A crafty mind егэ

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It’s best to be here early, especially on Saturdays. The rising pitch of the kettle is whistle joined with the faint hiss from the little blue camping stove. Twenty years old, that stove, found the receipt in a drawer just the other day — a bargain at four pounds fifty — but it always pays to hang onto the receipts. It’s Saturday today. By eight-thirty the staff have all arrived, I can’t hear them directly, but the soft, distant voices of the lifts rising and falling give them away.

Of course there is routine that measures time doesn’t it? Even the period before Christmas and during the sales that follow, routine is still there, although the time stretches and contracts as the public ebb and flow through the building like an unpredictable tide — routine will still be there, disguised, beneath the surface, an undertow. As the management ritually pull out their hair, thicken their arteries, bark at their coworkers and re-prioritise their priorities — behind it all routine will be waiting. Everyone here is a slave to it … even if they move on, get married, die … there will always be others to master, to enslave. I too am a slave to routine … but I don’t mind.

I look at the long white envelope with my name printed neatly in the centre, its edges slightly curled as though to fend off the surrounding army of clutter on the desk. An intruder. A foreign object.

I go down the stairs and open the main doors. Can’t keep the public waiting. Today is much like any other day. In amongst the structure of routine women drift like ghosts amid the lingerie, touching here, feeling there while husbands linger on the periphery of their erratic orbits, faces masked with bored indifference; in the homeware section, tweed-skirted ladies lift the lids on teapots; sniff, like careful poodles at bowls of Pot Porri, turn everything upside down to check the price and replace it quickly at the approach of an eager assistant. The sun streams through the plate glass windows in great broad beams, igniting every chrome fitting, while tired and wayward children are narrowly missed by my trolley’s wheels.

At 11 o’clock I go to the meeting with Mr. Radcliffe, the manager. He is a fat man, and the smallest motion on his part induces him to break into a sweat. He sits across the desk from me with the air of a man who has never dared to look a day in the eye. He speaks quickly and a little pompously, his eyes drifting toward the clock on the wall more often than my face. He says his words carefully, as though trying to pull each one down with the gravity of his tone. He endeavours to grant some words such as ‘free time’, ‘benefit package’, ‘pension fund’, ‘hobbies’ and ‘exemplary service’ an even greater weight of importance, but succeeds only in sweating some more as he glances to the clock.

In the staff canteen at lunchtime I see Mr. Radcliffe again as he orders a main course and two sweets, but this is not an unusual occurrence as far as I am aware. I don’t often come here, preferring to eat in my room upstairs, where I can read uninterrupted. But today I choose the canteen, although even here I am isolated to an island table set for six that’s fine. Iam not so naive to be unaware that I have a certain reputation here — a kind of gruff aloofness. I don’t actually believe this is part of my nature … or at least it never used to be. I like to be my own man, that’s all. I’ve little time for idle gossip. Years ago, when the new, young starters would arrive in June or July, I was more sociable. They would plague me for tips on the horses, or pop up to my ‘office’ for a skive or a cup of tea. But it all got a little out of hand. I no longer had any peace. So I became a little testy with them, and my annoyance soon became more organised. I became unpredictable and aggressive, this became a bit of a game, then a habit, and in the end … finally … me.

It’s dusk now and the store is quiet again. The kettle rocks gently on the metal frame of the stove. I glance around my room; the rows of books and piles of magazines, the ancient portable television, the radio. I have very few real possessions. What, really, does one man need? I’ve brought the things little by little from the flat. Now I think I have all that is required. I suppose, on occasion, they have suspected I stay here through the night, but that doesn’t bother me. It was a relief to let the flat go completely, I never felt at home there.

I have taken the retirement letter from its envelope and dropped it onto the worn lino. Now it lies there like a broken kite. I will sit here; wait until the mice come out from their hidden places to nibble at its corners and eat its words.

(Adapted from ‘Harry’s World’ by Steve Atkinson)

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Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика.

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How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 32___________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 33___________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 34___________, air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 35___________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 36___________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 37___________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 38___________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.

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B1

• I prefer watching films at the cinema.
• I’m not keen on films with special effects.
• I have seen several very good films recently.
• I usually trust my friends’ opinions of films.
• Watching films at home seems more fun to me.
• I am not influenced by film reviews in newspapers.
• Cinemas are too expensive for me these days.

A1

The Friends of Fisher Park is a group of 25 children.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A2

The local council is planning to build some flats where the park is now.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A3

The man thinks local children need a place to play.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A4

The group has just sent a letter to every councillor.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A5

There are council elections every two years.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A6

The man has decided that he wants to be on the local council.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A7

The council will make its decision about the park next month.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

А8

You will hear a news report about a fire. What was its probable cause?

1. a person
2. lightning
3. faulty electrical wiring

A9

You will hear a politician talking about her career. When did she become interested in politics?

1. at school
2. at university
3. at work

A10

You will hear a man talking about his house. What is he going to build next?

1. an extension to the living room
2. a swimming pool
3. a garage

A11

You will hear a nurse talking to a patient. What does he want the patient to do?

1. get out of bed
2. eat her lunch
3. take her tablets

A12

You will hear a woman talking about a lot of money. How did she get it?

1. She won the national lottery.
2. She entered a competition in a magazine.
3. She inherited it from a relative.

A13

You will hear a singer talking about his next album. What inspired him to write the songs on the album?

1. his success
2. a relationship
3. his recent tour

A14

You will hear a woman talking about moving to another country. What did she find difficult?

1. getting a job
2. learning the language
3. meeting new people

По окончании выполнения заданий В1 и А1-А14 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1

ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания Bl, A1-A14 располагаются в разных частях бланка. В1 расположено в нижней части бланка. При переносе ответов I в задании В1 буквы записываются без пробелов и знаков препинания.

B2

• UNUSUAL RELATIONSHIPS
• SIMILAR CHARACTERISTICS
• DIFFICULT PERIODS
• TWO TYPES
• IMPORTANT MOMENTS
• MISTAKEN BELIEFS
• MANY RESPONSIBILITIES
• HOME ALONE

1. In Britain, most families are ‘nuclear families’. This means that the family consists of the parents and children. Of course, there are uncles and aunts and grandparents too, but they do not have much to do with raising the children and often live a long way away. In many other countries, the extended family’ is more common. With the extended family, uncles, aunts and grandparents live much closer to the parents and children — sometimes even in the same building — and everyone in the family has a much closer relationship.

2. Most teenagers say at some point: ‘When I’m a parent, I’m going to give my children much more freedom than I have now.’ When they do actually become parents however, they soon realise that giving a child or teenager lots of freedom is not always the best thing to do. Many parents end up hearing their children saying to them exactly the same things they said to their parents when they were young.

3. What does bringing up a child involve? Giving a child love and making a child feel safe in their environment are extremely important. So is providing food and warmth. Parents also have a duty to teach their children the difference between right and wrong, and to make sure their children get a good education. Some parents believe that their role is also to teach children about the importance of things such as family, religion and society.

4. The English phrases ‘a chip off the old block’ and like father, like son’ (or ‘like mother, like daughter’) are used to show the similarities between a parent and their child. These might be similarities in terms of appearance, behaviour or interests. For example, if a dad loves watching cricket and his son Eric becomes interested in cricket too, you might say, ‘Eric’s a chip off the old block, isn’t he?’

5. ‘Latchkey kids’ are a major problem in many countries, including Britain and the USA. These are children whose parents are still at work when they come home from school, so there is no one at home to look after them. Their parents aren’t there to help them with their homework, and some of them spend hours on their own before their parents return.

6. The idea of’quality time’ is based on an understanding that the amount of time a parent spends with their child is not the only important thing. What is also important is what they do together during that time. Ten minutes of discussing problems that a teenager is facing may be much more valuable than two hours of watching a movie together in silence.

7. Families work well when things are going well, but the real test of a family comes at times of stress. Perhaps Mum has been working too hard, or perhaps young Amy is taking exams at school. These are times when all families can find themselves fighting instead of helping each other. When a family is going through a crisis like this, it can often help to talk to someone outside the family. It could either be an expert, such as a family counsellor, or a trusted family friend.

B3

The Eden Project, near St Austell in Cornwall, is not just one of the area’s major tourist attractions. Over a million people visit the Eden Project each year. It is now one of the most popular attractions in the whole of the UK, 1 ___.

Tim Smit was the person responsible for turning the Eden Project from a dream into a reality. Built on the site of an old china clay quarry, the Eden Project currently consists of two ‘biomes’ and a Visitor Centre, 2 ___.

Each biome is an enormous greenhouse. And they are enormous! The Humid Tropics biome, which contains plants and trees from tropical countries, is 100 metres wide, 200 metres long and 55 metres high. The second biome, which is called the Warm Temperate biome, is slightly smaller. Visitors walk through the biomes 3 ___.

The biomes also contain sculptures, waterfalls and birds and insects from the same environments that the plants come from. Information is given about each plant 4 ___.

The latest addition to the Eden Project is the Core. This building contains classrooms and exhibition spaces where visitors learn more about the environment. The design of the building matches the philosophy of the Eden Project, 5 ___.

The Eden Project has appeared in films and is used as a venue for other forms of entertainment, 6 ___

• despite being fairly new
• using shapes from nature
• including concerts and plays
• whereas there are no plans for other biomes
• so visitors understand the display
• which includes a cafe and gift shops
• looking at the thousands of plants and trees

Damian would never have called himself a bully. A victim of bullying himself on occasion, if he’d thought for one second that he was bullying his classmates, he would have been devastated. The idea that he bullied his friends had never even entered his head. But now he was having to face up to the fact that perhaps in certain ways he was a bully.

It had all started in the mid-morning break, when Damian and a couple of his friends were discussing what to do about Frank Rice. Frank Rice was a bully and the whole school knew it. The question was, should they tell a member of staff the next time Frank picked on one of them? Damian thought they should. Chris and Will thought that they shouldn’t. As they were arguing, Damian said: ‘We’ve got to do something. He’s making people’s lives a misery. It can’t go on like this.’ There was silence when Chris replied: ‘Well, he’s not the only one, you know. You should take a look in the mirror, Damian, before accusing other people. You’re not perfect, you know.’

Damian was so shocked, he didn’t know how to reply. He didn’t know where to begin. Finally, he managed to ask: ‘What on earth do you mean? You’re not suggesting I’m a bully, are you? How am I like Frank Rice?’

Will explained. ‘No, you’re not like Frank Rice at all. Chris didn’t mean that. You don’t hit people, you don’t want to be horrible and nasty. You’re usually just trying to be funny, but sometimes the things you say do hurt people. Quite often, in fact.»Give me an example,’ said Damian.

‘Well, take yesterday, for example,’ said Will, ‘when we were in the changing room after football. You kept saying how Chris was such a terrible goalie, you seriously wondered if he’d been bribed by the other team.’

T was only joking!’ protested Damian. ‘You know that, Chris, don’t you? I was only teasing.’

«That’s exactly the point,’ said Will. ‘You were teasing Chris. And you do that a lot. It’s not very nice, you know. I could see that Chris was upset, even if you didn’t notice.’

‘Were you, Chris?’

‘Well, I can’t say I enjoyed it, to be honest. And Will’s right. You do seem to do it a lot.’

The bell rang, and they went off to class. Damian found it hard to concentrate for the rest of the morning. The conversation he’d had with Will and Chris kept coming back to haunt him. Was he a bully? If he was, he certainly didn’t mean to be. But there was no escaping the fact that two very good friends of his thought that his comments often hurt them.

At lunch, Damian, as usual, sat next to Chris and Will. ‘Guys, I’ve been thinking about what we were talking about earlier and I think you’re right. I just want to say that I’m really, really sorry. You’re my best friends, and I’d never do anything to hurt you on purpose. I can see that I do sometimes say things that would upset you, and I’m going to make a real effort not to do that from now on. Still friends?’

‘Of course we are, Damian,’ said Chris.’But thanks’ ‘No problem,’ said Will.

In the changing room that afternoon after football practice, Damian, Chris and Will were discussing the game. Will had fallen over the ball at one point, and Damian was just about to make a joke about it when he stopped himself. Am I allowed to say something like that?’ he thought to himself. ‘We are friends. We’ve got to be able to joke with each other. Or is it too nasty?’ Damian decided not to say anything on this occasion, but he began to realise that keeping his promise to Chris and Will would not be as easy as he’d thought.

А15

From the first paragraph we learn that Damian has

1. sometimes been bullied by other people.
2. never thought about bullying before.
3. briefly considered bullying his classmates.
4. only been bullied once in his life.

A16

The boys disagree about whether

1. Frank will bully them again in the future.
2. they should have told a teacher about Frank.
3. Frank is making people feel very miserable.
4. to tell a teacher if Frank bullies them again.

A17

When Chris tells Damian to ‘take a look in the mirror’, he means Damian should

1. look at what Frank has done to him.
2. take more care with his appearance.
3. think about his own behaviour.
4. remember that no one is perfect.

A18

Will’s explanation to Damian suggests that Frank Rice

1. never tries to make people laugh.
2. sometimes uses physical violence.
3. doesn’t want to be nasty either.
4. only uses language to hurt people.

A19

The example from the previous day that Will gives shows that

1. Will thinks it is extremely funny when Damian teases Chris.
2. Damian only teases Chris and never makes jokes about Will.
3. Damian’s jokes about Chris and Will can sometimes be cruel.
4. Chris gets more upset by Damian’s comments than Will does.

A20

Damian finds it difficult to concentrate in class because he

1. is angry his friends have accused him of being a bully.
2. believes he will never be friends with Chris and Will again.
3. is continually looked at by Will and Chris during the lessons.
4. can’t stop thinking about what he’s been accused of.

A21

In the changing room, Damian understands that

1. it is difficult to balance making jokes with being nice.
2. he has already broken his promise to Chris and Will.
3. keeping his promise is the most important thing to him.
4. stopping himself from saying nasty things will be impossible.

По окончании выполнения заданий В2, ВЗ и А15-А21 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1

ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания В2, ВЗ и А15-А21 располагаются в разных частях бланка.

Alexander Fleming

Have you heard of penicillin? It’s a type of medicine that

В4 ___KILL___

bacteria. Bacteria can cause infections.

Many people

В5 ___DIE___

in the past because of them.

A doctor from Scotland called Alexander Fleming discovered antibiotics. Fleming

В6 ___STUDY___

medicine at St Mary’s Hospital in London.

During the First World War, he worked in a hospital in France,

В7 ___HELP___

the soldiers who had been hurt.

After the war, he

В8 ___MAKE___

an important discovery. He discovered a way to kill bacteria.

At the time, however, other doctors

В9 ___NOT UNDERSTAND___

how important Fleming’s discovery was. Because of this, he stopped doing his experiments.

It

В10 ___TAKE___

several years for scientists to realise that Fleming had found a way to save millions of lives.

Harry Houdini is said to be the greatest magician of all time.

He started doing his magic show professionally in the USA in 1891. In 1893, he met a fellow

B11 ___PERFORM___

called Bess Rahner. They married three weeks later and, for the rest of Houdini’s career, Bess worked as his

B12 ___ASSIST ___

on stage.

Houdini mainly concentrated on card tricks at the

В13 ___BEGIN___

of his career. It was his incredible escape acts, though, that brought him fame and great wealth.

In 1904, after a four-year

B14 ___EUROPE___

tour, Houdini returned to the States with cause for

B15 ___CELEBRATE___

. He had become a major star in the entertainment world and audiences couldn’t get enough of his

B16 ___DRAMA___

and exciting act. Houdini carried on thrilling audiences until his death in 1926, at the age of 52.

‘Jane, will you marry me?’

It was not the most romantic of settings. Graham and Jane were in the supermarket, and Jane was in the middle of pointing out to Graham that the supermarket’s own

A22 ___

of soup was exactly the same as the more famous, but more expensive, soup next to it.

‘don’t be silly, Graham,’ was Jane’s reply.

I’m not being silly. I’m deadly serious.’ To

A23 ___

it, Graham got down on one knee.

‘Graham, people are looking. Get up!’

‘Not until you give me an answer,’ said Graham, beginning to get annoyed.

‘All right. The answer’s no.’

Graham paused. ‘No?’ he finally said. ‘No? Why not? Give me one good

A24 ___

.’ He began to feel slightly uncomfortable — physically and emotionally.

‘I can’t believe we’re having this conversation here,’ said Jane. ‘Let’s just finish the shopping and go home.’ ‘I’m not going anywhere until you’ve explained to me why we shouldn’t get married. We love each other!’

‘Of course we do,’ said Jane,

A25 ___

if she was talking to a young child, ‘but that doesn’t mean we should get married, does it? You get married when you want to settle

A26 ___

and make a life together. I only met you three months ago. Ask me again in a year or two, if we’re still going

A27 ___

together.’

‘If… if,’ stammered Graham. ‘You think we might not be?’

‘Graham!’ said Jane. ‘You’re being ridiculous! Now, let’s not talk about it again.

A28 ___

me a packet of spaghetti, would you?’

Graham handed Jane the spaghetti. ‘So, you’ll think about it, then?’ he asked eventually. Jane rolled her eyes, let out a deep sigh, and pushed the trolley over to the breakfast cereals.

A22

1. product
2. mark
3. brand
4. style

A23

1. present
2. exhibit
3. reveal
4. prove

A24

1. thought
2. sense
3. reason
4. cause

A25

1. as
2. even
3. what
4. only

A26

1. down
2. in
3. up
4. on

A27

1. by
2. off
3. out
4. with

A28

1. Deliver
2. Pass
3. Donate
4. Forward

По окончании выполнения заданий В4-В16, А22-А28 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1

ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания В4-В16, А22-А28 располагаются в разных частях бланка. При переносе ответов в задании В4-В16 буквы записываются без пробелов и знаков препинания.

C1

You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Rebecca, who writes:

Write a letter to Rebecca. In your letter:

• answer her questions
• ask 3 questions about the new shopping centre

Write 100—140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

C2

You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Technology is an important part of our lives. We use computers and other electronic equipment at work and in the home. However, some people believe we rely too much on machines, and that the more technology improves, the lazier and weaker humans will become.

What can you say for and against future technological developments?

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

1. Make an introduction (state the problem).
2. Express your personal opinion and give reasons for it.
3. Give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it.
4. Draw a conclusion.

Задания для экзаменуемого

C3

Task 1 (3—3.5 minutes)

Give a 2-minute talk on your best friend.

Remember to say:

• what your best friend looks like
• why you like him/her
• when and how you met
• what you have in common with him/her

You have to talk for 1.5—2 minutes. The examiner will listen until you have finished. Then he / she will ask you some questions.

C4

Task 2 (3—4 minutes)

You are on holiday with a friend and it is your final day. You have time to see one more tourist attraction before leaving. You and your friend are discussing what to go and see. You can go:

• to an art gallery
• to a funfair
• to a castle
• to a beach

You begin the conversation. The examiner will play the part of your friend.

Remember to:

• discuss all the options
• be polite
• take an active part in the conversation
• come up with ideas
• give good reasons
• find out your friend’s attitudes and take them into account
• invite your friend to come up with suggestions
• come to an agreement

B1

Speaker 1: I suppose I watch several films a week, whether that’s at the cinema, on TV or getting a DVD from the local video store. What have I seen in the past few days? The latest Star Wars movie. That was fantastic! The effects were brilliant! A comedy with Hugh Grant. He’s so funny. I just laughed and laughed. Oh, and a movie I’ve wanted to see for a long time, Cinema Paradiso. It was incredible. Really moving. I cried for the last hour!

Speaker 2: I’d much rather watch a romantic comedy, say, something with Hugh Grant in it, or a movie like Cinema Paradiso than a big-budget blockbuster like Star Wars or War of the Worlds. I mean, they just use computers to create the effects, don’t they? I’d much rather see a film with good acting and a good script than loads of explosions or computer-generated aliens.

Speaker 3: I love films. I can watch anything, really. doesn’t matter if it’s just full of special effects or it’s a really simple drama. I go to the cinema quite often, but I’d never decide to see a film on the basis of what it said in the paper. That’s just one person’s opinion, isn’t it? And reviewers look at films differently to the rest of us, anyway. No, if I like the sound of the title, or if I know any of the actors in it, I’ll probably risk it.

Speaker 4: Well, I do like going to the cinema, but it’s not as cheap as it used to be. If we take the kids, by the time we’ve bought some popcorn and had a drink, it’s about £50. That’s a lot of money for a couple of hours of some special effects. It’s a shame, though, because the kids really do enjoy seeing a film in the cinema. Makes it more of an event. It’s just not worth it financially, though.

Speaker 5: Well, we do watch quite a lot of movies at home. We watched the latest Star Wars film only the other night on DVD. Great effects, by the way. But the problem with watching films at home is that there’s too many distractions. People talk and the phone rings. That kind of thing. When you actually see a film on the big screen, you get so much more involved with what’s happening. It’s strange — there’s more people around you, but you can actually concentrate more.

Speaker 6: There are just so many films on these days that it’s not always easy to decide what you want to see. Reviews in magazines or online can be useful, but I usually want to ask people I know what they think of the films. They know what I like, and they usually have a good idea of whether I’d like a film or not. Sometimes they get it wrong, but not often.

A1-A7

Journalist: Hello, I’m looking for John Stapleton.

Man: That’s me.

Journalist: Oh, hi. My name’s Janice Short. I’m a reporter with the Pennington Evening News. I wonder if I could ask you a few questions.

Man: About the council’s plan to close the park?

Journalist: That’s right, yes.

Man: Fantastic. We need all the publicity we can get.

Journalist: So, who exactly is ‘we’?

Man: Well, we’re just a group of people who live round here, really. Most of us have kids. There’s about twenty-five of us, I’d say, who are actively involved. We’re calling ourselves the Friends of Fisher Park.

Journalist: And what exactly do you hope to achieve, Mr Stapleton?

Man: It’s very simple. We want to stop the council from destroying the park to build a block of flats.

Journalist: You do accept, though, that we really do need some new, cheap accommodation in the town centre?

Man: Oh yes. We do recognise there’s a problem, and that land is in short supply. But to destroy the only green area for miles around. Well, it’s a disgrace. Kids can’t play in the streets anymore, obviously. We’ve got to give them somewhere to be able to run around. The park’s been that place for over fifty years, and we won’t give it up without afight.

Journalist: Do you think you’ve got a chance of winning?

Man: I do, yes. The people are all on our side, you know.

We’ve got a letter which we’re going to send to every councillor next week. It’s got over two thousand signatures on it.

Journalist: But will the council listen to you?

Man: Well, it’s council elections in about six months. If they don’t, I think they’ll find that a lot of people don’t vote for them. They’re supposed to represent us, aren’t they? If they don’t, why should we vote for them?

Journalist: Are you considering standing for a council position in the next election, then?

Man: I haven’t made my mind up yet, to be honest. It’s a possibility, though.

Journalist: So, you’ve got the letter. What happens next?

Man: Well, the council meets on the 24th of this month to make a final decision. We’ll all be at the meeting, of course. And I hope lots of other people will be too. The more people we can get there, the more pressure there’ll be on the council to change its mind.

Journalist: Well, good luck. Thanks for your time.

Man: My pleasure!

A8-A14

Situation 1

Man: And in local news, police have announced today that initial reports that the fire at Johnson’s Hardware Store, on the Dagenham Road, was caused by a lightning strike were unfounded. Investigators have also ruled out faulty electrical wiring and police are now searching for a woman who was seen at the building just minutes before the fire started.

Situation 2

Woman: Well, I did an A level at school in politics and economics, and I actually did very well in the exam, but my heart really wasn’t in the subject at that point. It was when I was working as a reporter for a local newspaper that I finally decided to go into politics as a career, but I suppose my love for politics really began when I got involved with the Student Union while I was doing my law degree.

Situation 3

Man: You can just see the new extension to the living room over there through the trees. We’re going to decorate it next week, so hopefully it’ll be ready for Christmas, as will the garage, of course, which we’re starting work on next Monday. Where we’re standing right now will hopefully be an outdoor swimming pool before too long, but we’ll have to save up a bit first!

Situation 4

Man: Come on, Mrs Jacobs. You know what the doctor said. You have to take these pills as soon as you’ve had lunch. As you’re not going to finish your dessert, that means it’s time. Yes, you can get out of bed in a short while, but just pop these into your mouth first. With some juice, that’s right.

Situation 5

Woman: You hear about people winning millions in the lottery, don’t you? But you always think something like that will never happen to you. Well, it has to me! When my great aunt died a few years ago, she did leave me some money in her will, but it wasn’t much and it certainly wasn’t life-changing. With this, though, I can quit my job and live in luxury for the rest of my life. I’d like to thank all of you at People magazine. I’m just so glad I sent off the answers to those three questions you printed!

Situation 6

Man: Yeah, the new album comes out next week. It’s called Variations, and I think it’s quite different to my last album. A lot of the songs on that were to do with dealing with being successful, as lots of second albums are, I suppose. But while I was on tour recently I, er,fell in love, actually, and I think that’s what’s motivated me to write these twelve tracks.

Situation 7

Woman: Oh yes, I’ve been here a long time. Over ten years. When I first arrived, I couldn’t speak the language at all. Not a word! I picked it up relatively quickly, though. Well, I made a real effort to meet people, you see, and really tried not to speak to them in English. And as it took months and months for me to find work, I had a lot of time on my hands to get to grips with the language.

Warm-up

1. How much free time do you have each week?
2. What do you like doing in your free time?
3. Do you spend more time with your family or friends?

Interlocutor card C3

Task 1 (3—3.5 minutes)

Let the student talk for 1.5—2 minutes.

Ask only those questions which the student has not covered while giving a talk.

1. What does your best friend look like?
2. Why do you like him/her?
3. When and how did you meet?
4. What do you have in common with him/her?

All of these ideas must be covered.

Finally, you must ask each student the following questions:

1. Is it important to have a best friend? Why?
2. Why do people sometimes argue with their friends?

Interlocutor card C4

Task 2 (3—4 minutes)

You and the student are discussing which tourist attraction to visit on the final day of your holiday together.

These are your ideas about each option:

Note: Make sure all the options have been discussed.

When discussing each option, first use the information that is contrary to what the student says. You may choose to make use of some ideas only.

Do not speak first all the time, but ask the student what he / she thinks about the options.

Invite the student to come up with his/her suggestions, especially if he / she readily agrees with the things you say.

If the student says all the time,’What do you think about it?’ without expressing his/her own opinion, say: ‘Sorry, I don’t know.’ or ‘I’m not sure. How do you feel about it?’

Skills to be tested

The student is expected to demonstrate her / his ability to:

• initiate and maintain conversation:
  — explain the situation
  — come up with suggestions
  — give good reasons
  — find out the partner’s attitudes
  — invite the partner to come up with suggestions
  — agree or disagree with her / his partner’s opinion
• reach an agreement by taking into account the partner’s attitudes.

Утверждение

Соответствие диалогу

1) oxygen.

2) carbon dioxide.

3) other gasses.

1) absorb solar radiation.

2) reflect solar radiation.

3) scatter solar radiation.

1) the size of the cloud.

2) the colour of the cloud.

1. Exotic Pets
2. Going Back in Time
3. Small Screen Addiction
4. Body Language

5. Massive Destruction
6. Buried Treasure
7. Reason for Extinction
8. Intelligent Enemies

1) application letters.
2) thank-you letters.

3) letters of recrimination.
4) letters of complaint.

1) expensive and useless.
2) cheap and useless.

3) expensive and useful.
4) cheap and useful.

1) stupid.

2) clever.

3) kind.

4) mean.

1) absolutely impossible.
2) too perfunctory.

3) easy to implement.
4) totally unacceptable.

19

The first heated swimming pool by Gaius Maecenas of Rome in the first century BC.

CON-
STRUCT

20

Swimming pools became popular in Britain in the beginning of the 19th century. By 1837, London authorities six indoor pools with diving boards.

BUILD

21

The surviving swimming club in the world is the Arlington Baths Club in Glasgow. It is still an active club and continues to own its original Victorian building with a large pool.

OLD

22

After the start of modern Olympic Games in 1896, the popularity of swimming pools off. Nowadays there are lots of different swimming pools, both public and private.

TAKE

23

Most enjoy swimming and swimming pools with their wave-making machines, water slides and tropical vegetation are something unique for them.

CHILD

24

If they could, kids to spend their entire summer in the swimming pool.

CHOOSE

25

However, not everyone their own backyard pool.

HAVE

26

Waste affects our environment — everything that surrounds us including the air, water, land, plants, and man-made things. We need a healthy environment for our own health and .

HAPPY

27

The waste we create has to be controlled to be sure that it does not harm our environment and our health.

CAREFUL

28

So waste management is very important.

EFFECT

29

Waste reduction and recycling have a wide range of environmental benefits and promote public awareness and personal for the waste we create.

RESPON-
SIBLE

30

The best place to start making a is our home. Learn how you can reduce, reuse, and recycle materials to decrease household waste.

DIFFER

31

If we recycle what we can’t use any more, we save resources because the materials replace some of the natural resources including water and energy, which we use to make new products.

RECYCLE

1) started

2) began

3) ushered

4) launched

1) cause

2) impact

3) consequences

4) result

1) bonds

2) gaps

3) jumps

4) leaps

1) regardless

2) despite

3) notwithstanding

4) because

1) breakbeats

2) breakdowns

3) breakouts

4) breakthroughs

1) any

2) no

3) none of

4) some

1) access

2) claim

3) demand

4) rise