Dismiss fire retire retreat разница егэ - Помощь в подготовке к экзаменам и поступлению

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Обновлено на

15 авг. 2018

Упрощенный китайский (Китай)

Английский (американский вариант)

Вопрос про Английский (американский вариант)

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Английский (американский вариант)

To dismiss someone = more formal, more grave

To fire someone = more emotional, more colloquial

«You’re fired! Now get out!»

«I must inform you that you are being dismissed. Please take your things and leave at once.»

Английский (американский вариант)

We only use «to fire» with jobs. «To dismiss» is with anything.

«I got fired from my job recently.»
«The company is firing him tomorrow.»

«Class, you are now dismissed, but remember your homework for next week.»

«To dismiss» can also be used like «to fire,» but it’s not as common.

Упрощенный китайский (Китай)

Thank you so much. That is so detailedness! Best wishes!

Английский (американский вариант)

Also, to «dismiss» someone/something can also mean to ignore or snub it: «He dismissed my opinion as if it meant nothing!»

Or, not with a negative meaning, to «dismiss» someone can mean for a superior to give a subordinate permission to leave.

«Very good. That is all for now: you are dismissed.»

A teacher: «Class dismissed!»

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В чем разница между dismiss и fire ?

ответ

Dismiss and fire mean almost the same thing. The word dismiss is a nicer way of saying it. I was fired or you’re fired are harsh words. I was…
В чем разница между fire и blaze ?

ответ

fire is just fire that one we use to cook …blaze is a bigger fire stronger …to melt things for example
В чем разница между dismiss и fire ?

ответ

dismiss: professional, neutral connotation — usually the people in charge did not like something about a person, or there were some misunders…
В чем разница между overrule и dismiss ?

ответ

These are term’s often used in court cases. If a judge decides a lawyers objection has no merit and allows the objected to line of questionin…
В чем разница между dismiss и fire ?

ответ

Dismiss can have several meanings:
1) to ignore someone or not pay attention to them
2) to send away
Ex. The man was dismissed after c…
В чем разница между fire и sack ?

ответ

‘Sack’ is a term used in England & is (I think) less formal
В чем разница между dismiss и fire ?

ответ

«Dismiss» can mean more things than «fire.» But in the context of firing someone from their job, they mean the same thing, but «fire» is mo…
В чем разница между sack и dismiss и fire ?

ответ

Formality: dismiss ~ fire > sack
Negative connotation: sack ~ fire > dismiss

“Let go” is the most euphemistic/gentle way to say it.

Eg.
…
В чем разница между dismiss и fire ?

ответ

Dismiss is to give permission for someone to take their leave.

Your boss can ‘dismiss’ you from their office without it being anything so …
Что значит dismiss?

ответ

it means to let/tell someone or something to leave.

«at the end of the day the students will be dismissed from school»

В чем разница между dismiss и fire ?
В чем разница между dismiss и ignore и neglect ?
В чем разница между dismiss и fire ?

В чем разница между woman и women ?
В чем разница между Okay и Okey ?
В чем разница между man и men ?
В чем разница между I’m down for it и I’m up for it ?
В чем разница между studying и studing ?

В чем разница между опасаться и бояться ?
В чем разница между грусть и печаль ?
В чем разница между ненавидеть и возненавидеть ?
В чем разница между ещё и пока ?
В чем разница между сердиться и гневаться ?

В чем разница между опасаться и бояться ?
В чем разница между грусть и печаль ?
В чем разница между ненавидеть и возненавидеть ?
В чем разница между ещё и пока ?
В чем разница между сердиться и гневаться ?

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Как сказать на Корейский? I hope we can learn from each other.
Sé que «ella habla hasta por los codos» significa que una persona habla mucho, aunque como lo tie…

Что означает этот символ?

Символ показывает уровень знания интересующего вас языка и вашу подготовку. Выбирая ваш уровень знания языка, вы говорите пользователям как им нужно писать, чтобы вы могли их понять.

Мне трудно понимать даже короткие ответы на данном языке.
Могу задавать простые вопросы и понимаю простые ответы.
Могу формулировать все виды общих вопросов. Понимаю ответы средней длины и сложности.
Понимаю ответы любой длины и сложности.

Подпишитесь на Премиум и сможете воспроизводить аудио/видеоответы других пользователей.

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Источник

U.S. History

1st Edition•ISBN: 9781938168369John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen

567 solutions

The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric

2nd Edition•ISBN: 9780312676506Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses

661 solutions

America’s History for the AP Course

8th Edition•ISBN: 9781457628931 (2 more)Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self

470 solutions

Technical Writing for Success

3rd Edition•ISBN: 9781111445072Darlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson

468 solutions

Источник

Meaning of REMOVE in English

Synonyms and related words :

abandon, abate, abrade, abscond, abstract, amount, annihilate, assassinate, avulse, bare, bate, beat a retreat, blow, blow out, boot, boot out, bounce, bow out, break, bump, bump off, bust, caliber, can, carry away, carry off, cart away, cashier, cast, cast aside, cast away, cast off, cast out, chuck, chuck out, clean out, cleanse, cleanse away, clear, clear away, clear off, clear out, clear the decks, compass, curtail, cut, cut out, deconsecrate, decrease, deduct, deep-six, defecate, defenestrate, defrock, degrade, degree, delete, deliver, delocalize, demote, denudate, denude, deplete, deplume, deport, depose, depreciate, deprive, deracinate, derogate, detach, dethrone, detract, detrude, dig out, dig up, diminish, disappear, disbar, discard, discharge, disconnect, discrown, disemploy, disengage, disentangle, disenthrone, dislocate, dislodge, dismiss, disparage, dispart, displace, displume, dispose of, distance, disturb, ditch, divest, do away with, do in, doff, douse, drain, draw, draw out, dredge, dredge up, drop, drum out, dump, eat away, efface, eighty-six, eject, elide, eliminate, empty, empty out, eradicate, erase, erode, evacuate, evolve, evulse, excavate, excise, exclude, excommunicate, execute, exhaust, exile, expatriate, expel, expose, expunge, exsect, extent, exterminate, extirpate, extract, extricate, extrude, file away, fire, fleece, free, free from, furlough, get out, get quit of, get rid of, get shut of, give away, give release, give respite, give the ax, give the gate, give the hook, gouge out, grade, grub up, heave out, height, impair, intermit, interspace, interval, jettison, jilt, junk, keep apart, kick, kick downstairs, kick out, kick upstairs, kill, lay aside, lay bare, lay off, lay open, leach, leap, lessen, let go, let out, level, liberate, liquidate, loose, loosen, make a space, make redundant, manhandle, mark, massacre, measure, mine, move, murder, notch, nuance, obliterate, obtrude, oust, outlaw, overthrow, part, part with, pas, peg, pension, pension off, period, pick out, pitch, plane, plateau, pluck, pluck out, pluck up, point, proportion, pull, pull out, pull up, purge, purge away, purify, put aside, put off, put out, quarry, quit, rake out, range, ratio, reach, read out of, reduce, refine, reject, release, relocate, remove from office, replace, reprieve, retire, retreat, retrench, rip out, root out, root up, round, rub away, rub off, rub out, rung, sack, scale, scope, scour out, send, separate, separate forcibly, separation, set apart, set aside, set at intervals, shade, shadow, shear, shed, shift, ship, shorten, shunt, side, slaughter, slay, slip out of, slough, space, space out, stair, standard, step, step out of, stint, strike off, strike out, strip, strip bare, strip of office, strip of rank, subduct, subtract, superannuate, surplus, suspend, sweep away, sweep out, take away, take from, take off, take out, tear out, thin, thin out, throw away, throw off, throw out, throw over, throw overboard, thrust out, toss out, toss overboard, transfer, tread, turn off, turn out, unbar, unbind, unbolt, unbuckle, unbutton, unchain, unchurch, unclasp, uncloak, unclog, uncover, undo, unearth, unfasten, unfetter, unfoul, unfrock, unglue, unlace, unlatch, unleash, unlock, unloose, unloosen, unravel, unsaddle, unseat, unsheathe, unstick, unstrap, unthrone, untie, unveil, unwrap, uproot, vacate, vanish, vent, void, waste, wear away, weed, weed out, weigh anchor, wipe off, wipe out, withdraw, wrest out

Moby thesaurus English vocabulary.

Английский словарь Moby Тезаурус .
2012

В данной статье мы поговорим с вами о разделе «Лексика и грамматика» в ЕГЭ по английскому языку. При выполнении заданий этого раздела проверяется уровень языковой компетенции учащихся – владение правилами грамматики английского языка, умение применять их на практике, владение лексикой английского языка, знание сочетаемости слов и их стилистической маркированности.

Время на выполнение задания — 40 минут.
Максимальный балл — 20 баллов.

Содержание раздела «Лексика и грамматика» ЕГЭ по английскому языку

Данный раздел включает три задания:
1. Задания 19-25 (максимальный балл – 7 баллов).
2. Задания 26-31 (максимальный балл — 6 баллов).
3. Задания 32-38 (повышенный уровень).

Задания с 19 по 25

Пример заданий 19-25 на ЕГЭ по английскому языку таков:

В данном задании проверяются навыки образования грамматических форм, то есть необходимо изменить форму слова и вписать его в предложение. Часть речи остаётся без изменений. Например, если написан глагол, то и остаётся глагол; если существительное — остаётся существительное и т.д.

Существительное (noun)

Может поменяться падеж с именительного на косвенный (world-world’s, friends-friends’) и число с единственного на множественное. И, конечно, наверняка будет предложено слово-исключение из правил образования множественного числа, а также слова, имеющие особенности написания (wife-wives, wolf-wolves и пр.).

в английском языке
/ Притяжательный падеж

Прилагательное (adjective) и наречие (adverb)

Определить степень сравнения прилагательного или наречия. Например, если после пропуска стоит слово «than» (чем), образуем сравнительную степень. Если перед пропуском стоит определённый артикль «the» или фраза наподобие «one of the» (один из), образуем превосходную степень.

/ Имя прилагательное
в английском языке
/ Наречие

Глагол (verb)

Может поменяться залог с активного на пассивный, а также время. Обязательно необходимо обратить внимание на лицо, к которому относится глагол, от этого зависит форма вспомогательных глаголов. А так же не стоит забывать и о неправильных глаголов, которые учат наизусть!

Примечание: Подробнее о глаголах и времен английского языка можно в разделе « «.

Числительное (numeral)

Может поменяться разряд (количественное числительное меняется на порядковое).

Местоимение (pronoun)

/ Притяжательные местоимения
/ Личные местоимения
/ Указательные местоимения
/ Неопределённые местоимения (some, any)
/ Возвратные и усилительные местоимения

Задания с 26 по 31

Пример заданий 26-31 на ЕГЭ по английскому языку таков:

Задания 32-38

Проверяются знания лексики английского языка, ее сочетаемость в зависимости от коммуникативной ситуации:

знание фразовых глаголов;
знание разницы в употреблении слов, схожих по значению, т.е. синонимов;
знание разницы в употреблении слов, схожих по звучанию и/или написанию;
знание управления глаголов по формуле «глагол + предлог».

Примечание: С примреами слов, схожих по звучанию и/или написанию можно ознакомиться в разделе « «.

Пример заданий 32-38 на ЕГЭ по английскому языку таков:

Рекомендации для успешного выполнения раздела «Лексика и грамматика»

Для успешной сдачи экзамена по английскому языку раздела «Лексика и грамматика», необходимо учить грамматические правила и обязательно закреплять их на практике.

Для закрепления грамматических тем можно выбрать специальные пособия по грамматике, где очень много упражнений. Например,

Round-Up (серия, где все задания на английском и теория тоже)
Grammarway
New Grammar Time
Музланова Е. С., Фоменко Е. А. Английский язык. Полный экспресс-репетитор
Мильруд Р. П. Английский язык. Единый государственный экзамен. Лексика и грамматика
и др.

Раздел «Лексика и грамматика» в ЕГЭ по английскому языку

Тренировочные упражнения для подготовки к ЕГЭ

Грамматика и словообразование

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Образуйте от слов в правой колонке однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически

и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

Mr. Gray travelled a lot on business. He sold matches of various kinds to farmers. It (1)… really a very serious job, but Mr. Gray always (2)… in farming, and he (3)… quite with his life.

He had a big car, and usually enjoyed driving it long distances, but he (4)… quite to go by train sometimes too, especially when the weather was bad. He (5)… a little of driving in rain or snow, and it (6)… less to sit comfortably in a train and look out of the window without (7)… about how one was going to get to the next place.

One of Mr. Gray’s frequent problems was where to stay when he reached some small place in the country. He didn’t expect great comfort and (8)… food, but he found it (9)… when he (10)… a cold room, and there was no hot water or good food after a long and tiring day.

Late one winter evening, Mr. Gray arrived at a small railway station. The journey by train that day (11)… at all, and Mr. Gray was cold, tired and hungry. He (12)… to a simple but (13)… meal by a (14)… burning fire, and then a hot bath and (15)… bed.

While he (16)… to the taxi rank, he said to a local man who was also walking there, “As this is my first visit to this part of the country and I was in too big a hurry (17)… about hotels before I left home, I would very much like to know how many you have here.”

The local man answered, “We have two.” “And which of the two would you advise me to go to?” Mr. Gray then asked. The local man scratched his head for a few moments and then answered, “Well, it’s like this: whichever one you go to, you’ll be sorry you (18)… to the other.”

not/excite

interest

satisfy

frighten

be/tired

be/worry

wonder

annoy

give

not/be/interest

look forward

satisfy

bright

comfort

walk

find

not/go

RESTAURANT GUIDE

The (1)… thing about dining at the beach is that nothing is ordinary. Whether it’s fine cuisine or fast food (2)… to your room, the (3)… for your taste buds is so intense, that everything is (4)… The ordinary have long since gone out of business.

It’s not just because salt air and sunshine do wonders for the appetite, although that helps, it’s because busy restaurants have (5)… food and because (6)… restaurants bring to the table not just food, but the reputation of the (7)… and (8)…

Successful restaurants can also afford to advertise and they understand that they need to help you (9)… what kind of restaurant they are and where they (10)…

This directory of (11)… restaurants will help you cut through the clutter to find the (12)… value for the (13)… cuisine.

Whether it’s chicken and ribs, shrimp or submarine sandwiches delivered to your room or the (14)… seafood, steaks or continental cuisines, the restaurants are the (15)… leaders at the beach. Bon appétit!

one

deliver

compete

ordinary

fresh

success

own

manage

cover

locate

known

good

fine

knowledge

Dear Victor,

Welcome to Virginia Beach, the (1)… city in the Commonwealth of Virginia and the (2)… largest resort city!

During your stay, I hope you (3)… the opportunity to visit a few of the (4)… attractions our City has to offer. From (5)… beautiful beaches to historical sites, we believe you (6)… something of interest and (7)… for your entire family.

The Navy’s master jet base, Oceana Naval Air Station, and the Army’s Fort Story and Camp Pendleton are major assets. In (8)…, your stay will not be complete without a visit to the (9)… expanded Virginia Marine Science Museum, the (10)… popular in the state. The museum offers a huge open-ocean aquarium, as well as (11)… hands-on exhibits and The Family Channel Imax 3-D Theatre. We are also proud to have the new and magnificent Virginia Beach Amphitheatre. This facility will present over 30 concerts every year.

We have many quality restaurants for your (12)… pleasure, as well as excellent (13)…, (14)…, (15)…, and tennis – they all offer a day of (16)… and (17)…

We hope you will have an (18)… stay in Virginia Beach!

Yours John.

large

world

take

interest

find

enjoy

add

new

much

educate

dine

shop

golf

fish

entertain

enjoy

VIRGINIA

Virginia (1)… as the image for the American way of life from the mid-1700’s to the mid-1800’s. It was the (2)…, the (3)…, and the (4)… of the original thirteen (5)… Eight states (6)… from its original territory. Called the “Old Dominion” because it was the oldest of the English colonies, Virginia is also nicknamed “Mother of Presidents” because eight US Presidents were born there, more than from any other state.

The (7)… permanent English settlers (8)… at Jamestown in 1607, thirteen years before the Mayflower reached the continent. Contrary to popular belief, on December 4, 1619, early Virginia settlers observed the first official Thanksgiving in America at Berkeley Plantation. In 1619, the first (9)… body in the New World, the Virginia General Assembly, convened at Jamestown, (10)… the beginning of (11)… government in the Western Hemisphere.

Gradually, discontent grew over the laws (12)… by the English Parliament without consent of the colonists. On August 1, 1774, the First Virginia Convention met in Williamsburg, without official consent from the Royal Governor. On March 23, 1775, at St. John’s Church in Richmond. Patrick Henry made his eloquent plea for freedom: “Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be (13)… by the chains of slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!”

Virginia’s George Washington, as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, led the battle for (14)… The struggle (15)… at Yorktown in 1781, when Lord Cornwallis (16)… to Washington in the last battle of the Revolutionary War, and a new nation (17)…

serve

large

more populate

more prosper

colony

form

one

arrive

legislate

mark

represent

pass

purchase

depend

end

surrender

born

VIRGINIA

In 1861, Virginia (1)… from the Union and became a major battleground of the Civil War. Most of the South’s (2)… military leaders were Virginians: Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, Joseph E. Johnson, and Jeb Stuart. The (3)… Southern victories were won on Virginia soil: First and Second Manassas (Bull Run), Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. More battles (4)… in Virginia than in any other state as Union armies (5)… tried to seize the Confederate capital of Richmond and the supply corridor in the Shenandoah Valley. In 1862, the (6)… battle between ironclad warships, the Monitor and Merrimack, (7)… in Hampton Roads. The Civil War (8)… at Appomattox Court House, April 9, 1865, when General Lee and General Grant (9)… the terms of surrender. In 1870 Virginia (10)… to the Union and (11)… began.

Virginia’s “(12)… Fathers” helped make our nation what it is today. Thomas Jefferson (13)… The Declaration of Independence. The Bill of Rights (14)… by George Mason’s First Declaration of Human Rights. James Madison was the (15)… author of the US. Constitution, (16)… him the title “Father of the Constitution.” (17)… George Rogers Clark, William Clark, and Meriwether Lewis opened up the territory west of the Mississippi for future (18)… James Monroe’s Monroe Doctrine guaranteed (19)… of the Americas against Europeans interference. John Marshall, the greatest Chief Justice of the US, established a (20)… Supreme Court and a strong (21)… (22)… Booker T. Washington became a (23)… leader of his race and made great strides in education. In November 1989, Lawrence Douglas Wilder became the nation’s first elected black (24)…

secede

stand

great

fight

repeat

one

occur

end

negotiate

admit

reconstruct

found

write

frame

prime

earn

explore

settle

depend

power

nation

govern

recognize

overn

VIRGINIA

Virginia may have more history to offer than any other state, but it is also a scenic and (1)… paradise, with thousands of acres set aside statewide for (2)…, state, and national parks, forests, battlefields, and monuments. The (3)… and beautiful scenery along the Blue Ridge Mountains (4)… the entire length of the state. Visitors drive the 105-mile-long Skyline Drive through Shenandoah National Park, then continue on the almost 500-mile-long Blue Ridge Parkway that (5)… at Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina. The (6)… beautiful mountains of Virginia offer spectacular flora and fauna, waterfalls, hiking trails, camping areas, quaint lodging (7)…, great limestone caverns, warm springs, ski resorts, the (8)… and tranquil Shenandoah Valley, the Appalachian Trail, the Shenandoah River, and the mountain crafts and fiddlers of Southwestern Virginia.

Central and Eastern Virginia have as much to offer the (9)…: historic Fredericksburg, the capital city of Richmond, colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown and Yorktown, metropolitan northern Virginia, adjacent to Washington D. C., (10)… homes, theatres and museums, Indian (11)…, James River plantations, the salt marshes of the Eastern Shore. Enjoy the seashore at Virginia Beach, go (12)… and (13)… on the Chesapeake Bay, eat (14)… crab cakes on Tangier Island, relax and reminisce in a small fishing village, and attend the wild pony round-up at Chincoteague and Assateague.

Come and enjoy the uncommon beauty and history of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Walk the streets of the past and reflect on the old ideas that (15)… this country. Virginia is for lovers! Whatever you love is here. Search for it from the mountains to the sea.

recreate

region

peace

stretch

end

strike

facility

charm

tour

president

reserve

fish

sail

taste

form

CHAIRS

The (1)… of the chairs is reserved for the chairman;

The (2)… is being kept for the next M. D.;

The (3)… is reserved for the Finance Director;

And the (4)… (I hope) is for me!

First plan

When I (5)… on the seven-o-one

With the chaps from the firm, we (6)… great fun.

We scan the old FT (Financial Times)

To check the (7)… interest rates

And how the market fluctuates

And where our funds should be.

And when we’ve filled in

3 Across

And made some jokes about the boss,

To universal glee,

We grab a cab at Charing Cross

And (8)… Potters Quay.

I’m the top fund manager at Pinchbecks –

To be frank, I’m a pretty big cheese;

I’m a whizz with unit trusts, and

I have got some plans for Dockland.

So everything (9)… like a breeze.

Second plan

When I (10)… Chairman, or M. D.,

I (11)… a really hostile bid

For Barclays or the TSB,

And match my rivals quid for quid.

And when they say, “He’s off his tree,”

I’ll do what all those big boys did,

And hit them with a left and right

That no one could foresee …

Actual plan

I thought it was all hunky-dory, (very good)

And I felt a most wonderful glow.

Then they said they were terribly sorry;

They (12)… to let me go.

I (13)… of turning consultant,

Or living in Paris, or Rome;

But at sixty does anyone want me?

I might as well sit here at home.

one

two

three

four

get

late

head

launch

have

think

221b and Sherlock Holmes

“I have it here in my museum” said Sherlock Holmes in the “Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle.”

The (1)… of the Sherlock Holmes Museum to the public on 27 March 1990 was an event which should have happened several decades earlier. 221b Baker Street is, after all, the world’s (2)… address because of its long (3)… with the great detective.

People (4)… to Sherlock Holmes and to his friend Doctor Watson for the last 100 years, but now it is possible to see where and how they (5)… in Victorian times! The famous study which Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson shared for almost 25 years is on (6)… floor overlooking Baker Street, but before (7)… the house, ask yourself which of these (8)… of visitors you would place yourself in:

– You (9)… about Sherlock Holmes and you (10)… one or two films about his exploits (probably the “Hound of the Baskervilles”) yet you know very little about the great detective himself. You are probably visiting out of curiosity.

– You know a great deal about Sherlock Holmes! You’ve read the books, you’ve seen all his films on TV and you are an (11)… of the famous detective. You’d like to visit his rooms to see if they are quite as you imagined

– You are an expert – an absolute authority on Sherlockiana! You can discuss and debate with the best of them, (12)… read and re-read all sixty of the original stories (13)… by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and those written by others you may even (14)… one yourself! You must visit the museum if only to find errors or omissions. You will praise, you will criticize and you will have a lot of fun doing both.

– Whatever category you belong to, you are sure to find a visit to the museum a (15)… experience. Please sign the visitors’ book, take photographs wherever you wish (the maid will be pleased to assist) and when you are ready to leave, you may find yourself (16)… that you could hail a horse-drawn hansom cab to take you home!

open

famous

associate

write

live

one

enter

Задание 2 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Почитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали контексту.

Задание
Ответ

The Cyrillic alphabet is the alphabet used in Russian text. It is one of the most __WIDE
__ used alphabets in the world.

The alphabet is used in __VARY
__ languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian and Ukrainian.

It began in the __TEN
__ century in the Bulgarian Empire. It was created by two Greek brothers, Cyril and Methodius.

It was formed from the Greek alphabet, although there are many __DIFFER
__ between the two.

Some people would like the alphabet to be called the Russian alphabet, to refer to Russia, just as the Greek alphabet refers to Greece. They __AGREE
__ with the name Cyrillic.

The alphabet recently became the EU’s third __OFFICE
__ script, after Latin and Greek, when Bulgaria joined the EU.

The Cyrillic alphabet is the alphabet used in Russian text. It is one of the most WIDELY
used alphabets in the world.

The alphabet is used in VARIOUS
languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian and Ukrainian.

It began in the TENTH
century in the Bulgarian Empire. It was created by two Greek brothers, Cyril and Methodius.

It was formed from the Greek alphabet, although there are many DIFFERENCES
between the two.

Some people would like the alphabet to be called the Russian alphabet, to refer to Russia, just as the Greek alphabet refers to Greece. They DISAGREE
with the name Cyrillic.

The alphabet recently became the EU’s third OFFICIAL
script, after Latin and Greek, when Bulgaria joined the EU.

Задание 3 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

The rouble is the currency of Russia. It __BE
__ in use for around five centuries.

Sometimes, the rouble used in Russia __KNOW
__ as the Russian rouble. This is because some other countries also call their currencies roubles.

In the 1700s, Russian roubles __MAKE
__ with precious metals such as silver, gold and platinum.

The Russian government __BEGIN
__ printing paper monev until towards the end of the 1700s.

Russian rouble banknotes today have images of well-known places in Russia, as well as famous __MAN
__ in Russian history.

The banknotes have modern features that stop __THEY
__ from being copied illegally.

The __HIGH
__ amount that appears on a banknote is 5,000 Russian roubles. After that, there are banknotes worth 1,000, 100, 50, 10 and 5 roubles.

However, there are also 5- and 10-rouble coins, and these are used __COMMONLY
__ than the 5- and 10-rouble banknotes.

Because 5-rouble coins are used so often, the government decided to stop __PRINT
__ the 5-rouble banknotes any more.

The rouble is the currency of Russia. It HAS BEEN
in use for around five centuries.

Sometimes, the rouble used in Russia IS KNOWN
as the Russian rouble. This is because some other countries also call their currencies roubles.

In the 1700s, Russian roubles WERE MADE
with precious metals such as silver, gold and platinum.

The Russian government DID NOT BEGIN
printing paper money until towards the end of the 1700s.

Russian rouble banknotes today have images of well-known places in Russia, as well as famous MEN
in Russian history.

The banknotes have modern features that stop THEM
from being copied illegally.

The HIGHEST
amount that appears on a banknote is 5,000 Russian roubles. After that, there are banknotes worth 1,000, 100, 50, 10 and 5 roubles.

However, there are also 5- and 10-rouble coins, and these are used MORE COMMONLY
than the 5- and 10-rouble banknotes.

Because 5-rouble coins are used so often, the government decided to stop PRINTING
the 5-rouble banknotes any more.

Задание 4 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

Gina was going to play the part of a very old woman in the school play. She was looking forward to the first __PERFORM
__ of the show.

A few minutes before going on stage, she had an accident. She didn’t notice a box on the floor, fell over it, and hurt her knee very __BAD
__ .

She could barely walk and she didn’t know what to do. She felt __USE
__ .

Then she remembered the expression “the show must go on”. Although Gina’s pain was __TERROR
__ , she decided to carry on with the play.

Every second on stage was really __PAIN
__ , but somehow she managed it.

Everyone thought her acting was very __IMPRESS
__ and that she really looked like an old lady!

Gina was going to play the part of a very old woman in the school play. She was looking forward to the first PERFORMANCE
of the show.

A few minutes before going on stage, she had an accident. She didn’t notice a box on the floor, fell over it, and hurt her knee very BADLY
.

She could barely walk and she didn’t know what to do. She felt USELESS
.

Then she remembered the expression “the show must go on”. Although Gina’s pain was TERRIBLE
, she decided to carry on with the play.

Every second on stage was really PAINFUL
, but somehow she managed it.

Everyone thought her acting was very IMPRESSIVE
and that she really looked like an old lady!

Задание 5 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

Frank’s birthday is on 6th July. Last year, he decided to have a big party for all his friends as it __BE
__ his sixteenth birthday.

In previous years, his parents had refused to let him have a party, so he __FEEL
__ very excited when they said yes this time.

‘This is going to be the __GOOD
__ party ever!’ he told his friend, Charlie. ‘Will you help me?’

‘Sure’ __REPLY
__ Charlie, because he liked the idea. So they started planning the party together.

Charlie and Frank had been to lots of __PARTY
__ so they knew what to do.

‘What we need is some good music,’ said Frank. ‘We’ve got lots of MP3s, but it would be great if we __HAVE
__ a sound system to play them really loudly.’

‘That’s a good idea,’ Charlie agreed. ‘My cousin is a DJ, so I’ll ask him if we can borrow __HE
__ equipment.’

‘I __THINK
__ your cousin was a policeman ’ Frank said, confused. Charlie told him that he had nineteen cousins.

‘Oh, yes, your family is much bigger than __I
__ ’ said Frank. ‘Just don’t invite them all to the party!’

Franks birthday is on 6th July. Last year, he decided to have a big party for all his friends as it WAS
his sixteenth birthday.

In previous years, his parents had refused to let him have a party, so he FELT
very excited when they said yes this time.

‘This is going to be the BEST
party ever!’ he told his friend, Charlie. ‘Will you help me?’

‘Sure’ REPLIED
Charlie, because he liked the idea. So they started planning the party together.

Charlie and Frank had been to lots of PARTIES
so they knew what to do.

‘What we need is some good music,’ said Frank. ‘We’ve got lots of MP3s, but it would be great if we HAD
a sound system to play them really loudly.’

‘That’s a good idea,’ Charlie agreed. ‘My cousin is a DJ, so I’ll ask him if we can borrow HIS
equipment.’

‘I THOUGHT
your cousin was a policeman ’ Frank said, confused. Charlie told him that he had nineteen cousins.

‘Oh, yes, your family is much bigger than MINE
’ said Frank. ‘Just don’t invite them all to the party!’

Задание 6 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

Have you heard of the English city of York? It’s one of the most __FAME
__ cities in the UK.

The Romans started the city in 71 AD. It quickly grew to become __CENTRE
__ to the Roman Empire as a military base.

In 211, Constantine I was crowned Emperor in York. This was __REAL
__ unusual and special, as Emperors were almost always crowned in Rome.

The historical __IMPORTANT
__ of York is also symbolised by the Minster, one of the largest churches in the world.

The city burnt down in a __DISASTER
__ fire in 1137, but managed to recover to become a centre of trade and commerce by the 1500s.

Fire struck again in 1984 and the Minster was badly damaged, but __FORTUNE
__ , like the city itself, the Minster recovered its former glory to stand tall once again.

Have you heard of the English city of York? It’s one of the most FAMOUS
cities in the UK.

The Romans started the city in 71 AD. It quickly grew to become CENTRAL
to the Roman Empire as a military base.

In 211, Constantine I was crowned Emperor in York. This was REALLY
unusual and special, as Emperors were almost always crowned in Rome.

The historical IMPORTANCE
of York is also symbolised by the Minster, one of the largest churches in the world.

The city burnt down in a DISASTROUS
fire in 1137, but managed to recover to become a centre of trade and commerce by the 1500s.

Fire struck again in 1984 and the Minster was badly damaged, but FORTUNATELY
, like the city itself, the Minster recovered its former glory to stand tall once again.

Задание 7 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

Do you remember the 2012 Olympics? The opening ceremony __DIRECT
__ by award-winning film-maker Danny Boyle.

Not many people expected the ceremony to be very good, despite __HE
__ excellent reputation as a director.

But, in the end, it was very successful. Almost everyone who __SEE
__ it said it was fantastic.

The show __WATCH
__ by more than 900 million people and lasted for four hours.

Many of the various sections of the show contained lots of __CHILD
__ and young people.

The aim of the ceremony was to give the world a taste of the __GOOD
__ of British culture.

The sections featured everything from the Industrial Revolution to Britain’s literary heritage. These showed what the nation had achieved so far in __IT
__ history.

One part of the ceremony appeared to show the Queen parachuting into the stadium. This has helped make her __POPULAR
__ than ever.

Of course, she didn’t really jump from a helicopter. Everyone __KNOW
__ it was a joke.

Do you remember the 2012 Olympics? The opening ceremony WAS DIRECT
by award-winning film-maker Danny Boyle.

Not many people expected the ceremony to be very good, despite HIS
excellent reputation as a director.

But, in the end, it was very successful. Almost everyone who SAW
it said it was fantastic.

The show WAS WATCHED
by more than 900 million people and lasted for four hours.

Many of the various sections of the show contained lots of CHILDREN
and young people.

The aim of the ceremony was to give the world a taste of the BEST
of British culture.

The sections featured everything from the Industrial Revolution to Britain’s literary heritage. These showed what the nation had achieved so far in ITS
history.

One part of the ceremony appeared to show the Queen parachuting into the stadium. This has helped make her MORE POPULAR
than ever.

Of course, she didn’t really jump from a helicopter. Everyone KNEW
it was a joke.

Задание 8 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

I grew up in the UK in the 1980s. During my __CHILD
__ there wasn’t always a lot to do in the summer holidays.

On the rare occasions when it was a warm __SUN
__ day, we’d go for a picnic on Blackpool beach.

As far as my family were concerned, there was nothing more __ENJOY
__ than eating sandwiches on the beach.

We hardly ever went swimming, though, as the water was often __EXTREME
__ cold. So we would just play on the wet sand.

But even if we were __LUCKY
__ with the weather and it started raining, we could always go for some fish and chips.

Nothing gave us more pleasure after a __TIRE
__ day at the seaside.

I grew up in the UK in the 1980s. During my CHILDHOOD
there wasn’t always a lot to do in the summer holidays.

On the rare occasions when it was a warm SUNNY
day, we’d go for a picnic on Blackpool beach.

As far as my family were concerned, there was nothing more ENJOYABLE
than eating sandwiches on the beach.

We hardly ever went swimming, though, as the water was often EXTREMELY
cold. So we would just play on the wet sand.

But even if we were UNLUCKY
with the weather and it started raining, we could always go for some fish and chips.

Nothing gave us more pleasure after a TIRING
day at the seaside.

Задание 9 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

Lisa was getting ready for bed. She’d iust brushed her __TOOTH
__ and was deciding which book to read in bed.

As usual, she was thinking about a million other things at the same time. ‘Daddy’s got the __INTERESTING
__ job in the whole world,’ she thought.

I wonder if I’ll be a teacher like Daddy when I’m __OLD
__ ,’she then thought. ‘Maybe I’ll be an astronaut.’

She smiled to __SHE
__ at the idea of speeding through space in a spaceship.

Then she stopped __SMILE
__ . ‘But if I’m an astronaut. I’ll be away from my family, friends and cat.’

She __KNOW
__ it was impossible to be an astronaut and see her family all the time.

She __MAKE
__ a decision. ‘I won’t do that job, then. I want to see my cat every evening.’

At that moment, her cat Timothy __COME
__ into the room. Timothy looked at her, as if to say: ‘I want to see you every day, too.’

Lisa was getting ready for bed. She’d iust brushed her TEETH
and was deciding which book to read in bed.

As usual, she was thinking about a million other things at the same time. ‘Daddy’s got the MOST INTERESTING
job in the whole world,’ she thought.

I wonder if I’ll be a teacher like Daddy when I’m OLDER
,’ she then thought. ‘Maybe I’ll be an astronaut.’

She smiled to HERSELF
at the idea of speeding through space in a spaceship.

Then she stopped SMILING
. ‘But if I’m an astronaut. I’ll be away from my family, friends and cat.’

She KNEW
it was impossible to be an astronaut and see her family all the time.

She MADE
a decision. ‘I won’t do that job, then. I want to see my cat every evening.’

At that moment, her cat Timothy CAME
into the room. Timothy looked at her, as if to say: ‘I want to see you every day, too.’

‘Now,’ said Lisa. ‘What book do you want __ME
__ to read to you before bed tonight, Timothy?’

Задание 10 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 and died in 1973. He’s an extremely well-known __PAINT
__.

Although he was born in Spain, he spent most of his __AMAZE
__ life in Paris.

Most of Picassos pictures are quite __USUAL
__ to look at, as they contain strange shapes and very weird faces.

His pictures are very bright. __VIEW
__ often say they are dramatic works of art.

Picasso had close __FRIEND
__ with several other famous people from that time, including Henri Matisse and Gertrude Stein.

His talent was widely recognised during his lifetime, and when people think of the greatest artists of all time, they __GENERAL
__ think of him.

Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 and died in 1973. He’s an extremely well-known PAINTER
.

Although he was born in Spain, he spent most of his AMAZING
life in Paris.

Most of Picassos pictures are quite UNUSUAL
to look at, as they contain strange shapes and very weird faces.

His pictures are very bright. VIEWERS
often say they are dramatic works of art.

Picasso had close FRIENDSHIPS
with several other famous people from that time, including Henri Matisse and Gertrude Stein.

His talent was widely recognised during his lifetime, and when people think of the greatest artists of all time, they GENERALLY
think of him.

Задание 11 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

Red Square is a city square in the centre of Moscow. It __CONSIDER
__ by some people to be the centre of all of Russia.

Its name __NOT COME
__ from the red bricks that make up the square, nor from any connection to a type of government.

Rather, the word ‘red’ in Russian can also mean ‘beautiful’. As the square has grand and beautiful buildings, __IT
__ appearance is indeed lovely.

Originally, the square __DESIGN
__ to be a market-place, but it has also been used for other purposes.

Official ceremonies __TAKE
__ place there over the years, such as the crowning of tsars in past centuries.

Around the square, there __BE
__ several important buildings, such as the Kremlin and St Basils Cathedral.

In 1990. Red Square __BECOME
__ a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Kremlin.

Red Square is also used for rock concerts __THIS
__ days. Performers such as Paul McCartney, Shakira and the Red Hot Chili Peppers have played there.

McCartneys band, The Beatles, was not allowed to play in Russia. McCartnev, however, was the __TWO
__ Beatle to perform in Russia, after Ringo Starr played there in 1998.

Red Square is a city square in the centre of Moscow. It IS CONSIDER
by some people to be the centre of all of Russia.

Its name DOES NOT COME
from the red bricks that make up the square, nor from any connection to a type of government.

Rather, the word ‘red’ in Russian can also mean ‘beautiful’. As the square has grand and beautiful buildings, ITS
appearance is indeed lovely.

Originally, the square WAS DESIGNED
to be a market-place, but it has also been used for other purposes.

Official ceremonies HAVE TAKEN
place there over the years, such as the crowning of tsars in past centuries.

Around the square, there ARE
several important buildings, such as the Kremlin and St Basils Cathedral.

In 1990. Red Square BECAME
a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Kremlin.

Red Square is also used for rock concerts THESE
days. Performers such as Paul McCartney, Shakira and the Red Hot Chili Peppers have played there.

McCartneys band, The Beatles, was not allowed to play in Russia. McCartnev, however, was the SECOND
Beatle to perform in Russia, after Ringo Starr played there in 1998.

Задание 12 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию

Задание
Ответ

When Nick returned from his holiday, he met his friend Jill for a drink. She asked him if he had had a __RELAX
__ time.

Nick said he’d really enjoyed swimming and visiting all the __ATTRACT
__ but that it hadn’t all been perfect.

Because of this, Jill asked him what had made him __HAPPY
__ during the trip.

‘You can’t __EASY
__ enjoy vourself when you’re sweating all the time,’ he said.

Jill reminded him that now he was back in London, where it was grey and __CLOUD
__.

‘I know’ said Nick, ‘but __LUCKY
__ I still have some sunburn from Thailand to keep me warm!’

When Nick returned from his holiday, he met his friend Jill for a drink. She asked him if he had had a RELAXING
time.

Nick said he’d really enjoyed swimming and visiting all the ATTRACTIONS
but that it hadn’t all been perfect.

Because of this, Jill asked him what had made him UNHAPPY
during the trip.

Nick replied that he hadn’t really liked the hot weather.
‘You can’t EASILY
enjoy vourself when you’re sweating all the time,’ he said.

Jill reminded him that now he was back in London, where it was grey and CLOUDY
.

‘I know’ said Nick, ‘but LUCKILY
I still have some sunburn from Thailand to keep me warm!’

Источник

Каждый человек хотя бы раз в жизни менял работу. Это происходило по разным причинам, начиная от низкой зарплаты до неприятного цвета обоев в офисе. Тема ухода и смены места работы поднимается на каждом собеседовании, поэтому вам необходимо владеть лексикой для подобного обсуждения. Все возможные причины ухода с работы мы разбили на четыре типичные ситуации, в каждой из которых используется особая лексика, обозначающая различные пути ухода с места работы.

Ситуация 1

Вас не устраивают условия, вам мало платят, вы недовольны рабочим графиком или ваш начальник – монстр. Пора искать другую работу. Но для этого вам сперва придется уволиться со старой. Для этого в английском существуют глаголы resign и quit и различные выражения с ними:

resign [rɪ’zaɪn] – уходить в отставку, подавать в отставку, оставлять пост, уволиться
quit [kwɪt] – уволиться с работы
to resign one’s office/ post/ position – отказаться от своей должности, уйти в отставку
to send/ hand/ give in one’s resignation – подать прошение об отставке; подать заявление об уходе

Эти глаголы всегда используются в активном залоге, потому что решение принимаете вы сами:

I resigned./ I quitted. – Я уволился.

Have you heard that the CEO resigned his position? – Слыхали, что генеральный директор ушел с поста?

We were shocked when the Minister of Finance resigned his office. – Мы были шокированы, узнав, что министр финансов подал в отставку.

I am determined to find another job. I have already handed in my resignation. – Я полон решимости найти новую работу. Я уже подал заявление об уходе.

Ситуация 2

Вы достигли пенсионного возраста (retirement age) и пора вам уходить на заслуженный отдых, то есть на пенсию (retirement [rɪ’taɪəmənt]). Воспользуемся глаголом retire [rɪ’taɪə] – уходить в отставку, на пенсию, отправлять в отставку, на пенсию.

Данный глагол можно встретить и в активном, и в пассивном залоге, потому что случается, что работников отправляют на пенсию, хотя они еще могут работать.

Сравните:

He retired when he was 60. – Он ушел на пенсию, когда ему было 60.

He was retired when he was 60. – Его отправили на пенсию, когда ему было 60.

Рассмотрим фразы с глаголом retire:

to retire early – рано выходить на пенсию
to retire on medical grounds – уходить на пенсию по состоянию здоровья
to retire from business – отойти от дел
to retire as (headmaster) – уйти в отставку с поста (директора школы)

Ситуация 3

Ваша компания переживает трудные времена либо проводит реорганизацию, либо меняется собственник. В таких ситуациях обычно проводится сокращение штата – redundancy [rɪ’dʌndən(t)sɪ]:

be redundant [rɪ’dʌndənt] – быть уволенным по сокращению штатов, по причинам, не зависящим от работника
to make redundant – cокращать сотрудников
to be made redundant – попасть под сокращение

Можно использовать и в пассивном, и в активном залоге:

The new owner made half of staff redundant. – Новый владелец сократил половину персонала.

After the end of the project we will have to make 5 junior developers redundant. – После окончания проекта нам придется сократить пятерых младших разработчиков.

She was made redundant last year. – Ее сократили в прошлом году.

The factory was closed down so hundreds of people were made redundant. – Фабрику закрыли, поэтому сотни людей попали под сокращение.

Кроме того, в английском имеется фразовый глагол lay off, обозначающий «увольнять, сокращать». Как правило, lay off подразумевает «временное» увольнение, то есть после определенного периода работник может вернуться на работу.

Заботливые западные работодатели иногда обеспечивают сокращенным работникам помощь в поиске новой работы или переквалификации, привлекая агентства по трудоустройству. В английском это называется термином outplacement.

Ситуация 4

Вы грубо нарушаете трудовую дисциплину, не являетесь на работу, опаздываете на деловые встречи, сорвали подписание важного контракта. Начальство больше не может терпеть такого сотрудника. Вам светит не что иное, как увольнение.

Но только вышеупомянутые слова resign и quit в данной ситуации не понадобятся. Если вас выгоняют с работы, то для описания ситуации используются совершенно другие глаголы и выражения. Каждый из них может использоваться и в активном, и в пассивном залоге. Если важно, кто именно увольняет, то используем активный, но обычно мы этого не уточняем, поэтому эти глаголы довольно часто употребляются в пассивном залоге. Рассмотрим эти комбинации:

Увольнять с работы	Быть уволенным с работы
to dismiss [dɪs’mɪs]	to be dismissed
to terminate [‘tɜːmɪneɪt]	to be terminated
to discharge [dɪs’ʧɑːʤ]	to be discharged
to fire [‘faɪə]	to be fired
to sack [sæk] to give a sack	to be sacked to get the sack to be given a sack

They dismissed him for incompetence./ He was dismissed for incompetence. – Его уволили за некомпетентность.

They terminated him for being rude to the customers./ He was terminated for being rude to the customers. – Его уволили за то, что он грубил покупателям.

They discharged him because he played truant from work./ He was discharged for playing truant from work. – Его уволили, потому что он прогуливал работу.

I will fire you if you are late again./ You will be fired if you are late again. – Вы будете уволены, если еще раз опоздаете.

They gave her a sack for laziness./ She was given a sack. – Ее уволили за лень.

Слова fire и sack непривычно видеть в значении «увольнять». Мы с вами знаем, что первоначально fire – огонь, sack – мешок, поэтому данные выражения смело можно назвать идиомами. Наверняка, в фильмах вы не раз слышали фразу «You are fired!», произнесенную с определенной интонацией и сопровождающуюся характерным жестом. Как же слова fire и sack приобрели свои новые значения?

Дело в том, что в старину в Англии все работники имели свои инструменты, которые хранили в специальном мешке (sack). При этом они часто путешествовали с места на место со своими инструментами, меняя места работы. При устройстве на новую работу работники сдавали свои мешки на хранение работодателю. Когда заканчивался срок службы, работа была выполнена, или работодатель увольнял работника, он возвращал мешки работникам (give the sack), и они отправлялись дальше в поисках работы.

Если же работник был уличен в краже, то работодатель на глазах других наемников сжигал его мешок вместе с инструментами, чтобы в дальнейшем вор не мог найти другую работу. Это служило уроком и профилактикой воровства. Такая форма наказания называлась firing the tools или being fired, соответственно: «He is fired» – «Он уволен».

Оба выражения прижились в английском языке, их используют довольно часто, однако они имеют оттенок неформальности, поэтому употребляются в разговорной речи.

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Источник

dismiss | retire |

In transitive terms the difference between dismiss and retire

is that dismiss is to reject; to refuse to accept while retire is to cause to retire; specifically, to designate as no longer qualified for active service; to place on the retired list; as, to retire a military or naval officer.

As a noun retire is

the act of retiring, or the state of being retired; also, a place to which one retires.

Other Comparisons: What’s the difference?

dismiss

English

Verb

(senseid)(lb) To discharge; to end the employment or service of.

(lb) To order to leave.

(lb) To dispel; to rid one’s mind of.

(lb) To reject; to refuse to accept.

*:»He was here,» observed Drina composedly, «and father was angry with him.» ¶ «What?» exclaimed Eileen. «When?» ¶ «This morning, before father went downtown.» ¶ Both Selwyn and Lansing cut in coolly, dismissing the matter with a careless word or two; and coffee was served—cambric tea in Drina’s case.

To get a batsman out.

To give someone a red card; to send off.

*{{quote-news, year=2010, date=December 28, author=Kevin Darlin, work=BBC, title= West Brom 1-3 Blackburn
, passage=Kalinic later saw red for a rash tackle on Paul Scharner before Gabriel Tamas was dismissed for bringing down Diouf.}}

retire

English

Noun

(en noun)

(rare) The act of retiring, or the state of being retired; also, a place to which one retires.

(dated) A call sounded on a bugle, announcing to skirmishers that they are to retire, or fall back.

At the retire , the cavalry fell back.

Verb

To withdraw; to take away; — sometimes used reflexively.

* Sir Philip Sidney

He retired himself, his wife, and children into a forest.

* Sir J. Davies

As when the sun is present all the year, / And never doth retire his golden ray.

To withdraw from circulation, or from the market; to take up and pay; as, to retire bonds; to retire a note.

The central bank retired those notes five years ago.

To cause to retire; specifically, to designate as no longer qualified for active service; to place on the retired list; as, to retire a military or naval officer.

The board retired the old major.

(transitive, cricket, of a batsman) to voluntarily stop batting before being dismissed so that the next batsman can bat

Jones retired in favour of Smith.

(transitive, baseball, of a fielder), to make a defensive play which results in a runner or the batter being put out

Jones retired Smith 6-3.

To go back or return; to draw back or away; to keep aloof; to withdraw or retreat, as from observation; to go into privacy; as, to retire to his home; to retire from the world, or from notice.

I will retire to the study.»

To retreat from action or danger; to withdraw for safety or pleasure; as, to retire from battle.

The regiment retired from the fray after the Major was killed.

To withdraw from a public station, from working, or from business

Having made a large fortune, he retired .

He wants to retire at 55.

To recede; to fall or bend back; as, the shore of the sea retires in bays and gulfs.

Past the point, the shore retires into a sequence of coves.

To go to bed; as, he usually retires early.

I will retire for the night.

Derived terms

* (l)
* (l)
* (l)
* (cricket) (l)

Источник

Global warming sparks scramble for black gold under retreating ice.

Evolution of retreating subduction boundaries formed during continental collision.

Their mood changed only after the governor — wi retreated into his palace.

However, after contact with the mucus, the ants retreated and exhibited antennal cleaning, especially when contact with the nectary took place soon after mucus treatment.

They can automate their response, as with a doomsday machine, or change their environment, as when troops burn their bridges to make retreats impossible.

Prospective proponents of universal worker protection policy retreated, conceding business prerogatives in the labor market.

In exploration, he advances, fixating the stimulus, just as he does if, after retreating, he regains courage and pursues the object.

After this loss of honour (for such was the decree’s real significance), conservative nobles retreated into passivity or departed altogether.

To her, the increasingly guilty pleasure she took in retreating into her own imaginary world and characters was a form of false worship.

Whenever it seems that a summatory point is going to be made, the author persistently retreats into jargon, loading his sentences with unnecessarily complex terminology.

They believe that such terms can only stand for internal mechanisms; a behaviorist who uses them must therefore be retreating from behaviorism.

Study courses and retreats were methods used to spread the word among a core of activists.

As silence retreats, the sonic entity in our external world enters in and becomes part of the constant exchange inside us.

The literature also indicates that the glaciers generally retreated during the first half of the nineteenth century.

Middle-class residents were anxious to demarcate themselves from the working class, and sought to do so by retreating into private suburban domesticity.

Любые мнения в примерах не отражают мнение редакторов Cambridge Dictionary или издательства Cambridge University Press или ее лицензиаров.

Источник

‘to dismiss’ is more formal, ‘to fire (out)’ is less formal

Explanation:
Hope it helps you. Good luck, Виктория!

fire …
4: terminate the employment of; «The boss fired his secretary today»; «The company terminated 25% of its workers» [syn: give notice, can, dismiss, give the axe, send away, sack, force out, give the sack, terminate] [ant: hire]
Source: WordNet ® 2.0, © 2003 Princeton University
dis·miss ( P ) Pronunciation Key (ds-ms)
tr.v. dis·missed, dis·miss·ing, dis·miss·es
To end the employment or service of; discharge.

Synonyms: dismiss, boot, 1bounce, can, 2cashier, 2discharge, drop, fire, sack
1 These verbs mean to terminate the employment of: was dismissed for insubordination; was booted for being late; afraid of being bounced for union activities; wasn’t canned because his uncle owns the business; will be cashiered from the army; resort workers discharged at the end of the season; was dropped for incompetence; was fired unjustly; a reporter sacked for revealing a confidential source. See also synonyms at eject

[Download or Buy Now]
Source: The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Main Entry: dis·miss
Function: transitive verb
1 : to remove from position or service <dismissed the employee>
2 : to bring about or order the dismissal of (an action) <the suit was dismissed> intransitive verb : to bring about or order a dismissal <the plaintiff moved to dismiss>

dismiss

v 1: bar from attention or consideration; «She dismissed his advances» [syn: disregard, brush aside, brush off, discount, push aside, ignore] 2: cease to consider; put out of judicial consideration; «This case is dismissed!» [syn: throw out] 3: stop associating with; «They dropped her after she had a child out of wedlock» [syn: send packing, send away, drop] 4: terminate the employment of; «The boss fired his secretary today»; «The company terminated 25% of its workers» [syn: fire, give notice, can, give the axe, send away, sack, force out, give the sack, terminate] [ant: hire] 5: end one’s encounter with somebody by causing or permitting the person to leave; «I was dismissed after I gave my report» [syn: usher out] 6: declare void; «The President dissolved the parliament and called for new elections» [syn: dissolve]

Source: WordNet ® 2.0, © 2003 Princeton University
http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=dismiss&r=67
+
http://www.tunu.com/sear/d/i/dismiss.html

Reference: http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=fire&r=67
Reference: http://www.tunu.com/sear/d/i/dismiss.html

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Ситуация 1

Ситуация 2

Ситуация 3

Ситуация 4

In transitive terms the difference between dismiss and retire

As a noun retire is

Other Comparisons: What’s the difference?

dismiss

English

Verb

retire

English

Noun

Verb

Derived terms