Education for the 21st century егэ ответы

Задание № 9171

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UNIVERSITIES AND FURTHER EDUCATION

Task 1. Memorize the words and word combinations.

FOCUS VOCABULARY.

graduate (from) –закончить высшее учебное заведение

graduation paper– дипломная работа

post-graduate (student)– аспирант

~ studies – учеба в аспирантуре

campus –университетский комплекс

certificate –удостоверение, сертификат

council –совет

academic ~ – ученый совет

course –курс (теоретический)

compulsory ~ – обязательный курс

optional ~ – необязательный/факультативный курс

to take a post-graduate ~ in – поступить/учиться в аспирантуре

to design / to tailor ~ – разработать курс

in-service training ~ – курс повышения квалификации

curriculum– программа, учебный план

syllabus– программа (обучения)

department –кафедра, отделение

head of (the) ~ – заведующий кафедрой, руководитель отделения

the ~ of English/the English ~ – кафедра английского языка

correspondence ~ – заочное отделение

full time ~ – дневное отделение

part time ~ – вечернее отделение

diploma –диплом

the ~ in higher education – диплом о высшем образовании

education– образование

higher ~ – высшее образование, высшая школа

further (post-diploma) ~ – последипломное образование

college– колледж

~ of higher education – колледж

~ of further education/further education college –

~ of technology/commerce/art – технологический, коммерческий, худо-

жественный колледж

technical ~ – техникум

school– школа, училище, курсы

language ~ – языковые курсы

ballet ~ – хореографическое училище

art ~ – художественное училище

vocational ~ – профессиональное техническое училище

medical ~ – медучилище

university– университет

pedagogical (teacher-training)~ – педагогический университет

polytechnical ~ – политехнический университет

technological ~ – технологический университет

medical ~ – медицинский университет

agricultural ~ – агротехнический университет

Oxford/Cambridge university

London university, butthe University of London

faculty –факультет

~ of arts (arts faculty) – факультет гуманитарных наук (языки, история,

философия и др.)

~ of social sciences – факультет общественных наук

~ of education – педагогический факультет

~ of science – факультет естественных наук (биология, химия, физика и др.)

~ of engineering – факультет технических (прикладных) наук

~ of medicine/law – факультет медицины/права

~ of economics/history – экономический, исторический факультет

philological faculty or faculty of arts / arts faculty – филологический факультет

field of study– область изучения

grant –стипендия, материальная поддержка

to train– обучать

~ smb. for a job/profession – готовить кого-либо к профессии

laboratory –лаборатория, кабинет

biology/chemistry ~ – кабинет биологии/химии

staff –штат

teaching/academic ~– профессорско-преподавательский состав

~ meeting – заседание кафедры

~ room – преподавательская

lecturer –преподаватель

university teacher/~ – преподаватель университета

senior ~ – старший преподаватель

principal ~ or reader – доцент

junior or assistant ~ – ассистент

tutor– куратор

in-service training of teachers– повышение квалификации преподавателей

Task 2. Read and translate the text with the help of a dictionary.TTask 2

Education in the 21st Century

Many countries consider education a major vehicle of social advancement. Training of highly qualified specialists, capable of solving the most complex problems of modern society is the main priority of higher education. The efforts of our scientists have always been focused on the fundamental problems of humanities, natural and social sciences. Knowledge, science and culture open the prospects into the future for every person.

At the end of the century the system of higher and further education in our country underwent a process of great reforms. They were initiated to provide closer links between education and technological needs of industry. New goals were set to link higher education more directly to the economy, improve the quality of scientific research, provide educational and research institutions with more modern technology and new laboratory facilities. The major significance of the reforms was to move toward the democratization of university administration and the “humanitarization” of the educational process in terms of students’ individual aptitudes and needs.

A distinguishing feature of our universities is that they are becoming internationally oriented. We have joined the European Cultural Convention which enables us to participate in all projects concerning higher and further education, academic mobility and recognition of qualification. The universities also expand their cooperation with such authoritative international organizations as UNESCO and the Council of Europe.

The need to make education more democratic and universal arises from the fact that our country is integrating with the European community. In this respect educators have to think of how our universities should educate their students about the rest of the world. The world in which most adult Belarusians grew to maturity no longer exists. The cold war is over. Issues such as environment, changes rate, and economic competition, public health, national security, poverty, population control, and human rights affect every country domestically as well as internationally. Under these circumstances attending to domestic needs requires understanding of national, cultural, and socio-economic boundaries.

The characteristic feature and the main trend in modern higher ad further education is not only to check students’ knowledge but develop their abilities and creative thinking. Today’s scientific and technological progress demands of the university graduates to be prepared to deepen their knowledge individually and adapt themselves quickly to the changes in the branches or science or industry they have chosen as their speciality or research. In addition to offering programs based on traditional academic disciplines, higher education must develop problem-focused programs of study that are more practical than theoretical and are oriented around problems of the real world.

Much has already been done and is being done to transform the national system of education. A wide range of non-state schools, colleges and institutes have been introduced. Some higher educational establishments began changing tuition in the above-mentioned direction.

Of course, university education still faces a great variety of problems, connected with implementation of new disciplines, retraining of the faculty, reorienting university policies and programs towards new goals. But if we want to prosper in the new environment of the 21st century, our universities must truly orient themselves around new goals. None of these goals will be achieved quickly and easily but the benefits of putting them in place will far exceed the efforts required.

Task 3. Answer the questions using the information from the text.

1. What is the role of education in modern society? Has it changed a lot with a course of time?

2. At the turn of the century higher and further education underwent great reforms.

What are these reforms aimed at?

3. What are the distinguishing features and the main trends in higher and further education?

4. What does the need to make universities more democratic and internationally oriented arise from?

5. Why is it necessary to develop creative thinking? What are the ways of achieving this goal?

6. What difficulties do we face on the way of reforming the system of education?

7. Do you agree that reforming the system of education we shouldn’t forget our national interests and values in education? We must preserve all the achievements of the previous school not to destroy the whole system.

Task 4. a) Scan the text and find out some information about the Belarusian State University. b) Make a plan of the text. c) Write an essay about our University using the plan of the text and necessary vocabulary from the text.

Today we will do a lot of work and of course we continue to speak about school

Reading: The Role of Education in the 21st Century

Our world is changing, and in order to prepare our children for this new world we need to change the way we educate them. In the 21st century educators must create a curriculum that will help students connect with the world and understand the issues that our world faces. There are many skills that children will need in order to be successful in the 21st century. Education has always been important to national life in England. Many kings, queens and several governments tried to improve it. But the present-day system of education was formed in the twentieth century.

INTRODUCTION

 In modern times, when science and technical knowledge are progressing so fast, governments of countries living a complex modern life cannot but pay much attention to their national education systems to keep leading positions in the world ranks.   English education is considered to be one of the best in the world. It is not a secret that a lot of children and young people dream of studying in England. Parents understanding that a modern person should be well educated to be a success send their children to the best schools and colleges of the United Kingdom.    

   And what is it that makes it so popular all over the world? That is the question which I will try to answer in this paper.

   To clarify the subject I need to answer some fundamental questions such as: What are the main steps in the history of English schools? What types of schools are there and how do they meet the needs of pupils of different abilities and encourage pupils to study seriously? For how long do English children go to school and how their results in studying are measured?    

   I will show what the system of the 21^st century is.  

   So, let us examine some of sources of information and try to answer these and some other questions.

  Today^’s England has a reputation for scientific research and education is extremely important in this country.

  British children are required by law to have an education until they are 16 years old.

   Education is compulsory, but school is not, children are not required to attend school. They could be educated at home.

   Section 7 of the 1996 Education Act states:

«The parent of every child of compulsory school age shall cause him to receive efficient full-time education suitable-

(a) to his age, ability and aptitude, and 
(b) to any special educational needs he may have,

either by regular attendance at school or otherwise.«

   Full-time education is compulsory for all children aged between 5 and 16 (inclusive) across England. This can be provided by state schools, independent schools, or homeschooling.

   About 94 per cent of pupils in England, and the rest of the UK, receive free education from public funds, while 6 per cent attend independent fee paying schools or homeschooling.

   Education is an important part of British life. There are hundreds of schools, colleges and universities, including some of the most famous in the world.

Eton is for boys aged 13 to 18 largely from aristocratic and upper-class families. It provides exceptionally fine teaching facilities, for example in science, languages, computing and design. There are two large libraries and a number of well stocked subject libraries. Every student can choose his own academic tutor to supervise his work.

Sing a song: “They are teaching”

What school is teaching.

1.To write words like Motherland
In a neat and knowing hand
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.
Add up figures with a run
Not to tease a younger one
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.

2.How to build a house for birds
And correctly spell the words
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.
To be kind and care the books,
Mind our way and mind our looks
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.

3.To explain the grammar rules,
Watch the raindrops hit the pools
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.
To obey as well as lead
And to be a friend in need
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. Earning money for education has its minuses.

2. These two things can change the teacher’s motivation.

3. Money is not all that matters to the devoted teacher.

4. Teachers can also learn from their students.

5. Even the best of teachers can’t be effective without students’ input.

6. Teaching brings the whole world to the classroom.

7. Students’ true interest in the subject is the best reward for the teacher.

Говорящий	A	В	С	D	Е	F
Утверждение

2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

[A] Linda and Frank are going to the movies.

[В] Mel Gibson’s character fights in the War of Independence.

[С] Frank thinks the plot benefits from love stories.

[D] Mel Gibson’s character falls in love with a British girl.

[E] Frank finds the film unrealistic in many. ways.

[F] Frank is sure costumes will be the main attraction for Linda in the film.

[G] Linda plans to see the film that very night

Утверждение	А	В	С	D	Е	F	G
Соответствие диалогу

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3. David has some work experience as …

1) a military pilot.

2) a pilot of regional airlines.

3) a British Airlines representative.

Ответ: [ ]

4. David’s present duties include …

1) helping his senior colleagues with their luggage and uniform.

2) paging important information to his senior colleagues.

3) replacing his senior colleagues when they are ill.

Ответ: [ ]

5. What is annoying to David in his current job?

1) The airline’s plans can go wrong.

2) It takes him too long to get to the airport.

3) Being paged interrupts his personal life.

Ответ: [ ]

6. Describing some difficulties in his current job, David says that …

1) it is a normal part of a reserve pilot’s career.

2) other pilots have more serious problems.

3) he expects his job to become more difficult in the future.

Ответ: [ ]

7. What is the biggest disadvantage of David’s current job?

1) Lack of free time.

2) Irregular working hours.

3) Low salary.

Ответ: [ ]

8. Speaking about his flat-mates, David says that …

1) they are not very friendly to him.

2) they always argue about who will cook the meals.

3) he doesn’t have the opportunity to see them very often.

Ответ: [ ]

9. What kind of training will David need in the future?

1) Training in flying A320.

2) Training for keeping up with changes.

3) Training in the company’s operations.

Ответ: [ ]

По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 2. Чтение

10. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблиц. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Milk can be dangerous

2. Fighting poverty

3. The history of milk

4. Why you should drink milk

5. Milk around the world

6. A programme with a milky name

7. From glass to plastic

8. More than food

A. Milk is a primary source of nutrition for young mammals, including human babies, before they are able to digest other types of food. Moreover, it’s proved that milk carries antibodies from mothers to babies protecting them from illnesses or reducing the risk of them. So, apart from containing necessary nutrients for a newborn, milk has other important functions as well.

B. As an agricultural product, milk is extracted from mammals such as cows or goats and used as food for humans. Worldwide, dairy farms produce about 730 min tons of milk from 260 min dairy cows. India is the world’s largest producer and consumer of milk yet it neither imports nor exports milk. New Zealand and the USA are the world’s largest exporters of milk products.

C. Throughout the world, there are more than 6 billion consumers of milk and milk products and over 750 million people live within dairy farms. Milk is a key contributor to improving nutrition and food security particularly in developing countries. Improvements in livestock and dairy technology offer significant promise in reducing poverty and malnutrition in the world.

D. Historically, milk was sold by milkmen in jars. The first glass bottle packaging for milk was used in the 1870s. The first company to do so may have been the New York Dairy Company in 1877. The Express Dairy Company in England began glass bottle production in 1880. Later in 1932 plastic coated paper milk cartons were introduced commercially and they are still popular worldwide.

E. It’s recommended that a person consume 3 glasses of fat-free or low-fat milk for adults and children 9 and older (less for younger children) per day. However, this recommendation is being disputed at the time given that there are other sources for calcium and vitamin D. Probably whole milk is still better for health due to its increased ability to satiate hunger.

F. However, many people in the world are unable to consume cow’s milk because they are unable to digest the sugar in milk called lactose. This sugar only exists in mammals’ milk. Most babies can digest lactose, but some people lose this ability after the age of two. Symptoms of lactose intolerance include nausea, cramps, and diarrhea and usually appear within two hours of consuming milk.

G. Milk is a must in every frig of a household. It’s such a common product that a new app for mobiles to help you plan your day wisely and remember important things was called ‘Remember the milk’. The programme sends you e-mails or SMS to remind you about the things you’ve planned. You can even change your plans in this program while being offline.

Ответ:

A	В	C	D	E	F	G

11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Education for the 21st century

Since its creation in 1945, UNESCO’s mission has been to contribute to the building of peace, poverty eradication, lasting development and intercultural dialogue. Education is A ____________. The Organization is committed to a holistic and humanistic vision of quality education worldwide, В ____________, and the belief that education plays a fundamental role in human, social and economic development.

UNESCO’s educational objectives are to support the achievement of education for all; to provide global and regional leadership in education; to strengthen education systems worldwide from early childhood to the adult years; C ____________ through education.

UNESCO’s work encompasses educational development from pre-school through D ____________, non-formal education and literacy.

The Organization focuses on increasing access, E ____________ develops knowledge and skills in areas such as sustainable development, human rights and gender equality. UNESCO works with governments and a wide range of partners to F ____________ through policy change. It coordinates the Education for All movement, tracks education trends and raises the profile of educational needs on global development agendas.

1. the realization of everyone’s right to education

2. one of its principal activities to achieve this aim

3. make education systems more effective

4. to respond to contemporary global challenges

5. „ stimulating teachers to work more effectively

6. to higher education, including vocational education

7. improving quality, and ensuring that education

Ответ:

A	В	C	D	E	F

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The Maya civilization

The Maya civilization was one of the most advanced cultures in Mesoamerica, and their empire’s incredible reign (and mysterious collapse) is a source of fascination for all types of scholars. The culture is well-known for its long-count calendar, inscribed on a large stone, as well as its incredible architecture, and for having the first fully developed written language in the Americas. This is known due to the codices, or folding books, which have been found in various historical sites and are considered some of the era’s most important artifacts.

While many of these volumes were destroyed in the years during and after the Spanish conquest, three of the codices have been established as authentic beyond doubt. They are named after the cities in which they eventually came to reside: the Dresden, Madrid, and Paris codices. Other Maya books are extremely rare due to disintegration; many excavations of archaeological sites have unearthed lumps of plaster which are the remains of tomes where all organic matter has decomposed.

The Dresden Codex is one of the more well-known books, found in Chichen Itza. The last is believed to be the central city of the Maya civilization! The Dresden Codex is the oldest book written in the Western Hemisphere that’s ever been found, and consists of 39 double-sided sheets of amate paper. One of the most interesting things about the book is that it was written by eight different authors in a variety of colors, styles, and glyphs. The volume has an extraordinarily accurate astronomical table, including a chart that predicts the movement of Venus in the sky. It’s believed that the Maya rulers would organize their wars to occur only when the planet had risen. We still can’t explain what made it possible for the Maya people to make such accurate astronomical observations without special equipment, so there are constant talks about possible contacts of Maya with other interspace civilizations.

The Madrid Codex is more varied than the Dresden, and is thought to have been written by only one person after the Spanish had already arrived in Mesoamerica. It may have been sent back to Spain by Herman Cortes himself, and it now resides in the Museo de America in Madrid. The source city for this book is believed to be Tayasal, which was conquered by conquistadors in 1697.

The Paris Codex was acquired by France in 1832, and promptly disappeared for several years shortly after a few reproduction drawings had been made. It was rediscovered in 1859 in a basket of papers in the National Library, and is in poor condition as a result. The book contains prophecies relating to the Maya long-count calendar as well as their zodiac. Many people still believe in the verity of Maya prophecies, or at least in our ability to decipher them.

While these three are the only authenticated Maya codices, there are a number of others which are believed to be forgeries; the rarity of this type of artifact naturally causes a spike in the price for a new one. The Grolier Codex surfaced in the 1970s, and consists of 11 pages, which were discovered in a cave. It is an extremely convincing artifact, but scholars are in serious disagreement over its legitimacy. While the paper is ancient enough, the pictures on it have many inconsistencies and errors, and no consensus has yet been reached.

12. Which of the following is, according to the author, NOT what the Maya civilization is famous for?

1) Knowledge.

2) Outstanding constructions.

3) Military victories.

4) Time-planning charts.

Ответ: [ ]

13. The Maya codices became so important for modem scholars because they

1) were found in different places.

2) are direct evidence of an ancient culture.

3) disclose ancient mysteries.

4) can still function as a calendar.

Ответ: [ ]

14. The Codices are named after several European cities because …

1) they were found there.

2) they are kept there.

3) these cities are also very old.

4) these cities are the best research centres.

Ответ: [ ]

15. According to the author, in Maya culture the planet Venus movement was used to show …

1) when to change the ruler.

2) the accuracy of astronomical tables.

3) how to organize their civilization.

4) when to start a military action.

Ответ: [ ]

16. It can be implied that the Madrid Codex was …

1) a war trophy.

2) bought for the museum.

3) the reason of an ancient conflict.

4) discovered by chance.

Ответ: [ ]

17. The Paris Codex is in the poorest condition because it was …

1) not kept in a library.

2) poorly copied.

3) neglected for a period of time.

4) discovered too late.

Ответ: [ ]

18. The scholars are in doubt about the authenticity of the Grolier Codex because of …

1) its controversial content.

2) the qualities of its paper.

3) the text style.

4) its size.

Ответ: [ ]

По окончании выполнения заданий 10—18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.

The North Pole has melted again

19. Two weeks of warm weather in the high Arctic have caused a lake to begin forming. To be clear, the water ____________ the pole is not sea water from the ocean.

20. It is ____________ ice water resting on a layer of ice below. “It’s a shallow lake. It’s a cold lake. But it is, actually, a lake,” writes William Wolfe of Canada.com.

21. That lake started to form on July 13 during a month of abnormally warm weather — temperatures were 1-3 degrees Celsius higher than average in the Arctic Ocean this month. In addition, the weather is likely to get ____________ over the coming week. An Arctic cyclone will bring strong winds and rain.

SURROUND

MELT

BAD

Snow in Brazil

22. According to the National Meteorology Institute, 87 towns in all three of Brazil’s southern states saw snow and freezing rain last week. The temperature ____________ below zero.

23. In some towns temperature as low as minus 7 degrees Celsius was registered. It was the ____________ time that it snowed in Florianopolis, and Curitiba, the capital of the state of Parana reported snow after 38 years.

24. Snow is rare in Brazil. Last year it ____________ out only in a handful of towns in the mountainous areas.

25. This year because of heavy snowfalls and low temperature a state of emergency ____________ in several towns of the country.

GO

ONE

FALL

DECLARE

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

Don’t swim with ‘Dusty’

26. Dolphins are known for their gentle personality. But the celebrity dolphin, ‘Dusty’, one can see in Doolin Harbour, County Clare, Ireland is different. This female dolphin is well-known for her ____________ behaviour.

27. One day she was bathing next to a wall and stone steps of the harbour, with two ____________ nearby.

28. She soon turned sinister as she began to bash her tail on the surface of the water in a sign of anger and ____________, causing enormous splashes.

29. ____________ the dolphin surged through the water and hit a woman, leaving her screaming in pain.

30. The ____________ woman began shouting for help. She was dragged onto the steps by a bystander, but Dusty soon came back and menacingly raised her head out of the water before swimming away.

31. Dusty was first spotted in the waters as far back as 2000. At times she can seem ____________ and welcoming of the attention, but she can quickly turn nasty. Lifeguards in the area are now putting out red flags whenever Dusty is spotted in the area and have asked tourists not to swim with the dolphin.

AGGRESSION

SWIM

IRRITATE

SUDDEN

FORTUNATE

FRIEND

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

My family

I don’t believe anyone could describe me as a snob. However, I do believe that the saying “There’s a place for everything, and everything has its place” 32 ____ equally well to human beings.

I was born in Yorkshire in Victorian times and I can safely 33 ____ that during this period my family played a considerable role. My father, Sir Raymond Hardcastle, was not only an inventor and industrialist of great imagination and skill, but he also built up one of the nation’s most successful companies. At the same time he always 34 ____ his workers as if they were all part of the family. Indeed it was this example that he 35 ____, whenever he dealt with those less fortunate than himself that has been the benchmark by which I have attempted to conduct my own life.

I have no brothers and just one elder sister, Amy. 36 ____ there were only a couple of years between us, I cannot pretend that we were even particularly close, perhaps because I was an outgoing child, while she was shy and reserved. Her only interests in life were gardening, crochet work and the occasional visit to Scarborough festival. She never 37 ____ an attempt to get out of the family circle.

Gerald and I first met when I had been a houseguest at Lord Fanshaw’s country home in Norfolk. As it turned 38 ____, we had much in common. We were married in July 1895 and our son Guy was born a year later. My father simply doted on Guy and left everything to him.

32.

1) concerns

2) applies

3) affects

4) influences

Ответ: [ ]

33.

1) say

2) speak

3) tell

4) talk

Ответ: [ ]

34.

1) counted

2) dealt

3) judged

4) treated

Ответ: [ ]

35.

1) did

2) made

3) set

4) put

Ответ: [ ]

36.

1) however

2) although

3) therefore

4) nevertheless

Ответ: [ ]

37.

1) made

2) did

3) took

4) held

Ответ: [ ]

38.

1) off

2) out

3) in

4) over

Ответ: [ ]

По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19—31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 4. Письмо

Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в бланке ответов № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.

39. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend John who writes:

…My brother has just graduated from University. He is a lawyer now. What professions are the most prestigious in Russia? What kinds of money-making jobs in Russia do not require a university degree? Do you want to go to college, why or why not?

This summer we are going on a three-day bicycle trip …

Write a letter to John.

In your letter

— answer his questions

— ask 3 questions about the trip Write 100-140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

40. Comment on the following statement.

Young people like travelling more than senior citizens.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an introduction (state the problem)

— express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

— express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

— make a conclusion restating your position

Расшифровка записи

Presenter: This is Education Today. Hello and welcome! In our studio today is William Chandler, founder and CEO of Boarding Best, the agency that will help your child find the best boarding school. Good morning, Mr. Chandler! Thank you for joining us today!

William Chandler: Good morning! Thank you for inviting me.

Presenter: So. A boarding school in the 21^st century. Is it really a thing? Isn’t it something from the Victorian era — if not earlier? Or, for that matter, — a fantasy book?

William Chandler: Well, yes and no. The first boarding school appeared in Britain in the 14^th century. That was Winchester College. Sixty years later, in 1440 Eton College opened its doors. And then some others. But the boom of boarding schools was, of course, in the 19^th century, as you have mentioned. The industrial revolution generated lots of money. Many industrialists could afford an expensive education for their children. Boarding schools for boys and for girls were thriving.

Presenter: I’m sure this changed in the 20^th century.

William Chandler: It did. By the end of the 20^th century boarding schools became less popular, and the number of boarders in Britain fell considerably. But now we see a true revival, even though everything comes at a cost.

Presenter: What do you mean?

William Chandler: Well, British boarding schools have always been quintessentially British, but today they are suffering from an identity crisis. Over 40% of their pupils come from other countries. And only 2-5% of British children are full boarders at boarding schools.

Presenter: Really? That’s incredible! Why is that?

William Chandler: Several reasons. First of all, prices have gone up in the last 10 years from about £23,000 per year to an average of £35,000 now. Many British middle and upper-middle class families who used to send their children to boarding schools, no longer can afford it. Whereas the growth of wealth in Asia combined with concerns about the quality of local education created a huge demand from overseas students. Another reason is that in the West, there’s recently been a change in attitudes towards children, their upbringing and education which made boarding schools less attractive to parents.

Presenter: I can understand that. I wouldn’t want to send my children away and miss watching them grow up. I would certainly want to be an influence in their upbringing.

William Chandler: Today many parents think the same way. But now you can find a reasonably good school locally, while in the previous centuries there were very few of them. Education was not compulsory, and only wealthy families could afford it and, for that matter, were interested in giving their children a good education. So, a boarding school was their only option. Besides, for centuries public schools were viewed as the place where a true English gentleman was raised. Parents would send their boys off to boarding schools hoping they would grow up less spoiled, more self-disciplined, and considerate of others.

Presenter: There is truth in that. I’ve heard many rich people say that it is a lot more difficult to raise a child when you are wealthy than if you are poor. It’s hard not to spoil them. Of course you can be a very strict parent, but then — how do you maintain good relationships with your children? It’s easier to delegate this mission to a school. But then the question is — how traditional are modern British boarding schools in that sense? There are many books written about their horrors and their fearful, cruel headmasters and headmistresses disciplining children.

William Chandler: I’m happy to say all that is in the past. Modern British boarding schools are extremely competitive. They have to be. Old ways are out of fashion now, and schools need a good reputation to get their students. So, no need to worry about that. (fading out)

Form: 8а

Date:

The theme of the lesson:

Education for the 21^st
century

The aim of the lesson:

Pupils say their opinion on the theme

The results:

А: to enlarge pupils`
knowledge on the theme

В: to enrich pupils`  lexicon
through new vocabulary.

С: Pupils discuss
about the education in the 21^st century

Criteria:

А: I  enlarge my 
knowledge on the theme

В: I  enrich my  lexicon through new
vocabulary.

С: I discuss about the education in the 21^st 
century

Module:

ICT, marking, youth ages, leadership.

Lesson equipment:

Presentation, projector, netbook, papers with tasks

The procedure of the lesson:

Stages of the lesson

Time

Teacher`s activity

Pupil`s activity

Organization moment

8 min

Good morning pupils

—        
Who is on duty
today?

—        
Who is absent?

—        
What date is it
today?

—        
What day is it
today?

Dividing into  3 groups:

What can you say about the Education for 21^st century

 

Let`s check up your home.  

I
check your home task with the method “Sticker`s dialogue”

Pupils choose the pictures then dividing into 3 groups.

Brainstorming

3 min

Let`s solve

1. At this subject you can learn how to use computer. (IT) 
2. At this subject you can run, jump, play
football or tennis. (PE) 
3. At this subject you can study nature and do
some experiments. (Science) 
4. At this subject you can paint your
favourite pictures. (Art) 
5. At this subject you can read stories,
novels and poems. (Literature) 
6. At this subject you can travel from our
days to 2nd, 3rd or 12th centuries.(History) 
7. At this subject you can count and write
figures. (Maths) 
8. At this subject you can learn to speak, to
read, to write in foreign language. (English) 

New words

Educator –  a person who provides instruction or
education, a teacher

To creat – құру, жасау, жарату

Science – ғылым

To consider – қарастыру, ойлау

To clarify – нақтылау, түсіндіру

To examine – зерттеу, тексеру, сынау

To require – талап ету

Main part

18 min

3 min

 Today we will do a lot of work and of course we
continue to speak about school

Reading: The Role of Education in the 21st Century

Our world is changing, and in
order to prepare our children for this new world we need to change the way we
educate them. In the 21st century educators must create a curriculum that
will help students connect with the world and understand the issues that our
world faces. There are many skills that children will need in order to be
successful in the 21st century. Education has always been important to national life in England. Many
kings, queens and several governments tried to improve it. But the
present-day system of education was formed in the twentieth century.

INTRODUCTION

 In modern times,
when science and technical knowledge are progressing so fast, governments of
countries living a complex modern life cannot but pay much attention to their
national education systems to keep leading positions in the world
ranks.   English education is considered to be one of the best in
the world. It is not a secret that a lot of children and young people dream
of studying in England. Parents understanding that a modern person should be
well educated to be a success send their children to the best schools and
colleges of the United Kingdom.    

   And
what is it that makes it so popular all over the world? That is the question
which I will try to answer in this paper.

 
 To clarify the subject I need to answer some fundamental questions such
as: What are the main steps in the history of English schools? What types of
schools are there and how do they meet the needs of pupils of different
abilities and encourage pupils to study seriously? For how long do English
children go to school and how their results in studying are measured?  
 

 
 I will show what the system of the 21^st century is.
 

 
 So, let us examine some of sources of information and try to answer
these and some other questions.

  Today^’s
England has a reputation for scientific research and education is extremely
important in this country.

  British
children are required by law to have an education until they are 16 years
old.

 
 Education is compulsory, but school is not, children are not required
to attend school. They could be educated at home.

 
 Section 7 of the 1996 Education Act states:

«The parent
of every child of compulsory school age shall cause him to receive efficient
full-time education suitable-

(a)
to his age, ability and aptitude, and 
(b) to any special educational needs he may have,

either
by regular attendance at school or otherwise.«

 
 Full-time education is compulsory for all children aged between 5 and
16 (inclusive) across England. This can be provided by state schools,
independent schools, or homeschooling.

   About
94 per cent of pupils in England, and the rest of the UK, receive free
education from public funds, while 6 per cent attend independent fee paying
schools or homeschooling.

 
 Education is an important part of British life.
There are hundreds of schools, colleges and universities, including some of
the most famous in the world.

Eton is for
boys aged 13 to 18 largely from aristocratic and upper-class families. It
provides exceptionally fine teaching facilities, for example in science,
languages, computing and design. There are two large libraries and a number
of well stocked subject libraries. Every student can choose his own academic
tutor to supervise his work.

Sing a song: “They are teaching”                                                                                                   

What school is teaching.

1.To write words like Motherland
In a neat and knowing hand
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.
Add up figures with a run
Not to tease a younger one
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.

2.How to build a house for birds
And correctly spell the words
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.
To be kind and care the books,
Mind our way and mind our looks
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.

3.To explain the grammar rules,
Watch the raindrops hit the pools
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching.
To obey as well as lead
And to be a friend in need
School is teaching, school is teaching, school is teaching

Pupils read the text, then translate how they understand
the text

Let`s sing the song

Conclusion

8 min

2 min

Well, let`s
answer the questions with the method “Quick answer”.

What
is it that makes it so popular all over the world?

What
are the main steps in the history of English schools?

What
types of schools are there and how do they meet the needs of pupils of
different abilities and encourage pupils to study seriously?

 For
how long do English children go to school and how their results in studying
are measured?    

Reflection:                     I liked the
lesson. It was interesting and not difficult for me.

                                     The lesson was
interesting, but there were some difficulties.

                                               

                                      The lesson was
boring, I haven’t learnt anything

Home task:

Answer the questions.

Pupils say their opinion about the lesson.

Is education in Britain
compulsory for all children?

Have
children to take any examination when they transfer to Secondary School?

What
types of secondary schools are there in Britain? What are they?

What
types of schools do you know?

What
subjects does Pupils in all state schools in England  study?

When
are attainment tests given?

When they are 16 they take  General Certificate of
Secondary Education exams

Grammar schools, specialized schools

Yes, education in great Britain is compulsory

Chemistry, history, maths, geography, science

Primary, secondary, high schools

Yes, children take exams when they transfer to Secondary
school

Is education in Britain
compulsory for all children?

Have
children to take any examination when they transfer to Secondary School?

What
types of secondary schools are there in Britain? What are they?

What
types of schools do you know?

What
subjects does Pupils in all state schools in England  study?

When
are attainment tests given?

When they are 16 they take  General Certificate of
Secondary Education exams

Grammar schools, specialized schools

Yes, education in great Britain is compulsory

Chemistry, history, maths, geography, science

Primary, secondary, high schools

Yes, children take exams when they transfer to Secondary
school

Упражнение на лексическое преобразование слов. Рекомендуем всем, кто готовится к сдачи ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста.

ЗаданиеОтвет

Some of the 20th century authors felt ( RESENT ) about the ability of the state to control the life of individual.

So a genre of ‘dystopian fiction’ which was ( OPPOSE ) to the genre of utopia has become very popular among British, American and Russian writers.

One of the fi rst Russian dystopian fiction books is a novel ‘We’ by Yevgeny Zamyatin which is a ( COMBINE ) of science fiction, political satire and social criticism.

A British writer Aldous Huxley is best known by his dystopian book ‘Brave new world’ which has predicted many ( ACHIEVE ) of the 20th century science and technology.

In the novel ‘1984’ a famous British author George Orwell depicts a society that maintains an ultimate control over every single individual by the means of ( PUNISH ) and manipulation.

In the book by Ray Bradbury ‘Fahrenheit 451’ the society has banned all kinds of literature, and people who dare to hold the books are killed by a ( MERCY ) machine that looks like a giant spider.

Some of the 20th century authors felt resentful about the ability of the state to control the life of individual.

So a genre of ‘dystopian fiction’ which was opposite to the genre of utopia has become very popular among British, American and Russian writers.

One of the fi rst Russian dystopian fiction books is a novel ‘We’ by Yevgeny Zamyatin which is a combination of science fiction, political satire and social criticism.

A British writer Aldous Huxley is best known by his dystopian book ‘Brave new world’ which has predicted many achievements of the 20th century science and technology.

In the novel ‘1984’ a famous British author George Orwell depicts a society that maintains an ultimate control over every single individual by the means of punishment and manipulation.

In the book by Ray Bradbury ‘Fahrenheit 451’ the society has banned all kinds of literature, and people who dare to hold the books are killed by a merciless machine that looks like a giant spider.

07 Sep EDUCATION IN THE 21st CENTURY

THE VALUE OF A 21ST CENTURY EDUCATION

Success looks different now than it did in the past. High-achieving people are frequently choosing to opt out of the traditional job market and create their own jobs. Successful people increasingly expect to be able to:

• Live and work anywhere in the world
• Travel as often as they like, for as long as they like
• Change what they’re working on to keep up with their interests and abilities
• Enjoy earning potential that is not capped by a salary figure
• Work with peers across the globe
• Outsource things they don’t like doing
• Choose their own hours and office

For people who don’t live like this it can sound far-fetched, but this kind of lifestyle is growing rapidly. What does it take to access and thrive with this kind of freedom? The answer is surprisingly simple, and can be best summed up as ‘a 21st century education’.

20TH CENTURY EDUCATION

In the preface to the 2011 revised edition of his book ‘Out of Our Minds’, Sir Ken Robinson observes that ‘The more complex the world becomes, the more creative we need to be to meet its challenges’, and this is becoming increasingly clear in education and the workplace. People now need to be creative to be successful, but while the idea of success has changed, the education system has not always adjusted its methods or goals to meet it.

A 20th century education emphasised compliance and conformity over creativity, two skills that were necessary to do well in a professional or corporate environment and to hold down a good job for decades. Compliance and conformity are now a relic, but they are still key values in many schools, informing policy even when not being expressly promoted to students.

In his book ‘Who’s Afraid of the Big Bad Dragon?’, educational thought leader Yong Zhao warns, “National standards and national curriculum, enforced by high-stakes testing, can at best teach students what is prescribed… As a result, students talented in other areas never have the opportunity to discover those talents. Students with broader interests are discouraged, not rewarded. The system results in a population with similar skills in a narrow spectrum of talents. But especially in today’s society, innovation and creativity are needed in many areas, some as yet undiscovered.”

Unfortunately, most students continue to be educated in the same way as they were in the past, being taught a standardised curriculum through rote learning and individualised testing, at a one-size-fits-all pace. Far too many students are struggling to learn because they are disengaged and lack motivation. Why go to school when you could learn the same information faster by watching a Youtube video or playing a computer game? Why memorise facts for a test when you have all the information in the palm of your hand anyway? Past methods make little sense to today’s students who learn and think differently, and they make little sense in relation to the changing workplace, where making use of information is now far more valuable than simply knowing things. Schools are failing to teach students to respond to rapid change and how to handle new information because they are clinging to obsolete methods.

21ST CENTURY STUDENTS

• Generation Z – born between 1995 and 2009 – most do not remember life without the internet, and have had technology like smartphones, iPads, smartboards and other devices available throughout most of their schooling.
• Generation Alpha – born since 2010 – they are younger than smartphones, the iPad, 3D television, Instagram, and music streaming apps like Spotify. This is the first generation likely to see in the 22nd century in large numbers.

Growing up with this level of technology means growing up with a completely unprecedented amount of information at your fingertips. There are kids who have never been more than a few seconds away from the answers to their questions, with everything just a quick search away. They are able to teach themselves about any topic they are interested in without even leaving their bedroom.The current cohort of students come from Generation Z and Generation Alpha. These two generations have grown up with advanced technology as a given in their homes and classrooms. They are digital natives, as comfortable using apps and code as their grandparents were flipping pages.

Generations Z and Alpha are also the most internationally connected in history. They encounter people online from all over the world, and can easily make friends on the other side of the planet before they have even left their home state. Schools and parents are also increasingly offering children and young people the opportunity to travel, creating a truly borderless experience of learning.

The students in our schools today are intelligent, independent and extremely capable. They are skilled with technology and comfortable with global and intercultural communication. We can expect that future generations are going to have even more experience in these areas.

A 21ST CENTURY EDUCATION

A 21st century education is about giving students the skills they need to succeed in this new world, and helping them grow the confidence to practice those skills. With so much information readily available to them, 21st century skills focus more on making sense of that information, sharing and using it in smart ways.

The coalition P21 (Partnership for 21st Century Learning) has identified four ‘Skills for Today’:

• Creativity
• Critical thinking
• Communication
• Collaboration

These four themes are not to be understood as units or even subjects, but as themes that should be overlaid across all curriculum mapping and strategic planning. They should be part of every lesson in the same way as literacy and numeracy.

Creativity is about thinking through information in new ways, making new connections and coming up with innovative solutions to problems. Critical thinking is about analysing information and critiquing claims. Communication is understanding things well enough to share them clearly with other people. Collaboration is about teamwork and the collective genius of a group that is more than the sum of its parts.

There are other skills that are important, which fall within these four areas. Entrepreneurship can be considered a skill of its own. Inquiry and problem solving are key. Emotional intelligence (EQ) is one of the most important keys to successful work and relationships. The bottom line? Education needs to be all about empowering students with transferable skills that will hold up to a rapidly changing world, not prescribed content that has been chosen for its past relevance.

DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY

While digital integration is also fundamental to a thorough 21st century education, it is not enough to simply add technology to existing teaching methods. Technology must be used strategically to benefit students. Students are increasingly advanced users of technology even as they enter school for the first time, so this can often mean being open to the possibilities presented rather than attempting to teach and prescribe the use of certain programs. Many a classroom ‘technology class’ has baffled children by attempting to teach them about programs, websites and hardware that are no longer relevant or that they understand far better than the teacher does.

INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION

21st century schools are also responding to demand by moving into international education. ISC Research have tracked these changes in their research. In the past, international schools were primarily for the families of military personnel and diplomats. In the year 2000 there were 2,500 international schools globally with fewer than one million students attending, but in December 2016 there were over 8,600 international schools with almost 4.5 million students. The vast majority of these students are now local children hoping to attend university in the West. Schools which aren’t traditional ‘international schools’ are also striving to create an internationally connected education through travel opportunities, exchange programs, school partnerships, international school leadership, and online communication. Learning to be a global citizen is crucial in a world where technology is erasing borders, and you don’t necessarily need an international education masters degree to incorporate this into your teaching.

21st century teachers need to serve as a guide or mentor for their students, not as the all-knowing sage providing them with all their information. With so much access to resources of all kinds, children are invariably going to know more than teachers on different topics, and be a step ahead of the technology in use. Teachers need to be empowered as facilitators and motivators for learning, so that they can empower their students in turn.

This shift is great news for teachers. Instead of struggling to give kids all the information they need to succeed in areas the teacher knows little about, they can support students as they make their own steps into different fields. It’s about preparing kids to go beyond their parents and teachers, making sure they have the skills to do it, and then helping along the way as they build confidence to achieve.

This means teachers need to be forward-thinking, curious and flexible. Teachers must be learners: learning new ways of teaching, and learning alongside their students. Simply asking questions like “what will my students need twenty or fifty years from now? How can I help give them those skills?” can change your mindset, make you a leader, and help you bring about change in your classroom, school and community.

• Start today: Practical tips for a 21st century school
• Invite students to contribute to strategy meetings and decision making
• Create adaptable learning environments suited to different sorts of collaboration and group work
• Encourage students to take ownership of community service programs
• Find ways to connect students to people their age in other parts of the world
• Review your use of technology in the classroom: how can it be made more effective?

In a time when mental health and wellbeing is one of the biggest challenges facing young people, a 21st century education can give students the skills they need both for now and for the future. Skills like communication, critical thinking and EQ go beyond the workplace: they can help people through the most difficult times of their life. Finding your passion, doing it well, having a sense of purpose and focus, and being able to control your own work and life are all significant steps on the path to wellbeing.

RESULT
The ability to think critically and creatively, to collaborate with others, and to communicate clearly sets students up for success in their careers, but also empowers them to lead happier, healthier lives.

Bringing your school into the 21st century requires taking the lead instead of trailing behind, actively seeking out new ways of doing things and staying in touch with the world outside of the education system. Change on a broad scale requires leadership in the classroom and across the school community, but every teacher can take steps immediately to help their students succeed.

For inspiration, empowerment, proven techniques and strategies in 21st century leadership check out my ONLINE COURSE: Leadership for the 21st Century.

WHAT PEOPLE SAY: Outstanding presenter. This online course is an outstanding collection of data, strategies and resources that will help empower aspiring leaders and refresh current leaders to take their school to a whole new level. The energy, knowledge, passion and belief of the presenter was infectious. The online course had an amazing impact on our leadership team. We felt inspired and empowered to create change at our school. Loads of tools and strategies to help me grow as a leader. An excellent learning tool. Highly recommend this leadership course –  relevant, authentic & very practical. Inspirational! Comprehensive, engaging and certainly relevant. Thank you so much for empowering me to realise and value what is vital and imperative to ensure you are the best leader within your capabilities to empower change and positivity within your working environment.

For more info click here. 

Maxine Driscoll is the Founder and Visionary at Think Strategic & Think Leadership. She has been innovating and leading high performance teams in Australia and internationally for 25+ years. Let her fast-track you, your team, business, organisation or school to an innovative pathway for success in uncertain times.