1) How could Alan’s aunt’s invitation be characterised?
Ответ: Sincere.
2) Alan asked his mum about his aunt and uncle’s hands …
Ответ: knowing what she’d say before she said it (в тексте написано «as he grew older he came to realise the reason» — он сам догадался, а мама подтвердила его догадку).
3) How did Alan view farm life before he tried it?
Ответ: It would be an interesting experience.
4) Alan describes the horses as being …
Ответ: no longer working animals.
(horses were «more like pets»)
5) ‘Themselves’ in ‘as often as they themselves had to eat’ in the fifth paragraph refers to …
Ответ: Alan and his family.
6) How did Alan feel concerning his refusal of a certain task?
Ответ: He was ashamed that he wasn’t brave enough to do it.
7) The phrase ‘part and parcel’ in the last paragraph means …
Ответ: inseparable. (‘part and parcel’ — это «неотъемлемая часть»)
Упражнение на лексическое преобразование слов. Рекомендуем всем, кто готовится к сдачи ЕГЭ по английскому языку.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста.
ЗаданиеОтвет
Getting back to nature
City life has caused people to lose touch with nature. This is ( SPECIAL ) true for children who grow up in cities and never have much of a chance to experience nature aside from public parks.
It’s quite different from how many of their parents grew up, when 71% of children regularly played outside. Ask today’s children if they like climbing trees, and it’s ( PROBABLE ) that they will ever have tried it.
The resulting loss of our children’s ( RELATION ) with nature means they’re missing out on opportunities to make discoveries about plants and wildlife, and to build a love and respect for the natural world.
Instead, children spend a lot of their time watching television, playing video games or surfing the internet. School ( ADMINISTRATE ) are beginning to notice this problem and have begun to address it.
More and more schools are taking children to nature reserves on school trips in an effort to ( CLAIM ) this lost appreciation of nature.
The experience allows children to enjoy some time outside in a ( MEANING ) way. It helps relieve the pressure that they face from their studies while providing a learning experience as well.
Getting back to nature
City life has caused people to lose touch with nature. This is (E)SPECIALLY true for children who grow up in cities and never have much of a chance to experience nature aside from public parks.
It’s quite different from how many of their parents grew up, when 71% of children regularly played outside. Ask today’s children if they like climbing trees, and it’s IMPROBABLE that they will ever have tried it.
The resulting loss of our children’s RELATIONSHIP with nature means they’re missing out on opportunities to make discoveries about plants and wildlife, and to build a love and respect for the natural world.
Instead, children spend a lot of their time watching television, playing video games or surfing the internet. School ADMINISTRATORS are beginning to notice this problem and have begun to address it.
More and more schools are taking children to nature reserves on school trips in an effort to RECLAIM this lost appreciation of nature.
The experience allows children to enjoy some time outside in a MEANINGFUL way. It helps relieve the pressure that they face from their studies while providing a learning experience as well.
MACMILLAN Exam Skills for Russia Тесты для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку с интернет-ресурсом Под редакцией: Марии Вербицкой Малколма Манна Стива Тейлора-Ноулза MACMILLAN
Contents Test 1 Language and Exam Skills Development.......6 Test 1.....................................8 Test 2 Language and Exam Skills Development......20 Test 2....................................22 Test 3 Language and Exam Skills Development......34 Test 3....................................36 Test 4 Language and Exam Skills Development......48 Test 4....................................50 Test 5 Language and Exam Skills Development......62 Test 5....................................64 Test 6 Language and Exam Skills Development......76 Test 6....................................78 Test 7 Language and Exam Skills Development......90 Test 7....................................92 Test 8 Language and Exam Skills Development.....104 Test 8...................................106 Test 9 Language and Exam Skills Development.....118 Test 9...................................120 Test 10 Language and Exam Skills Development.....132 Test 10..................................134 Test 11 Language and Exam Skills Development.....146 Test 11..................................148 Test 12 Language and Exam Skills Development.....160 Test 12..................................162 Test 13 Language and Exam Skills Development.....174 Test 13..................................176 Test 14 Language and Exam Skills Development.....188 Test 14..................................190 Test 15 Language and Exam Skills Development.....202 Test 15..................................204 Audio Track Listing......................216
ТЕСТЫ ДЛЯ ПОДГОТОВКИ К ЕГЭ по английскому языку Цель данного пособия заключается в том, что- бы помочь вам подготовиться к успешной сдаче единого государственного экзамена (ЕГЭ) по ан- глийскому языку. Сборник включает 15 тестов, каждый из ко- торых состоит из пяти разделов. Каждому тесту предшествует серия упражнений, ко- торые готовят к соответствующим разделам экзамена. Данные задания способствуют отра- ботке лексико-грамматического материала, раз- вивают отдельные умения и навыки, помогают выработать стратегию подготовки к экзамену. Мы настоятельно рекомендуем вам выполнить все эти упражнения до того, как вы приступите к выполнению тестовых заданий. Настоящий сборник тестов отражает содержа- ние и формат ЕГЭ 2015 года. Структура экзаменационной работы в формате единого государственного экзамена по английскому языку Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из двух частей: письменной и устной. Письменная часть включает четыре раздела: «Аудирование», «Чтение», «Грамматика и лек- сика» и «Письмо». Устная часть, в свою очередь, включает задание на чтение текста вслух и три задания по говорению. Время, отведённое на выполнение письменной части экзамена, составляет 180 минут (3 часа). Время устного ответа - 7 минут на каждого эк- заменуемого. Время подготовки к каждому из четырёх заданий - 1,5 минуты. Устная часть эк- замена проходит в компьютеризированной фор- ме без участия экзаменатора-собеседника. В экзаменационную работу по английскому язы- ку включены 38 заданий с кратким ответом и 6 за- даний открытого типа с развёрнутым ответом. В экзаменационной работе предложены следую- щие разновидности заданий с кратким ответом: • задания на выбор и запись одного или не- скольких правильных ответов из предло- женного перечня ответов; • задания на установление соответствия по- зиций, представленных в двух множествах; • задания на заполнение пропуска в связном тексте путём преобразования предложен- ной начальной формы слова в нужную грам- матическую форму; • задания на заполнение пропуска в связном тексте путём образования родственного слова от предложенного опорного слова. Задания открытого типа с развёрнутым ответом в письменной части - это задания по письмен- ной речи: личное письмо и развёрнутое пись- менное высказывание с элементами рассужде- ния «Моё мнение». Задания открытого типа с развёрнутым ответом устной части включают чтение текста вслух, условный диалог-расспрос (5 вопросов на основе рекламного объявления и ключевых слов), тематическое монологическое высказывание (описание фотографии - одной из трёх по выбору экзаменуемого) и тематиче- ское монологическое высказывание с элемента- ми рассуждения (сравнение двух предложенных фотографий). ПИСЬМЕННАЯ ЧАСТЬ Раздел 1. Аудирование Данный раздел состоит из девяти тестовых зада- ний. У вас будет возможность прослушать каж- дый текст дважды, что поможет лучше справиться с поставленными задачами. Рекомендуемое время выполнения заданий этого раздела - 30 минут. В Задании 1 вы услышите шесть коротких выска- зываний. Ваша задача - установить соответствие между услышанными высказываниями и при- ведёнными утверждениями, которые выражают их основное содержание. Используйте каждое утверждение только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Это задание прове- ряет понимание основного содержания прослу- шанного текста. В Задании 2 вы услышите диалог. Ваша задача - установить, какие из приведённых утверждений соответствуют содержанию прослушанного тек- ста, какие не соответствуют и о чём в тексте не сказано, т. е. на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа. Это задание проверяет понимание запрашиваемой информации. В третьей части раздела (Задания 3-9) вы услы- шите интервью. Вам нужно будет ответить на семь вопросов по содержанию аудиотекста, вы- брав правильный ответ из трёх предложенных. Здесь проверяется полное понимание прослу шанного текста. Раздел 2. Чтение Данный раздел включает девять заданий, из ко- торых два задания на установление соответствия и восемь заданий с выбором одного правильно- го ответа из трех предложенных. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий второго раздела - 30 минут.
В Задании 10 (это первое задание данного раз- дела) даны семь коротких текстов и восемь заго- ловков, один заголовок - лишний. Вам необходи- мо установить соответствие между заголовком и небольшим текстом. Так проверяется понима- ние основного содержания текста. Во втором задании раздела (Задание 11) вам предлагается текст с шестью пропусками и семь фрагментов для заполнения пропусков. Один из фрагментов - лишний. Данное задание про- веряет умение понимать в прочитанном тексте структурно-смысловые связи. В третьей части данного раздела (Задания 12-18) вам нужно будет ответить на семь вопросов по содержанию прочитанного текста, выбрав пра- вильный ответ из четырёх предложенных. Здесь проверяется полное понимание прочитанного текста. Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Данный раздел включает двадцать заданий, три- надцать из которых - это задания с кратким от- ветом и семь - задания с выбором одного ответа из четырёх предложенных. Рекомендуемое вре- мя выполнения этого раздела - 40 минут. Задания 19-25 строятся на двух связных текстах, которые содержат семь пропусков. На полях, справа от каждой строки с пропуском, дано сло- во, от которого вам нужно образовать соответ- ствующую грамматическую форму, чтобы запол- нить пропуск в тексте. Так проверяется владение грамматическими навыками. Задания 26-31 основаны на связном тексте с шестью пропусками. На полях, справа от каж- дой строки с пропуском, дано слово, от которо- го вам нужно образовать однокоренное слово, чтобы заполнить пропуск в тексте. Эти тестовые вопросы проверяют владение способами сло- вообразования в коммуникативно-значимом контексте. Задания 32-38 строятся на связном тексте с се- мью пропусками. Для каждого пропуска необхо- димо правильно выбрать одно слово из четырёх предложенных. Эти тестовые вопросы проверя- ют владение лексико-грамматическими навы- ками оперирования лексическими единицами в коммуникативно-значимом контексте. Раздел 4. Письмо Данный раздел состоит из двух заданий. В зада- нии 39 вам предлагается написать письмо лич- ного характера. Требуемый объём - не менее 100 и не более 140 слов. В Задании 40 вам предлагается создать развёр- нутое письменное высказывание с элементами рассуждения «Моё мнение». Требуемый объём - не менее 200 и не более 250 слов. Рекомендуемое время выполнения заданий раз- дела «Письмо» - 80 минут. УСТНАЯ ЧАСТЬ Устная часть экзамена состоит из четырёх за- даний: чтение текста вслух, условный диалог- расспрос, тематическое монологическое вы- сказывание и тематическое монологическое высказывание с элементами рассуждения. В устной части экзамена проверяется владение спонтанной (неподготовленной) речью, поэто- му перед выполнением каждого задания дается всего 1,5 минуты на ознакомление с ним и под- готовку. Первое задание устной части - чтение вслух тек- ста информационного или научно-популярного характера. Вы должны прочитать текст так, что- бы он легко воспринимался на слух. Это значит, что необоснованные паузы в чтении отсутству- ют; соблюдается фразовое ударение и интонаци- онные контуры, слова произносятся без наруше- ний нормы. В Задании 2 устной части вам предлагается жизненная ситуация, в которой вы, заинтере- совавшись рекламным предложением, хотите получить дополнительную информацию. Ваша задача - задать пять прямых вопросов на основе рекламной картинки и ключевых слов. Задание 3 - двухминутное монологическое вы- сказывание по предложенной теме. Вы выби- раете одну фотографию из трёх предложенных и описываете её. План высказывания, представ- ленный в задании, поможет вам успешно спра- виться с этим заданием. Задание 4 - это также двухминутное моноло- гическое высказывание, но уже с элементами рассуждения. Вам предлагается сравнить две фотографии, т. е. найти в них общее и различ- ное. План высказывания, представленный в за- дании, поможет вам успешно справиться с этим заданием. Надеюсь, что работа по нашему пособию будет полезна и интересна для вас. Желаю вам успеха на экзамене! Мария Валерьевна Вербицкая, профессор, доктор филологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ФИПИ, председатель Федеральной комиссии разработчиков КИМ ЕГЭ по иностранным языкам
Test 1 and Exam Section 1 Listening: first task A In pairs or as a group, answer these questions. 1 Do you have a pet? 2 What is the best pet to have? Why? 3 What must you do to keep a dog happy and healthy? 4 Which pet is the easiest to keep? В Match each word or phrase with a definition. 1 fence ___ 2 perk up 3 lap ___ 4 unpredictable 5 toss ___ 6 aquarium 7 vet ___ 8 prescribe 9 chatty 10 shelter a doctor for animals b throw c changing d glass container for living fish e talkative f safe place g become lively h wall made of wood or wire that divides land i top part of your legs when you sit down j write down an order for medicine rSection 2 j Reading: second task C Quickly read the text on page 11. Find words which have a similar meaning to these words or phrases. 1 started __________ 2 uncontrolled I enthusiastic behaviour 3 officially ordered 4 tall buildings 5 respect and admiration 6 taking over a country from outside 7 stopped ____________ 8 attractive ____________ 9 looking important 10 building ____________ 11 copied ____________ Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: third task D Quickly read the text on page 16 and decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F). 1 Beth is still at university. T/F 2 Beth likes the excitement of exams. T / F 3 Beth’s parents will help her find a job. T / F 4 Beth worked and studied at the same time. T/F 5 Beth is confident of continuing with her present employer. T/F 6 Beth’s boss was pleased with her work. T/F 7 Beth will only think about her future later. T/F 8 Beth’s father was critical of her. T/F E Complete the sentences with the correct form of take, gain, earn or win. 11 like risks, which is why I go on adventure holidays. 2 I my living as a tennis coach. 3 I still support my local team though they haven’t anything for years. 41 was recently on as an intern for a big international company. 5 I did the job to_____________ experience, even though it wasn’t paid. 6 I was happy as long as I enough money from my job to get by. 7 I always enter a competition with the hope that 1 can it.
[Section 4] Writing: first task F Complete the words to make means of transport. For each means of transport note down one reason why it is a good means of transport © and one reason why it is not so good ©. © © It n 2 t m 3 m 0 4b _ s 5p e 6b e 7 c_ r 8t i 9c h 10 m e G Make notes to answer the questions. Then, in pairs or as a group, discuss and decide which is the best way to travel across a) a city and b) a country. Give reasons. a city a country What's the best way to travel across this place? Why? Section 51 Speaking: first task H Underline the main stressed syllable 1 Read these words and decide how the letter in these words. Example: extremely V in bold in each word is pronounced. Is it /к/, /s/ or / J/? 1 particularly 7 coastal 1 circles k/s/f 2 earthquakes 8 predict 2 circles k/s/f 3 occur 9 residents 3 Pacific k/s/f 4 affects 10 evacuate 4 Pacific k/s/f 5 tsunamis 11 unfortunately 5 ocean k/s/f 6 disaster 12 amount 6 occur 7 coastal 8 receive k/s/f k/s/f k/s/f
Test 1 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. It is necessary to take care of your pet’s health if it has problems. 2. Having two pets can be more enjoyable than having one. 3. Giving an unwanted pet a home is an opportunity to do something kind. 4. Each and every pet has an interesting and unique personality. 5. Choosing the right pet is a very important decision. 6. A pet often loves its owner and can be like a best friend. 7. Pets need something to play with, just like people do. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А В С D Е F G Vicky is not interested in seeing Jasons costume for the party. Vicky wants to spend a lot of money on a costume. Jason first suggests that Vicky should dress up as a famous person. Vicky knows what all of her friends are wearing to the party. Jason suggests that Vicky wears normal clothes as part of her outfit. Vicky’s mum will help Vicky make her outfit. Vicky doesn’t want to start putting her outfit together straight away. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
3 4 5 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. The tour company that John works for provides ... 1) large-scale tourism. 2) environmental education. 3) food and drink tours. While at university, John studied ... 1) biology. 2) forest conservation. 3) zoo management. What must travellers do before they go on a trip? 1) Participate in a short course on environmental protection. 2) Sign forms promising not to damage the environment. 3) Donate money to an environmental protection programme. John believes that most people ... 1) know a great deal about rainforests. 2) want to travel to rainforests. 3) are unaware of the importance of rainforests. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: 7 How does John describe the fight to protect rainforests in Brazil? 1) The government is losing the fight. 2) Despite some good news, the struggle is ongoing. 3) It is going extremely well. 8 What does John say about the native peoples? 1) It is very rare that they get to meet with them. 2) All native people are willing to engage with the tour. 3) Cultural understanding is gained from some of them. Ответ: Ответ: 9 In the future, John hopes his company will... 1) begin tours in new regions. 2) expand tours in existing regions. 3) focus more on South-East Asia. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 1 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Mixing styles 2. Internet sensation 3. Short lifetime 4. Money worries 5. Celebrity style 6. Cheaper to buy 7. Rebels no more 8. Shopping frenzy A. Youth sub-culture isn’t what it used to be. In the 1960s, youths who were protesting against their parents or society dressed a certain way to show their anger, or to feel like they belonged to something. Nowadays, parents are more accepting of their children, and society is more accepting of different people. There is less of a need to act out, so there are fewer sub-cultures as a result. B. There are still a few youth sub-cultures these days. One phenomenon is haul girls - teenage girls who shop till they drop, then come home with a big ‘haul’, usually several bags of clothes. Then they make a video ol what they bought, and not just any old video, either. They put great effort into it, with editing and a storyline. It’s their way of showing off what they love to do. C. In the old days, it took quite a lot of cash to get the look you desired. If you wanted to be Goth, going out and buying black boots, black clothes and black jewellery would cost a considerable amount. It’s all become more affordable now, so you can belong to one youth sub-culture one week and another the next, more or less. D. There are fewer differences between youth sub-cultures than there used to be. In the old days, a hippie looked like a hippie. A punk looked like a punk, and nothing else. But it seems that the youth of today sometimes combines looks. One example is seapunk, which is punk but much more colourful and with a bit of hip-hop added. At least it’s still very creative! E. A youth sub-culture is defined by many things. It’s the need to stand out, or the need to protest, or the need to belong. These days, kids are quite worried about their future. University has become very expensive, and the job market isn’t as strong as it used to be. How can anyone focus on creating a unique style when they’re facing such deep financial concerns? F. Sometimes a youth sub-culture can come out of nowhere Take Molly Soda, for example. Molly Soda is a teenage girl who posted some short films on YouTube that quickly became highly popular. Her style of dress, with her blue hair and nose piercing, is now copied by thousands of girls who find it cool. They’re called Molly Soda girls, from a youth sub-culture born overnight! G. It is true that youth sub-cultures are like trends. They are born, they gain popularity, and then soon enough, everyone’s joined in. At that point, they are finished. This timeline used to be much longer than it is today. Now, with social media, trends spread much faster, which means they die a death much faster, too. A sub-culture is lucky if it lasts a whole year these days! A В C D E F G
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. The Seven Sisters After the Second World War, officials in the Soviet Union embarked on a building frenzy to add a grand architectural style to Moscow’s skyline. As put by Joseph Stalin, the country’s leader who had led the nation during the war, the Soviet Union was victorious, A. The Seven Sisters are a collection of seven buildings that Stalin commissioned to be built between 1947 and 1953. His thinking was to have skyscrapers just like existed in Western cities such as New York and London. It was a matter of prestige for the Soviet nation, he felt, В. The idea for the first ever Moscow skyscraper had actually come before the Second World War. The building, the Palace of the Soviets, was never completed. Construction began in 1937, but the German invasion in 1941 halted work C. Each of the Seven Sisters has a large base of several floors, with the base size varying from one building to the next. The upper floors are much less wide than the base, D. The building designs are both elegant and imposing. The buildings served various purposes, which have not changed since their erection. Some are hotels, such as the Hotel Ukraina, E. When it opened in 1957, it was the worlds tallest hotel building. Other buildings house government ministries, such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Russian Federation. Strangely, the term ‘Seven Sisters’ is not used by Russians. Rather, they call the buildings ‘Stalinskie Vysotki’, or ‘Stalin’s skyscrapers’. The style was replicated in former USSR and Eastern Bloc countries F, places that were influenced by Stalinist architecture. 1. and the building materials were removed and used for military defence 2. with the focus on creating the greatest buildings known to man 3. and can be seen in Kiev, Warsaw and Bucharest 4. and it was one of his missions to make that a reality 5. yet its capital had nothing to show for it 6. with the top consisting of a tower which narrows to a point 7. which has since been renamed the Radisson Royal Hotel Ответ: A В C D E F
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Facebook addict I’ve been a user of Facebook for years, almost since its inception. I should correct myself, actually: I’ve been a user, abuser and loser of Facebook since King Mark Zuckerberg bestowed his charming gift upon the world. I call him a ‘king’ because he virtually rules over my life, and not in the typical way an actual king would, but in the way I have allowed myself to get sucked into the phenomenon. Let’s face it: the man has more influence over some people, me being one of them, than some parents have over their own children I’ve had my ups and downs with Facebook. I’ve gone from having thousands of friends I’d never met in real life, to deleting my account entirely and starting again from scratch, adding only real friends, as if that would make my experience more meaningful. But why would I need Facebook to add depth to my existence? I’ll tell you why ... it’s because Facebook makes you slightly famous. It’s like having your picture in the paper with a little news story about you, where you’ve been, what you’re doing, what you bought today. You’re surrounded by all the trappings of Western society in your status update photos and they’re right there for the whole, um, small network of your friends to see I know what you’re thinking ... I’m sad and hopeless, and you’ll never turn out like me. But how many of you reading this can honestly say you don’t do the same things? Maybe you do it to different degrees, and maybe you’re even worse. You just have to ask yourself... is there anything wrong with that? I freely admit that I take pleasure from posting amusing pictures of a night out with friends, or what my dog’s chewed up on my return from work, or the fantastic rearrangement 1 did of my living room There was a time when I thought ‘There must be something wrong with me. Surely I can find a better way to spend my time.’ Apparently I can’t, because I haven’t, so my conclusion is that I never will and I’m better oft' accepting it than trying to fight it. Allow me to present a solid case in favour of Facebook addiction ... isn’t it far better than watching TV for hours on end? Or what about playing video games? That’s much more harmful and pointless, in my opinion. At feast with Facebook, the things I do are seen by my peers, for better or worse, and my actions are not completely invisible and meaningless. At feast there’s a purpose, right? 1 suppose we find purpose where we want to find it. One could argue that a TV addiction helps keep you up-to-date with current events. And maybe a computer game sharpens your physical reflexes. I’ve decided that I’m a Facebook junkie because I’m a deeply social person. I like sharing opinions, photos, videos, and links to articles I enjoyed reading. And I’m not ashamed of it! OK, 1 admit, I might check my Facebook page 100 times a day too many. I might get just a little upset when no one clicks ‘like’ on any of the random postings I make every day. But I did get 70 ‘likes’ for the photo I posted of me with my cat in front of my chin, which made me look as if I had a beard. You have to admit, those sorts of pictures are hilarious, and if they make someone laugh, where s the harm in that?
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 The author refers to Mark Zuckerberg as a man who is ... 1) parental. 3) powerful. 2) generous. 4) ordinary. Ответ: What does the author think about being Facebook friends with people you don’t know? 1) It is rather meaningless. 2) It can give you cause to delete your account. 3) It adds meaning to your life. 4) It can stop you having friends in real life. Ответ: The expression ‘trappings of Western society’ in paragraph 4 means ... 1) things that hold us hostage. 3) the medias effect on people. 2) our habits or belongings. 4) a persons lonely existence. Ответ: What does the author think about other people’s relationship with Facebook? 1) Everyone is far worse. 3) It varies from person to person. 2) No one can be as bad. 4) Most people aren’t honest about it. Ответ: In paragraph 6, what does the ‘it’ refer to in both instances of‘I’m better off accepting it than trying to fight it’? 1) The things people think about the author. 2) The quality of things the author posts. 3) The lack of free time in the authors life. 4) The author s desire to use Facebook often. Ответ: What is the author’s rationale for using Facebook? 1) It is better than other mindless activities. 2) Everyone else the author knows is obsessed, too. 3) All the authors posts benefit the authors friends. 4) The author would be addicted to something else without it. The last paragraph demonstrates that the author ... 1) is not ashamed of anything he does on Facebook. 2) plans to spend less time on Facebook. 3) may have a slight problem with Facebook. 4) does not really enjoy Facebook. Ответ: Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 1 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Funny noise Maria was lying on her bed reading quietly. All of a sudden, she heard the strangest noise, which sounded something like insects, from the living room. COME Initially, she tried to ignore it but it just became more and more 20 annoying. So, finally she to investigate. GO There in the living room, on the coffee table, was her laptop. 21 On the screen, a pop-up advert, probably half APPEAR an hour earlier, for a game with thousands of crickets. With one quick click, there was peace and quiet in the house again. A knight in shining armour 22 Elton John is an extremely famous British pop star. People all around the world of him, but not so many know that his official title is Sir Elton John? How did he become ‘Sir Elton’? HEAR In past centuries, only successful military commanders and politicians 23 the title for services to their country. However, AWARD in 1917, the British government decided to extend the title to other citizens. To become a Sir, you have to ‘receive a knighthood’, an honour only ever 24 to men. However, many women, such as Judi GIVE Dench and Julie Andrews, have the equivalent title for females, which is ‘Dame’. 25 When a person becomes a Sir or a Dame, they can add this title to their name. It’s one of the honours a person can receive in the UK. GREAT
Test 1 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Student exchange programmes Student exchange programmes provide an incredible opportunity for students of one country to go and study at institutions abroad. At their 26 best, they are culturally satisfying and highly EDUCATION For short-term exchange programmes, students may spend just a summer in the host country For longer-term programmes, students 27 live in the host country for 10-12 months. GENERAL Students are often expected to have a firm grasp of the language before they go. Students from Germany, for example, must usually have 28 the to communicate in English in order ABLE to participate in an American exchange programme. It is typical for students to stay with a host family while they are studying abroad. This provides them with the opportunity of learning at close quarters what__________________________life in the host country is really DAY like. Students enter the host country with a special student visa. Applications can take six to ten months to process, and students must return home once time is up. It is usually POSSIBLE for them to stay longer. When students return home, they are sometimes required to share what they have learnt with others. This might be achieved by them giving L?1_J some kind of to their tutors or classmates. PRESENT
Test 1 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Life after university Beth was graduating from university in just a few months. While she was excited to never have to sit for another exam, she was worried a decent living these days. 32 find a job and 33 her future. It was becoming harder and harder to In addition to that, she knew she would be losing the assistance her parents had given her over the years. ‘Looking on the bright side, at least we helped you!’ her mum 34 her, trying to put things in perspective. She had started an internship during her last year at university. She felt the experience would make her 35 above the competition in the job market. She had hoped the company where she was working would give her a permanent job, but there was little prospect of that. Still, her boss was encouraging. ‘We’d take you | 36 in a second if we had the budget for another staff member,’ he told her. And amidst all this deep thought, Beth had final exams to deal with. She wanted to 37 off thinking about her future until after her exams were So, whenever the thought of her future 38 completed. Sometimes, though, it couldn’t be helped, her mind, she would try to focus on the wise words of her father - ‘Worry never fixes anything, so what’s the use of it?’ This was by all accounts very useful advice. 32 1) towards 2) into 3) with 4) about 33 Ответ: 1) take Ответ: 1) said Ответ: 1) cut Ответ: 1) up Ответ: 1) turn Ответ: 1) mov — 2) gain 3) earn 4) win 2) told 3) replied 4) mentioned 2) slice 3) piece 4) tear 2) out 3) on 4) over 2) run 3) keep 4) put 2) passed 3) crossed 4) pushed 34 — 35 — 36 — 37 — 38 ed Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ Ns 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 1 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ К° 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 You have received a letter from your English speaking pen-friend Stephen, who writes: ... I'm writing a report on means of transport in different countries. Could you help me a hit? How do people get around the city where you live? Vo people travel across the country by plane or by train? Which means of transport do you prefer and why? In other news. I've Just bought a new music player ... Write a letter to Stephen. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about Stephens new music player. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. School leavers should take a gap year before entering university. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 1 Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. One area of the world is particularly prone to earthquakes. The Ring of Fire, as it is known, circles the Pacific Ocean. It is where some of the largest earthquakes occur. The Ring of Fire affects countries in North and South America and in Asia. Because it is on the border of an ocean, large waves of water, or tsunamis, are often triggered by the quakes. It’s a double disaster. Homes are destroyed where the earthquake strikes. People living in coastal regions that receive the waves are harmed also. Although it is difficult to predict earthquakes, the large waves can be predicted. A warning system is in place in many countries along the Ring of Fire. This gives residents some time to evacuate. Unfortunately, though, the waves travel extremely fast. Whoever must leave the area only has a short amount of time. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You decided to attend the course and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) when the course begins 2) location of accommodation 3) if you will live with someone or alone 4) what the meals are like 5) city activities You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 1 Task 3 Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number.... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the jobs presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 2 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: second task A Read the list of things that siblings might argue about and put them in order a-f, with ‘a’ as the most usual and ‘f ’ as the least usual thing you think that they argue about. 1 Time spent in the bathroom 2 Different bedtimes 3 Using the computer 4 Household chores 5 Making noise 6 Which TV programme to watch В Complete the phrases with the words in the box. down luck matter punch single steam tends unfair wish with 1 What’s the? 2 let off some____________ 3 turn the volume 4 a hole in the door 5 it’s so________________________________ 6 it to happen 7 get away it 8 every time 91 I had my own 10 Good with it! Section 21 Reading: third task C Quickly read the text on page 26. Find words in the text to match these definitions. You have been given the first letter of each word to help you. 1 person who looks for adventure t - s 2 travelled across t 3 full of 1 4 experienced s_. 5 moves easily and smoothly g______ 6 spent e___________ 7 gives out e______ 8 small push n______ D Read questions 12-18 on page 27. For each word and phrase, find a word with a similar meaning. 1 people 2 possible 3 equipment 4 become full of air 5 work 6 perfect 7 sight 8 lift up Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: first task E Read the two texts on page 28. For each gap 19-25, decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F). 1 19 We need the passive voice. T / F 2 20 We need a superlative. T / F 3 21 We need to add letters to the word it. T / F 4 22 We need to add an s to make the word plural. T / F 5 23 We need the past perfect to show an action before another action in the past. T / F 6 24 We need the past continuous to show a repeated action in the past. T / F 7 25 We need the present participle to show an active meaning. T / F
I Section 4| Writing: second task F Complete the phrases. Making an introduction 1 There are many benefits doing something... 2 Most people believe doing something is ... Expressing your personal opinion 3 my opinion,... 4 As as I’m concerned,... 5 view is that... Expressing an opposing opinion 6 , others think that... 7 On the other,... Explaining why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion 8 there is some truth in this, I think ... 9 these arguments, I believe ... Making a conclusion 10 conclusion,... 11 To sum,... G Choose the correct word to complete these phrases. 1 To begin at I with, ... 2 First from I of all, ... 3 For I In addition to that,... 4 As well as I from that,... 5 such from / as 6 for / from example H In pairs, complete the table. Team sports Individual sports 1 football 1 skiing 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Advantages of team sports Advantages of individual sports 1 1 2 2 3 3 Section 5 Speaking: second task I In pairs or as a group, discuss these questions. Give reasons. If you are going to buy a bike,... 1 do you need to see it first? 2 do you need to take it for a test ride? 3 how important is the number of gears? 4 how much would you pay? 5 what colour is best? 6 what extras can you buy for it? J Correct each of these direct and indirect questions. 1 How much the bicycle costs? 2 Could you tell me how much does the bicycle cost? 3 What the best features are? 4 I’d like to know what are the best features. 5 It’s easy to use? 6 When I can collect it? 7 I wonder if is there a guarantee.
Test 2 Раздел 1. Аудирование 1 Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. It’s good to have a part-time job when you’re a university student. 2. Problems with time-keeping are not always the student’s fault. 3. University students have lots of new expenses to cope with. 4. Learning to do chores is part of university life. 5. Asking your parents for money while at university can be difficult. 6. Your class schedule can vary significantly at university. 7. Managing your freedom is a responsibility you learn at university. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А В С D Е F G Amy is on her way to do some studying. Amy had to knock on her brother’s door more than once. Amy’s brother refused to turn down his music when she asked him to. Amy didn’t like the kind of music her brother was playing. Amy’s mum is always home when Amy gets home from school. Amy’s parents don’t do anything to help the situation. There’s only one bathroom in George’s home. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 2 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. 3 Rhonda says with a raw food diet,... 1) food must remain completely cold. 2) chicken can’t be included. 3) the concepts are difficult to understand. Ответ: 4 What was Rhonda’s diet routine like before she switched to a raw food diet? 1) Very similar to now. 2) Extremely unhealthy. 3) Much more traditional. Ответ: 5 Including beans in a raw food diet... 1) requires certain preparation. 2) is impossible. 3) is not advisable. Ответ: 6 What difficulty does Rhonda mention with preparing raw foods? 1) The length of time required. 2) The lack of recipe choice. 3) The difficulty in obtaining good flavour. Ответ: 7 Rhonda says freezing foods ... 1) changes the nutritional value. 2) ruins the food. 3) is a necessary step. Ответ: 8 What is true about Rhonda as a result of her raw food diet? 1) She feels better mentally. 2) She regrets her decision. 3) She feels more active. Ответ: 9 Rhonda thinks it’s terrible that... 1) so few people follow a raw food diet. 2) it’s so difficult to follow a raw food diet. 3) some people eat only cooked foods. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1и2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 2 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Tastes from abroad 5. Trendy styles 2. Out of style 6. Dining out 3. Musical tastes 7. Exercise routine 4. Lifting weights 8. Musical exercise A. Forming a band, even if only as a hobby, can be good fun. Of course, it can go beyond that if you get really good. You can play at festivals, and if the crowd loves you, it’s an amazing experience. It’s even a great way to get a workout, especially if you’re playing the drums. It takes a lot of energy, and it can actually help you get fit. B. Rugby players need strength to push the other guys round the field. That’s why it’s essential for them to build muscle mass, and there’s only one way to do that. They’ve got to hit the gym and start pumping iron. It’s incredibly hard work and it’s not for everyone. They’ve also got to take it slowly, because it’s not a good idea to lift too much too soon. C. It’s important to try new things. In fact, it’s almost necessary, because we get bored with doing the same thing day in, day out. Luckily we live in a multicultural world. Take food, for example. No matter where you are, it seems that someone from far away has opened a restaurant featuring cuisine from their homeland. That’s something different for a change. D. In order to get in shape, you have to do more than just go to the gym once a month. You need to go at least three times a week. You must set up a schedule and stick to it. Even when you work forty hours a week, you have to arrange to head off after work for gym time. And you should exercise for a set amount of time with every visit. E. Eating at home has its benefits. It’s certainly nutritious - that is, if you’re cooking healthily. But eating in restaurants is such a great, social experience. It’s something we should do at least once a week. You can do a lot of people-watching in restaurants, too, so it’s great fun. Not to mention that you don’t have to cook, and if you want something, someone will fetch it! F. Some people don’t dress like other kids from their school because they simply don’t feel like keeping up with all the latest trends. Trends change every year anyway, if not more often. For some, second-hand shops are their favourite shopping experience. You can find all sorts of funky clothing there, and who cares if it’s something most people wouldn’t wear? G. The style of music we listen to says a lot about who we are. People who prefer classical music have refined tastes and an appreciation for the arts. Those who like heavy metal enjoy being energetic when they listen to music. Fans of pop music enjoy staying up-to-date with trends. And those who like old music like to imagine what life was like in a different era. Ответ: A В C D E F G
Test 2 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Holiday rental properties Changes occur in most industries, and travel is no exception. A new trend in temporary accommodation has gained popularity recently. Its appeal is rooted in peoples desire to find a smart place to stay A. Traditionally, the most common options were hotels, which came with many amenities, such as room service, daily room cleaning, and so forth. These days, hotels charge a hefty price for a nights stay. With so many people on a budget, there is a need В. The trend of renting out a property, whereby someone owns a home or apartment but has another residence as their primary home, began to rise in popularity just a few years back. In its earliest phase, property owners were reluctant to try it out because they were sceptical of a variety of factors, C. But it seems that phase has run its course for the most part, and more and more people are taking advantage of the service. It is a positive experience for everyone; property owners make extra money and renters enjoy more space for less expense. For renters, the experience is not unlike staying in your very own holiday home D. Most recently, a website has emerged as one of the leading places for people to either list or locate rental properties. Known as Airbnb, the company’s profits have skyrocketed since its founding. It’s free to list a property, and E. Owners can publish several photos of their property and communicate with potential renters through the site. Security does remain an issue, and recent events have prompted F. Despite this, Airbnb has earned praise for its creativity and the affordable service it provides. 1. the company generates revenues by taking a percentage of the rental fee 2. such as the risk of renting the property to people who might damage it 3. that is within a price range they can comfortably afford 4. such as a house that someone has inherited but doesn’t live in 5. to provide stylish accommodation without the excessive price tag 6. the company to begin guaranteeing properties against damages 7. that you keep hidden away for a weekend retreat Ответ: A В C D E F 25
Test 2 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Surviving an avalanche Surviving an avalanche was not on Thomas’s list of things to do in life. A thrill-seeker of epic proportions, he had jumped from a helicopter to ski remote mountain slopes and traversed half of Antarctica on a cross-country skiing adventure. If only his wisdom of doing things in packs hadn’t failed him on the day of his accident. He had ventured out alone before, and in any case, most of the ski ranges around his mountain home were littered with forest rangers whose job was to help stranded hikers. So a solo trip by an experienced skier wasn’t the most dangerous of adventures. Every seasoned skier is aware of both the risks and the joys involved with skiing off-piste. It’s a different experience from the snow that’s been packed down into hard ice by the hundreds of other skiers who have already crossed over it. Movements occur almost in slow-motion as the skier glides in and out of the piles of powder. It’s an exhausting challenge that requires effort from the skier’s whole body, but a unique one that hooks a skier after just one run. Thomas even had special equipment for this particular type of skiing. His well-worn pair of traditional skis wouldn’t be sufficient, so he’d expended an extra two hundred pounds on a wider set of blades especially made for skiing in powder. And it wasn’t as if safety was the last thing on his mind. He’d brought his avalanche kit in case of emergencies. He wore an airbag that would help to keep him near the surface if he pulled the cord in time, and another device which would assist him with breathing under snow. The rescue service’s number was programmed into his mobile phone, and his avalanche transceiver - which emits an emergency signal - was equipped with fully-charged batteries. Thomas’s run that day was in familiar territory. He had always skied with a trusted ski buddy, with never an incident to report. Perhaps he had been lulled into a false sense of security. In fact, he had intended to ski with a friend that morning. When his friend couldn’t make it, Thomas considered not going himself, but the snow on the mountain had fallen just the night before, and the lure was too intense. His run was a wide, bare track of slope nestled between two pine forests - a real skier’s delight, and quite popular with the locals as well. They say an avalanche is like a sleeping giant, waiting to be woken up by even the slightest of nudges. Thomas gave this giant more than a nudge - he skied right over it and before he knew it, he was skiing on top of it as it slid down the mountain along with him. And if you ski on top of the giant’s mouth, it’s likely to swallow you whole. As Thomas sank beneath powder, through his acute panic he managed to pull the cord on his airbag. The roar of the giant fell silent seconds later, and from beneath the snow it was as if morning had turned to night. Thomas tried to reach his phone, but his arm might as well have been cast in concrete. Lying still, his panic slowly shifting to an eerie peacefulness, he did his best to keep his chin up. He even began to enjoy the dark solitude, even though he knew he might never be found. Luckily for him, the giant had caught the attention of others, and the transceiver was doing the job it was designed to do. 26
Test 2 12 What are the ‘packs’ that the author refers to in the first paragraph? 1) Types of snow. 3) Groups of people. 2) Regions or areas. 4) Ski manoeuvres. Ответ: 13 Why didn’t Thomas think his solo ski run would be very risky? 1) There were personnel to help in case of trouble. 2) He wasn’t aware of the potential dangers. 3) He had been on more dangerous ski adventures. 4) He believed powder to be easier to ski on than packed ice. Ответ: — 14 Skiers who ski on powder for the first time ... 1) often never do it again. 3) fall in love with the experience. 2) find it to be relaxing. 4) often get stuck in the snow. Ответ: 15 What is true about Thomas’s avalanche kit? 1) The airbag would help him breathe. 2) The airbag would inflate automatically. 3) He had an emergency number written down. 4) Some items required electric power to function. Ответ: 16 Why did Thomas particularly want to ski that day? 1) It was pre-arranged with his friend. 2) He wanted to ski alone. 3) The area was beautiful. 4) The weather conditions were ideal. Ответ: — 17 An avalanche is compared to a sleeping giant because ... 1) it’s not usually dangerous. 2) it can quickly spring into life. 3) it’s a huge spectacle. 4) it can easily kill people. Ответ: — 18 The expression ‘keep his chin up’ in the last paragraph means ... 1) stay positive. 2) keep breathing. 3) raise his head. 4) avoid making movements. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 2 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. GUM department stores 19 GUM is the name of the large department store in Moscow that faces Red Square. It used to be a chain of shops in the former republics of the Soviet Union, at which time these shops as State Department Store, although GUM now stands for Main Department Store. The structure on Red Square where GUM is located has been there since the early 1890s. It’s one of the buildings in the KNOW FAMOUS city of Moscow. The building is nearly a quarter of a kilometre long. Shops inside the building are situated on a long corridor with a glass roof, and each shop sits inside an archway, creating a luxurious shopping experience. 21 The building is a work of art. IT Identical twins Beth and Mary are identical twins. They look exactly alike, and when 22 they were, their teachers didn’t know which CHILD twin was which. People called them by the wrong name all the time! Although the girls 23 plenty of opportunities to play tricks, they HAVE never did. As adults, however, they once took a job on a practical joke show, where 24 they they were in a bathroom looking into a PRETEND mirror. The mirror was actually glass, with Beth on one side and Mary on the other. A woman came into the bathroom. She looked in the ‘mirror’ and saw Beth and her ‘reflection, but she couldn’t see anything on her side. 25 confused, the woman asked, ‘Is there something FEEL wrong with this mirror, or is it just me?!’
Test 2 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Stella McCartney 26 Stella McCartney is more than just the daughter of music legend Paul McCartney of the Beatles. She is famous in her own right as a fashion DESIGN 27 Born in London in 1971, McCartney studied at Central Saint Martins College of Arts and Design. Alexander McQueen, another icon of the fashion world, studied there as well. GLOBE 28 Despite her well-known last name, not everyone was sure that she would be in the fashion industry, but she worked hard to create eye-catching clothing and won early awards for her sharp, confident style. SUCCESS 29 Of course, she was well-connected to the rich and famous before she made a name for herself in fashion. During her , famous supermodels including Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss wore her clothes for the college's runway show. GRADUATE 30 Her clothes are popular and sell well. Her 2005 collection for H&M clothing shops was designed to offer her fans a more affordable range, and sold out almost IMMEDIATE 31 Aside from day and evening wear, she has designed clothing for events, including the uniforms for the British to wear in the 2012 London Olympics. She has also designed underwear, a range of skincare products and her own perfume. COMPETE
Test 2 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Great-grandmother Му great-grandmother Lola never ceases to amaze me. She’s 95 years old but she’s still alive and kicking. Not only does she take care of herself without any help, she 32 a boarding house in the Philippines basically all on her own. 33 How is that possible, you ask? That’s an excellent question. My family and I make it back to the Philippines once a year. We always 33 up the subject of retirement with her. My mum says, ‘Why don’t you let someone else run the place, Lola? You know, sit back, relax and put your 34 up more often.’ ‘No, that would spell the end of me,’ she replies. T don’t take a day off work even if I come 35 with the flu. Staying busy is the secret to longevity.’ She doesn’t do all the chores round the boarding house, mind you. She has employees who handle a lot of the heavy lifting, such as washing bed sheets and cleaning rooms. She’s more or less in 36 of the money and she makes sure everyone gets paid. She knows what’s been done and what hasn’t. Her mind is still as sharp as a nail. So, retiring is completely out of the 37 of my life,’ she says. I hope I can 38 for Lola. ‘My last day of work will be the last day up with that fast pace when 1 reach her age 32 1) controls Ответ: 33 1) pass Ответ: 34 1) feet Ответ: 35 1) up Ответ: 36 1) force Ответ: 37 1) question Ответ: — 38 1) stay Ответ: 2) succeeds 3) manages 4) achieves 2) speak 3) take 4) bring 2) hands 3) arms 4) legs 2) over 3) down 4) in 2) right 3) power 4) charge 2) issue 3) subject 4) matter 2) keep 3) hold 4) own По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 2 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Erika, who writes: Our May l?ay holiday is coming up soon. I'm planning on doing something fun. I was wondering about national holidays in your country. What do you usually do on those days? What celebrations does your town or country organise? What's your favourite holiday and why? In other news. I got very high marks in my recent exam ... Write a letter to Erika. In your letter • answer her questions • ask 3 questions about her exam. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. 40 Comment on the following statement. Team sports help people develop a stronger character than individual sports do. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 2 Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Dams are large concrete structures that are built across the middle of rivers. Their purpose is to hold back water, which often creates a lake behind the dam. They also control the flow of the river and produce electricity. Dams can be beneficial because they can provide a stable source of water. This water can be used for farming, for drinking, and even as a habitat for fish and other animals. Additionally, machines are built into the dam that generate power. This power is created when the force of the water moves through the dam, causing a turbine to spin and create an electric current. On the other hand, dams can cause problems for people who live behind them. Because a dam causes a river to swell and create a lake, anyone living near the river will have to relocate. Entire villages have had to be moved because of this reason. Task Study the advertisement. You are considering buying tbe bicycle and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) the cost of the bicycle 2) the best features 3) if it is easy to use 4) when you can collect it 5) if there’s a guarantee You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 2 Task 3 Imagine that some years ago you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the meals presented in the pictures youd prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 3 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: third task A In pairs or as a group, answer these questions. 1 Do you have careers advice at school? [Section 2 Reading: first task C In pairs or as a group, note down as many different types of holiday as you can. Which one would you prefer? 2 Where can you get advice about a career? 3 How important is it to know from an early age what career you want to follow? 4 Do you know what you want to do in life? 5 How do you decide what career to follow? 6 Should schools offer work experience to older students? 7 What help can a careers advisor offer? E Read questions 3-9 in the task on page 37. Write a word or phrase from the questions in each gap to complete the sentences. 1 3 There were about other people waiting to be interviewed. 2 4 My interview had gone really badly. 3 5 Should I my hobbies on my CV? 4 6 Can you help me this form? 5 7 It’s important to give a good ________________impression by dressing smartly. 6 8 1 have a very busy today. 7 9 Try to make your sound positive. My preference is a holiday because___________________ D Look at the 8 headings for the task on page 38. For each heading, write two or three words or phrases that you would expect to appear in the paragraph. Simple pleasures cheap,______________________ Historical visits castle,_____________________ Hiking trips countryside,______________________ Lap of luxury good hotel,_______________________ The high seas ship,_______________________ Down the slopes mountain,_________________________ Going downstream river,______________________ Frozen wonders ice,______________________ 34
Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: second task E Complete the table. noun verb adjective adverb X X extreme 1 2 occur 3 (re) )( Mongolia X 4 X 5 differ 6 7 8 change 9 (un) 10 (un) 11(un) X 12 13 14 tour 15 16 X 5 The sport which appeals to me most is ... F Make these adjectives negative with un-, im-y in- or ir-. 1 relevant 5 organised 2_ possible 6 responsible 3 changed 7 personal 4 decisive 8 secure 61 am most pleased that your father has purchased a new automobile. 7 Could you inform me about the type of car he purchased? [Section 41 Writing: first task G Read the first task on page 45. Rewrite each of the following sentences in a more informal way. There is more than one possibility. 1 To my close friend Tom, 8 I wish you the greatest success in your race. 9 Best wishes, Section 5 Speaking: third task 2 I would like to express my thanks for your letter. H Choose the best word or phrase to use when presenting a photo. 3 Put aside your nervousness and attempt to fulfil your potential. 4 Regarding the variety of sports offered at school and the locations that one can go to see sports, ... 1 I was taking / took the photo at a music festival. 2 These are my friends at I in the picture. 3 As you can see, we try I are trying to put up our tent. 4 It took us hours and it was so I such funny that I had to take a photo. 5 I want I am wanting you to see it so you can see Igor has a sense of humour. 35
Test 3 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. The best cafes are those located near busy pedestrian streets. 2. A cafe should be quiet if it wants to attract readers. 3. Playing board games with friends is a great cafe pastime. 4. The decor of a cafe can make or break its business. 5. A cafe can make a business meeting more casual and less dull. 6. You can even watch news programmes in cafes these days. 7. A town should have a variety of cafes for every taste. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А В С D Е F G Ryan doesn’t do some of the things mentioned in the recycling lesson. Until today, Macy has used the bin in her bedroom for recycling only Ryan’s dad has got a very large recycling bin in his office. Macy never eats food in her bedroom. Ryan has visited a recycling plant in the past. Macy makes a complaint about rinsing containers. Ryan’s family empty their recycling bin less frequently than their rubbish bin. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 3 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. 3 What is true about Martin’s appointments with students? 1) He sees about a dozen students every day. 2) Students pay a small fee for the service. 3) He usually meets with a student for an hour. 4 5 The questionnaire asks students about... 1) previous work experience. 2) what careers they’re interested in. 3) the kind of situations they like. What kind of answers do students give in regard to their interests? 1) They sometimes put down several completely different interests. 2) They give a clear indication of their interests. 3) They often don’t put anything down. 6 7 Students return to see Martin ... 1) because they’ve changed their minds about their interests. 2) to fill out their questionnaire forms. 3) to complain about the advice they’ve been given. What does Martin do with the students’ CVs? 1) He doesn’t handle any aspect of that. 2) He reviews them and then gives them to his assistant. 3) He gets his assistant to make initial comments. 8 Martin doesn’t do practice interviews because ... 1) he can’t fit them into his daily work schedule. 2) he doesn’t think they’re useful. 3) students don’t like doing them. 9 What advice does Martin give about talking about weaknesses? 1) Try to describe them so they sound more positive. 2) Avoid being honest about them. 3) Spend as little time on them as possible. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ N° 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 3 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Simple pleasures 2. Historical visits 3. Hiking trips 4. Lap of luxury 5. The high seas 6. Down the slopes 7. Going downstream 8. Frozen wonders A. A holiday is many things to many people. Some like to be active, while others like to just sit back and relax. A fun family trip that everyone can enjoy is river rafting. This is where you and your whole family sink into an inflatable craft on a slow flowing river and just lie back and watch nature as it passes you by. B. Most people put a lot of focus on a holidays specific destination. Others have something else in mind. They want five-star hotels, fine dining and other niceties at their fingertips. You have to admit, it’s not a bad idea. Who needs to go sightseeing when you can just get a deep massage, swim in a heated pool or have chocolate-covered strawberries delivered to your table? C. It’s hard to believe someone would want to stay in an ice hotel, but believe it or not, such a thing exists. There’s one in the most northern regions of Sweden which operates during winter. It’s not as cold as one would think, as long as you don’t touch the walls! As for day trips, it’s a snowy winter wonderland as far as the eye can see. D. Seeing nature is definitely a good choice for a holiday adventure. One idea is to visit a canyon. Often, you can walk through the centre of the canyon and see towering cliffs and fascinating rock formations. It’s a great way to get a bit of exercise as well. Just make sure you’ve got a sturdy pair of boots on for the rough terrain. E. Summer isn’t the only time you can go on a fulfilling holiday. Many winter destinations have much to keep you entertained. Take skiing trips, for example. A gorgeous drive to the mountains is enough to take your stress away. Few things are more thrilling than gliding over snow at speed. Even if you’re afraid of skiing, there’s always the beginner runs. Even little kids give those a try! F. Imagine visiting ten different cities in just two weeks. This is the type of holiday you can have on a cruise ship. Each time the ship pulls into a new port, you get to hop off and explore a new, exotic locale. And in between stops, you can admire the amazing waters of the world. You may love the water so much, you never want to return to land! G. Some people’s idea of a holiday is very straightforward. All they want is to lie undisturbed on a golden beach surrounded by crystal blue waters, with an umbrella to shield them from the bright rays. It may be the typical holiday setting, but you have to admit, it’s very popular for a reason. Just make sure you pack extra sun cream and a large hat! Ответ: A В C D E F G
Test 3 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. The Thames Barrier Flooding has become a grave concern for many areas of the UK. Possibly due to global warming, it seems that the UK is getting wetter and wetter as each year passes. Recent rains have ruined thousands of peoples homes A. The UK is no stranger to floods. For centuries citizens in London suffered from tidal surges that would creep up the river Thames and flood the city. For this reason, the British government decided to build a barrier, known as the Thames Barrier, В. Built in the late 1970s, the barrier has saved the country billions of pounds in building repairs. It has saved lives also; the 1928 Thames flood killed 14 people, and 307 people died in the North Sea flood of 1953. After this, the importance of building C. The barrier, constructed in southeast London, is a marvel to look at. The concrete barrier supports are topped with huge domes of polished steel that look very futuristic. The barrier works by tilting large platforms, D, upwardly into a vertical position in order to block the flow of water. Since its construction, the floodgates have been closed over 160 times. The barrier was built with the future in mind, and designed to withstand devastating flood conditions. At some point, however, it will have to be fortified, as estimates predict that it will lose E. More will need to be done to extend its usefulness. The barrier has been successful for London, but it was designed specifically to protect the capital city. In other regions of the UK, it will take more F. 1. to protect the country’s wide expanses of rural farmland from flooding 2. a barrier was thrust to the forefront of government policy 3. and left many of them homeless for months 4. which have saved numerous lives in the decades since being built 5. a great deal of its protection powers after the year 2070 6. which lie flat on the river bed during normal sea and weather conditions 7. to keep the floodwater from spilling over into the streets Ответ: A В C D E F 39
Test 3 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Road trip The second week of Sarahs road trip proved to be problematic. Even though she had voiced concerns about her boyfriend’s great idea’ of buying a used van to travel around in, she wasn’t about to say ‘I told you so’ when it broke down halfway across Kentucky. She did, however, sigh when Josh asked if she would chip in for repairs. ‘I’m going to have to call my parents for this, you know,’ she said in a patient yet admonishing tone. So the pair of them, accompanied by Sarah’s sister, Michelle, and a friend, Shane, were stranded for the next couple of days in Bardstown, population 11,700. They scrabbled to find something to do to entertain themselves while they waited for the engine part to arrive. They’d made sleeping arrangements at a quaint bed and breakfast near the historic district. It was either that or the row of bog standard, characterless motels out on the interstate highway that Sarah had convinced the others to avoid. ‘The mechanic said we should check out Bardstown. It might be pretty dull, but how bad can it be?’ she urged the group, not fully convinced they’d find something better. Michelle, who usually argued for the sake of it, was for once on board. The guys agreed. Once the accommodation was taken care of, they set out for the bit of sightseeing that Bardstown had to offer. They perused the main road, with its dozen or so buildings that had survived from the town’s days as an early trading post. Each one had its own version of a knick-knack shop. They were charming, and contrary to Sarah’s gut feeling from before, there were much worse places to be stranded in. They decided to enter one of the shops. Although more spacious than the others, it was still jam-packed with stuff. ‘Howdy, folks,’ the shop owner said as they entered, which was not so much ‘Welcome to Bardstown as ‘You break it, you buy it.’ Sarah suspected it was an age-appropriate comment, as they didn’t look like the most responsible bunch, despite the opposite being true in her case. The shop was filled with the typical antique shop items: odd, mismatched china sets, silverware, wooden furniture, lampshades. The walls had dozens of old paintings only the painter could love and more stuffed birds than Sarah cared to see. The shop was void of people, eerily quiet, and even though she and Michelle found humour in the items, they kept their comments to themselves. The guys admired the old hunting rifles. ‘I hope there aren’t any bullets left in those,’ Michelle quipped, the words jarring the silence. Less interested in gazing at objects, Sarah decided to strike up a conversation with the owner. ‘Have you lived here all your life?’ Sarah asked, imagining the answer to be ‘Yes.’ ‘My parents were even born here. In fact, there might be more people in town I’m related to than not,’ the owner said, straight faced. Sarah didn’t know what to make of that comment, but she politely laughed. ‘Where are you guys from?’ he asked. ‘Certainly not from around these parts.’ ‘We’re from New Hampshire. On a road trip across America. We’re going to California,’ she said, wondering if she offered too much information, little as it was. ‘Oh, too many earthquakes out there for me,’ he said. ‘I’ll stay put.’ ‘We were wondering where we should get something to eat. Any recommendations?’ she asked genuinely, but also because she couldn’t think of anything else to say. ‘Everything’s safe to eat around here, except the burger joint out on the highway, next to the mechanic. Worst place to eat around. Worst mechanic in town, too.’
Test 3 12 13 14 How did Sarah feel about calling her parents for help? 1) Eager. 3) Enraged. 2) Put out. 4) Disinterested. Regarding accommodation, Sarah was sure ... 1) there was something better than on the highway. 2) that Bardstown would be entertaining. 3) the mechanic knew was he was talking about. 4) she didn’t want to stay on the highway. What does the phrase ‘gut feeling’ in the fourth paragraph mean? 1) A moment of confusion. 3) A feeling of certainty. 2) Discomfort in the stomach. 4) An initial attitude or belief. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: 15 The shop owner greeted the group with ... 1) a humorous tone. 2) genuine kindness. 3) suspicion. 4) a salesman-like attitude. Ответ: 16 Sarah thought that the paintings in the shop were ... 1) attractive. 2) all very similar. 3) all by the same artist. 4) ugly. Sarah laughed at what the shop owner said because she ... 1) found it to be funny. 2) felt a bit nervous. 3) assumed he was joking. 4) thought of something funny. Ответ: Ответ: 18 How was Sarah likely to feel at the end of the last paragraph? 1) Relieved. 2) Concerned. 3) Amused. 4) Confident. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. 41
Test 3 i£] 20 21 22 23 24 25 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Swimming competition Jane was upset after she finished the regional swimming competition. She had practised every day for several months, but despite all her hard work, she finished in place. TWO She tried not to be too disappointed about it, but at her swimming practice the other day she her fastest time ever, SWIM which had made her really hopeful of winning the competition this time. Her father tried to make her feel better. “There are plenty of other swimming competitions to win. Just keep practising and one day you the gold!” he told her, making her laugh by GET stretching his arms up in the air so vigorously that he fell oft his chair. Where ships go to die We might not think about it much, but most of us owe a lot to the shipping industry. Almost anyone who a car, BUY clothes or furniture recently has benefitted from the industry, because it is the cheapest way to transport goods. ✓ No matter where a ship has sailed during its life, most ships to South Asia when they are no longer usable. SEND India, Bangladesh and Pakistan alone take up to 70% of worn-out ships. The ships rest along the shoreline, where workers climb on them and take them apart piece by piece. In 2012, observers recorded that 365 ships on beaches in this region. LIE The work is quite dangerous, and occasionally, workers lose lives. More must be done to make this work safe. THEY
Test 3 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Altai mountains Russia’s Altai mountains are situated near the country’s border with Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan. The mountain range is quite 26 high and difficult to cross. EXTREME The mountains were formed as a result of the Indian subcontinent pushing into southern Asia. There are many fault lines that run through 27 the region, and although it is a rare, the region OCCUR sometimes has very large earthquakes. 28 The name Altai means golden mountain in the MONGOLIA language. The tallest peak is Belukha mountain, which actually has two peaks. One of the peaks reaches a height of 4,440 metres, and the other reaches 4,506 metres. The mountains are home to several glaciers, lakes and 29 rivers, and many types of plants and animals DIFFER are found in its range of habitats. Many species in the region have existed since the last ice age. This is because the Altai mountain range is one of the few places 30 in the world whose climate has remained largely CHANGE since that period. The mountain range and its surrounding area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Because of the mountains’ stunning natural beauty, 31 the region has become quite popular with. TOUR
Test 3 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Horse riding lessons Learning to ride a horse can be a thrilling, yet challenging experience, as Laura learnt during her early lessons. She would never have 32 up for the course if it hadn’t been for her boyfriend urging her to try it, but she’d decided to face her fears and give it a go. Her first lesson went fairly well, although it took her half an hour just to 33 the horse, who could obviously sense her fear and wasn’t keen on helping her out. The instructor told her, ‘Don’t be frightened. Just try to 34 him that you’re in control. He won’t throw you.’ She eventually managed it and rode for a full hour, so it was a successful day after all. Her next few lessons went fairly smoothly. The area where she practised was an open meadow surrounded by trees and a river. It was a safe place to learn, but still, she had to be mindful hazards such as rocks and the occasional wild animal. On one particular day, her horse came threw Laura to the ground, just as her instructor had said it wouldn’t. ‘I’m terribly sorry about that,’ he said. Laura was a good 37 too!’ She ended the day a bit unhurt and determined to continue riding. 35 36 a snake in the woods. The horse took fright and 38 about it. ‘If I came across a snake, I’d throw someone off my back, from where her body had hit the ground, but otherwise 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 1) enrolled 2) signed 3) written 4) entered Ответ: 1) mount 2) board 3) climb 4) launch Ответ: 1) pretend 2) insist 3) force 4) convince Ответ: 1) of 2) for 3) to 4) with Ответ: 1) by 2) through 3) over 4) across Ответ: 1) round 2) match 3) sport 4) game Ответ: 1) bruised 2) broken 3) sprained 4) torn Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
ТЫ 3 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom, who writes: I'm competing in a race this weekend for my school. I'm guite excited about it, and a bit nervous, too. I was wondering about sport in your country. What sports does your school have? Where do people usually go to watch big sporting events? What's your favourite sport and why? In other news, my dad's just bought a new car ... Write a letter to Tom. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about his dad’s new car. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. 40 Comment on the following statement. People have become too dependent on technology. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 3 Раздел 5. Говорение Task Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Many insects have the ability to taste things with different parts of their bodies. They have sensors in these body parts, usually in the form of tiny hairs. These act similarly to the taste buds in our tongues. A fly is one type of insect that can taste things just by landing on it. This is because it has taste receptors in the hairs on its feet. In fact, when a fly rests upon a surface that is some kind of food, the fly’s mouth will open automatically as a reflex action. Another insect that can perform the same function is a butterfly. Some insects can taste things using the thin hairs on their antennae. Honey bees and wasps are two such creatures. In the same way that they taste things, they can also use these hairs to smell odours that pass through the air. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You are considering visiting the restaurant and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) location 2) opening hours 3) if reservations are accepted 4) type of fish served 5) desserts You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 3 Task 3 Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the situations presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously. 47
Test 4 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: first task Section 2| Reading: second task A Match each type of story with its probable title. 1 history book 2 romantic novel 3 biography 4 science fiction 5 crime novel 6 graphic novel / comic strip 7 true story a All for love b Albert Turner: A life of colour c How I survived 40 days alone in the desert d Ancient Greeks and Persians e Spiderman vs Batman f Alien invaders g The Mysterious Case of the Gun in the Box В Look at the headings 1-7 on page 50. Match each statement below with a heading that has a similar meaning. a Thinking about the past can make the way we act better. b The role of images is important in storytelling. c A compelling story with twists and turns is a real page-turner. d True life stories can be better than made-up ones. e Love stories can be emotionally powerful. f Imagining the future can foresee inventions that may happen. g Learning about great people C Read the text on page 53 and find words or phrases in the text which have a similar meaning to these words or phrases. 1 man ________________ 2 time when a king or queen is in power 3 ancestry ________________ 4 small ________________ 5 doctor ________________ 6 wedding ________________ 7 not so nice ________________ 8 clever ________________ D Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the answers to Exercise C. 1 The name Bill is a form of William. 2 He qualified as a last year. 3 He’s of mixed Spanish and Russian 4 He’s a lovely, humorous and fellow. Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: third task E Quickly read the task on page 58 and decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F). 1 ... to improve the museums 32. The word that fits in the gap probably means: a) physical appearance. b) the way others see it. 2 ... he 33 to his bosses. Mark: a) suggests a plan. b) answers a question.
3 The competition really took 35. This suggests that the competition: a) had few entrants. b) had a lot of entrants. 4 ... the idea was a 36. The word that fits in the gap probably means: a) a good thing. b) a bad thing. 5 ... she blogged 38 the experience If the verb was talked rather than blogged, what preposition would you put? a) through b)about [Section 41 Writing: second task F Look at the second task on page 59. Decide if the following is a point for (F) or against (A) governments limiting the size of sugary drink containers. 1 People who want to drink these things will just buy more. 2 Most drinks apart from water contain sugar._________ 3 Young people are getting fatter. 4 We should choose what to eat or drink. 5 Public health is more about prevention than cure. G In pairs or as a group, discuss which of the statements above you agree or disagree with. H Make notes to complete the paragraph plan. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5 Section Speaking: fourth task I Look at the photos for task 4 on page 61. In pairs or as a group, read the statements below and decide if they are talking about a lecture (L) or a private lesson (P). 1 There’s no point going as you can find all her I his talks on the website. 2 You feel he’s really interested in your views on the subject. 3 I don’t feel I can say much because she I he might think I’m stupid. 4 My friend records it on her mobile and we listen later. 5 I like the way she / he illustrates her / his talks with images on the big screen. 6 I usually sit at the back and fall asleep. 7 It gives you the chance to really work on your mistakes and improve. J Choose the best word or phrase. 1 They both show I are both showing teachers with students. 2 There are more people in this photo from I than that one. 3 Both / Either show a learning situation. 4 They differ I are differing in that in the first... 5 What they are / have in common is that...
Test 4 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. Suspense and mystery keep readers entertained to the end. 2. A sweet tale of romance can warm the reader’s heart. 3. Some of the best stories are told through pictures, rather than words. 4. Some stories describe technological advancements yet to be seen. 5. Our behaviour can be improved by looking back in time. 6. Reality is sometimes more entertaining than fantasy. 7. Reading about another persons life can bring meaning to our own. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение A J C D E F G Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. Gareth twice had problems sleeping during the night. Gareths dad is going to cut branches from the tree. Gareth decides to miss football practice in order to get more sleep. Margie had a coke earlier in the day. Neither Gareth nor Margie enjoy drinking coffee. Margies next lesson is in maths. Gareth doesn’t like the English lit teacher. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 4 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. Lori says a zorb ball is ... 1) larger than a car. 2) made of a very hard material. 3) capable of holding two people. What keeps the ball from rolling off the path? 1) Trained personnel. 2) Wooden railings. 3) The riders. How does Lori describe her zorbing experience? 1) She felt sick the first time. 2) She wanted to do it again and again. 3) She likes it better than a roller coaster. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Lori says the zorb runs ... 1) are like going down a motorway. 2) last for a few minutes. 3) spin a rider over several times. Where is the zorbing park located? 1) On the edge of town. 2) In an open meadow. 3) In a wooded area. Ответ: Ответ: 8 Lori says the other type of zorb ball... 1) doesn’t spin the rider. 2) is for experienced riders. 3) rolls over water. Ответ: 9 Which of these other activities can you do at the zorbing park? 1) Take swimming lessons. 2) Go on some walks. 3) Have a barbecue. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1 -9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. 5 6 7
Test 4 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8 Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Flowershop 5. Animal visit 2. Part-time job 6. Daily spotlight 3. Caring for animals 7. Indoor chores 4. Gardening jobs 8. Daily wake-up A. Some people might think working round the house is an easy thing, but these people obviously don’t do very much of it. When you have to tidy up a living room full of kids’ toys, clean bookshelves covered in dust and prepare a meal for suppertime, it can be exhausting. You can’t do it alone, so you’ve got to employ your family to help. Still, they don’t always do their jobs! B. Being a florist is a rewarding job. It’s almost like being a decorator of plants. You make all sort of arrangements in a variety of colours for special occasions like weddings and Mother’s Day, and naturally, you have to be a lover of all things green. You’ve got to make sure all the plants stay healthy otherwise it’s hard to make a sale. C. Working as a TV newsreader has its ups and downs. The up side is if you love communicating and think you do it well, it’s the perfect job for you On the other hand, it can be quite stressful being on camera often, especially when you don’t feel like it. Additionally, the news is often not pleasant to report on, so you’ve got to keep a stiff upper lip. D. If you’re looking for some extra money, you might want to consider working for a few hours after school. Lots of places are keen on employing young people, and the work schedule can be quite flexible. A student has a busy life, so you probably couldn’t do more than ten or twelve hours a week, but it’s a great way to earn some cash and learn responsibility. E. For many adults, the first thing to do every morning is to grab a cup of coffee and sit down with the news. Whether it be reading a paper or the internet, it seems to be a habit for lots of people. The news has a way of kicking your mind into gear, along with the coffee, of course, and then once you’ve had your fill, it’s off to get ready for work. F. Whereas some people don’t mind doing housework, for others, it’s a real bother. They prefer being outside, and if they’ve got a big garden to tend to, there’ll be many tasks to keep them entertained, such as planting seeds, pruning trees and doing the watering. There’s something they can do outside every day, and they never get bored with it G. There are lots of different class trips a teacher can take students on, like visiting a newspaper or a bank to see how things are run. An interesting way to learn about nature is a trip to the zoo. The kids see lots of different kinds of animals, and they can learn about where they’re from. It’s just one of many class trip ideas. Ответ. A В c D E F G
Test 4 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Petrushka Petrushka is a character from Russian folk puppetry. Traditionally dressed in red, with a red kolpak, or pointed hat, Petrushka was a humorous fellow A. Petrushka first came to life, so to speak, sometime in the 18th century during Empress Anna Ioannovna’s reign. In the Empress’s court was a man named Pietro Mira Pedrillo, of Italian descent, В. It was this man’s character and style that became the basis for Petrushka. In fact, the name Petrushka is a diminutive form of the name Pyotr (Peter, or Pietro in Italian). In the beginning, Petrushka was intended for an adult audience. The plots of the puppets theatrical plays were about a variety of common, meaningful occurrences in a Russian’s life: a visit to a medical practitioner, learning military service, or a marriage ceremony, to name a few. The plots employed the use of interactive humour C. Over time, puppet theatre moved away from adult-themed entertainment and towards children’s fare. Because of this, some of the long running and less savoury characters had to be retired. Still, the humour of the shows was considered sharp-witted enough D. An interesting aspect of Petrushka, as with other puppet shows, is his unusual voice, made to sound like a funny whistle, or kazoo. This would add a buzzing sound to the character’s speech, E. Mr Punch of Punch and Judy shows in the UK is one character with a similar voice. Petrushka was famously made into a ballet in 1911 by Russian ballet composer Igor Stravinsky. The ballet tells a coming-to-life story of the puppet F. 1. to provide entertainment for both children and their parents 2. and follows his journeys as he discovers his thoughts and emotions 3. to force many puppeteers to seek alternative sources of income 4. who entertained the empress during leisurely afternoons 5. which could also be heard in famous puppet shows of other countries 6. whose persona was based on the personality of a court jester 7. which allowed the audience to participate in the various shows A В C D E F
Test 4 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. The job of a butler The job of а 21 st century butler was underappreciated in society, but in carrying out the role Mr Wainwright found a type of magnificence which contradicted that lack of respect. His ability to be a silent yet highly perceptive presence amongst the upper classes, whilst performing his duties immaculately, was his proof. He understood why he might be looked down upon by others; servitude wasn’t equated with prestige, unlike other jobs such as surgeon or architect. And society’s general disdain for the very privileged meant those who served them were like slaves to the enemy. He could leave his job at any time, however, and his salary rivalled his prestigious counterparts in the outside world’. What he wasn’t allowed to do was be less than perfect. A butler was the boss of all the other service staff and he hadn’t arrived at the position overnight. The others around him - the valet, the footman, the hall boy - could make small mistakes and seemingly get away with it, that is until the earl took notice and had a word with Mr Wainwright, which he would pass on to them. The admonishment was more like a slap on the wrist, thanks to his kindly nature, however. The butler had to know what was going to happen before it happened. Anticipation was the top job skill - not something you’re taught at school. It was a life lesson, one most people rarely learn. Even at butler training, this skill would be one you would just have to ‘pick up’. They’d tell you that you need to do this, but it was up to the individual to work out how they’d achieve it. Sacrificing your own needs to attend to the needs of others was a large part of it. Besides being well paid for his service, there were certain other rewards for being a butler. The workspace was an elegant turn-of-the-century mansion, which Mr Wainwright admired deeply but had grown so accustomed to he took for granted, aside from its upkeep. The endless array of dignitaries that passed through the halls meant experiencing - if only from the sidelines - a slice of society most people would never come across. The butlers living quarters were well furnished, if meagre in space. But the butler - in fact, all the staff - dined much like the nobility. They partook of the same fine meals that went upstairs, even if they consumed them downstairs. That was what Mr Wainwright savoured the most. Every bit as delicate as the household procedures was Mr Wainwright’s relationship with the earl. Their exchanges were often friendly, but it was understood that they were not ‘friends’, nor could Mr Wainwright ever wish for that. The lady of the house was technically the person he reported to. Lady Channing was the one who’d elevated him to his exalted position, and who would defend him against any of the earl’s misgivings about his service, of which there were few. Mr Wainwright had settled on a life of service, disregarding other opportunities, not only because of his rare ability to serve others while remaining largely unseen, but also because of his deep-seated need to be needed himself. Praise, however, was rare in Channing Manor - the perfunctory ‘Thank you, Wainwright’ was as commonplace as afternoon tea. The very promotion from footman to butler had only included the words ‘I’d like you to be our butler’ followed by ‘This is what you will do’. It was years later, when Lady Channing, in a moment of humility, said, T don’t know what I would do without you,’ that Mr Wainwright was reminded of his wise choice. 54
Test 4 12 What does Mr Wainwright consider to be magnificent? 1) His position. 3) Peoples opinions. 2) His duties. 4) His abilities. Ответ: 13 In what way is Mr Wainwright’s job like a surgeon’s? 1) It is well paid. 3) The duties are similar. 2) People appreciate both jobs. 4) People look down on both jobs. Ответ: 14 The phrase ‘slap on the wrist’ in the third paragraph means ... 1) a severe punishment. 3) tapping someone’s hand with wood. 2) a light warning. 4) light praise. Ответ: 15 How does a butler learn how to foresee his boss’s needs? 1) Through training. 2) From higher staff. 3) From the boss himself. 4) Through personal devotion. Ответ: 16 ‘That’ in ‘That was what Mr Wainwright savoured the most’ in the fifth paragraph refers to ... 1) the surroundings he dined in. 2) the food he dined on. 3) the people he dined with. 4) the manner in which he dined. Ответ: 17 What is true about Mr Wainwright’s relationships with the Channings? 1) The earl defended him from Lady Channing. 2) Lady Channing deeply respected him. 3) He wished he was closer to the earl. 4) He and the earl often had problems. 18 Mr Wainwright was satisfied with being a butler because ... 1) the lady had said many kind things to him over the years. 2) he enjoyed serving others without wanting anything in return. 3) a few small things were said to him on a daily basis. 4) he realised he was a valued and necessary part of something. Ответ: Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. The London Tube Have you ever wondered what strange things lurk within the London Underground (or ‘Tube’) system? The first things people usually think of are the mice that you can occasionally see RUN along the tracks. In fact, mice aren’t the only strange things in the Underground system. Passengers leave behind thousands of objects. Items that were once 20 now reside in London Transport’s lost THEY property office. The collection is not open to the public, but a wedding dress, sets of false teeth, artificial limbs and a metre-high Mickey Mouse statue are just some of things people could see if they visited the office. Objects that 21 in the office for more than three months are LEAVE donated to charity or sold at auction. Found money Shelley was reading an article about some money a builder had found in an old house. He’d gone to the police with £64,000. She asked her 22 friend Paul what he would do if he a large FIND amount of money. 23 ‘Oh, the same thing he did,’ Paul to respond. ‘It’s not right to keep that kind of money. It’s not just £20, you know.’ NOT HESITATE Shelley thought about it for several moments. She couldn’t help wondering how the police would know money WHO it was. ‘Apparently’ she said, reading the article further, ‘if nobody claims the money after a certain period of time, the police GIVE it back to the builder.’ She wondered whether the builder would be lucky on this occasion. 56
Test 4 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Green living For years, city planners in Sweden have been creating green 26 communities. These are places that use energy and cut down on waste. WISE 27 In fact, what was once a dirty site has been INDUSTRY transformed into this kind of community. The area, known as Western Harbour, is found in Sweden’s third largest city, Malmo. The area is a marvel when it comes to clean living. It has hardly any streets for cars; homes are linked by walkways and buses provide 28 a regular to the city centre. CONNECT Homes were designed with ‘green points’ in mind. A ‘green point’ could be a plot of ground for growing vegetables, a nest box for birds 29 or a in which residents can plant flowers. CONTAIN Each home is required to have ten green points. The community is powered by 100% renewable energy. Solar panels collect energy from the sun and a nearby wind turbine provides 30 an supply of electricity. END More than just being green, architects made sure the housing 31 was pleasant to look at. Its combination of modern, futuristic design with more traditional styles helps make Western Harbour a joy to live in. DEVELOP
Test 4 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Museum promotion Mark was put in charge of promoting the technology museum he worked for. Attendance had b lagging in recent months, and the museum bosses were looking for something to improve the musei | 32 ]. He often hired advertising firms to come up with the campaigns. Then one day a very strange clever idea popped into his head. ‘Why don’t we let someone live here?’ he His bosses were impressed. So he set out to make it happen. The first step was to The museum had profiles on Twitter and Facebook, and Mark had managed to befriend thousand: of people through social media. He sent this message around to everyone: ‘Win a chance to stay in a museum for a month! The competition really took 35 a 34 33 to his bosses awareness of the campaign __. With hundreds of people entering, Mark knew the idea ,,. The museum hardly spent a thing on advertising. ‘You know what they say, the I advertising is through [ 37 The winner was announced: Amy from Luton. A part of the museum was sectioned off for Amy to li in. Glass walls allowed patrons to look in and see the exhibit’. The only thing demanded of Amy was th > the experience... a clever tie-in with technology. When the TV networ of mouth,’ Mark told his bosses. she blogged 38 called for interviews, Mark knew he had found the holy grail of advertising. 32 1) portrait 2) picture 3) image 4) face Ответ: 33 1) responded 2) admitted 3) advised 4) proposed Ответ: 34 1) raise 2) lift 3) grow 4) build Ответ: 35 1) off 2) in 3) up 4) out Ответ: 36 1) tap 2) slap 3) knock 4) hit Ответ: 37 1) talk 2) speech 3) letter 4) word Ответ: 38 1) over 2) about 3) through 4) from Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ N° 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. 58
Test 4 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛА НК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объем, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 40 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Nicole, who writes: I'm doing a report on the media in one of my classes. I was wondering about your experience with the media. Where do you get your news? How often do you read, watch or listen to the news? What's your opinion about it? In other news, my aunt and uncle are visiting in two weeks ... Write a letter to Nicole. In your letter • answer her questions • ask 3 questions about her aunt and uncles visit. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. Governments should limit the size of sugary drink containers in order to improve public health. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 4 Раздел 5. Говорение Task Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Astronomers are constantly discovering new things in our solar system. Some of the newest findings involve water sources. These findings are of tremendous importance, as water is the key element for life to exist. Some of these water sources have recently been found on objects that we’ve already learned quite a lot about. The moon, to which man has actually travelled, seems to have frozen pools of water present in a few areas. Mars, on which probes have landed on the surface, is believed to have enormous amounts of frozen water in its ice caps. Other objects further from Earth are believed to contain water. Some of the moons of Jupiter and Saturn are thought to have very large, undersea lakes deep below their icy surface. Whether or not life exists in these places is yet to be revealed. Ta! Study the advertisement. You are considering buying the item and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) the cost 2) the age of the item 3) the general condition 4) the seller’s location 5) delivery options You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 4 Task 3 Imagine that some years ago you took some photos of your favourite things. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the learning situations presented in the pictures youd prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 5 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: second task A In pairs or as a group, answer these questions. If you visited a big city,... 1 would it be better to take a guided bus tour or walk around by yourself? Why? 2 what things would you want to do? Why? 3 how long would you be prepared to wait in a queue to see something? В Listen to these extracts from x . the second task on page 64 and circle ~ the word or phrase you hear. 1 It was a bit tiring, driving / walking round so much... 2 ... but it was very bad timing I weather... 3 That was a really big I bad job, you know. 4 The queue for the lift / on the left was about two hours long. 5 That was an all-day I daily event! 6 ... that’s a good reason / excuse to get them to take you there. Section 2 Reading: third task C Quickly read the text on page 68 and decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F). 1 Alan sometimes worked on a farm in Devon. T/F 2 Alan decided to live on the farm for about eight weeks. T/F 3 Alan had done some hard physical work in London. T/F 4 At the start, Alan worked with plants more than animals. T/F 5 Alan joined in with all the jobs his uncle did. T/F 6 Towards the end of his stay, Alan preferred gardening. T/F D Match the words and phrases to the definitions. First paragraph 1 labour 2 chuckle Second paragraph 3 penultimate 4 elated Third paragraph 5 confirmed Fourth paragraph 6 privileged 7 manual Fifth paragraph 8 extensive 9 weeding Sixth paragraph 10 child’s play 11 not long for this world 12 bow out a easy b not do something c very happy dlarge e one before the last f laugh quietly g removing unwanted plants h about to die i done with the hands j with advantages к agreed 1 work 62
Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: first task E Read the texts on page 70 and answer the questions. 1| 19 2| 20 | What tense is required here? Is Pete talking about the past, the present or the future? 3 21 Is the shop owner talking about a general truth or a specific incident? 4| 22 5 П23 Do you need an apostrophe here? Is the correct answer a comparative or a superlative? How do you know? 6 24 Does the letter T appear in the plural of the word ‘THIS’? 7 25 Do you need the active or the passive here? Section 4 Writing: first task F Look at the first task on page 73. Tick the chores that you do at home. a Washing the dishes b Taking out the rubbish c Tidying your room d Looking after a pet e Cleaning the kitchen f Deciding which things to throw out g Washing the car G In pairs or as a group, discuss and note down how often the chores in Exercise F should be done. These chores should be done ... 1 every day. 2 once a week. 3 once a month. 4 once a year. Section 5 Speaking: first task H How many syllables are there when you say these words? There may be more than one answer for some of the words. 1 medicine 2 operations 3 extremely 4 incision 5 manoeuvre 6 scale 7 patient 8 fatigue 9 surgeons 10 entirely I Underline the syllable which has the main stress in these words. Example: beginning 1 robot 2 enter 3 limited 4 surgery 5 delicate 6 precise 7 perform 8 numerous 9 energy 10 techniques
Test 5 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. Sadly, many forests are cut down so that homes can be built. 2. In some ways, people can help a forest grow. 3. An unattended fire is a forests worst enemy. 4. We should try to avoid sacrificing forests for farmland. 5. Whatever you bring into the forest must leave with you. 6. A persons wooden furniture was once an animal’s home. 7. Eco-tourism can raise money to protect forests and the species that live in them. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А В £ Ь Е G Rob did a lot of walking during his trip to Paris. Jessica didn’t go to Paris with Rob because of her job. Jessica has moved house many times before. Rob didn’t have to wait in a queue to climb the stairs. Rob used the lift to get back down from the tower. Rob visited several places the day he visited the Louvre. Jessica will try to convince her parents to take her to Paris. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 5 8 9 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. As a personal shopper, Lisa needs to know ... 1) how clothes should be cared for. 2) how much clients spend on clothes. 3) what clothes her clients have bought before. What is Lisa’s job situation like? 1) She works for only one client. 2) She is employed at one shop only. 3) She is in charge of gift buying. For an appointment with a personal shopper, clients have to ... 1) pay a set charge for the service. 2) call the shop to book. 3) be available for around 90 minutes. How does Lisa seem to feel about the role of a salesperson? 1) She simply says it’s not her job. 2) She looks down upon the role. 3) She admires the work they do. The majority of Lisa’s recommendations are ... 1) based on a persons body type. 2) for people with high-powered jobs. 3) for people who like going out a lot. How does Lisa convince difficult clients to try new styles? 1) She suggests they get a second opinion from another personal shopper. 2) She recommends that they change their hair colour and make-up. 3) She makes them put new clothes on and have a look. The male personal shopper says that... 1) he has few male clients making appointments. 2) men are easy-going about trying new styles. 3) men often know a lot about the clothes they wear. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1и2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. 65
Test 5 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Free entry 5. Wild crowd 2. A bad decision 6. Empty seats 3. Sore loser 7. Accidents happen 4. Chance participant 8. Thrilling match A. For sports fans, attending a sporting event is often an amazing experience. They get to shout and cheer for their team amongst a huge group of like-minded supporters. But then there are those rare moments, in a baseball game, for example, when the hitter knocks the ball into the stands. That’s why some spectators bring gloves, in the rare event that they become part of the game. B. People like different sports for different reasons. Most fans of tennis talk about how it’s filled with a lot of action. If you’ve got two great tennis legends playing, watching them hit the ball back and forth across the net really holds your attention. You’re waiting for one of them to slip up, and you can’t take your eye off the ball! C. For many people, visiting a stadium to see a game is not feasible within their schedule. Instead, they stay at home and watch it on the TV with a group of friends while they enjoy snacks and cheer for their team. Sometimes it seems as if too many people have had the same idea, so you’re watching your team play but you can’t help but notice there’s hardly anyone in the stands! D. Occasionally you hear about this in the news - fans of a certain football team, who love their team seemingly more than life itself, get into huge fights with supporters of the other team It often has a terrible ending, too. It’s hard to believe people can behave so stupidly sometimes. It’s enough to make you not want to visit a sporting event. E. The whole idea of a competition is that someone wins, and someone doesn’t. But sometimes the latter person in that equation doesn’t take it too well. They throw a fit, and storm off the field or court. It doesn’t help the situation, and it looks very bad. If only they realised what fools they’re making of themselves, they might not behave that way F. Sporting events are really popular, and radio shows know this. That’s why they host programmes where you can call in for a chance to win tickets to your favourite match. Usually they ask some sort of trivia question, like who scored the winning goal in the last World Cup, for example. If you’re the first to call in and get the answer right - congratulations! You’re going to a football match! G. It’s so frustrating when you’re watching your favourite team play and they get robbed of a goal. Take football, for example. Players have to get the ball past the line in front of the net. If the goalie stops the ball before it passes the line, the team won’t get the goal What if the ball looks as if it crosses over, but the referee rules against your team? Oh, the anger! Ответ: A В C D E F G
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Leaning Big Ben Is Big Ben becoming the British version of the Leaning Tower of Pisa? Surveys of the famous UK landmark in recent years have proven what can barely be seen by the naked eye. Although it is far smaller than the Tower of Pisa’s tilt of almost four degrees, Big Ben is A. Officials in government seem to be brushing off concerns that the clock tower is in danger of collapsing. They may be right. Considering the tower in Pisa has been leaning for centuries and has yet to fall, В. If anything, Big Ben’s ever-so-slight lean is a fascinating sight to see, if you can in fact notice it. An onlooker standing in Parliament Square looking head on at the tower might perceive an extremely minor lean to the left C. The government is not entirely unconcerned about the stability of the tower. However they state that, in light of extensive structural surveys of the building, no immediate risk is present, D. The tower is leaning in part due to the construction of an underground railway line beneath the structure as well as a car park. In fact, though, many buildings, regardless of what structures are underneath, undergo changes as they age. Most old buildings have a few cracks in them, and E . This isn’t the first structural issue the tower has encountered in its over 150-year life In 1976, the weights that control the workings of the clock snapped off and fell down the clock shaft. The clock actually exploded inside F. Luckily no one was hurt, as the accident happened at 4 am. 1. towards a faster, more economical way of repairing the tower 2. in fact, the Houses of Parliament are cracking a bit themselves 3. towards Bridge Street rather than towards the Houses of Parliament 4. and repairs took nearly nine months to be completed 5. meaning building reinforcements can wait until after the next elections 6. in fact leaning by about 0.26 degrees, according to reports 7. worrying about Big Ben’s immediate demise is likely to be a waste of energy Ответ: A В c D E F 67
lest 5 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Farm life for a city dweller Alan had not spent much of his life on a farm. There had been short visits in the summers to his cousins’ farm in Devon, but he had never actually done any labour. He and his parents would stay for a couple of days, ride horses, have some nice meals and head back to London. His aunt had always said kindly and generously, ‘Why don’t you stay with us for the whole summer? We’ll teach you how to milk the cows.’ He would just chuckle and answer with a polite but mildly sarcastic response, ‘Oh, don’t tempt me, Aunt Jean.’ During his penultimate year at secondary school, he began to take more of an interest in nature. He decided that the upcoming summer would be the perfect opportunity to spend more time on the farm. He made the arrangements with his elated aunt and uncle, packed two months-worth of clothes and set off for the country. Despite not having spent much time on a farm, Alan knew it would not be an easy experience. As a child he had noticed his aunt and uncles weathered hands. At the time he didn’t know why, but as he grew older he came to realise the reason. ‘That’s what farming does to you,’ his mum confirmed when he asked her about it. Still, hard work aside, Alan was curious about all the various tasks a farm had to offer He resisted the urge to behave like a tourist, even though he knew that after the two months had finished, he’d return to his privileged life in the city, where the most difficult manual labour was carrying a rucksack over his shoulder. But there were some things he wasn’t prepared for. Farming can be remarkably dirty work. His aunt and uncle’s farm had a variety of animals to tend to, as well as an extensive vegetable garden. His aunt spent hours every day weeding the garden. It was not something that could be done in one day, or even one week. There was no end to the number of unwanted plants that grew alongside the wanted ones. But Alan spent more time with his uncle and the animals. The stables housed the horses, which, these days, were less like a second set of farm workers and more like pets, and there were fields of sheep, cattle and a chicken coop. He, his uncle and his cousin Fred would ride in his uncle’s lorry and unload bales of hay in the fields for the cows. They had to feed them, and the other animals, as often as they themselves needed to eat. The feeding of animals, the collecting of chicken eggs from the coop, even the shearing of sheep was all child’s play, and was perhaps as deep into farm life as Alan wanted to venture. The holding pens had to be cleaned, though, and even worse was the sad fact about animal farming, which was that some animals weren’t long for this world. This particular aspect wasn’t something that Alan could muster the strength to endure. When the time came, he bowed out, feeling in the end more cowardly than sorrowful. His uncle understood. Alan wasn’t from the farm, and he couldn’t expect him to accept every aspect of the life in just a few short weeks. ‘There are many things I would rather not do out here, but it’s part and parcel of the life,’ his uncle tried to explain. ‘People take these things for granted when somebody else does the work for them.’ While Alan respected his uncle’s words, he spent more and more time in the garden as the weeks went by.
Test 5 How could Alan’s aunt’s invitation be characterised? 1) Sarcastic. 3) Demanding. 2) Desperate. 4) Sincere. Ответ: 13 14 15 Alan asked his mum about his aunt and uncle’s hands ... 1) because he didn’t understand why they looked like that. 2) because he wanted to know more about farm life. 3) knowing what she’d say before she said it. 4) wondering if his own hands would eventually look that way. How did Alan view farm life before he tried it? 1) It would be like a holiday. 2) It would be an interesting experience. 3) It would be easier than his city life. 4) It would be full of really dirty work. Alan describes the horses as being ... 1) no longer working animals. 2) more useful than the other animals. 3) difficult to tend to. 4) essential to the farm. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: 16 ‘Themselves’ in ‘as often as they themselves had to eat’ in the fifth paragraph refers to ... 1) the cattle. 3) the chickens. 2) Alan and his family. 4) the horses. Ответ: — 17 How did Alan feel concerning his refusal of a certain task? 1) He felt sad that this task had to be done. 2) He was ashamed that he wasn’t brave enough to do it. 3) He was happy to have spared the life of a farm animal. 4) He felt upset that his uncle did this kind of work. Ответ: — 18 The phrase ‘part and parcel’ in the last paragraph means ... 1) inseparable. 3) important. 2) optional. 4) disheartening. Ответ: — По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ No 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 5 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. The ripped note Lauren pulled a ten-pound note from her pocket but as she did so it suddenly ripped down the middle. ‘Oh no, I don’t believe it, it’s ruined! And now I ten pounds!’ she said to her friend, LOSE Pete. ‘Why don’t you tape the two pieces back together? I’m sure it 20 fine,’ Pete replied. Lauren had her doubts about BE this, but she decided to try it. She got some tape from her desk and taped the note together as Pete had suggested. But an hour later, when she tried to buy a sandwich, the shop owner refused her note. When she asked why, the surly shop owner said, 21 ‘Sorry, but sometimes two halves a whole.’ NOT MAKE Russian vinaigrette Russian vinaigrette is a type of salad common in Russia, which consists of diced carrots, beetroot and potatoes as well as chopped onions and sometimes sauerkraut. Vinaigrette dressing, from which the salad gets 22 name, is poured over the top. IT The salad was adapted from European recipes that were popular 23 in the 19th century. However, it is now eaten WIDELY in Russia than in western Europe. The salad often appears at celebrations alongside other small dishes, such as cold cuts, cheeses, canapes and open sandwiches. 24 Usually dishes are laid on the table before THIS the guests arrive. The colourful salad is low in calories and full of nutrients, so it for anyone who is on a diet or is just keen RECOMMEND to eat healthily.
Test 5 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Oases Oases are areas where trees and plants grow around a body of water 26 in the middle of a desert. They are phenomena USUAL because there is so little water or vegetation in desert areas. How does the water in an oasis get there? It doesn’t come from the sky, but rather, from underneath the ground. Believe it or not, there are underground rivers and layers of rock which contain water beneath 27 the desert floor. SAND Pressure from underneath these water sources pushes the water to the surface. In other cases, people have drawn the water out , through the use of man-made wells. ARTIFICIAL An oasis can be quite small, only able to support a limited number of trees and to supply a little water for those who pass by. Other oases are big enough to supply considerable populations of people 29 with water. DRINK 30 People who survive on oases must be very CARE with how they use the water, because they must use it to grow food as well as to drink. Many oases have survived for years. They have been of great 31 in terms of setting up trade routes across IMPORTANT the desert.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Natalie’s special skill Natalie had a special skill for shopping, the goal of which was to pay less no matter what. She really knew how to 32 J a hard bargain at the market Her usual routine was to have a look round, then when she found something she liked, she’d ask the stallholder, ‘Is this your best price?’ If they 33 to why that price was wrong. Another tactic was to find some minor problem, depending 34 table, there’s a scratch right there. Do you see it?’ She’d manage to get a few pounds shaved off. Sometimes she’d just say, ‘I’ll give you £20 for this.’ Never mind that it was marked £22.50. Any reduction in price was a win. You’d think she was trying to cut 35 like a game. Occasionally she’d meet her attempt Natalie made. In the end, though, she would pass on it if she didn’t get what she wanted. For her friends, going shopping with her was at least good for a her friend Henry by paying more for somethin‘I’ll give you £200 for this! It’s absolutely gorgeous!’ Natalie said about an antique lamp she had | 38 thought she had fallen and hit her head that morning! 32 36 yes, she would then give reasons as what she saw. ‘See this on expenditure, but it was more . A stallholder would have a good comeback for every 37 . She once shocked upon, which was priced at £150. Henry 32 1) force 2) drive 3) push 4) shove 33 Ответ: 1) said 2) told 3) spoke 4) talked 34 Ответ: 1) to 2) at 3) for 4) on 35 Ответ: 1) back 2) up 3) off 4) out 36 Ответ: 1) twin 2) match 3) double 4) copy 37 Ответ: 1) joke 2) fun 3) game 4) laugh 38 Ответ: 1) stumbled 2) fallen 3) tripped 4) slipped Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведенными в бланке образцами. 72
Test 5 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объема, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Martin, who writes: I've been asked to help my dad clean out the garage this weekend. I was wondering if you do things around the house. V/hat chores do you have to do on a daily basis? Who decides what chores you do around the house? What's your least favourite chore and why? In other news. I've just started guitar lessons ... Write a letter to Martin. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about his guitar lessons. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. 40 Comment on the following statement. People shouldn’t be allowed to work from home because it’s less productive than being in the office. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position 73
Test 5 Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Robots are beginning to enter the field of surgical medicine, even if only for a limited number of operations. There are great advantages to using robots in surgery. Firstly, robots are useful for extremely delicate moves during an operation. A human surgeons hand, while skilful, has only limited capability of making a precise incision or manoeuvre. A robot also allows operations to be carried out on a much smaller scale, leading to better results and less stress on the patient s body. Secondly, robots do not suffer from fatigue. A machine can perform a particular operation numerous times and never tire. Surgeons, on the other hand, must complete their tasks before they lose their energy. Of course, robots cannot replace a human surgeon entirely, but they can provide assistance for specific techniques. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You are considering joining the gym and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) cost of membership and training session 2) length of training session 3) opening hours 4) multiple centres 5) facilities You have 20 seconds to ask each question. 74
Test 5 Task 3 Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... 3 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the rooms presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
anguage and Exam Skills Developmen Section 1 Listening: third task A In pairs or as a group, decide if you agree with the first three statements and complete the fourth. Give reasons. 1 It’s better to see a film of a book than read the original book. 2 It’s better to read a digital book than a paper one. 3 It’s better to visit a bookshop than to order books online. 4 My favourite book is ... В Read questions 3-9 in the task on page 79. Write a word or a phrase from the questions in each gap to complete the sentences. 1 3 3 5 4 6 5 7 Book online now using our new simple and website. 2 4 You can all the latest news with this app. As well as looking stylish, the site will many new features. We recognise that if we don’t _________________, we’ll fall behind. It’s been redesigned with feedback from our___________________ customers. 3t________________ 4f________________ Text B: adjectives describing things in hotels 51________________ 6 c_______________ 7f________________ 8 w______________ 9 m______________ 10 n_______________ Text C: weather 11 s_______________ 12 s_______________ 13 w_______________ Text D: food 14 a_______________ 15 d_______________ 16 c_______________ 17 w_______________ [Section 31 Grammar and vocabulary: second task D Read through the task on page 85 and answer the questions for each item 26-31. 7 9 We couldn’t______________________ adding some features just for fun. The company expects to work ___________________with one leading retailer. Section 2 Reading: first task C Quickly read the first four texts on page 80 and find words or phrases connected with these topics. Text A: money Example: investment 1 c______________ 2 a______________ 1 26 Do we need a positive or negative adjective? 2 27 What type of word usually comes between the and a verb? 3 28 Do we need a noun or an adjective? 4 29 What follows a verb + noun? Is it an adjective or an adverb? 5 30 What letter do you need to change in the word lonely before adding an ending? 6 31 Do we need a word for people or for an idea?__________________
Sectional Writing: second task E Read the second task on page 87 and decide if these statements are for (F) or against (A) genetically-modified food. 1 We don’t know how such food might affect our bodies. 2 We should trust science to make sure that new technologies are safe. 3 We have been using chemicals and fertilizers for years and this is only one further step. 4 Anything that increases food production is good.__________ 5 It’s better to develop more traditional farming techniques. 6 It’s always right to grow food in a natural way.___________ 7 Growing crops which are resistant to disease can only be a good thing. 8 We embrace the latest advances in medical treatment and we should do so in agriculture. Tick (✓) the things you should do when you write your essay. 1 Give reasons for your opinion. 2 Only write about your opinion. 3 Give examples where possible. 4 Express your own opinion in the conclusion. 5 Make a plan before starting. 6 Write a list of points for and against the subject. 7 Say that both views have equal value. 8 Write in paragraphs. 9 Check your work for mistakes at the end. 10 Start by copying the exact words in the statement. Section 5 Speaking: second task G Look at Task 2 on page 88. Put a cross (X) next to each question which is incorrect or unsuitable. 1 a What the monthly rent is? b How is the rent per month? c How much is the monthly rent? d How much is the rent each month? 2 a How is the number of bedrooms? b What are the bedrooms numbers? c How many bedrooms does it have? d What are the bedroom numbers? 3 a Has the flat been renovated recently? b Has there been renovated the flat recently? c Recently the flat has been renovated? d If there have been recent renovations? 4 a How far it is to the nearest public transport? b What the distance is to the nearest public transport? c How distant to the nearest public transport? d How far is it to the nearest public transport? 5 a What is the earliest that I can move in? b Which is your move-in date for my time? c When is the earliest 1 can move in? d How can I date my move in?
Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями ; каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте | каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. | В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. { 1. You need to take your time when you have a meal. 2. We must be careful when eating oily or sugary food. 3. Your day should start off right - healthy, nutritious and satisfying. 4. Three meals a day is all the food you really need. 5. Most dieticians discourage a diet heavy in meat. 6. You should never go to bed with a heavy meal in your stomach. 7. Some dieticians recommend eating several small meals a day. — — Говорящий A в Wl1,.r c D E F Утверждение i Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G ; соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют | I (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать | ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер I выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. | А Joanna doesn’t have a problem understanding maths. Joanna has finished her basketball practice for the week. Peter suggests Joanna does all her studying the night before the exam. Joanna often doesn’t have the energy to study at night. Joanna will be happy if she gets a B. Peter is taking a similar exam to Joanna’s. Peter and Joanna will study together for an hour. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
3 8 •' X. S * Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, j соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись ; дважды. I i I Randall says that readers these days ... 1) are taking a new interest in paper books. 2) are only interested in digital publishing. 3) want a hassle-free way to buy books. Why is Randall’s company meeting with gaming professionals? 1) His company will stop publishing books. 2) His company wants to keep up with competitors. 3) His company needs help with digitising their books. Randall says books for learning that incorporate games ... 1) are a completely new idea. 2) are less educational. 3) will be more attractive to kids. According to Randall, what pushes publishers to innovate? 1) Competitors. 2) Consumers. 3) Authors. The publisher held a writing seminar ... 1) to attract interest from book buyers. 2) to bring new writers and agents together. 3) to help existing writers develop their skills. What is causing problems for the publishing world? 1) Companies resist making any sort of changes. 2) Some people just aren’t interested in books. 3) No one seems to have time for books any more. The new website Randall mentions ... 1) will sell books exclusively from his company. 2) aims to generate interest in small bookshops. 3) allows authors to sell books directly to consumers. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: | | Ответ: 1 По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК | ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, j j начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1и2 цифры j записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру • j пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. (
Раздел 2. Чтение I Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите J свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании j один заголовок лишний. 1. Managing your diet 2. Profitable for business 3. Change of taste 4. Managing your finances 5. Out of business 6. Good housekeeping 7. Staying organised 8. Change of climate A. If you’re looking for investment opportunities, there are various money magazines that can help you put your money in the right place. Everyone wants to make the most of their hard-earned cash and no one can afford to lose it all on a bad trading venture. If you read up on the financial industry and seize on the good trends, you’ll be laughing all the way to the bank. B. Staying in a hotel isn’t always luxurious, but it should at least be clean. No one likes using a basin or shower that’s got a bit of dirt in it, and bed sheets should be fresh and well-made. Even if the room starts off clean, it can soon become messy if the maid service doesn’t come every day. Every hotel should been kept neat and in good order. C. If you’ve ever had to move to the other side of the world, you’ll know it can take a long while to adjust, especially to simple things like the weather. If you’re used to experiencing four distinct seasons in the year, then you move to the tropics, you might find yourself missing the snow. Naturally, if you hated snow in the first place, the warm weather would be a welcome experience. D. Some people have to watch what they eat because their system simply won’t allow them to tolerate some things. For example, there are people who are allergic to dairy products, so they must avoid milk and anything made from it. Other people are prone to high cholesterol, so they have to avoid meat a bit more often than others. Anyone who suffers from a wheat allergy has to avoid certain breads. E. Hotels have to modernise just like everything else. Why go on holiday and stay in a place that makes you feel as though you’ve stepped back into the 1970s? It may be clean and professionally staffed, but its not nice to look at orange curtains or flowery carpets. If a hotel spends a little money and updates its image, people will be more likely to stay there and come back. E There are many difficult things about moving, especially when it comes to unpacking. Its helpful if you’ve got every box labelled, but still, if you’ve just moved in and you’re in a hurry for something, it can be quite frustrating trying to find it. You have to stop and think, "Where did I put it?’ It’s probably best to get everything unpacked straight away and put it in the right place. G. If a company is not doing well, perhaps it’s wise to hire an advisor. This person can tell the directors how much they should be spending on one or more expenses, and how they can better organise their company. After all, a company cant continue to succeed if it’s not able to hold onto the money that comes into it. Ответ:
1 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений. обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. £ Konstantin Melnikov Early 20th century art movements made a sharp break from the artistic styles of the previous century One such movement gave us the term avant-garde’, A. During this period in Russian culture, the architect Konstantin Melnikov established himself within the avant-garde movement. Born in Moscow in 1890, he started out as an icon painter. A chance meeting with famous engineer Vladimir M. Chaplin, who asked Melnikov to work for him, gave him his golden opportunity in life. Chaplin was so impressed with Melnikov s abilities В. After twelve years of study, Melnikov began designing buildings in the neoclassical style before moving on to more contemporary work. He was selected to design the Soviet pavilion at the 1925 Paris Exposition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Art. His pavilion was widely considered one of the most progressive buildings at the exposition. Constructed using the most efficient methods, C. In the late 1920s Melnikov designed a series of garages. A feature of the design allowed for slanted parking, in which a vehicle would pull in diagonally D. The floors of the garage were shaped like a parallelogram and the exterior was given an avant-garde appearance. Melnikov later designed a number of buildings used by workers’ unions. He included the use of overhangs, E. This gave a building a very dramatic appearance that seemingly defied gravity. Melnikov’s private residence has become one of his masterpieces. The property consists of two wide cylindrical towers which have been stuck together. The biggest room features 38 hexagonal-shaped windows, F. 1. which are structures that extend from higher floors out beyond the lower ones 2. and his style often did not conform to any precise rules of architecture 3. giving the house an unusual exterior appearance while allowing light to flood the interior 4. and then be able to leave the space by simply pulling out 5. which today is used to describe anything experimental and progressive 6. it was built in only four weeks by just ten workers 7. that he funded his education at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture Ответ: A В C D E F
s Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту I ответа. I I i I I g Dream job It wasn’t my first interview by any means, but I had never wanted a job as much as I wanted this one. For years I had been floating from one job to the next, not sure of what I wanted to do in life but needing some way to afford living on my own, I had filled many temporary positions and a few permanent ones, or at least ones that the employers considered to be permanent, even though I didn’t think of them in that way I had met many interesting people and made a few friends, but I’d never felt that I’d found a post that suited me. Interestingly enough, many of the friends I’d made along the journey felt the same way I had worked in a restaurant serving food, in an insurance office reviewing peoples claims, at a PR firm thinking of ways to impress important people, and even on a construction site building homes. An odd set of skills you might think, and none of them really appropriate for the job I was going for now - forest conservation. This was an area I’d been passionate about as a teenager, but didn’t think I could ever make a living from. Now I’d decided to give it a chance. Some of the skills I’d picked up along the way had even been in direct conflict with it, such as the pounding of nails into wood. Those poor trees! Now I’d be in charge of saving them. Well, I hoped I would be anyway. I’d done a lot of preparation for this one interview, this one shot at fulfilling my destiny I tried not to be too dramatic - naturally there were other interviews to be had, or so I had to think, to take some of the pressure off. I had searched for this job for over a year, even considering moving across the country, onlv to decide to wait until something came up round here. It wasn’t easy to get your foot in the door in this line of work. And not just anyone could do it, hence my two years of graduate work. There was no telling how many other people were vying for this position. The number of CVs that office received must have been in the hundreds. It’s tough finding a job these days, let alone the job you want. But we mustn’t let things like that stop us from getting what we want out of life. I’ve resigned myself to believing that if there’s something you really want, you have to really focus on getting it, and that means blocking out discouraging thoughts. I had to believe that the job was mine, despite the pain I might have to endure if I didn’t get it. I imagined the interviewers to be a great bunch of guys. Here they were, doing what they loved to do. Certainly there was gratification to be found in any job, even in the jobs I mentioned before. But dignitv and self-respect depend on your own view of life, and how you see yourself as a benefit to the world. And of course, what you feel would satisfy you the most personally. So I would do my best to convey these feelings during the hour or so I had with the directors, and cross my fingers for a call back. I suppose everyone passing through their doors would be doing the same thing, but if I could express my deepest passion for preserving forests, which I’ve realised was my destiny all along, surely I would be doing myself the biggest favour.
What did the author say he’d had trouble with in previous posts? 1) Making close friends. 3) Finding job satisfaction. 2) Getting a decent salary. 4) Satisfying his bosses. The author says his job in construction... 1) helped prepare him for future work. 2) had nothing in common with his future work plans. 3) shared at least one characteristic with his future job. 4) might have been the job he always wanted. Ответ: Ответ: The expression ‘get your foot in the door’ in the third paragraph refers to ... 1) getting educated. 2) obtaining your first job. 3) making a decision. 4) searching for something. What does ‘that’ in ‘we mustn’t let things like that stop us’ in the fourth paragraph refer to? 1) Unemployment. 2) The author s CV. 3) The author’s beliefs. 4) The pressures the author faced. Ответ: 16 What did the author plan to ignore? 1) What the job might be like. 2) Anything that might make him feel bad. 3) What might happen during the interview. 4) What the interviewers might be like. Ответ: 18 For the author, self-respect... 1) can come from any job. 2) can only come from a job in forestry. 3) comes from believing you’re making the world a better place. 4) only comes to certain people. What does the author think about the other interviewees? 1) They can’t want the job as much as he does. 2) They will be using the same techniques as him to get the job. 3) They will be relying on luck alone. 4) They won’t spend as much time with the interviewers as he will. Ответ: Ответ: j I it I j j I i а По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. 1 I I л € I 1 I 83 1
19~| 2СП 21 22 23 24 25 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика I Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, | | напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, | | так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. ' j Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует i | отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. | Listening to the radio Many of us get our news and entertainment from television and the Internet. You might be surprised to learn, then, that people who listen to the radio are much happier than people who use the other media outlets. It makes perfect sense when you think about it. Television and the Internet offer entertainment, but negative activity in the mix as well. We sometimes see saddening news reports, and we do tedious things online, such as check account balances. With radio, people listen to it because they want to feel good. It seems that in recent years we about the joy radio gives us because we focus on television and the Internet so much. Under pressure Leslie was under a lot of pressure at work. Her boss wasn’t certain that she would get everything done, but she reassured him by saying, ‘I promise you, the project on Friday.’ THAT INCLUDE FORGET COMPLETE The truth was it would take a miracle to finish the work by then. She thought about asking her boss for more time, but as she it on Friday she felt it was too late to ask now. PROMISE On Thursday, when Leslie was stressed the most, she her ankle while she was climbing some stairs, and she had to go to hospital immediately. She thought it might be the ‘break’ she needed. But while she was happy to get out of work, she forward to wearing a cast on her leg for two months. BREAK NOT LOOK
j Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных I s заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные 5 слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали { : содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск | j соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. ? A friendlier London A group of people in London are trying to get their fellow citizens to open up and chat with one another more often. They've embarked on a campaign called ‘Talk to me London, because the cits’ has been 26 accused of being. FRIEND 28 The idea is to change the perception of London. The founders of the believe talking is something we all love to do, but many people are afraid to talk to people they don’t know. MOVE The group behind ‘Talk to me London is a collection of people from backgrounds, such as business, design, media and other fields. Their work on the project is voluntary. VARY The project has attracted some attention in the press. Some people find it to be a pleasant idea, but others have dismissed the idea 29 | . They say they moved to London so that they wouldn’t have to talk to people! ENTIRE Of course, one of the benefits of living in a big city is that you can remain anonymous. However, by rarely talking to anyone, you risk suffering 30 | from. LONELY Perhaps some people will appreciate the campaign and give ____ life to it. After all, it shouldn’t be such a challenging task to talk 31 I to. STRANGE
z; Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты j ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1,2, 3 или 4, соответствующую I выбранному Вами варианту ответа Ш I * I l I Bradley Jones, Artist Wannabe Bradley had always wanted to be an artist. It was something he’d fantasised never really explored. He decided, though, that he could still try. He wanted to enrol in a painting class at a local college, but he ran into a problem. ‘You have to take our design and drawing courses first,’ the administrator told him. Luckily, it wasn’t too late to take those courses, but it meant that Bradley would have to [^33^ aside twice as much time per week as he’d intended. Nevertheless, he was excited to learn the skills. His design course proved to be challenging, but manageable. The drawing course, however, 34 , but had off easily but soon became frustrating. In the fourth week, the participants had to draw one another. Bradley drew a portrait of his classmate, Nicole. He trying to draw the nose, eyes and cheeks correctly, but the portrait ended up looking more like that of an orang-utan. ‘I’m sorry, you look much nicer than that!’ he said. ‘It’s OK,’ Nicole replied, showing Bradley her drawing. He was relieved to see that her portrait of him looked like the orang-utan’s brother. ‘Looks as if getting facial we thought,’ she joked. 37 | he had some accomplishments proudly ”~38^| the recycling bin. intensely at her face, correct is trickier than his artwork. By the end of the courses, in his home, and others that were tossed into 32 38 1) above Ответ: 1) make Ответ: 1) opened Ответ: | 1) observed Ответ: | 1) features Ответ: Ответ: 1) stated I I I i I i. d i 2) about 2) take 2) entered 2) stared 2) elements 2) on 2) displayed 3) across 3) place 3) began 3) glanced 3) marks 3) with 3) positioned 4) around 4) put 4) started 4) browsed 4) traits 4) to 4) located По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других доуюлшутелъных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. i F
Раздел 4. Письмо j Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые j ‘ пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать j J отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите I | на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным | j в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться J } экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения j | указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть | j текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала j J номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка I недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. | 39 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Vivien, who writes: ... my old laptop has -finally reached the end of its days! I'm going to buy a new one this weekend, and I wanted to ask your opinion about them. What's the most important thing you think about when you buy a new computer? What's the most common thing you do on a computer? What do you dislike about computers, if anything? 23y the way, I came first in my tennis tournament last week ... Write a letter to Vivian. In your letter • answer her questions • ask 3 questions about her tennis tournament. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. 40 Comment on the following statement. The production and sale of genetically-modified food should be banned. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1 -2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 6 Раздел 5. Говорение aS 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Solar panels are a commonly used form of technology which harness power from the sun. They work by converting sunlight into electricity. However, most solar panels only convert about 20% of the incoming energy. This is because they can only capture certain wavelengths of light. Advances are being made in the field of solar panel technology. Recently a solar cell was manufactured that can convert almost 45% of the rays’ energy. The panel consists of different layers of material, and each layer can absorb a certain wavelength of light. The panels also have lenses, which magnify the power of the sunlight. As the sunlight passes through the layers, it strikes conductors, which create electrical fields. These electrical fields produce a current of electricity. Task 2 Study the advertisement. FlatsTfor rent Your search ends You are considering renting this flat and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) monthly rent 2) number of bedrooms 3) if there have been recent renovations 4) distance to nearest public transport 5) move-in date You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
"est 6 Task3 Imagine that some years ago you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences^. In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the weather phenomena presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 7 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: first task A Look at the first task on page 92. Match each statement 1-7 with a sentence. Statement 1 Statement 2 Statements Statement 4 Statements Statement 6 Statement 7 a ‘It should be affordable.’ b ‘It’s got to look good.’ c ‘It mustn’t break if you drop it.’ d ‘I have no idea about all the things it can do.’ e ‘I want it to do a wide variety of things’ f ‘I don’t see why 1 should pay to get it fixed.’ g ‘I found out online how all the functions worked.’ В Match each word or phrase with a word or phrase that means something similar. 1 sophisticated 2 replacements 3 clumsy 4 doze off 5 keen on 6 figure out 7 schedule 8 minimum 9 picky _______ 10 get ripped off 11 multitude 12 sleek _______ a fall asleep b enthusiastic about c very many d careless in movement or manner '"'x e think about 90 ) f extra parts gplan h smooth and stylish i complicated j smallest number к choosey 1 be charged too much Section 2] Reading: second task C Read the title of the text and options 1-7 after the text on page 95 and answer the questions. Option 1 1 Who do you think they refers to? A The banks В Individuals 2 What type of word would you expect to come before keeping? A A preposition В An adjective Option 2 3 Who do you think policy makers are? A Politicians and business leaders В Individual savers Option 3 4 What does and added yet another layer of uncertainty imply? A You will read about causes of uncertainty before this phrase. В You will read about causes of uncertainty after this phrase. Option 4 5 Considering the title, what is the most likely cause of these losses? A Individuals’ bad decisions В Things beyond individuals’ control Option 5 6 What word is most likely to come before which? A Houses В Money Option 6 7 What do you expect the next sentence to do? A Give an example of the effect В Give a reason for the effect
Option 7 8 What do you expect to read immediately after carry out7. A A new sentence В A continuation of the sentence [Section 31 Grammar and vocabulary: third task D Quickly read the text on page 100, ignoring the gaps. Write a word or short phrase (no more than five words) to answer each question. 1 What caused the tree to fall down? ____________________ 2 Who got in touch with officials? ___________________ 3 What did the officials decide to do to the tree? ________________________ 4 What would the tree need? ____________________ 5 What position was the tree not to be put in? __________________________ 6 What did Diana hope would happen to the tree? ________________________ E For the questions below, decide if the answers are true (T) or false (F). 1 32 The correct answer is part of a phrase which means started. T/F 2 34 One of these words is more commonly used about nature. T/F 3 35 None of these words needs a preposition. T/F 4 37 The correct answer must have a negative meaning. T/F 5 38 All the words can take the preposition by in this sentence. T/F Section 4 Writing: first task F Read the first task on page 101 and answer the questions. 1 Should you answer all Ben’s questions? 2 Should you start your letter by answering his questions? 3 Can you write about a person who you’ve never met? 4 Do you have to give reasons why you admire this person? 5 Think of the person you admire the most and write five adjectives to describe the personal qualities they have. G Put the words in order to make questions about the bookshop. 1 far / it / is / your house / how / from 2 books / it / sell / does / what / of / sort 3 you / when / plan / visit / do / to / it Section 5 Speaking: fourth task H Talk about the last live event you went to. 1 What was it? (e.g. concert, play, arts festival, sporting event?) 2 What was good about it? 3 Was there anything not so good? 4 What do you have to remind you of the event? (eg video taken on your phone, ticket, T-shirt, programme) I Circle the correct option. 1 These photos are showing / show ... 2 In the photo at / on the right... 3 What they have in common I The in common thing they have is that... 4 Both the performances are taking place I part in theatres. 5 However, there are many differents I differences. 6 Personally, I’d prefer to being I be at the performance in the picture here because ...
Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. [ 1. Devices with a large variety of functions may confuse some users. 2. We should learn how to use a device before attempting to use it. 3. If a new device stops working, the repair should be free. 4. If a device is too expensive, most people will just do without. 5. Most people prefer devices that can serve many different purposes. 6. A device should be strong enough to survive a fall. 7. The appearance of a device is an important feature for some. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение j Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G ; соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют { (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать j ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер I выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А F Julie hasn’t played water polo for an organised team. It was Toms idea to start a water polo team. Julie plays volleyball for her school team. Tom isn’t looking forward to some aspects of water polo. Tom is going to give up swimming on his own. Some of the people on the list are experienced players. The team’s schedule hasn’t been decided yet. Утверждение A В с D E F G Соответствие диалогу
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, | соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись | дважды. I 8 Kylie’s company is offering a train trip ... 1) with a single railway company. 2) that includes several railway companies. 3) that is exclusively train travel. What is the purpose of the boat trips? 1) To explore a local area. 2) To take passengers to the next part of their trip. 3) To ride the river in the Grand Canyon. First-class travel will be included ... 1) for a small part of the journey. 2) for most segments of the journey. 3) for every part of the journey. What does Kylie compare the price of the trip to? 1) Someone’s life savings. 2) A type of investment. 3) The price of a medical procedure. Kylie justifies the cost of the trip ... 1) by talking about the price as if it weren’t a lot of money. 2) by saying it’s cheaper than a luxury hotel. 3) by describing everything included in the trip. Why does Kylie think mostly retired people are interested? 1) They have nothing else to spend their money on. 2) They can easily devote two months to a trip. 3) They tend to be adventurous travellers. The alternative trip Kylie describes ... 1) has a substantial price difference. 2) follows basically the same route. 3) is offered by a competitor. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: j s js По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. I Ф 'y- I
Раздел 2. Чтение 10 Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. I I I а < i I 1. Young helpers 5. A warm welcome 2. Importance of discipline 6. Daddy day care 3. Home education 7. Sibling rivalry 4. Awkward moments 8. Methods of persuasion A. Family reunions can be a joyous occasion and an opportunity to meet new family members as well. Our parents have aunts, uncles and cousins that we may only meet once or twice in life. Often, though, meeting an extended family member can be like meeting a complete stranger. You’re not even sure you will like them, and the whole affair can feel a bit odd or uncomfortable. B. Traditionally, the mother is the primary caregiver to an infant child. She takes time off work and stays at home to provide round-the-clock attention during the child’s early years. But recently, more and more men are taking paternity leave from work to stay at home with their new-borns. Mothers find it a welcome trend, as caring for an infant can be exhausting work. C. While it’s true that kids must carry out their responsibilities just as adults do, sometimes Mum and Dad have to be a bit crafty to make it happen. They have to offer a little reward for a job well done. It may not be good practice to do it all the time, but if they promise a trip to the cinema, for example, the kids will be more likely to clean their rooms. D. Many families live far away from one another these days. They may have moved across the country, or even to the other side of the world. It’s especially hard for parents to see their children do this, either for work or for adventure. So when special occasions come round, especially the holidays seasons, Mum and Dad are so grateful when their sons and daughters return home. E. Sometimes a household is nothing but chaos for days on end. This is especially true when kids reach their adolescent phase, and you have a couple of teenagers who compete over every little thing in life. No matter how often parents attempt to stop two kids from fighting each other, nothing seems to work. They just have to wait until one of them moves away to university! E In most families, parents have to constantly remind their children of their responsibilities. But there are times when kids can be especially7 useful round the house of their own will. They also understand those times when Mum or Dad isn’t feeling well, and may7be it would be nice if they^ made dinner for a change or did a little extra tidying up in the living room. G. Relationships in the family are complex. Parents are the carers of their children, but they are their friends, too, and in both senses they would never do anything to hurt them. But parents must never forget their role as figures of authority. They have to explain what’s right and wrong and make sure their kids do it. They’ve also got to provide the punishment when their kids behave badly. Ответ: A В C D E F G
11 J Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, | обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя. Занесите I цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. .» I s ' I S’, I ;f Global financial crises A global financial crisis affects people all over the world, but to very different degrees. Some people are lucky enough only to hear about it, while others are plunged into economic uncertainty, A. A crisis occasionally arises from sudden bad decisions, but the cause is usually a collection of bad policies operated over an extended period. The financial crisis of 2008 was a result of a loosening of rules among banks. Changes in those regulations began during the 1980s, В financial transactions with little supervision. The system of regulation became one of trust; it was up to the banks to behave wisely, and the governments would stay out of it. The regulation of banks was, in a sense, left up to the free market, C. It allowed for transactions to flow more freely, which did in fact help economies grow during the 1980s and 1990s. When the financial markets first ran into trouble, large banking institutions failed altogether, D. A small number of the worlds most wealthy people suffered greatly. But overall, the middle class and the poor suffered the worst of the crisis. The 2010 Eurozone crisis is thought to be connected to the 2008 one. Governments that had borrowed enormous amounts to pay for problems caused two years earlier suddenly found themselves unable to support the debt. The Eurozone crisis was as severe as the one in 2008 E. More people would suffer as a result. There is little that can be done to immediately fix a global financial crisis. Individuals can prepare for such an event by F. Naturally, everyone must fight to make sure governments put sensible banking policies in place before problems occur. 1. keeping money in savings and making sure they stay out of debt 2. and many policymakers felt this would be sufficient 3. and added yet another layer of uncertainty to world financial markets 4. resulting in the loss of their job, home or livelihood 5. which many people had saved for a number of years 6. which caused a domino effect that spread around the world 7. a decade when governments decided to let banks carry out Ответ: в c D E F
j Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите S в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту | . ответа. | Ellen Ellen had suddenly become determined to change the appearance of her home. It had been two years since she’d graduated from university, and she was still living like a student. She had too much plastic furniture in the living room, books and magazines were scattered all over the place, the laundry area looked like an exploded wardrobe on a daily basis and a light layer of dust covered most surfaces. Tidying up was not really her cup of tea, and until now, she had become complacent with her dated belongings. It wasn’t that she was an unclean person, quite the contrary Her personal appearance was immaculate; she had her hair and nails done on a regular basis. Her sense of style and clothing were a bit trendy, perhaps a bit Bohemian, and she always looked as professional enough for her job managing a bookshop as was required. This she gave her full attention to. She simply didn’t invest enough time in her home. It was sporadically decorated: a couple of film posters were taped up, absent of frames and curling up at the bottom edges, an old dartboard hung in the corner, a message board with bills pinned on it adorned the kitchen. Needless to say, her flat wouldn’t be featured in an interior design magazine any time soon, nor would she be winning any prizes in a home decorating contest. She decided to take control of the situation, so she made a plan to tackle her unruly and unstylish flat, and set aside some time to get things in order. She arranged with her co-manager to have a work-free weekend in which she was going to clean every nook and cranny and throw out anything that screamed student’. The only exceptions were the university textbooks she had haphazardly thrown in a bookcase. She was a bookshop manager, after all. She would hold onto almost any book she happened to possess, save for some of the tattered paperback sci-fi novels that littered the floor. Knowing she might run out of steam on the project if she were left to her own devices, she enlisted the help of her friend Amy, who would ensure she stayed the course and completed her home transformation. Amy a dear friend since Ellens secondary school days, was part of the reason for Ellens decision to do this home makeover. Amy often made light-hearted jokes about the state of affairs in Ellens house, especially when Ellen would complain about how long it would take her to find her keys in the morning. Full of ambition on Friday evening, Ellen bought an array of new cleaning supplies and some implements such as dusters, a new broom and even a mop. Content with just sweeping before, Ellen had now decided the floors needed a good wash. The same would go for the windows. No longer would the spotty glass have to be covered up by curtains. But while Ellen had a practical step-by-step approach to her plan, Amy turned up at her house on Saturday morning with half a dozen design magazines, wanting to flick through them and admire how things should be, rather than how they were. It didn’t take much for Ellen to be persuaded to peruse them with her friend. A couple of hours passed by before they left the well-worn sofa. The afternoon rolled round at Ellens place, and she had still not got down to brass tacks. She had done precisely 0% of the cleaning, although there was plenty of talk about it, if only that were enough to make it happen.
13 14 The belongings in Ellen’s home... 1) had a great deal of value in them. 2) had been bothering her for some time. 3) were contained in one part of the house. 4) were leftovers from her student days. Ответ: ‘This’ in ‘This she gave her full attention to’ in the second paragraph refers to Ellen’s ... 1) job. 2) home. 3) looks. 4) studies. The author describes the decorating in Ellen’s home as ... 1) very random. 2) a winning style. 3) practical and functional. 4) casual and trendy. Ответ: What is true about Ellen’s books? 1) They were in good condition. 2) They were of various genres. 3) They were all in a bookcase. 4) They all related to her studies. 16 Her friend Amy’s role was intended to be to ... 1) tell her what to do. 2) provide moral support. 3) help with cleaning. 4) add humour to the situation. What was Amy’s approach to the home makeover? 1) Focus on style first, then think about cleaning. 2) Encourage Ellen to make a start. 3) Help Ellen enjoy the cleaning process. 4) Make an easily attainable plan of action. The phrase ‘got down to brass tacks’ in the last paragraph means to ... 1) clean things and make them shiny. 2) pick up the small stuff first. 3) get serious about something. 4) do the most difficult things first. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: j По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы ! I в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего j j задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 | । цифры записываются без пробелов^ запятых и других допотштельных символов. | j Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными I j в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует ? отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Lift note Melanie was paying a visit to her friend Henry to see his new flat. 19 I After at his building, she called the lift down ARRIVE from its previous destination, Floor 1, and stepped inside. , She noticed a sign by the panel of buttons. She ignored it for a moment ™ I and simply pressed the button for the floor, FIVE the floor that Henry lived on. 21 She read the note as the lift ascended. Apparently, some people in the building thought some of the other residents were a bit lazy, because the note said, ‘Dear Floor 1, are the stairs broken? Love, Floors 2-7.’ Melanie laughed and wondered who the note! WRITE Pigeon fanciers A popular pastime in Scotland is ‘pigeon fancying’, or keeping pigeons t_____t for racing or as pets. Fanciers often keep several birds at once in a special I 22 [ hut that they for them. BUILD The Scottish word for a male pigeon is a ‘doo’ and one type of pigeon fancier in Scotland is called a ‘dooman. Doomen specialise in using their doos to attract other people’s pigeons, which they then capture and claim for. THEY I 24 I The fascination that doomen and other pigeon fanciers have with the birds is that a pigeon will form a bond with its owner. In other words, if you released one of them into the sky, it to you later on. RETURN Pigeons and their owners form bonds through language. __ In fact, if a pigeon owner can’t use bird sounds properly, the pigeon 25~] away and find a new owner. FLY
j Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных j ; заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные | 5 слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали | i содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск J ’ соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. I Buranovskiye Babushki If you’ve been watching the Eurovision Song Contest in the last _____ few years, you might remember this singing group. They stood out 26 । from the rest because they were not the entrant in the contest. TYPE Most entrants are usually quite young and very trendy. They’re dressed 27 [ in clothing - or at least they try to be, and they FASHION perform wild dance routines on occasion. Buranovskiye Babushki breaks from that mould. They’re a group of eight elderly Russian women, or grannies’, which is ‘babushki’ in Russian. Most of them are in their sixties and seventies, and their 28 | at the 2012 Eurovision Song Contest got the second highest number of votes. PERFORM 29 Their music is sung in the Udmurt language, an official language in the region of Udmurtia, where the grannies are from. The Udmurt alphabet is the same as the Russian alphabet. LARGE Buranovskiye Babushki’s song entry was called ‘Party for Everybody’ and most of the song was in Udmurt, with a few English lyrics. ___ The group wrote the Udmurtian lyrics themselves, and the English parts 30 | were written by an songwriter. AMERICA The grannies have hopes of rebuilding a church in their native Udmurtia. 31 j They have pledged to put all of their from their singing into a fund for the church. EARN
t I Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. The lone tree When an old tree just outside Dianas village fell down after a particularly bad storm, it was as ir the whole community fell with it. The tree was beloved by the local people, so they set Гз2; on a mission to save it. Although heavily damaged by the storms gale force wind and forced down onto the ground, the 20< * year-old tree was not dead. After weeks of community members climbing the hill to [зз] their respects, they noticed that it was still growing. Green needles remained on its branches. The villager believed it could be saved. Diana and her family contacted officials who were knowledgeable about the [ 34 [ of tree^ and the environment. They visited the village to see what could be done. After carefully [ 35 |ffic roots, they decided that with enough soil placed around the roots, the tree might just survive and grow agam ‘Even though the small roots have snapped off, there’s one large root that’s still connected,’ the expcr told Diana. ‘We mustn’t be careless | 36 I how we handle the existing root system. The tree ? going to need lots of care and attention.’ The expert discussed the situation with the local people and explained that under 37 [ circumstances should anyone try to place the tree back in an upright position. Naturally, everyone । 38 | by those rules. Diana hoped the tree - which her grandparents had known as children - would one day grow again, if not with the same grandeur as it once had. 1) aside Ответ: 1) assistance 1) studying 1) from 38 1) stuck Ответ: | 2) up 2) donate 2) security 2) looking 2) towards 2) no 2) followed 3) out 3) award 3) preservation 3) watching 3) about 3) zero 3) adhered 4) in 4) grant 4) safety 4) reading 4) into 4) nil 4) abided По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ Ns 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов^ запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 4. Письмо I Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые | пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать | отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите | на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным | в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться 5 экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения j указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть J текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала | номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка ! недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. A.w- 39 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Ben, who writes: Гт writing an essay in my English class about a person in my life who I admire. I was wondering about your thoughts on the subject. Who in your life do you most admire and why? What personal gualities does this person have? What valuable lesson have you learnt from this person? In other news, a bookshop has just opened in my neighbourhood ... Write a letter to Ben. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about her tennis tournament. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. 40 Comment on the following statement. Filmgoers should rely on reviews when choosing a film to see. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1 -2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. In medical schools, doctors use plastic models to teach students the specific names and functions of body parts. But one professor in the USA is using hands sculpted by a 19th century French sculptor. The artist was very passionate about the human form. He created highly detailed hands from bronze. In addition to that, he was curious about medical conditions that affected hands. Because of this, he actually sculpted sets of hands that had been deformed by these conditions. Doctors can show these hands to students and test students’ abilities to recognise the problems. A computer program allows students to see where bones and blood vessels would be situated in the hands. The method is very useful for teaching diseases of the hand. It also doubles as a rich experience in fine art. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You are considering going on a ride and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) location 2) duration of flight 3) number of people on each ride 4) minimum age limit 5) hours of operation You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
ask 3 Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... ask 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the performances presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 8 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: second task A Imagine that a friend of yours has hurt his back. In pairs or as a group, make a list of possible reasons why someone could have a back problem and what might help it get better. reasons sitting in front of a computer for too long help going to hospital for tests C Find these words and phrases in the text and match them with the words and phrases which have a similar meaning. They are in the order in which you will find them in the text. 1 understudy 2 pull through 3 gut-wrenching 4 many moons 5 seize the day 6 on the sidelines 7 kindred spirit 8 ready to shine a emotionally difficult b not the centre of attention c prepared to do well d actor who can take over a role e person who feels the same f get better after an illness g a long time Section 2 Reading: third task В Quickly read the text on page 110 and put the events in the order in which they happened (1-5). 1________ 2________ 3________ 4________ 5________ a Annette (the star) became ill. b The cast supported Julie. c Julie wanted to be a stage star. d Annette suggested that Julie could be her understudy. e Julie (the understudy) felt uncomfortable about taking over a lead role. h take opportunities Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: first task D Read the task 19-25 on page 112 and answer the questions. 1 19 After the preposition of, do we need an infinitive or an -ing form? 2 20 After the, do we need a comparative or superlative? 3 21 Do we need an active or passive form here? 4 22 Do we need a continuous or simple tense here? 5 23 Do we need a continuous or simple tense here? 6 24 Do we need a personal or possessive pronoun here? 7 25 Which modal verb fits here before spend? 104
Section 4| Writing: second task E Read the statement for the second task on page 115. Tick the statements below that you agree with. 1 Graffiti should only be allowed when the authorities agree. 2 Everybody has the right to express themselves on walls. 3 Graffiti is good because it gets art out of galleries. 4 Graffiti brightens up cities. 5 Most graffiti is ugly and should be removed. 6 The police should arrest anyone writing or painting on walls. F Compare your answers with a partner and give reasons for your answers. Then talk about the most interesting piece of graffiti you have seen. 1 Where was it? 3 When the car was built 4 How fast the car goes 5 Why you took the photo 6 How a car compares to a motorbike 7 What you imagine it’s like to drive 8 Who it belongs to 9 What’s happening 10 How much it cost 11 Why you want to show this photo to your friend__________ 12 What the car looks like H Complete each sentence with a word from the box. because imagine likely maybe must probably really so 2 What was it? 3 Who did it? 4 Why do you think they did it? 5 Why do you like it? Section 51 Speaking: third task G Imagine that you took a photo of a vintage car which you saw parked in a street and you are going to present the photo to a friend. Tick (/) the best seven things to talk about. 1 What the photo shows 2 When you took the photo 11 it’s more difficult to drive than modern cars. 2 I thought you might find it interesting _____________________you like old cars. 3 It was in good condition. 4 It’s worth a lot of money. 5 it’s difficult to get spare parts for such cars. 6 You’re not to see many of these around. 7 It doesn’t have airbags it’s not as safe as cars these days. 8 It feel great to have such a distinctive-looking car.
Раздел 1. Аудирование I Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте j каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. 1 В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. j Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. It’s difficult but satisfying to create small models of large things. 2. Finding and keeping unusual and special items is an enjoyable pastime. 3. All you need are two simple, common items to practise this hobby. 4. Photographing beautiful moments in nature takes some time and care. 5. Making films at home is actually more difficult than it sounds. 6. With this hobby, you can make beautiful accessories from natural materials. 7. This hobby involves making something you can use in the bathroom. | Говорящий A В C —" 4 D E F | Утверждение 2 I Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G j соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют । (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать j ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. Darren got his back support band from the hospital. Darren went to hospital in an ambulance. Darren has never had a back problem from lifting things before. Sonia’s uncle takes medication for his back problem. Darren doesn’t intend to lift heavy7 objects again. Sonia suggests using a different part of the body7 to lift things. Darren thinks his excuse for hurting his back was reasonable. Утверждение -Al В с D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись zn ''I//* t How did Капа end up living in Japan? 1) Her parents urged her to move with them. 2) She followed her parents when they moved. 3) She and her parents moved there when she was a child. Kana’s first experience with a cat cafe ... 1) was in Taiwan. 2) was in Japan. 3) was in the late nineties. How did cat cafes become so popular? 1) Cats are very common pets in Japan. 2) Japanese people don’t like having pets at home. 3) People miss having cats as pets. All of Kana’s cats ... 1) were unwell at one point. 2) came from good homes. 3) were living on the streets. What do Japanese cat cafe owners have to do? 1) Acquire a licence. 2) Have a veterinary nurse working on site. 3) Employ professional cat groomers. Капа says when a new cat first meets the others, they... 1) often fight with one another. 2) always get on fine. 3) might have a problem initially. What happens when children enter Kana’s cafe? 1) She talks to the children about the cats first. 2) She lets the children get used to the cats on their own. 3) She keeps the children away from the cats. Ответ Ответ: Ответ: j По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК { { ОТВЕТОВ № I! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, j } начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1и2 цифры записываются без пробелов^ запятых и других допо/тителъных символов. Каждую цифру j > пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
¥ I Раздел 2. Чтение 10 Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите j свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. | 1. Online community 2. Travel safety 3. Friend turned enemy 4. Social network safety 5. Unhelpful friends 6. Nature’s enemy 7. Online trouble 8. Helping the community A. Have you ever had a friend who asks for favours all the time, but rarely gives them in return? They don’t think twice about asking you to do something for them, and whenever you bring up the problem, they brush it off as if it’s no big deal. Or they say that’s what friends are for, to help one another. It’s then that you realise they’re not much of a friend. B. Joining a neighbourhood clean-up effort is an inspiring thing to do. It’s a direct way of making a difference in your world, and it helps improve your living standards. It’s also a great opportunity for getting to know the people who live near you, which might be useful when you’re in need, and vice versa. If your neighbourhood doesn’t do this sort of thing, now’s the time to start. C. If you’ve ever had your identity stolen, you’re not alone. It happens to millions of people every year, and thieves gain millions of pounds from the activity. It often happens because a hacker has broken into our accounts by way of a computer virus we accidentally downloaded. If it happens to you, make sure you let your banks know to get your bank cards cancelled, and tell the police. D. Belonging to a social network is a useful pastime. It gives us an opportunity to share our thoughts and news with a like-minded group of individuals all at once. We can even meet new people who either agree with our ideas or contribute to a constructive debate. It’s entertaining to read everyone’s posts, which are sometimes funny but can also be thought-provoking, or maybe even sad. It’s a useful experience nonetheless. E. Whenever you go abroad, you must keep an eye on your belongings. You don’t want to become a victim of pick-pocketing. A useful tip is to place your money in your front pocket, as it’s less likely to be stolen there. It’s also wise to have your passport put away safely, or kept inside your jacket. Keep things zipped up, and never leave a bag unattended. F. When we discard plastic items carelessly, an animal may find it and have an unfortunate incident. For example, the plastic rings that go round a six-pack of drinks cans can get stuck round a small animal’s neck. The animal might wear that piece of plastic for the rest of its life, or until someone comes along and removes it. We really should be mindful of where we throw things. G. It’s a terrible ieeling when you realise someone close to you is saying bad things about you behind your back. You feel humiliated and angry on learning the truth, that someone you trusted isn’t trustworthy at all. You confront them about it, and they deny ever saying anything. An argument may follow, but eventually you decide that this isn’t the kind of person you want to spend time with. Ответ:
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-Г частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите | • цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Indian food in the UK The British have had a close relationship with Indian food for centuries. The colonial ties between India and the UK began in the early 1600s, A. In the late 1700s it wasn’t uncommon to see coffee houses serving curries alongside traditional British meals. The first dedicated Indian restaurant opened its doors in London in 1809, although it struggled due to people’s preferences to eat at home during that period. Tire owner ended up closing its doors after about three decades of service В. When Queen Victoria staffed her kitchen with Indian cooks, popularity for the cuisine really took oft. Cookbooks taught British homemakers how C. There was then a cooling-off period for this spicy fare. A revolt in India against British rule in 1857 meant curry wouldn’t be so fashionable for a while. In the years after that, its popularity would ebb and flow, and by the late 1800s, D. In the early 20th century, many people from the Indian subcontinent were migrating to Britain, and they bought up some of the run-down restaurants and transformed them into curry houses. Aware of people’s eating habits, Bangladeshi restaurateurs stayed open until late into the evening E. Soon enough, Indian food was popular again. Today, there are hundreds of Indian restaurants across the UK. Some dishes have been modified to a certain extent, such as British versions which introduce beef into the recipe, F.Overall, the cuisine has become such a mainstay of the British diet that chicken tikka masala is referred to as a national dish. 1. French rather than Indian cooking was popular in British kitchens 2. an ingredient rarely used in India because many sub-cultures don’t allow it 3. due to some versions of Indian cuisine becoming popular for breakfast 4. due to the struggle of paying his bills while suffering from a lack of business 5» and the British soldiers in India craved the food when they returned home 6. to catch people when they were returning home from a night out 7. to make the most flavourful Indian dishes in their own homes Ответ:
j Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ’ ответа. The understudv When the lead actor for whom I was an understudy fell terribly ill with pneumonia the night before the opening of our play, I should have felt awful for her. I did, in a way. Not so much because she was ill - I was sure she’d pull through - but because it must have been gut-wrenching to have rehearsed for so many moons, as we all had, only to be struck with such disappointment. I know how this already appears to you: I was happy that she had fallen ill. After all, this was my golden opportunity to shine as the star of the production, and the way to fulfil my dreams of becoming an acting legend. I was going to seize the day and steal her thunder, never mind that we were friends and that I owed so much to her, what with her helping me get the role of her understudy in the first place. (It was very generous of her to put my name forward; she knew that I might one day take her place. Her attitude was always If someone can do it as well as me, let them do it.’ I admired her for that.) Naturally, I had always hoped for a big break in theatre, to get to actually perform at the centre of the production, rather than just remain on the sidelines. Most people don’t quite realise the kind of effort an understudy puts into a production. I’m not only learning the roles of the master, I’ve also got my own minor part to excel at. I must learn more lines than anyone else, well, except for the understudy for the male lead, who was my kindred spirit, the one I could console and be consoled by. But if I felt any happiness about Annette’s misfortune, it was unbeknown to me. In truth, when I heard the news about her ill health, less than a day before the opening night, nothing could have kept my heart from sinking into my stomach. Naturally, I had poured every effort into perfecting the role in case such a thing might ever happen, but I had somehow felt a bit of comfort in knowing that I wouldn’t be the star just yet. I felt I still needed some time to develop my craft, and what better way to do that than to practise in my minor role. That comfort all disappeared in an instant. I felt a bit weak at the knees, actually, and I had to struggle to put on a brave face when the director told me it was I who would be playing Lady Macbeth. I basically had less than twenty-four hours to prepare myself to be the star of the show. It wasn’t as if I hadn’t thought about it before, but possibility versus reality is a different story altogether. I was really and truly going to be in the lead. And furthermore, how many people were coming to see the performance because they adored Annette? What would be going through their minds when the director announced that Julie Hardy would be playing her role? Would I have to endure a round of faint sighs? I would be grateful not to see their faces, and I’d probably have my ears covered when the announcement was made. Luckily, I was surrounded by a supportive cast, who cheered me on. They must have assumed I’d be nervous, despite my attempts to hide it. Of course, if I couldn’t pretend that I was in control and ready to shine, how good an actor would I really be?
12 In what way did the author sympathise with the lead actor? 1) She was mainly concerned about her illness. 2) She worried that the actor may never perform again. 3) She felt it must be hard to accept the situation. 4) She felt the actor had been put under too much pressure. 13 14 15 16 17 18J Ответ: The expression ‘steal her thunder’ in the second paragraph means ... 1) take a possession. 3) take someone’s glory. 2) make someone feel bad about something. 4) make a strong impression. Ответ: What does the author say about her preparations as an understudy? 1) The duties are largely unappreciated by others. 2) There is no one there to share the pain with. 3) She has to learn the role better than the actor she’s replacing. 4) She’s not required to do anything other than learn the main role. Ответ: Before the author learnt she would be playing the lead, she ... 1) never thought the day would come. 2) hoped the day would never come. 3) did everything she could to prepare for it. 4) tried to get other roles in the play. Ответ: What happened when the director broke the news to the author? 1) She lost her strength and balance. 2) She made a terrible face. 3) She expressed that she didn’t think she was ready. 4) She was overcome with joy. Ответ: ‘It’ in T hadn’t thought about it before’ in the fifth paragraph refers to ... 1) the role of Lady Macbeth. 2) being centre stage. 3) backing out of a commitment. 4) remembering her lines. Ответ: What concerned the author about the announcement? 1) What her fellow actors would think. 2) What the director thought. 3) What the audience would think. 4) What the director would actually say. j По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы I в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего • задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 I цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительный символов. { Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными ' в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Imperial Porcelain Factory The Imperial Porcelain Factory has been making fine porcelain in Russia for centuries. The factory, founded in 1744, was Empress Elizabeths idea 19_J with the aim of a centre of excellence in Russian CREATE ceramic art. 20 After Empress Elizabeth, consecutive monarchs kept the factory busy with orders and allowed it to produce the quality porcelain and ceramic plates, vases, tea sets and the like. FINE 22 In the 1940s, the factory began to produce its famous cobalt net pattern, which consisted of intersecting lines of deep blue forming a geometric pattern on a white background. The edges of the dishes in exquisite 22-karat gold. HIGHLIGHT Burger Hut Peter called into his favourite burger shop on his way home from college one day. He didn’t realise he was out of cash until after he __________________________his meal. ORDER । The bill came to £4.99, and luckily, the burger shop accepted bank cards, 23 so he paid with his card and went home. He EAT his burger while he was watching TV, and then he went about the rest of his day. 24 A couple of weeks later, Peter noticed a £499 charge on his bank statement. ‘This charge can’t be. I haven’t used my card for anything that expensive,’ Peter said aloud. 25 He saw the words ‘Burger Hut’ alongside the amount, so he called his bank and explained the situation. ‘It does seem strange that someone that much money in a burger shop,’ the bank employee said, and he agreed to correct the charge. SPEND
a 3 I I 9 9 s зя«»»м^*»1^мяя«^®а«яякдакчж**!^4^йгзй5;й«^в4а5^«з»*^^ Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. C I. § < I I I 1 w - - — - SS Apps Apps are those little computer programs we use on our mobile phones and other small devices. The word app’ is an abbreviation for software . APPLY Apps have been very popular since the rise of smartphones. There are apps for banking transactions, weather forecasts, video games, maps, calendars and other forms of data. MANAGE Many apps are available free of charge, or are at least . Some apps with more sophisticated features EXPENSIVE can cost quite a bit of money, however. An estimated 102 billion apps were downloaded in 2013, proving that the general public s to apps has been positive. REACT Some apps are quite amazing, such as one that can tell you what song is playing in a restaurant or cafe. Others are POSITIVE strange - there’s an app that makes a whistling sound that only a dog can hear! When a software company releases a new app, it’s often a event. Celebrities make appearances and loads MASS of fans queue up to get a glimpse of them, and perhaps check out the app, too.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера j соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ] ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую j выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Leon and friends Leon has known his friends for years. He can talk with them about anything, and they rarely disagree 32 I one another. One day, however, he and his friend Jarrod got into a terrible argument over sport. Leon was quite surprised, actually, because the argument got so bad that Jarrod j 33 [ out of his house. Leon had never been so upset in his life. A week went by and they hadn’t spoken to one another. Leon told his other friends what had happened, but they hadn’t seen Jarrod in a while. Leon guessed he had to be the one to I 34 | out to him. He decided to visit Jarrod’s house and meet him face-to-face. He knew they had to speak eventuallv and he didn’t want to [ 35 I the agony. But no one answered the door when he rang. Confused, Leon thought he would just leave a note. ‘I’m sorry we got into an argument the other day. Please, let’s talk soon,’ he wrote. Later that night, Leon received a call from Jarrod. Strangely, Jarrod tried to | 36 [ that it wasn’t a big deal. ‘But you got up and left my house. You nearly ran out!’ replied Leon. ‘Sorry, I guess I just let my emotions get the 37 j of me. It was really stupid. Forgive me. said Jarrod. That was all Leon needed to hear, and the two of them laid the incident to j 38 j Ответ: Ответ: I 1) touch ._«J 1) prolong 36 Ответ: 1) play Ответ: 37 1) bad 38 Ответ: 1) rest 2) about 3) over 4) with 2) stormed 3) flooded 4) rained 2) catch 3) pull 4) reach 2) extend 3) lengthen 4) stretch 2) imagine 3) fake 4) pretend 2) good 3) better 4) worse 2) sleep 3) break 4) nap Ответ: I j По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы £ I I в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дтюлнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 4. Письмо j Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые » пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать ? отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите I на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ Ns 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться I экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения | указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть I текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала I номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Lisa, who writes: We were talking in class about communication. I was wondering how you communicate with people in your country. How do you communicate with friends when they re not round? What do you think of video phone calls? What s an interesting way you've seen a message communicated? In other news, I ve just got my driving licence ... Write a letter to Lisa. In your letter • answer her questions • ask 3 questions about her driving licence. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. Graffiti is an art form that should be respected and admired. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 8 Раздел 5. Говорение TdSK 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. A new study shows that children can remember faces they saw when they were just twelve months old. The two-and-a-half year study was conducted by two male scientists of equal age. It was done by a very simple method. Families with one-year-olds brought their children to meet one of the researchers. He spent forty-five minutes with the children. They did not meet his colleague. Then, when the children were three and a half, they revisited the research facility. They were shown photographs of both men. The children focused on the man they didn’t recognise. Their tendency was to study the stranger’s face, as children often do when they meet new people. The children couldn’t say how they knew the familiar face. The study, however, demonstrated that even as babies, our memories function remarkably well. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You are considering attending the grand opening of the shop and now you are calling to find our more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) types of clothes 2) special offers 3) if they sell kids’ clothing 4) if they accept credit cards 5) nearest free parking You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Task 3 Imagine that some years ago you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... TaSI 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the produce markets presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 9 Language and Exam Skills Development Section i| Listening: third task A In pairs or as a group, complete the words for extreme sports. Then decide which one(s) you would want to try. Give reasons. 1 h ng-gl—d__ng 2 b__s_ i mp_____ng 3abs 1 ng 4 sk_d v ng 5 m_____nt____n cl mb_ng 6 m t cr__,ss 7 a t r c ng 8 sn wb_______rd_ng В Listen to this extract from the task on page 121 and answer the questions. ~ 1 What type of car did Mark first start driving?___________________ 2 How did Mark’s dad change this car? 3 How old was Mark when he started driving racing cars?_____________________ 4 What type of racing did Mark do when he was at secondary school? Section 2 Reading: first task C Read the headings 1-8 on page 122 and find words that mean something similar to these words and phrases. 1 big city ____________________ 2 any place where people live ___________________ 3 coastal ____________________ 4 impressive ____________________ 5 dry place ____________________ 6 crowded D In pairs or in groups, for each heading, write three words you might expect to read in the texts. Heading 1 Heading 2 Heading 3 Heading 4 Heading 5 Heading 6 Heading 7 Heading 8 Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: second task E As a class, discuss which is the best place to go on holiday in Russia. Give reasons. Then make notes of what you’ve discussed. Best place Reasons
F Complete the table. noun (thing) adjective , “1 verb adverb noun (person) length X tropics X X paint X history X inspire X impress X Section 4 Writing G Find nine words in the word search that are connected with the weather and write them below. H Read the first task on page 129. Order the words to make questions. 1 she / to / going / which / is / university T о R N A D О H E A T W E T о W I N D R Y T s N О W E A s E S T О R M 2 subject / is / going / she / what / study / to 3 moving / she / will / halls of residence / be / into / the 1_____________________ 2_____________________ 3_____________________ 4_____________________ 5_____________________ 6_____________________ 7_____________________ 8_____________________ 9_____________________ Section 5] Speaking: first task I Write one letter in each of the following words which is not pronounced. 1 castle 5 technology 2 imagine 6 extremely 3 scientific 7 sight 4 joined 8 enlarged J Underline the main stressed syllable in these words and phrases. 1 sand castle 5 reflect 2 scientific 6 microscopic 3 joined forces 7 process (noun) 4 device 8 marvel
Раздел 1. Аудирование J Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями | 5 каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте [ J каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. | j В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. | { Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. | 1. Sometimes it helps to sip on something warm to relax. 2. A deep back and shoulder massage can get rid of stress. 3. You can relieve stress by clearing your mind. 4. For severe anxiety, a doctor can prescribe a pill. 5. There’s nothing like rest and relaxation for a stress cure. 6. You may have to switch jobs in order to deal with your stress. 7. A visit to a therapist can sort out stress-related problems. i | Говорящий A В c D E F | Утверждение С™,— —— -- ———— ----- их--- —.I --1 Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют ? (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать [ j ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер I выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. | A lot of people went to Michael’s photography exhibition. Michael has paid for lessons in photography. Michael is not fond of colour photography. Denise doesn’t know how to use the camera on her phone. Michael uses a camera phone to take a lot of photos. Michael’s mum has stopped using traditional film. Michael’s mum wants him to learn how to develop photos from film. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
| Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, J ; соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись } I дважды. I I i 3 9 Mark became a racing driver because ... 1) his father was also a driver. 2) his father encouraged him to do it. 3) he loved driving at a young age. When did Mark first drive an actual racing car? 1) When he was a child. 2) During his later school years. 3) When he became an adult. Mark says that open-wheelers ... 1) often reach 400 kilometres per hour. 2) don’t require a lot of skill to master. 3) can reach high speeds very quickly. When did Mark reach top speeds in racing? 1) After a long period of practice. 2) He hasn’t reached them yet. 3) Right from the start. Mark acquired most of his racing skills ... 1) from a coach who accompanied him on drives. 2) from drivers with lots of experience. 3) by learning from his own experiences. Who does Mark blame for poor vehicle performance? 1) The driver. 2) The mechanics. 3) The racing conditions. Mark doesn’t worry about having an accident because ... 1) he never thinks about it. 2) he puts it out of his mind. 3) he thinks the risks are low. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ; Ответ: ’ I I По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК j I ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, | «начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры J j записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру | } пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. j
Раздел 2. Чтение 10 Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Grand heights 2. Life down below 3. Seaside living 4. The wettest settlement 5. Grand metropolis 6. Desert survival 7. Below zero living 8. Dense living A. The famous island of Aruba is located in the Caribbean Sea. Its approximately 100,000 residents live mostly along the coast, although there are a few inland settlements. Compared with the rest of the Caribbean Islands, the inhabitants of Aruba live in a considerably drier climate. The island is strewn with cactus plants, and it’s relatively flat compared with neighbouring land masses. B. Although it doesn’t exist anymore, at one point Kowloon Walled City had more people living in it per square kilometre than any other city in the world. Over 30,000 people lived in the settlement, which was only the size of one city block. It was a dangerous place to live, full of health hazards and shoddy building standards. This is why the Chinese government eventually tore it down. C. Antarctica is not a continent many people have visited, or probably ever will. Almost completely covered in ice for the entire year, there are no towns or cities there, and the only permanent inhabitants are penguins, seals and other ocean-faring creatures. Antarctica is the coldest continent on Earth, with temperatures plummeting to almost -90 degrees Celsius in winter. Despite its icy surface, it hardly receives any rain. D. Los Angeles may seem like a glamorous place, but its motorways are jam-packed. Still, they’re the best way to get around the city, as the underground, although improved, is not always useful, and the bus system is complicated. Thus, it s essential to have a vehicle to get around, but to get right across the citv could take more than two hours, even driving at high speeds on the motorway. E. The village of Mawsynram, northeast India, has a special distinction to accompany its name. It receives more rainfall than any other place in the world. On average, almost 12 metres of rain fall in Mawsynram each year. That’s metres, not inches or centimetres. The village lies amongst hills where monsoon winds from southern India converge. It’s highly recommended to bring an umbrella if you visit! E Believe it or not, there is life at the very bottom of the Pacific Ocean. Seven miles below the surface, it’s pitch black because no sunlight reaches that far. There is little for anything to eat down there, and temperatures are not far above freezing point. What could possibly exist down there? And yet, this is the home of many small, fish-like creatures. G. Mount Everest is generally thought to be the tallest mountain in the world, but it depends on how you measure things. If you start from the very bottom of the base of a mountain, even if it’s below the sea. then Hawaii’s Mauna Kea would qualify as the tallest. From the sea floor to its peak, it’s 10,203 metres high, compared to Mount Everest’s 8,848 metres. Ответ:
11 ; Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Pavlovsk Palace Pavlovsk Palace near St Petersburg has a remarkable story. In its over 200 years of existence, it has been ravaged by fire, A. But its survival of World War II is perhaps the most interesting period in its history. The palace was built in the late 18th century on land that belonged to Catherine the Great. She had passed the land down to her son, Paul I, and his wife, Maria, upon the birth of their son, Alexander I of Russia. Scottish architect Charles Cameron, a lover of Greek and Roman architecture, was hired to design the palace. His relationship with Catherine the Great was quite close, В. The three of them had competing interests for the interiors, each one disliking the others’ tastes. Eventually the palace was finished, and after Catherine the Greats passing, Paul I made it the official royal residence. His death in 1801 meant Alexander I would become emperor, C. The palace stayed in royal hands up until the Russian Revolution, when the royal family fled the country They left the palace to Alexander Polovotsoff, a prominent museum director, who fought to have it saved as a museum. His success meant that the palace survived, D. Just before its seizure, the museum staff hurried to save the art contained in the museum. Furniture was dismantled and shipped off, E. Perhaps the cleverest trick involved the statues. They were too heavy to evacuate, so the staff buried them in the gardens. They sank them three metres into the ground, F . They were right; after the occupation was over, the statues still remained. 1. occupied by foreign troops and nearly completely destroyed 2. and large antiquities were stored in a basement and walled up 3. but it would be seized by the Germans years later and used for military purposes 4. and he designated the house as his mother Marias official residence 5. believing the palace would best serve the country as a museum 6. but clashes would erupt between him, Paul and Maria over style issues 7. thinking the Germans wouldn’t dig that deep to look for them Ответ: A В c D 1
J Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите I в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту { ответа. { Life in Bali Martin began his life in Bali with a massive feeling of excitement. Here he was in paradise, surrounded by palm trees, white-sand beaches and crystal clear waters as far as the eye could see. But it wasn’t long before he realised that it’s a bit different actually working in paradise as opposed to being on holiday there. When he and some friends had visited the island for a holiday a couple of years before, he had fallen for the lifestyle hook, line and sinker. It had become his passion to find an excuse to live there extendedly. Of course, this meant he would actually have to do something while he was there to fund it all. It couldn’t be just days on end with nothing to do but lie on the beach or sit by a pool and chat about random things with the locals. There were all sorts of fantastic opportunities he had in mind: be a yoga instructor, give kayaking lessons to tourists, give tours of the cultural centres on the island. Not only did he have the dream location in mind, but he had the dream job in his sights as well. And of course there was the modest and traditional living accommodation he was sure he’d find, with big windows to let in the warm breeze throughout the day and a stunning ocean view. All of this a matter of steps away from the water he’d swum and surfed in as a holidaymaker. But things rarely turn out how we want them to be, and Martin’s case was no different. Without any real qualifications in any of the vocations he’d imagined, other than being armed with a sociology degree, Martin was forced to settle for whatever he could find. He accepted the first position he could actually manage to obtain, which was at a quaint resort a little way from the busy touristy area. He would work as a drinks server for little pay and few perks, aside from being by the seaside. And the dream house he thought would be easy to find turned out to be a little out of reach in terms of rent. He ended up being closer to the jungle than the sea. None of this was as a result of not trying; it was just going to be a while longer before Martin got all that his heart desired. As the weeks passed by, Martin’s island life slowly filled up with minor daily annoyances that took a certain change of perspective to handle. His move to Bali wasn’t intended to be an escape-from-it-all adventure; he still very much cherished the modern conveniences in life. He had to learn to anticipate that the internet wouldn’t always be on or that getting laundry done might take hours. Power cuts, while entertaining at first, can be a real pain when you’re actually trying to accomplish something. Eating became a real adventure as well, which Martin had got a taste of, so to speak, while he was there on holiday. He loved Indonesian food, but not all of it from every vendor was fit for consumption. Those charming power cuts meant that sometimes food had thawed, and then been refrozen. The flavour wasn’t the only thing lost in the process, if his occasional stomach aches were anything to go by. But Martin was determined to make it work. If the inconveniences frustrated him, he reminded himself not to cry over spilt milk. He told himself that, after all, if he had got everything he wanted in the first week, he might not appreciate his achievements as much, and there was plenty to appreciate on Bali.
12 13 14 Before Martin moved to Bali, he ... 1) was very unhappy with his life in general. 2) spent some time working there to see if he would like it. 3) was only thinking of the positive aspects of life there. 4) expected life there to be full of inconveniences. What did Martin think about lying on the beach and sitting by a pool? 1) It wasn’t something he’d ever be able to do. 2) It was the only thing to do in Bali. 3) It would be something he’d find very boring. 4) It would have to be an occasional thing. Martin’s dream jobs were all... 1) educational. 2) sporty. 3) travel-related. 4) hospitality-related. What kind of living arrangements did Martin want to secure? 1) A luxurious sort of place. 2) Anything he could find. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: 3) Something in a good location. 4) A modern type of place. Ответ: ‘This’ in ‘None of this was as a result of not trying’ in the sixth paragraph refers to ... 1) the place Martin found. 3) the island life. 2) the results of Martins endeavours. 4) the rent he had to pay. Ответ: How did Martin feel about the power being cut in the beginning? 1) It didn’t bother him very much. 2) He became really annoyed. 3) He worried about being disconnected. 4) He thought he’d get used to it. Ответ: What does the phrase ‘cry over spilt milk’ in the last paragraph mean? 1) Get upset about spoiled food. 2) Worry about unimportant things. 3) Imagine serious health problems. 4) Give up on dreams. Ответ: j По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы । 1 в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего | j задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 | I цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дщюлнителъных символов. ? j Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными j j в бланке образцами. |
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. The letter Michelle was looking for her sister, Lynn, because the day’s post had arrived and one of the letters was for her. She found her in the living room,to music with her headphones on. LISTEN Michelle pulled Lynn’s headphones off and told her she had received a letter. ‘Oh, from?’ Lynn said aloud, even though she could have just looked at it. WHO The envelope said ‘Teen Ink’ and Lynn got very excited. She ripped open , the envelope and read the letter as fast as she could without missing 21 I a word. Her article first prize in a competition, WIN and she was going to be a published author! Teacher’s pet It seems that it would be a good idea for any student to want to be teacher’s ‘pet’, or favourite. After all, if a teacher likes you the most, that teacher ___________ you with the most privileges in class, won’t they? REWARD 24 Strangely, though, almost no student wants this role! If they were given the choice, they to have a good relationship, but not too favourable. PREFER Unfortunately, kids who are labelled teacher’s pet fun of by their classmates. The other students become jealous, so they try to level things out by giving the favoured student a hard time. MAKE If anyone ever calls you a teacher’s pet, don’t let it get to you. It’s nothing but positive to have a good relationship with teachers, so just be __________________________and ignore the others. YOU
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных ? заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные j слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали ? содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск i соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. St Ives When the British travel in their own country for a holiday, what’s their 26 favourite destination? This topic could lead to a discussion, but one place that often wins awards is St Ives. LENGTH St Ives is a town in Cornwall, the most south-westerly county in England. It lies on the Celtic Sea at the tip of the Cornish peninsula, and its white-sand beaches and year-round pleasant weather make it seem 21 । in comparison to the rest of Britain. TROPICS The town has a rich past, and some notable buildings date back centuries. _______ A fisherman’s tavern known as the Sloop Inn is believed to have been { built in 1312 and has displayed the of local artists for many years. PAINT __ Although mostly regarded as a resort town now, St Ives was 29 a fishing port, one of the largest in the area. Billions of fish have been exported from the town over the years. HISTORY Dozens of artists make St Ives their home. They gain much from looking out to the open seas or at the lovely landscaped hills on the inland side. 31 j The work that the artists of St Ives do is so that a Tate gallery has been founded in the town and documentaries have been made to showcase the artists’ lives. INSPIRE IMPRESS 127
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1,2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. 8 I £ f I Fausto 36 37 38 It had been Faustos dream to live in the UK since he had visited as a child and fallen in love with it. It was so different from his country of Portugal, and he liked British culture and the way people spoke English. When the opportunity to study there came up, he The day had finally come to meet his host family Having just arrived at Heathrow airport, Fausto was excited to meet them, although he was also a bit apprehensive. But he was on an adventure, and that was to be enjoyed 34 worked as a computer[ worked as a nurse in the emergency care centre of a hospital. The couple had one son, Martin, who was the same age as Fausto. Although he had been studying English for years, Fausto wasn’t very good at speaking the language. He had trouble | 36 at the chance. all. He knew a few things about the family. The father, Donald Hines, , which Fausto thought was really cool, and the mother, Diane, certain words and spoke rather slowly. His reading and writing skills were excellent though, and he understood spoken English perfectly. He hoped his lack of speaking skills wouldn’t interfere As he exited the flight terminal, he saw Diane waiting for him with the rest of the family She greeted him with open arms and gave him a big hug, which helped to his communication for long. Faustos nerves a lot! 1) local Ответ: 1) ran 1) across Ответ: 1) maker 1) pronouncing 1) towards 1) stroke 2) natural 3) native 4) original 2) jumped 3) hopped 4) skipped 2) beyond 3) over 4) above 2) programmer 3) creator 4) inventor 2) announcing 3) voicing 4) talking 2) about 3) with 4) in 2) stop 3) calm 4) silence Ответ: 32 | j По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ Ns 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего . задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы 5 записываются без пробелов^ запятых и других допо/тителъных символов. Каждую } в бланке образцами.
Раздел 4. Письмо I Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые I пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать I отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите j на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным 1в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала I номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка I недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Ryan, who writes: We had a terrible storm last night. I thought it would never stop raining! I was wondering what the weather is like in your country? Whats the worst kind of weather that you ve experienced? What do you do to prepare for a really bad storm? Which part of your country has the best weather? I've got some good news: my sister has just got a place at university ... Write a letter to Ryan. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about his sister’s university place. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. 40 Comment on the following statement. Pushing children to achieve robs them of their childhood. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Раздел 5. Говорение T3S 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. A visit to the beach might mean building a sand castle. Can you imagine drawing a castle on a single grain of sand? An artist and a scientific researcher have joined forces to do just that. The artist first used a 100-year-old device to reflect images of real castles onto paper. He then traced these images onto the paper and sent them to the researcher. The researcher used technology similar to microscopic lasers to copy each image onto a grain of sand. The process took four years of trial and error to complete. The specific type of instrument could draw an extremely thin line. In fact, the line was only a tiny fraction of the width of a human hair. With the sand grain etched, the artist photographed the grain and enlarged the image. The technological marvel is a sight to see, and the applications for it are endless. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You are considering attending the course and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) the tuition fees 2) if you have to be a university student 3) materials provided 4) course location 5) afternoon and evening classes You have 20 seconds to ask each question. 130)
Test 9 а$к 3 Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... ask 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the ways of having fun presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. Many people find it hard to dress comfortably for work and look good. 2. It’s nice to enjoy a few designer labels if you’ve got the cash. 3. Some clothes have to be suitable for special working conditions. 4. The best clothes are the ones we pay little for. 5. Sometimes you have to dress well to be successful in life. 6. Clothing is an expression of who you are. 7. If you want clothes to last, you have to take care of them. 2 Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. Alison has got most of the supplies she needs for the clean-up. Daniel isn’t going to be involved with the rubbish pick-up. Alison has got an instrument for removing posters. Alison is going to assign poster removal to a friend. Daniel doesn’t think the park is full of rubbish. Alison wants to clean up the playground so she can use it again. Daniel will be at football practice for a couple of hours. Утверждение A В с D E F G Соответствие диалогу
6 8 9 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3 | соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. I S I |Г?; Stephanie’s projects in the past have covered ... 1) masters degree trends. 2) high school studies. 3) undergraduate courses. Ответ: What is true for someone entering the working world with a master’s degree? 1) They are guaranteed to find a job. 2) They are likely to get a higher salary. 3) They will find it extremely hard to get a job. Ответ: From 1996 to now, the increase Stephanie mentions involves ... 1) the time it takes to get a masters degree. 2) the number of master’s degree subjects being offered. 3) the number of workers who have master’s degrees. Ответ: Which type of job is most likely to require a master’s degree? 1) An aerospace engineering job. 2) A job in social work. 3) A teaching job. Ответ: Jobs with unspecified degree requirements ... 1) pay master’s degree holders a much higher salary. 2) are more likely to be obtained by bachelor-degree holders. 3) don’t pay more-qualified candidates any better. Stephanie says most undergraduate students ... 1) can consider their master’s degree while they study. 2) don’t want to obtain a master’s degree. 3) know what they want to specialise in whilst still at school. What is true about the 64% of bachelor-degree holders? 1) They are unemployed after six months. 2) They find jobs within six months. 3) They go on to get master’s degrees. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: £ I По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК | ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, I _ - | начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры £ I j £ I I | записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру | | пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. I К— В
Раздел 2. Чтение 10 1. Well-designed collection 2. A virtual paradise 3. Electronic communication 4. Nature under oil 5. High-priced electronics 6. Collections from nature 7. A lost art 8. Paradise lost A. If you’re a gaming fanatic, you’ll probably need a top-of-the-range unit to play games. The graphics are so detailed and the action so dense that many models of computers - even those just released - cant play the programs properly. You’ll need a computer with a special graphics card, and that can cost you. but if you love a good exciting game, it’s worth it. B. An increasingly disturbing problem in some of the world’s oceans is the collection of rubbish that washes up on faraway shores. The shorelines of the islands northwest of Hawaii - the ones hardlv anyone ever visits - are littered with discarded plastic items. You’d think these lovely and isolated places had been visited by the most irresponsible travellers ever to walk the face of the Earth. C. When was the last time you sat down to write a letter to a friend? It’s probably been a long while, and it may even be possible that you’ve never done such a thing, sending just the random, short-and-swee: email now and again. But this is how people used to communicate with one another, and there was a style and skill to it that has been largely forgotten. D. If you love the outdoors, you might consider taking something home with you to remember it bv. It may be a unique stone or a shell from a beach. It’s a lovely idea, and if done responsibly - that is. if you’re not taking huge amounts of things with you - then it can make a lovely souvenir to displav alongside items from other places you’ve visited. E. Although not as popular as it used to be, stamp collecting is a hobby that some people still inves: time in. If you’ve ever really studied a stamp, you can see that there’s usually a lovely piece of artwork contained in the tiny square. In fact, artists enter competitions to have their images featured on a stamp. Isn’t that something worth collecting? E The Exxon Valdez tragedy that occurred in 1989 caused a great deal of environmental damage in Alaska’s Prince William Sound. The ship, carrying hundreds of thousands of barrels of petroleum, los: its load into the ocean when it ran aground. The thick black liquid covered the top of the ocean ana washed up ashore, and even now it can still be found on the beaches in the area. G. Keeping in touch with people has never been easier than it is today. With the advent of email, texting and social networking, we have hassle-free ways of checking in with loved ones and saying hello It’s especially useful when friends move away and we don’t get to see them as often. They won’t be los: to us if we can simply send them a message on Facebook. Ответ: — A В C D E F
I । Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, | I обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя. Занесите | I цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. | The Times Newspapers have been in existence since the first one, the German newspaper Relation, was printed in 1605. Thousands of newspaper companies have sprung up since then, but The Times, a British newspaper, is one of the most famous. Although not the oldest paper, A. Founded in 1785, The Times has other interesting distinctions as well. Originally entitled The Daily Universal Register, its name was changed three years later to The Times, В. Other leading newspapers of the world, such as The New York Times, The Irish Times and The Times of India, all take their names from this publication. The typeface that many readers are familiar with, Times Roman, was commissioned by The Times. Under pressure to print the news in letters that were easier to read, in 1931 the newspaper asked a consultant, Stanley Morison, and a graphic artist, Victor Lardent, C. The Times was also the first newspaper to send journalists to cover armed conflicts, a common practice for any serious publication today This began when correspondents from the newspaper travelled to Crimea in the 1850s D. Today, the content of The Times covers a broad range of topics and includes opinions and comments from editors. Also included in the paper is a supplemental newspaper, times2, E. As with all newspapers, sales of The Times have been challenged by the advent of the internet, which often offers the news free of charge. While The Times has a website featuring daily updated news, the site has a pay wall F. Both the online and paper editions of The Times are still read by hundreds of thousands of readers. 1. which forces readers to purchase a subscription to read full articles 2. to write reports about the events that were unfolding in the region 3. it holds the record for publishing the most issues, over 70,000 4. to invent a typeface, which then became widely used in global publications 5. and it became the first newspaper to ever use that name 6. it established its reputation by breaking a number of high-profile stories 7. which features various lifestyle columns and a puzzles section Ответ: A В C D E F
j Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите j в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту | ! ответа. I | ! The journey within I’ve met people who, much to my envy, were not on a mission to find themselves. Whether it’s just their nature, or that they’ve managed to find the answer already, some people seem to know their purpose and have known it for a long time. Perhaps there are some people who just don’t ask. I am not one of those people, and that is why 1 have found myself in the desert. My decision to leave mv familiar surroundings and venture abroad was a selfish one wrapped in the packaging of helping others, which I’ve accepted now. I may not have freely admitted that fact, or even known it, in the beginning. But I’m primarily an English teacher in Jordan because I was on a mission to help myself. It just looks as though I’m helping others, and that’s the naked truth. It’s not completely one-sided, as I certainly like my students and I know they appreciate what I do. To be honest, I’d rather have fun with them kicking a ball around a dusty alleyway than teach them grammar I’m the world’s worst at class management, and I’m surprised I haven’t been fired yet. They just haven: caught onto me. Hopefully I will have mastered the art before that happens. I’m not wholly selfish, either. I commit random acts of selflessness quite often. I’ve given an old laptop a neighbour who could barely afford a desk to put it on. I’ve had newfound friends round to the house for dinner, even though I burnt it and had to get takeaway. And I’m earning very low wages, doing work for which I’d be paid many times more back home. Does that count as selfless? I’ve come to terms with the fact that finding yourself is an endless mission if you allow it to be. If you never answer the questions 4Who am I?’ and ‘What is my purpose in life?’, it’s not because there isn’t an answer It’s because you don’t want to know the answer, because then what you would do after finding it? Or, if veu find the answer, it means you have to commit to it. Our generation is not used to commitment. So mam of us let opportunities slip through our fingers because were too scared to say ‘That’s me. That’s who I am Or we say it, then change our minds a month down the road, ending up more lost than before. The journey has clearly had a profound effect on me. I’ve endured dust storms for days on end to learn what it is that I want from life. I’ve been on bus rides that took an hour to go a couple of kilomemes because the streets were jammed with traffic. I can’t complain, because it’s part of what I wanted, and Im beginning to think it’s the journey itself that I seek, not the destination. Can’t that be something to aspm to be - a seeker of journeys, of questions without answers, of beginnings without ends? I sense that most of my colleagues have travelled down this road and reached the end of it, but hm t become cynical in the process. My favourite colleague - the one I envy the most - has never even askm the question. He’s simply a lover of adventure who likes to blow his own trumpet. True, he boasts m much about how great a teacher he is, but his energy and zest for life are refreshing. He definitely falls m:: the category of ‘doer’ not ‘thinker’. That’s not to say he doesn’t think, of course, but he spends verv lime time sorting out his thoughts. It doesn’t seem that he needs to.
14~| 15 16 17 What does the author think of people who know their purpose in life? 1) He wishes he were more like them. 2) He thinks they must have been born that way. 3) He thinks they don’t really know their purpose. 4) He believes he is similar to them. The author believes he became a teacher because he ... 1) cares only for other people. 2) is particularly good at it. 3) wanted to learn something himself. 4) thought it would be a good way to see the world. Ответ: ‘They’ in ‘They just haven’t caught onto me’ in the third paragraph refers to ... 1) students. 3) school administrators. 2) fellow teachers. 4) the locals. Regarding selfless acts, the author is certain that... 1) the low wages he makes is one of them. 2) he should have given his neighbour a desk. 3) his friends do them more often than he does. 4) even trying but failing at them counts. The author feels that commitment is ... 1) a pointless concept. 3) always permanent. 2) difficult to maintain. 4) easy for young people. What does the author think of his location? 1) It displeases him greatly. 2) It is a place he wants to settle down in. 3) It is an important part of his mission in life. 4) It sometimes reminds him of home. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: 18 What does the phrase ‘blow his own trumpet’ in the last paragraph mean? 1) be energetic 2) be adventurous 3) be overly proud of yourself 4) be knowing of all the answers Ответ: ! По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы ’ в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего j задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 | цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. | Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными | в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика | Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, ! | напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, ] | так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. ! j Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует | I отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. I Gorodki Gorodki is a Russian sport played with a bat and wooden pegs. 19 Most people probably of gorodki, but they know of similar games such as horseshoes or croquet, in which the goal is to throw and knock objects round a field. NOT HEAR 20 This particular games objective is to knock the pegs outside a designated area using the bat, which at them. Players arrange the pegs into various formations, which have names such as cannon, ‘star’, aeroplane’ or ‘letter’. THROW The game dates back to ancient times, when it was traditionally played by Russian peasants who made up their own rules. The Russian nobility were playing it in the 17th century, along with various cultural figures in 21 the 18th and 19th centuries, and that, it became a legitimate sport in 1923, complete with a set of official rules. Wedding anniversary 22 23 FOLLOW Kellys grandparents had a very special day approaching. It was going to be their wedding anniversary that Saturday, and her parents were planning a huge event. For the occasion, they a dance hall several months earlier, so over 300 people could celebrate the golden couples milestone. FIFTY BOOK Kellys job was to create a seating arrangement, but people kept calling to say they wanted to come, too, which meant Kelly had to plan 24 than when she’d started. CAREFULLY 25 Kelly s parents also had a very special gift for her grandparents - a trip to India, a place her grandmother had always said she _______________________if she had the chance. VISIT
| Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных I | заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные I j слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали | | содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск I | соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. | World population Is our planets population growth ever going to slow down? 26 It’s to think about, but, by 2083, the number TERRIFY of people on the planet is expected to reach 10 billion. There are people who keep track of these sorts of things. A of the United Nations is dedicated to tracking DIVIDE global population growth and making estimates of likely future totals. The human population first hit 1 billion in 1800. This means that in 28 mankinds thousands of years of on the planet, EXIST our population only reached that figure just over 200 years ago. In 1927, our population reached 2 billion, and it had become 3 billion by 1960, demonstrating that our numbers are in fact increasing, a cause for great concern. 30 We’ve been able to survive so far due to advances made in agriculture, which have increased our food supply. RAPID TECHNOLOGY However, unless we improve upon existing techniques, farmers, and the 31 planet itself, will be of supplying enough food CAPABLE for a 10-billion-strong global population. And that is only one of many problems that an ever-increasing human population creates.
j Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера I соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты j ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Old photos her in the photos. down the middle. If you didn’t wear your hair like that, you Carrie and her mum were looking at old photos of her mum as a university student. Her mums style was so different then, Carrie almost didn’t ‘I can’t believe how long vour hair is in the picture, Mum!’ Carrie remarked, having never seen her mum with that length of hair before. ‘It must have been difficult to look [ 33 j it every day Carrie’s mum smiled at her remarks. ‘It was definitely a chore, but that was the style back then, to have really long, straight hair i 34 weren’t considered to be cool, know what I mean?’ t"” ‘Oh yeah, like, groovy Mum’ Carrie said, lightly poking fun [ Carrie really appreciated seeing her mum with such a youthful style. They found some photos of Carrie’s dad, who looked quite different as well, dressed in green trousers that got wider as they got longer. He was sporting a full head of hair, rather than having the [ 36 | head that Carrie knew. ‘Dad was so handsome back then!’ Carrie exclaimed. Despite the odd styles, Carrie thought her parents looked amazing and she was inspired [37 | this t° be more daring with her own style. After viewing the photos, Carrie though she’d I 38 j wardrobe. She wasn’t going to let her conservative ways stop her. her. Joking aside. some time in picking out a new 2) recall 3) recognise 4) remember 37 1) remind 1) through Ответ: I 1) at Ответ: j j 1) bald Ответ: I 1) from Ответ: | 1) fund 2) round 2) parted 2) of 2) thin 2) by 2) finance 3) over 3) divided 3) in 3) bare 3) to 3) pay 4) after 4) halved 4) with 4) flat 4) into 4) invest Ответ; По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы • в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего { задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы I записываются без пробелов^ запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую | букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными I в бланке образцами.
Раздел 4. Письмо | Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые I пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать | отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите | на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным | в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться j экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть j текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала « номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка | недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Vicky, who writes: Гт struggling with my German lessons and was wondering if you had any language-learning tips. What's the best way to improve vocabulary? What do you find most difficult when learning a language? Is it a good idea to visit the country to learn the language and why (or why not)? Oh. and I forgot to tell you in my last letter - we picked some vegetables from our garden finally ... Write a letter to Vicky. In your letter • answer her questions • ask 3 questions about her vegetable garden. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. The standard 4-5 weeks’ holiday that employees receive is insufficient for dealing with stress. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1 -2 reasons for this opposing opinion ♦ explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. It takes great deal of effort to manage a farm. The basics may be easy to learn, but son e aspects of farming are quite complex. A certain level of farming education is therefore necessary. For instance, some farmers don’t always know how to use fertiliser correctlv. Fertiliser helps plants grow and produce more fruit and vegetables. Too much of it, however, doesn’t help the plant and causes pollution. When farmers water their crops some of that water runs off. This contains some of the fertiliser. It ends up in lakes and streams and eventually in the supply of water we drink and wash in. A simple government programme can make a big difference in educating farmers. It can help make them aware of the environmental impact of farming. This in turn can help reduce water pollution. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You have decided to subscribe to this magazine and you would like to get more information In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) cost of subscription 2) length of subscription 3) number of pages 4) how often it is published 5) early cancellation You have 20 seconds to ask each question. 144
ask 3 Imagine that some years ago you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... ask 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the study situations presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
гт-t * -г - — .«« □г « leSt JL I Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: second task A In pairs or as a group, discuss these questions. D Quickly read the text on page 152 and complete the words. A word with a similar meaning is given in brackets to help you. Paragraph 2 1 Have you ever moved house? 2 If you have, how did you feel about it? 1 a__________________ 2 s__________________ (surprise) (look) 3 If you haven’t, how do you think you would feel about it? 4 What type of place would you like to move to? Why? В Circle the correct answer. 1 ‘We’ve got hardly any clothes to wear’ means we have many I few clothes to wear. 2 ‘The removal men are coming on Saturday’ tells I doesn’t tell us that these men will do all the moving. 3 ‘I can’t find a lot of things’ suggests a positive I negative experience. 4 ‘A block away from my house’ is far from I near the house. 5 ‘it’s usually late’ suggests the bus service is efficient / inefficient. 3 r(memory) Paragraph 4 4 a(believed) 5 c(asking) Paragraph 5 6 p(strange) 7 s(admitted) Paragraph 6 8 a(meeting) 9 p(nice) 10 m(unimportant) Paragraph 7 111(causes) 12 d(interrupting) 6 ‘I can’t imagine what it must be like to move house’ suggests the person has I hasn’t moved. 7 ‘It was very satisfying’ suggests a positive I negative experience. (SecticW2 K.’ea.C&ngi third task C Read questions 12-18 on page 153 and find words which have a similar meaning to these words. 1 criticised ________________ 2 understood ________________ 3 total ________________ 4 anger ________________ Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: first task E Look at questions 19-25 on page 154. Answer the questions. 1 19 What tense do we use to show something that happened before something else?_______________________ Can we use seem in the continuous? 20 Does the answer need an apostrophe?_________________ Do we need to change the word expensive?_________________ Do we need an apostrophe? 5 sure 6 with great energy 24 Do we need a passive form? 7 । 25 'l Do we need a passive form? •—x 8 answer 146)
Section 4 Writing: first task F In pairs or as a group, discuss which film titles might match each type of film. Try to give reasons. 1 romance ___________ 2 musical ___________ 3 action ___________ 4 horror ___________ 5 science fiction ___________ 6 comedy ___________ a The Monster in the Wardrobe b War of the Worlds c Kissed at Midnight d Singing in the Snow e The 500 f Mad and Madder 2 G Read the first task on page 157. Complete these questions about a house extension. 1 Why do? 2 Where will__________? 3 How long? 4 Is there? Section^ Speaking: third task H Write a word from the box in each gap to complete the text. This airport was quite spectacular to see. It’s very open and modern, and it’s got lots of facilities inside. It’s (3) easy to get round and there are lots of signs pointing you in the right direction. You can see some people walking (4)with their luggage, but there was lots of space, (5) it wasn’t too crowded. More places should have airports (6)this to greet travellers. I think it’s a good way to advertise your city (7) being a great travel destination. I took this photo (8)this airport happens to be one (9) the nicest airports I’ve (10) visited, so I wanted something to remember it by. I’m showing it (11) you because I know airports can often be stressful, unpleasant places, so I wanted to show you that sometimes they can be very impressive and enjoyable places (12)• about as because ever in inside like of quite so to too This is a photo I took while on holiday recently. The photo is of the (1)of the airport of the first city we landed (2).
Test 11 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. When skiing, learning how to stop is a life-saving skill. 2. If you’re afraid of the big slopes, stick to the beginners’ slope. 3. It is important to take lessons before you start skiing. 4. There are plenty of ways to enjoy a ski resort besides skiing. 5. Ski resorts always have professionals who can look after people with injuries. 6. Your physical fitness plays a role in successful skiing. 7. Some people just want to look like experienced skiers. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А В С D 1[ F G Eric has still got a lot of packing to do at his house. Eric and his family will help the movers move things. Eric is not happy living at his house at the moment. There’s a bus that stops in front of Leila’s house. Eric’s new neighbourhood has an efficient bus service. Leila’s parents haven’t moved in several years. Eric was pleased to have thrown away lots of stuff. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 11 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, • соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись i дважды. 3 According to David, a hacker can be ... 1) anyone who owns a computer. 2) someone who tricks a person out of their password. 3) anyone who works for a computer company. Ответ: 4 Why does David technically consider himself a hacker? 1) He has broken into computers before. 2) He admires the hacking culture. 3) He is able to build and program computers. Ответ: 5 The simpler ways that data thieves operate ... 1) are well-publicised by the media. 2) are not thought about very often. 3) affect thousands of normal people. Ответ: 6 According to David, writing a computer virus ... 1) is more difficult than just asking for a password. 2) is easier than trying to get someone to tell you a password. 3) is a guaranteed way of obtaining a password. Ответ: 7 How do hackers convince an employee to reveal a password? 1) They offer them a financial incentive. 2) They imply that they might get fired if they don’t. 3) They offer to help the employee in some way. Ответ: 8 What kind of people does David say are vulnerable to fake emails? 1) All kinds of people. 2) Usually just older people. 3) People who are naturally very trusting. Ответ: 9 David believes that ‘hacktivists’ are ... 1) no better than other criminals. 2) valuable members of society. 3) working on behalf of organisations. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК < ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, : начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1и2 цифры j записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру ' пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 11 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Teacher’s pet 2. Musical inspiration 3. The fashion victim 4. Creative genius 5. Practical joker 6. Popularity contest 7. The quiet type 8. The know-all A. These students tend to be a mystery to the others in the classroom. They often sit at the back of the class, and they keep to themselves. They seem to be really clever, but you’d never know by the things they say, as they only speak on the rarest of occasions. Maybe they’re just a bit shy and haven’t come out of their shells yet. B. There is a bit of a stigma around doing certain things at school. Some students avoid these things because they think they might be perceived as nerds. For example, they might not want to join the school orchestra in case they’d get a negative label, but the truth is that anyone who can play an instrument has special talent that, one day, the others will be envious of. C. Some students can’t keep their hands down when the teacher asks a question in class. Or, indeed, they don’t even wait to be called on. They just blurt out the answers. There’s no question that they can’t answer. It can be infuriating for the others, but these students might make good study partners for an exam, if they really are the fount of knowledge they appear to be. D. Every school’s got a student who likes to talk to everyone in the school, even the head teacher on occasion! They’ve always got something to say, and everyone loves them because they’re witty and charming. They may not be the brightest person in school, or the most talented, but they are by far the most sociable. It might even seem that they’re competing for the title of Most Well-Liked at School. E. All students have their own unique perspectives on life, but some see things in a completely different light compared to their classmates. Perhaps they strive to do this, or it simply comes naturally. They’re often able to create the most surprising piece of writing or paint the loveliest scene from everyday life, the ones we take for granted. Talent like this mustn’t be wasted. F. There must be one of this type of student in every single school. This is the one who’s always trying to be funny, although sometimes they’re more of a nuisance. They try to get you to believe something that’s not true, for example, but it’s all in good fun of course. Sometimes they really get you, and other times, you know what they’re up to and you’re not falling for it! G. Some kids in school are the envy of their classmates, but it might be for all the wrong reasons. The other students look at them and are sometimes jealous of what they’re wearing, but if you look a bit more closely, you realise that they’re imprisoned by their desire to look good. They could never step out of the house in an uncool tracksuit. It would be a sin! Ответ: 150
Test 11 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. The new wind turbine Green energy has become a focus in technological advancement, as scientists are looking for ways to create or harness energy without damaging the planet. The wind turbine is one of the biggest breakthroughs in renewable energy, and as a result, A. Although the traditional wind turbine has shown great benefits, it is not without flaws. One of the obvious problems is that some days are just not that windy; however, in the higher layers of our atmosphere, it is always windy. Scientists have been watching this never-ending power source very closely, В. So, they’ve designed new types of wind turbines, known as airborne wind turbines, which can reach this higher layer. One specific model is known as BAT, or buoyant airborne turbine, which is similar to a giant balloon. It’s filled with helium, which allows it to rise high in the sky, C. In the centre of the balloon is a turbine, and the balloon itself is tied to the ground with cables that carry the turbine’s electricity down to Earth. Extremely light and portable, D. The company that has developed this technology says it will be the answer to rural power needs. People who live in remote areas often can’t take advantage of renewable energy because setting up traditional wind turbines is very costly. And if they can’t even connect to the national grid, as is the case in some places in Alaska, E. Hopefully with this new technology, more people will be able to live a greener life. The BAT is just one type of airborne wind turbine; F, or at least to provide a variety of turbines to suit different needs. 1. and some have described it as looking like an inflatable doughnut 2. they have to run expensive petrol-powered generators 3. there are fewer wind turbines in this location for people to use 4. and they’re looking to discover a way to make better use of it 5. they can be seen dotted across landscapes around the world 6. there are more being developed in the search for the perfect design 7. the balloon can be set up in remote places far away from electricity grids Ответ: A В C D E F
Test 11 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Sleep problems I had been known to sleepwalk as a child, often getting up in the middle of the night to use the bathroom, but not knowing I had done so. I had a habit of leaving the bathroom light on, which is what should have given it away, after weeks of my parents scolding my sister and me for failing to turn it off. The thing is, we always did turn it off, or so we thought. It was my sister, actually, who discovered the problem, to her astonishment, when she got up to use the bathroom herself, and found me in front of the bathroom basin washing my hands. She said she’d waited for me to finish, and when I did, I walked right past her with a blank stare on my face. She’d asked me if I was OK; I’d said nothing and gone back to bed. When she mentioned it that morning, I had no recollection of the event, and I flatly denied that it had happened. Days later, my sister encountered exactly the same situation, which I again refused to believe, although with a bit less determination. I was beginning to sense there was a problem. I began to question my own memory as well. It was of great concern to my parents, who assumed that something awful would happen to me during one of the episodes. What if I went for a walk round the block, in my pyjamas? They told my sister to lock our bedroom door at night, and then to hide the key, after I actually found it and used it on one occasion. We considered consulting a sleep therapist; however, the locked door seemed to do the trick, and the episodes stopped. Flash forward to my life as a young adult. I was living alone and I began to notice some peculiar things around my flat, worse than just a left-on bathroom light, although not dangerously so. I would go to get something which 1 was sure was in the fridge, only to find it missing. I would see dirty saucepans on the cooker, something which as a self-professed cleaning freak I would never leave for the next day. 1 realised that I’d re-started my childhood habit. I had heard stories of people driving while asleep, so I started hiding my car keys from myself in different places every night, in the hope that I wouldn’t remember where I had put them. I sometimes didn’t when I was awake! I decided that before things got out of hand, I would visit a sleep clinic. I set up an appointment and met a professional who suggested I stayed in their clinic overnight. The facilities were very comfortable and the staff helpful and pleasant. Most of the patients were there for minor sleeping problems, which was the category I felt I fell into, as opposed to the few with more disturbing sleep issues, such as not sleeping for days, or falling asleep randomly and without control. I was asked whether or not I wanted to take medication, which I was advised wouldn’t - and couldn’t - be a permanent routine. I decided against it, preferring to try other methods. You see, there are no defining triggers to sleepwalking. In other words, it’s hard to hit the nail on the head when it comes to finding the cause and prescribing remedies. Instead, the therapist helped me to try and work out what might be disrupting my sleep; if it was stress, not sleeping to a schedule, doing too many things before bedtime, and so on. I had to see which of those things might be my trigger, and change it so that I’d stop my sleepwalking for good. 152
When the author’s parents scolded her,... 1) they discovered her problem. 2) the author realised the problem herself. 3) her sister realised the problem. 4) the author and her sister were confused. Ответ: How did the author react when her sister first told her she’d seen her in the bathroom? 1) With complete shock. 3) With confusion. 2) With certainty that she was wrong. 4) With a great deal of irritation. Ответ: The author’s parents were convinced that the problem would ... 1) cause her to be in danger. 2) go away on its own. 3) need attention from a professional. 4) only result in a minor problem. Ответ: What did the author do in her sleep as an adult? 1) Clean the kitchen furiously. 2) Cook a meal. 3) Hide her car keys from herself. 4) Go for a long drive. Ответ: At the sleep clinic, the author felt her condition was ... 1) less serious than that of most other patients. 2) similar to that of most other patients. 3) more serious than that of most other patients. 4) similar to the very worst cases. ‘It’ in T decided against it’ in the sixth paragraph refers to ... 1) accepting any form of treatment. 2) taking medication. 3) adopting a permanent routine. 4) staying on at the clinic. Ответ: Ответ: What does the expression ‘hit the nail on the head’ in the last paragraph refer to? 1) Finding a good therapist. 3) Identifying the right solution. 2) Getting angry about something. 4) Doing physical therapy. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы : в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 ! цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
lest 11 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует Paul and Sharon 19 Paul and his wife Sharon were out shopping at a local shopping centre. They their car in the car park and were now returning to it with their shopping bags. PARK 20 Paul put the car key into the door, but it wouldn’t turn. ‘What’s wrong with this key?’ he asked Sharon. ‘It to be working.’ NOT SEEM 21 Confused, Sharon stepped back and took a good look at the car. ‘You know what, Paul? I don’t think this car is . It just looks exactly like it. Were trying to get into someone else’s car!’ They walked away and tried to remember where they’d parked their own car! WE City of Westminster 22 'the City of Westminster is the borough of London that contains Buckingham Palace, the Houses of Parliament and the Prime Minister’s residence. It is located on the northern banks of the River Thames in the centre of London, and it’s one of the places to live in the UK. EXPENSIVE 23 The borough is of great historical interest, and almost four fifths of buildings are part of a designated conservation area. IT 24 Of all the tourists that visit London, approximately 95% of them tour the City of Westminster, which for about 28 million visitors each year. ACCOUNT 25 Other sites within the borough are Piccadilly Circus, Kensington Gardens, the headquarters of many global corporations and several renowned learning institutes. The borough has 27 tube stations and to south London by seven bridges. CONNECT 154
Test 11 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Multimedia Art Museum The Multimedia Art Museum is Moscow’s museum for the photographic 26 arts and art technology. It is a new museum RELATIVE to the city, opening its doors in 2010. The museum operates alongside the Moscow House of Photography, which showcases the work of Russian photographers and other from past and contemporary eras. ART Both museums support modern photographers and the 28 of the field by collaborating with leading ADVANCE European art institutions. 29 The Multimedia Art Museum provides EDUCATE programmes for artists and for the general public, in an effort to encourage audiences to interact with the exhibits. The museum also has special programmes aimed at helping 30 children take part in photography. ART E The creators of these programmes believe that despite their handicaps, these children have a unique perspective on life that adds a special creativity to their work. 31 are held in which photographers can submit COMPETE collections of photos and receive monetary awards and a spot in the museums permanent collection. The theme is life in the Russian capital and collections can focus on people, architecture or everyday events.
Test 11 к_______ f--——— ———...—-—™__ ? Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера / соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ; ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую 5 выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Computer problems Davids mum Frieda was useless when it came to fixing computer problems. It was in part because she didn’t know how programs operated or how to 32 the settings, but it was also because she didn’t want to know. It simply wasn’t of interest to her. So whenever something went wrong, it was David to the rescue. He’d always ask what she had done to it, but the response was always the same: ‘I have no idea. It’s just stopped working.’ David would have to 33 34 who could take 35 the topic in 37 upon a mission to work out what was the matter. It rarely took David long to solve the problem. He was a computer a computer apart and put it back together again. But he was going off to university soon, and what would his mum do then? ‘I suppose I’ll just call someone,’ she said when David brought conversation. His mum managed a plant nursery and didn’t need computers to run her shop, although it was nice for recording the details of her business 36 . She knew the basics of computers, which satisfied her needs. She had to placing orders online, but when the computer froze up, so did David’s mum. She would just pull out her old-fashioned address book and call suppliers directly. As long as she could rely on a method that was tried and accustomed 38 , computer problems were of little concern. 32 1) revis Ответ: >е 2) affect 3) move 4) adjust 33 1) епгс Ответ: 1 2) embark 3) enlist 4) enter 34 1) whij Ответ: 2) star 3) legend 4) icon 35 1) up 2) forward 3) out 4) round Ответ: 36 1) staff Ответ: 2) contacts 3) personnel 4) links 37 1) done 2) gone 3) grown 4) taken Ответ: 38 1) checked 2) proven 3) known 4) tested Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
fest 11 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться i экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть ! текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала । номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Harry, who writes: / love going to the cinema! I think it's my -favourite thing to do when I go out with friends. I was wondering about your interest in films. What's your favourite type of film and why? What do you think about big, expensive film productions? Do you prefer going to the cinema to watching films at home, and if so, why? Here at home, my dad is building an extension to our house ... Write a letter to Harry. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about his house extension. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. Just as teachers assess their students, so students should assess their teachers. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Раздел 5. Говорение ask 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Jet lag occurs when we travel long distances by plane. Our sleep rhythms are thrown out of balance because we are moving into very different time zones so quickly. The further we travel, the stronger the effect is. Our sleep patterns are deeply affected by sunlight. rlhe light that strikes our eyes sends information to our brains. rIhis data tells us we need to be awake or asleep. If sunlight changes drastically, for example, when we take a twelve-hour flight to a faraway place, it can take days to adjust. The science behind this phenomenon tells us that we should regulate our exposure to sunlight when we travel. An app exists that can be added to a smartphone. It tells you when you need darkness, and when you need light. It can greatly reduce the amount of time it takes to correct jet lag. Task 2 Study the advertisement. Meet and greet with sports legend DANNY NAYLOR You have decided to attend the event and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) autograph signing 2) if photos can be taken 3) time of event 4) location of event 5) many people attending You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 11 Task 3 Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: 1) give a brief description of the photos (action, location) 2) say what the pictures have in common 3) say in what way the pictures are different 4) say which of the exercise routines presented in the pictures you’d prefer 5) explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Exam Skills Development Section 11 Listening: third task A Look at questions 3-9 on page 163 and find words and phrases that have a similar meaning to these words and phrases. 1 underground room 2 specialists __________________ 3 getting back __________________ 4 for less money __________________ 5 pay for __________________ 6 wrapped in __________________ 7 jammed __________________ 8 impact __________________ Section 21 Reading: first task В Read the headings for the task on page 164. In pairs or as a group, write three words you might expect to hear in each text. 1 Living by yourself alone ___________________________________ 2 Personal discoveries 3 A clean home 4 Simple home repairs 5 Difficult travels 6 Personal possessions 7 Living in harmony 8 Difficult tasks C Read the clues and complete the words on the right. 1 a large water container t к 2 something that removes impurities f t_r 3 this takes away used water d in 4 help 5 brother or sister as ce s g 6 something that bothers you nu n e 7 walk around w r 8 start a journey or project em к 9 chosen by chance r m 10 badly judged mi g d 11 something you climb up 1 12 you turn this on to get water t Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: second task D Quickly read the text on page 169 and decide what the following words mean according to the text. Paragraph 1 1 mild A extreme В not very cold 2 current A going on now В movement of water Paragraph 2 3 globe A continent В Earth 4 breezes A big waves В light winds Paragraph 3 5 sandwiched A positioned В eaten
Paragraph 4 6 abundant A a lot of В a little 7 livestock A fruit В animal 8 crop A flower В thing grown for food Paragraph 5 9 annually A every year В usually Paragraph 6 10 heatwave A hot period В warm sea G Decide what clothes would be appropriate for a man and a woman to wear for an interview for these jobs. Then share your ideas with a partner. 1 car mechanic 2 accountant 3 clothes shop assistant 4 lifeguard on a beach 5 computer programmer 1| 26 2 Г 27 3| 28 4 f~29 5 [JO бГзГ E Decide what kind of word fills each gap 26-31. adjective I verb / adverb noun I adverb I adjective adjective / noun / verb noun / adjective / adverb verb / adverb / adjective adverb / adjective / noun Section 41 Writing: second task F In pairs or as a group, decide if you agree with these statements and give reasons. 1 School teachers should always wear formal clothes at school. 2 It doesn’t matter what you look like as long as you do the job well. 3 You should show your personality by what you wear at a job interview. 6 waiter / waitress Section 5 Speaking: fourth task H Look at task 4 on page 173. Choose the correct option. 1 These photos show people hanging / who hanging out in places from different eras. 2 They are dressed in trend / trendy clothing. 3 In / On the right photo, we can see ... 4 It’s a scene from an era that was a long time before / ago. 5 It might be / being from the 1930s. 6 The similar / similarities between the photos are ... 7 The differences / differents are that... 8 I’m think to prefer /1 think I would prefer to ... 9 The reason / explain is that I... 4 What you wear for an interview depends on the type of job. 16
Test 12 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. A drive to a historical monument can be educational. 2. A day trip through soaring heights is quite refreshing. 3. If you live by the sea, you can take a day trip to an island. 4. A day trip to the city is pleasant if you live in the country. 5. A non stop drive through the countryside is fulfilling enough. 6. You can spend a whole day enjoying the activities a national park has to offer. 7. Local areas of fresh water can be a nice place to spend time. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А В С I) Е ][ G Marion was looking forward to her weekend with her grandparents. Marion picked fruit in her grandmother’s orchard. The garden at Marions house is big enough for a few plants. Marions grandmother sells her produce from time to time. Marion doesn’t like cows and pigs. Marion made breakfast for her family on the first day. Henry will go to the farm with Marion next month. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 12 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. 3 What is true about the art in Karen’s gallery? 1) Nothing in the basement was undamaged. 2) Most of the art on the main floor was undamaged. 3) Some basement collections were undamaged. Ответ: — 4 Some of the damaged paintings in Karen’s basement can be repaired ... 1) by Karen herself. 2) by experts. 3) by the artists. Ответ: — 5 Which option does Karen prefer for recovering the cost of the art? 1) Repairing it and selling it at a discount. 2) Waiting for her insurance company to pay in full. 3) Asking the artists to claim on their insurance. Ответ: — 6 An artist that Karen knows ... 1) luckily had her work insured. 2) will need two years to repair the damage. 3) couldn’t afford insurance. Ответ: — 7 What happened to some public works of art? 1) They were damaged in the storm. 2) They were completely lost in the storm. 3) They were placed under protective material. Ответ: — 8 The institute for art conservation ... 1) was extremely busy round the time of the storm. 2) received flood damage as a result of the storm. 3) was physically removing structures from art centres. Ответ: — 9 What does Karen hope will result from the storm? 1) The art world will help communities rebuild. 2) Artists may draw inspiration from the storms effect. 3) People will value art more highly. Ответ: — По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ; ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, f начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры • записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 12 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Living by yourself 2. Personal discoveries 3. A clean home 4. Simple home repairs 5. Difficult travels 6. Personal possessions 7. Living in harmony 8. Difficult tasks A. Setting up an aquarium in your home is a fairly simple process, but maintaining it is important if you want the fish to survive. You’ve got to make sure the water filter gets changed every so often, and you must regularly replace some of the dirty water with fresh water. Doing this ensures the health of your fish; after all, they have to live in that tank! B. There are some things almost anyone can do to improve a bathroom, like installing a new shower curtain. Other things like blocked drains or faulty pipes are more tricky, and usually need the assistance of a professional. They’re probably not jobs you want to undertake on your own, as without skill and experience, you might end up with a disaster like a floor flooded with water. C. Sharing your things with others is a good way to build character and promote generosity. However, you need to have some things that you can say are yours alone, and belong to no one else. This is true for many electronic devices, such as mobile phones and laptops. Having to constantly share something like that with a sibling, for example, can be a nuisance. D. Taking a guided tour can be a hassle-free way of seeing sights in a new town, but there’s a bit of adventure lacking from such things. It’s a great feeling to freely wander round a new city armed with your own map and a keen sense of direction. With a bit of planning and some courage, you might just embark on the most memorable of journeys. E. Caring for fish doesn’t take a lot of know-how; however, certain fish can’t live together peacefully. You should consult an expert who knows about fish and which varieties can happily share space with one another. Some varieties of fish absolutely cannot live with other fish in the tank, so make sure you do your research before you put random fish together. F. Putting your faith in a guided tour can sometimes be... well, misguided. It all depends on how extensive the tour guide’s knowledge of the sights is and how passionate they are about showing them to you. Another problem can be the sheer number of activities packed into the tour. You might find yourself exhausted after the first day. Sometimes quality is better than quantity. G. For many things round the house that need attention, there’s no need to hire a professional. If you’ve got a light fixture that you want to replace, you should be able to climb up a ladder and unhook it as long as you’ve turned the power off. If you’ve got a loose tap, you might be able to fix it with just the use of the right tool. Ответ: A В C D E F G
Test 12 11 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите • цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Anatoli Tarasov It takes a tough coach to lead a team to victory, even though such a coach may bring controversy This was the case for Anatoli Tarasov, one of ice hockeys greatest coaching legends A. Tarasov, a former ice hockey player himself, was tasked with building an ice hockey team from scratch for the Soviet Union after World War II. At that time, ice hockey was not very popular, but Tarasov had fallen in love with it, was particularly skilful at it В. So, Tarasov founded the ice hockey department at CSKA Moscow, the country’s leading sports club. His early career didn’t see a great deal of success, and he was replaced by a rival coach, Arkady Chernyshev, who didn’t fare much better. However, the two men then joined forces and won consecutive titles for over a decade, C. Tarasov had his own style of training his athletes. He focused heavily on simple drills to perfect specific skills and he required all of his players to be in constant motion during the drills, D. Tarasov was an ambitious coach, but his ambitions sometimes displeased others. He once marched his team off the rink in protest at a bad call by a referee. This resulted in his removal as coach, and E. Still intent on being involved with the sport, Tarasov remained a guiding force for the team, often sitting near the coaching bench at subsequent matches. In one particular moment of irritation at witnessing his team gradually losing a match, Tarasov jumped in F. His actions led the team to victory. Despite his controversial nature, he is honoured in the Hockey Hall of Fame for his outstanding contribution to the sport. 1. and seemed to be the perfect choice for leading a team 2. a method that seemed unusual to seasoned teams like the Canadians 3. a second-in-command coach was moved forward to replace him 4. who was sometimes the cause of disagreement around the rink 5. who sporting club members felt was a less controversial coach 6. and took the reins from the existing coach 7. which peaked with the victory at the 1972 Olympic Games А В С D Е F
Test 12 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в попе ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Head boy For Thomas, being chosen as head boy at his school was the greatest honour he had ever known. It was also a huge responsibility, having to represent the school at public events and give speeches on occasion. He looked forward to speaking for his school; he didn’t suffer from the same fear of public speaking that most people in the world possess. He attributed this to his skills in theatre and the number of performances he had participated in since childhood. Becoming head boy had taken quite a lot of convincing on Thomas’s part. When he met the head teacher at his school, a stern but deeply kind lady who prided herself on demanding the best from her students no matter how difficult the challenge, he couldn’t help but feel a bit intimidated. He had to prove to this cornerstone of the teaching establishment that he was fit to lead his students, to listen to their concerns and to put them before his own. He had a difficult task ahead of him, for it was his responsibility to always project the school in a positive light. More than that, he had to promote proper behaviour through setting an example, but also by monitoring the other students and reporting those with less than appropriate mannerisms. While he was well-liked in school, he imagined he would probably make some enemies along the way. At least that’s what his brother had warned him about. Daniel had been his predecessor three years earlier. Naturally, he gave him hints and tips about how to be successful at being chosen as well as fulfilling duties. But the pressure to excel was immense, as the other students tended to watch you like a hawk. They were waiting for you to step out of line, as they feared you might be looking at them the same way. In addition to the general student body, there was the student council to manage. This was the committee of students who had been elected by other students to represent their interests in discussions with the teachers. Thomas had to stay on top of things there as well, to make sure the elected members were fulfilling their duties on the council. It was another layer of responsibility that only a brilliant head boy or head girl could manage. Thomas felt he was up to the challenge, even though his brother conveyed to him that he might run out of steam towards the end of the school year. In addition to his homework assignments, he would be tasked with writing letters to the education ministry to improve school facilities. He would be responsible for leading weekly meetings of the student council, which required a great deal of organising. He would have to organise student volunteer projects and see to it that the young adults with special needs in the local community were included in student events. His evenings and weekends would have to be dedicated to fulfilling these needs. He realised being a successful head boy would demand a considerable sacrifice, but he viewed it as a learning experience that would prepare him for his future. Great things came of head boys and girls, for learning how to be a leader at such a young age paved the way for success in later life. His first duty was to draft a proposal for a Model United Nations conference, in which students would act as delegates from various countries to discuss world issues. It was a tall order for a first assignment, and even though he and the student council seemed eager for the challenge, Thomas knew he had his work cut out for him.
Test 12 12 Thomas believed he would be good at public speaking because ... 1) he was naturally a good speaker. 2) his past experience had prepared him well. 3) he thought it was something that was easy for anyone to do. 4) he had learnt the skill of public speaking as a child. Ответ: 13 14 How does Thomas describe the head teacher? 1) Warm and generous. 3) Unfairly harsh. 2) A bit frightening. 4) Unfriendly. How did Thomas feel other students would view him as head boy? 1) Some may not like him. 2) He would be roundly admired. 3) He would be the most hated kid in school. 4) Students would be insincere towards him. Ответ: Ответ: 15 Thomas’s brother advised him on how to ... 1) get on well with teachers. 2) become head boy. 3) keep up with homework. 4) get out of doing his duties. Ответ: 16 What does the expression ‘run out of steam’ in the fifth paragraph mean? 1) Have no good ideas. 3) Become exhausted. 2) Lose faith in school. 4) Escape a problem. Ответ: 17 As far as the other members of the student council went, Thomas ... 1) worked independently from them. 2) was in charge of making sure they did their jobs. 3) had to answer to their demands. 4) selected the ones he felt would be best for the roles. Ответ: 18 ‘It’ in ‘he viewed it as a learning experience’ in the seventh paragraph refers to ... 1) the things Thomas had to give up. 2) the future he had before him. 3) the things he would be doing that weekend. 4) the role that Thomas had undertaken. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 12 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика । Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. i Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует 1 отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Gap year destination Many young adults who turn 18 take a year off to travel the world. A gap 19 year, as it’s known, can be the time in a young MEMORABLE persons life. Where do most young adults spend this time? It seems that the top spot is usually Thailand, where students can stay cheaply, have a wide variety of activities to take part in and spend loads of time 20 on the beach. RELAX Because Thailand is so popular, it’s likely that young adults 21 other young adults while they’re there. MEET It’s also an opportunity to experience another culture and learn a few words of a foreign language. Bad day Eugene wasn’t having a good day. First, while he was pouring coffee into his mug at home in the morning, his hand slipped and he accidentally 22 coffee all over the kitchen worktop. SPILL He went to wipe up the spill with a sponge and knocked the mug onto the floor, where it broke into several pieces. Upset and 23 , he left home without having any coffee at all. FRUSTRATE At work, he ran into a colleague, literally, and nearly knocked her over. ‘I’m so sorry, Michelle. Are you OK?’ he said quickly. She wasn’t amused and told him to watch where he. GO 25 He wait for the day to end, and just as it did, CAN NOT he realised he had a report to finish. ‘What a terrible day. I should have stayed in bed this morning!’ he said, as he prepared to stay late at work.
Test 12 i Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Weather in the UK For a country so far north, the UK has mild weather in comparison to other countries that share similar latitudes. This is due to warm currents of water that are pushed up from CONTINUAL the central Atlantic Ocean and around the British Isles. And, because it is located in a northern part of the globe and benefits ^7 from breezes, it never really gets too hot, either. COAST In fact, the warmest UK temperature on record is 38.5 degrees Celsius, recorded in Kent, England. This makes for an interesting climate, as the UK is sandwiched between warm and cool air masses. As a result, the skies can be quite cloudy 28 and there is often an of direct sunlight ABSENT throughout the year. Still, the milder weather, abundant rainfall, and fairly gentle landscape allow for a great deal of livestock farming and crop 29~| . PRODUCE While snow falls in Scotland and areas MOUNTAIN on around 40-50 days per year, the south west of England receives snow on only around 10 days annually. 31 And although it does get warm in the summer, a heatwave that lasts more than a few days is fairly. LIKELY
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Alistair’s challenge Alistair had an exciting weekend ahead of him, as the annual bog snorkelling competition - snorkelling along a muddy ditch in the ground - was taking 32 33 his the conditions. Bogs are not known for their crystal clear, debris-free waters, just down the road from his hometown in Wales. He had his snorkelling gear ready to go and was hoping to record of snorkelling 55 metres in 2 minutes 12 seconds. It wasn’t the world record, but it was Alistairs best time. He had competed in the competition every year for the past five years. It had become an obsession of his; you would have to be rather obsessive to | 34 ' and Alistair had got bits of stray plants stuck in his mouth on occasion. But it was a local tradition and it gave Alistair a great sense of pride to compete. Wales had some of the best bogs in the world, and as any dedicated bog snorkeller would say, they’re meant for swimming! Even the local press The competition had grown over the years, and there were now about 200 participants. Although competition. There were people 01/-6Г his eyes across the other entrants, looking 35 the story. Alistair would love to win a race, there would be some | 36 who took it more seriously than Alistair; On the day of the event, Alistair to see who he thought he could beat. Yes, he was friendly with the crowd, but he was a true competitor 37 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 38 heart. 1) event 2) part 3) place 4) action Ответ: 1) break 2) crush 3) split 4) erase Ответ: 1) live 2) go 3) continue 4) endure Ответ: 1) covered 2) wrapped 3) coated 4) enveloped Ответ: 1) severe 2) stiff 3) hard 4) difficult Ответ: 1) tossed 2) cast 3) threw 4) flung Ответ: 1) of 2) in 3) at 4) by Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 12 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 40 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Maggie, who writes: Were writing an essay in class about TV. I wanted to ask your opinion about some things. What's your favourite TV programme and why do you like it? Is there anything you dislike about TV? What kinds of programmes would you like to see more of? Oh. by the way. we have a school dance coming up that I'm excited about... Write a letter to Maggie. In your letter • answer her questions • ask 3 questions about her school dance. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. It’s always best to wear a business suit when you have an interview for a job. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position 171
Test 12 Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Outer space can have a strange effect on living things. A team of astronauts from Japan took seeds from a cherry tree with them on a space mission. After returning, they made an unusual discovery when they planted them. The seeds had been taken from a famous old tree near a temple in Japan. The tree is thought to be over 1,000 years old. Normally, this type of cherry tree does not bloom until after ten full years of growth. When it does bloom, the individual flowers have about 30 petals. The seeds that the astronauts had taken into space grew at a much faster rate. The trees bloomed after just four years of growth. Also, the flowers only contained about five petals each. Scientists cannot explain why this happened. It must have been something the seeds were exposed to in space that changed their growth rate. ask i Study the advertisement. You’re thinking of buying this car and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) age of car 2) condition of car 3) kilometres car has done 4) accidents 5) price You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 12 Task 3 Imagine that some years ago you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the scenes from different eras presented in the pictures you’d prefer to experience • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 13 Language and Exam Skills Development Sectio n 1 Listening: first task A In pairs or as a group, discuss the following questions. 1 What is the most important day in your country? 2 What do you do to celebrate it? 3 How important is it to keep traditional customs? 4 Which custom do you think is particular to your country? В Write a word from the box in each gap to complete the sentences. awkward bow customary embrace fiance float founding ritual split supper 11 was happy to pay, but Kate insisted that we the bill. 2 We always follow the same for Christmas day, and I like this. 3 In our house it’s__________________ to open the presents before the meal. 4 In some cultures you are expected to instead of shaking hands. 5 You must expect some moments when you’re in a totally different culture. 6 At the carnival celebrations, I was on a which went round the streets. 7 My and I are planning a June wedding. 8 We remember the of the city on 23 April and we all have a day off. 9 Some people use the word to mean dinner. 10 It’s important to_______________ the customs of the culture you live in. Section 2 Reading: second task C Quickly read the text on page 179 and decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). Ignore the gaps in the text for now. 1 The Celtic nations are all part of the British Isles. T / F 2 Wales, like Scotland, is a different country within the UK. T / F 3 Most Welsh people want to be totally independent. T/F 4 Welsh is not an official language in Wales. T / F 5 Legal matters must be done in English. T / F 6 ‘Wenglish’ is not an official language. T/F D Read the options after the text and answer the questions. 1 Option 1 What is this option about? A A word В History 2 Option 2 What do you expect to read about immediately before this phrase? A Two languages В More than two languages 3 Option 3 What do you think of which probably refers to? A A country В A group of countries 4 Option 4 What do you expect to read immediately before this phrase? A Something about using languages В Something about culture 5 Option 5 What does the word it probably refer to? A A country В A language 174
Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: third task Write a word from the box in each gap to complete the sentences. Section 4 Writing: first task F Read the first task on page 185. In pairs or as a group, make notes to complete the table about air pollution. arrive come enter take 1 We’ll at the station at about eight. 2 I’ll to pick you up. 3 You don’t need to______________________ many clothes with you. 4 Don’t the classroom until your teacher gets here. all any most some causes health effects solutions 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 5 There isn’t chance of a victory. 6 It’s likely that we’ll lose. 7 In probability, they’ll score first. 8 There’s hope of a draw. G Circle the best phrases for the beginning and ending of a letter. 1 It’s always lovely I love to hear / hearing from you. 2 I’ll try helping / to help you at / with your report. 3 That’s all for I about now. 4 Write to me back / back soon! Section 5 Speaking: first task devote offer put spend 9 I a lot of time to my dogs. 101 more time on them than I should. 11 They me fun and friendship. 121 less time into my studies because of them. H Quickly read the first paragraph of the text about dogs on page 186. Underline the main stressed syllables (not including the numbers) in the sentences below. 1 Dogs are thought to be intelligent creatures. (4 syllables) 2 They can remember approximately 165 words on average. (4 syllables) 3 This includes visual signals and other signs. (4 syllables) 4 A trained dog can learn even more words, up to 250. (4 syllables)
Test 13 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. Everyone gathers near the town’s main road for this custom. 2. On this day, organisers provide amazing displays in the night sky. 3. It is customary during this time for family to gather for a big meal. 4. These days, it’s commonplace to pay your own way when dining out. 5. Sometimes local customs can be replaced by international behaviour. 6. In some cultures, the floor is appropriate seating for a meal. 7. It’s best to follow someone else’s lead if you don’t know a custom. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение A В C D E F G Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. Dana doesn’t have to explain her actions to her parents. James’s brother says that he has done badly in his university exams. James had to study much harder in some school subjects than others. Dana believes becoming a maths professor isn’t a good career. James has written a complete novel. Dana suggests that James could pay someone to help him study. Dana doesn’t enjoy reading any kind of literature. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 13 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. 3 About her current Job, Laura says ... 1) she’s been doing it for fifteen years. 2) she misses certain aspects of her previous job. 3) she had to do additional studying. Why does Laura find TCM interesting? 1) It’s a new trend in her field. 2) It’s a part of her personal life. 3) There are multiple reasons for her interest. Ответ: Ответ: 5 To answer whether TCM works better than western medicine, Laura says ... 1) people who have taken it say different things. 2) there are many studies to prove it does. 3) it works better as long as you take the right amount. Ответ: — 6 What is or would be proof to Laura that TCM works? 1) The thousands of years of usage. 2) The opinion of some doctors. 3) Successful clinical trials. Ответ: — 7 Regarding the goji berry, Laura believes ... 1) it doesn’t help with immune system disorders. 2) a part of it might be effective. 3) a similar berry probably has a similar effect. Ответ: — 8 Why is it difficult to get acceptance for TCM? 1) Western institutions are a bit sceptical about it. 2) The Chinese government keeps it from happening. 3) Western officials think it will harm drug sales. Ответ: — 9 Laura’s personal opinion about TCM is that... 1) she’d really like to know more about it. 2) she’d like to see it offered in hospitals. 3) medical professionals should have more faith in it. Ответ: — По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1и2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 13 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Essential money 2. Appropriate dress 3. Traveller identification 4. Quality maps 5. Skin protection 6. Handy devices 7. Boarding pass 8. Emergency numbers A. Planning for a trip can be almost as exciting as going on it. You imagine how much you’re going to enjoy arriving at your destination, getting settled into your hotel and going out on that first night in a new town. Just make sure you bring the right clothes; even if you travel to a warm location, it might be chilly at night. B. Airports can be dizzying experiences. There are signs and information everywhere, and loads of people running round, trying to do lots of things at once. In this chaos, it’s easy to misplace something, like the piece of paper or card that allows you on the plane. It’s best to keep it in your front pocket so you know where it is and it’s easy to hand it over to the attendant. C. Travel preferences vary widely, but a large percentage of people choose fun and sun. There is lots to be done in preparation for such a trip, but as sun lotion is essential, you should remember to buy that at the very least Buying it at home can save you 30 per cent on the price, and you should buy a new bottle every year, as the old stuff doesn’t protect as well. D. We all prepare for the worst case scenario when we travel abroad, even though we don’t think about it all the time. Most of us have got mobile phones, which keep all our contacts stored for us. But what happens if you lose it? This is why you should also keep a handwritten list. It would be a shame if something terrible happened and you couldn’t reach your own home. E. When you go on holiday, you should never carry a great deal of cash with you, but you need to have some on hand to pay for the odd things at the airport, like meals or last minute travel purchases. Most airports have cash machines, but it might be a good idea to have a small amount in your purse or wallet before you arrive. F. Being in a new city means you’re not likely to know your way around. Walking the streets aimlessly is not ideal or even safe, so you need a paper or electronic guide that shows you where things are and how to get around the streets. It’s especially good if it shows where the hotels, museums and sights of interests are located, and how to find bus routes or metro stations, too. G. Governments have put a lot of effort into travel documents to make sure they’re state-of the art. Nowadays, they come with microchips that contain all of the data in your passport in an electronic form. This is a way to prevent counterfeiting of these documents and to ensure that the holder of the documents is the true owner. It is yet another way to make our travel safer. A В C D E F G
Test 13 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Wales Wales shares a great deal of its history with the rest of Great Britain, but it has its own distinctive identity that is closer to the Celtic regions of the British Isles, such as Ireland, Scotland and Cornwall, and also to Brittany in northern France. These regions make up the Celtic nations, A. Wales, like Scotland and England, is considered to be a country within the country of the United Kingdom. This is because the region is distinctly different from other regions in aspects like history and culture, В. Although Wales is represented in the United Kingdoms House of Commons, the lower house of the UK’s parliament, it is also partly self-governed. Some Welsh people wish for independence, C. Polls show that around 80-90% of Welsh people do not favour separation from the UK. Nearly everyone in Wales speaks English, but Wales is officially a bilingual country, the other official language being Welsh. Wales is known as Cymru in the Welsh language, pronounced ‘kum-ree’, and the Welsh people are known as Cymry, D. Indeed, the influence of the rest of the UK on Wales has been strong and the use of English so widespread that the Welsh language was feared to be dying out. A law passed in 1993 officially placed the Welsh language on a par with English in the country. Court proceedings can be carried out in Welsh or English, E. Furthermore, there are different dialects and forms of pronunciation of Welsh within the country. Differences are noted between the northern and southern regions, and a combination of English and Welsh, commonly known as ‘Wenglish’, has emerged F. 1. which is pronounced in the same way as the country’s name 2. which mixes words, grammar and pronunciation from the two languages 3. of which Wales is an integral and influential part 4. and road signs and public documents are printed in both languages 5. although it doesn’t have embassies and is subject to most UK laws 6. of which a large number of Welsh people approve 7. although support for it is not particularly strong Ответ: A В C D E F
Test 13 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. A banking crisis Becky was in a hurry and really didn’t have the time for sorting out password issues on her computer She had been locked out of her online bank account after entering the password incorrectly more than three times, and she needed to access it to pay bills that were due that day. Aside from being a sloppy typist, the number of times she had to change her passwords left her unable to remember them correctly. It didn’t help that she had a computer file that listed all her current passwords, as she didn’t always update it. So she began the difficult journey of setting up a new password, which only added to her current frustration. She phoned the bank, as she wasn’t able to receive a new one electronically, as per bank policy. Irritating as that was, she pressed on, as she was keen to avoid the massive penalty she’d incur if she paid her bill late. It was a tax bill, after all, and the government never failed to fine those who did not handle their obligations in a timely fashion. She hoped she could avoid having to visit the bank, as it generally had terribly long queues, and as it was getting late in the day, she doubted she’d get served that day anyway. During her phone call she was passed between several different departments, and finally, after being on hold for several minutes and pacing around her flat impatiently, she was greeted with bad news. The bank representative asked for a telephone banking password, which Becky didn’t even know existed. Exasperated, she hung up without even asking what she should do next. It was now all but certain that she would miss the deadline for paying her bill. She could have arranged to pay it late and avoid the penalty, but getting locked out of her online account wasn’t something she’d anticipated. She was deeply unhappy with the level of difficulty she experienced in doing what she believed should have been a simple online transaction. It was a transaction that she had done several times before, with success, but her occasional clumsiness and mild lack of organisation got the best of her that day. Completely focused on the unfairness of it, she gave no consideration to what banks do to protect information, and no thought to what might happen if someone hacked into her bank account and stole her entire savings. In Becky’s mind at that particular moment, it was all about the supreme inconvenience of technology. Passwords had become so much more sophisticated recently, it seemed, so that something as simple as a pet’s name or a date of birth was now considered ‘weak’ and unacceptable to the system. Passwords had to have letters, numbers and one capitalised letter, and this was good for only a short period of time, after which they would need to be changed. Becky had long run out of ideas for new ones, so hers had become a meaningless jumble of numbers and letters. ‘Why couldn’t fill suffice?’ Becky said as she hurled her account details onto the table in the hall. She wasn’t normally so irrational, but her outburst allowed her to let off steam in the only way she felt she could. She phoned up her accountant to see if he could help. His first words were ‘You’ll have to go into the bank to get a new password,’ which merely added fuel to the fire. Becky let out a big ‘Ugh!’ which was OK because her accountant, Kyle, was an old mate from university. She could be really grumpy with him and he’d forgive her. But his very flat, simple response - however innocent - was probably not the best thing for Becky to hear.
Test 13 12 Becky was locked out of her online account because ... 1) she’d completely forgotten her password. 2) her computer suffered a glitch. 3) she had problems typing her password correctly. 4) she owed money to her bank. Ответ: 13 The reason Becky contacted her bank was to ... 1) complain about their service. 2) find out how to access her account. 3) ask questions about their policy. 4) learn what her old password was. Ответ: 14 The bill Becky wanted to pay... 15 1) was already late. 3) was too expensive to pay. 2) didn’t need to be paid for a few days. 4) would cost more if not paid that day. Ответ: What happened when Becky called the bank for help? 1) They refused, on account of her anger. 2) They asked her for information she couldn’t provide. 3) They never responded to her after she’d been on hold for a long time. 4) They told her to phone another department. Ответ: 16 17 ‘It’ in ‘Completely focused on the unfairness of it’ in the fourth paragraph refers to ... 1) Becky’s clumsiness. 2) the difficulty of trying to do a simple transaction. 3) how banks treated their customers. 4) the lack of security for online accounts. Ответ: What kind of passwords would Becky prefer to use? 1) Ones that were connected to her life somehow. 2) The most secure, theft-free password she could think of. 3) The simplest password she could possibly think of. 4) Ones that she could easily change on a regular basis. Ответ: 18 The expression ‘added fuel to the fire’ in the last paragraph means ... 1) deliberately made someone feel angry. 2) did something that made something worse. 3) did something to help a situation. 4) made someone feel better about their mistake. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Michelle’s big night Michelle was quite nervous about her performance in the school play. 19 She thought she would feel, though, if her GOOD brother Frank came to see to the show. She asked him, even begged him to be there, he might just say yes but then not turn up. ‘I promise you, Michelle. I'll be sitting in the front row from the beginning to the end of the play.’ THINK On the night of the show, Michelle did wonderfully. As a show of support, her brother clapped the of everyone LOUD in the theatre. Trans-Siberian Railway Russia’s Trans-Siberian Railway is a source of great pride for the country. 22 No railway in the world goes than this one, FAR stretching 9,289 kilometres to connect Moscow with the Russian Far East. Construction on the line began in 1891 and ended in 1916, at which point Moscow and Vladivostok, a Russian city that lies on the Sea 23 of Japan,by a single railway track. JOIN Linking the two sides of the continent meant that development could accelerate in Siberia. Before the railway, rivers were the main form of transport, and in the winter, people rode horse-drawn carriages over 24 after they had frozen. THEY Nowadays, the Trans-Siberian Railway gives Russians and foreign travellers the chance to see an enormous part of the Russian countryside. More than that, however, agricultural goods and manufactured products 25 across the country on the railway. TRANSPORT
Test 13 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Getting back to nature City life has caused people to lose touch with nature. 26 This is true for children who grow up in cities SPECIAL and never have much of a chance to experience nature aside from public parks. 27 28 29 30 It’s quite different from how many of their parents grew up, when 71% of children regularly played outside. Ask today’s children if they like climbing trees, and it’s that they will ever have tried it. The resulting loss of our childrens with nature means they’re missing out on opportunities to make discoveries about plants and wildlife, and to build a love and respect for the natural world. Instead, children spend a lot of their time watching television, playing video games or surfing the internet. School are beginning to notice this problem and have begun to address it. More and more schools are taking children to nature reserves on school trips in an effort to this lost appreciation of nature. PROBABLE RELATION ADMINISTRATE CLAIM The experience allows children to enjoy some time outside 31 in a way. It helps relieve the pressure that they MEANING face from their studies while providing a learning experience as well.
Test 13 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. The young violinist Gillian’s parents were both musicians, her dad a singer and her mum a violinist. She had realised from a young age that she hadn’t inherited her dad’s voice, but she had quite a talent instruments. So, when Gillian was seven years old, her mum arranged for her to take violin lessons. The teacher was astonished at how skilful Gillian was. ‘In her teacher remarked. By age 11, Gillian was performing in her town’s orchestra and became a featured soloist by age 14. She 32 Paying 33 probability, she will be a huge star one day 34 so much time and effort to her violin studies that her parents felt she wasn’t studying enough. ‘I hate to 35 and play less,’ her mum told her. Gillian, a high-achieving student at school, felt discouraged 36 play the violin more than anything in the world. Because of this, she found herself in quite a dilemma. Should she abandon her lifetime 37 to perform onstage, or should she hold onto it and just let her school marks be above average, rather than excellent? As much as she felt she had a the bad news to you, but you’re going to have to read more this news. She loved to 38 ility to her studies, she chose the latter. She at this decision by telling herself that being an above-average student was something to be very proud of, but being a professional violinist was a dream come true. 32 1) for Ответ: 2) to 3) in 4) of 33 1) any Ответ: 2) some 3) most 4) all 34 1) put Ответ: 2) spent 3) devoted 4) offered 35 1) break Ответ: 2) share 3) spread 4) tell 36 1) by Ответ: 2) towards 3) about 4) over 37 1) objective Ответ: 2) ambition 3) desire 4) spirit 38 1) took Ответ: 2) entered 3) arrived 4) came Но окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 13 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ Ns 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 40 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Mike, who writes: We re doing a report in my science class about air pollution I wanted to ask you a few things about it. What causes of air pollution do you have in your country? Does it affect people's health, and if so. how? What's the best way to fight air pollution? Some happier news is that my class is going on a school trip next week ... Write a letter to Mike. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about his school trip. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. Online news sites are always factual, trustworthy sources of information. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 13 Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Dogs are thought to be intelligent creatures. They can remember approximately 165 words on average. This includes visual signals and other signs. A trained dog can learn even more words, up to 250. Some studies demonstrate that dogs are as clever as a two-year-old child. This has been measured in a couple of ways. Firstly, a dog knows about the same number of words as a child of this age. Additionally, there is a mirror test that is used to measure awareness. Dogs never really understand their reflection in the mirror. They think it’s another dog. Children are like this, too, until they’re about three. Like many other animals, dogs sense some things far better than humans. They’re often able to understand social situations faster, such as who is the most dominant animal in a pack. ask 2 Study the advertisement. Summer fair this Saturday at Pelham Park. You have decided to attend the fair and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) events 2) admission fee 3) items for sale 4) start time 5) type of food You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 13 Task j Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number ... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the safety officers presented in the pictures youd prefer to be • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously. 187
Test 14 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1 Listening: second task A Look at the second task on page 190 and read statements A-G. For each statement, answer the question below. C Read the clues and find seven words in the word search that are connected with hair and haircuts and write them below. 1 A If Lionel bought more than just school clothes, is the answer 1, 2 or 3?________________ 2 В What words can mean people he knew7. If both people mention the same day(s) of the week, does this mean they went shopping at the same time?_______ 4 D If Sonia talked to the man, does this mean the answer is 1? If the answer is 1 or 2, do you expect to hear how long the conversation was?_______ If the man asked questions but not about buying his product, which answer is definitely wrong? If Sonia might be in an advert, does this mean the answer is 1? Г Section 2~1 Reading: third task В In pairs or as a group, say if you agree with these statements. Give reasons. 1 Your hairstyle is an important statement of who you are. 2 You should decide on which hairstyle suits you and stick with it. 3 A new hairstyle can make you feel differently about yourself. 4 It’s always better to have short hair. 5 You should let the hairdresser decide what style suits you. 6 It’s natural to feel nervous when you change your hairstyle. c H О P A s Y о c U T T H A M и P T R I M в R U s H N Y p L A I T Y S 1 a strong cut c_______ 2 cutting the ends t______ 3 making not straight c______ 4 make long hair into a twisted tail p_________ 5 bright s_________ 6 use a thing which has teeth c______ 7 do this to your hair instead of 6 b Grammar and vocabulary: first task D Read the text on page 196. For each gap in the text 19-25, decide if these statements Section 3 are true (T) or false (F). We need the passive here. T / F We need the -ed form here. T / F We need the comparative form here. T / F We need the present simple form here. T/F 5 23 We need a reflexive pronoun here. T / F 1| 19 21~~20 3| 21 4 22 6 24 7 25 We need a simple form here. T/F We need a continuous form here.T / F 3 C 5 E 6 F 7 G
Section 41 Writing: second task E Read the second task on page 199. Imagine you are a famous person. Complete the statements with the verbs in the box. demand follow keep learn remain sell suffer 1 People want to about every aspect of my private life. 2 Why should photographers me around everywhere I go? 3 I a certain level of privacy for my family. 4 Why should my children from the pressures of fame? 5 We should some things private. 6 Family life should private. 7 They the photos and I get nothing. F In pairs or as a group, list the arguments for and against famous people being able to keep their private lives private. Section 51 Speaking: third task G Look at the first photo for Task 3 on page 201. Order the words. 1 showing I I’m / you / because / the photo / interesting / it’s 2 my house / near I this / a stray cat / stray / a photo / is / in the street / of 3 time I difficult / a / imagined /1 / it / food I finding / had 4 this photo / took / in case / mentioned that / someone / a cat / lost / they’d / I H Choose the best option. 11 took I was taken it last year. 2 I filled I felt / fell sorry for him. 3 Someone from an animal shelter came to pick up him / pick him up. 4 It’s sad when people don’t look after properly animals / animals properly. 5 He looked fairly healthy, although I despite he was a bit skinny. 189
Test 14 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. Summer camps are a great place to work and have fun. 2. Tending gardens can be a good way to earn money in the summer. 3. Working at an amusement park is as fun as it sounds. 4. Looking after peoples pets can earn you some extra cash. 5. Shops popular with tourists always need extra hands in the summer. 6. If you’ve got the training, you could work at a pool. 7. You could always fill in for someone while they’re on holiday. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А Ё[ С D Е F G Lionel was only allowed to buy school clothes on his shopping trip. Lionel saw some people he knew while shopping. Sonia didn’t go shopping at the same time as Lionel. Sonia wanted to talk to the man selling phone packages. Sonia spoke to the phone salesman for about five minutes. The man never asked Sonia to purchase a mobile phone package. Sonia hopes she will appear on TV in a mobile phone advert. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 14 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. How did Robin measure the amount of homework students had to do? 1) By the level of difficulty of the homework. 2) By the amount of materials they were given. 3) By how long it took them to do it. Sixteen per cent of primary schoolchildren ... 1) had no homework. 2) spent an hour on homework. 3) spent more than an hour on homework. Ответ: Ответ: What percentage of secondary schoolchildren took half an hour to do their homework? 1) 13%. 2) 20%. 3) 40%. Ответ: Concerning the amount of homework students actually did, Robin noticed ... 1) they did more reading than they were asked to do. 2) they often didn’t do their maths. 3) they did much less homework than they were given. What did students complain about concerning homework? 1) They were always given too much. 2) It took a long time to get it marked. 3) Teachers would give too much feedback. Ответ: Ответ: The relationship between school attitudes and homework involvement was ... 1) very surprising. 2) not recorded. 3) fairly predictable. Ответ: What did Robin discover about group work? 1) Groups of three perform better than other group sizes. 2) High achievers greatly excel in group work. 3) The larger the group, the better the result. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ Ns 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 14 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8 Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Safety gear 2. Dangerous foods 3. Spring dance 4. High speed chase 5. Spring irritations 6. Chasing after danger 7. Safety first 8. Food fight A. While they know it’s wrong to do, and it should result in punishment for all involved, students occasionally throw their lunch at one another. You’ve seen it in films, and while it rarely happens in real life, it must happen from time to time, mustn’t it? It looks quite fun to do, although not so much fun for the school’s housekeeping staff who have to clean up the mess. B. When fighting forest fires, firemen face some of the most dangerous conditions that any person could face. Temperatures soar to heights that the human body can’t handle, which is why firemen must wear heavy, flame-resistant clothing. Falling debris is a problem, too, as branches snap from the trees and fall to the ground, so helmets are essential to protect the head. C. Many people suffer from allergies, which can be caused by a number of things. Probably the worst time of the year for sufferers is after winter has finished and temperatures begin to rise. Trees grow leaves, flowers bloom, and all of this places particles in the air that get up our noses and cause us to itch, sneeze, cough and get watery eyes. D. How many personality types are there? Some say there are up to nine, but surely there are more than that. One personality type describes people who are always cautious. These people are careful to stay out of danger and they avoid risk at all costs. They might seem rather conservative, but these people have an important function. They’re the ones that are going to keep us safe above all. E. Health professionals and nutritionists have recently discovered that wheat can actually cause an allergic reaction in some people. Its a shame, really, because this means that these people have to avoid eating bread, pasta, cakes and many other basic staples. Eating these foods can cause coughing, clogged nasal passages and even skin rashes. Luckily, there are medications that can lessen the effects of wheat allergies. F. When April and May come round, some schools prepare a special occasion where students can relax and have a good time. Students dress up in nice outfits, meet in the school hall and enjoy listening to music from a DJ or a local band. It’s an opportunity for them to show off their moves on the floor and really let loose. G. Some people have a personality type that pushes them to task risks. They’re the type of people who take great pleasure in doing dangerous things, such as bungee jumping, rock climbing or racing cars. Playing it safe is just not in their nature, so while they enjoy the greatest thrills in life, they sometimes get themselves in a bit of trouble. Ответ: A В C D E F G
Test 14 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Hermitage Museum One of Russia’s crowning achievements is the Hermitage Museum, a complex of large and impressive neoclassical buildings located in St Petersburg. The museum was created in 1764 by Catherine the Great and it contains over 3 million items, A. As well as housing the Hermitage Museum, the imperial family of Russia made their home on the complex, in the Winter Palace, from 1732 to 1917. It was from this location that the emperors of Russia ruled over lands В. 'lhe museums massive collection of paintings was started by Catherine the Great, when she purchased either 225 or 317 paintings (sources do not agree) from a merchant in Germany C.The paintings included works by Rembrandt, Rubens, van Dyck and Raphael. The operation of the museum during its early years consisted of hundreds of people employed by the Russian monarchy. The complex was also the location of several important events and festivals held by the Russian royal family D. Together with the large collection of art, the complex became a symbol of Russian pride. The ownership of the Hermitage Museum, its contents and its buildings passed to the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution of 1917. While some of its possessions were sold secretly, most of the collection remained intact E. Many works were shipped off for protection during the Second World War. In the 1990s it was revealed that the Hermitage Museum held collections from Germany that had been confiscated by the Red Army. They are an important collection of French Impressionist and post Impressionist artwork F. In 1995 they were displayed for the first time since the war ended. 1. who had compiled a collection initially intended for the king of Prussia 2. and attended by the various nobility of the country 3. including the largest number of paintings of any museum in the world 4. who managed to hide much of the art from invading armies 5. originating from private collections taken during the war 6. and the Soviet government maintained the complex as a public museum 7. that spanned almost one sixth of the Earths surface area Ответ- A В C D E F
Test 14 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. A big change Julie had had long hair since she was 8 years old. She used to keep it plaited during the summer and occasionally she would curl it for a special occasion. She didn’t mind the time it took to take care of it, and actually took great pride in keeping it healthy, shiny and well brushed. But she had just turned 17, and she was beginning to feel that her hair was a symbol of her childhood, holding her back from being the young adult she wanted to be. So she booked an appointment at her hair salon and told her hairdresser of her plans. She arrived at the salon full of both excitement and concern, that somehow she was beginning a new phase of her life, but she would look radically different. It seemed both simple and complex at the same time: she considered it simple when she wanted to calm her nerves about taking a big step, but it became complex when she thought about how she was losing something that had been a part of her for so long. When her hairdresser called her into the chair, Julie got a sick feeling in her stomach, but she tried to tell herself, ‘It’s just a haircut’, and she must have repeated that to herself ten times by the time she made it to the chair. Her hairdresser asked her how she was feeling, and there was no covering it up: ‘I’m nervous!’ she replied. Her hairdresser asked her if this is what she really wanted to do, and whether perhaps they should just do a trim. Julie said in her most convincing voice - in an effort to convince herself most of all - ‘No, it’s time to let go.’ Her hairdresser combed her hair, taking a few moments to do so, and with each passing moment, Julie was on tenterhooks, knowing that the hairdresser’s hands would soon be holding scissors which would slice through her hair, taking just seconds to do so Her hairdresser asked her how school was, and Julie replied without thinking, ‘It’s fine. I’ve got a lot of difficult classes and I’m quite busy all the time.’ The truth was that she found her classes to be quite easy and she was busy sometimes, but not all of the time. She didn’t know why she’d lied - she simply couldn’t concentrate on anything other than what the hairdresser was about to do. Her hairdresser put the comb down and picked up the scissors. ‘This is the moment of truth. Are we going ahead then?’ her hairdresser asked sincerely. Julie took a deep breath and nodded her head affirmatively Her hairdresser took each section of hair at a time and chopped several centimetres off. It was soon done, but the sense of relief that Julie had hoped would come over her, didn’t. It remained far from her, and she was even more nervous than before. Her hairdresser finished trimming the ends so that the style was even, and she cut some of the hair around Julie’s face so that her face was better framed. Julie looked in the mirror, if only for a brief moment, and she felt like a totally different person, but less confident than she’d imagined and more like someone who was unsure of the world. Her hairdresser, sensing Julie’s unease, told her she’d get used to it and assured her she looked beautiful. Those kind words were quite helpful for Julie’s mood, and as she left the salon, she began to forget about her nervousness. In fact, after walking down the street a few blocks, she randomly caught her reflection in a window. She saw the person she had wanted to see all along, and she finally felt satisfied with her decision.
Test 14 12 Julie’s opinion of her long hair was that it was ... 1) unhealthy. 3) beautiful. 2) a mature style. 4) tiresome. Ответ: 14 15 What helped Julie to feel less worried about her upcoming haircut? 1) Giving it a great deal of thought. 2) Thinking of it as if it was no big deal. 3) Discussing it with her hairdresser. 4) Arriving at the hair salon. On the way to the hairdresser’s chair, Julie ... 1) tried to talk herself out of having the haircut. 2) spoke continually to the hairdresser. 3) managed to make herself feel better. 4) did what she could to calm down. The expression ‘on tenterhooks’ in the fourth paragraph means ... 1) sitting on something uncomfortable. 2) becoming more certain about a decision. 3) being excited about an event. 4) feeling worried about an upcoming result. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: 16 17 Why did Julie tell her hairdresser something untrue about her studies? 1) She didn’t want to reveal details about her life. 2) She didn’t realise what she was saying at the time. 3) She thought it would make her sound more confident. 4) She always told lies when she was nervous. ‘It’ in ‘told her she’d get used to it’ in the last paragraph refers to ... 1) feeling less confident. 2) feeling that she was beautiful. 3) looking after her new style. 4) looking very different from before. Ответ: Ответ: 18 The first two occasions when she saw herself after her haircut gave Julie ... 1) different feelings. 3) positive feelings. 2) similar feelings. 4) negative feelings. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 14 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Sepak takraw Have you heard of sepak takraw? It's a sport in Southeast Asia which 19 like volleyball, except players use their feet PLAY to kick the ball and not their hands. 20 The sport has been around since the 15th century, with records that it was played by one of the royal families of the Malay region at that time. SHOW The word sepak’ is Malay for ‘kick’ and ‘takraw’ is Thai for ‘woven ball’; thus, the name of the sport literally means ‘kick ball’. The combination of these words from different languages represents a symbol of solidarity 21 between two of the countries in the region. POWERFUL A special occasion Sarah and John worked for a transport service helping elderly people 22 get round town. It was Friday and they through DRIVE heavy London traffic to get to Ms Harris’s house to take her to her doctor’s surgery. When they arrived, they rang the bell and were greeted by Ms Harris. ‘Please, come inside. I’m not quite ready to leave, so have a seat and make 23 comfortable,’ she said. YOU They sat in her living room and waited, but after about fifteen minutes, 24 they started to worry. ‘Maybe she down and she FALL can’t get up’ said Sarah. Just then, they heard Ms Harris coming down the stairs. She was wearing a black evening gown and a diamond tiara. Sarah and John 25 were surprised and thought Ms Harris a mistake. When John asked where they were going, Ms Harris replied, ‘To Dr Amherst’s surgery. I’m his date for the awards ceremony honouring his work!’ MAKE
Test 14 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. British English British English is a form of English used in many parts of the world. Generally, areas of the world that have been strongly influenced by the British, such as the Commonwealth Nations, or areas that 26 are closer to the UK than the United States, GEOGRAPHY use and study this form of English. 27 Because of the UK’s influence on the world for hundreds of years, British English has become a(n) language, NATIONAL along with American English. 28 Many phrasal verbs, idioms and other have slightly different wording in other forms of English. The phrasal verb get on in British English, meaning have a good relationship, is get along’ in American English, for example. EXPRESS 29 Differences between the forms have also resulted in many students writing words when they try to write in one form or the other. SPELL 30 British English is the official form of English used in the European Union, along with 24 other languages. This was made in 1973, when the UK joined the European Community. EFFECT 31 Culturally, British English is thought to be the most definitive form of the English language. The dozens of distinct accents in the UK add another level of to the language. RICH 197
Test 14 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. A medical question Raymond left in the morning for his job at a research lab. He had been working in the lab for six months and felt he had really settled 32 . His colleagues were a great bunch of guys and everyone got on well. He’d had fears before he began his job that some of his co-workers might be too uptight and One day, they held a study which involved a new heart medication. A group of individuals had volunteered for the study and they arrived to get ready. Raymond and one of his colleagues, Miranda, were responsible 34 | doing a few tests before the study started. They first asked the volunteers a question asked if they had any metal parts inside their bodies. Regardless of how they answered, Raymond had to ask all the volunteers to walk through metal detectors. Three volunteers that he had no metal in his body. 33 their work too seriously. 35 of questions about their medical history. One 36 the machine’s alarm, but one man who set it off | 37 Miranda pulled Raymond to one side and said, ‘I can see something in his hair that’s used to cover up the thinning. You know, spray-on hair? Well, that stuff is basically tiny flecks of metal and glue. The man doesn’t want to tell us that because he’s embarrassed, I’m sure!’ 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 The two of them had to work out a way of [ 38 volunteer. the issue without 1) in 2) on 3) out 4) to Ответ: 1) make 2) take 3) do 4) have Ответ: 1) to 2) with 3) for 4) in Ответ: 1) row 2) column 3) sequence 4) series Ответ: 1) triggered 2) prompted 3) generated 4) produced Ответ: 1) demanded 2) insisted 3) required 4) enforced Ответ: 1) rising 2) raising 3) lifting 4) pushing Ответ: upsetting the По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 14 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 40 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Rhonda, who writes: I've recently started a blog. I've been posting the things I've been doing at school, after school and at weekends. I'm curious to know about your favourite activities. What was the last activity you did over the weekend that was special to you. and why? What sort of things do you do with friends after school? What fun activities have you recently done at school? &uess what! I met my favourite singer at the local music shop ... Write a letter to Rhonda. In your letter • answer her questions • ask 3 questions about her favourite singer. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. Famous people must learn to expect that their lives will never be private. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 14 Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Cameras have changed a lot in the last hundred years. Most cameras made today are digital and can easily fit in your hand. Mobile phones often double as cameras. The quality of these types of cameras has improved significantly too. We are even beginning to see cameras installed in eyewear. Researchers have built cameras so small, they can fit on the frame of a persons glasses. These cameras can even record video. It’s like something out of a spy novel, except it’s now a reality. A consumer can actually buy a pair of glasses such as these. Even more remarkable is the idea of placing a camera in a contact lens. It has been done, although the technology is in its early stages. The makers hope it can help blind people to detect things around them. There are no plans to turn it into a consumer product, at least not yet. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You have decided to buy a flower arrangement from the shop and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) types of arrangements offered 2) delivery service 3) delivery included in price 4) plants also sold 5) other products You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 14 Task 3 Imagine that some years ago you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... Task 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the cars presented in the pictures you’d prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Test 15 Language and Exam Skills Development Section 1| Listening: third task К Read questions 3-9 on page 205. In pairs or as a group, discuss these questions. Give reasons. 1 What do you think Paul’s job is? 2 What kind of people does he work with? 3 What kind of help does he give them? В Listen to the beginning r of the interview. Then discuss the three questions in Exercise A again. [Section 2 Reading: second task C Quickly read the text on page 207 and decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F). Ignore the gaps for now. 2 Gap В A Other foods without yolks В Supplies of egg whites 3 GapC A The uses of egg whites В A contrast between price and supply 4 Gap D A 'Ihat restaurants use yolks В That restaurants don’t use yolks 5 Gap E A Something negative about yolks and health В Something positive about yolks and health 6 Gap F A A negative comment on flavour В A positive comment on flavour 1 Egg whites are thought to be healthier than the yellow yolks. T / F 2 Omelettes are the only food so far affected by the trend. T / F 3 Egg whites are more expensive now. T / F 4 Yolks cant be used on their own. T/F 5 There’s nothing good to be said for yolks. T / F 6 A negative thing about egg whites is the taste. T / F D Look at the gaps in the text. What might you expect to read after each gap? 1 Gap A A More information about egg whites В Information about yolks Section 3 Grammar and vocabulary: second task E Read the text with questions 26-31 on page 211. Look at the words on the right which you have to change and decide what part of speech is needed to fill each gap. singular noun / plural noun singular noun I plural noun verb / adverb / adjective I noun positive adverb / negative adverb I positive adjective / negative adjective positive adverb I negative adverb I positive adjective I negative adjective adjective / adverb / noun / verb 1| 26 2 [~~27 3 |~28 4П29 5 30 6 31 F Complete the table. noun verb positive adjective negative adjective positive adverb negative adverb develop X X invent progress science X practical X X eventual X X 202
Section 4 Writing: second task G Read the second task on page 213. In pairs or as a group, discuss these questions. 1 What’s the best live music performance you’ve been to? 2 Where was it and who played? 3 What was particularly good about it? 4 Who would you most like to see in concert? Why? 5 How do you usually listen to music? H Tick (•/) the best category for each statement and add two statements of your own. Studio recordings Live performances 1 The sound quality is better. 2 There’s more atmosphere. 3 Artists can play the songs differently each time. 4 There are no mistakes. 5 It’s more than just the music. 6 You can get more musical effects. 7 8 Section 5 Speaking: fourth task I Look at the two photos for Task 4 on page 215. Tick (✓) the statements which give good advice for the task. 1 Only talk about the differences. 2 Talk about the similarities and differences. 3 Only talk about what you can see. 4 Talk about what you imagine the interiors are like. 5 Talk about what they are probably used for. 6 Don’t talk about what you are not sure of. 7 Talk about what it might be like to live or work there. 8 Don’t give your opinions about the style. J Complete the sentences with the words in the box. brand conveniences elegant equipped issue lacks need 1 Here we have a new office tower. 2 I’m sure it’s got all the modern that businesses need. 3 It’s probably with air-conditioning. 4 I think it looks very. 5 The exterior is in of a few repairs. 6 I imagine it modern facilities. 7 Safety might be an building. in this
Test 15 Раздел 1. Аудирование Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. We sometimes enjoy it when celebrities make mistakes. 2. Celebrities can seem like normal people, but they are more than that. 3. A few celebrities simply aren’t worth their pay. 4. Some celebrities spend their lives hiding from the media. 5. Sometimes we expect too much from celebrities. 6. People do ridiculous things just to meet a celebrity. 7. You never know when you’re going to encounter someone famous. Говорящий A В С D E F Утверждение Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды. А ¥ £ D £ £ G Mike’s brother doesn’t live in Mike’s home. Mike is used to eating homemade spaghetti sauce. Tracy prefers spaghetti sauce from a jar to homemade sauce. Tracy has learnt some basic cooking tips. Mike’s mum wishes he’d gone to cookery school like his brother. Mike found preparing the chicken dinner easy to do. Mike made a mess of the dinner he made with his brother. Утверждение A В С D Е F G Соответствие диалогу
Test 15 5 6 7 8 9 Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. Paul helps actors to ... 1) sound more educated. 2) perfect regional or historical accents. 3) learn different languages. Paul usually meets actors for the first time ... 1) at his home. 2) during filming. 3) before filming. What does Paul say about American opera singers? 1) They learn how to sing in a foreign opera quickly. 2) It can be a challenge to help them sing in foreign operas. 3) They often sing foreign operas better than the natives do. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: If an actor can’t do an accent well, Paul says the problem is caused by ... 1) himself. 2) the production company. 3) the actor. What happens when an actor is only 99% correct with an accent? 1) His or her efforts are still praised. 2) Audiences are disappointed. 3) No one can notice the imperfection. Paul helps language learners ... 1) through lessons on his website. 2) in one-to-one sessions. 3) in the school where he teaches. How do foreigners sometimes make mistakes with the‘t’ in English? 1) They produce the sound wrongly. 2) They miss it out altogether. 3) They put it in the wrong places. Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1и2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 15 Раздел 2. Чтение Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Cities from above 5. Famous residences 2. River crossings 6. Underground travels 3. Honouring peace 7. A famous fight 4. Historic towns 8. High-rise living A. Great historical battlegrounds are often marked on maps so people can visit them and learn about the sacrifices others made for a cause. In Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, USA, is the site of the Battle of Gettysburg, which was a turning point m the American Civil War. The area is now preserved as a national landmark in memory of an important time in American history. B. Some very famous people have had their birthplaces turned into museums. This is true of Elvis, the ‘king’ of rock and roll, who was born in Memphis, Tennessee. Visitors can enter his home and see where he slept, ate, and spent his free time. In England, one of the many examples of this is in Portsmouth, where people can visit the birthplace of Charles Dickens, which is also a museum. C. Visiting a famous tower or high-rise building has the added bonus that not only can you view the building, but you can go to the top and view an entire city. Take the Eiffel Tower or the Empire State Building, for example. Both are located in famous cities, both are majestic to see from the ground, and both allow visitors to climb to the top and see for kilometres in every direction. D. High in the Peruvian Andes lies Machu Picchu, an Inca settlement founded hundreds of years ago. People from all over the world flock to this site because it is one of the most peculiar settlements of any ancient civilisation. Situated almost 2,500 metres above sea level, it was a difficult place to reach all those many years ago, and the views of the settlement are breath-taking. E. Located in northern Greece are a number of bridges that have fascinated architects for years. People in the field often travel to study these bridges, which are a marvel to look at, to imagine how they were built hundreds of years ago. The techniques used to build them are still applicable today, and aside from their marvellous construction, they are located in rugged terrain that is equally stunning to view. E Cities in the world that have existed for thousands of years - think Athens, Rome, Cairo and Damascus - have areas today that are considered bld towns’, which have a great deal of character and are magnificent to wander around. While the old towns haven’t existed as long as the cities have been inhabited, they were built hundreds of years ago and give those who visit them a taste of a different era. G. Many of the world’s greatest cities have massive structures built to commemorate a turning point in a country’s history. Paris’s Arc de Triomphe honours victory in the French wars and Napoleonic wars that occurred at the turn of the 19th century. Berlin’s Brandenburg Gate was built as a symbol of peace in 18th-century Prussia. Aside from honouring history, they are attractive monuments and give an air of grandeur to their cities. Ответ: A В C D E F G
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Egg whites Health-food crazes change not only the eating habits of a lot of people, but also the supply and demand of food. It has recently become quite popular to order omelettes made with egg whites only, A. Because of their supposed health benefits, and because the yolk is high in fat and cholesterol, the whites are in high demand and the yolks are being tossed aside. And the trend doesn’t just affect omelettes. Health-conscious Americans have moved beyond the yolk- free omelette В. Although not so much of a problem in the UK, as the egg-white craze hasn’t really taken off there yet, the US is facing a shortage of egg whites. Egg suppliers there have noted an increase in the sales price of egg whites to nearly double what it was in the recent past, C. A curious question is where all the unused yolks go. Considering that it’s such a huge waste, one might wonder how responsible this eating habit is for the world’s food supply. One company that supplies egg whites says that every single yolk that they separate from the egg is sold to other food companies. Still, for restaurants that buy whole eggs and discard the yolks to make their omelettes, D. On top of that, recent studies have demonstrated that egg yolks are not that bad for you. In fact, the yolks, although fatty and higher in calories, contain all the nutrients, E. Nonetheless, the egg-white craze may be here for a while. Supporters claim there’s no better way to get the amount of protein an egg white provides, without calories or fat. The only deterrent could possibly be flavour, F. 1. and the role they play in raising cholesterol in our bodies is small 2. the bulk of the yolks are seen going down the drain 3. the clear part of the egg which is fat-free and high in protein 4. as egg whites are not known to be full of it 5. to demand egg white-only burritos, sandwiches and shakes 6. the worldwide demand for egg whites seems to be on the rise 7. and supplies of egg whites are at an all-time low Ответ: A В C D E F
Test 15 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. A cat’s adventures When we first got our cat Gina, I thought taking care of her would be a rather leisurely activity. But Gina has the most peculiar of behaviours, and I’m not just referring to her tendency to chase after the occasional trapped house fly or her love of licking drips from the sink tap. She does something that I imagine few other cats in the world would do. If you can believe this, she commutes by bus every single day to the zoo to gaze at wild animals. Gina’s story is so incredible she’s even been featured on the national TV news. She’s been filmed hopping onto the bus, which comes like clockwork every day to the stop two blocks down the street from our house. It doesn’t even pass by our house; I can’t imagine how she found the stop. Actually, there are many things I can’t imagine about this scenario, such as how she knows the bus schedule or where the stop for the zoo is. We’re never even taken her to the zoo. Why on earth would we? And surely we would have gone by car rather than by bus if we had It’s anyone’s guess how long she had been doing it before we realised what was going on. She’d scratch at the door m the morning for us to let her out. I would see her trot out of the garden and down the street, but I never thought anything of it. After a while, I began to notice that she’d be gone for several hours, but would always return at 4 pm, hungry. I started to suspect something when it occurred to me that she was leaving the house at exactly the same time every day. I decided to investigate this odd routine. One day I waited until she was just out of sight. I snuck out of the house, careful not to make any noise to disturb her. 1 left the property from the same place as she did. I spotted her a block down, her tail fluffing up m the air as she looked both ways before crossing to the next block. ‘We teach our kids that, not our cats!’ I thought to myself. At any rate, when she got a bit further ahead, I saw her arrive at the bus stop. I stood very still, not taking my eyes off her for a second. Then the bus came, the doors opened, and she just jumped right in. I couldn’t believe it! Standing there dumbfounded, I realised something that made my eyes widen and my eyebrows rise - there were no passengers waiting at the stop. Why did the bus even stop? So, in my distressed state, my knee-jerk reaction was to, well, run after the bus! I ran like an Olympic sprinter, and luckily there was little traffic at the junctions. I finally caught up with the bus at a red light. I banged on the door, the driver opened it and there was Gina, perched on the dashboard. She saw me and miaowed. ‘My cat! I shrieked. ‘How is this possible?’ The driver said she had been doing it for months, getting off at the zoo, and getting back on later in the day. I grabbed her, took her home and apologised for my frantic behaviour, but the next day she was off again, so I decided to pay a visit to the zoo, to see just exactly what she was getting up to on the next stage of her daily adventure...
Test 15 12 The author originally thought that cats ... 1) would display challenging behaviour. 3) were very strange animals. 2) would all be very alike. 4) would be easy to look after. Ответ: 13 Which of the following is true about Gina’s zoo trips? 1) The author understands how Gina has managed to do it. 2) Her antics have been seen by a great many people. 3) The author has passed by the zoo with Gina in her car. 4) The author has taken Gina to the zoo by bus before. Ответ: 14 The author realised there was something funny about Gina when ... 1) she noticed that Gina wasn’t eating properly. 2) Gina started asking to go out. 3) she saw Gina leave her garden every day. 4) she realised Gina was following some sort of schedule. Ответ: 15 How did the author follow her cat to the bus stop? 1) She walked right behind her and let her lead the way. 2) She watched her progress from the end of her garden. 3) She stayed some distance behind her cat all the way to the stop. 4) She chased after her when she saw the bus coming. Ответ: 16 The author’s face showed the greatest reaction when ... 1) the bus stopped specifically for the cat. 2) her cat looked both ways to cross the street. 3) her cat calmly got onto the bus. 4) the other passengers paid no attention to the cat. Ответ: 17 What does the expression ‘knee-jerk reaction’ in the fifth paragraph mean? 1) Running off very quickly. 3) Making a bad decision. 2) Doing something without thought. 4) Following a well-thought-out plan. Ответ: 18 ‘This’ in ‘How is this possible?’ in the last paragraph refers to ... 1) the fact that the author had found her cat. 2) the drivers actions. 3) the cat’s behaviour. 4) the bus company’s policy. Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 15 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25. Henry’s best friend Henry’s best friend Stan had moved to another town during the previous 19 school year. Henry missed his friend, but he HAVE a birthday party soon and he hoped that Stan would be able to make it. 20 The party was set for the following weekend. Henry SEND Stan an email several days earlier, but he wasn’t sure if Stan’s computer was up and running yet, and Stan wasn’t always the best at returning emails. Nonetheless, Henry had a good feeling about seeing his friend. After the party had been going for about an hour, Henry saw Stan walk 21 through the door.‘I knew you!’Henry said, COME and gave his friend a hug. Wind farms It seems that wind energy has found a friend in the UK. 22 A new study shows that wind farms are the type POPULAR of renewable energy source among the British. Two thousand people were asked about their preferences for energy sources. Nearly 50% of them said they would welcome wind farms even 23 if they within seven kilometres of their home. CONSTRUCT Coal-powered energy is less favourable to people, as only 20% of citizens 24 prefer to have this type of power source in THEY neighbourhood. Despite the preference for wind farms, the UK government isn’t keen 25 on farms to be built inland. The aim is to build ALLOW offshore wind farms and to use land for other purposes.
Test 15 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was a Russian scientist. He worked during 26 the late 19th and early 20th century on the of theories in rocket science and space flight, and is considered one of the pioneers of astronautics. His work with rockets can be easily seen today. The jet engines that steer rockets in space were developed by Tsiolkovsky, and the airlocks that allow astronauts to enter and exit space were 27 his as well. Tsiolkovsky often had trouble getting funding for his projects. 28 He was quite for his time, and the Russian science programmes didn’t always believe in his work. In 1903 he published an article which proved that rockets could fly into 29 space. Although it is now a basic principle, no one in his field appreciated the article when it was written. Many of Tsiolkovsky s ideas went on to be used in rocket science and space travel. Like most scientists, though, some of his ideas were 30 considered and were ignored as a result. 31 One such idea stated that humans would move to other parts of our galaxy to live. Science is still a long way off that, but the idea is still alive. DEVELOP INVENT PROGRESS SCIENCE PRACTICAL EVENTUAL
Test 15 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Chess champion Arthur was a chess champion who was so far undefeated in any tournament hed entered. He was also someone his entire country could take great 32 in, as he had been much talked about in the press as a chess genius His next tournament was unlike any other he had faced. With much reservation, he had finally decided to 33 a match where his opponent was a computer Although Arthur had a reputation 32 to 33 for beating his opponents quickly, he knew this time would be different. Arthur wouldn’t be the first chess player to do battle with a computer. There was Garry Kasparov, who competed 34 the computer Deep Blue in 1996. He ultimately won that tournament, but lost a year later. Arthur had not lost a single tournament yet, so to choose to battle a computer could be a big mistake. But, considering he had 35 he turned up the pressure. The day of the tournament came, and Arthur suffered huge disappointment. He lost both matches that day, which upset him greatly, and he almost felt like throwing in the 37 the rest of the tournament. Rather than be a 38 loser, however, Arthur got back out there the next day. He lost three matches, but won the very last one. Although this victory was bittersweet, Arthur was happy that he’d won at least one match. off so many human competitors, Arthur imagined it was about 36 38 and not finishing 32 1) hope 2) strength 3) faith 4) pride 33 Ответ: 1) agree 2) accept 3) admit 4) approach 34 Ответ: 1) against 2) over 3) around 4) aside 35 Ответ: 1) seen 2) taken 3) won 4) made 36 Ответ: 1) time 2) hour 3) moment 4) point 37 Ответ: 1) rag 2) cloth 3) towel 4) shirt 38 Ответ: 1) sad 2) bad 3) poor 4) ill Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Test 15 Раздел 4. Письмо Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону. 39 40 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Ed, who writes: / ve started jogging in the mornings before school. I've been waking up really early to do it, but I love it. I wanted to ask you about what people do for fitness in your country. What places are there in your town that can help you keep fit? How often do you think people should work out during the week, and why? What's one way you can make a workout enjoyable? My most exciting news is that I've recently become head boy at my school ... Write a letter to Ed. In your letter • answer his questions • ask 3 questions about his role of head boy. Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. Comment on the following statement. A live music performance is always inferior to a studio recording. What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200-250 words. Use the following plan: • make an introduction (state the problem) • express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion • express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion • explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion • make a conclusion restating your position
Test 15 Раздел 5. Говорение Task 1 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Certain areas of the world are known as blue zones. These are places where people tend to live the longest. Currently there are five of these zones, which are located in specific regions of Greece, Italy, Central America, California and Japan. Researchers have discovered that more people in these areas live to be 100, or beyond the age of 90, than anywhere else. They have also found that cancer and heart disease occur less often in blue zones. Why these zones are so beneficial to life has also been studied. It seems that people in these places put family before any other concern, such as work or money. There are fewer smokers and people tend to consume less meat. Physical activity is part of daily life, and people of all ages meet and communicate with one another. Task 2 Study the advertisement. You are considering using the service and you would like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following: 1) rates 2) service provided 3) usual times of visits 4) who provides cleaning supplies 5) guarantee You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Test 15 Task: Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about: • when you took the photo • what/who is in the photo • what is happening • why you took the photo • why you decided to show the picture to your friend You have to talk continuously, starting with: I’ve chosen photo number... 2 ask 4 Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: • give a brief description of the photos (action, location) • say what the pictures have in common • say in what way the pictures are different • say which of the buildings presented in the pictures youd prefer • explain why You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
MACMILLAN Exam Skills for Russia Тесты для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку с интернет-ресурсом При разработке тестов учитывались требования, предъявляемые Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере образования и науки к контрольно-измерительным материалам для проведения Единого государственного экзамена по английскому языку. Учебное пособие содержит: • 15 тестов в формате ЕГЭ, включая Устную часть; • советы учащимся по выполнению тестовых заданий в разделах «Аудирование», «Чтение», «Письмо» и «Говорение»; • упражнения на закрепление грамматического и лексического материала, включая повторение видовременных форм глагола, а также средств и способов словообразования; • аудиозапись образцов выполнения задания 1 Устной части; • описание формата экзамена Книга для учителя включает: • ответы к упражнениям; • тексты аудиозаписей; • образцы выполнения письменных работ; • модели устных ответов Компоненты: Книга для учащегося с интернет-ресурсом Книга для учителя с аудиодиском Бесплатные аудиофайлы на www.macmillan.ru Бесплатное онлайн-тестирование в формате ЕГЭ на www.macmillan.ru MACMILLAN MACMILLAN Тесть ЛИЛ „ готовки к ЕГЭ >ю .му у MACMILLAN Учв6к<1М»юби« n.«i ювки к ГИА п мишАсмому яаыку1 «М ап
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| Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В4-В11 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения. TEST 05 (part 1) |
City Farms
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B4 |
As a person who has lived on the edge of a small city all my life, I find it difficult to believe that some children living in big cities grow up without ever seeing an animal larger than a pet dog. |
LIVE |
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B5 |
When I was a child we thought it was perfectly natural to play in fields with large cows for company, |
THINK |
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B6 |
but apparently some city children do not even know what the animal that produces their milk looks like. |
LOOK |
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B7 |
To help city children understand what it is like to live in the country, special farms have been created right in the centre of some of Britain’s larger cities. |
CREATE |
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B8 |
One of the oldest of these is in London. It is run by volunteers and has herds of sheep, goats, cows and other animals. There are educational programmes for visitors and children can help feed and clean the animals. |
RUN |
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B9 |
I have not / haven’t been to one of these farms myself, but I think that it is a marvellous way to help children learn about the ways of the countryside. |
NOT GO |
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B10 |
I hope that we will see more of these farms in our cities in the future. |
SEE |
Прочитайте текст и вставьте вместо каждого пропуска подходящее слово, выбрав его из списка. Два слова в списке лишние.
A Farm Life
Luke’s father is a farmer. Luke enjoys living on a farm. His father works (A)_________ in the garden; he wakes up very early every morning. One day Luke wakes up at the same time as him. They eat cereal and talk about the farm.
“I’m planting tomatoes today, son,” Luke’s father says, “I (B)_________ help you, Dad!” Luke exclaims. “Great!” replies his father. Luke wants to know how to grow big and tasty tomatoes. “Tomatoes don’t (C)_________ English, but they grow well when you give them care and attention and have a little bit of hope,” his father laughs. Luke understands what his father wants to (D)_________ him because he knows how much time Dad spends in the garden. Then they finish their breakfast, take two (E)_________ bags and go outside. It is going to be a long day.
1) can; 2) hard; 3) heavy; 4) may; 5) speak; 6) strong; 7) tell.
Запишите в таблицу выбранные цифры под соответствующими буквами.
| A | B | C | D | E |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Задание №6742.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому
Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Показать текст. ⇓
‘Themselves’ in ‘as often as they themselves had to eat’ in the fifth paragraph refers to…
1) the cattle.
2) Alan and his family.
3) the chickens.
4) the horses.
Решение:
‘Themselves’ in ‘as often as they themselves had to eat’ in the fifth paragraph refers to Alan and his family.
В пятом абзаце «сами» в слове «столько раз, сколько они сами должны были есть» относится к Алану и его семье.
Показать ответ
Источник: Тесты для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку, 2019. Вербицкая М., Манн М., Тейлор-Ноулз С.
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68. Íàïèøèòå ýññå-àðãóìåíòàöèþ íà ýòè ïðîáëåìû.
1. Íà÷àëî 21 âåêà õàðàêòåðèçóåòñÿ áîëüøèì êîëè÷åñòâîì àâòîìîáèëåé è äðóãèõ òðàíñïîðòíûõ ñðåäñòâ â êðóïíûõ ãîðîäàõ. Îíè, êîíå÷íî, ÿâëÿþòñÿ îáÿçàòåëüíûì äëÿ íàøåé öèâèëèçàöèè, íî îíè òàêæå äåëàþò æèçíü ãîðîæàí ãîðàçäî ñëîæíåå.
2. Æèçíü â áîëüøîì ãîðîäå ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðåèìóùåñòâîì äëÿ äåòåé è ìîëîäûõ ëþäåé, òàê êàê îíè ìîãóò ïîëó÷èòü õîðîøåå îáðàçîâàíèå, êâàëèôèöèðîâàííóþ ìåäèöèíñêóþ ïîìîùü è ò.ï., íî îíî òàêæå îêàçûâàåò ïëîõîå âëèÿíèå íà èõ çäîðîâüå è ÷àñòî äåëàåò èõ æèçíü íàïðÿæåííîé è äàæå îïàñíîé.
Ðåøåíèå #1
1.
Nowadays cities are full of different vehicles. Some people think that cars are essential thing for our civilization, but at the same time there are those who oppose this idea. They believe vehicles have made city life much more complicated.
On the one hand, cars are extremely beneficial for us today. No matter where are we heading to we use personal or public transport, because we dont have enough time on going on foot. Besides, heading to some place by car or another vehicle is much more comfortable than old way of getting to some place.
However, on the other hand, cars have brought some problems in city life. First of all, they are the main cause of traffic jams on the roads, so even, for example, cyclists have to waste their time standing in long chain of cars. Secondly, vehicles spoil the air with traffic fumes; therefore the environment and also city dwellers are suffering from polluted air.
Taking into consideration all views on this problem, in conclusion I would like say that, to my mind, despite all disadvantages of cars we cant stop to use them, because they are a must for our civilization. Nevertheless, we should try to solve problems, which vehicles are bringing to cities.
 íàøè äíè ãîðîäà ïîëíû ðàçëè÷íûõ òðàíñïîðòíûõ ñðåäñòâ. Íåêîòîðûå ëþäè äóìàþò, ÷òî ìàøèíû ýòî íåîáõîäèìàÿ âåùü äëÿ íàøåé öèâèëèçàöèè, íî â òî æå âðåìÿ ñóùåñòâóþò òå, êòî âûñòóïàåò ïðîòèâ ýòîé èäåè. Îíè âåðÿò òðàíñïîðòíûå ñðåäñòâà óñëîæíèëè æèçíü â ãîðîäå.
Ñ äðóãîé ñòîðîíû, ìàøèíû êðàéíå ïîëåçíû äëÿ íàñ ñåãîäíÿ. Íå âàæíî, êóäà ìû íàïðàâëÿåìñÿ, ìû èñïîëüçóåì ëè÷íûé èëè îáùåñòâåííûé òðàíñïîðò, ïîòîìó ÷òî ó íàñ íåò äîñòàòî÷íî âðåìåíè íà òî, ÷òîáû äîéòè ïåøêîì. Êðîìå òîãî, äîáèðàòüñÿ äî êàêîãî-ëèáî ìåñòà íàìíîãî óäîáíåå íà ìàøèíå èëè èíîì òðàíñïîðòå, ÷åì ñòàðûé ñïîñîá äîáèðàòüñÿ äî êàêèõ-ëèáî ìåñò.
Îäíàêî, ñ äðóãîé ñòîðîíû, ìàøèíû ïðèâíåñëè íåêîòîðûå ïðîáëåìû â æèçíü ãîðîäà. Âî-ïåðâûõ, îíè ãëàâíàÿ ïðè÷èíà ïðîáîê íà äîðîãàõ, ïîýòîìó äàæå, íàïðèìåð, âåëîñèïåäèñòàì ïðèõîäèòñÿ òðàòèòü ñâî¸ âðåìÿ âïóñòóþ, ïðîñòàèâàÿ â äëèííîé öåïè ìàøèí. Âî-âòîðûõ, òðàíñïîðòíûå ñðåäñòâà ïîðòÿò âîçäóõ âûõëîïíûìè âûáðîñàìè, ïîýòîìó îêðóæàþùàÿ ñðåäà, à òàêæå æèòåëè ñòðàäàþò îò çàãðÿçí¸ííîãî âîçäóõà.
Ïðèíèìàÿ âî âíèìàíèå âñå âçãëÿäû íà ýòó ïðîáëåìó, â çàêëþ÷åíèè õîòåëîñü áû ñêàçàòü, ÷òî, ïî ìîåìó ìíåíèþ, íåñìîòðÿ íà âñå íåäîñòàòêè ìàøèí, ìû íå ìîæåì ïåðåñòàòü èõ èñïîëüçîâàòü, ïîòîìó ÷òî îíè íåîáõîäèìîñòü äëÿ íàøåé öèâèëèçàöèè. Òåì íå ìåíåå, íàñ ñëåäóåò ðåøàòü òå ïðîáëåìû, êîòîðûå òðàíñïîðòíûå ñðåäñòâà âíîñÿò â æèçíü ãîðîäà.
Ðåøåíèå #2
2.
It is often believed that living in a big city is a great opportunity for young man, but others think differently.
There is no doubt that a big city can offer to children a huge variety of different capabilities and this is definitely the wonderful advantage. Young people can express themselves by joining some clubs; they also can enter prestigious university and get after an excellent education. What is more, people in a big city always can get qualified medical care, which is really beneficial.
Nevertheless, living in a big city has some disadvantages. Firstly, life in city is dangerous, and it is more unsafe for children and young people as they are, as a rule, careless and happy-go-lucky. Secondly, in a city men almost every day are under pressure, because they have to face with other people everywhere: on the roads, in parks, in shops, etc., which can be quite stressful.
To sum it up, I think that it is better to live in the countryside, because nowadays everyone has the access to the Internet, where you can find all necessary information and you can just educate by yourself. Big cities are too stressful for our health especially for childrens health.
×àñòî ñ÷èòàåòñÿ, ÷òî æèçíü â áîëüøîì ãîðîäå ýòî çàìå÷àòåëüíàÿ âîçìîæíîñòü äëÿ ìîëîäîãî ÷åëîâåêà, íî äðóãèå ñ÷èòàþò èíà÷å.
Íåò íèêàêîãî ñîìíåíèÿ â òîì, ÷òî áîëüøèå ãîðîäà ìîãóò ïðåäëîæèòü äåòÿì îãðîìíîå ðàçíîîáðàçèå ðàçëè÷íûõ âîçìîæíîñòåé, è ýòî îïðåäåëåííî çàìå÷àòåëüíîå ïðåèìóùåñòâî. Ìîëîäûå ëþäè ìîãóò âûðàçèòü ñåáÿ ïóò¸ì âñòóïëåíèÿ â ðàçëè÷íûå êðóæêè, îíè ìîãóò òàêæå ïîñòóïèòü â ïðåñòèæíûé óíèâåðñèòåò è ïîñëå ïîëó÷èòü îòëè÷íîå îáðàçîâàíèå. Áîëåå òîãî, ëþäè â áîëüøèõ ãîðîäàõ ìîãóò ïîëó÷èòü êâàëèôèöèðîâàííóþ ìåäèöèíñêóþ ïîìîùü, ÷òî äåéñòâèòåëüíî î÷åíü ïîëåçíî.
Òåì íå ìåíåå, æèçíü â áîëüøîì ãîðîäå èìååò è ñâîè íåäîñòàòêè. Âî-ïåðâûõ, æèçíü â ãîðîäå îïàñíà, è îíà åùå áîëåå îïàñíà äëÿ äåòåé è ìîëîäûõ ëþäåé, òàê êàê, êàê ïðàâèëî, îíè íåâíèìàòåëüíû è áåñïå÷íû. Âî-âòîðûõ, â ãîðîäå ëþäè ïî÷òè êàæäûé äåíü íàõîäÿòñÿ ïîä äàâëåíèåì, ïîòîìó ÷òî èì ïðèõîäèòñÿ ñòàëêèâàòüñÿ ñ äðóãèìè ëþäüìè âåçäå: íà äîðîãàõ, â ïàðêàõ, â ìàãàçèíàõ è ò.ä., ÷òî ìîæåò áûòü äîâîëüíî-òàêè ñòðåññîâûì.
Ïîäâîäÿ èòîã, ÿ äóìàþ, ÷òî ëó÷øå æèòü â ñåëüñêîé ìåñòíîñòè, ïîòîìó ÷òî â íàøè äíè êàæäûé èìååò äîñòóï ê èíòåðíåòó, ãäå îí ìîæåò íàéòè âñþ íåîáõîäèìóþ èíôîðìàöèþ, è êàæäûé ìîæåò ïðîñòî çàíÿòüñÿ ñàìîîáðàçîâàíèåì. Áîëüøèå ãîðîäà ñëèøêîì ñòðåññîâûå äëÿ íàøåãî çäîðîâüÿ, à â îñîáåííîñòè çäîðîâüÿ ðåá¸íêà.
Ïðèâåäåì âûäåðæêó èç çàäàíèÿ èç ó÷åáíèêà Ìèõååâà, Àôàíàñüåâà 11 êëàññ, Ïðîñâåùåíèå:
68. Write argumentative essays on these problems.
1. The beginning of the 21st century is characterized by a great number of cars and other vehicles in big cities. They certainly are a must for our civilization but they also make city dwellers’ lives much more complicated.
2. Living in a big city is an advantage for children and young people as they can get a good education, qualified medical care, etc. but it also has a bad impact on their health and often makes their life stressful and even dangerous.
*Öèòèðèðîâàíèå ÷àñòè çàäàíèÿ ñî ññûëêîé íà ó÷åáíèê ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî â ó÷åáíûõ öåëÿõ äëÿ ëó÷øåãî ïîíèìàíèÿ ðàçáîðà ðåøåíèÿ çàäàíèÿ.
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Google Тренды это диаграмма для отслеживания сезонности ключевых слов. Этот график позволяет лучше понять сезонное изменение полулярности запросов по определенной тематике.
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Alan had not spent much of his life on a farm. There had been short visits in the summers to his cousins‘ farm in Devon, but he had never actually done any labour. He and his parents would stay for a couple of days, ride horses, have some nice meals and head back to London. His aunt had always said kindly and generously, ‘Why don’t you stay with us for the whole summer? We’ll teach you how to milk the cows.’ He would just chuckle and answer with a polite but mildly sarcastic response, ‘Oh, don’t tempt me, Aunt Jean.’
During his penultimate year at secondary school, he began to take more of an interest in nature. He decided that the upcoming summer would be the perfect opportunity to spend more time on the farm. He made the arrangements with his elated aunt and uncle, packed two months-worth of clothes and set off for the country.
Despite not having spent much time on a farm, Alan knew it would not be an easy experience. As a child he had noticed his aunt and uncle’s weathered hands. At the time he didn’t know why, but as he grew older he came to realise the reason. ‘That’s what farming does to you,’ his mum confirmed when he asked her about it.
Still, hard work aside, Alan was curious about all the various tasks a farm had to offer. He resisted the urge to behave like a tourist, even though he knew that after the two months had finished, he’d return to his privileged life in the city, where the most difficult manual labour was carrying a rucksack over his shoulder.
But there were some things he wasn’t prepared for. Farming can be remarkably dirty work.
His aunt and uncle’s farm had a variety of animals to tend to, as well as an extensive vegetable garden. His aunt spent hours every day weeding the garden. It was not something that could be done in one day, or even one week. There was no end to the number of unwanted plants that grew alongside the wanted ones. But Alan spent more time with his uncle and the animals. The stables housed the horses, which, these days, were less like a second set of farm workers and more like pets, and there were fields of sheep, cattle and a chicken coop. He, his uncle and his cousin Fred would ride in his uncle’s lorry and unload bales of hay in the fields for the cows. They had to feed them, and the other animals, as often as they themselves needed to eat.
The feeding of animals, the collecting of chicken eggs from the coop, even the shearing of sheep was all child’s play, and was perhaps as deep into farm life as Alan wanted to venture. The holding pens had to be cleaned, though, and even worse was the sad fact about animal farming, which was that some animals weren’t long for this world. This particular aspect wasn’t something that Alan could muster the strength to endure. When the time came, he bowed out, feeling in the end more cowardly than sorrowful.
His uncle understood. Alan wasn’t from the farm, and he couldn’t expect him to accept every aspect of the life in just a few short weeks. ‘There are many things I would rather not do out here, but it’s part and parcel of the life,’ his uncle tried to explain.
Task 1 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.
Fire Crews Hunt Escaped Hamster
Eight firefighters have been called in to help find an escaped hamster. Two crews used a chocolate-covered camera and a vacuum cleaner A ____ , called Fudgie, at the home of a six-year-old girl in Dunbar, Scotland.
The girl’s mother said: ‘We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone В ____ .’
The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still refused С ____ .
In the search for Fudgie, the firefighters took the family cooker and gas pipes apart. They also dropped a mini-camera coated with chocolate under the floorboards. They then hoped to take out the hamster using a vacuum cleaner. Despite all their efforts, they failed to find Fudgie.
In the end, the firefighters put another camera down the hole D ____ , connected to the screen of the family home computer, to see if Fudgie appeared. Besides, the girl and her parents regularly dropped food E ____ .
At last, after eight days the hamster returned to her cage safe and sound. She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in the morning. It was the girl’s father who first found Fudgie F ____ .
The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie had finally returned.
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through a small hole in the floor
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through the hole for the hamster
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and locked the runaway hamster
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to come out of the hole
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to look after the pet
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to try and locate the missing hamster
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and left it under the floorboards
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Ответ |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
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6 |
1 |
4 |
7 |
2 |
3 |
Task 2
Speed of eating is ‘key to obesity’
If you eat very quickly, it may be enough to increase your risk of being overweight, research suggests.
Osaka University scientists looked at the eating habits of 3,000 people. Just about half of them told researchers that they A ______ . Compared with those who did not eat quickly, fast-eating men were 84% more likely to be overweight, and women were 100% more likely to В ______ .
Japanese scientists said that there were a number of reasons why eating fast С ______ . They said it could prevent the work of a signalling system which tells your brain to stop eating because your stomach is full. They said: ‘If you eat quickly you basically fill your stomach before the system has a chance to react, so you D _____ .
The researchers also explained that a mechanism that helps make us fat today, developed with evolution and helped people get more food in the periods when they were short of it. The scientists added that the habit of eating fast could be received from one’s parents genes or E ______ .
They said that, if possible, children should be taught to F ______ , and allowed to stop when they felt full up at mealtimes. ‘The advice of our grandmothers about chewing everything 20 times might be true — if you take a bit more time eating, it could have a positive influence on your weight.
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just overfill your stomach
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could be bad for your weight
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have a habit of eating quickly
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linked to obesity
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eat as slowly as possible
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put on weight
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learned at a very early age
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Ответ |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
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3 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
7 |
5 |
Task 3
Hi-Tech Brings Families Together
Technology is helping families stay in touch like never before, says a report carried out in the US.
Instead of driving people apart, mobile phones and the Internet are A ____ . The research looked at the differences in technology use between families with children and single adults. It found that traditional families have more hi-tech gadgets in their home В ____ . Several mobile phones were found in 89% of families and 66% had a high-speed Internet connection. The research also found that 58% of families have more С ____ .
Many people use their mobile phone to keep in touch and communicate with parents and children. Seventy percent of couples, D ____ , use it every day to chat or say hello. In addition, it was found that 42% of parents contact their children via their mobile every day.
The growing use of mobile phones, computers and the Internet means that families no longer gather round the TV to spend time together. 25% of those who took part in the report said they now spend less time E ____ . Only 58% of 18—29 year olds said they watched TV every day. Instead the research found that 52% of Internet users who live with their families go online F ____ several times a week and 51% of parents browse the web with their children.
Some analysts have worried that new technologies hurt families, but we see that technology allows for new kinds of connectedness built around cell phones and the Internet/ said the report.
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than any other group
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watching television
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in the company of someone else
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than two computers in the home
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communicated with their families
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helping them communicate
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owning a mobile
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Task 4
The Power of ‘Hello’
I work at a company where there are hundreds of employees. I know most of them and almost all of them know me. It is all based on one simple principle: I believe every single person deserves to be acknowledged, A ______ .
When I was about 10 years old, I was walking down the street with my mother. She stopped to speak to Mr. Lee. I knew I could see Mr. Lee any time around the neighborhood, В ______ .
After we passed Mr. Lee, my mother said something that has stuck with me from that day until now. She said, ‘You let that be the last time you ever walk by somebody and not open up your mouth to speak, because even a dog can wag its tail С______ . That phrase sounds simple, but it has been a guidepost for me and the foundation of who I am. I started to see that when I spoke to someone, they spoke back. And that felt good. It is not just something I believe in — D ______ . I believe that every person deserves to feel someone acknowledges their presence, no matter how unimportant they may be.
At work, I always used to say ‘hello’ to the founder of the company and ask him how our business was doing. But I was also speaking to the people in the cafe, and asked how their children were doing. I remembered after a few years of passing by the founder, I had the courage to ask him for a meeting. We had a great talk.
At a certain point, I asked him E ______ . He said, ‘If you want to, you can get all the way to this seat.’ I have become vice president, but that has not changed the way I approach people. I speak to everyone I see, no matter where I am. I have learned that speaking to people creates a pathway into their world, F ______ .
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it has become a way of life.
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when it passes you on the street.
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when you see him and talk to him.
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and it lets them come into mine, too.
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so I did not pay any attention to him.
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however small or simple the greeting is.
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how far he thought I could go in his company.
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Task 5
Friendship and Love
A strong friendship takes a significant amount of time to develop. It will not just magically mature overnight. A friendship involves committing oneself to help another person A ______ . I believe that, nothing can replace a true friend, not material objects, or money, and definitely not a boy.
I met this guy a couple summers ago who I ended up spending almost all of my free time with. His parents did not approve of our dating because of our age difference, В ______ . He had told me the day we met that he had joined the air force and would leave for overseas that coming October. After three months had past, the time came when he had to leave. This left me feeling completely alone.
I turned to my friends for support, but to my surprise, С ______ . I had spent so much time with this guy and so little time with them, that they did not feel sorry for me when he left. For so long they had become the only constant in my life, and I had taken them for granted over something D ______ .
When my boyfriend came back, our relationship changed. I tried to fix all the aspects in my life that had gone so wrong in the previous six months.
This experience taught me that true friendships will only survive if one puts forth effort to make them last. Keeping friends close will guarantee that E ______ . When a relationship falls apart, a friend will always do everything in their power to make everything less painful. As for me, I try to keep my friends as close as I can. I know they will always support me in whatever I do, and to them, I F ______ .
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but we did anyway.
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whenever a need arises.
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they did not really care.
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whenever they need your help.
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could not guarantee would even last.
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am eternally grateful for a second chance.
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someone will always have a shoulder to cry on.
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Task 6
Mobile phones
On New Year’s Day, 1985, Michael Harrison phoned his father, Sir Ernest, to wish him a happy new year. Sir Ernest was chairman of Racal Electronics, the owner of Vodafone, A ______ .
At the time, mobile phones weighed almost a kilogram, cost several thousand pounds and provided only 20 minutes talktime. The networks themselves were small; Vodafone had just a dozen masts covering London. Nobody had any idea of the huge potential of wireless communication and the dramatic impact В ______ .
Hardly anyone believed there would come a day when mobile phones were so popular С ______ .But in 1999 one mobile phone was sold in the UK every four seconds, and by 2004 there were more mobile phones in the UK than people. The boom was a result of increased competition which pushed prices lower and created innovations in the way that mobiles were sold.
When the government introduced more competition, companies started cutting prices to attract more customers. Cellnet, for example, changed its prices, D ______ . It also introduced local call tariffs.
The way that handsets themselves were marketed was also changing and it was Finland’s Nokia who made E ______ . In the late 1990s Nokia realized that the mobile phone was a fashion item: so it offered interchangeable covers which allowed you to customize and personalize your handset.
The mobile phone industry has spent the later part of the past decade reducing its monthly charge F ______ , which has culminated in the fight between the iPhone and a succession of touch screen rivals.
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trying to persuade people to do more with their phones than just call and text
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that there would be more phones in the UK than there are people
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and relying instead on actual call charges
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that mobile phones would have over the next quarter century
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the leap from phones as technology to phones as fashion items
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and his son was making the first-ever mobile phone call in the UK
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the move to digital technology, connecting machines to wireless networks
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Task 7
London Zoo
London Zoo is one of the most important zoos in the world. There are over 12,000 animals at London Zoo and A ______ ! Its main concern is to breed threatened animals in captivity. This means we might be able to restock the wild, should disaster ever befall the wild population.
Partula Snail, Red Crowned Crane, Arabian Oryx, Golden Lion Tamarin, Persian Leopard, Asiatic Lion and Sumatran Tiger are just some of the species London Zoo is helping to save.
That is why it is so important that we fight to preserve the habitats that these animals live in, as well as eliminate other dangers В ______ . But we aim to make your day at London Zoo a fun and memorable time, С ______ .
In the Ambika Paul Children’s Zoo, for instance, youngsters can learn a new love and appreciation for animals D ______ . They can also learn how to care for favourite pets in the Pet Care Centre.
Then there are numerous special Highlight events E ______ unforgettable pony rides to feeding times and spectacular animal displays. You will get to meet keepers and ask them what you are interested in about the animals they care for, F ______ .
Whatever you decide, you will have a great day. We have left no stone unturned to make sure you do!
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such as hunting exotic animals and selling furs
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as well as the ins and outs of being a keeper at London Zoo
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which take place every day, from
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because they see and touch them close up
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despite the serious side to our work
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which demand much time and effort
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that is not counting every ant in the colony
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Task 8
‘Second Stonehenge’ discovered near original
Archaeologists have discovered evidence of what they believe was a second Stonehenge located a little more than a mile away from the world-famous prehistoric monument.
The new find on the west bank of the river Avon has been called «Bluestonehenge», after the colour of the 25 Welsh stones of A______.
Excavations at the site have suggested there was once a stone circle 10 metres in diameter and surrounded by a henge — a ditch with an external bank, according to the project director, Professor Mike Parker Pearson, of the University of Sheffield.
The stones at the site were removed thousands of years ago but the sizes of the holes in B ______ indicate that this was a circle of bluestones, brought from the Preseli mountains of Wales, 150 miles away.
The standing stones marked the end of the avenue C _____, a 1¾-mile long processional route constructed at the end of the Stone Age. The outer henge around the stones was built about 2400BC but arrowheads found in the stone circle indicate the stones were put up as much as 500 years earlier.
Parker Pearson said his team was waiting for results of radiocarbon dating D _____ whether stones currently in the inner circle of Stonehenge were originally located at the other riverside construction.
Pearson said: «The big, big question is when these stones were erected and when they were removed — and when we get the dating evidence we can answer both those questions.»
He added: «We speculated in the past E ______ at the end of the avenue near the river. But we were completely unprepared to discover that there was an entire stone circle. Another team member, Professor Julian Thomas, said the discovery indicated F______was central to the religious lives of the people who built Stonehenge. «Old theories about Stonehenge that do not explain the evident significance of the river will have to be rethought,» he said. Dr Josh Pollard, project co-director from the University of Bristol, described the discovery as «incredible».
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which could reveal
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which they stood
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which it was once made up
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that this stretch of the river Avon
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that there might have been something
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that it should be considered as integral part
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that leads from the river Avon to Stonehenge
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Task 9
Australia
Australia was the last great landmass to be discovered by the Europeans. The continent they eventually discovered had already been inhabited for tens of thousands of years.
Australia is an island continent A _____ is the result of gradual changes wrought over millions of years.
B ____, Australia is one of the most stable land masses, and for about 100 million years has been free of the forces that have given rise to huge mountain ranges elsewhere.
From the east coast a narrow, fertile strip merges into the greatly eroded Great Dividing Range, C ____.
The mountains are merely reminders of the mighty range, D ____. Only in the section straddling the New South Wales border with Victoria and in Tasmania, are they high enough to have winter snow.
West of the range of the country becomes increasingly flat and dry. The endless flatness is broken only by salt lakes, occasional mysterious protuberances and some mountains E ____. In places the scant vegetation is sufficient to allow some grazing. However, much of the Australian outback is a barren land of harsh stone deserts and dry lakes.
The extreme north of Australia, the Top End, is a tropical area within the monsoon belt. F ____, it comes in more or less one short, sharp burst. This has prevented the Top End from becoming seriously productive area.
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that once stood here
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that is almost continent long
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whose property is situated to the north of Tasmania
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whose landscape — much of bleak and inhospitable
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whose beauty reminds of the MacDonald Ranges
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Although its annual rainfall looks adequate on paper
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Although there is still seismic activity in the eastern highland area
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Task 10
Scotland Yard
Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police in London. To most people, its name immediately brings to mind the picture of a detective — cool, efficient, ready to track down any criminal, or a helmeted police constable — A____ and trusty helper of every traveller from overseas.
Scotland Yard is situated on the Thames Embankment close to the Houses of Parliament and the familiar clock tower of Big Ben, and its jurisdiction extends over 740 square miles with the exception of the ancient City of London, B____.
One of the most successful developments in Scotland Yard’s crime detection and emergency service has been the “999 system”. On receipt of a call the 999 Room operator ascertains by electronic device the position of the nearest available police car, C ____. Almost instantly a message is also sent by teleprinter to the police station concerned so that within seconds of a call for assistance being received, a police car is on its way to the scene. An old-established section of the Metropolitan police is the Mounted Branch, with its strength of about 200 horses stabled at strategic points. These horses are particularly suited to ceremonial occasions, D ____.
An interesting branch of Scotland Yard is the branch of Police Dogs, first used as an experiment in 1939. Now these dogs are an important part of the Force. One dog, for example, can search a warehouse in ten minutes, E ____.
There is also the River Police, or Thames Division, which deals with all crimes occurring within its river boundaries.
There are two other departments of Scotland Yard – the Witness Room (known as the Rogues’ Gallery) where a photographic record of known and suspected criminals is kept, and the Museum, F ____.
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which is contacted by radio
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that familiar figure of the London scene
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for they are accustomed to military bands
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which possesses its own separate police force
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which contains murder relics and forgery exhibits
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that this policeman will bring the criminal to justice
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whereas the same search would take six men an hour
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Task 11
Harry Potter course for university students
Students of Durham University are being given the chance to sign up to what is thought to be the UK’s first course focusing on the world of Harry Potter. Although every English-speaking person in the world knows about Harry Potter books and films, few have thought of using them as a guide to … modern life.
The Durham University module uses the works of JK Rowling A ______ modern society. “Harry Potter and the Age of Illusion” will be available for study next year. So far about 80 undergraduates have signed В ______ a BA degree in Education Studies. Future educationalists will analyse JK Rowling’s fanfiction from various points of view.
A university spokesman said: “This module places the Harry Potter novels in a wider social and cultural context.” He added that a number of themes would be explored, С ______ the classroom, bullying, friendship and solidarity and the ideals of and good citizenship.
The module was created by the head of the Department of Education at Durham University. He said the idea for the new module had appeared in response D ______ body: “It seeks to place the series in its wider social and cultural context and will explore some fundamental issues E ______ . You just need to read the academic writing which started F ______ that Harry Potter is worthy of serious study.”
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up for the optional module, part of
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to emerge four or five years ago to see
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to examine prejudice, citizenship and bullying in
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such as the response of the writer
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including the world of rituals, prejudice and intolerance in
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to growing demand from the student
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such as the moral universe of the school
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Task 12
Laughing and evolution
The first hoots of laughter from an ancient ancestor of humans could be heard at least 10 million years ago, according to the results of a new study. Researchers used recordings of apes and babies being tickled A ______ to the last common ancestor that humans shared with the modern great apes, which include chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans.
The finding challenges the opinion В ______ , suggesting instead that it emerged long before humans split from the evolutionary path that led to our primate cousins, between 10m and 16m years ago.
“In humans, laughing can be the strongest way of expressing how much we are enjoying ourselves, but it can also be used in other contexts, like making fun of someone,” said Marina Davila Ross, a psychologist at Portsmouth University. “I was interested in С ______ .”
Davila Ross travelled to seven zoos around Europe and visited a wildlife reserve in Sabah, Borneo, to record baby and juvenile apes D ______ . Great apes are known to make noises that are similar to laughter when they are excited and while they are playing with each other.
Davila Ross collected recordings of laughter from 21 chimps, gorillas, orangutans and bonobos and added recordings of three babies that were tickled to make them laugh.
To analyze the recordings, the team put them into a computer program. “Our evolutionary tree based on these acoustic recordings alone showed E ______ , but furthest from orangutans, with gorillas somewhere in the middle.” said Davila Ross. “What this shows is strong evidence to suggest F ______ .”
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whether laughing emerged earlier on than humans did
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to create the evolutionary tree linking humans and apes
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that laughter is a uniquely human trait
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that humans were closest to chimps and bonobos
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that laughing comes from a common primate ancestor
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while their caretakers tickled them
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to trace the origin of laughter back
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Task 13
Nenets culture affected by global warming
For 1,000 years the indigenous Nenets people have migrated along the 450-mile- long Yamal peninsula in northern Russia. In summer they wander northwards, taking their reindeer with them. In winter they return southwards.
But this remote region of north-west Siberia is now being affected by global warming. Traditionally the Nenets travel across the frozen River Ob in November A ___ around Nadym. These days, though, this annual winter migration is delayed. Last year the Nenets, together with many thousands of reindeer, had to wait until late December В ____ .
“Our reindeer were hungry. There wasn’t enough food,” Jakov Japtik, a Nenets reindeer herder, said. “The snow is melting sooner, quicker and faster than before. In spring it’s difficult for the reindeer to pull the sledges. They get tired,” Japtik said.
Herders say that the peninsula’s weather is increasingly unpredictable — with unseasonal snowstorms С ___, and milder longer autumns. In winter, temperatures used to go down to -50°C. Now they are normally around -30°C, according to Japtik. “Obviously we prefer -30°C. But the changes aren’t good for the reindeer D ___,” he said, setting off on his sledge to round up his reindeer herd.
Even here, in one of the most remote parts of the planet, E __ . Last year the Nenets arrived at a regular summer camping spot and discovered that half of their lake had disappeared. The water had drained away after a landslide. The Nenets report other curious changes — there are fewer mosquitoes and a strange increase in flies. Scientists say there is unmistakable evidence F ___ .
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when the ice was finally thick enough to cross
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that the impact on Russia would be disastrous
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the environment is under pressure
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and in the end what is good for the reindeer is good for us
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and set up their camps in the southern forests
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that Yamal’s ancient permafrost is melting
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when the reindeer give birth in May
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Task 14
Duration of life and its social implications
The world’s population is about to reach a landmark of huge social and economic importance, when the proportion of the global population over 65 outnumbers children under 5 for the first time. A new report by the US census bureau shows A____ , with enormous consequences for both rich and poor nations.
The rate of growth will shoot up in the next couple of years. The В ___ a combination of the high birth rates after the Second World War and more recent improvements in health that are bringing down death rates at older ages. Separate UN forecasts predict that the global population will be more than nine billion by 2050.
The US census bureau was the first to sound the С ___ . Its latest forecasts warn governments and international bodies that this change in population structure will bring widespread challenges at every level of human organization, starting with the structure of the family, which will be transformed as people live longer. This will in turn place new burdens on careers and social services providers, D ___ for health services and pensions systems.
“People are living longer and, in some parts of the world, healthier lives,” the authors conclude. “This represents one of the greatest achievements of the last century but also a significant challenge E ___ population.”
Ageing will put pressure on societies at all levels. One way of measuring that is to look at the older dependency ratio, F ___ that must be supported by them. The ODR is the number of people aged 65 and over for every 100 people aged 20 to 64. It varies widely, from just six in Kenya to 33 in Italy and Japan. The UK has an ODR of 26, and the US has 21.
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which recently replaced Italy as the world’s oldest major country
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alarm about these changes
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a huge shift towards an ageing population
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change is due to
-
while patterns of work and retirement will have huge implications
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which shows the balance between working-age people and the older
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as proportions of older people increase in most countries
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Task 15
Elephants sense ‘danger’ clothes
St Andrews University researchers discovered that elephants could recognise the degree of danger posed by various groups of individuals. The study found that African elephants always reacted with fear A ______ previously worn by men of the Maasai tribe. They are known to demonstrate their courage by В ______ .
The elephants also responded aggressively to red clothing, which defines traditional Maasai dress.
However, the elephants showed a much milder reaction to clothing previously worn by the Kamba people, С ______ and pose little threat.
The researchers first presented elephants with clean, red clothing and with red clothing that had been worn for five days by D ______ .
They revealed that Maasai-smelt clothing motivated elephants to travel significantly faster in the first minute after they moved away.
They then investigated whether elephants could also use the colour of clothing as a cue to classify a potential threat and found the elephants reacted with aggression E ______ . This suggested that they associated the colour red with the Maasai.
The researchers believe the distinction in the elephants’ emotional reaction to smell and colour might be explained by F ______ . They might be able to distinguish among different human groups according to the level of risk they posed.
«We regard this experiment as just a start to investigating precisely how elephants ‘see the world’, and it may be that their abilities will turn out to equal or exceed those of our closer relatives, the monkeys and apes,» researchers added.
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either a Maasai or a Kamba man
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who do not hunt elephants
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when they detected the smell of clothes
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who carried out the research
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the amount of risk they sense
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spearing elephants
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when they spotted red but not white cloth
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Task 16
Culture and customs
In less than twenty years, the mobile telephone has gone from being rare, expensive equipment of the business elite to a pervasive, low-cost personal item. In many countries, mobile telephones A ___ ; in the U.S., 50 per cent of children have mobile telephones. In many young adults’ households it has supplanted the land-line telephone. The mobile phone is В ___ , such as North Korea.
Paul Levinson in his 2004 book Cellphone argues that by looking back through history we can find many precursors to the idea of people simultaneously walking and talking on a mobile phone. Mobile phones are the next extension in portable media, that now can be С ___ into one device. Levinson highlights that as the only mammal to use only two out of our four limbs to walk, we are left two hands free D ___ — like talking on a mobile phone.
Levinson writes that “Intelligence and inventiveness, applied to our need to communicate regardless of where we may be, led logically and eventually to telephones that we E ___ .”
Given the high levels of societal mobile telephone service penetration, it is a key means for people F ___ . The SMS feature spawned the «texting» sub-culture. In December 1993, the first person-to-person SMS text message was transmitted in Finland. Currently, texting is the most widely-used data service; 1.8 billion users generated $80 billion of revenue in 2006.
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to perform other actions
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outnumber traditional telephones
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to communicate with each other
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combined with the Internet
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to serve basic needs
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banned in some countries
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carry in our pockets
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Task 17
My Stage
My family moved to Rockaway, New Jersey in the summer of 1978. It was there that my dreams of stardom began.
I was nine years old. Heather Lambrix lived next door, and she and I became best friends. I thought she was so lucky A ___ . She took tap and jazz and got to wear cool costumes with bright sequences and makeup and perform on stage. I went to all of her recitals and В ___ .
My living room and sometimes the garage were my stage. I belonged to a cast of four, which consisted of Heather, my two younger sisters, Lisa and Faith, and I. Since I was the oldest and the bossiest, I was the director. Heather came with her own costumes С ___ . We choreographed most of our dance numbers as we went along. Poor Faith … we would throw her around D ___ . She was only about four or five … and so agile. We danced around in our bathing suits to audiocassettes and records from all the Broadway musicals. We’d put a small piece of plywood on the living room carpet, E ___ . And I would imitate her in my sneakers on the linoleum in the hall. I was a dancer in the making.
My dad eventually converted a part of our basement into a small theater. He hung two “spotlights” and a sheet for a curtain. We performed dance numbers to tunes like “One” and “The Music and the Mirror” from A Chorus Line. I sang all the songs from Annie. I loved to sing, F ___. I just loved to sing. So I belted out songs like “Tomorrow”, “Maybe” and “What I Did For Love.” I knew then, this is what I wanted to do with my life.
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like she was a rag doll
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whether I was good at it or not
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wished I, too, could be on stage
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and I designed the rest
-
and I was star struck
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so Heather could do her tap routine
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because she got to go to dance lessons
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Task 18
Cat’s punctuality
Sergeant Podge, a Norwegian Forest Cat, disappears from his owner’s home in a small town in Kent, every night. But what baffles his owner, Liz Bullard, mostly is the fact that the next morning, the 12-year-old cat always pops up in exactly the same place, A ___ . And every morning Ms. Bullard takes her son to school before collecting Sergeant Podge.
She said that the routine had set in earlier this year, when Sergeant Podge disappeared one day. Ms. Bullard spent hours telephoning her neighbours В ___ .
An elderly woman living about one and a half miles away called back to inform Ms. Bullard that she had found a cat matching Sergeant Podge’s description. Ms. Bullard picked him up but within days he vanished from sight again. She rang the elderly woman С ___ .
She said a routine has now become established, where each morning she takes her son to school before driving to collect Sergeant Podge D ___ .
It is thought Sergeant Podge walks across a golf course every night to reach his destination.
Ms. Bullard said: “If it’s raining he may be in the bush but he comes running if I clap my hands.” All she has to do is open the car passenger door from the inside for Sergeant Podge to jump in.
Ms. Bullard also makes the trip at weekends and during school holidays — E ___ .
She does not know why, after 12 years, Sergeant Podge has begun the routine but explained that another woman who lived nearby used to feed him sardines, and that he may be F ___ .
His owner doesn’t mind his wandering off at night as long as she knows where to collect him.
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on the look-out for more treats
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from the pavement between 0800 and 0815 GMT
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to discover Sergeant Podge was back outside her home
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on a pavement about one and a half miles (2.4km) away
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to identify if anyone had bumped into him
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when her son is having a lie-in
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collected by car every morning
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Task 19
Do you speak English?
When I arrived in England I thought I knew English. After I’d been here an hour I realized that I did not understand one word. In the first week I picked up a tolerable working knowledge of the language and the next seven years convinced me gradually but thoroughly that I A ______ , let alone perfectly. This is sad. My only consolation being that nobody speaks English perfectly.
Remember that those five hundred words an average Englishman uses are B ______ . You may learn another five hundred and another five thousand and yet another fifty thousand and still you may come across a further fifty thousand C ______ .
If you live here long enough you will find out to your greatest amazement that the adjective nice is not the only adjective the language possesses, in spite of the fact that D ______ . You can say that the weather is nice, a restaurant is nice, Mr. Soandso is nice, Mrs. Soandso’s clothes are nice, you had a nice time, E ______ .
Then you have to decide on your accent. The easiest way to give the impression of having a good accent or no foreign accent at all is to hold an unlit pipe in your mouth, to mutter between your teeth and finish all your sentences with the question: “isn’t it?” People will not understand much, but they are accustomed to that and they will get a F ______ .
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whatever it costs
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most excellent impression
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you have never heard of before, and nobody else either
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in the first three years you do not need to learn or use any other adjectives
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would never know it really well
-
far from being the whole vocabulary of the language
-
and all this
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Task 20
Before the Hubble Space Telescope was launched, scientists thought they knew the universe. They were wrong.
The Hubble Space Telescope has changed many scientists’ view of the universe. The telescope is named after American astronomer Edwin Hubble, A ______ .
He established that many galaxies exist and developed the first system for their classifications.
In many ways, Hubble is like any other telescope. It simply gathers light. It is roughly the size of a large school bus. What makes Hubble special is not what it is, B ______ .
Hubble was launched in 1990 from the “Discovery” space shuttle and it is about 350 miles above our planet, C ______ .
It is far from the glare of city lights, it doesn’t have to look through the air, D ______ .
And what a view it is! Hubble is so powerful it could spot a fly on the moon. Yet in an average orbit, it uses the same amount of energy as 28100-watt light bulbs. Hubble pictures require no film. The telescope takes digital images E ______ .
Hubble has snapped photos of storms on Saturn and exploding stars. Hubble doesn’t just focus on our solar system. It also peers into our galaxy and beyond. Many Hubble photos show the stars that make up the Milky Way galaxy. A galaxy is a city of stars.
Hubble cannot take pictures of the sun or other very bright objects, because doing so could “fry” the telescope’s instruments, but it can detect infrared and ultra violet light F ______ .
Some of the sights of our solar system that Hubble has glimpsed may even change the number of planets in it.
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which is above Earth’s atmosphere.
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which are transmitted to scientists on Earth.
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which is invisible to the human eye.
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who calculated the speed at which galaxies move.
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so it has a clear view of space.
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because many stars are in clouds of gas.
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but where it is.
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Task 21
The science of sound, or acoustics, as it is often called, has been made over radically within a comparatively short space of time. Not so long ago the lectures on sound in colleges and high schools dealt chiefly with the vibrations of such things as the air columns in organ pipes. Nowadays, however, thanks chiefly to a number of electronic instruments engineers can study sounds as effectively A ____ . The result has been a new approach to research in sound. Scientists have been able to make far-reaching discoveries in many fields of acoustics B _____ .
Foremost among the instruments that have revolutionized the study of acoustics are electronic sound-level meters also known as sound meters and sound-intensity meters. These are effective devices that first convert sound waves into weak electric signals, then amplify the signals through electronic means C ______ . The intensity of a sound is measured in units called decibels. “Zero” sound is the faintest sound D ______ . The decibel measures the ratio of the intensity of a given sound to the standard “zero” sound. The decibel scale ranges from 0 to 130. An intensity of 130 decibels is perceived not only as a sound, but also E ______ . The normal range of painlessly audible sounds for the average human ear is about 120 decibels. For forms of life other than ourselves, the range can be quite different.
The ordinary sound meter measures the intensity of a given sound, rather than its actual loudness. Under most conditions, however, it is a quite good indicator of loudness. Probably the loudest known noise ever heard by human ears was that of the explosive eruption in August, 1883, of the volcano of Krakatoa in the East Indies. No electronic sound meters, of course, were in existence then, but physicists estimate that the sound at its source must have had an intensity of 190 decibels, F ______ .
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and finally measure them.
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since it was heard 3,000 miles away.
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and they have been able to put many of these discoveries to practical use.
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that loud sound is of high intensity.
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as they study mechanical forces.
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as a painful sensation in the ear.
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that the unaided human ear can detect.
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Task 22
Chocolate
Chocolate is made from a number of raw and processed foods produced from the seeds of tropical cacao trees. Cacao has been cultivated in A ______ at least 3000 years. For most of this time it was made into a drink called, in translation — “bitter water”. This is because В ______ to be fermented to develop a palatable flavour. After fermentation the beans are dried and roasted and the shell is removed to produce cacao nibs. These are then ground and liquefied into chocolate liquor. The liquor is then processed into cocoa solids or cocoa butter. Pure chocolate contains primarily cocoa solids and butter in different proportions. Much of С ______ with added sugar. Milk chocolate is sweetened chocolate that additionally contains either milk powder or condensed milk. White chocolate on the other D ______ is therefore not a true chocolate. Chocolate contains theobromine and phenethylamine which have physiological effects on the body. It is similar to serotonin levels in the brain. Scientists claim E ______ , can lower blood pressure. Recently, dark chocolate has also been promoted for its health benefits. But pet owners should remember that the presence of theobromine makes it toxic to cats and dogs. Chocolate is now one F______ , although 16 of the top 20 chocolate consuming countries are in Europe. Also interesting is that 66% of world chocolate is consumed between meals.
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the chocolate consumed today is made
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that chocolate, eaten in moderation
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central and southern America for
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of the world’s most popular flavours
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hand contains no cocoa solids and
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cacao seeds are intensely bitter and have
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many countries worldwide at
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Task 23
Reality TV
Reality TV seems to dominate broadcasting these days. But what is it, how did it emerge and why on earth is it so popular? The first question is easily answered. Reality TV A ______ presents unscripted, dramatic or humorous situations or events. It can involve celebrities В ______ of the public. Reality TV has been gradually growing in importance for over 60 years. “Candid Camera” — the show that filmed ordinary people reacting to set ups and pranks — started in 1948. Some people, however, believe it was the Japanese with their awful shows in the 1980s and 90s that brought reality TV to centre stage. Others believe С ______ that is called “Big Brother” was the show that spawned the reality TV age. But why are the shows so popular? Different theories come to life. Some believe that it is D ______ we like to watch horrible behaviour: the same instinct that once inspired the ancient Romans to go and watch gladiators destroy each other at the Coliseum. Others suggest a kind of voyeurism is involved there — an unhealthy curiosity to spy on other people’s lives.
Whatever the real reason — the trend seems to have already peaked. A lot of such shows E ______ or are expected to go in the near future. And the replacement seems to be talents shows — watching competitions in dance, singing and general entertainment. Does it mean that people are changing? It is too early to say. Most agree that these F ______ .
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due to basic human instinct that
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is still early to judge
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are simply the cycles of fashion
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but more usually the stars are members
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that the television phenomenon
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is a type of programme that
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seem to have disappeared
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Task 24
Mikhail Lomonosov and Moscow State University
Mikhail Lomonosov was one of the intellectual titans of XVIII century. His interests ranged from history, rhetoric, art and poetry A ______ . Alexander Pushkin described him as В ______ , whose lifelong passion was learning.
Lomonosov’s activity is a manifestation of the enormous potential of the Russian scientific community. Peter I reformed Russia, which allowed the country to reach the standard of С ______ many spheres. Great importance was placed on education. St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, founded by Peter I, established a university and a grammar school to educate intellectuals and researchers the country needed; however, these educational establishments could not fulfill the task they took on. It was Michail Lomonosov D ______ of establishing a university in Moscow. An influential courtier and the E ______ Count Shuvalov supported Lomonosov’s plans for a new university and presented them to the Empress.
In 1755, on 25 January-St. Tatiana’s Day according to the Russian Orthodox Church calendar — Elizaveta signed the decree that a university should be founded in Moscow. The opening ceremony took place on 26 April, when Elizaveta’s coronation day was celebrated. Since 1755 25 January and 26 April F ______ Moscow University; the annual conference where students present the results of their research work is traditionally held in April.
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who suggested in his letter to Count Shuvalov the idea
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to mechanics, chemistry and mineralogy
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a person of formidable willpower and keen scientific mind
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favourite of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna, the patron of arts and science
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the contemporary European powers in
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are marked by special events and festivities at
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famous among all educated people
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Task 25
Window Shopping
The day would be spent with my best friends Kath and Kate. We are actually three Catherines (by birth spelt with a C), A______ we are all K’s: Kat (that’s me), Kath and Kate — the 3K Window Shopping gang!
Window shopping is simply wonderful. You can look at any outfit. You can try on В ______ not a single item on sale for which the price is a problem. You will try something on, ponder, pout, twirl, think hard, check yourself in the mirror one last time and finally reflect С ______ right for you! The highlight of this regular adventure however, is generally the 3K chocolate and ice cream break in the Shopping Centre’s top floor cafii Of course we do not believe that we are wasting anyone’s time. We do D ______ as well, but a reliable equation for us is — 3Ks + shopping mall = a good time.
But E ______ out to be especially memorable. One of the stores had a questionnaire lottery with the first prize being a voucher worth £200. We filled in the question forms while in the cafiiand returned to the store by their 2.00pm deadline. Kate won the first prize but we had decided in advance that if any of us won something, we would share equally: All for one К and one for all! At this point our morning of window shopping paid off. We completed F ______ slightly less than 10 minutes: three skirts, three hats and three belts and three very OK, K’s.
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not like to spend our time
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that it’s probably not quite
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that particular day turned
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our real shopping in
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sometimes go shopping for real
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anything you want and there is
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but when we are together
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Task 26
The Hotel
“Have you stayed with us before sir?” asked the receptionist. His accent sounded middle-European; Czech possibly or Polish. Actually I hadn’t stayed at this particular hotel before A ______ to many others from the same chain that I had stayed at. “No — first time” I replied with unnecessary brevity. The thing is I always feel В ______ rather than treated as an individual. Every word that I was about to hear, I had heard before — delivered no doubt from the depths of a tourism and hospitality course. “Welcome to Newcastle sir. Is this your first visit to our city? Can I trouble you to complete this form? Actually the first two lines and the signature at the bottom will do. Would you like С ______ , Sir? This will automatically unlock room facilities like mini-bar and telephone and any other extras you may require. Can I see your passport sir?” The questions and information D ______ responses were actually required and I handed over my passport, credit card and partly filled out form. I was tempted to write under name and address “Donald Duck, Duck Towers, Disney Street” — E ______ ever read the form again. But being a creature of habit I wrote my real name and address. While my card was being processed I looked across the reception area through the wall height windows to the beautiful River Tyne. A wave of nostalgia came over me. It was good to be back. I found myself thinking about her again and wondering F ______ a voice broke in: “It’s a plastic key card sir. You also need it to activate the lift and when you get to your room, plug it into the switch on the left as you open the door. It will automatically supply electricity to the room. Any help with your baggage? No? Then enjoy your stay”. The accomplished young Pole smiled as he delivered the final command and duly processed, I proceeded to the card activated lift.
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me to take a print of your credit card
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points poured out smoothly, no verbal
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if I would even see her when
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although it seemed virtually identical
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so sure was I that nobody would
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me to help you with your luggage
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as if I am being processed like a product
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Task 27
Lindsay Wildlife Museum
Lindsay Wildlife Museum is a unique natural history and environmental education centre where visitors can listen to the cry of a red-tailed hawk, go eye-to-eye with a grey fox and watch a bald eagle eat lunch. More than fifty species of native California animals are on exhibit here.
Thousands of school children learn about the natural environment in their classrooms A ____ of the museum. Nature- and science- oriented classes and trips are offered for adults and children. More than 600 volunteers help to feed and care for wild animals, В _____. Volunteers are active in the museum’s work, contributing С ____.
The museum was founded by a local businessman, Alexander Lindsay. Sandy, as friends knew him, started teaching neighborhood children about nature in the early 1950s. Initially housed in an elementary school, the museum began offering school-aged children summer classes, D ____.
After nearly a decade of the museum operation, it became apparent E ____. With a new 5,000 square-foot home, the museum could now develop and display a permanent collection of live, native wildlife and natural history objects. People came to the museum for help with wild animals F ___ urban growth. In response, a formal wildlife rehabilitation programme — the first of its kind in the United States of America — began in 1970.
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that a permanent, year-round site was necessary
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as well as field trips focused on the natural world
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many hours of service to wildlife care and fundraising
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that had been injured or orphaned because of intense
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that needed public attention and a new building
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as well as teach children and adults about nature
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through education programmes and on-site tours
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Task 28
America’s fun place on America’s main street
If any city were considered a part of every citizen in the United States, it would be Washington, DC. To many, the Old Post Office Pavilion serves A ____. If you are in the area, be a part of it all by visiting us — or В ____. Doing so will keep you aware of the latest musical events, great happenings and international dining, to say the least.
Originally built in 1899, the Old Post Office Pavilion embodied the modern spirit С ____. Today, our architecture and spirit of innovation continues to evolve and thrive. And, thanks to forward-thinking people, you can now stroll through the Old Post Office Pavilion and experience both D ____ with international food, eclectic shopping and musical events. All designed to entertain lunch, mid-day and after work audiences all week long.
A highlight of the Old Post Office Pavilion is its 315-foot Clock Tower. Offering a breath-taking view of the city, National Park Service Rangers give free Clock Tower tours every day! Individuals and large tour groups are all welcome. The Old Post Office Clock Tower also proudly houses the official United States Bells of Congress, a gift from England E ____. The Washington Ringing Society sounds the Bells of Congress every Thursday evening and on special occasions.
Visit the Old Post Office Pavilion, right on Pennsylvania Avenue between the White House and the Capitol. It is a great opportunity F ____, this is a landmark not to be missed no matter your age.
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that are offered to the visitors
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its glamorous past and fun-filled present
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as a landmark reminder of wonderful experiences
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by joining our e-community
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that was sweeping the country
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celebrating the end of the Revolutionary War
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to learn more about American history
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Task 29
Number of teenagers with Saturday job drops
The number of teenagers with Saturday jobs has dropped. Young people do not acquire any experience for their CVs — a crucial step towards getting full-time work. The proportion of teenagers combining part-time jobs with school or college has slumped from 40% in the 1990s to around 20% now, according to the UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES), a government agency. Latest figures show that only A ____ in 1997.
The trend is not just recession-related, but the result of an increasing expectation В ____ well as a falling number of Saturday jobs, according to the report. Many of the jobs that young people do, such as bar work, are in long-term decline, and are forecast to decline further over the next decade.
«Recruiters place significant emphasis on experience С ____,» the report says. Word of mouth is the most common way to get a job, D _____ young people are unable to build up informal contacts, it adds.
Ms. Todd, a commissioner at the UKCES, said: «There’s more emphasis on doing well at school, young people are finding less time to do what they would have done a few years ago.» «I think it’s also the changing structure of the labour market. Retail is still a big employer, E ____. As a consequence, we need to think about how we get young people the work experience they need.»
A new initiative to send employees into state schools to talk about their careers was also launched recently. The scheme, Inspiring the Future, is meant to give state schoolchildren access to the kind of careers advice that private schools offer. The deputy prime minister said: «The power of making connections F ____ and can be life-changing.»
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that it was researching the system of funding education after 16
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260,000 teenagers have a Saturday job compared with 435,000
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but young people are leaving education increasingly less experienced
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that inspire young people is immeasurable
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but an increasing shortage of work experience means
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that young people should stay on at school, as
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but a lot more of it is being done online
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Task 30
Lots of fun in Cardiff
As you would expect of a capital city, Cardiff offers a huge choice of exciting sport and entertainment throughout the year.
Every March the city celebrates St. David, Wales’ patron saint, with parades and music. August sees the International Festival of Street Entertainment, with the heart of the city A ____. Family fun days in the parks and at the waterfront are part of this sensational summer scene. Brass and military bands are often to be seen on Cardiff s streets. Between May and October the world’s only seagoing paddle steamer cruises from Cardiff’s seaside resort.
In autumn the fun continues with Cardiff s Festival of the Arts В _____. Music is at the centre of the festival, with international stars С ____. Christmas in Cardiff is full of colour and festivities. The truly spectacular Christmas illuminations have earned Cardiff the title of «Christmas City». And there is entertainment for all the family, D ____.
There is always something happening in Cardiff. The BBC National Orchestra of Wales and Welsh National Opera can both be heard here. Cardiff previews many London «West End» shows E _____.
The city’s range of accommodation facilities is truly impressive, F ____. And with a city as compact as Cardiff there are places to stay in all price brackets.
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from international names to family-run guest houses
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joining some of Wales’ most talented musicians
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having their summer holidays in Cardiff
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that usually attract hundreds of theatre lovers
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which features music, film, literature and graphics
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from pantomimes to Christmas tree celebrations
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beating with dance and theatrical performances
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Task 31
Changing image
For more than 200 years Madame Tussaud’s has been attracting tourists from all over the world and it remains just as popular as it ever was. There are many reasons for this enduring success, but at the heart of it all is good, old-fashioned curiosity.
Madame Tussaud’s original concept has entered a brand new era of interactive entertainment A _____. Today’s visitors are sent on a breathtaking journey in black cabs through hundreds of years of the past. They have a unique chance to see the great legends of history, В _____ of politics.
Much of the figure construction technique follows the traditional pattern, beginning whenever possible with the subject С _____ and personal characteristics. The surprising likeliness of the wax portraits also owes much to many stars D _____, either by providing their stage clothes, or simply giving useful advice.
The museum continues constantly to add figures E ____ popularity. The attraction also continues to expand globally with established international branches in New York, Hong Kong, Amsterdam and many other cities. And they all have the same rich mix of interaction, authenticity and local appeal.
The museum provides a stimulating and educational environment for schoolchildren. Its specialists are working together with practicing teachers and educational advisors to create different programmes of activities, F ____.
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as well as resources on art, technology and drama
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as well as the idols of popular music and the icons
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who is sitting to determine exact measurements
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ranging from special effects to fully animated figures
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ranging from all kinds of souvenirs to sports equipment
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that reflect contemporary public opinion and celebrity
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who are eager to help in any possible way they can
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Task 32
Saturday jobs: memories of weekend working
Research has shown a sharp fall in the number of teenagers who do Saturday jobs. It seems such a shame — my Saturday job as a kitchen porter was something of a rite of passage. I’ll never forget long hours A _____, scouring grease off huge saucepans and griddles. Working atmosphere there helped me grow a thicker skin, develop quicker banter and, most importantly, taught me the value of hard work. It also resulted in a steady supply of cash, В ____. I’m not the only one who has strong memories of weekend work. DJ Trevor Nelson said everyone should be able to have a Saturday job: «It taught me a lot, С ____.»
The link between the type of Saturday job a celebrity performed and their later career is sometimes obvious. Dragon’s Den star and businessman Peter Jones, for example, showed early promise by starting his own business. «I passed my Lawn Tennis Association coaching exam, D ____,» he explains. «At the start I was coaching other kids, E ____, for which I could charge £25-30 an hour. While my friends on milk rounds were getting £35 a week, I was doing five hours on a Saturday and earning four times as much.»
Skier Chemmy Alcott got a job working for the Good Ski Guide, on the advertising side. «It became clear to me what my personal value to companies could be. It led directly to me finding my head sponsor … and it offered me an eight-year contract. That gave me the financial backing F ____.»
As part of its response to the Saturday job statistics, the UK Commission for Employment and Skills said a lack of early work opportunities makes it harder for young people to acquire experience for their СVs.
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and things would be different if everyone was given the chance
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which let me know he approved of me
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and I persuaded my local club to let me use a court on Saturdays
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which I needed to become a professional skier
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which I would happily spend as I liked
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that I spent in the kitchen of a busy country pub in East Sussex
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but soon I got adults wanting to book lessons
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Task 33
Orient Express
In the early 1860s, trains were the preferred way to travel. They weren’t particularly comfortable, however, until American engineer George Mortimer Pullman decided to make trains more luxurious.
By the late 1860s, trains furnished not only sleeping cars, but kitchen and dining facilities, where A _____. This was innovative for the time, and was aimed to encourage people В _____. The first of these Pullman trains in England ran from London to Brighton and used electricity for illumination.
In 1881, another railway entrepreneur, George Nagelmacker, introduced the use of a restaurant car onboard, and the first Orient Express train service was begun. Running from Paris to Romania the route included Strasbourg, Vienna, Budapest and Bucharest.
Thanks to the 12 mile Simplon Tunnel, С _____, the Orient Express expanded, including a route to Istanbul, and the legendary romance of the Orient Express was in full swing.
Everyone in the social register, including royalty, chose to travel on the wheels of that luxury hotel D _____ in wealthy surroundings. Legends, stories, and intrigue surrounded those trips to exotic places, and those famous people E _____.
Unfortunately, during World War II this luxury travel was closed for the most part, and later, after the war, F ____ to start it again. Within the next few years airplane travel became popular, and train passenger service declined.
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elegant meals were served to passengers
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to use trains for long distance travel and vacations
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who rode the train
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who wrote about it
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which connected Switzerland and Italy
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that served dishes and wines
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there was no money
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Task 34
Arizona’s world class cruise
Spectacular Canyon Lake is situated in the heart of the Superstition Mountains in Arizona, giving home to the Dolly Steamboat. The Dolly Steamboat, A ____, now cruises the secluded inner waterways of this beautiful lake. It is worth exploring this favourite destination of President Theodore Roosevelt who declared, «The Apache Trail and surrounding area combines the grandeur of the Alps, the glory of the Rockies, the magnificence of the Grand Canyon and then adds something В ____.» You will marvel as you travel up to the national forest, which provides the most inspiring and beautiful panorama С ____. Every trip brings new discoveries of rock formations, geological history, and the flora and fauna distinct to the deserts of Arizona.
Once aboard the Dolly Steamboat, you may view the majestic desert big horn sheep, bald eagles and a host bird of other wildlife, water fowl, D ____. Experience the unique sound harmony that is created by the waters of Canyon Lake. Stretch out and relax at one of the tables or stand next to the railings on the deck. There is plenty of leg room on the Dolly. You will get a unique chance to listen to the captain E ____.
All the passengers are treated with outstanding service and personal attention to every need. Feel free to ask questions, move about and mingle with the crew. So enjoy an unforgettable vacation cruise and see F ____ ,like a ride on Arizona’s Dolly Steamboat.
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that nature has ever created in the wild
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that none of the others have
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hovering over the magnificent lake
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who retells the legends of the mysterious past
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for yourself why there is nothing quite
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who pays much attention to children’s safety
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continuing a tradition of cruising since 1925
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Task 35
US Congress
The Congress of the United States of America is an important part of the US federal government.
It is an assembly of elected representatives A ____ but not to select the chief executive of the nation; that individual is elected by the people.
Congress is not a single organization; it is a vast and complex collection of organizations B ____ and through which members of Congress form alliances.
C ____, in which political parties are the only important kind of organization, parties are only one of many important units in Congress.
In fact other organizations have grown in number D ____.
The Democrats and Republicans in the House and the Senate are organized by party leaders, E ____ within the House and Senate. The party structure is essentially the same in the House as in the Senate, though the titles of various posts are different.
But leadership carries more power in the House than in the Senate because of the House rules. F _____, the House must restrict debate and schedule its business with great care; thus leaders who do the scheduling and who determine how the rules shall be applied usually have substantial influence.
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as party influence has declined
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against the spirit of the Constitution
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being so large (435 members)
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empowered to make laws
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unlike the British Parliament
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by which the business of Congress is carried on
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who in turn are elected by the full party membership
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Task 36
The Trailblazers
In the early 1800s, the area that would become the western United States was completely undeveloped.
Explorers, hunters, traders, and settlers had to blaze their own trails. A____ to move possessions and supplies became common place.
Manifest Destiny was the belief that Americans had a God-given right to take over the continent. As they moved west, settlers used this policy B_____ to new people and territories.
Trails increased trade opportunities between western and eastern regions, and the U.S. economy prospered C_____ on each other for goods.
To achieve Manifest Destiny, the United States purchased land from other countries or conquered territory D_____ until its borders stretched from coast to coast.
More than one-half million people chose to travel West on trails between 1800 and 1870, E_____.
As new technology spread across the West, however, the use of trails came to an end. The railroads built thousands of miles of tracks, and, F ____, a cheap, relatively safe, and quick way to transport people and supplies to western areas existed.
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to spread U.S. ideas and government
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for the first time in history
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thus replacing them forever
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as territories became interdependent
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the use of covered wagons
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by taking land from Native peoples
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forming the largest mass migration in history
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Task 37
A Young Mayor
This is a very unusual case, but as you will see, unusual doesn’t mean impossible.
An 18-year-old school girl has become the youngest mayor of a British town in history. Amanda Bracebridge, A_____, won leadership of Clun village council in a dramatic election last night. The tiny village only has 122 voters and Amanda won the election by just two votes from the only other candidate, 69-year-old Fred Gardner of the Conservative party. Amanda, B _____, was an independent candidate. She was surprised by her success, C _____. “My election promise was to make sure D _____,” she told us. She was referring to the plans from a large company to buy up farmland and build flats there. “We live in one of the most beautiful villages in Shropshire and I want to make sure it stays that way.”
Amanda, who is in her last year at nearby Bishop’s Castle High School, E _____ and her exams which she takes in two months. “It’s going to be a pretty busy few months,” she said. “But when the exams are over I will be able to concentrate completely on helping my village”.
Amanda had plans to go to university but is now going to start a year later F _____. “I’ve talked to Leeds University and they say my place will wait for me”. And what is she going to study? Politics? “No, actually, I am going to do sociology and economics”.
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who is not a member of any political party
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that our village would be protected from outside interests
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but it was not a total shock to her
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being a politics student at the university
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so she can do her job as mayor properly
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who is only just old enough to vote herself
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will have to find time for her work as mayor
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Task 38
Is there enough to say?
They only appeared about ten years ago but already they are everywhere, everyone’s got one. They are the wonder of the modern age — mobile phones, or cell phones, A ____. Apparently, mobile phones are now used by about 2.5 billion people worldwide, and about one billion new mobile phones are sold every year worldwide. Go back to 1997, and only 100 million were sold. As we can see, the mobile phone business B_____.
And the developments keep on coming. Once we could only make phone calls; now mobile phones C_____ and do many other useful things. Once we had to hold our mobile phones in our hand; now we can use throat microphones. What next? We are told that soon, tiny microphones will be implanted into our lips. We’ll be able to dial numbers just by saying them.
But surely we need to ask ourselves: What’s good about this? OK, we can talk to other people almost all the time now — but is that so great? Watch and listen to people when a plane has landed. Anxious D _____, dial a number, and then: “It’s me, I’m here. I’ll be there in twenty minutes.” Is this communication? Is this what all these years of technology have brought us to?
In the early days of communication there were letters. When they arrived at your house, you knew they had been delivered by a man E _____.
In those days, people would think very hard before they wrote a letter. You had to have a good reason to write — communication was serious. Now it’s not — people phone each other F ____. Once the phone was a way for people far away from each other to talk — now it’s just an excuse to talk.
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has been developed very quickly
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not understand why they are doing it for
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as Americans call them
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riding halfway across the country on a horse
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just because they can
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can also be used to take and send photos
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fingers immediately switch on the mobile phone
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Task 39
Promoting language learning
The European Union (EU) is committed to supporting the rights of its citizens to personal and professional mobility, and their ability to communicate with each other. It does so by A_____ to promote the teaching and learning of European languages. These programmes have at least one thing in common: they cover cross-border projects involving partners from two, and often three or more, EU countries.
The EU programmes are designed to complement the national education policies of member countries. Each government is responsible for its own national education policy, B_____. What the EU programmes do is to create links between countries and regions via joint projects, C____.
Since 2007 the main programmes have been put under the overall umbrella of the EU’s lifelong learning programme. All languages are eligible for support under this programme: official languages, regional, minority and migrant languages, D____. There are national information centres in each country, E_____.
The cultural programmes of the EU also promote linguistic and cultural diversity in a number of ways. The “Media” programme funds the dubbing and subtitling of European films for F ____. The “Culture” programme builds cross-cultural bridges by supporting the translation of modern authors into other EU languages.
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and the languages of the EU’s major trading partners
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which includes language teaching and learning
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cinemas and television in other EU countries
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which enhance the impact of language teaching and learning
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funding a number of educational programmes
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and encouraging people to learn new languages
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where details about the application procedures are given
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Task 40
Starting your own business
What are the reasons for starting your own business? One of them is because you believe you are the best in that line or because you have a product or service that has never been offered to the market before. Another is that you are a person in a real hurry and cannot suffer the A_____ to reach your goals. Sometimes it is because you have an inheritance B_____ soon after you set up a business or that there already is a cash purse with loose strings and you want to make the best of this bonanza.
If your reasons are any or all of the above, abandon the thought right now and save yourself the disillusionment C____ into the world of commerce.
Start your own business just for the sake of doing a trade, or for D____. Do not burden yourself with lofty notions of superiority when compared to your peers. When setting out to start your own business, be emotional about it, but not impractical; don’t be led by your heart, but be dictated by your mind.
Having covered those parts that are not taught in a business school, let us look at E____ your own business. You should start with a SWOT analysis – strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats – analyze these for yourself, for partners in your business, if any, and for the business itself.
If the result of the analysis is encouraging, then prepare a business plan. It is like a road map for actions in the near foreseeable future to achieve your business goals. Finally, execute the business plan with precision; tweak it as you go along, only so that it helps to meet the end goal of successfully F_____ the business.
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the essentials of starting
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that awaits when you step
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trials and tribulations of employment
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establishing and conducting
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preparing a business plan
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waiting to be acquired
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undertaking the commercial activity
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Task 41
Archaeology done underwater
Nautical archaeology is the science of finding, collecting, preserving, and studying human objects that have become lost or buried under water. It is a fairly modern field of study since it depends on having the technology to be able to remain underwater for some time to do real work. Whether it is conducted in freshwater or in the sea, A____, nautical archaeology is another way of learning more about the human past.
Although some use the words nautical archaeology to mean a specialized branch of underwater archaeology, B____, most consider the term to mean the same as the words underwater archaeology or marine
archaeology. All of these interchangeable terms mean simply C_____.
Once real trade began, it is safe to say D_____ was probably transported over water at some point in time. By studying submerged objects, we can learn more about past human cultures. In fact, studying ancient artifacts is the only way to learn anything about human societies E_____. Being able to examine the actual objects made and used by ancient people not only adds to the written records they left behind, but allows us to get much closer to the reality of what life was like when they lived. Also, if we pay close attention to how the objects were made and used, we begin to get a more realistic picture of F_____.
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that existed long before the invention of writing
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that nearly every object made by humans
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what those people were really like
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which is concerned only with ships and the history of seafaring
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that it is the study of archaeology done underwater
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and whether it finds sunken ships or old cities
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and what was discovered underwater
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Task 42
Visiting the Royal Parks
London has a well-deserved reputation as one of the greenest cities in Europe, with a huge number of open spaces across the center of the city. Tourists A_____ can always relax in a lovely, quiet London park.
The Royal Parks, such as St James’s, Green Park, the Regent’s Park, Hyde Park, Richmond, Greenwich, Bushy Park and Kensington Gardens, are beautifully maintained and popular with locals and visitors alike. Many are former hunting estates of English monarchs, preserved as open space B______. They are ideal places to relax and sunbathe in summer, enjoy gorgeous flower beds in spring C_____.
The Royal Parks provide fantastic green routes in London D______ and through some of the most attractive areas of the capital. Picnics in the parks are also a popular activity especially during the busy summer months.
Dogs are welcome in all the Royal Parks, although there are some places E_____. These are clearly indicated within each park and are usually ecologically sensitive sites, children’s play areas, restaurants, cafes and some sports areas. Ground nesting birds are particularly sensitive to disturbance by dogs and people. So it is necessary to observe the warning signs F____. In Bushy Park and Richmond Park dogs should be kept away from the deer.
The Royal Parks are for everyone to enjoy.
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that are displayed during the nesting season
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while the city has grown up around them
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and admire the changing leaves as autumn arrives
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where they are not allowed or should be kept on a lead
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who are tired of the noise, crowds and excitement of sightseeing
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who does not know the route to the place of destination
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that take cyclists away from traffic
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Task 43
The Survival of the Welsh Language
Wales is a small country of just over 3 million people, on the north west seaboard of Europe. Despite many historical incursions of other peoples, particularly the English, it has preserved its ancient Celtic language, A_____. Welsh is habitually spoken by about 10% of the people, half understood by a further 10%, and not spoken at all by the majority in this ‘bilingual’ society.
Up to the First World War most people were Welsh speaking, especially in the mountains of North Wales. The English-speaking areas were along the more fertile coastal plains. On the whole there was an easy tolerance of the two languages, B______.
By 1919 there was a considerable drop in Welsh speakers. This was due to the large flows of capital investment from England into the South Wales coalfield, C_____.
Now, D_____, commerce and everyday business were carried out in English.
In the rural mountain areas 80% to 85% of the population were Welsh speakers, E ____. However, in the coalfield country of Glamorgan 70% spoke English only, and in its neighbour border county the figure was over 90%.
By 1931 the number of people able to speak Welsh in the whole of Wales had fallen to 37% of the population, F ____. It continued to drop and reached its lowest – 18.6% — in the 1990s. But by the start of the 21st century, numbers had begun to increase again and reached 21.7% in 2004!
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as well as education and the law
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the only one of a number of allied languages that remain
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with radio and the English press further speeding the decline
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many being able to speak Welsh only
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where Welsh was studied as language and literature in an academic manner
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apart from the fact that Welsh was not permitted to be used at all in the schools
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bringing a flood of immigrant labour from all over Britain
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Task 44
Secrets of Long Life
There are places in the world where people live longer than anywhere else. The remote Japanese island of Okinawa is one of these places. While the lifespan in Britain is 77 years for men and 81 for women, Okinawa has a population of about one million, of which 900 are centenarians — A_____ in Britain or the USA. So what is their secret of long life?
«The calendar may say they’re 80, but their body says they’re 60,» says Bradley Willcox, a scientist researching the extraordinary phenomenon. The research has shown hormonal differences between Okinawans and B____ but their longevity has been linked to diet. They eat more tofu and soya than any other people in the world and also enjoy a range of different fruit and vegetables, all rich in anti-oxidants. But the most significant thing isn’t what they eat but how much. The Okinawans C_____ known as ‘hara hachi bu’, which translates as ‘eat until you are only 80 % full’.
Scientists refer to this way of eating as ‘caloric restrictions’. No-one knows exactly why it works, but scientists believe it D_____ that there is the danger of famine. This in turn E_____ and so may lead to better preservation and slower aging.
«It’s a stark contrast with the cultural habits that drive food consumption in F____ » says Mr. Willcox. If we look at high streets and supermarkets in most other countries, you will see that he is right. Restaurants offer all-you-can-eat menus and supersize portions. Supermarkets are full of special offers encouraging us to buy more food than we need.
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make it a healthy diet
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other parts of the world
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four times higher than the average
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have a cultural tradition
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sends a signal to the body
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the rest of the population
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makes the body protect itself
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Task 45
Beaches of Portugal
Covering more than 850 km, the Portuguese coast boasts such a large number of fine, white sandy beaches that it is almost impossible to keep count. All bathed by the Atlantic Ocean and all different, their beauty is hard to describe, so there is nothing better A _____.
The most famous are in the Algarve. With three thousand hours of sun per year and warm waters, there are beaches to suit every taste and many dreamlike resorts. The choices are many, from sandy stretches extending as far as the eye can see B ______, the trade image of the region. They are always accompanied by a calm clear sea, C_____.
In Costa da Caparica, the beaches are particularly dear to Lisbonites D _____ for sun and sea bathing. There are deserted beaches here too, of a wild beauty, E ____ nature. In the centre, tourists will find very wide sandy stretches, to which traditional fishing adds a picturesque touch. And further north, the colder waters and the invigorating sea are tempered by the welcoming atmosphere and the clean air of the mountains and the forests.
Despite all their differences, all beaches share one thing – quality. They are safe and offer a wide range of support and recreational services, F ____. And a large number of Portuguese beaches are granted the European blue flag every year, a distinction that is a sign of their excellent conditions.
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where one can enjoy close contact with
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which meet every need of their users
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than to discover them once for oneself
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who has never been to this wonderful city
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which is ideal for various water sports
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to the smaller coves, sheltered by huge cliffs
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who have different options around the capital
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Task 46
The Joy of Reading
Have you ever wondered why people read? Why reading is one of the few things A _____ for thousands of years? Even before reading became available to the general public, stories were told around campfires, passed down from generation to generation.
First of all, stories are a good way to escape from your ordinary life, to get immersed in another world, if only for a little time. While reading, you can imagine yourself in different situations B _____, but in the moment that doesn’t matter. Whether you’re suffering from depression or are just bored, reading is a great distraction.
Similarly, another reason people are attracted to stories, is because they are lonely, very often they feel as if they are the only ones in the world C _____. Identifying with a fictional character can make a big difference in helping a person understand D _____.
Other people read because it can be a good way to relax. It can be very nice to sit down and enjoy a good plot unfold, to watch the actions of fictional characters from the side, and to see the consequences of these actions, E ____.
Lastly, people read because it is the easiest way to gain knowledge in a certain area. Instead of finding a teacher, you can just find a book, sit down, and spend a few hours reading. This way you can study wherever you want, whenever you want F _____.
There are countless books in the world, and whoever you are, whatever you’re feeling, there is definitely a book out there, just waiting for you to discover it.
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try to avoid the boredom of life
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that has consistently remained part of society
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that they are not alone
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going through something difficult
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without having to bear any responsibility
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that range from unlikely to impossible
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at your own pace
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Task 47
Peter and Paul Fortress
The Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the history of the fortress.
Since 1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known A____.
The fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B____. The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C____, has remained since the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D____ emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross, E____, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress F____ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.
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as the day of the birth of St. Petersburg
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which was designed by D. Trezzini
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which was the burial place of Russian
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and reminding of the rich history of the city
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as the most protected part of the city
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which is located on the spire of the cathedral
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that are located at the corners
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Task 48
Surviving in a Desert
A desert is defined as a place that gets less than 250 mm of rain each year. It differs sharply from the climate of a rain forest, A _____.
Arid desert lands cover about one third of the earth’s surface. Most deserts are covered with sand, B _____. There are also usually a lot of rocky areas. This combination of sand and rock means that the soil is not very fertile. C ____, some living things are able to do well in this setting. Many plants have changed and developed in ways D____. These changes have become apparent in a number of ways. Some plants are able to grow very quickly E____. They turn green and produce flowers within just a few days. Other desert plants simply stop growing in very dry weather. They appear to be dead, but when the rain returns, they come back to life and begin growing again.
Desert animals have also developed many characteristics that help them to survive in arid environment. Camels can go for a very long time without drinking. Other animals, such as snakes and rats, find cool places to sleep during the day and come out only at night. The extremely long ears of desert rabbits help them F_____. Changes like these have allowed some animals and plants to grow and develop successfully in a very challenging ecological system: the desert.
There are countless books in the world, and whoever you are, whatever you’re feeling, there is definitely a book out there, just waiting for you to discover it.
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which is often in the form of hills called sand dunes
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whenever it rains
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to find water as far as 25 metres away
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which can receive up to 10,000 mm of rain annually
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to better distribute their body heat and stay cool
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even though the desert environment is very dry and hot
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that help them to live in the desert
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Task 49
Nevsky Prospect
Nevsky Prospect is the main and most famous street of St. Petersburg. The unique architectural ensemble of Nevsky Prospect was formed during the 18th – early 20th centuries. It starts from the bank of the Neva River, runs through the centre of the city and ends at the Neva River. The whole history of St. Petersburg can be seen in the history of the avenue. Nevsky Prospect is 4.5 km long and 25-60 m wide. The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River, A_____.
After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road B_____ each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants. The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road, C_____, but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky Prospect got its name only in 1783. The road was paved with cobble stones, D_____. It was the first street in St. Petersburg with gas lighting. By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial centre of Russia E____ had their offices there.
Nowadays, Nevsky Prospect is the centre of cultural and social life of St. Petersburg. There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants, cafés, shops F____.
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and hotels there or nearby the avenue
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showing the original width of the avenue
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which was not as straight as it was planned
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which were built by famous architects and
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connecting these two important structures with
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and a few rows of trees were planted along the street
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as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America
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Task 50
Whales in a Noisy Ocean
Whales use sound in very different ways. Some whales produce songs that travel over vast distances. They also use echolocation, like bats, A _____. But other noise in the ocean creates a problem for the whales.
Since 1987, the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) has sent their research vessel Song of the Whale around the world B _____. During the travels, the Song of the Whale scientists have developed expertise C ____ to listen to and record the sounds that the animals make. Thishelps them to track, identify, and survey different species.
One of the threats facing whales and other marine animals is noise pollution in the seas, such as noise from drilling, military activities, oil exploration, and coastal construction. This noise can cause great distress to whales and dolphins and can D _____.
It is feared this noise pollution may cause mass strandings, E _____. If the Song of the Whale team can F ____, then hopefully the nature and location of disturbing noise can be changed.
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in using underwater microphones
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to locate food and find their way
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result in injury and even death
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track and identify their habitats
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to filter out food from the water
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to provide a platform for marine research
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when large numbers come ashore
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Task 51
Unique nature of Kamchatka
Kamchatka is a peninsula located in the north-eastern part of Russia. It is surrounded with the Okhotskoye Sea, the Beringovo Sea and the Pacific Ocean. This region has a very unique environment A_____ one is looking for picturesque views, unforgettable travels and unity with nature.
Kamchatka is famous for its volcanoes, B_____. Volcanoes are represented on Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the most eastern city in the northern hemisphere, coat of arms as well. There are more than 300 volcanoes
in Kamchatka, from 28 up to 36 of them are active, or potentially active. Kamchatka volcanoes are included in the list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
The region is also known C____ — rivers and lakes. Many Kamchatka rivers spring from mountain tops and glaciers, that is why they are very clean, and it is wonderful for those D_____. In general, there are up to 14 thousand rivers and streams, 100 thousand lakes and 414 glaciers in Kamchatka.
Kamchatka is a home to the Valley of Geysers, E_____ geysers in the world, after Icelandic geyser fields. It is not easily accessible, as long as it is too unique to be opened for tourists all the time. The Valley of Geysers’ ecosystem is very vulnerable, F_____ and regulate the visiting. In fact, the larger part of Kamchatka is preserved. There are many nature reserves and nature parks in Kamchatka.
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which are depicted on most souvenirs there
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so it is necessary to monitor it all the time
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who love fishing, including Kamchatka bears
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which has the second largest concentration of
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to be a place of many water sources
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to be a popular nature reserve and health resort
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that makes it a place to visit when
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Task 52
The life of Pi
«The Life of Pi» published in 2001 is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel. It has A_____, won several prizes and been translated into forty-one languages.
At the start of the book, we B____ in India. His father owns the city zoo and the family home is in the zoo. When they aren’t at school, Pi and his brother help their father at the zoo and he learns a lot about animals.
When Pi is sixteen, his parents decide to close the zoo and move to Canada. They travel by ship taking the animals with them. On the way, there is C_____. Sadly, Pi’s family and the sailors all die in the storm, but Pi lives and finds himself in a lifeboat with a hyena, zebra, orangutan and an enormous tiger. At first, Pi is scared of the animals and jumps into the ocean. Then he remembers there are sharks in the water and decides to climb back into the lifeboat. One by one, the animals in the lifeboat kill and eat each other, till only Pi and the tiger are left alive. Luckily for Pi, there is D_____, but he soon needs to start catching fish. He feeds the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and E_____ and show it that he’s the boss.
Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and the burning heat of the Pacific sun. They are often hungry and ill. Finally, they arrive at the coast of Mexico, but you will have to F_____ in the end!
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read the book to find out what happens
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some food and water on the lifeboat
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his knowledge of animals to control the tiger
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received an award for being strong
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sold seven million copies worldwide
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learn about Pi’s childhood in Pondicherry
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a terrible storm and the ship sinks
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Task 53
Santa Claus
The man we know as Santa Claus has a history all to his own. Today, he is thought of mainly as the jolly man in red, but his story A_____ the 3rd century to a monk named St. Nicholas. It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around 280 AD in modern-day Turkey. Much admired for his kindness, St. Nicholas B_____. It is said that he gave away all of his inherited wealth and traveled the countryside helping the poor and sick. Over the course of many years, Nicholas’s popularity spread and he became known as the protector of children and sailors. His feast day C_____ his death, December 6. This was traditionally considered a lucky day to make large purchases or to get married. By the Renaissance, St. Nicholas was the most popular saint in Europe.
St. Nicholas first D______ at the end of the 18th century. The name Santa Claus evolved from a Dutch shortened form of Sint Nikolaas. As his popularity grew, Sinter Klaas was described as everything from a jocker with a blue three-cornered hat, red waistcoat, and yellow stockings to a man wearing a broad-brimmed hat and a huge pair of Flemish trousers.
In the 19th centuries big stores E_____ using images of the newly-popular Santa Claus. In 1841, thousands of children visited a Philadelphia shop to see a life-size Santa Claus model. It F_____ before stores began to attract children, and their parents, with the lure of a peek at the “real-life” Santa Claus with his famous white beard and red gown.
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began to advertise Christmas shopping
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became the subject of many legends
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began dressing up unemployed men in
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was only a matter of time
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stretches all the way back to
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Task 54
Welcome to the Smithsonian
When you visit any of the Smithsonian’s 19 museums and galleries or the National zoo, you are entering the largest museum complex in the world. This complex holds about 137 million unique objects in its trust for the American people.
The Smithsonian was established in 1846 with funds given to the United States by James Smithson, an English scientist. The main idea was to increase and spread knowledge for free. And now all Smithsonian institutions are still devoted to public education, A__________ history.
Ten Smithsonian museums and galleries are located in the centre of the U.S. capital. Six other museums and the National zoo are nearby in the Washington metropolitan area, B__________.
The 19th and the newest museum C__________ is the National Museum of African American history and culture. It is now operating in the form of a virtual museum. Its key feature is the memory book, D__________. These diverse memories are linked to each other and to the museum content, E__________.
The Smithsonian complex is home to the world’s foremost research centres in science, the arts and the humanities. Besides the basic research F__________, there are a number of special facilities. Conservation centre at the zoo studies rare and endangered species, environment centre carries out research in ecosystems in the coastal area.
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that is carried on regularly in each of the museums
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providing different materials in the arts, science and
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placing a spotlight on people and events in African American history
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that has been established within the Smithsonian complex
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which allows website visitors to upload their own stories or images
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and visitors can enjoy watching rare exhibits on
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and two museums are situated in New York City
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Task 55
National Gallery of Art
The National Gallery of Art was created in Washington D.C. for the people of the United States in 1937. It started with the gift of the financier and art collector A__________. His gift also included a building to house the new museum, to be constructed on the National Mall. Opened to the public in 1941, this grand building, B__________, was at the time the largest marble structure in the world.
The newly created National Gallery soon attracted similar gifts from hundreds of other collectors. This tradition of generosity continues to this day with gifts from private donors and artists C__________.
The gallery’s East building contains the collection of modern and contemporary painting, sculpture, D__________. The East and West buildings are connected by an underground tunnel with a moving walkway.
The National Gallery enjoys federal support, E__________, to fulfill its mission to exhibit and interpret great works of European and American art in the nation’s collection. Since its founding, federal funds have fostered the protection and care of the art collection and have supported the gallery’s work, ensuring F__________. Private funding helped to create a renowned collection of works of art and to construct the two landmark buildings. Private support makes possible to arrange a changing programme of special exhibitions.
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which is now called the West building
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that the gallery brings daily profit to the country
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who are willing to share their possessions with the public
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who presented old master paintings and sculptures to the country
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as well as partnership with private organizations
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that the gallery is open daily and free of charge
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as well as an advanced research centre and an art library
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Task 56
Healthy school meals
Children at Southdown Infants School in Bath enjoy tasty homemade meals such as roast turkey with fresh vegetables, chicken, salad and fresh fruit for pudding. Vegetables are A ____________. Instead of crisps, chocolate and sweets, the school canteen serves organic carrots, dried fruit and fresh seasonal fruit in bags for 10p, B ______________.
Southdown’s healthy eating initiative began four years ago with the start of a breakfast club.
Now Ms Culley, the head teacher of the school, says that the teachers very clearly see the link between diet and concentration. “Children’s concentration and behaviour C ______________.” The teachers would also like to give the children the experience of eating together. It turned out that some children weren’t used to that.
Pupils are also encouraged to find out more about where their food comes from by D ______________.
Parents are also involved and are invited in to try school dinners on special occasions, E _______________.
The efforts of staff, pupils and parents to create a healthy eating environment were recognized earlier this month F ______________ the Best School Dinner award.
Ms Culley said: “We are happy to win this award. Healthy eating is at the centre of everything we do. It’s really rewarding to see so many children enjoy real food.”
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such as Easter and Christmas
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visiting a local farm
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local, fresh and organic where possible
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provide good quality food
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definitely improve after a good meal
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and about 100 bags are sold each day
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when the school was awarded
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Task 57
Walking is not enough to keep fit
Walking may not be enough on its own to produce significant health benefits, research suggests. A team from Canada’s University of Alberta compared a 10,000-step exercise programme with a more traditional fitness regime of moderate intensity. Researchers found improvements A _______ were significantly higher in the second group. They told an American College of Sports Medicine meeting that gentle exercise was B __________. In total 128 people took C _________. The researchers assessed influence on fitness by measuring blood pressure and lung capacity. They found out the 10,000-step programme did help to get people motivated – and was an excellent way to start D _________. But to increase the effectiveness, some intensity must be added to their exercise. “Across your day, while you are achieving those 10,000 steps, take 200 to 400 of them at a faster pace. You’ve got to do more than light exercise and include regular moderate activity, and don’t be shy to have an occasional period of time at an energetic level.” The researchers were concerned there was too much focus E __________, rather than on its intensity.
Professor Stuart Biddle, an expert in exercise science at the University of Loughborough, said it was possible that the current guidelines on how much exercise to take were set too low. “However, you have got to find F ____. The harder you make it, the fewer people will actually do it.” Professor Biddle said there was no doubt that energetic exercise was the way to get fit, but volume rather than intensity might be more useful in tackling issues such as obesity.
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part in the project
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taking exercise
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gave marked health benefits
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in fitness levels
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on simply getting people to take exercise
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not enough to get fit
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a compromise between physiology and psychology
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Task 58
Double-decker Bus
A double-decker bus is a bus that has two levels. While double-decker long-distance buses are in widespread use around the world, A ____. Double-decker buses are popular in some European cities and in some parts of Asia, usually in former British colonies. Many towns around the world have a few that specialize in short sight-seeing tours for tourists because, as William Gladstone observed, «the way to see London is from the top of a ‘bus'».
Double-decker buses are taller than other buses. They are extensively used in the United Kingdom, B _____, removed from normal service in December 2005 — they still operate on heritage routes. Elsewhere in Europe, double-deckers are used throughout the Dublin Bus network in Ireland, where they are making a comeback on Dublin’s outer suburban routes and also the streets of Cork, Limerick, Galway and Waterford. They are a common sight in Berlin, where the BVG makes extensive use of them. Double-decker long-distance coaches are also in widespread use throughout Europe.
Most buses in Hong Kong and about half in Singapore are double-deckers as well. The only areas in North America that C _____ are the western Canadian province of British Columbia and the United States city of Las Vegas. They are currently being tested in Ottawa on the express routes. The city of Davis, California, in the United States uses vintage double-decker buses for public transport. Davis, California is also home to the first vintage double-decker bus converted from diesel gasoline to run on CNG. The city of Victoria, BC, the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, and a couple of others use Dennis Tridents. A few are also used as tour buses, especially in New York. Double-deckers are have also been used in Mumbai since 1937.
In Brazil, D _____, some companies use double-decker buses. Double-deckers are not a good option for use outside the towns (most roads in Brazil are in very poor condition), and E _____.
Double-decker buses are in widespread use in India in many of the major cities. Some double-decker buses F _____, with no roof and shallow sides. These are popular for sightseeing tours.
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double-deckers are adored by thousands of tourists
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use double-decker buses for public transport
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double-decker city buses are less common
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where perhaps the most famous was the London Routemaster
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their use is being discouraged by transportation authorities
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have an open upper deck
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where buses are sometimes the only interstate transport
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Task 59
Natural Links In a Long Chain of Being
I believe we are not alone.
Even if I am on the other side of the world from the farmhouse I live in, I still dream of the ancient vines out the window, and the shed out back that my grandfather’s father built in 1870 with eucalyptus trunks. As long as I can recreate these images, A ____.
All of us need some grounding in our modern world of constant moving, buying, selling, meeting and leaving. Some find constancy in religion, others in friends or community. But we need some daily signposts that we are not different, not better, B ____.
For me, this house, farm, these ancient vines are those roots. Although I came into this world alone and will leave alone, I am not alone.
There are ghosts of dozens of conversations in the hallways, stories I remember about buying new plows that now rust in the barnyard and ruined crops from the same vines C ____.
All of us are natural links in a long chain of being, and that I need to know what time of day it is, what season is coming, whether the wind is blowing north or from the east, and if the moon is still full tomorrow night, D _____.
The physical world around us constantly changes, E _____. We must struggle in our brief existence to find some transcendent meaning and so find relief in the knowledge F _____.
You may find that too boring, living with the past as present. I find it refreshing. There is an old answer to every new problem, that wise whispers of the past are with us. If we just listen and remember, we are not alone; we have been here before.
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I never quite leave home
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but human nature does not
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that we are now harvesting
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but we as well as our heart did not
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not worse than those who came before us
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just as the farmers who came before me did
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that our ancestors have gone through this before
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Task 60
The Show Begins
My Uncle Jim took me to all the Broadway shows in New York City, and I was star struck! Actually he wasn’t my real uncle – that’s just what we called him. He was a close friend of my parents. He was a bit stocky with red hair, A _________.
I remember the theaters on Broadway, B __________. The curtains were made of this real heavy, dark red material. There were huge chandelier lights hanging from the ceiling. The walls were dark, paneled wood. The seats were red and cushy C __________.
The orchestra sat at the base of the stage in a pit. I usually went down to the front to see the musicians D __________. They were all crammed into such a tiny space. I played the flute myself and my dad kept encouraging me that if I kept it up, E ___________. But truly, I didn’t want to be tucked away down there. I wanted to be on top, front and center.
Most people dressed rather finely, and certain fragrances took center stage as various women passed by. The sounds of the audience F __________ at their seats were clearly heard while last minute patrons filled in. There was electricity in the air and then the lights would go down and up, and you knew it was time for the show to get started. The lights dimmed. The music began. And you were swept up into a whole new world. I loved it!
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I could be playing down there someday
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and set real close together
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which were so old and posh
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and he had a beard and moustache
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I wasn’t that good at music
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getting ready and warming up
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laughing and chattering away
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Task 61
Scouting moves ahead
The Scout Movement, which is also known as the Boy Scouts has changed massively in more than 100 years, though many people do not realise this.
For many people in Britain the word “scouting” evokes images of boys in short trousers A__________. Many people imagine that the Scout Association and its female counterpart the Guides Association are old-fashioned. They think these associations are for people B__________ than the future, people who just like camping in the rain and washing in cold water.
It’s quite easy to understand why Scouts and Guides have this sort of image. The “Boy Scouts” were founded over 100 years ago by Robert Baden-Powell, a retired English army general; the “Girl Guides” followed three years later. They were organised in an almost military manner. Young people had to learn discipline and how to do things as a group. They C__________ in difficult conditions, learnt to make campfires and, yes, they certainly had to get used to washing in cold water. In those days though, that D__________ many people washed in cold water.
Nevertheless, even at the start, there was much more to scouting than that. Scouts and Guides also learned the value of solidarity. Right from the start, they had to cope with difficult situations, E__________, and play a useful part in society. Baden-Powell’s organisations were inclusive, and never exclusive; any young person could become a Scout or a Guide, regardless of race, background or religion.
Though the Scout and Guide movements began in England, they soon spread to other countries, and within 50 years, scouting F__________ with young people all over the world.
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who are more interested in the past
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and girls in blue uniforms
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that were generally better
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was not particularly unusual as
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went on camping expeditions
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interact with other people
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had become a popular activity
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Task 62
Skip the sun, get a glow the healthy way
Everyone at some point has wanted a “healthy glow,” whether it’s a must-have for summer, or a vacation, the thought of tan skin has crossed the minds of millions. If you are pale, it A__________. There is wild excitement when after a day in the sun your skin is tan, not burnt. Surely everyone is familiar with the famous conversation upon the realization that you got fried at the beach. Your friends reassure you with “Don’t worry it B__________.” It may all seem like fun and games at the time, but alarming new research C__________.
Some tan-seekers do it the old-fashioned way, grab a towel and hit the pool or beach. Recently, millions of young girls D__________ instead. Regardless of how the tan is achieved, any change in skin coloring is evidence of skin cell damage. This can lead to cancer. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, melanoma, or skin cancer, among people aged 18 to 39 has risen dramatically. In the United States the number of skin cancer cases due to tanning, is higher than the number of lung cancer cases due to smoking.
While it is true that being outside and active is great for your body and the sun does provide vitamin D, everyone’s health still needs protecting. However, it’s E__________, limit time spent in direct sunlight, between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., and wear sunscreen at all times. A fashionable option is the sun hat: both elegant and fun. Big floppy hats may seem ridiculous at first, but F__________.
Another advice is to look into sunless tanners: They are cheap and in no way endanger the lives of users. So, fake it, don’t bake it!
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takes a lot of time and effort to tan
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have been turning to tanning beds
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they are actually quite classy accessories
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better to avoid indoor tanning
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have inspired people to get their skin checked
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will eventually turn into a tan
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has taken the healthy out of healthy glow
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Task 63
Grant-making agency
The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent grant-making agency of the United States government. Established in 1965, it is one of the largest sources of grant funds for humanities projects and programs in the U.S. NEH promotes knowledge of the history, thought, and culture, not only of the United States, A__________.
NEH grants facilitate research and original scholarship, strengthen teaching and learning in the humanities in American schools and colleges, give opportunities for citizens to engage in lifelong learning, B__________.
The Endowment is directed by a chairman, C__________ and confirmed by the U.S. Senate for a term of four years. Advising the chairman is the National Council on the Humanities, a board of 26 distinguished private citizens D__________ with the advice of the Senate. The National Council members serve six-year terms.
NEH grants are typically awarded to U.S. cultural institutions, such as museums, archives, libraries, colleges, universities, and public television and radio stations, E__________. Eligibility is limited to U.S. non-profit institutions and to U.S. citizens and foreigners F__________ prior to the time of application. Grants are awarded through a competitive process. The chairman takes into account the advice provided by the review process and, by law, makes all funding decisions.
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who is appointed by the president
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but of other countries of the world
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but in every aspect of social sciences
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who are also appointed by the president
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who have been living in the U.S. for three years
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as well as to individual scholars of the humanities
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as well as provide access to cultural and educational resources
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Task 64
The Bonfire Night
The 5th of November has always had a very special place in my heart. More important than New Year’s Eve, but probably less important than the Olympics ceremonies, the 5th of November every year is A __________ all over the country to go wild!
The night of the 5th is often cold and damp and parents wrap up their children in layers of jumpers, coats, hats, scarves and gloves. They fuss over the littlest B __________ aren’t scared. They comfort their pets and give them a safe place to curl up inside, away from the cacophony about to start outside.
Outside the bonfire is C __________ up your nose. If you’re lucky, there might be some pumpkin soup left over from Halloween to warm you up, because in spite of all the layers and the excitement, you’ll still need warming up until the bonfire gets going!
When it’s absolutely dark and the bonfire is blazing, the children and parents huddle together in groups, staring up at the sky. What are they waiting for? The screech of the first firework deafens them all and D __________. The “oohs” and “aaahs” of the crowd keep perfect time with the “kabooms” of the rockets. With every firework that lights up the sky, parents watch the delight grow on their children’s faces and sigh with relief.
After the grand finale, they make their way home with the noises still echoing in their ears. An extra special treat E __________! Waving them through the chilly air, spelling out names and drawing pictures, even the oldest members of the family remember how to be kids!
This is what the 5th of November means to me. Every year, it F __________ such bright and colourful fireworks and heard such loud bangs. I really hope I never grow out of it!
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differences in traditions
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children and hope that they
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the day for fireworks lovers
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the explosion lights up the sky
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feels like the first time I’ve seen
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waits at home though: sparklers
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lit and the smell of smoke creeps
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Task 65
Earth-sheltered homes
Earth-sheltered or simply underground homes are one of those creations by man, which brings him closer to nature. Unlike the normal traditional houses that A __________, these earth-sheltered homes are built using the shelter of the ground. Earth-sheltered homes can be easily made in hilly areas.
The basic idea behind the construction of such a house is that they are built with the idea of B ________ and each of these homes is built entirely different from each other.
The construction of these homes is usually done according to the shape of the area where the house is built. Their designs C ________ to the nature. The early earth houses which were initially built lacked windows. Modern day earth-sheltered homes though have windows as well as any other facility that the people living there might require.
Some of the major benefits of earth-sheltered homes are that they are naturally insulating. This makes them cool in the summer and cozy and warm in the winter. Another advantage D __________ and are well protected from earthquakes as well as wind-storms. Many earth-sheltered homes are also defended against intruders since there is usually only one entry.
As everything has its pros and cons, earth-sheltered homes also do. The interior decoration of these homes, like placing the furniture or huge paintings, E __________. These homes also have dark spaces inside and for this reason, lots of lighting is essential.
Earth-sheltered homes are one of the greenest housing designs that combines Mother Nature with eco-friendly F __________.
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are built on the ground
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are usually very organic
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is being built facing south
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being environmentally friendly
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building materials and lifestyle
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is that these homes are safe from fire
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can be difficult due to the construction
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Task 66
Australia
Australia is one of the world’s most ethnically diverse nations. Nearly a quarter of the people who live in Australia A __________. They come from the United Kingdom and other European countries, but also from China, Vietnam, North Africa, and the Middle East.
First people arrived in Australia about 50,000 years ago. They B __________ land bridges when sea levels were lower. The next to land in Australia were Dutch explorers. They came in 1606. In 1788 the British began to settle there. Many settlers C __________ as punishment. For a short time, the newcomers lived peacefully with the Aboriginal people.
In 1851, gold was discovered in Australia. A rush to find riches brought D __________ 1859, six separate colonies were created which later became part of the British Commonwealth.
Australian culture is founded on stories of battlers, bushrangers and brave soldiers. Today E __________ its Aboriginal heritage, vibrant mix of cultures, innovative ideas and a thriving ecosystem.
Australia’s ecosystem is an unusual one because of its remote location. As a result, there are F __________ and nowhere else in the world, such as kangaroo and koala.
One of Australia’s most amazing sites rises like an enormous whale’s back from a flat desert called the Red Center. It is a sacred natural formation at the heart of the country and the largest rock in the world!
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Australia is one of the most
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were born in other countries
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Australia also defines itself by
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many animal species that occur here
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may have travelled from Asia across
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thousands of new immigrants, and by
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were criminals sent to live in Australia
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Task 67
Living nature in Madeira
Right in the middle of the Atlantic, the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo are a haven of natural beauty. The exotic colours of the flowers stand out from among the blue sea and the emerald green vegetation. This is an archipelago where the big territory is a protected area and A __________ is located.
The Madeira Natural Park was created in 1982 to preserve this vast natural heritage, a worldwide rarity. The park is classified as a Biogenetic Reserve, B __________, with some rare species such as the mountain orchid, unique in the world, and also some exotic large trees. To visit this park is to discover Nature! The park covers about two-thirds of the island, making Madeira a truly ecological destination.
The springtime temperature, C __________, cries out for open air activities. Visitors can go for a walk in the park, visit the city of Funchal or roam freely around the island. Boat rides are an excellent way of D __________. In such a naturally welcoming environment, balance and well-being are taken for granted. Madeira offers various tourist complexes E __________.
Popular feasts, F __________, are opportunities to appreciate traditional gastronomic flavours and see Madeira partying, especially for the Carnival parades, the Flower festival, the Atlantic festival and, above all, the end-of-year fireworks display.
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which is felt all year round
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which take place in Madeira all year round
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where the largest laurel forest in the world
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admiring the coastline from a different perspective
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where one can find a unique range of flora and fauna
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choosing this holiday destination for its natural beauty
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that have prime conditions for boating and scuba diving
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Task 68
Wild animals in cities
Have you ever seen bears in Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai or wild pigs in gardens in Berlin? Recently, there A __________ on TV about big animals coming into towns and cities. What happens when wild animals come into our cities? Is it dangerous for us and the animals?
Wild animals usually come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa, baboons sometimes come into the suburbs. They eat fruit from gardens and go into people’s kitchens and take food from cupboards and fridges! Baboons are B __________ children and fight with pet dogs. Many people do not like them, but the city can be dangerous for baboons too. Sometimes, baboons are C __________ human food can be very bad for their teeth. The city council in Cape Town has a team of Baboon Monitors whose job is to find baboons D ___________ to the countryside. This makes the city safer for people and is healthier for the baboons. However, the main problem is that a lot of baboons will come back to the city to find food again.
In Berlin, Germany, groups of wild pigs have come into the city for hundreds of years, but now the winters are warmer, there are even more pigs than in the past. Pigs eat flowers and plants and dig in gardens and parks in the city. They also E __________ accidents. Some city residents like the pigs and give them food. But the city council is worried about the traffic accidents, so they F __________ have put up fences to stop the pigs coming into the city.
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cause lots of problems
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in the city and take them back
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walk in the street and cause traffic
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hurt in car accidents and the sugar in
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strong animals and sometimes they scare
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have been many reports in newspapers and
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have told people to stop giving the pigs food and
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Task 69
Europe’s best hidden gems
There are incredible destinations in Europe known worldwide, such as Amsterdam and its canals, London and its museums, its shopping and atmosphere, or Paris, the City of Light. Europe also has thousands of hidden treasures. There is a wide selection of the finest unknown destinations in Europe, from Lugano in Switzerland A __________.
Lugano is an international city, the crossroads and melting pot of European culture. It constitutes one of the most interesting regions to be discovered. Lugano is not only Switzerland’s third most important financial centre, B __________ old buildings.
The area of Cinque Terre in Italy represents one of the best preserved natural sights of the Mediterranean. Human activity has contributed to creating a unique landscape in which the development of typical stone walls is so extensive C __________. All this, D __________, makes the Cinque Terre an increasingly popular location among Italian and foreign tourists.
Sintra is a jewel set between the mountains and the sea, waiting to be discovered by tourists E __________, luxuriant nature and cosmopolitan cultural offer. Sintra has a wonderful charm that left a deep impression on the soul and work of the writers F __________. Sintra is truly the capital of Romanticism. It is a place to be experienced by everyone!
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but showed evidence of an early human housing
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to Cinque Terre in Italy and Sintra in Portugal
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as to equal that of the famous Great Wall of China
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but also a town of parks and flowers, villas and
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who want to be lost in its majestic historical heritage
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combined with the beauty of a crystal clear sea
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who pioneered the Romantic spirit in the eighteenth century
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Task 70
Beautiful cities of Italy
The political and cultural centre of Italy is the ‘Eternal City’, Rome. Ever since the Roman Empire, as its capital, Rome has become famous as a centre of European culture. The most striking sights of Rome are, of course, the Colosseum and the Forum. Once the Colosseum was able to receive about 50 thousand spectators, A __________ and concert halls. The Pantheon, the old temple of all gods, B __________, is also located in Rome.
The second most important town in Italy is Milan. Milan is the capital of fashion and C __________, exhibitions and conferences. The main attraction of Milan is its Cathedral Square, where the monument to the King Victor Emmanuel II is installed. Theatre fans will not be left disappointed by visiting the Theatre of La Scala.
The most popular city among tourists is Venice. The city is unique because it has more than 120 islands, D __________ and 400 bridges. Venice has been known for more than fifteen hundred years, and for E __________. The main area of the city is Saint Mark’s Square with the Cathedral of San Marco. One of the most beautiful buildings in Venice is the Palace of Doges. The other famous attraction is the Grand Canal F______.
In addition to this, there are such beautiful cities in Italy as Naples, Turin, Florence, Genoa, Pisa and the islands of Sardinia and Sicily. All of them are outstanding places to visit.
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that is the largest in Venice
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which was built in the early I century
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that everyone is dreaming about this trip
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which is comparable with modern stadiums
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which are сonnected by more than 150 canals
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the venue for major international festivals
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that time it produced a lot of attractions
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Task 71
City of fountains
Peterhof is a monument of world architecture and palace and park art. Peterhof includes a palace and park ensemble of the 18-19th centuries, A__________. Peterhof is a city of fountains as it contains 173 fountains and 4 cascades B__________. Each year up to 3 million people come here to enjoy the splendour of numerous fountains and the unique parks of Peterhof.
The name Peterhof was first mentioned in 1705. It was a coastal manor, close to which the construction of a grand country residence began. The original plan belonged to Peter the Great. After the brilliant victory of Russian troops over the Swedes, security of St. Petersburg both from the land C__________. Since that time, the construction of the Peterhof residence grew immensely in scope.
According to the plan of Peter the Great, on the one hand, Peterhof was meant to be equal in splendour with the most famous royal residences in Europe, D__________ to access the Baltic Sea. Both were successfully done. The Great Palace was built on a natural hill here, E__________. Following the plan of Peter the Great, F__________, the Grand Cascade with the famous Samson fountain was constructed. This is still one of the most spectacular fountains in the world. In 1990 the palaces and parks of Peterhof were included in the list of the world heritage of UNESCO.
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and from the sea has been firmly ensured
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which is a former royal countryside residence
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who designs many royal residences in Europe
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and then rebuilt in the baroque style in the 18th century
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who wanted to decorate the main entrance with waterfalls
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that are located in the park on the coast of the Gulf of Finland
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and on the other hand, to become a monument of Russia’s struggle
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Task 72
Sights of Sochi
Sochi is unique among other Russian cities because it has many aspects of a subtropical resort. Apart from the scenic Caucasus Mountains, pebble and sand beaches, the city attracts tourists with its vegetation, numerous parks, monuments, and extravagant architecture. About two million people visit Greater Sochi each summer, A__________. The famous Caucasian Biosphere Reserve, B__________, lies just north from the city.
Popularity of Sochi among tourists is largely explained by the beauty of its surroundings. Walking along the river Agura, everyone will admire the nature around, C__________, and amazing waterfalls. From the bridge over the Agura opens a magnificent view to the lowest Agura waterfall. In the shady Agura gorge tourists will feel the gentle coolness, D__________.
Akhun Mountain the biggest in the region has a beautiful tower on the top. The height of the tower is more than 30 metres, E__________ are stunning. The observation platform on the top of the tower gives a chance to take superb pictures of the city. Every year thousands of people visit this stone tower, F__________ the perfect view of the Black Sea coast and the Caucasus Mountains. It is a truly unforgettable experience. Tourists will enjoy visiting all the sights and the resort itself, full of exotic green and the boundless blue of the Black Sea.
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and the views that open from it
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which is built on the top to give visitors
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when the subtropical resort is almost empty
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which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
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enjoying the sound of birds singing and waterfalls gurgling
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when the city is home to the annual film festival “Kinotavr”
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including high cliffs, exotic vegetation, breathtaking canyons
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Task 73
Saint Petersburg
A city of palaces and museums, broad avenues and narrow canals, St. Petersburg’s short history is rich in architectural and artistic treasures. Alongside world-famous attractions such as the Hermitage and St. Isaac’s Cathedral, the city has a lot of equally interesting buildings A__________. St. Petersburg is considered to be Russia’s cultural capital. It reflects the country’s extraordinary fate like no other city.
St. Petersburg is a relatively young city, by both Russian and European standards, as B__________. Despite its short life, the city has a rich history. From the early days of Peter the Great to modern times, the city has always bustled with life and intrigue.
Lying across the delta of the Neva River, St. Petersburg, the Venice of the North, is a city C__________, some of which are well-known for their unique history. Bridges are an essential part of the city’s architectural make-up. Among the city’s over 500 bridges, there are numerous technological masterpieces. The centre of the city offers vast areas of green space, D__________.
St. Petersburg is a beautiful and fascinating holiday destination and one E__________. Whether to visit the city in a romantic and snowy Russian winter F__________, visitors will be spellbound by
St. Petersburg’s culture and beauty.
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that is built on hundreds of islands
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or during the dazzling white nights in summer
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it was only founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great
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or considering a variety of the trip accommodation offers
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that reveal the mysterious and tragic genius of St. Petersburg
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of the most intriguing and historically significant cities in Europe
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including beautiful historic gardens and extensive leisure parks
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Task 74
State Hermitage Museum
The Hermitage is St. Petersburg’s most popular visitor attraction, and one of the world’s largest and most prestigious museums. It is a must-see for all first-time travellers to the city. With over 3 million items in its collection, it also rewards repeat visits, A__________ of the riches on offer here, from Impressionist masterpieces to fascinating Oriental treasures. It was estimated B__________ on display for just one minute. So many visitors prefer a guided tour to ensure C__________ highlights. Art-lovers, however, may find it more rewarding to seek out for themselves the works D__________.
The bulk of the Hermitage collection is housed in the Winter Palace, E__________. However, there are a number of other sites that constitute part of the Hermitage, including the recently opened Storage Facility in the north of St. Petersburg. It offers guided tours through some of the museum’s vast stocks. The magnificent General Staff Building opposite the Winter Palace is most famous for its central triumphal arch, F__________ Nevsky Prospekt. The General Staff Building contains a number of unique exhibitions. It includes the Modern European Art, probably the most visited section of the Hermitage with well-known collections of Picasso and Matisse, as well as a wealth of popular Impressionist paintings.
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that they are particularly interested in
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that they have time to catch all the collection’s
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and new-comers can only hope to get a brief taste
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which brings pedestrians out on to Palace Square from
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that one would need eleven years to view each exhibit
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which was the official residence of the Russian emperors
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and the exhibition was often visited by military historians
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Task 75
Letniy Sad
Letniy Sad (The Summer Garden) is a park ensemble, a monument of landscape art of the 18th century. Letniy Sad is the oldest park in St. Petersburg. The park was founded by Peter I in 1704. The Tsar dreamed of his own Versailles and drew its original plan himself. He planned to create a regular, architectural park with accurate layout and straight paths. Prominent architects and gardeners took part in its creation. The park was supposed to become a place of relaxation, A__________.
Letniy Sad is surrounded by water. Natural boundary of the park from the north and east are the Neva and Fontanka Rivers, B__________.
Peter I brought sculptures from Italy for the park and was very proud of them. In the 18th century there were more than two hundred sculptures, C__________, or moved to suburban royal residences and the Hermitage. Now Letniy Sad is decorated with 90 sculptures – copies made of artificial marble.
In May, 2012 Letniy Sad was opened after reconstruction. The reconstruction work had been going on for about three years, D__________ Letniy Sad as it was in the 18th century. Among the new items in Letniy Sad, there is the Archaeological Museum, E__________ during the restoration of the park. Visitors can take a tour of the park F__________ on Sundays.
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and restorers have done everything possible to keep
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combining the features of urban and suburban estates
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which are planned to be the centre of scientific research
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which contains interesting objects found by archaeologists
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but later many of them were either destroyed in the flood
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and enjoy the exhibitions and performances of a brass band
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and from the south and west – the Moika River and the Lebyazhiy Canal
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