Задание №8943.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A — F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1 — 7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя.
City of fountains
Peterhof is a monument of world architecture and palace and park art. Peterhof includes a palace and park ensemble of the 18-19th centuries, ___ (A). Peterhof is a city of fountains as it contains 173 fountains and 4 cascades ___ (B). Each year up to 3 million people come here to enjoy the splendour of numerous fountains and the unique parks of Peterhof.
The name Peterhof was first mentioned in 1705. It was a coastal manor, close to which the construction of a grand country residence began. The original plan belonged to Peter the Great. After the brilliant victory of Russian troops over the Swedes, security of St. Petersburg both from the land ___ (C. Since that time, the construction of the Peterhof residence grew immensely in scope.
According to the plan of Peter the Great, on the one hand, Peterhof was meant to be equal in splendour with the most famous royal residences in Europe, ___ (D) to access the Baltic Sea. Both were successfully done. The Great Palace was built on a natural hill here, ___ (E). Following the plan of Peter the Great, ___ (F), the Grand Cascade with the famous Samson fountain was constructed. This is still one of the most spectacular fountains in the world. In 1990 the palaces and parks of Peterhof were included in the list of the world heritage of UNESCO.
1. and from the sea has been firmly ensured
2. which is a former royal countryside residence
3. who designs many royal residences in Europe
4. and then rebuilt in the baroque style in the 18th century
5. who wanted to decorate the main entrance with waterfalls
6. that are located in the park on the coast of the Gulf of Finland
7. and on the other hand, to become a monument of Russia’s struggle
| A | B | C | D | E | F |
Решение:
Пропуску A соответствует часть текста под номером 2.
Пропуску B соответствует часть текста под номером 6.
Пропуску C соответствует часть текста под номером 1.
Пропуску D соответствует часть текста под номером 7.
Пропуску E соответствует часть текста под номером 4.
Пропуску F соответствует часть текста под номером 5.
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Источник: ФИПИ. Открытый банк тестовых заданий
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Peterhof is one of the most beautiful suburbs of Saint-Petersburg located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. The city of Peterhof began with an ensemble of palaces and parks which Emperor Peter I decided to build to overshadow the famous French Versailles.
Peterhof Palace and Sea Channel, view from the sea
Peterhof has one of the world’s largest fountain systems – 147 active fountains. Together with a number of other monuments of Saint-Petersburg, Peterhof forms a unified UNESCO World Heritage Site. Each year, Peterhof is visited by 4.5 million people.
Brief history of Petergof
The name Peterhof comes from German and means “the court of Peter”. Peterhof was founded by Peter I at the very beginning of the 18th century and became one of the most luxurious summer royal residences and a symbol of Russia’s conquest of access to the Baltic Sea.
The French architect Jean-Baptiste Alexander Leblon was appointed by Peter as General-architect. The Italians, such as Bartolomeo Carlo de Rastrelli, Niccolo Michetti, the “fountain masters” Venetians Giovanni and Giuliano Barattini, made a huge contribution to the design of Peterhof. Prussian, Austrian, Dutch, Russian masters also worked in Peterhof.
Under the Empress Elizabeth Petrovna (1709-1762) Peterhof saw its revival. The works at that time were carried out under the direction of Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli (the son of Rastrelli who worked under Peter). The residences were redesigned, Upper Garden was completed, and additional buildings were erected. Rastrelli’s talent turned Petergof into a solemn baroque ensemble.
After the October Revolution of 1917, the palaces were turned into museums. From September 1941 to January 1944 the city was occupied by German troops. As a result of hostilities, the city was almost completely destroyed or burned. About 30 thousand objects of painting, arts and crafts, and sculptures from the palace collections were destroyed or looted. Fountains and water supply system were disabled. More than one third of the whole amount of trees in the ensemble (about 10 thousand) were cut down.
In 1944, Peterhof was renamed to Petrodvorets, as the German name was too hard to perceive against the background of the destruction left by the German army. In the same year, the restoration of the city, its palaces, parks, and the fountain system had began. The scale of destruction was so great that not all objects could be restored. Works on some objects are carried on to this day. In 1997, the city got back its original name.
Peterhof fountain water conduit
It was not by chance that Peter chose this particular area for the construction of fountains: several reservoirs fed by springs from under the ground were found here. To supply the fountains of Peterhof, a special water pipeline was built with a total length of 40 km. On its route there are 18 storage ponds with more than 1.3 million cubic meters of water and occupying an area of almost 100 hectares. In addition, for nearly 300 years, the fountain water conduit has served as a source of drinking water for the population of the city.
The composition of the park ensemble
Peterhof Park is a unified composition in which the palaces, fountains and green alleys are combined together. The composition includes the Upper Garden, the Lower Park, as well as the Peterhof palaces – Grand Palace, Monplaisir and Marly. The overall concept of parks and palaces planning was developed by Peter himself.
Within one article, it is impossible even to briefly describe all the sights of Peterhof. Therefore, here we list the most prominent of them.
A beautiful panorama opens on Peterhof from the sea. On the edge of the natural 16-meter terrace is the Grand Palace, in front of which the Grand Cascade is sparkling with gold.
The Grand Cascade
In front of the cascade, the most powerful jet of the fountain “Samson tearing the lion’s mouth” soars upward. According to the original plan, the figure of Hercules conquering the Lernaean hydra was supposed to be in the center of the Grand Cascade. It is believed that the figure of Samson appeared in connection with the Poltava victory of the Russian troops over the Swedes which happened on the day of Sampson the Wonnie. The lion is associated with Sweden since this symbol is present on the country’s emblem to the present day.
Samson tearing the lion’s mouth
From the Grand Cascade to the sea leads the Sea Channel. The channel divides the Lower Park into two parts – “Western” and “Eastern”.
Sea Channel, view from the Palace.
Among other sightseeings, in the Eastern part are: Monplaisir Palace, the cascade “Chess Mountain”, “Roman Fountains”, and “trick fountains” that unexpectedly splash the visitors.
Monplaisir was the favorite palace of Peter the Great – the interior and exterior of the palace are distinguished by rigor and rationality. After the death of Peter I, the palace turned into a kind of museum dedicated to the emperor – nothing changed here after his death. Presently, the first in Russia collection of paintings by European artists of the 17th-18th centuries is represented in Monplaisir (the paintings were purchased by the emperor himself).
The Roman Fountains are called Roman as their appearance is copied from two fountains installed in Rome, on the square in front of St. Peter’s Cathedral. The height of the fountains is over 10 meters.
Trick fountain “Divanchiki” (“little benches”) is the oldest of all the trick fountains of Peterhof, created in 1721-1723. It is believed that the Peter I himself was working on the draft of the fountain.
Trick fountain Divanchiki in Monplaisir Garden. Source: Wikipedia.
In the western part of the Lower Park there are the Hermitage Pavilion, the Marly Palace, and the “Golden Mountain” cascade.
The Hermitage Pavilion in the Lower park. Source: Wikipedia.
The “Golden Mountain” cascade is named so because the vertical part of the cascade steps is trimmed with gilded copper sheet. If you look at the cascade from below, standing at the foot, you get the impression of a flowing golden stream. It is located near the Marly Palace.
The Marly Palace was named after the residence of the French king Louis XIV in Marly-le-Roi near Paris, which Peter the Great visited during his stay in France in 1717, and was intended to be inhabited by noble people. But already in the middle of the 18th century, it was turned into a sort of repository of objects associated with the name of Peter the Great.
The Marly Palace in the Lower park. Source: Wikipedia.
The Upper Garden, with an area of 15 hectares, was laid out under Peter I. Peter, known for his practical approach to everything, used the garden to grow vegetables. The Upper Garden acquired its modern look only by the second half of the 18th century.
Fountain Neptune in the Upper Garden. Source: Wikipedia.
In the eastern part of the Lower Park there is a fountain “Pyramid”, especially striking in its high-water and amazing pattern. From a distance, it resembles a triumphal structure. Peter the Great drew the idea for this fountain from his trip to France, where he saw a water cannon in the form of a triangular obelisk.
Fountain Pyramid in the Lower Park. Source: Wikipedia.
Conclusion
We have showed you just a tiny part of all the beautiful spots and fountains you can find in Peterhof. When you come to Saint-Petersburg, don’t forget to visit this city of fountains so you can see everything yourself, take gorgeous pictures, and get splashed by the trick fountains. Keep in mind, that the fountains work only in the summer season.
Here are a few tours that might interest you if you plan to visit Peterhof:
You can find all the additional information on the official site of the museum: en.peterhofmuseum.ru
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Peter and Paul Fortress
The Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the history of the fortress.
Since 1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known A_______________________.
The fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B_______________________. The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C_____________________, has remained since the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D_______________________ emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross, E_______________________, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress F_______________________ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.
1. as the day of the birth of St. Petersburg
2. which was designed by D. Trezzini
3. which was the burial place of Russian
4. and reminding of the rich history of the city
5. as the most protected part of the city
6. which is located on the spire of the cathedral
7. that are located at the corners
| Пропуск | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Часть предложения |
Раздел 1. Аудирование
1
1
Вы услышите четыре коротких диалога, обозначенных A, B, C и D. Определите, где происходит каждый из диалогов. Используйте каждое место действия из списка 1-5 только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее место действия. Вы услышите запись дважды. У вас есть 20 секунд, чтобы ознакомиться с заданием.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
1. At the airport
2. At the bank
3. At school
4. In the library
5. On the road
2
2
Вы услышите пять высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-E и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-6. Используйте каждое утверждение из списка 1-6 только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. У вас есть 30 секунд, чтоб ознакомиться с заданием.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
1. Americans are proud of their history.
2. Americans feel very independent from other people.
3. Americans look to the future rather than to the past.
4. Americans don’t think it’s impolite to show their feeling.
5. Americans don’t care very much about dress code.
6. Americans think each person needs his own space.
Вы услышите разговор. В заданиях 3-8 в поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
3
3
Whitney Housten began singing at the age of
1. eight
2. eleven
3. eighteen
4
4
Working as a fashion model W. Housten sang
1. in a local church
2. in nightclubs
3. in the street
5
5
When her first album come out, critics
1. didn’t even notice it
2. gave negative comments
3. praised it unanimously
6
6
Besides her career as a singer and actress, W. Houston dealt with
1. charity
2. restaurant business
3. sport
7
7
W. Houston’s debut as an actress happend in
1. 1985
2. 1989
3. 1992
8
8
W. Houston started to have problems with her voice because of
1. drugs
2. age
3. AIDs
Раздел 2. Чтение
9
9
Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами и их заголовками: к каждому тексту, обозначенному буквами А–G, подберите соответствующий заголовок, обозначенный цифрами 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. Ecological system
2. Mountains formation
3. Geology
4. Social significance
5. Climate
6. Definition of the term
7. Fold mountains
8. Volcanoes
A. A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. Mountains are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism. These forces can locally raise the surface of the earth. Mountains erode slowly through the action of rivers, weather conditions, and glaciers.
B. There are three main types of mountains: volcanic, fold, and block. All three types are formed from plate tectonics: when portions of the Earth’s crust move, crumple, and dive. Surface rock is forced upward, creating a landform higher than the surrounding features. The height of the feature makes it either a hill or, if higher and steeper, a mountain.
C. When the magma reaches the surface, it often builds a volcanic mountain, such as a shield volcano or a stratovolcano. Examples of volcanoes include Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount Pi- natubo in the Philippines. The magma does not have to reach the surface in order to create a mountain: magma that solidifies below ground can still form dome mountains, such as Navajo Mountain in the United States.
D. The whole process causes the surface of mountains to be younger than the rocks that form the mountains themselves. Glacial processes produce characteristic landforms, such as pyramidal peaks, knife-edge aretes, and bowl-shaped cirques that can contain lakes. Plateau mountains, such as the Catskills, are formed because of the chanches of an uplifted plateau.
E. The weather in mountains becomes colder at high elevations, due to the way that the sun heats the surface of the Earth. The sun warms the ground directly, while the greenhouse effect acts as a blanket, reflecting heat back towards the Earth that would otherwise be lost to space. The greenhouse effect thus keeps the air at low elevations warm.
F. The colder climate on mountains affects the plants and animals residing on mountains. A particular set of plants and animals tend to be adapted to a relatively narrow range of climate. Some plants and animals found in altitudinal zones tend to become isolated since the conditions above and below a particular zone will be inhospitable and thus constrain their movements or dispersal.
G. Mountaineering, mountain climbing, or alpinism is the sport, hobby or profession of hiking, skiing, and climbing mountains. While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three areas: rock-craft, snow-craft and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 10–17 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). В поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа.
The history of Petergof
Petergof or Peterhof, known as Petrodvorets, from 1944 to 1997, is a municipal town in Petrodvortsovy District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, located on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland.
In the time of Peter the Great, the sea floor just north of the Petergof site and to the east toward St. Petersburg was too shallow for either commercial ships or warships. However, to the west of Petergof, the sea floor dropped off to be deep enough for sea vessels. Accordingly, when Peter the Great decided to build St. Petersburg at the eastern end of the Gulf of Finland, he First captured the Kotlin Island clearly visible from the Petergof site just to the northeast in the middle of the Gulf. At Kotlin Island he would build the commercial harbor for St. Petersburg as well as the Kronshtadt fortifications across the 20 kilometers of shallow sea to save provision and defend the Navy that he would build.
Peter the Great first mentions the Petergof site in his journal in 1705, during the Great Northern War, as a good place to construct a landing appropriate for traveling to and from the island fortress of Kronshtadt. In 1714, Peter began construction of the Monplaisir Palace. The construction based on his own sketches of the palace that he wanted to have close to the shoreline. This was Peter’s Summer Palace that he would use on his way coming and going from Europe through the harbor at Kronshtadt.
On the walls of this seacoast palace hundreds of paintings that Peter brought from Europe hung. In the seaward comer of his Monplaisir Palace, Peter made his Maritime Study from which he could see Kronshtadt Island to the left and St. Petersburg to the right. Later, he expanded his plans to include a vaster royal chateau of palaces and gardens into the further inland, according to the model of Versailles. Each of the Tsars after Peter expanded the inland palaces and gardens of Peterhof, but the major contributions by Peter the Great were completed by 1725. Peter had also entertained plans of a similar palace at Strelna, a short way to the east, but these plans were abandoned.
Peterhof originally appeared quite differently than it does today. Many of the fountains had not yet been installed. The entire Alexandrine Park and Upper Gardens did not exist — the latter was used to grow vegetables, and its ponds, then numbering only three, were used for growing fish. The Samson Fountain and its massive pedestal had not yet been installed in the Sea Channel, and the channel itself was used as a grand marine entrance into the complex.
The Grand Palace was originally called simply ‘Upper’, and was hardly larger than any of the other structures of the complex. The addition of wings, undertaken between 1745 and 1755, was one of the many projects commissioned from the Italian architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli by Queen Elizabeth of Russia. The reconstruction of Peterhofs original fountains and the addition of new ones continued well into the 19th century.
Peterhof, like Tsarskoye Selo, was captured by German troops in 1941 and held until 1944. In the few months that elapsed between the outbreak of war in the west and the appearance of the German Army, employees were only able to save a portion of the treasures of the palaces and fountains. An attempt was made to dismantle and bury the fountain sculptures, but three-quarters, including all of the largest ones, remained in place. The occupying forces of the German Army largely destroyed the palace grounds. Many of the fountains were destroyed, and the palace was partially exploded and left to burn. Restoration work began almost immediately after the end of the war and continues to this day. It progressed remarkably quickly, and is still being carried out.
10
10
In the time of Peter the Great, the sea floor was suitable for trade.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
11
11
Monplaisir Palace was worked out by Peter himself.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
12
12
The main aim of Peter the Great was to hide Monplaisir Palace from invaders.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
13
13
Peter the Great broadened Monplaisir Palace according to the model of the Chateau de Versailles.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
14
14
The building of palace at Strelna was completely finished in 1725.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
15
15
At first, Alexandrine Park was used to grow vegetables.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
16
16
The Grand Palace was originally called simply ‘Upper’ by Queen Elizabeth of Russia.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
17
17
During World War 11 the palace looked completely different than nowadays.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 18–26, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 18–26.
18
18
STAYOne evening several tourists who ______ at a hotel in Manchester were having dinner in the hotel restaurant.
19
19
BRING Fish ______ and while they were eating it, some of them told interesting stories about finding rings and other things inside fish.
20
20
SPEAK An old man who had only listened to their stories and never ______ a word, suddenly said that he would like to tell them an interesting story, too.
21
21
GO And this is what he told them: «When I was a young man, I lived in New York and ______ to marry a beautiful young girl whose name was Alice.
22
22
WE About two months before _______ marriage
23
23
SEND I ______ to England for a fortnight. I went to say good bye to Alice and gave her a ring.
24
24
WAITShe gave me hers and said that she ______ for me
25
25
PLAN But I had to stay in England six months, and not a fortnight as I _____. Late in September my work was done at last and I was able to leave for New York.
26
26
THINK Next morning, when 1 was aboard the steamer, I was looking through the morning newspaper, and what ______ you ______ I saw? Alice was going to marry another man! I was so angry that I threw her ring into the sea.
I was having dinner at a restaurant in New York a few days later, and while I was eating the fish, I bit on something hard. What do you think it was?» «The ring!», all the listeners cried out at once. «No,» said the old man sadly, «it was a fish-bone».
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 27–32, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 27–32.
27
27
THEY Brenda and Terry are going out for the evening. The last thing they do is put ______ cat out.
28
28
SCOOTER The taxi arrives, and as the couple walk out of the house, the cat _______ back in.
29
29
SIDE Terry returns ______ to chase it out.
30
30
EMPTINESS Brenda, not wanting it known that the house would be ______, explains to the taxi driver,
31
31
STAIR ‘My husband is just going ______ to say goodbye to my mother.’ Several minutes later, an exhausted Terry arrives and climbs back into the taxi saying, ‘Sorry it took so long,
32
32
HANGthe stupid idiot was hiding under the bed and I had to poke her with a coat ______ several times before I could get her to come out!’
Раздел 4. Письмо
Для ответа на задание 33 используйте отдельный лист. При выполнении задания 33 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на отдельном чистом листе. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма письма. Письма недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста письма, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются.
You have 30 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend, Ben.
…Jam very busy now preparing for my exams but yesterday I went to the new bookstore with my friends. It’s absolutely wonderful! You can find every book you want there. I bought some entertaining books as well as plenty of useful stufffor my exams preparation. … What kinds of books do you prefer? Have you begun preparing for your exams yet? What books do you need to improve your English skills?..
Write her a letter and answer her 3 questions.
Write 100—120 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 5. Говорение
34
You are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.
In the past, most artists learned to paint by attending an art school or academy. The most popular style of painting was Classicism. Classical artists painted their works carefully and smoothly inside a studio. Their paintings often showed stories from mythology.
In the late 19th century, there was a group of artists who created a new style of painting, which was called Impressionism. Impressionist paintings showed life-like subjects painted in a rapid style, with brushstrokes that were easily seen and colours that were often bright. Impressionist painters mostly worked in oil paint on canvas. They would often make small quick paintings outdoors, and then finish them in the studio.
Nowadays, Impressionism remains the most attractive period in the history of modem art and the most appreciated one by the public. Series of exhibitions and record sales give evidence of today’s extraordinary popularity of Impressionist painters.
Показать ответ
Речь воспринимается легко: необоснованные паузы отсутствуют; фразовое ударение и интонационные контуры, произношение слов практически без нарушений нормы; допускается не более пяти фонетических ошибок, в том числе одна-две ошибки, искажающие смысл.
35
You are going to take part in a telephone survey. You have to answer six questions. Give full answers to the questions. Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
Показать ответ
Electronic assistant: Hello! This is the electronic assistant of the Stay Up-to-Date service. We are a new media centre and our aim is to help teenagers stay up-to-date with the news. Please answer six questions. The survey is anonymous, so you don’t have to give your name. Let’s start.
Electronic assistant: Is it important for you to stay up-to-date with the latest news? Why?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) Sure, for me being aware of the latest news is of utmost importance because if you don’t stay up to date with all news you can miss some interesting events or vital information.
Electronic assistant: What sort of information can you get from newspapers and magazines?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) You can get a bunch of necessary information from newspapers and magazines. Thanks to mass media, you can get information about sports events, fashion trends, rumors among celebreties, technological breakthrows, sales andspecial offers in local shops.
Electronic assistant: Do you listen to the radio? Why/why not?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) I am not a big fan of listening to the radio. Because I believe it’s an obsolete way of getting information. However, from time to time espeacially when i am in the car I prefer to listening to it.
Electronic assistant: How often do you watch news programmes on TV?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) I don’t watch TV because it’s a pure waste of time. Thanks the Internet you can get information about latest news as well as to watch films.
Electronic assistant: How can travelling help people to get information about the world?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) When you have trips abroad you visit museums and art galleries and thus get to know about culture and history of this or that country. What’s more, you meet local people who can tell you some pecularities of their life so that you can compare all these facts with life in your own country.
Electronic assistant: What do you think is the best way of learning the latest news? Explain why.
Student: (pause 40 seconds)Nowadays It’s difficult to imagine something more powerful than Internet. So I am sure it’s the fastest and the most convinient way of getting and sharing news .
Electronic assistant: This is the end of the survey. Thank you very much for your time.
36
You are going to give a talk about space exploration. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
• when and how the history of space exploration began
• what famous cosmonaut/astronaut you are admire, why
• whether space exploration is important for humanity, why/ why not
You have to talk continuously.
Показать ответ
Mankind has always been fascinated with exploring the unknown. From sailing to distant lands to someday setting foot on other planets, the spirit of exploration is the same. Bur now with the current economic situation and the high cost of sending people to space, NASA is being looked at as a way to free up some much needed funds. Although, there is many problems here on planet Earth that need addressing, the benefits of space exploration far out weight the disadvantages. Space exploration has given us more advanced technology, advances in the medical field, and a boost to the economy and these facts cannot be disputed. Since we first sent rockets into Earths orbit( On Oct. 4, 1957, the Soviets launched the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, into space. Four years later on April 12, 1961, Russian Lt. Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit Earth in Vostok 1.), we have been pushing the technological boundaries in order to reach new horizon.
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Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А21-А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. TEST 03 ( part 3) |
Even if you live in the heart of the city, there’s no reason why you shouldn’t A21 ……………… up gardening. We can’t all afford a large garden, but we can all create a space where we can follow the seasons. Whether it’s a window box, a balcony or a tiny yard, anyone can have the pleasure of looking A22 ……………… plants.
A window box is a small box of plants that literally sits outside your window. Here, the choice of plants is what counts. You want a splash of colour all year A23 ……………… , so choose flowers that bloom at different times of the year. Daffodils, for example, are beautiful spring flowers and will soon have you looking forward to summer. Their bright colours will also attract butterflies, bringing a touch of life. If you’ve got a balcony, you’ve got a little more freedom. In this case, the key is to А24 ……………… maximum use of the space you’ve got available. Put taller plants against the walls of the house, with shorter plants and flowers along the A25 ……………… of the balcony.
You can also add a water feature; a small fountain creates interest and can have a cooling effect on a hot summer’s day. If your neighbours’ balcony is next to yours, why not use a fast-growing plant like wisteria to form a natural barrier, giving you more privacy?
Those of you who are lucky enough to have a small yard can really go to town. Think about how you’re going to use it. Do you want to be able to sit and enjoy the sun? Or do you want to be A26 ……………… to entertain friends and have a barbecue? Divide the yard into separate areas and plan each one carefully. Garden furniture is very important. A table that folds in half can give you a lot of flexibility, and chairs that fold away also allow you to change your garden to A27 ……………… your mood. As A28 ……………… as plants are concerned, choose varieties that don’t mind a bit of shade, unless your yard gets a lot of sun. Yards often have walls that keep the sun out for long periods and you don’t want your careful plans spoiled because a few of your plants start to die.
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A21 |
1) take |
2) set |
3) put |
4) make |
|
A22 |
1) on |
2) up |
3) after |
4) down |
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A23 |
1) round |
2) over |
3) along |
4) across |
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A24 |
1) get |
2) make |
3) have |
4) do |
|
A25 |
1) edge |
2) boundary |
3) rim |
4) frame |
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A26 |
1) capable |
2) possible |
3) able |
4) probable |
|
A27 |
1) fit |
2) suit |
3) copy |
4) go |
|
A28 |
1) much |
2) long |
3) few |
4) far |
Английский язык (Вариант 2)
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Образуйте от слова MASS однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
City Living
Humans have lived together in cities since ancient times, but even in 1800 urban areas were home to just 3 per cent of the world’s population.
The __________________ explosion of urbanization that accompanied the Industrial Revolution saw that figure rise 15 per cent in the space of 100 years.
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15.
Read the text and say where in Russia the capital of fountains is. Do
you
know why it was built there?
Peterhof
is located 30km west of St.Petersburg on the shores of the Gulf of
Finland. It was the summer residence of Peter the Great, built to
commemorate victory over the Swedes in 1709 and to show the strength
of the Russian Empire.
Peterhof
was designed to resemble Versailles in France and architects from all
over the world were involved in its design. Over 4,000 peasants dug
the gardens, parks and canals, and Peter the Great himself helped to
plan the layout of the gardens and fountains. Vasily Tuvolkov,
Russia’s first hydraulics engineer, built the fountains in
1721-1722.
The
Great Cascade fountain in the gardens has 17 waterfalls, 142 water
jets, 66 fountains, 29 bas-reliefs and 39 gilded statues, including
the famous five-ton Sampson Fountain. It is surrounded by eight
dolphins and is wrestling the open jaws of a lion from which a jet of
water shoots over 20 metres into the air. Another fountain, the Chess
Hill, contains some of the best waterfalls cascading over bronze
dragons. The Triton Fountain shows Neptune’s son wrestling with a
sea monster. The Pyramid fountain was designed by Peter the Great and
is made up of seven tiers and 505 jets.
Some
of the fountains are there to surprise and amuse visitors. The Little
Umbrella fountain sprays out water from 164 jets as soon as anyone
sits on a bench underneath it. The Little Oak fountain sprays out
water if it senses any weight approaching it and the Pebbles fountain
also drenches visitors who sit on a nearby bench.
To
feel happy and make their spirits high, Russians and foreign visitors
come to Peterhof to enjoy its magic charms.
Notes:
commemorate
victory
– праздновать победу
resemble
– походить
layout
– расположение
bas-reliefs
– барельеф
wrestle
– бороться
tier
– ряд, ярус
16.
What do these numbers in the text stand for?
30,
4000, 17, 29, 142, 39, 66, 505, 20.
Example:
“30” stands for a distance from St. Petersburg in km.
17.
Read and replace the pronouns with information from the text.
1.
It
was
the summer residence of Peter the Great. – Peterhof.
2.
He
built the fountains.
3.
It
contains some of the best waterfalls cascading over bronzed
dragons.
4.
He
designed the Pyramid fountain.
5.
It
sprays out water from 164 jets.
18.
Speaking. A foreign visitor would like to learn about Peterhof. What
can
you tell him/her?
19.
Read and act out the dialogue. Which phrases are useful to make a
conversation? Find and learn them. What view of Saint-Petersburg do
you like best?
|
Mary: Liz:
Petersburg
beautiful Mary:
forget Rome. Liz:
much Petersburg. Mary:
Petersburg
young Liz: Mary: |
Liz:
lot Mary: was
were Liz:
Russian
Great
energetic man. Mary:
spent we
St. Liz: last! Mary: |
20.
Learn the useful phrases.
Thanking. Possible
replies are:
Thank
you. Not at all.
Thank
you very much. You’re welcome.
Thanks
a lot. That’s OK.
I’m
very grateful to you. Never mind.
How
kind of you. Don’t mention it.
It was a pleasure.
21.
Write
about your native place according to the plan:
…
is
a big city/small town in the north/south/west/east of the country.
Its
population is … .
Its
area is … .
It’s
far from/not far from/near St. Petersburg.
It’s
(much/a little) smaller than St. Petersburg.
It’s
(much/a little) younger/older than St. Petersburg.
Pay
attention to the use of prepositions in
and to:
in
the west (east, north, south) – на
западе
(востоке,
севере,
юге)
to
the west (east, north, south) с
западу
(востоку,
северу,
югу)
22.
Read the text about Russian Nobel prizewinners and say if the
statements are true (T) or false (F).
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