Английский язык (Вариант 15)
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Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните поля ответа полученными словами в соответствующем порядке.
Advantages of a regular homework
What is homework? Should it always be done in writing, or can it be oral? Is it necessarily connected with the 26._________(INFORM) and tasks from the text books?
Homework refers to any work or activity that students are asked to do outside the classroom, either on their own or with other students or parents.
Sometimes it is based on 27._________(COMPARE) simple drill exercises, sometimes it involves highly challenging tasks, project or research work aimed at integrating skills and knowledge from 28._________(DIFFER) subject areas.
Research indicates that schools in which homework is routinely assigned and systemically assessed tend to have higher achieving students, as learning is not confined to the schoolroom environment.
Homework 29._________(APPROPRIATE) designed and well balanced is able to enhance self-discipline and good study habits; to develop students’ independence and 30._________(INITIATE).
It can also provide an opportunity to revise or complete classroom work, thus reinforcing what has been taught, to provide regular feedback on the students’ progress in learning and raise academic skills and standards. Parents who are concerned with their kids’ homework get an opportunity to become engaged in the 31._________(EDUCATE) of their children.
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Образуйте от слова ACADEMY однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
It can also provide an opportunity to revise or complete classroom work, thus reinforcing what has been taught, to provide regular feedback on the students’ progress in learning and raise ______ skills and standards. Parents who are concerned with their kids’ homework get an opportunity to become engaged in the education of their children.
1
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово TWENTY так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Scottish Castle
For more than 800 years the castle was a fortress against the English and rival Scottish clans. For the most part it was in a state of neglect since then. About 150 years ago it became a luxurious farm house and then in the early part of the ______ century it became a hunting and fishing lodge.
2
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово STRONG так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Wealthy visitors paid good money trying to catch Atlantic salmon — the Scotland’s ______ sporting fish.
3
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SWIM так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
The inspiration to restore the castle came to John Faulkner when he ______ in the sea on an unusually warm August afternoon.
4
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово REALISE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Now, ten years after that summer swim, he is in the mood for celebration as he finally ______ his biggest ambition. All the difficult and expensive restoration is finished and his first guests are due to arrive this evening.
5
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SERVE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Restaurant with a Difference
The Rapid River Camp is a huge family style restaurant. Food ______ and even the cooking is done by staff in period costume.
6
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово NOT NEED так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
One ______ to choose one of the big, high calorie dishes loved by real forest workers. In fact there is a large menu to suit all tastes and appetites.
7
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово CUT так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
On Tuesdays and Fridays you can also see demonstrations of a steam powered saw, ______ up the wood just as it did 100 years ago.
8
Образуйте от слова NECESSARY однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Advantages of a regular homework
What is homework? Should it always be done in writing, or can it be oral? Is it ______ connected with the information and tasks from the text books?
9
Образуйте от слова ACTIVE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Homework refers to any work or ______ that students are asked to do outside the classroom, either on their own or with other students or parents.
10
Образуйте от слова HIGH однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Sometimes it is based on comparatively simple drill exercises, sometimes it involves ______ challenging tasks, project or research work aimed at integrating skills and knowledge from different subject areas.
11
Образуйте от слова ROUTINE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Research indicates that schools in which homework is ______ assigned and systemically assessed tend to have higher achieving students, as learning is not confined to the schoolroom environment.
12
Образуйте от слова DEPEND однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Homework appropriately designed and well balanced is able to enhance self-discipline and good study habits; to develop students’ ______ and initiative.
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в скобках так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию группы B11-B16.
What is homework? Should it always be done in writing, or can it be oral? Is it (NECESSARY)
connected with the information and tasks from the text books?
Homework refers to any work or (ACTIVE)
that students are asked to do outside the classroom, either on their own or with other students or parents.
Sometimes it is based on comparatively simple drill exercises, sometimes it involves (HIGH)
challenging tasks, project or research work aimed at integrating skills and knowledge from different subject areas.
Research indicates that schools in which homework is (ROUTINE)
assigned and systemically assessed tend to have higher achieving students, as learning is not confined to the schoolroom environment.
Homework appropriately designed and well balanced is able to enhance self-discipline and good study habits; to develop students’ (DEPENDE)
and initiative.
It can also provide an opportunity to revise or complete classroom work, thus reinforcing what has been taught, to provide regular feedback on the students’ progress in learning and raise
(ACADEMY)
skills and standards. Parents who are concerned with their kids’ homework get an opportunity to become engaged in the education of their children.
Словообразование
В данном задании дается связный текст с шестью пропусками. Напротив каждого пропуска Справа на полях дается слово, написанное ЗАГЛАВНЫМИ БУКВАМИ, от которого надо образовать однокоренное слово для заполнения пропуска. За каждый правильно заполненный пропуск дается 1 Балл. Учитывается Не только словообразовательная, но и Орфографическая точность ответа. За все задание можно получить максимально 6 Баллов.
ЦЕЛЬ ЗАДАНИЯ: Проверить владение различными способами словообразования, включая суффиксальные; префиксальные; суффиксально-префиксальные; с использованием конверсии, и Т. Д.
СОВЕТЫ ПО ЭФФЕКТИВНОМУ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЮ ЗАДАНИЯ
Заранее ознакомиться с форматом задания и с требованиями по заполнению бланков для данного задания.
Во время первого прочтения
Просмотреть текст с пропусками, постараться понять его содержание.
Во время второго прочтения
Читать текст внимательно до пропуска. При работе с каждым фрагментом текста с пропуском используйте следующую логику и последовательность действий:
♦ прочитать текст до пропуска и слово, написанное ЗАГЛАВНЫМИ БУКВАМИ на полях и определить, Какой частью речи должно являться пропущенное слово;
♦ определить, используется ли данное слово В положительном или отрицательном значенииВ данном контексте;
♦ образовать нужное слово с использованием Нужных Суффиксов или Префиксов, а возможно и тех и других Одновременно (особенно для слов с отрицательным значением);
♦ если вы не знаете, как образовать слово от указанного опорного слова, вспомните суффиксы и префиксы, которые Могут использоваться для образования данной части речи, используйте их, определите, насколько Естественно выглядит образованное вами слово;
♦ определите, есть ли у данной формы особенности написания, поскольку правильно выбранная словообразовательная модель Не будет засчитана как верный ответ, если в ней Есть орфографическая ошибка.
После заполнения всех пропусков
1. Прочитать весь текст с заполненными пропусками. Проверить (мысленно обосновать) однозначность выбранного ответа.
2. Записать окончательный вариант ответа в тексте задания.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 1
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров В11—В16 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
The Old Theatre
For years the old town theatre was a failure. It was very |
|
Bll |
Expensive but not comfortable, and most of the plays performed |
Were_____________________ . POPULAR In an attempt to make it more ______________________ , they began COMMERCE Putting on more comedies and well known, successful dramas. Because the audiences were made up of____________________ young MAIN |
|
В12 |
|
В13 |
People with low incomes and students, discounted tickets were introduced. In, there was the issue of the uncomfortable ADD |
[_В14_ |
Seating. Despite the huge cost, the old seats were ripped out and new ones installed. All of these measures made the theatre’s new owner rather |
В15 |
________________ . Would there be enough new customers to ANXIETY make up for all the money invested? But in _____________ everything has worked out really well. REAL |
⅛16 |
Audiences are on average three times larger than before. The theatre is now an outstanding success. |
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 2
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров Bll—BlG Так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
Tourism in Wales ‘Snowdonia for All’ is a project which aims to encourage disadvantaged people to visit Snowdonia and have an enjoyable |
|
IBH |
And relaxing time. The project is the outcome of cooperation between the National Park Consultation Group and various__ protection groups. ENVIRONMENT All of these organisations have been involved in the |
|_В12_ |
________________________ of walking paths across the beautiful PRESERVE northern Welsh countryside. The area has witnessed a lot of____________________ in recent years DEVELOP |
IВ13 |
While at the same time seeking to maintain the essential character and atmosphere of this beautiful park. And in fact it is the Welsh National Assembly rather than the |
В14 |
Westminster government that has been made_______________________ RESPONSE For drawing together a number of difficult issues. For example local_________________________________________________ do want to see a big increase_________________ POLITICS |
[В15 |
In the number of visitors to the region but at the same time they want to preserve the quiet beauty of the landscape. Also there is the ongoing commitment to provide more jobs, especially those connected to tourism. But achieving solid growth and preserving an ancient landscape is ECONOMY never easy. |
[Blβ |
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 3
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров В11-В16 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
Stratford-upon-Avon
Dramatic arts in the UK.
Sheep Street is the busiest location in GENERAL Stratford. Twice in Shakespeare’s life time it burned down (1595 and 1614) but it is the best place to eat in a town with a wealth of superb restaurants.
Of course one should visit all the Shakespeare sights. Not least the building where the bard was born — under the excellent care of The Shakespeare’s Birthplace Trust. MANAGE
But there are beautiful bridges, pubs and shops. Stratford has museums for cars, teddy bears and art as well as a brass rubbing centre, butterfly farm and factory shop. In you REAL
Are spoiled for choice.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 4
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров В11—В16 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
My job would probably rank as one of the most but I really like it. I am an accountant and
I work from 9 am until 6 pm (although it takes an hour by train to reach my office in The City).
People think that accountancy involves working all day long with numbers and that it is really boring. But they could not be more wrong. My work is exciting, challenging, varied and both personally and professionally rewarding. Being involved with the world is also, at times, really good fun.
I deal mainly with new, start-up businesses and typically I see about three clients. Either I go out to their offices or they visit me and I often have lunch with a client. Over the years some of them have become friends and I know their wives and families.
The main task is to check their financial figures are correct and it is true that this part is tough work. But in my job is to advise and help them.
Many new businesses have a rather time trying to build up customers and make profits. They are encouraged and even relieved when I explain to them that it is not normal tc make profits immediately. It can take years before a business i functioning correctly.
Probably my biggest contribution is to advise them of the most efficient way to invest in their businesses.
Very often, a small change can make a big in business. When they take my advice and I see a new company or business begin to succeed — it is really satisfying. I feel as if I was part of the success story and a member of their team.
POPULAF
COMMERCE
DAV
ADD
ANXIETY
DIFFER
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 5
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров В11-В16 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11—В16.
In the 1700’s, one could travel across England by horse power, by boat (on rivers) or on foot. Try to imagine the shock of seeing the first train! There were no laws or regulations and no concern about issues either.
No one, even in their wildest, had even dreamed of IMAGINE such a thing. It is difficult now for us to appreciate how shocked they must have been.
Richard Trevithick is believed by many to be RESPONSE for the first train. The first journey was on February 21st 1804 and carried only iron and no passengers.
But he first ever passenger train in history set off from Swansea to the fishing village of Mumbles on March 25th, 1807. This journey marked the of a new era. ESTABLISH
The train drew many and some brave passengers. But VISIT
Many ran away as “the iron horse” blasted out steam and the whistle screamed.
Before the end of the 1820’s — the first intercity service was taking passengers from Liverpool to Manchester. The transformation of the United Kingdom had begun. Journeys that previously took days by coach and horses were completed in hours. People who throughout their never travelled more LIVE
Than 20 miles from their birth place, finally began to see the country of their birth.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 6
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров Bl I—Bl6 Так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
Social historians argue about the birth of the modern fast food restaurant. There are certainly different definitions of “fast food” which makes it to be absolutely sure.
Although it is to be definite, many historians go for Joseph Horn and Frank Hobart whose first outlet opened in Philadelphia in 1902.
But when they opened in New York, July 7th 1912 — their shop “Automat” caused an sensation. They sold precooked food through small window opened by coin-operated slots.
Later on the two brothers opened a barbecue drive-in
In San Berdino, California. It was a wonderful location and very popular but they discovered all their profits came from burgers, fries, coffees, shakes and coco cola.
So they closed for three months and opened again selling only these goods from a counter, served in paper packaging. Burgers at 15 cents each were hardly.
Although some scholars may these brothers were
Probably the most important in fast food history. Their names were Richard and Maurice McDonald.
TRICK
POSSIBLE
PREDICT
RESOURCE
EXPENSE
AGREE
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 7
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров В11-В16 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
Advantages of a regular homework
What is homework? Should it always be done in writing, or can it be oral? Is it connected with the information and
Tasks from the text books?
Homework refers to any work or that students are
Asked to do outside the classroom, either on their own or with other students or parents.
Sometimes it is based on comparatively simple drill exercises, sometimes it involves challenging tasks, project or research work aimed at integrating skills and knowledge from different subject areas.
Research indicates that schools in which homework is assigned and systemically assessed tend to have higher achieving students, as learning is not confined to the schoolroom environment.
Homework appropriately designed and well balanced is able to enhance self-discipline and good study habits; to develop students’and initiative.
It can also provide an opportunity to revise or complete classroom work, thus reinforcing what has been taught, to provide regular feedback on the students’ progress in learning and raise skills and standards. Parents who are concerned with their kids’ homework get an opportunity to become engaged in the education of their children.
NECESSARY
ACTIVE
HIGH
ROUTINE
DEPEND
ACADEMY
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 8
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров В11-В16 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
In favor of a school uniform
Though use of public school uniforms is not widespread, it is
Bll |
Growing. ________________ , parents, and students cite many EDUCATE Reasons in favor of school uniforms. School administrators often face a complicated task setting a |
B12 |
Dress code. Sometimes it may be easier to have a uniform than to |
Detail and specify__________________ chosen clothing. DEPEND The latter can be with unsuitable coverage (for example, midriff tops or too short skirts and shorts) and _________________________________________________ APPROPRIATE Insignia (for example, slogans for alcohol and cigarettes or with vulgar language). The interest in fashion combined with peer pressure often lead to |
|
B13 |
|
B14 |
The _________________ of spending more money than some NECESSARY Families can afford: school uniforms refocus this issue. Wearing school uniforms emphasizes _________________ and group MEMBER Identity, fostering school and community spirit. Because students can be easily identified, intruders in the school |
Blβ |
I B16 I setting can be more readily recognized and students on field trips are more accounted for. EASY
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 9
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров Bl I—Bl6 Так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
Arguments against a school uniform
The public school uniform discussion has been a debatable issue for teachers, parents, and students for years. The question of
[BllJ |
What students should wear to school rouses strong __________________ . Many people are opposed to school uniforms and give reasons like the following. Uniforms interfere with students rights for self-expression. |
FEEL |
∣B12∣ |
Besides, uniforms are an unnecessary expense and can create economic. |
HARD |
Wearing uniforms does not prevent the__________________ of cliques |
FORM |
|
B13∣ |
Or gangs as well as it can’t prevent students from expressing unpopular or inappropriate views in other ways. |
|
School uniforms can be unflattering, and having to wear something is not good for students’ self-esteem. |
ATTRACT |
|
[B14j |
Wearing uniforms may delay or prevent students from learning how to get along with people whose personal taste differs from their own. |
|
On the one hand, it is difficult to deny the fact that a person’s |
||
[B15j |
Unique gifts and ____________ traits go deeper than any clothing And aren’t diminished by uniform dress. |
PERSONAL |
But on the other hand, wearing school uniforms may give students the that conformity is the way to |
IMPRESS |
|
B16 I |
Prevent |
Conflict, and this is not an appropriate message for schools to send.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 10
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров В11-В16 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
Repin
Ilya Yefimovich Repin was born in Kharkov, Ukraine in 1844. Aged 22, after an apprenticeship that covered icon painting and portraiture, he was admitted as a student to the Imperial Academy of Arts in St Petersburg. For more than 3 years, supported by the Academy, Repin lived in Italy and France where he was exposed to Impressionist painting. This influenced his use of light and colour but he never became an impressionist.
Instead he developed “a realist” style of painting. His works often revealed great depth and exposed tensions within the
Existing social and political order. In his old age he was celebrated within the USSR.
The fact that in the Soviet Union he was eventually identified with the school of “Socialist Realism” may have harmed his reputation in the West. This is a pity because western prejudice may have COURAGE
The fact is that Repin painted some of the most exciting, original and paintings of his age. “Party”, “They Did Not AMBITION Expect Him” and “Reply of the Zaporochian Cossacks” are just a few of his many masterpieces, many art lovers from looking closely at Repin’s work.
However, I personally believe that his greatest contribution to the history of art lies in his fabulous portraits. They are closer in style to great masters such as Rembrandt. EUROPE
They are filled sometimes with, sometimes with TENSE humour. Sometimes it as if they actually tell stories with flashing eyes, a knowing look, the hint of a smile and amazing contrasts between shades of light and dark. In my opinion, Repin was THE painter of his age.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 11
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Famous British Painters
A survey to establish the most famous British of ART all time resulted in Constable, Turner and Gainsborough being placed in the top 3. But let’s face it: the UK never reached the global premier league of artists. These don’t really have the renown of Da Vinci, Van Gogh, Renoir or Picasso!
To be honest I am not that impressed by British painting up until the end of the 19th Century (20th Century and contemporary British art is another story). But with one exception: NOTE
J. M.W. Turner.
He used a chromatic or coloured palette. This means for example his “greys” would be coloured with shades of olive, SMOKE khaki or moss. One could say there is an orchestration of colours within colour.
Turner loved to paint storms, fires and catastrophes. He admitted to a fascination with natural phenomena — sunlight, storm, rain and fog. He was especially drawn to the power of the VIOLENCE
Sea.
One famous story (for which the evidence is SAD insufficient) is that he would go to sea in a storm, tie himself to the mast and paint away as the wind and spray tossed him around.
The paint on his latest work is so thin that you can see through it. It creates a shimmering, atmospheric effect in which it is hard to separate the objects painted from their. Some have argued that Turner (1775-1851) was the grandfather of the Impressionist school.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 12
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Religion in the UK
The 2001 Census counted 170 distinct religions practiced in the
UK. The results reflected the complex and multicultural make up of modern Britain. But how the results are is BELIEVE unclear.
Less than half recorded they believe in a God, yet about 72% told that they were Christian, and 66% that they had no actual to any religion or church. The figures of course make no sense.
Between 1979 and 2005, half of all Christians in the UK stopped going to church on a Sunday. Religion in Britain has suffered an immense decline since the 1950s, and all show that INDICATE
The trend will continue.
, sociologists state that if they count heads and ask about beliefs, more people say they belong to a religion, and say they have the beliefs of a particular religion, than actually do.
People tend to over-state their own religiosity; that’s why statistics from polls will often give higher percentages of ‘believers’ than will head-counting and theoretically deeper
The British sense of humour emerged in the results
When, after an internet campaign, 390000 recorded their religion as “Jedi Knight”. Perhaps predictably some are arguing that the numbers prove this is now an official UK religion.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 13
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New Tourism in France
France is one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations. To
Bll |
Most people perhaps, the of France lies in her GREAT |
Art and culture. But for the more __________________________ tourists there is a ADVENTURE |
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B12 |
Different side to France that will reward all who make the journey. Surprisingly enough, old factories and plants have become to French tourism. In France, every IMPORTANCE |
B13 |
Year, no fewer than 1400 companies, heritage museums or industrial sites draw 20 million visitors. It is the giants of the food and GENERAL |
B14 |
Agricultural industry together with the traditional crafts that |
Have the most appeal. With attractions such as the 17th century Strasbourg breweries |
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And the Millau Viaduct (the highest road bridge in the world) |
___________________ tourism has become a flourishing sector. INDUSTRY Whether it is sugared almonds or cast iron dishes, Reblochon |
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Blβ |
Cheese, beer making or sparkling French crystal — many people are fascinated by the_________________________________ of how things are made. REAL |
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 14
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Uncle Flynn was married to Mum’s sister — Aunty Flo. their names were Terry and Florence but for some forgotten reason everyone called them Flynn and Flo. They insisted that I too call them Flynn and Flo — not Uncle and Aunt.
my earliest memories of Flynn were not happy ones. HONEST He always seemed cranky and bad tempered. He would often sit in the dining room or lounge staring out of the window or reading the paper.
He hated idle conversation and was most difficult when there were lots of in our house. He did not find socialising VISIT
Easy. He seemed awkward and embarrassed.
It was better when just Flynn and Flo came to visit CERTAIN but best of all when Flynn, would arrive on his own, and take me to the park. These were special days for me: Amongst the happiest of my childhood.
Being in the park with Flynn was simply wonderful. He ran around with me as if he too were a child. We kicked a ball around, or played some energetic game or other. But we’d also relax and he’d tell me amazing stories OCCASION that he made up himself.
Crowds were the problem for Flynn. In a full room he would always argue, and generally be poor company. But in AGREE A small group — two or three people — he could charm the birds from the trees.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 15
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Moscow State University
One of the oldest Russian institutions of higher education, Moscow University was established in 1755. In 1940 it was named after Academician Mikhail Lomonosov (1711-1765), an outstanding Russian, who greatly SCIENCE contributed to the establishment of the university in Moscow.
From the very beginning elitism was alien to the very spirit of the University community. The Decree Elizaveta Petrovna signed stated that the university was to educate commoners; it was the academic of a student that mattered, not his ACHIEVE social position or family background.
In the late part of XVIII century there were only three noblemen among the 26 professors at Moscow University, most of the students were commoners too. The best students were sent to continue their education abroad, establishing the contacts with the international community. SCIENCE
Originally tuition at Moscow University was free for all students.
Later only poor students were exempt from tuition fees. The state funding did not cover all the University expenses; thus the administration had to find ways to raise funds. ADD
The University was partly funded by its patrons, such as the rich merchants of the Demidov and Stroganov families and some others, who donated laboratory, books, various EQUIP collections and established scholarships for University students.
University alumni supported their alma mater through hard times
Raising money by public. University professors SUBSCRIBE traditionally bequeathed to the University library their private book collections.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 16
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London, New York and Moscow
London, New York and Moscow are my favourite cities in the world. I am lucky enough to have spent a amount of time living and working in each. Having to choose one would be
POSSIBLE
I love these cities and it would be like asking to say which your favourite child is. But that is not to say they are. DISTINGUISH They have different characters, moods and of course different qualities.
I am English, generations of my family were born in London and unquestionably the longest period of my working life was in this City. It is full of history, fabulous and beautiful BUILD parks.
But London, in terms of sheer energy, bustle and buzz cannot come close to New York. Just walking the streets is exciting. If you could smell and taste optimism this would be the place to breathe it all in.
But over the last 10 or 15 years Moscow has won my heart. These have been years of constant change and reinvention. Moscow has also, arguably, become the new capital of the planet. CULTURE
But if I am honest it is not the wide streets, or the admittedly architecture that most excites me. It is the people. Moscow seems to be really welcoming to most foreigners. I for one feel completely at home in the city.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 17
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King Henry VIII is probably the most famous monarch in British history. He was not just an overweight tyrant.
As a young man he was educated in the classics, fluently spoke several languages and studied philosophy.
These aspects somehow became in the recounting of
His history. Everyone spoke only about his tyranny.
But as a young man he travelled throughout his. He was an able athlete, he hunted and danced.
He also wrote prose and poetry, but his real passion was music. Not many people realise that he actually wrote some pieces of music.
He collected many different types of flute and whistles, trumpets, trombones and even bagpipes. He wasn’t so much interested in rare and musical instruments as he was in orchestration.
Although some scholars may, others believe Henry VHI to be the father of the modern orchestra.
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 18
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Dangerous routines
I Bii |
There is no question now about how ________________________ the Development of computer games has changed our world. New games and systems are marketed so aggressively that although TV viewing hours are stable, _____________________________ “playing |
DRAMATIC |
ADD |
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Hours” continue to grow noticeably. There is widespread agreement among experts that the new generation is developing new routines that might prove really |
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Lack of physical exercise is a major outcome of the new screen culture. Unless kids are___________________________ about football or some real (rather than virtual) game, they might face serious health problems. Another drawback of screen led routine is that homework suffers. It has reached the stage that even the |
PASSION |
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I B14 [B15. |
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__________________ is worried. There is clearly no easy answer. |
GOVERN |
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[Йе |
But we need to convince the kids of today to create and healthy routines or the future will not look |
HELP |
Too good for them. |
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 19
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Boarding schools A boarding school is when the pupils sleep, eat and work in or near the school grounds. A typical modern fee-charging boarding school has several separate houses, either RESIDENCE Within the school grounds or in the neighborhood of the school. Pupils generally need______________________ to go outside defined PERMIT |
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I Bii |
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School boundaries, they may be allowed to venture further at |
Certain times. A number of senior teaching staff are appointed as housemasters And housemistresses. They take quasi-parental ___________________ for perhaps 50 pupils resident in their RESPONSE House, at all times but particularly outside school hours. In some schools each house has pupils of all ages, in which case there is usually a Prefect system, which gives older pupils limited authority and some privileges together with for the ACCOUNTABLE Welfare of the younger ones. In others, separate houses accommodate needs of different years |
|
В13 |
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∣B14 |
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Or classes. Houses readily develop distinctive characters and a |
_______ rivalry between houses is often encouraged in sport. HEALTH Houses usually include study-bedrooms or dormitories, a dining room or refectory where pupils take meals at fixed times, and a library, hall or cubicles where pupils can do their homework. |
|
В16 |
Houses may also have common rooms for television and |
__________ , kitchens for snacks, and perhaps computer, RELAX ping-pong or billiards rooms. Some facilities may be shared between several houses. |
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 20
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LbiiJ |
Vitaly Ginzburg Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg (1916 — 2009) was a theoretical _________ , Nobel Laureate and a со-founder of the hydrogen PHYSICS bomb. He was a Muscovite and graduated from Moscow State in 1938. |
I B12 I |
τι. ∙ 1л к „т л +u ACHIEVE His _______________ include the Ginzburg-Landau theory (superconductivity) and a theory on the origin of cosmic radiation amongst others. His opposition to Trofim Lysenko also paved the way to the re-emergence of Genetic Science in Russia. |
⅛13j |
His life was not short of drama either. In 1946 he married Nina Yermakova after she spent a year in jail on charges of attempting to assassinate Stalin. It is not to assume he REASONABLE Was a brave man! |
⅛4j |
Ginzburg identified himself as a “secular” Jew who didn’t believe in God. But he was very active in campaigning against prejudice and also an supporter of the State of Israel.________________ ENTHUSIAM |
⅛5j |
A militant atheist — he criticised clericalism and wrote several books related to the issues of religion and atheism. His verbal attacks on the Russian Orthodox Church provoked fury and._________________ INDIGNANT |
I Bie I |
Despite all the controversy, when he died in 2009, President Medvedev wrote he was “the top figure of our time in physics, whose discoveries had a huge impact on the development of and world science”. NATION |
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Homework: Homework or home assignment is a set of tasks assigned by the teacher to the students to be completed at home or outside the classroom. The basic idea of the invention of homework was to retain the topics studied in the class by the students. Homework nurtures many abilities of the students like their time management skills and also their ability to complete the given task in a given time frame. Homework also helps the parents to keep updated about what is happening in the class.
Students can also find more Advantages and Disadvantages articles on events, persons, sports, technology, and many more.
Homework is a way to teach the students to learn to work independently. Homework was introduced as a punishment for the students who didn’t complete their work on time or who were disobedient to the teacher but later on it became practice as there were many positive changes being seen in the students. Nowadays, it is frequently used practice all over the world.
Homework is an assignment or a set of assignments assigned by the teacher to the students which are to be done or completed outside the school premises or classroom. The purpose of homework when it was introduced was to be use it as a punishment for the lazy or disobedient students but now it has taken a different meaning.Now, it is assigned to the students to improve or enhance their knowledge about a particular topic or subject.Homework or home assignments aim to benefit the children as they acquire a more comprehensive knowledge about the subject.Homework also helps to build a healthy relation and communication between the child and the parents as they have a common topic to discuss and share their views. It also keeps the parent updated about the learnings his/her child is getting at the school.
- Advantages of Homework
- Disadvantages of Homework
- Comparison Table for Advantages and Disadvantages of Homework
- FAQ’s on Advantages And Disadvantages Of Homework
Advantages of Homework
- Homework helps a student to maintain the discipline of practice as we all know that Practice makes a man perfect. Doing a topic repeatedly increases the understanding of the topic and thus he gets to understand the importance of practice.
- It also makes the child more aware of his time management skills. Homework is to be completed within a set deadline, so it pushes the child to finish the given work within the deadline and increase his time management skills.
- Homework act as a communication link between the child, the teacher and the parents. It makes a teacher and parent understand how the child prefers to learn and what are his learning abilities.Also, parents get to know about what their child is learning at school.
- Some children are hesitant by nature, so they are not comfortable to learn or express their views in a classroom. Homework acts as a boon for such students as they can work and think independently in the comfort of their home thus accelerating their knowledge.
- For effectively completing the homework, a child need to have a comprehensive knowledge about the topic which pushes him to take help from the libraries or the internet. This increases their understanding about the usage of such tools.
- Being regular at doing homework, helps the children to discover the habit of revising a topic. It makes them understand that it is necessary to revise as it saves their time during exams.
- Every child is not the same so is their learning and grasping power. It is not necessary that the child has completely understood the topic at school.homework helps such children to revise and comprehend the topic at home where they can have a deeper knowledge and understanding of the same.
Disadvantages of Homework
- We all have a variety of subjects at school so it is not possible for the child to complete the homework of all the subjects as it will lead to a mental pressure on the child and he will not be able to focus on anything.
- It affects physical and mental health of a child as it is very difficult to spend so many hours on studies and if forced makes him unmotivated and frustrated.
- Homework is an essential part of being a good learner but excessive of it can have an adverse effect on the child like not being socially and emotionally active.
- It also hampers the time a child gets for the extracurricular activities because the time he gets will be spent on completing the homework.
- The child gets to spend a very less time with his family and friends thus hampering his emotional development which is very crucial for his future and physical growth. They also feel isolated and dejected.
- Doing the work at home, makes the parents get involved in the child’s work which can make him dependent on the parents everytime he is doing the work. This will result in slipping of grades and knowledge as well.
- Too much of homework also results in less active or practical learning and more of book learning. What a person can learn practically stays with him for the lifetime so it is necessary to have an active knowledge about the same.
- It is a major reason of stress and anxiety in the children’s lives. When a child is not able to finish homework on time he suffers from anxiety and stress due to the fear of punishment from the teacher.
Comparison Table for Advantages and Disadvantages of Homework
A child develops better time and study management skills. | Homework can cause tension and stress in the child at home as well as school as they feel burdened. |
It also provides an insight into the child’s progress and knowledge to the parents. | It results in lack of sleep,headaches, and weight loss among the children. |
In the comfort of their home, a child can study without any distractions and disturbance. | Homework also is a wastage of time because it takes the enjoyment and leisure hours out of the child’s routine. |
It acts as a progress tracker of the child to the teacher as they can track which child is struggling with the studies. | Spending excessive time on homework cuts down the precious family time which is a necessity for the healthy progress of a child. |
FAQ’s on Advantages And Disadvantages Of Homework
Question 1.
Why is homework important for the students?
Answer:
Homework is important for the progress of the students as they get to revise the topic which they have learned at the school thus enhancing their knowledge and it also bulbs a healthy habit of self- study.
Question 2.
Is homework good for your brain?
Answer:
Homework promotes a deeper knowledge about the subject and to achieve that the student must make use of the advanced educational techniques and this results in a more consolidated memory.
What is homework? Should it always be done in writing, or can it be oral? Is it ______ connected with the information and tasks from the text books?
24.Образуйте от слова GREAT однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
New Tourism in France
France is one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations. To most people perhaps, the ______ of France lies in her art and culture.
25.Образуйте от слова APPRENTICE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Repin
Ilya Yefimovich Repin was born in Kharkov, Ukraine in 1844. Aged 22, after an ______ that covered icon painting and portraiture, he was admitted as a student to the Imperial Academy of Arts in St Petersburg.
26.Образуйте от слова POPULAR однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
The Old Theatre
For years the old town theatre was a failure. It was very expensive but not comfortable, and most of the plays performed were ______ .
27.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово POPULATE так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
UK: Conservation and Environment
Going for a walk is the most popular leisure activity in Britain. Despite its high __________________ density and widespread urbanization, the UK has many unspoilt rural and coastal areas.
28.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово CONSERVE так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Cyberspace communication
Nowadays most of us go to our computers to connect with friends instead of using our phones. Cyberspace relationships have become the norm for many people, even the most ____________ ones.
29.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово FINAL так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
History of animated cartoons
Cartoon animation has a long history. A cartoon is made by drawing many pictures and showing them one after another so quickly that the pictures ______________ seem to move. The most prominent of animated cartoons were made by Walt Disney.
30.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово THANKFUL так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
When was the parachute invented?
Have you ever felt like jumping out of a plane? Plenty of people have, but _____________ most of them did it after parachutes had been invented.
31.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SUCCESS так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Great Britain at the 2012 London Olympics
This is certainly the greatest Games for Britain in more than a century, and realistically the greatest ever. The British were more ______________ only once in 1908, in London, when a third of all the competitors were from the UK.
32.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SCIENCE так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Chemistry or no chemistry
I was planning a career in biology but was not looking forward to taking chemistry in my first year at Carleton University in Ottawa. However, the professor of chemistry was a famous ____________.
33.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово DOMINATE так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
London Olympics
How has London 2012 changed the sporting map of the world? The United States won the highest number of gold medals and the most medals in total, with China dropping to second place on the medals table after unprecedented _____________ at their home Olympics in Beijing four years ago.
34.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BEGIN так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Famous inventions stories
Have you ever wondered how the most famous inventions were created? From the ____________ of time, humans everywhere have been inventing.
35.Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово INVENT так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Morse Code
Before phones, computers, and telegraphs were invented, messages would take months or even years to reach their destination. Samuel Morse was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, in April 1791, not knowing that he would be a famous ____________.
36.Образуйте от слова ROME однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
English Heritage
English Heritage is a public body within the British Government that looks after historic sites. History is all around us — not just in museums, beautiful castles, stately homes or __________________ ruins.
37.Образуйте от слова AMERICA однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
English Heritage
Today children love to buy pens and pencils which come in all shapes and colours in stationary shops. But in early
_______________ schools students used a quill pen and ink to write. Since these schools did not have many supplies, children often had to make their own ink at home.
38.Образуйте от слова BUILD однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
The heart of Bangkok
Bangkok is the capital of Thailand. Its numerous high-rise __________________, heavy traffic congestion, intense heat and naughty nightlife may not immediately give you the best impression.
39.Образуйте от слова TROPIC однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Критерии оценивания ответа на задание С4 | Баллы |
Вопросы 1—5 | |
Вопрос по содержанию отвечает поставленной задаче; имеет правильную грамматическую форму прямого вопроса; возможные фонетические и лексические погрешности не затрудняют восприятия | 1 |
Вопрос не задан, или заданный вопрос по содержанию не отвечает поставленной задаче И/ИЛИ не имеет правильной грамматической формы прямого вопроса И/ИЛИ фонетические и лексические ошибки препятствуют коммуникации. |
0 |
Максимальное количество баллов | 5 |
Study the advertisement.
You are considering visiting a museum and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1) location of the museum
2) special offers
3) number of exhibitions
4) working hours
5) tickets for kids
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
What is homework? Should it always be done in writing, or can it be oral? Is it (NECESSARY) connected with the information and tasks from the text books?
Homework refers to any work or (ACTIVE) that students are asked to do outside the classroom, either on their own or with other students or parents.
Sometimes it is based on comparatively simple drill exercises, sometimes it involves (HIGH) challenging tasks, project or research work aimed at integrating skills and knowledge from different subject areas.
Research indicates that schools in which homework is (ROUTINE) assigned and systemically assessed tend to have higher achieving students, as learning is not confined to the schoolroom environment.
Homework appropriately designed and well balanced is able to enhance self-discipline and good study habits; to develop students’ (DEPENDE) and initiative.
It can also provide an opportunity to revise or complete classroom work, thus reinforcing what has been taught, to provide regular feedback on the students’ progress in learning and raise
(ACADEMY) skills and standards. Parents who are concerned with their kids’ homework get an opportunity to become engaged in the education of their children.
Задание составлено на основе пособия «Практикум по английскому языку» Е.Н. Соловова, John Parsons, «Центр изучения английского языка Елены Солововой», Москва, 2011
Задание № 2683
Advantages of a regular homework
NecessaryWhat is homework? Should it always be done in writing, or can it be oral? Is it ___ connected with the information and tasks from the text books?
Показать ответ
Комментарий: По переводу требуется наречие, которое образуется с помощью суффикса -ly.
Ответ: necessarily
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Раздел 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A Dana has been very successful recently.
B Ken is going to tell Dana some important information.
C Dana is looking for the job at the moment.
D Dana’s promotion came through quite unexpectedly.
E Dana didn’t get a raise in her salary.
F Ken is getting married in two weeks.
G Dana is surprised to hear that her friend is getting married.
Утверждение
Соответствие диалогу
Вы услышите рассказ популярной американской певицы о её карьере. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3
The narrator says she started to write songs
1) when she was ten.
2) because she could not talk.
3) because it was the best way to express her feelings.
Ответ: .
4
According to the narrator,
1) she could afford to have a recording studio.
2) her family was not well off.
3) she bought Christmas presents for her friends.
Ответ: .
5
The narrator returned to Texas because
1) her apartment burnt down.
2) she had got several college music scholarships.
3) a friend told her about the American Idol audition in Dallas.
Ответ: .
6
Looking back on the show, the narrator says that
1) few people really believed she could win.
2) the members of the crew were not at all supportive.
3) everyone was supporting her.
Ответ: .
7
The narrator thinks that
1) she ought to become thinner.
2) she could serve as a role model for young girls.
3) girls should not live up to their idols.
Ответ: .
8
The narrator dreams of
1) touring the world.
2) having a permanent relationship.
3) staying single.
Ответ: .
9
The narrator considers herself
1) to be a celebrity.
2) practical and sensible.
3) honest and sincere.
Ответ: .
Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ
10
Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. The Best Way of Learning
2. Key Factor in Learning
3. Linguistic Interference
4. Universal Language
5. Online Learning
6. Language Extinction
7. Learning by Imitation
8. Sign Language
A. Young children have a genetic ability to learn language. They come into the world as eager learning machines, and language acquisition is a major aspect of this learning. How children actually learn language is not entirely clear, however. Most linguists believe that they do it primarily by listening to and trying to communicate with adult speakers. Initially, this means that they copy the way adults use words and grammar.
B. Learning a second or third language is easier in early childhood than later. It is particularly important to learn correct pronunciation as young as possible. At any age, learning by constant contact with native speakers in their own society is the quickest and the most effective method. It is superior to taking foreign language classes because it forces you to concentrate on it all of the time.
C. Learning a second language can be affected by the patterns of the first language. There can be some blending of phonemes. For instance, most Americans who learn French in high school or college pronounce French words with a distinctive American accent. Grammar can also be affected. English speakers who learn both French and Spanish sometimes combine grammatical rules of both when speaking either of them.
D. Until just a few years ago, language study was limited to the classroom or personal tutor, or home study by book. In the last few decades technology has given us a much needed audio option — first vinyl records, then cassettes and CDs. Now technology has given us a new format — the Internet. Options to learn a language by Internet are still limited but the potential is not.
E. What is important when learning a language? If you have the desire and persistence, time is the only factor that you may have to work with. How much time you can devote to learning will play a role in how quickly you can learn the language. Just remember how exciting it will be and how rewarding you will feel at the accomplishment.
F. Rather than have businessmen, diplomats, scientists and tourists from every country learning all the major languages that they want to learn or need to learn, Esperantists would have everyone just learn one second language — Esperanto. Then everyone could communicate with everyone, everywhere. The major ‘national’ languages could keep their special characteristics for anyone who wanted to learn them. This is the essence of the ‘Esperanto Movement’.
G. More than half of the world’s 7,000 languages are expected to die out by the end of the century, often taking with them irreplaceable knowledge about the natural world. When a species dies out, sometimes fossils can be found, remains uncovered. But when a human language disappears, there’s rarely any key left behind. Each loss becomes a linguistic black hole, where an entire way of knowing the world disappears.
11
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.
A constitution may be defined as the system of fundamental principles according to A ____________. A good example of a written constitution is the Constitution of the United States, formed in 1787.
The Constitution sets up a federal system with a strong central government. Each state preserves its own independence by reserving to itself certain well-defined powers such as education, taxes and finance, internal communications, etc. The powers B ____________ are those dealing with national defence, foreign policy, the control of international trade, etc.
Under the Constitution power is also divided among the three branches of the national government. The First Article provides for the establishment of the legislative body, Congress, and defines its powers. The second does the same for the executive branch, the President, and the Third Article provides for a system of federal courts.
The Constitution itself is rather short, it contains only 7 articles. And it was obvious in 1787 C ____________. So the 5th article lays down the procedure for amendment. A proposal to make a change must be first approved by two-thirds majorities in both Houses of Congress and then ratified by three quarters of the states.
The Constitution was finally ratified and came into force on March 4, 1789. When the Constitution was adopted, Americans were dissatisfied D ____________. It also recognized slavery and did not establish universal suffrage.
Only several years later, Congress was forced to adopt the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, E ____________. They guarantee to Americans such important rights and freedoms as freedom of press, freedom of religion, the right to go to court, have a lawyer, and some others.
Over the past 200 years 26 amendments have been adopted F ____________. It provides the basis for political stability, individual freedom, economic growth and social progress.
- which are given to a Federal government
- because it did not guarantee basic freedoms and individual rights
- but the Constitution itself has not been changed
- so it has to be changed
- which a nation or a state is constituted and governed
- which were called the Bill of Rights
- that there would be a need for altering it
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
That summer an army of crickets started a war with my father. They picked a fight the minute they invaded our cellar. Dad didn’t care for bugs much more than Mamma, but he could tolerate a few spiders and assorted creepy crawlers living in the basement. Every farm house had them. A part of rustic living, and something you needed to put up with if you wanted the simple life.
He told Mamma: ‘Now that we’re living out here, you can’t be jerking your head and swallowing your gum over what’s plain natural, Ellen.’ But she was a city girl through and through and had no ears when it came to defending vermin. She said a cricket was just a noisy cockroach, just a dumb horny bug that wouldn’t shut up. No way could she sleep with all that chirping going on! Then to prove her point she wouldn’t go to bed. She drank coffee and smoked my father’s cigarettes and she paced between the couch and the TV. Next morning she threatened to pack up and leave, so Dad drove to the hardware store and hurried back. He squirted poison from a jug with a spray nozzle. He sprayed the basement and all around the foundation of the house. When he had finished, he told us that was the end of it.
But what he should have said was: ‘This is the beginning’. For the next fourteen days Mamma kept finding dead crickets in the clean laundry. She’d shake out a towel or a sheet and a dead black cricket would roll across the linoleum. Sometimes the cat would corner one, and swat it around like he was playing hockey, then carry it away in his mouth. Dad said swallowing a few dead crickets wouldn’t hurt as long as the cat didn’t eat too many.
Soon live crickets started showing up in the kitchen and bathroom. Mamma freaked because she thought they were the dead crickets come back to haunt, but Dad said they were definitely a new batch, probably coming up on the pipes. He fetched his jug of poison and sprayed beneath the sink and behind the toilet and all along the baseboard until the whole house smelled of poison, and then he sprayed the cellar again, and then he went outside and sprayed all around the foundation leaving a foot-wide moat of poison.
For a couple of weeks we went back to finding dead crickets in the laundry. Dad told us to keep a sharp look out. He suggested that we’d all be better off to hide as many as we could from Mamma. I fed a few dozen to the cat who I didn’t like because he scratched and bit for no reason. I hoped the poison might kill him so we could get a puppy. Once in a while we found a dead cricket in the bathroom or beneath the kitchen sink. A couple of weeks later, when both live and dead crickets kept turning up, Dad emptied the cellar of junk. He borrowed Uncle Burt’s pickup and hauled a load to the dump. Then he burned a lot of bundled newspapers and magazines which he said the crickets had turned into nests.
He stood over that fire with a rake in one hand and a garden hose in the other. He wouldn’t leave it even when Mamma sent me out to fetch him for supper. He wouldn’t leave the fire, and she wouldn’t put supper on the table. Both my brothers were crying. Finally she went out and got him herself. And while we ate, the wind lifted some embers onto the wood pile. The only gasoline was in the lawn mower fuel tank but that was enough to create an explosion big enough to reach the house. Once the roof caught, there wasn’t much anyone could do.
After the fire trucks left, I made the mistake of volunteering to stay behind while Mamma took the others to Aunt Gail’s. I helped Dad and Uncle Burt and two men I’d never seen before carry things out of the house and stack them by the road. In the morning we’d come back in Burt’s truck and haul everything away. We worked into the night and we didn’t talk much, hardly a word about anything that mattered, and Dad didn’t offer any plan that he might have for us now. Uncle Burt passed a bottle around, but I shook my head when it came to me. I kicked and picked through the mess, dumb struck at how little there was to salvage, while all around the roar of crickets magnified our silence.
(Adapted from ‘The Cricket War’ by Bob Thurber)
12
A cricket is
1) a small animal.
2) a spider.
3) an insect.
4) a game.
Ответ: .
13
Mamma threatened to pack up and leave because
1) she had smoked all cigarettes.
2) she had not got used to rustic living.
3) she could not put up with crickets.
4) she was a city girl through and through.
Ответ: .
14
After Dad had sprayed the basement and all around the foundation of the house,
1) the family were constantly coming across dead crickets.
2) the family kept seeing live crickets everywhere.
3) the dead crickets came back to haunt.
4) all crickets disappeared.
Ответ: .
15
The narrator fed the cat with crickets because
1) the cat was hungry.
2) he would like to have another pet.
3) he wanted to hide crickets from Mamma.
4) Dad told him to do it.
Ответ: .
16
Dad borrowed Uncle Burt’s pickup
1) to fight with crickets.
2) to bring new furniture to the cellar.
3) to throw away newspapers and magazines.
4) to get rid of rubbish.
Ответ: .
17
The house caught fire because
1) Dad left a garden hose near the fire.
2) the wind lifted some papers onto the wood pile.
3) the fuel tank had gone off.
4) there wasn’t much anyone could do.
Ответ: .
18
The narrator was surprised
1) that Dad didn’t offer any plan.
2) when the bottle came to him.
3) that crickets were all around.
4) that there was not much to save from the fire.
Ответ: .
Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.
Обратите внимание, что по правилам ЕГЭ ответы нужно писать без пробелов и других знаков, например, правильный ответ ‘have done’ нужно будет записать как ‘havedone’, иначе ваш ответ не засчитается.
September Mood in England
19
It’s Monday morning and Miss Williams walks into her office. Her holiday is over and she (just) to work.
RETURN
20
She looks brown, relaxed and than usual.
HAPPY
21
The other girls stand round her. ‘Where (you)?’ one of the girls asks.
GO
22
‘Italy, not far from Naples. I enjoyed it very much.’ she answers, happily.
SMILE
23
Her boss, Mr. Wetridge comes in ten minutes later. He looks a bit worried because he about the winter.
THINK
24
Central heating in his house five years ago and now it’s time to have it repaired.
INSTALL
25
Besides, his wife wants him to put in double glazing. But she that to double-glaze all the windows will cost quite a lot of money.
NOT
UNDER-
STAND
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.
Junk Food
26
In today’s world, many people are looking for a quick snack, meal or boost of energy. They choose processed food bars, thinking that they’re a healthy choice.
INCREASE
27
However, most bars contain processed foods which are called ‘junk foods’.
DESIRE
28
They give you a false sense of energy and .
FULL
29
One problem with junk foods is that they’re low in satiation value. Another problem is that junk food tends to other, more nutritious foods.
PLACE
30
It’s the 21st century now and ‘junk food’ has gone . We see it everywhere: in grocery and convenience stores, in fast-food
restaurants and on television.
GLOBE
31
Although junk food is now all over the world, people should be aware of its disadvantages and choose healthier alternatives.
AVAIL
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
The Changing World of Computers
Computers are rapidly changing the way we do things. For a technology that is still relatively new, their 32____ on the business and consumer sector has been incomprehensible. As if it was not sufficient to own one computer, many people nowadays have a few of them. We think we need a desktop computer, a laptop computer, and a bunch of little computers in our phones and music players, even 33____ they actually do the same thing. Now that everybody has their desktops and laptops, and we are all able to 34____ the Internet anytime we want to, our world has turned into a virtual playground. We can now connect with our foreign neighbours in a matter of seconds, 35____ of how far away they are from us. It’s as if we no longer have borders in this highly digital world of ours.
Desktops have always been a great option, but the problem with them is that they are not mobile. They have all the 36____ of other computers, but it can be annoying at times to have to sit in the same spot while working. For businesses and personal offices, desktop computers are still the favoured option because of their power. But when people have to be connected while travelling, the need for laptops really becomes apparent. The main advantage of laptops is the ability to communicate with people no 37____ where you are. Our society has been converted into one that has to have all the latest gadgets. Some people even 38____ down on others if they still have last year’s model of some gadget. Those people will always be behind the curve just because of how fast technology is advancing now.
32
1) affect
2) role
3) impact
4) value
Ответ: .
33
1) though
2) now
3) so
4) as
Ответ: .
34
1) register
2) log
3) connect
4) access
Ответ: .
35
1) regardless
2) regarding
3) in spite
4) despite
Ответ: .
36
1) qualities
2) skills
3) capabilities
4) traits
Ответ: .
37
1) trouble
2) matter
3) doubt
4) problem
Ответ: .
38
1) turn
2) fall
3) come
4) look
Ответ: .
Ваш результат: пока 0.
Далее вы можете набрать еще 40 баллов. Автоматически это проверить нельзя, поэтому сделайте реалистичный прогноз о том, сколько бы вы смогли набрать баллов, и получите ваш итоговый результат ЕГЭ.
Если возник вопрос по ответу, в котором вы ошиблись, можете задать его в комментариях.
Раздел 4. ПИСЬМО
Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend John who writes:
… It’s difficult for me to get on well with my parents. They think that I spend too much time hanging around with my friends so we often argue about it. And what do you do when you disagree with your parents about how you spend your free time? Do you often meet your friends? What do you usually do together?
Oh, I’ve got to go now as I have to meet my sister from her music class. Drop me a line when you can.
Write a letter to John.
In your letter
— answer his questions
— ask 3 questions about his relations with his sister
Write 100 — 140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
За это задание вы можете получить 6 баллов максимум.
Comment on the following statement.
Some people enjoy living in big cities whereas others find such a lifestyle really harmful.
Write 200 — 250 words.
— make an introduction (state the problem)
— express your personal opinion and give 2—3 reasons for your opinion
— express an opposing opinion and give 1—2 reasons for this opposing opinion
— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
— make a conclusion restating your position
За это задание вы можете получить 14 баллов максимум.
Раздел 5. ГОВОРЕНИЕ
— За 1,5 минуты нужно подготовиться и в следующие 1,5 минуты выразительно прочитать текст вслух — 1 балл.
— Составление 5 вопросов на основе ключевых слов. На подготовку отводится 1,5 минуты, затем каждый вопрос надо сформулировать в течение 20 секунд — 5 баллов.
— 3 фотографии. Нужно выбрать 1 и описать ее по предложенному тут же в задании плану за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.
— 2 картинки. Нужно сравнить их, описать сходства и различия, объяснить, почему выбранная тематика близка выпускнику, за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.
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