Future population егэ ответы - Помощь в подготовке к экзаменам и поступлению

Подробности: 30972


Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В11-В16 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения. TEST 17 (part 2)

Future population

B11	The United Nations (UN) has published its prediction about the size and age of the world’s population three hundred years from now. This report can help environmental scientists and policy-makers to understand dramatic changes in the world’s population in the future.	SCIENCE
B12	The report suggests that if the birth rates stay the same, there’ll be a huge expansion of the global population.	GLOBE
B13	You may think it is impossible but three centuries from now there may be over one hundred and thirty trillion people.	POSSIBLE
B14	The report says that the world’s population is likely to be significantly older. The average age will be fifty while today it is twenty six.	SIGNIFICANT
B15	Almost a quarter of all the inhabitants of the planet will live in Africa.	INHABIT
B16	Researchers think that India, China and the United States will continue to be countries with the biggest population.	RESEARCH

Источник

1) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

A Smart Boy

Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their ___ (WIFE) were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited Mr. Brown to a small party.

2) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He ___ (SURPRISE) very much by his telephone conversation.

3) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

When he came back Mr. Jones asked him, “Have you spoken to your wife already?” “No, she ___ (NOT BE) there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, “Is your mother there?” And he said, “She is somewhere outside”.

4) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

“Why is she outside?” I asked. “She ___ (LOOK) for me”, he answered.

5) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Maslenitsa

Have you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the ___ (POPULAR) festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring.

6) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Russian pancakes — blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini ___ (EAT) with jam, sour cream, and of course, lots of butter.

7) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Warm, round, and golden — blini are the symbol of the sun! Ancient Russians actually believed that when eating a pancake, they ___ (GET) a part of the Sun’s life energy.

Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Future population

The United Nations (UN) has published its prediction about the size and age of the world’s population three hundred years from now. This report can help environmental ___ (SCIENCE) and policy-makers to understand dramatic changes in the world’s population in the future.

9) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The report suggests that if the birth rates stay the same, there’ll be a huge expansion of the ___ (GLOBE) population.

10) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

You now may think it is ___ (POSSIBLE) but three centuries from there may be over one hundred and thirty trillion people.

11) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The report says that the world’s population is likely to be ___ (SIGNIFICANT) older. The average age will be fifty while today it is twenty six.

12) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Almost a quarter of all the ___ (INHABIT) of the planet will live in Africa.

13) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

___ (RESEARCH) think that India, China and the United States will continue to be countries with the biggest population.

14) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Margaret

Old Margaret was just the kind of cook that we wanted. Lots of cooks can do rich dishes well. Margaret couldn’t. But she ___ to cook simple, everyday dishes in a way that made our mouths water. Her apple-pies were the best pies I’ve ever tasted.

1) held
2) took
3) kept
4) used

15) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

But to ___ the truth, even Margaret sometimes miscalculated.

1) talk
2) tell
3) say
4) speak

16) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

A large, royal-looking steak would be set before Father, which, upon being cut into, would turn ___ to be underdone.

1) into
2) of
3) out
4) over

17) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Father’s face would darken with disappointment. He would raise his foot and stamp slowly and heavily three times on the rug. At this solemn ___, we would hear Margaret leave the kitchen below us and come up the stairs to the dining-room door.

1) gesture
2) sign
3) movement
4) signal

18) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

“Margaret, look at the steak.” Margaret would peer with a shocked look at the platter. She would then seize the platter and make off with it. Father and Margaret were united by the intense interest they both took in cooking. Each understood the other instinctively. I have to ___ that they had a complete fellow-feeling.

1) admit
2) agree
3) accept
4) adopt

19) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Mother’s great interest was in babies. She loved her children and her happiness depended ___ them. She wanted to keep Father pleased somehow, and if it was too difficult or impossible she didn’t always care about even that.

1) at
2) on
3) of
4) in

20) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

At table it was Father who carved the fowl, or sliced the roast lamb or beef. I liked to ___ him take the knife and go at it. And usually the cooking had been as superb as the carving. Sometimes it was so perfect that Father would summon Margaret and say in a low voice, “You are a good cook”.

1) look
2) see
3) watch
4) gaze

Источник

Главная
Английский язык
Лексико-грамматический блок
Грамматика и лексика 26-31

3. Лексико-грамматический блок

Формат ответа: цифра или несколько цифр, слово или несколько слов. Вопросы на соответствие «буква» — «цифра» должны записываться как несколько цифр. Между словами и цифрами не должно быть пробелов или других знаков.

Примеры ответов: 7 или здесьисейчас или 3514

Раскрыть
Скрыть

№1

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26–32, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-32

The King’s New Dress

Many years ago, there was a King who spent all his time and money on dressing up. He loved riding round in his 26________________ garments so that everybody could see him. EXPENSE

His wardrobes contained clothes of 27________________ patterns and designs. DIFFER

One day two 28________________ men appeared at the palace and said they could make beautiful clothes which had magical properties. HONEST

Only clever people would be able to see them — but they would be 29________________ to anyone who was stupid or not good at their job. VISIBLE

The King thought this was an excellent opportunity to find out who was wise and who was foolish in his 30________________. KING

The two men were given gold and silver thread and two 31________________ weaving machines and they started to work. WONDER

After several weeks the King decided to send an old and honest minister, who was 32________________ clever and good at his job, to visit the two men. Can you guess what he saw? CERTAIN

№2

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 1–9, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31.

Famous inventions stories

Have you ever wondered how the most famous inventions were created? From the 1 __________________ of time, humans everywhere have been inventing.

BEGIN

By looking into our past and bringing invention stories to life, we are all reminded that regular people, like you and me, were able to come up with 2 __________________ ideas that ended up having a great impact.

SUCCESS

Knowing the past can help you create the future. If you are looking for invention inspiration, background for an 3 __________________ project, or just have a curious mind – read about famous inventions. The stories of great inventions are fascinating.

EDUCATION

Some great inventions were created 4 __________________ by mistake, others by trial and error.

SIMPLE

Some 5 __________________ of the most well-known products have incredible stories of innovation to tell. INVENT

When was the parachute invented?

Have you ever felt like jumping out of a plane? Plenty of people have, but 6 __________________ most of them did it after parachutes had been invented.

THANKFUL

Leonardo da Vinci made the first real studies of flight in the 1480s. He had over 100 7 __________________ that illustrated his theories on flight.

DRAW

He designed a parachute in the 1480s, though he didn’t try it out.

In 1785, Jean Pierre Blanchard used a dog to test his parachute design. The dog was fine, and so was Blanchard when he used the parachute in 1793 to escape a balloon accident. These early parachutes didn’t catch on because there weren’t any flying machines around to make them 8 __________________ useful. REAL

The invention of airplanes has made parachutes important. Since then, their 9 __________________ has been proved many times. EFFECTIVE

№3

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31.

What Alexander Graham Bell’s Voice Sounded Like

26 We now know what the man who made it possible to hear the voices of cross-country friends sounded like. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor most notable for his _________ of the telephone INVENT

27 and other sound recording methods, has himself been silent in the annals of history, but thanks to the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History in ____________ with the Library of Congress and the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, researchers have identified Bell’s voice.

COLLABORATE

28 The audio ________ come from Bell’s Volta lab, and they are some of the earliest ever made RECORD

29 Researchers discovered a transcript of recording, which was signed and dated by Bell. _____________, researchers matched this transcript with a recording dated April 15, 1885. RECENT

30 The recording sounds as old as it is, and Bell spends about 4 minutes reading numbers _________________ , signing off with “in witness whereof, hear my voice, Alexander Graham Bell.” LOUD

31 The non-invasive optical technique that was used to recover the sound is a method that has been developed over the past 10 years. The team is still recovering sound from the Volta lab discs with hopes to shed light on the __________process. INNOVATE

№4

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31.

26 Drinking coffee is an irresistible habit for millions of people and most of them find it_________ to do without it. POSSIBLE

27 Yet, doctors feel pessimistic about drinking coffee and even consider it _________ .HARM

28 Some people can drink several cups of coffee with few side effects. Other individuals may be so _________ that even a small amount coffee makes them uncomfortable SENSE

29 They may become impatient and notice some nervousness, headaches, and __________ to concentrate. ABLE

30 It is believed that coffee makes people more __________ . That is why people usually drink coffee in the morning.ENERGY

31 However, there are people who _________ feel sleepy after a cup of coffee. ACTUAL

№5

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 1-6, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 1-6.

Future population

The United Nations (UN) has published its prediction about the size and age of the world’s population three hundred years from now. This report can help environmental 1__________________ and policy-makers to understand dramatic changes in the world’s population in the future.

SCIENCE

The report suggests that if the birth rates stay the same, there’ll be a huge expansion of the 2__________________ population.

GLOBE

You may think it 3__________________ but three centuries from now there may be over one hundred and thirty trillion people. POSSIBLE

The report says that the world’s population is likely to be 4__________________ older. The average age will be fifty while today it is twenty six.

SIGNIFICANT

Almost a quarter of all the 5__________________ of the planet will live in Africa. INHABIT

6__________________ think that India, China and the United States will continue to be countries with the biggest population. RESEARCH

№6

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31.

York

26. York is a walled city situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. In old times York was the capital of a Viking _______. KING

27. In Medieval times, York was the second city of England, then, the social centre of the north, and in ______ times an important railway centre. VICTORIA

28. Today York is, among other things, the home of world-famous chocolate and one of the most wonderful ______ cities in the world. HISTORY

29. It is also one of the most______ cities in the world. BEAUTY

30. Among its museums there is the National Railway Museum with a unique ______ of steam trains and Royal Carriages. In the Castle Museum one can imagine oneself in the 19th century world of old streets, shops, farmhouses and homes. COLLECT

31. In the newest museum, York Story, ______ travel in a special electric car through an original Viking street with its sights, sounds and smells. VISIT

№7

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26 — 31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста . Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26 — 31.

My grandfather was a Methodist minister. When I was growing up in Washington, his sermons at the Park Road Community Church, which he helped to found, had a 26 _____________ impact on me. POWER

He made sure I understood that I had a 27 _________ to give back and help make life better for others. RESPONSE

My mother had a master’s degree and was a teacher, a principal and then an 28_________in the local school system. My father, also a college graduate, worked at the Postal Service. ADMINISTER

I attended public schools, which were segregated at the time. I later transferred to an all-boys Catholic high school, where I played basketball and football. I was awarded a 29 __________ to Rutgers in 1963, but I had a few distractions and lost my scholarship.

My father made it plain that I had to make my own way, so I returned to Washington and enrolled at American University. To pay the bills, I worked sellling clothes in downtown department stores. SCHOLAR

After I received my marketing degree in 1968, I applied to the Xerox Corporation three times but had no luck. They did not approve of my 30 __________ form and CV. APPLY

So I went to a job fair to make my case in person, and the company hired me. I 31 ______became Xerox’s top salesperson in the mid-Atlantic area. QUICK

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Источник

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

1. Many people understand the importance of healthy eating.
2. Some children know very little about food and cooking.
3. Good food is very expensive nowadays.
4. You can improve your eating habits by growing food yourself.
5. Local food is tastier and better for your health.
6. People have lost the tradition of family meals.
7. For many people the quality of food is less important than other things.

Говорящий	A	B	C	D	E	F
Утверждение

Вы услышите разговор друзей. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 — А7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

John is going to send a Valentine to one person.

1. True
2. False
3. Not stated

Math teachers receive the most Valentines.

1. True
2. False
3. Not stated

People generally buy more Christmas cards than Valentines.

1. True
2. False
3. Not stated

There is a survey about selling Valentines.

1. True
2. False
3. Not stated

The most typical Valentine’s Day presents are flowers and sweets.

1. True
2. False
3. Not stated

Mary knows about some Valentine’s Day traditions in a foreign country.

1. True
2. False
3. Not stated

John considers colours when buying a bouquet.

1. True
2. False
3. Not stated

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях А8—А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

In his course Steven Roberts uses original films with

1. original subtitles.
2. no subtitles.
3. English subtitles.

What language input does Steven’s course comprise?

1. Slang free language.
2. Modern language.
3. Traditional word lists.

A10

Steven designed his film-based course because

1. people have problems watching TV abroad.
2. films reflect real life communication.
3. watching films is the most popular hobby.

A11

What activity does Steven NOT mention as a part of his course?

1. Grammar exercises.
2. Audio tasks.
3. Essay writing.

A12

What kind of learners does Steven aim his course at?

1. Any level.
2. Top level.
3. Lower level.

A13

How can one get Steven’s book on his film-based course?

1. Order by post.
2. Download for free from the Internet.
3. Buy in a book shop.

A14

One of the advantages of a movie club, according to Steven, is that it

1. helps one find new friends.
2. gives a chance to watch new films.
3. is not expensive.

Раздел 2. Чтение

Установите соответствие тем 1 — 8 текстам A — G. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

1. Training the mind
2. Welsh roots
3. Quick reaction
4. Chemistry in tennis
5. Too fast
6. Losing control
7. Unexpected prize
8. Ads with wings

A. By now Wimbledon has become a popular national festival, together with Ascot and the Cup Final. Many people in Britain don’t know that tennis was first played in Wales. It was there, in 1873, that Major Walter Wingfield played a game with the recently invented rubber balls and enjoyed it so much, that he decided to develop the standards of the game. He published the first book of tennis rules later that year. The first Wimbledon championship was held a few years later in 1877 and the British Lawn Tennis Association formed in 1888.

B. Good mental preparation is necessary for professional tennis players. In a long match they can be on the court for several hours with nobody to talk to. There can be hundreds of stops from the crowd, their opponent and, especially at Wimbledon, the rain. Players need to practice methods for improving their concentration and for motivating themselves when the game is going against them. They are often taught to imagine some situations, such as a tense tie-break. Then they imagine what to do with it.

C. Many players find it impossible to stay calm in the stressful situation of a long tennis match and let their temper out. John McEnroe was famous for his quarrels with referees. Several players have been given warnings for throwing the racket or swearing. Some players lose matches they could easily win because their mind lets them down. Pat Rafter said that he couldn’t breathe in his 2000 Wimbledon final. The stress of being near the victory can be too much for a person.

D. The power of today’s tennis game is only partly created by the athletes themselves. Much of it comes from their rackets. New designs mean players can hit the ball with more speed and accuracy than ever before. It started in the 1970s when the traditional wooden racket was replaced with metal. Since then different materials have been used. Graphite has made the biggest influence. Now the graphite can be mixed with materials such as boron and titanium to produce even stronger, and lighter, rackets.

E. Speed isn’t always a good thing. Many fans are complaining that the speed of the game is making tennis boring to watch. After two years of testing, a new ball has now been invented which could slow dpwn tennis and make it more exciting to watch. The ball is put together in exactly the same way as the one used now, but is 6% larger in diameter. The bigger ball gives the receiver 10% more reaction time in which to return the serve. So the number of aces — serves in a match that the receiver fails to return — will be far fewer.

F. When Irishman John Boland travelled to Athens for the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, he had no idea he would return home with the gold medal in tennis. But then, he had no idea he would compete either — he went to watch the competion. In comparison, today’s Olympic tennis players include some of the best athletes in the world. They are used to five-star hotels and hundreds of thousands of dollars, but at the Olympic Games they will stay in the Olympic Village and compete for nothing but a gold medal.

G. The Wimbledon tennis tournament is famous for pigeons that sometimes come flying on to Centre Court and stop the game. So, producers of a video tennis game designed for PlayStation2 decided to use specially trained homing pigeons, decorated with the game’s logo. Twenty birds will be spray-painted with the Virtual Tennis 2 logo and trained to fly in and out of the home of British tennis during the matches of the Wimbledon championship. The advertising pigeons will go straight for the fans and show their logos to them.

A	B	C	D	E	F	G

Установите соответствие тем 1 — 7 текстам A — F. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

Duration of life and its social implications

1. which recently replaced Italy as the world’s oldest major country
2. alarm about these changes
3. a huge shift towards an ageing population
4. change is due to
5. while patterns of work and retirement will have huge implications
6. which shows the balance between working-age people and the older
7. as proportions of older people increase in most countries

The world’s population is about to reach a landmark of huge social and economic importance, when the proportion of the global population over 65 outnumbers children under 5 for the first time. A new report by the US census bureau shows A ___ , with enormous consequences for both rich and poor nations. The rate of growth will shoot up in the next couple of years. The В ___ a combination of the high birth rates after the Second World War and more recent improvements in health that are bringing down death rates at older ages. Separate UN forecasts predict that the global population will be more than nine billion by 2050. The US census bureau was the first to sound the С ___ . Its latest forecasts warn governments and international bodies that this change in population structure will bring widespread challenges at every level of human organization, starting with the structure of the family, which will be transformed as people live longer. This will in turn place new burdens on careers and social services providers, D ___ for health services and pensions systems. «People are living longer and, in some parts of the world, healthier lives,» the authors conclude. «This represents one of the greatest achievements of the last century but also a significant challenge E ___ population.» Ageing will put pressure on societies at all levels. One way of measuring that is to look at the older dependency ratio, F ___ that must be supported by them. The ODR is the number of people aged 65 and over for every 100 people aged 20 to 64. It varies widely, from just six in Kenya to 33 in Italy and Japan. The UK has an ODR of 26, and the US has 21.

A	B	C	D	E	F

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания А15—А21, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Lily and I had planned a movie marathon weekend. I was exhausted from work and she was stressed out from her classes, so we’d promised to spend the whole weekend parked on her couch and subsist solely on pizza and crisps. No healthy food. No diet Coke. And absolutely no strict, official clothes. Even though we talked all the time, we hadn’t spent any real time together since I’d moved to the city.

We’d been friends since the eighth grade, when I first saw Lily crying alone at a cafeteria table. She’d just moved in with her grandmother and started at our school in Avon, after it became clear that her parents weren’t coming home any time soon. The day I found her crying alone in the cafeteria was the day her grandmother had forced her to chop off her dirty dreadlocks and wear a dress, and Lily was not very happy about it. Something about the way she talked, the way she said, «That’s so nice of you,» and «Let’s just forget about it», charmed me, and we immediately became friends. We’d been inseparable through the rest of high school, and lived in the same room for all four years at Brown College. Lily hadn’t yet decided whether she preferred girlish dresses or rough leather jackets, but we complemented each other well. And I missed her. Because with her first year as a graduate student and my exhausting work, we hadn’t seen a whole lot of each other lately.

Lily was studying for her Ph.D. in Russian Literature at Columbia University and working odd jobs every free second she wasn’t studying. Her grandmother barely had enough money to support herself, and Lily had to pay for the studies on her own. However, she seemed to be fond of such a way of life. She loved Russian culture ever since her eighth-grade teacher told her that Lily looked how he had always pictured Lolita, with her round face and curly black hair. She went directly home and read Nabokov’s «Lolita», and then read everything else Nabokov wrote. And Tolstoy. And Gogol. And Chekhov. By the time we finished school, she was applying to Brown College to work with a specific professor who had a degree in Russian Literature. On interviewing a seventeen-year-old Lily the professor declared her one of the most well- read and passionate students of Russian literature he’d ever met. She still loved it, still studied Russian grammar and could read anything in its original.

I couldn’t wait for the weekend. My fourteen-hour workdays were registering in my feet, my upper arms, and my lower back. Glasses had replaced the contacts I’d worn for a decade because my eyes were too dry and tired to accept them anymore. I’d begun losing weight already as I never had time to eat properly, although I was drinking an enormous amount of coffee. I’d already weathered a flue infection and had paled significantly, and it had been only four weeks. I was only twenty-three years old. And my boss hadn’t even been in the office yet. I knew I deserved a weekend.

Saturday afternoon found us particularly motivated, and we managed to saunter round the city center for a few hours. We each bought some new clothes for the upcoming New Year’s party and had a mug of hot chocolate from a sidewalk cafe. By the time we made it back to her apartment, we were exhausted and happy and spent the rest of the night watching old movies and eating pizza.

A15

What did the girls hope to do that weekend?

1. Talk all the weekend.
2. Have some more studies that weekend.
3. Go to the cinema.
4. Have a quiet weekend in.

A16

When the girl first met her friend, Lily

1. lived with her parents.
2. visited her grandmother.
3. just came to live in Avon.
4. had just lost her parents.

A17

Lily was crying when the girl first met her because

1. she missed her parents.
2. her grandmother didn’t like the way she talked.
3. she had to wear clothes she didn’t like.
4. her grandmother had cut her hair short.

A18

Why did the girl become friends with Lily?

1. She liked Lily’s dress.
2. She became fascinated with her.
3. They had common problems.
4. She wanted to comfort her.

A19

«We complemented each other well» in paragraph 2 means that they

1. were a perfect match.
2. liked the same things.
3. supported each other.
4. found a common language.

A20

Why did Lily have to do some occasional jobs?

1. She had to pay for her studies.
2. She had to support her grandmother.
3. She liked to change jobs.
4. She spent a lot on her clothes.

A21

The girl «couldn’t wait for the weekend» because she

1. wanted to eat properly at last.
2. needed to get well after a flue infection.
3. wanted Lily to have a break from her studies.
4. needed a rest from her job.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные жирными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В4—В10, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Перенесите полученный ответ в соответствующее поле справа. Каждое поле соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В4 — В10. Ответ пишите без пробелов и иных знаков.

A Smart Boy

WifeMr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their ___ were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited to Mr. Brown to a small party. Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned his wife.

SurpriseMr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He ___ very much by his telephone conversation.

Not beWhen he came back Mr. Jones asked him, «Have you spoken to your wife already?» «No, she ___ there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, «Is your mother there?» And he said, «She is somewhere outside».

Look«Why is she outside?» I asked. «She ___ for me», he answered.

Maslenitsa

PopularHave you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the ___ festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring.

EatRussian pancakes — blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini ___ with jam, sour cream, and of course, lots of butter.

B10

GetWarm, round, and golden — blini are the symbol of the sun! Ancient Russians actually believed that when eating a pancake, they ___ a part of the Sun’s life energy.

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные жирными буквам в конце строк В11—В16, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждое поле соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11—В16.

Future population

B11

ScienceThe United Nations (UN) has published its prediction about the size and age of the world’s population three hundred years from now. This report can help environmental ___ and policy-makers to understand dramatic changes in the world’s population in the future.

B12

GlobeThe report suggests that if the birth rates stay the same, there’ll be a huge expansion of the ___ population.

B13

PossibleYou may think it ___ but three centuries from now there may be over one hundred and thirty trillion people.

B14

SignificantThe report says that the world’s population is likely to be ___ older. The average age will be fifty while today it is twenty six.

B15

InhabitAlmost a quarter of all the ___ of the planet will live in Africa.

B16

Research___ think that India, China and the United States will continue to be countries with the biggest population.

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 — А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22 — А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Margaret

Old Margaret was just the kind of cook that we wanted. Lots of cooks can do rich dishes well. Margaret couldn’t. But she A22 ___ to cook simple, everyday dishes in a way that made our mouths water. Her apple-pies were the best pies I’ve ever tasted. But to A23 ___ the truth, even Margaret sometimes miscalculated. A large, royal-looking steak would be set before Father, which, upon being cut into, would А24 ___ turn to be underdone. Father’s face would darken with disappointment. He would raise his foot and stamp slowly and heavily three times on the rug. At this solemn A25 ___ , we would hear Margaret leave the kitchen below us and come up the stairs to the dining-room door.

«Margaret, look at the steak.»

Margaret would peer with a shocked look at the platter. She would then seize the platter and make off with it.

Father and Margaret were united by the intense interest they both took in cooking. Each understood the other instinctively. I have to A26 ___ that they had a complete fellow-feeling. Mother’s great interest was in babies. She loved her children and her happiness depended A27 ___ them. She wanted to keep Father pleased somehow, and if it was too difficult or impossible she didn’t always care about even that.

At table it was Father who carved the fowl, or sliced the roast lamb or beef. I liked him take the knife and go at it. And usually the cooking had been A28 ___ to as superb as the carving. Sometimes it was so perfect that Father would summon Margaret and say in a low voice, «You are a good cook».

A22

A23

A24

A25

A26

A27

A28

А22 held took kept used

А23 talk tell say speak

А24 into of out over

А25 gesture sign movement signal

А26 admit agree accept adopt

А27 at on of in

А28 look see watch gaze

Раздел 4. Письмо

Для ответов на задания С1, С2 используйте Бланк ответов № 2. При выполнении заданий С1 и С2 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в Бланке ответов № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. При заполнении Бланка ответов № 2 вы указываете сначала номер задания С1, С2, а потом пишете свой ответ.

C1. You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

Last month our class went to Washington. It was my first visit there and it was fun! Have you travelled much around Russia? Where would like to go if you have a chance? Why would you like to go there, what places of interest would you like to see? Is there anything interesting in the region where you live?

This summer we plan to go to the mountains with my parents.

Write a letter to Tom

In your letter:

answer his questions;
ask 3 questions about the trip to the mountains.

Write 100 — 140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Заключительная формула вежливости

C2. You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Some people think that young people should follow in their parents’ footsteps when choosing a profession.

What is your opinion?

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

make an introduction (state the problem);
express your personal opinion and give reasons for it;
give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it;
draw a conclusion.

Источник

Упражнение на лексическое преобразование слов. Рекомендуем всем, кто готовится к сдачи ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста.

ЗаданиеОтвет

World population

Is our planets population growth ever going to slow down? It’s ( TERRIFY ) to think about, but, by 2083, the number of people on the planet is expected to reach 10 billion.

There are people who keep track of these sorts of things. A ( DIVIDE ) of the United Nations is dedicated to tracking global population growth and making estimates of likely future totals.

The human population first hit 1 billion in 1800. This means that in mankind’s thousands of years of ( EXIST ) on the planet, our population only reached that figure just over 200 years ago.

In 1927, our population reached 2 billion, and it had become 3 billion by 1960, demonstrating that our numbers are in fact ( RAPID ) increasing, a cause for great concern.

We’ve been able to survive so far due to ( TECHNOLOGY ) advances made in agriculture, which have increased our food supply.

However, unless we improve upon existing techniques, farmers, and the planet itself, will be ( CAPABLE ) of supplying enough food for a 10-billion-strong global population. And that is only one of many problems that an ever-increasing human population creates.

World population

Is our planets population growth ever going to slow down? It’s TERRIFYING to think about, but, by 2083, the number of people on the planet is expected to reach 10 billion.

There are people who keep track of these sorts of things. A DIVISION of the United Nations is dedicated to tracking global population growth and making estimates of likely future totals.

The human population first hit 1 billion in 1800. This means that in mankind’s thousands of years of EXISTENCE on the planet, our population only reached that figure just over 200 years ago.

In 1927, our population reached 2 billion, and it had become 3 billion by 1960, demonstrating that our numbers are in fact RAPIDLY increasing, a cause for great concern.

We’ve been able to survive so far due to TECHNOLOGICAL advances made in agriculture, which have increased our food supply.

However, unless we improve upon existing techniques, farmers, and the planet itself, will be INCAPABLE of supplying enough food for a 10-billion-strong global population. And that is only one of many problems that an ever-increasing human population creates.

Источник

Тест №01 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Christmas

B11	Christmas is the most important annual festival in both Britain and North America. In its origins, it combines the Christiancelebration of the birth of Christ, on 25 December, with the ancient tradition of a winter feast during the darkest period of the year.	CELEBRATION
B12	Christmas carols — a special kind of religious songs — are an important part of it. You may hear them countless times over the radio but it is quite different when you listen to people sing carols around you in church.	COUNT
B13	At this time, too, many carol singers make door-to-door visits to people at home, collecting money for this or that charity.	SING
B14	Many weeks before Christmas, shops start selling various Christmas cards and Christmas gifts.	VARY
B15	Shop owners decorate their shops with holly, mistletoe, candles and colourful paper chains and lanterns.	OWN
B16	All kinds of traditional Christmas food are also widely available.	WIDE

Тест №02 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Arbor Day and Earth Day

B11	The first Arbor Day took place in April, 1872 in Nebraska. It was the brainchild of Julius Sterling Morton (1832-1902), a Nebraska journalist and politician originally from Michigan.	POLITICS
B12	When he became a member of Nebraska’s state board of agriculture, he proposed that a special day be set aside dedicated to tree planting and increasing awareness of the importance of trees. Nebraska’s first Arbor Day was an amazing success. More than one million trees were planted.	AWARE
B13	On April 22, 1970, Arbor Day activitieswere modified to emphasize the critical importance of the environment.	ACTIVE
B14	It was a time when cities were buried under their own smog and polluted rivers caught fire. Earth Day was created to remind people of their responsibility to protect the planet.	RESPONSIBLE
B15	Now Earth Day is celebrated annuallyaround the globe.	ANNUAL
B16	What started as a day of national environmental recognition has evolved into a worldwide campaign to protect our globalenvironment.	GLOBE

Тест №03 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Tourism in Britain

B11	Every year more than eleven million tourists visit Britain. Most visitors come in the summer months when they can expect good weather.	VISIT
B12	Tourists usually spend a few days in London, then go on to other well-known cities.	USUAL
B13	Perhaps the least visited places in England are old industrial towns.	INDUSTRY
B14	But many people think that nineteenth-century cities show the reality of Britain.	REAL
B15	The greatness of the past is to be still seen in their old streets.	GREAT
B16	The cheap, concrete buildings of the 1960s look old and dirty, but for the adventuroustourists these cities are full of life and colour.	ADVENTURE

Тест №04 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Australia

B11	Australia is an island continent and the world’s sixth largest country. The continent and the island of Tasmania, off its south-eastern coast, make up the Commonwealth of Australia.	SOUTH-EAST
B12	Australia is a federation of six states and two territories. The largest State, Western Australia, is about the same size as Western Europe. The country has a parliamentarysystem of administration modelled on the British one, and the state and federal structures are broadly similar.	PARLIAMENT
B13	Australia’s system of administration is based on the democratic tradition.	DEMOCRAT
B14	Australia is still a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, but although Britain’s king or queen is the Australian Head of State, Australia is fully autonomous.	FULL
B15	The British sovereign is represented by the governor-general and state governors, whose nomination for the post is ratified by the monarch of the day.	NOMINATE
B16	Ministers of the government are elected for a maximum of three years. Voting is by secret ballot and is compulsory for persons 18 years of age and over.	GOVERN

Тест №05 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Global Language

B11	It is difficult to tell exactly how many languages there are in the world today. Scientists say there are about 2,700 languages, but no one has ever made a more definite count.	SCIENCE
B12	In most countries there are at least two native languages, and in some cases — as in Cameroon — there are hundreds. The number of languages naturally changes as tribes die out or linguistic groups are absorbed.	NATURAL
B13	Nowadays, globalization influences thedevelopment of languages. New words appear, existing words acquire new meanings, native words give way to international terms.	DEVELOP
B14	Almost all languages change. A rare exception is written Icelandic, which has changed so little that speakers of modern Icelandic can read sagas written a thousand years ago.	SPEAK
B15	If you drew a map of Europe based on languages, it would be different from a conventional map. For example, Switzerland would practically disappear, becoming part of the surrounding areas of French, Italian, and German.	APPEAR
B16	Italy, too, would appear on the map not as one language, but as a whole variety of broadly related but often mutually incomprehensible dialects.	VARY

Тест №06 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The Power of the Great Pyramid

B11	In the 18th century a large number of foreigners came to the Great Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt. One of the most powerfulpeople of that time, Napoleon Bonaparte, also visited the Pyramid.	POWER
B12	His expedition to Egypt in 1798 was not only military but archeological as well. He took with him specialists in different spheres of science. The scientist measured, explored and made many drawings of Egyptian pyramids.	SCIENCE
B13	One day Napoleon with several servantscame to the Great Pyramid of Cheops. There he wanted to be left alone.	SERVE
B14	He ordered everyone to leave him and went into the darkness alone.	DARK
B15	When he came out he was pale. ‘Are you all right, sir?’ asked the guide. Napoleon was silent. Then he said sadly, ‘Never mention this matter again. Ever!’	SAD
B16	Years later, his friend Tomblier asked him what he had seen in the Great Pyramid. Napoleon stared at Tomblier for a while, then said only two words, Something impossible!’ He never spoke about it again.	POSSIBLE

Тест №07 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Russia in space

B11	Some of the greatest and most prominent inventions in the quest to explore space have a Russian connection. The father of theoretical astronautics, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, was a Soviet. His works have been an inspiration toleading Russian rocket engineers Valentin Glushko and Sergev Korolyov.	LEAD
B12	Soviet scientists paved the way to the well-known success of the Russian space program. Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite orbiting the Earth, was launched in 1957.	SCIENCE
B13	On April 12, 1961, Yury Gagarin successfullymade the first human trip to space.	SUCCESS
B14	Since then, many other Russian and Soviet records in space exploration followed.	EXPLORE
B15	Even now, Russia continues to be the leaderin satellite launching.	LEAD
B16	It is also the sole transport provider for spacetourism/tourists. Other Soviet contributions to the development of space flights include the invention of space food, space suits, human spaceflight, and human space orbit.	TOUR

Тест №08 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Scottish inventions

B11	Do you know how the refrigerator was invented? It is one of the most importantcontributions of the Scots to the world.	CONTRIBUTE
B12	If James Harrison (1816-1893), a Scottish immigrant to Australia, didn’t accidentallypush ether gas into a metal tube, people might still be using boxes filled with blocks of ice to cool their food.	ACCIDENTAL
B13	The main problem was how to overcome the need for ice in the refrigeration process.	REFRIGERATE
B14	Ice had to be cut fresh from frozen lakes and stored inside an underground house until it was ready to be used as a cooler.	COOL
B15	Australians had difficulty gaining access tonatural ice since Australia does not enjoy that many lakes.	NATURE
B16	Harrison’s discovery was beneficial the world over, but especially important for Australia because now it could export frozen meat to Europe. He even tried one such journey to Europe, but the ether had leaked during the voyage and ruined the entire cargo. Harrison went bankrupt but his legacy meant a huge difference to the Australian economy.	DIFFER

Тест №09 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The heart of Bangkok

B11	Bangkok is the capital of Thailand. Its numerous high-rise buildings, heavy traffic congestion, intense heat and naughty nightlife may not immediately give you the best impression.	BUILD
B12	Don’t let that mislead you.	LEAD
B13	It is one of Asia’s most cosmopolitan cities with impressive temples and palaces, authentic canals, busy markets and a vibrant nightlife that has something for everyone.	IMPRESS
B14	The heart of Bangkok is probably its magnificent Grand Palace, which is one of the architectural wonders of the world.	PROBABLE
B15	It is a collection of highly decorated holy temples and monuments.	COLLECT
B16	Its asymmetry and eclectic styles are due to its organic development, with additions and rebuilding being made by successive reigning kings over 200 years of history. It is worth spending at least a full morning or afternoon there. At night the palace is lit up and glows in vivid colour.	DEVELOP

Тест №10 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The most important liquid on Earth

B11	Water is a vital element in each of our lives. Not only is it essential to our health, but we also use it for various household tasks. Every day we use water for cooking, bathing, and cleaning, and drinking; but how often do we think about its source?	VARY
B12	Consumers receive their water from one of two sources: a private well, or a community water system.	CONSUME
B13	Approximately 15 percent of the U.S. population relies on individually owned and operated sources of drinking water, such as wells, cisterns, and springs. The majority of household wells are found in rural areas.	INDIVIDUAL
B14	Those who receive their water from a private well are solely responsible for the safety of the water.	RESPONSE
B15	Private wells are not subject to different federal regulations and are generally regulated on a very limited basis by states.	REGULATE
B16	Local health departments may assist well owners with periodic/periodical testing for bacteria or nitrates, but the bulk of the responsibility for caring for the well falls on the well owner.	PERIOD

Тест №11 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Can animals think?

B11	In his quarters at the University of Arizona, Alex is commenting on all that he sees. “Hot!” he warns as a visitor picks up a mug of tea. Alex spots a plateful of fruit and announces his choice: “Grape.” Alex is an African grey parrot.	VISIT
B12	For the last 16 years, biologist Irene Pepperberg has been exploring the degree to which the bird understands what he is saying.	BIOLOGY
B13	Alex also communicates what appear to bevarious feelings.	VARY
B14	Are the parrot’s words merely a collection of sounds he emits when frustrated, or does this one-pound bird know what he is saying?	MERE
B15	For centuries, philosophers argued thatthinking and language separate humans from other species. Later, scientists had reason to be critical of claims concerning animal intelligence.	THINK
B16	Today innovative probes of animal intelligence have convinced most scientists that other species really share with humans some higher mental abilities.	ABLE

Тест №12 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

UK: Conservation and Environmen

B11	Going for a walk is the most popular leisure activity in Britain. Despite its high populationdensity, the UK has many unspoilt rural and coastal areas.	POPULATE
B12	Twelve National Parks are freely accessible to the public and were created to conserve thenaturalbeauty, wildlife and cultural heritage they contain.	NATURE
B13	Most of the land in National Parks is privately owned, but administered by an independent National Park Authority which works to balance the expectations of visitors with the need to conserve these open spaces for future generations.	VISIT
B14	The UK also works to improve the global environment and has taken global warmingseriously ever since specialists discovered the hole in the ozone layer.	SERIOUS
B15	In 1997, the UK subscribed to the Kyoto Protocol binding developed countries to reduce emissions of the six main greenhouse gases. The Protocol declares environmentalprotection.	PROTECT
B16	Nowadays British scientists are taking part in one of the largest international projects that is undertaken to protect endangered species.	SCIENCE

Тест №13 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Chicago from above

B11	Following a recent renovation, the new Hancock Observatory invites you to enjoy Chicago’s best views from the city’s highest open-air Skywalk. It has quickly gainedpopularity with both Chicagoans and visitors of the city.	POPULAR
B12	Skywalk is Chicago’s highest open-air viewing area. It is 1,000 feet in the air! Everyone here can feel the strong wind and hear the dynamic buzz of the city below. The friendly staff willcertainly tell the real story behind Chicago’s “Windy City” nickname.	CERTAIN
B13	For those who feel uncomfortable about such a great height there are more relaxing indoor audio Sky Tours.	COMFORT
B14	These 30-minute personal audio tours give a unique “overview” of Chicago’s wonderful sights and remarkable history! Sky Tours are available in English, Spanish and German.	REMARK
B15	History Wall is another popular attraction. More than 100 photos on a great 80-foot display show Chicago’s rise from a small settlement to a great city.	ATTRACT
B16	As a tour guide I have been to the Skywalkcountless times and still I can’t help admiring it.	COUNT

Тест №14 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Ray Bradbury

B11	Ray Douglas Bradbury is a US writer of fantasy, horror, science fiction and mystery. He is widely considered to be one of the 20thcentury’s greatest and most popular writers of science fiction.	WIDE
B12	His works have been translated into more than 40 languages and have sold tens of millions of copies in different countries. His popularitycontinues in the 21st century.	POPULAR
B13	During his long writing career, Bradbury has written almost 600 short stories, eleven novels, as well as various poems and plays.	VARY
B14	He first became famous for his Martian Chronicles, a collection of short stories concerning colonization of the planet Mars. In it, Bradbury portrayed the strengths andweaknesses of human beings as they encountered a new world.	WEAK
B15	Bradbury won countless literary awards, the most important of them coming from the National Institute of Arts and Letters.	COUNT
B16	Millions of science fiction readers all over the world are grateful to Ray Bradbury for his outstanding achievement / achievements in the field of fantasy and science fiction.	ACHIEVE

Тест №15 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Animals

B11	The importance of animals in British life is reflected in many ways. In the past, landowners liked to be portrayed with their dogs and horses. Countless pictures of this kind can be seen in art galleries and private residences.	COUNT
B12	Animals are widely used in advertising in magazines and on television.	WIDE
B13	The Royal Society for the prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) is one of the largest charities in Britain.	PREVENT
B14	RSPCA is a part of a more generalmovementin support of animal rights that has emerged recently in Britain and the USA.	MOVE
B15	Animal rights organizations use varioustactics: picketing stores that sell furs, harassing hunters in the wild, or breaking into laboratories to free animals.	VARY
B16	Their main aim is to ban the cruel treatment and killing of animals both in laboratory experiments and in factory farming. The irresponsible and neglectful treatment of animals by some zoo and pet owners is also their concern.	OWN

Тест №16 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Why do we sleep?

B11	A recent study may have an answer to one of the greatest unsolved mysteries in science — what is the purpose of sleep? The work suggests it’s really about making animals function more efficiently in their environments.	REAL
B12	Scientists from the University of California, Los Angeles, conducted a study of the sleep times of a broad range of animals. They discovered much variation.	SCIENCE
B13	You may think it impossible but some migrating birds canfly non-stop for up to 90 hours.	POSSIBLE
B14	Pythons and bats are among the longestsleepers at over 18 hours a day.	SLEEP
B15	Human babies need 16 hours and their health and intellectual development depend on sleeping properly.	DEVELOP
B16	Most of us probably feel we need around eight hours sleep to function well. Some people have difficulty/difficulties in getting enough sleep and this may lead to serious health problems.	DIFFICULT

Тест №17 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Future population

B11	The United Nations (UN) has published its prediction about the size and age of the world’s population three hundred years from now. This report can help environmentalscientists and policy-makers to understand dramatic changes in the world’s population in the future.	SCIENCE
B12	The report suggests that if the birth rates stay the same, there’ll be a huge expansion of theglobal population.	GLOBE
B13	You may think it isimpossible but three centuries from now there may be over one hundred and thirty trillion people.	POSSIBLE
B14	The report says that the world’s population is likely to be significantly older. The average age will be fifty while today it is twenty six.	SIGNIFICANT
B15	Almost a quarter of all the inhabitants of the planet will live in Africa.	INHABIT
B16	Researchers think that India, China and the United States will continue to be countries with the biggest population.	RESEARCH

Тест №18 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Invention of Potato Chips

B11	The potato chip was invented in 1853 by George Crum who was a chef at a restaurant in New York. Fried potatoes were popular at the restaurant because they were ratherinexpensive, but one day a visitor complained that the slices were too thick.	EXPENSIVE
B12	Crum made thinner slices, but the nervouscustomer was still dissatisfied.	NERVE
B13	Crum finally made fries that were too thin to eat with a fork, hoping to annoy theextremely difficult customer.	EXTREME
B14	But the customer was happy — and that was the invention of potato chips!	INVENT
B15	Industrial manufacturing of potato chips began in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1895.	INDUSTRY
B16	The chips gained even more popularity in 1926 when a wax paper potato chip bag was invented that helped to keep them fresh and crisp.	POPULAR

Тест №19 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Tourism in Australia

B11	The growth of tourism infrastructure related to the base of Ayers Rock, or Uluru began in the 1950s. Soon it started to produce adverse environmental impacts.	ENVIRONMENT
B12	It was decided in the early 1970s to remove all accommodation-related tourist facilities and re-establish them outside the park. In 1975, a reservation of 104 square kilometres of land beyond the park’s northern boundary was chosen as the site for a new resort.	RESERVE
B13	A year or two later, the development of a tourist facility and an associated airport, to be known as Yulara started.	DEVELOP
B14	The camp ground within the park was closed in 1983 and the motels closed in late 1984, coinciding with the opening of the luxurious resort. In 1992, the majority interest in the Yulara resort held by the Northern Territory government/governorwas sold and the resort was renamed Ayers Rock Resort.	GOVERN
B15	Since listing the park as a World Heritage Site, the annual number of visitors rose to over 400,000 people by the year 2000.	VISIT
B16	Increased tourism provides regional and national economic benefits. It also presents an ongoing challenge to balance conservation of cultural values and tourists’ needs.	CULTURE

Тест №20 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The World’s Language

B11	The English language is famous for the richness of its vocabulary. Webster’s New International Dictionary lists 450,000 words, and the new Oxford English Dictionary has 615,000, but that is only part of the total. Technical and scientists terms would add millions more.	SCIENCE
B12	The wealth of existing synonyms means thatspeakers of English have two words for something denoted by one word in a different language. The French, for instance, do not distinguish between house and home, between mind and brain. The Spanish cannot differentiate a chairman from a president.	SPEAK
B13	In Russia, there are no native words for efficiency, challenge and engagement ring. Of course, every language has areas in which it needs, for practical purposes, to be more expressive than others.	PRACTICE
B14	The Eskimos have fifty words for types of snow, though there is no word for just plain snow. Naturally, African languages have no native word for snow.	NATURAL
B15	Nowadays, globalization influences thedevelopment of languages.	DEVELOP
B16	Some native words disappear, giving way to international terms.	APPEAR

Тест №21 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Entertaining guests

B11	The most usual way to entertain friends at home is to invite them for a meal, either in the evening or at lunch-time on a Sunday. When guests are invited for a meal, they often sit and chat while they have a drink before the meal, and coffee is usually served afterwards.	USUAL
B12	Several close friends are sometimes invited at once to make a small party to celebrate a birthday, a child’s coming of age or some special achievement/achievements.	ACHIEVE
B13	These parties are almost always informal, there is no dress code and in summer, when the weather is fine, people may hold a barbecue in the garden.	FORMAL
B14	Formal occasions, official receptions for foreign visitors, when written invitations are sent, rarely take place in people’s homes, although they did in the past.	INVITE
B15	The host often provides various kinds of entertainment, or at least entertains guests with interesting stories and merry jokes.	VARY
B16	The tasty meal is often followed by party games or dances which are intended to amuse or interest people in a way that gives them pleasure and make them enjoy the party.	TASTE

Источник

Раздел 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A The customer is worried about getting spare parts for the computer.

B The salesperson says there are no stocks at the Head Office in London.

C The customer has to bring the computer back to the Head Office in the event of a fault.

D The customer is satisfied with other firms’ speedy service.

E The annual charge for the service increases every year.

F The customer asks about the sort of paper for the printer.

G The customer says they’ve had only one printer up to now.

Утверждение

Соответствие диалогу

Вы услышите часть интервью с актёром, который сыграл роль капитана Барбосса в фильмах «Пираты Карибского Моря». В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Geoffrey Rush believes that the reason why he comes back is

1) the money he gets.

2) the popularity he enjoys.

3) the teamwork.

Ответ: .

Geoffrey Rush says that improvisation

1) is not allowed in their work.

2) is what Johnny Depp usually does.

3) usually becomes part of the script.

Ответ: .

One of the most predictable pirate clichés is

1) wearing an eye patch.

2) having a pet monkey.

3) using a peg leg to survive.

Ответ: .

While talking with Terry Rossio, Geoffrey Rush came up with the idea of
1) hiding money in a peg leg.
2) drinking alcohol out of a peg leg.
3) having a weapon in a peg leg.
Ответ: .

Penelope Cruz

1) met her match in the film.

2) made the actors work harder.

3) sharpened the actors’ wits.

Ответ: .

Geoffrey Rush is sure that in the fifth film
1) Barbossa’s wish to have more power will increase.
2) Barbossa will lose his power.
3) Barbossa will turn into James Cameron.
Ответ: .

In the fifth film Terry Rossio might explore

1) new aspects of the pirate world.

2) situations that are pirate-driven.

3) things that aren’t connected with piracy.

Ответ: .

Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Hazardous Waste
2. Invisible Threat
3. Primary Reason
4. Possible Solutions

5. Global Destruction
6. Disastrous Growth
7. Water Shortage
8. Quick Change

A. Acid rain moves easily, affecting locations far beyond those that let out the pollution. As a result, this global pollution issue causes great debates between countries that fight over polluting each other’s environments. The problem is that acid rain, one of the most important environmental problems of all, cannot be seen. Some scientists think that human production is primarily responsible, while others cite natural causes as well.

B. Air pollution has many disastrous effects that need to be curbed. In order to accomplish this, governments, scientists and environmentalists are using or testing a variety of methods aimed at reducing pollution. There are two main types of pollution control. Input controls are usually more effective than output controls. Output controls are also more expensive, making them less desirable to tax payers and polluting industries.

C. Global warming is called the greenhouse effect because the gases that are gathering above the earth make the planet comparable to a greenhouse. By trapping heat, the greenhouse effect is warming the planet and threatening the environment. Current fears stem largely from the fact that global warming is occurring at such a rapid pace. Models are predicting that over the next century the global temperature will rise by several degrees.

D. Individuals often throw out goods without realizing that they could be dangerous for the environment. No matter where people put these materials, there is always a chance that they could find their way into the ground and eventually into our bodies. Special research is necessary to provide data on the effects of every chemical as well as to learn how combinations of these chemicals affect human health.

E. Only a few factors combine to create the problem of ozone layer depletion. The production and emission of CFCs, chlorofluorocarbons, is by far the leading cause. Many countries have called for the end of CFC production. However, those industries that do use CFCs do not want to discontinue usage of this highly valuable industrial chemical. So it’s important to make people realize the disaster CFCs cause in the stratosphere.

F. Unlike some environmental issues, rainforest depletion has fortunately received significant public and media attention. According to some estimates, 50 million acres of rain forest are cut down every year. Every year, Brazil chops down an area of forest the size of the state of Nebraska. In Indonesia, Zaire, Papua-New Guinea, Malaysia, Burma, the Philippines, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, and Venezuela, rain forests that were once great have been lost.

G. The world’s population has been booming for years. The population is now threatening to reach the stage where there are simply too many people for the planet to support. Greater populations pollute and consume more, ruining the environment and creating or intensifying a variety of problems. Also, with the food supply limited, the increase in population will make shortages in many parts of the world even worse.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

On 25 October 1881, a little boy was born in Malaga, Spain. It was a difficult birth and to help him breathe, cigar smoke was blown into his nose! But despite being the youngest ever smoker, this baby grew up to be one of the 20th century’s greatest painters — Pablo Picasso.

Picasso showed his truly exceptional talent from a very young age. His first word was lapiz (Spanish for pencil) and he learned to draw before he could talk.

He was the only son in the family and very good-looking, A ____________. He hated school and often refused to go unless his doting parents allowed him to take one of his father’s pet pigeons with him!

Apart from pigeons, his great love was art, and when in 1891 his father, who was an amateur artist, got a job as a drawing teacher at a college, Pablo went with him to the college. He often watched his father painting and sometimes was allowed to help. One evening his father was painting a picture of their pigeons B ____________. He returned to find that Pablo had completed the picture, and it was so amazingly beautiful and lifelike that he gave his son his own palette and brushes and never painted again. Pablo was just 13.

From then onwards there was no stopping him. Many people realized that he was a genius but he disappointed those C ____________. He was always breaking the rules of artistic tradition and shocked the public with his strange and powerful pictures. He is probably best known for his ‘Cubist’ pictures, D ____________. His paintings of people were often made up of triangles and squares with their features in the wrong place. His work changed our ideas about art E ____________. Guernica, which he painted in 1937, records the bombing of that little Basque town during the Spanish Civil War, and is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces of modern painting.

Picasso died of heart failure during an attack of influenza in 1973. The artist created over 6,000 paintings, drawings and sculptures. Today a ‘Picasso’ costs several million pounds, F ____________.

which used only simple geometric shapes
so he was thoroughly spoilt
which is not surprising
that is why he was very hard-working
when he had to leave the room
who wanted him to become a traditional painter
that is why to millions of people modern art means the work of Picasso

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

After graduating from medical school, Eugene Alford built a lucrative career as an ear, nose, and throat specialist and a facial plastic surgeon at Methodist Hospital. In the summers, he and his wife Mary, a dentist and former paediatric nurse, would join a church-sponsored medical mission to Honduras, where he operated on the needy in a rural clinic.

At home, Alford treated many prominent Houston residents, but he also waived his fee for less fortunate patients. Carolyn Thomas, for instance, went to see him with a large gauze bandage over a cavity in her face. She had been shot by her boyfriend, who had also killed her mother. The bullet had blown away Thomas’s nose, upper jaw, and right eye. Reconstruction would have cost a million dollars, but Alford, his medical team, and his hospital did it for free.

Whenever Alford needed to relax after a particularly gruelling period of work, he’d drive to his ranch in Bellville and lose himself in farm chores. He didn’t make it out there as often as he would have liked. As a plastic surgeon at Methodist Hospital, he had performed 800 operations over the previous year and was booked solid for months ahead.

So on a chilly Sunday a few days after Christmas, Alford headed out through the pine bush, intending to clear a trail for deer hunting. As he cut through underbrush in the south pasture, Alford brought the tractor to a halt in front of a dead white oak standing in his path. He nudged the trunk with the tractor’s front-end loader, expecting the tree to topple neatly to the ground. Instead the top half of the oak swayed towards him. In seconds, more than a ton of hardwood slammed down on him, crushing his spine.

Pinned to the steering wheel, Alford could barely breathe. He tried to hit the brakes, but his legs failed to respond. When he found he could move his hands, he turned off the ignition, then with great effort pulled his cell phone from his shirt pocket and called his wife on speed dial. ‘Mary,’ he gasped, ‘a tree fell on me. I’m going to die.’ ‘Don’t quit!’ she shouted. ‘We’re coming to get you!’ Alford was still conscious when his neighbours Kevin and Snuffy, alerted by Mary, hauled the tree off him. A rescue helicopter touched down minutes later, and Alford advised the paramedics on which drugs to administer to him. Then he blacked out.

He was flown to the trauma unit at Medical Centre in Houston, then quickly transferred to Methodist. The operation was successful, but the patient was still in danger. After almost two weeks in the ICU, Alford awoke, and his condition improved enough for him to be taken to a rehabilitation unit, where he began physical therapy and learned to use a wheelchair. In February 2008, six weeks after the accident, Alford returned to his 100-year-old home in Houston. At first, he was so weak that he could sit up only when strapped into a wheelchair.

Before the accident, Alford had been a solidly built six-footer and was used to being in charge. Now, entirely dependent on others, he fell into despair. ‘If it weren’t for my wife and kids, I would have killed myself,’ he says. But then the love started pouring in. Alford’s brother maintained a blog to provide updates about Alford’s recovery. Over the next three months, he received 40,000 messages from colleagues, former patients, acquaintances, even strangers. The outpouring raised his spirits. It also gave Mary a new perspective on him. For years, Alford’s schedule of 15-hour days hadn’t left him much time for her and the kids. ‘I’d just about decided you liked work more than us,’ Mary told him one day over lunch. ‘But now I realize you didn’t want to leave the hospital because there were so many folks that needed you. You couldn’t just abandon them.’

The couple refurbished their house with ramps, a wheelchair-accessible bathroom, and an elevator. They bought an extended-cab pickup truck and fitted it with a wheelchair hoist, a swivelling driver’s seat, and hand controls so Alford could drive himself.

But Alford’s goal was to make such adjustments temporary. After a month of physical therapy, he graduated from an electric to a manual wheelchair. The daily workouts built strength in his back and abdominal muscles, improving his ability to hold himself upright. Soon he was able to stand with the aid of a tubular steel frame; seated in his chair, he could now draw his legs toward his chest.

In May, Alford began the next phase of treatment. By putting a paralyzed patient through his paces, therapists hoped to grow new neuromuscular connections. After three months of this routine, Alford’s coordination had improved markedly. He felt ready to pick up a scalpel again, with the hospital’s approval. Alford still goes for four hours of rehab every morning and spends his evenings stretching and riding a motorized stationary bike to keep muscle spasms at bay. But in the hours between, he sees patients or performs surgeries — as many as five a week.

He’s eager to do more complex surgeries and plans to increase his workload. Walking remains uncertain. ‘I always tell him if I had a crystal ball, I’d be a millionaire,’ says Marcie Kern, one of his physical therapists. Still, the doctor considers himself a lucky man.

(Adapted from ‘His Own Medicine: a Doctor’s Story of Healing’ by Michael Haederle)

Eugene Alford

1) treated only prominent Houston residents.
2) did some charity work.

3) had fixed fees.
4) often visited his ranch in Bellville.

Ответ: .

In paragraph 3 ‘gruelling’ means

1) extremely boring.
2) quite exciting.

3) very tiring.
4) highly uncomfortable.

Ответ: .

As a result of the accident, the oak broke Alford’s

1) neck.

2) legs.

3) back.

4) chest.

Ответ: .

Before the accident, Alford
1) was in charge of the hospital.
2) liked his work more than his family.
3) worked 15 hours a week.
4) could not spend much time with his wife and children.
Ответ: .

To make Alford feel more comfortable
1) the family equipped their house with necessary facilities.
2) his 100-year-old house was redecorated.
3) the family bought a new house.
4) his old pickup truck was fitted with a wheelchair hoist.
Ответ: .

After physical therapy and daily workouts
1) Alford didn’t need a wheelchair.
2) Alford’s stamina came back.
3) Alford started to perform simple operations.
4) Alford’s coordination improved markedly.
Ответ: .

At present Alford
1) feels sorry for himself.
2) is planning to practise medicine as well as he used to.
3) is going to start walking.
4) wants to become a millionaire.
Ответ: .

Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.

Обратите внимание, что по правилам ЕГЭ ответы нужно писать без пробелов и других знаков, например, правильный ответ ‘have done’ нужно будет записать как ‘havedone’, иначе ваш ответ не засчитается.

A Practical Joke

Mr. and Mrs. Parker were having a quite day at home. Their 18-year-old daughter was away in Wales with a friend.

STAY

Suddenly the phone .

RING

A hoarse voice told Mr. Parker that his daughter and that he had to pay a ransom of $2,000.

KIDNAP

He was also warned that if he , he would never see his daughter again. The voice then gave him instructions about where and when to hand over the money.

NOT PAY

Mr. Parker took the train to Wales. He went to the hotel and gave the briefcase with the money to a woman in a scarf and a raincoat.

ONE

At 11 p.m. the same evening, to his great relief, his daughter came back home. She looked than ever and could hardly stop herself from laughing when she handed him his briefcase with $2,000.

HAPPY

It turned out that she and her friend to play a practical joke.

DECIDE

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

Distance Learning

Many people have done research on how to improve the course work of distance learning and also the of how the material is being taught.

EVALUATE

One big concern is that people are cheating with distance learning classes. Many professors are now developing ways to keep distance learning courses from being .

MEANING

One way to improve them is to change the way they are taught.

CONTINUAL

Teachers are beginning to require classwork for the same course that they teach.

DIFFER

They also ask students to become more with their homework and the projects they have to complete.

ACTIVE

Moreover, students are given tests from a test bank. The test is made up I when they log into the test website. These are the same for students taking distant classes at school or at special courses.

REQUIRE

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Machu Picchu

In a way, it’s wonderful that Machu Picchu can nowadays be visited on a day 32____ from Cuzco. Everyone probably should have a chance to see this remarkable place.

Like many travellers, I hoped to get a taste of Machu Picchu’s ‘lost in the clouds’ atmosphere by approaching the ruins on foot 33____ the Inca trail. I joined the obligatory tour group in Cuzco, then spent the next four days surrounded by others making the classic pilgrimage. Along the way, we crossed several breathtaking Andean passes, treading on original Inca paving stones, and passing several other fine ruins.

Our last 34____ stop was at an exquisitely beautiful site called Huinay Huayna, where dozens of impossibly steep terraces cascade into a deep green gorge backed by a high waterfall. My new-found travelling companions included five Argentines who 35____ my interest in exploring Huinay Huayna by moonlight.

The only problem was a slight difference in styles. Mine was more along the lines of silent and meditative contemplation; theirs involved a ritualistic circle chant, led by the charismatic lone male in the group whom I thereafter nicknamed the Warlock. Absenting myself from the circle that night, I made a mental note to 36____ my distance from them the next day at Machu Picchu.

Before dawn the following morning we climbed to the mountaintop Gateway of the Sun, hoping for the classic panoramic view of Machu Picchu before the tour buses arrived. Unfortunately, the weather did not cooperate. With dozens of other disappointed trekkers, I shivered on the hilltop in chilly fog for two hours, waiting for a sunrise that never came, then trudged down the hill to Machu Picchu itself. As I 37____, the clouds started lifting, revealing the place to be every bit as spectacular as I could have hoped. By day’s end, my tour group had dispersed, apparently preferring a hot bath. I, however, felt I was just 38____ the surface.

1) travel

2) voyage

3) journey

4) trip

Ответ: .

1) with

2) via

3) across

4) over

Ответ: .

1) overall

2) overhead

3) overnight

4) overday

Ответ: .

1) captured

2) shared

3) kept

4) held

Ответ: .

1) keep

2) hold

3) take

4) use

Ответ: .

1) descended

2) ascended

3) attended

4) pretended

Ответ: .

1) reaching

2) touching

3) scratching

4) patching

Ответ: .

Ваш результат: пока 0.

Далее вы можете набрать еще 40 баллов. Автоматически это проверить нельзя, поэтому сделайте реалистичный прогноз о том, сколько бы вы смогли набрать баллов, и получите ваш итоговый результат ЕГЭ.

Если возник вопрос по ответу, в котором вы ошиблись, можете задать его в комментариях.

Раздел 4. ПИСЬМО

Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Susan who writes:

… Yesterday I borrowed a wonderful book from the library and I can’t put it down. Do you enjoy reading? Who is your favourite writer? What kind of books do you and your friends enjoy?

Write a letter to Susan.
In your letter
— answer her questions
— ask 3 questions about her exams
Write 100 — 140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.

За это задание вы можете получить 6 баллов максимум.

Comment on the following statement.

Lots of teenagers are keen on playing computer games. However, adults are sure that computer games teach us nothing and young people should avoid them.

Write 200 — 250 words.

— make an introduction (state the problem)
— express your personal opinion and give 2—3 reasons for your opinion
— express an opposing opinion and give 1—2 reasons for this opposing opinion
— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
— make a conclusion restating your position

За это задание вы можете получить 14 баллов максимум.

Раздел 5. ГОВОРЕНИЕ

— За 1,5 минуты нужно подготовиться и в следующие 1,5 минуты выразительно прочитать текст вслух — 1 балл.
— Составление 5 вопросов на основе ключевых слов. На подготовку отводится 1,5 минуты, затем каждый вопрос надо сформулировать в течение 20 секунд — 5 баллов.
— 3 фотографии. Нужно выбрать 1 и описать ее по предложенному тут же в задании плану за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.
— 2 картинки. Нужно сравнить их, описать сходства и различия, объяснить, почему выбранная тематика близка выпускнику, за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.

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