Christmas in australia and new zealand comes in the middle of their summer егэ

Christmas in Australia

Christmas in Australia and New Zealand comes in the middle of their summer – no white Christmas for them! Most of the time it is blue skies, bright sunshine and temperatures in the eighties (25 C) and above.

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The first official Australian Christmas was celebrated on 25 December 1788 at Sydney Cove by Reverend Johnson. Following the service Arthur Phillips, the Governor, presided over a traditional Christmas meal with his officers ending with a loyal toast to King George III. However, there was no special meal for the convicts – they had to make do with their normal rations of bread.

Preparation for Christmas starts in early December when decorations are put up, including door wreaths, artificial trees and nativity scenes. Christmas cards with designs similar to those found in the UK and US (holly, snow scenes, Dickensian Christmas scenes etc) are sent out to family and friends. In many homes, Christmas cakes and puddings will be baked ready to eat on Christmas Day. In the cities and towns, many shopping centres and stores have their own ‘Santa’ for children to meet.

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Because it is so warm at this time, flowers tend to be the main form of decoration, particularly the native Christmas Bush (a plant which has little red flowered leaves) and Christmas Bell. However, some people do have a real tree with lights and decorations, which are put up just before Christmas Eve.

Christmas carols are played throughout the country – traditional songs such as ‘Once in Royal David’s City’ and ‘Little Town of Bethlehem’ as well as typically Aussie songs such as ‘Six White Boomers’, ‘The North Wind’ and ‘The Carol of the Birds’. Bing Crosby’s ‘White Christmas’ is also popular down under!

‘Carols by Candlelight’ is a tradition which started in 1937. It is held every year on Christmas Eve at the Myer Music Bowl, Melbourne when thousands of people gather to sing their favourite Christmas songs, lighting up the night sky with candles. This is now broadcast throughout the world.

In the run up to Christmas there are many professional and amateur productions of Handel’s Messiah performed throughout country. One version in particular is that presented by Radio Community Chest in Sydney Town Hall – a tradition that has taken place for over 50 years, with proceeds going to those in need. A choir of over 500 is drawn from churches throughout Sydney.

The school summer holidays start a week before Christmas with children being off until after Australia Day on 26 January. This is a time when exams are over and results are eagerly awaited!

Many people will attend the midnight service on Christmas Eve before returning home to wait for Father Christmas/Santa Claus to come and leave presents under tree. Before they go to bed, children leave out a glass of milk or coke for him and some carrots for his reindeer.

Christmas Day is a time for families to get together and exchange gifts before either going to church or having their Christmas lunch. Until recently this would have been a traditional meal of turkey, cranberry sauce, ham, pork and vegetables followed by a flaming Christmas pudding with brandy sauce. However, due to the diversity of cultures within Australia, and the fact that the weather is so hot at this time of year, many people now have cold meat or seafood with salads and it is often taken as a picnic either to the country or to the beach.

In some parts of Australia there is a new tradition beginning to take hold – that of ‘Christmas in July’, which is the coldest month of the year as it is in the middle of their winter. Temperatures are still well above freezing but it is cooler than it is in December! This is when families will gather together and have the traditional Christmas meal together with all the trimmings such as including party hats and streamers.

Boxing Day is a public holiday in Australia and many people either relax and watch the annual Boxing Day Test Match or begin travelling to their holiday destinations. Boxing Day also marks the beginning of the Sydney to Hobart yacht race.

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In Australia, Christmas comes at the beginning of summer holidays! Children have their summer holidays from mid-December to early February, so some people might even be camping at Christmas. Australians hang wreaths on their front doors and sometimes go out carolling on Christmas Eve. People also decorate their houses and gardens with Christmas trees and Christmas lights. Neighbours sometimes have little competitions to see who has got the best light display. As it is the middle of summer in Australia at Christmas time, the words in the carols about snow and cold winter are sometimes changed to special Australian words! When he gets to Australia, Santa gives his reindeer a rest and used kangaroos. He also changed his clothes to less warm ones!

В Австралии Рождество наступает в начале летних каникул! У детей летние каникулы длятся с середины декабря до начала февраля,поэтому многие на Рождество даже могут отправится в путешествие. Австралийцы вешают на входные двери венки и иногда выходят колядовать в сочельник. Дома и сады также украшают рождественскими елями и огоньками. Соседи иногда устраивают небольшие соревнования,чтобы выяснить,у кого лучше подсветка. Поскольку время Рождества приходится на середину лета,слова о снеге и холодной зиме в колядках иногда заменяются на особые австралийские слова! Когда Санта приезжает в Австралию,то даёт отдохнуть своим северным оленям и вместо них использует кенгуру. А также меняет одежду на более лёгкую!

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Задание №13232.
Чтение. ОГЭ по английскому

Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов A — F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1 — 7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа.

1. In what way аге Australian Christmas decorations different?
2. What special dishes are served for Christmas dinner?
3. The name of what dish is connected with Russia?
4. What tradition became an action uniting people?
5. What tradition in Australia has Russian roots?
6. What makes Christmas in Australia different from that in northern countries?
7. Why are Australians more careful than tourists?

A. Christmas in Australia is not like anywhere else! Everything is topsy turvy since December is one of the hottest months of the year. But the Australians have a great time anyway. Those who live near the coast go to the beach on Christmas day. They have a swim, play cricket or volleyball, surf or just sit around with family and friends enjoying Christmas dinner. Santa Claus arrives at Australian beaches on a surfboard — quite a change from sliding down a chimney! And since the weather is hot he often wears a swimsuit or funny baggy shorts. Christmas is a great time for kids and students —it’s the beginning of their summer holidays.

B. Many Christmas decorations and symbols are the same as in Great Britain or the USA: Christmas trees (usually plastic), Dickensian images of turkeys and plum puddings, snow scenes… But among the decorations you can also see toy kangaroos and koala bears in Santa hats or red scarves! And instead of holly and mistletoe the Australians often use local plants — Christmas bush and Christmas bell.

C. As with Christmas anywhere, families have their own traditions. In spite of the heat many Australians still have traditional hot Christmas meal. This usually includes roast turkey and a flaming Christmas pudding with a tasty brandy sauce. Others prefer a more sensible meal of seafood or cold ham, turkey and salads. For tourists with a taste for the unusual, roast emu, crocodile, kangaroo and possum can be found in some Australian restaurants.

D. One unique and excellent Australian dessert is the Pavlova — a light cake made of meringue, cream and fruit. This light, fruity pie is the national dessert of both New Zealand and Australia. (They say it was invented to celebrate Anna Pavlova’s visit to New Zealand in 1926 and Australia in 1929.)

E. Australia is also the home of Carols by Candlelight, a tradition started by Norman Hanks, a radio announcer, in 1937. One day Banks saw a lonely woman listening to a Christmas carol by candlelight. He decided to do something to relieve the loneliness some people felt during the holidays. Today, Carols by Candlelight is held each Christmas Eve and involves tens of thousands of people. They spread blankets on the ground, light their candles and sing Christmas songs together.

F. Tourists tend to celebrate Christmas on the beach and the most popular beach is Sydney’s Bondi Beach Australia — it gets crowded with backpackers and Christmas celebrations which last the whole day. How do we know that they are travellers? Australians don’t bake themselves in the sun anymore, since they’ve become more aware of the risks of skin cancer than they were 20 years ago. There is a large hole in the ozone layer above Australia and New Zealand, which is why the sun here is so dangerous. When you see a beach full of sunbakers like on the photo here, it means the beach is mainly full of tourists.

Текст	A	B	C	D	E	F
Вопрос

Решение:
В тексте A содержится ответ на вопрос 6 (What makes Christmas in Australia different from that in northern countries? — Что отличает Рождество в Австралии от Рождества в северных странах?): «Christmas in Australia is not like anywhere else!»

В тексте B содержится ответ на вопрос 1 (In what way аге Australian Christmas decorations different? — Чем отличаются австралийские рождественские украшения?): «… you can also see toy kangaroos and koala bears in Santa hats…»

В тексте C содержится ответ на вопрос 2 (What special dishes are served for Christmas dinner? — Какие особые блюда подаются на рождественский ужин?): «This usually includes roast turkey and…»

В тексте D содержится ответ на вопрос 3 (The name of what dish is connected with Russia? — Название какого блюда связано с Россией?): «… is the Pavlova. They say it was invented to celebrate Anna Pavlova’s visit…»

В тексте E содержится ответ на вопрос 4 (What tradition became an action uniting people? — Какая традиция стала мероприятием, объединяющим людей?): «They spread blankets on the ground, light their candles…»

В тексте F содержится ответ на вопрос 7 (Why are Australians more careful than tourists? — Почему австралийцы осторожнее туристов?): «Australians don’t bake themselves in the sun anymore, since they’ve become more aware of…»

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Источник: ОГЭ-2021. 10 тренировочных вариантов. Л. М. Гудкова, О. В. Терентьева

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In New Zealand, like its neighbor Australia, Christmas comes in the middle of the summer holidays. So, as well as present-buying and parties, families are preparing for trips to the beach.

Christmas festivities begin in late November, when schools and church groups present Nativity plays. They sing carols throughout the month of December. Families decorate their homes with ferns, palm leaves, and evergreens, along with the colorful flowers that bloom in summer called Christmas bush and Christmas bellflower. Some families put up a Christmas tree.

On Christmas Eve, people attend Christmas mass and on Christmas Day all families and close friends gather together from all over Australia and New Zealand for a Christmas midday dinner. As it is usually quite warm on Christmas Day, New Zealanders and Australians can eat their Christmas dinner outside. People usually have a picnic or a barbecue on the beach. Most families enjoy a traditional British Christmas dinner of roast turkey or ham and rich plum pudding doused in brandy and set aflame before it is brought to the table. The person who gets the favor baked inside will enjoy good luck all year round. In New Zealand some people have a traditional Maori hangi: they dig a hole in the ground and heat it with hot stones. Then they put meat and vegetables into this hole, cover the hole and let the food cook inside. The hangi is served in the afternoon or evening; after the delicious meal, people often sit around and sing Christmas carols.

Some New Zealanders can’t get enough of Christmas–they celebrate it twice each year: on 25 December and in July, which is mid-winter in the country. So if you go to New Zealand in July, you may find hotels and restaurants fully decorated for Christmas.

The Christmas gift giving is a popular aspect of winter holiday season in Australia and New Zealand. Christmas gifts are usually wrapped in red, green or festive wrapping paper and placed under a Christmas tree, to be opened on Christmas morning. For children, a Christmas stocking is an early-morning treat; filled with small gifts from Father Christmas, the stocking is traditionally hung at the end of the child’s bed or from the mantelpiece above the fireplace.

Personal Christmas gifts to Australia or New Zealand may include any items according to the recipient’s taste. But when choosing a business Christmas gift, it’s important to avoid highly personal and expensive items that may be perceived as bribes. Gourmet baskets filled with items unique to your home region is a great choice as well as high-quality Wine/Champagne baskets and snack or fruit baskets suitable for big companies. Imported Chocolate baskets and romantic gift boxes with plush toys and flowers are perfect for women and children and as a romantic gift.

Approach the selection of the Christmas gifts for your dear ones and business associates with all the responsibility and don’t forget that your thoughtful choice is considered more important than the actual content of the gift!

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In Australia, Christmas comes in the towards the beginning of the summer holidays! Children have their summer holidays from mid December to early February, so some people might even be camping at Christmas.

Because it’s so hot at Christmas time in Australia, there are quite often massive bush fires across the country. Many volunteer bush fire fighters are involved in saving people and property and travel from all over Australia to help in other states.

Some Australians hang wreaths on their front doors and some people will also go out Christmas carol singing on Christmas Eve. People also decorate their houses and gardens with Christmas Trees and Christmas lights. Neighbors sometimes have little competitions to see who has got the best light display. The neighbors often visit each other to look at the light displays at night. Sometimes the displays are put out as early as December 1st. One street in Sydney raises over $(AUS)35,000 every year for charity with their co-ordinated street display!

Some Australians also decorate their houses with bunches of ‘Christmas Bush’, a native Australian tree with small green leaves and cream colored flowers. In summer the flowers turn a deep shiny red over a period of weeks (generally by the week of Christmas in Sydney). Poinsettia plants are also popular plants used as decorations.

Another speculator tree which might be in flower at Christmas in Australia is the jacaranda. It has bright blue/purple flowers. Depending on where you live in Australia, it can flower from October into December. If you’re really lucky you might see birds like lorikeets and rosellas, which make it even more colorful!

In each State capital city there is a large Carols by Candlelight service. Famous Australian singers like The Wiggles, John Farnham, Anthony Warlow, Colin Gery, Niki Webster and many more help to sing the carols. These carol services, held in different cities, are broadcast on TV across Australia. There are also huge Christmas pageants in each state capital city, that are also broadcast across the country. Most towns and cities have festivals and parades. In some places, there is a fireworks display at the local park.

Many towns, cities and schools also hold their own Carols by Candlelight services, with local bands and choirs sometimes helping to perform the Christmas Carols and songs. As it is the middle of Summer in Australia at Christmas time, the words to the Carols about snow and the cold winter are sometimes changed to special Australian words! There are also some original Australian Carols.

When he gets to Australia, Santa sometimes gives the reindeers a rest and might use kangaroos. He also changes his clothes for less ‘hot’ ones! Children often leave out carrots for Santa’s reindeer and there might be some cake for Santa, with some cold beer but it’s often non-alcoholic because Santa has to drive his sleigh.

Presents are normally exchanged between families on Christmas Day.

On Boxing Day most people go and visit their friends and often have barbecues at the beach. A famous Yacht race from Sydney to Hobart in Tasmania is also held on Boxing Day. Another Boxing Day tradition is the Boxing Day Cricket Test Match. It starts every year on Boxing Day and is held at the MCG (Melbourne Cricket Ground).

The Flying Doctor Service has to work all though-out Christmas. On Christmas Day the people who live in the outback send Christmas greetings to each other over the radio network.

Most families try to be home together for Christmas and the main meal is normally eaten at lunch time. Most people now have a cold Christmas dinner, or a barbecue with seafood such as prawns and lobsters along with the ‘traditional english’ food. On Christmas Eve, fish-markets are often full of people queuing to buy their fresh seafood for Christmas day. Some people like to have the ‘traditional’ Christmas Pudding but there might also be cold desserts like pavlova and trifle.

Australians often have Christmas Crackers at Christmas meal times.

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