I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed егэ

The ancient Greeks coined the term ‘atomos’, meaning the smallest possible separation of matter. In ancient times, both the Greeks and Indians had philosophised about the existence of the atom. However, it was first hypothesised scientifically by the British chemist John Dalton in the early years of the 19th century, ___ (A). Since then, smaller subatomic particles have been discovered and the part they play as the basic building blocks of the universe is clear. We now know that atoms are made up of differing numbers of electrons, neutrons and protons, and these too are made up of even smaller particles.

Dalton’s theory about atoms was not immediately accepted by chemists, although one reason for this was Dalton’s well-known carelessness in experimental procedures. However, we know that Dalton was correct in almost everything he said in his theory of the atom. He described an atom, even though he had never seen one, ___ (B). It could combine with the atoms of other chemical elements to create a compound.

Almost a century later the first subatomic particles were discovered. By the 1930s, physicists were working with new ideas ___ (C). In turn, these developments helped them to develop quantum mechanics.

In chemistry, the atom is the smallest part of an element ___ (D). The difference in the number of subatomic particles makes one atom different from another.

Subatomic particles also have another purpose. If there is the same number of electrons and protons in the atom, ___ (E). A difference between the two means the atom has an electrical charge. In other words, it produces electricity. This electricity means the electrons can become attracted to each other. In this way, atoms can bond together to form molecules, and when enough molecules are joined together we have matter ___ (F).

1. when he suggested it was the smallest particle that could exist
2. that we can see
3. as he has no equipment
4. as a particle that cannot change its nature
5. then it will be electronically neutral
6. that can still be recognised
7. which allowed them to investigate the parts of the atom in great detail

‘I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed,’ J. B. Priestley once said of the Grand Canyon. ‘The same people will be disappointed at the Day of Judgment.’

I have to confess I was disappointed on my first visit to the canyon more than a decade ago. One July, on our way to Los Angeles, my family and I swung off the highway and made the 60-mile detour to the South Rim, and found ourselves caught in a long traffic jam. When we eventually managed to park, and walked to the rim, the scale of the sight off the edge was so great that it was hard to muster a response. It was so vast, and so familiar from innumerable pictures, it might just as well have been a picture. What impressed me most was the babel of languages audible among the files of visitors pouring off the tour buses. It sounded like Times Square on a Saturday night, with every continent represented in the hubbub.

We only stayed an hour or two. But before we left, from the rim I saw a trail, pale as chalk, winding down a huge slope beneath a cliff. There’s something about a trail seen from far away. This thread snaking over the landscape — where does it go, who uses it, why does it seem so intimate with the land? And why does it arouse such an intense longing to follow it? An unknown path seems almost necessarily a metaphor. We like to conceive of life as a thread, after all, a path crossing unexpected terrain on its journey to another element. There wasn’t time to follow it, and I left with a nagging sense of opportunity lost, and that pale thread of a path still pulling at me.

It wasn’t until last winter that I got to answer that pull. And the first thing I learned is that for the Grand Canyon, winter is the time to go. As the chief district ranger John Evans told me, ‘You’ll more or less have the place to yourself.’ Although the canyon is a desert, it’s a kind of oasis in winter — a place of peace, sequestered from the rest of the world. In three days of hiking I saw only two or three mule trains, each carrying baggage not riders, and maybe two dozen hikers in all.

Winter is cool, and cool is good for hiking. It’s true there’s snow on the trails, and long-molded tongues of ice pounded into enamel-like smoothness by the mules that go up and down with supplies, but that’s only on the highest reaches. Drop 2,000 feet from the rim and you’ll most likely be free of it. Sunlight becomes a blessing instead of a 120-degree curse, when you step out of the chilly shade into some welcome warmth.

To experience the canyon, you have to leave the rim. The frustration aroused by the bigness, the grandness, on a rim-only visit becomes a liberation once you drop down. The modern world falls away. It’s not just a trip out of the human realm, but into the deep geology of the earth. Layer upon layer of the planet’s crust is revealed. And in the silence and stillness, in the solitude of the canyon in winter, it’s all the more impressive.

As I prepared to go, and talked to friends about the coming trip, I was amazed how many people knew the inner canyon well. One acquaintance told me that he had spent 300 nights below the rim, falling just short of a lifetime’s ambition of a full year. In a grocery store in Santa Fe, where I live, I got talking with a Grand Canyon-crazy runner who hikes from rim to rim in a single day several times a year. A woman in a coffee shop line told me about the time a 10-pound falling rock nearly knocked her off a trail. I began to get the feeling the Grand Canyon is truly a national monument, similar to the Lake District in England. ‘Each man sees himself in the Grand Canyon,’ Carl Sandburg said. It’s something all Americans share and take pride in.

This was all very well, but the canyon is one mile deep, and the trail itself about 10 miles long, and that translates to a very arduous walk, especially for an 8-year-old. By some arcane family algebra, it was Saul, our younger son, who was due a trip with me.

After an impossibly smooth two-hour ride in the vintage coaches of the Grand Canyon Railway from the nearest major settlement south of the canyon, we checked in at Bright Angel Lodge near the canyon rim, to reconfirm our bookings for Phantom Ranch, down in the bottom. The woman behind the desk glanced at my young son and said: ‘I hope you’re planning to leave immediately, if not sooner.’

It was already 1 o’clock, and most hikers set off in the morning.

My heart dropped. Saul is strong, fit as an Olympic athlete, but still only 8. Was it crazy and cruel to ask him to walk down then up a whole mile of elevation? What if having got him down he hurt himself, or his feisty spirit gave out? And then there was my own bipedal apparatus. What if my own legs failed me?

The fear only amplified over the first spectacular mile of trail, where we had to pick our way precariously over ice. But then we were out on the spine of a ridge that dropped precipitately to either side, and the ice was all melted away. Here, it wasn’t so much about looking at a view as being in the midst of one.

I wouldn’t want a creationist to misinterpret this, but I always find geology more or less unbelievable. Were those hundreds of square miles of limestone hundreds of feet deep truly made by trillions of marine creatures dying? Could a river really carve out a gash that deep? But before the construction of the Glen Canyon Dam, in a single day the Colorado River used to carry away 380,000 tons or more of silt, enough to fill a train 25 miles long. Each day. A river this size is indeed an efficient grinding tool. The scientist John Strong Newberry said that ‘nowhere on the earth’s surface, so far as we know, are the secrets of its structure revealed as here.’

‘I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed,’ J. B. Priestley once said of the Grand Canyon. ‘The same people will be disappointed at the Day of Judgment.’

I have to confess I was disappointed on my first visit to the canyon more than a decade ago. One July, on our way to Los Angeles, my family and I swung off the highway and made the 60-mile detour to the South Rim, and found ourselves caught in a long traffic jam. When we eventually managed to park, and walked to the rim, the scale of the sight off the edge was so great that it was hard to muster a response. It was so vast, and so familiar from innumerable pictures, it might just as well have been a picture. What impressed me most was the babel of languages audible among the files of visitors pouring off the tour buses. It sounded like Times Square on a Saturday night, with every continent represented in the hubbub.

We only stayed an hour or two. But before we left, from the rim I saw a trail, pale as chalk, winding down a huge slope beneath a cliff. There’s something about a trail seen from far away. This thread snaking over the landscape — where does it go, who uses it, why does it seem so intimate with the land? And why does it arouse such an intense longing to follow it? An unknown path seems almost necessarily a metaphor. We like to conceive of life as a thread, after all, a path crossing unexpected terrain on its journey to another element. There wasn’t time to follow it, and I left with a nagging sense of opportunity lost, and that pale thread of a path still pulling at me.

It wasn’t until last winter that I got to answer that pull. And the first thing I learned is that for the Grand Canyon, winter is the time to go. As the chief district ranger John Evans told me, ‘You’ll more or less have the place to yourself.’ Although the canyon is a desert, it’s a kind of oasis in winter — a place of peace, sequestered from the rest of the world. In three days of hiking I saw only two or three mule trains, each carrying baggage not riders, and maybe two dozen hikers in all.

Winter is cool, and cool is good for hiking. It’s true there’s snow on the trails, and long-molded tongues of ice pounded into enamel-like smoothness by the mules that go up and down with supplies, but that’s only on the highest reaches. Drop 2,000 feet from the rim and you’ll most likely be free of it. Sunlight becomes a blessing instead of a 120-degree curse, when you step out of the chilly shade into some welcome warmth.

To experience the canyon, you have to leave the rim. The frustration aroused by the bigness, the grandness, on a rim-only visit becomes a liberation once you drop down. The modern world falls away. It’s not just a trip out of the human realm, but into the deep geology of the earth. Layer upon layer of the planet’s crust is revealed. And in the silence and stillness, in the solitude of the canyon in winter, it’s all the more impressive.

As I prepared to go, and talked to friends about the coming trip, I was amazed how many people knew the inner canyon well. One acquaintance told me that he had spent 300 nights below the rim, falling just short of a lifetime’s ambition of a full year. In a grocery store in Santa Fe, where I live, I got talking with a Grand Canyon-crazy runner who hikes from rim to rim in a single day several times a year. A woman in a coffee shop line told me about the time a 10-pound falling rock nearly knocked her off a trail. I began to get the feeling the Grand Canyon is truly a national monument, similar to the Lake District in England. ‘Each man sees himself in the Grand Canyon,’ Carl Sandburg said. It’s something all Americans share and take pride in.

This was all very well, but the canyon is one mile deep, and the trail itself about 10 miles long, and that translates to a very arduous walk, especially for an 8-year-old. By some arcane family algebra, it was Saul, our younger son, who was due a trip with me.

After an impossibly smooth two-hour ride in the vintage coaches of the Grand Canyon Railway from the nearest major settlement south of the canyon, we checked in at Bright Angel Lodge near the canyon rim, to reconfirm our bookings for Phantom Ranch, down in the bottom. The woman behind the desk glanced at my young son and said: ‘I hope you’re planning to leave immediately, if not sooner.’

It was already 1 o’clock, and most hikers set off in the morning.

My heart dropped. Saul is strong, fit as an Olympic athlete, but still only 8. Was it crazy and cruel to ask him to walk down then up a whole mile of elevation? What if having got him down he hurt himself, or his feisty spirit gave out? And then there was my own bipedal apparatus. What if my own legs failed me?

The fear only amplified over the first spectacular mile of trail, where we had to pick our way precariously over ice. But then we were out on the spine of a ridge that dropped precipitately to either side, and the ice was all melted away. Here, it wasn’t so much about looking at a view as being in the midst of one.

I wouldn’t want a creationist to misinterpret this, but I always find geology more or less unbelievable. Were those hundreds of square miles of limestone hundreds of feet deep truly made by trillions of marine creatures dying? Could a river really carve out a gash that deep? But before the construction of the Glen Canyon Dam, in a single day the Colorado River used to carry away 380,000 tons or more of silt, enough to fill a train 25 miles long. Each day. A river this size is indeed an efficient grinding tool. The scientist John Strong Newberry said that ‘nowhere on the earth’s surface, so far as we know, are the secrets of its structure revealed as here.’

‘I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed,’ J. B. Priestley once said of the Grand Canyon. ‘The same people will be disappointed at the Day of Judgment.’

I have to confess I was disappointed on my first visit to the canyon more than a decade ago. One July, on our way to Los Angeles, my family and I swung off the highway and made the 60-mile detour to the South Rim, and found ourselves caught in a long traffic jam. When we eventually managed to park, and walked to the rim, the scale of the sight off the edge was so great that it was hard to muster a response. It was so vast, and so familiar from innumerable pictures, it might just as well have been a picture. What impressed me most was the babel of languages audible among the files of visitors pouring off the tour buses. It sounded like Times Square on a Saturday night, with every continent represented in the hubbub.

We only stayed an hour or two. But before we left, from the rim I saw a trail, pale as chalk, winding down a huge slope beneath a cliff. There’s something about a trail seen from far away. This thread snaking over the landscape — where does it go, who uses it, why does it seem so intimate with the land? And why does it arouse such an intense longing to follow it? An unknown path seems almost necessarily a metaphor. We like to conceive of life as a thread, after all, a path crossing unexpected terrain on its journey to another element. There wasn’t time to follow it, and I left with a nagging sense of opportunity lost, and that pale thread of a path still pulling at me.

It wasn’t until last winter that I got to answer that pull. And the first thing I learned is that for the Grand Canyon, winter is the time to go. As the chief district ranger John Evans told me, ‘You’ll more or less have the place to yourself.’ Although the canyon is a desert, it’s a kind of oasis in winter — a place of peace, sequestered from the rest of the world. In three days of hiking I saw only two or three mule trains, each carrying baggage not riders, and maybe two dozen hikers in all.

Winter is cool, and cool is good for hiking. It’s true there’s snow on the trails, and long-molded tongues of ice pounded into enamel-like smoothness by the mules that go up and down with supplies, but that’s only on the highest reaches. Drop 2,000 feet from the rim and you’ll most likely be free of it. Sunlight becomes a blessing instead of a 120-degree curse, when you step out of the chilly shade into some welcome warmth.

To experience the canyon, you have to leave the rim. The frustration aroused by the bigness, the grandness, on a rim-only visit becomes a liberation once you drop down. The modern world falls away. It’s not just a trip out of the human realm, but into the deep geology of the earth. Layer upon layer of the planet’s crust is revealed. And in the silence and stillness, in the solitude of the canyon in winter, it’s all the more impressive.

As I prepared to go, and talked to friends about the coming trip, I was amazed how many people knew the inner canyon well. One acquaintance told me that he had spent 300 nights below the rim, falling just short of a lifetime’s ambition of a full year. In a grocery store in Santa Fe, where I live, I got talking with a Grand Canyon-crazy runner who hikes from rim to rim in a single day several times a year. A woman in a coffee shop line told me about the time a 10-pound falling rock nearly knocked her off a trail. I began to get the feeling the Grand Canyon is truly a national monument, similar to the Lake District in England. ‘Each man sees himself in the Grand Canyon,’ Carl Sandburg said. It’s something all Americans share and take pride in.

This was all very well, but the canyon is one mile deep, and the trail itself about 10 miles long, and that translates to a very arduous walk, especially for an 8-year-old. By some arcane family algebra, it was Saul, our younger son, who was due a trip with me.

After an impossibly smooth two-hour ride in the vintage coaches of the Grand Canyon Railway from the nearest major settlement south of the canyon, we checked in at Bright Angel Lodge near the canyon rim, to reconfirm our bookings for Phantom Ranch, down in the bottom. The woman behind the desk glanced at my young son and said: ‘I hope you’re planning to leave immediately, if not sooner.’

It was already 1 o’clock, and most hikers set off in the morning.

My heart dropped. Saul is strong, fit as an Olympic athlete, but still only 8. Was it crazy and cruel to ask him to walk down then up a whole mile of elevation? What if having got him down he hurt himself, or his feisty spirit gave out? And then there was my own bipedal apparatus. What if my own legs failed me?

The fear only amplified over the first spectacular mile of trail, where we had to pick our way precariously over ice. But then we were out on the spine of a ridge that dropped precipitately to either side, and the ice was all melted away. Here, it wasn’t so much about looking at a view as being in the midst of one.

I wouldn’t want a creationist to misinterpret this, but I always find geology more or less unbelievable. Were those hundreds of square miles of limestone hundreds of feet deep truly made by trillions of marine creatures dying? Could a river really carve out a gash that deep? But before the construction of the Glen Canyon Dam, in a single day the Colorado River used to carry away 380,000 tons or more of silt, enough to fill a train 25 miles long. Each day. A river this size is indeed an efficient grinding tool. The scientist John Strong Newberry said that ‘nowhere on the earth’s surface, so far as we know, are the secrets of its structure revealed as here.’

‘I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed,’ J. B. Priestley once said of the Grand Canyon. ‘The same people will be disappointed at the Day of Judgment.’

I have to confess I was disappointed on my first visit to the canyon more than a decade ago. One July, on our way to Los Angeles, my family and I swung off the highway and made the 60-mile detour to the South Rim, and found ourselves caught in a long traffic jam. When we eventually managed to park, and walked to the rim, the scale of the sight off the edge was so great that it was hard to muster a response. It was so vast, and so familiar from innumerable pictures, it might just as well have been a picture. What impressed me most was the babel of languages audible among the files of visitors pouring off the tour buses. It sounded like Times Square on a Saturday night, with every continent represented in the hubbub.

We only stayed an hour or two. But before we left, from the rim I saw a trail, pale as chalk, winding down a huge slope beneath a cliff. There’s something about a trail seen from far away. This thread snaking over the landscape — where does it go, who uses it, why does it seem so intimate with the land? And why does it arouse such an intense longing to follow it? An unknown path seems almost necessarily a metaphor. We like to conceive of life as a thread, after all, a path crossing unexpected terrain on its journey to another element. There wasn’t time to follow it, and I left with a nagging sense of opportunity lost, and that pale thread of a path still pulling at me.

It wasn’t until last winter that I got to answer that pull. And the first thing I learned is that for the Grand Canyon, winter is the time to go. As the chief district ranger John Evans told me, ‘You’ll more or less have the place to yourself.’ Although the canyon is a desert, it’s a kind of oasis in winter — a place of peace, sequestered from the rest of the world. In three days of hiking I saw only two or three mule trains, each carrying baggage not riders, and maybe two dozen hikers in all.

Winter is cool, and cool is good for hiking. It’s true there’s snow on the trails, and long-molded tongues of ice pounded into enamel-like smoothness by the mules that go up and down with supplies, but that’s only on the highest reaches. Drop 2,000 feet from the rim and you’ll most likely be free of it. Sunlight becomes a blessing instead of a 120-degree curse, when you step out of the chilly shade into some welcome warmth.

To experience the canyon, you have to leave the rim. The frustration aroused by the bigness, the grandness, on a rim-only visit becomes a liberation once you drop down. The modern world falls away. It’s not just a trip out of the human realm, but into the deep geology of the earth. Layer upon layer of the planet’s crust is revealed. And in the silence and stillness, in the solitude of the canyon in winter, it’s all the more impressive.

As I prepared to go, and talked to friends about the coming trip, I was amazed how many people knew the inner canyon well. One acquaintance told me that he had spent 300 nights below the rim, falling just short of a lifetime’s ambition of a full year. In a grocery store in Santa Fe, where I live, I got talking with a Grand Canyon-crazy runner who hikes from rim to rim in a single day several times a year. A woman in a coffee shop line told me about the time a 10-pound falling rock nearly knocked her off a trail. I began to get the feeling the Grand Canyon is truly a national monument, similar to the Lake District in England. ‘Each man sees himself in the Grand Canyon,’ Carl Sandburg said. It’s something all Americans share and take pride in.

This was all very well, but the canyon is one mile deep, and the trail itself about 10 miles long, and that translates to a very arduous walk, especially for an 8-year-old. By some arcane family algebra, it was Saul, our younger son, who was due a trip with me.

After an impossibly smooth two-hour ride in the vintage coaches of the Grand Canyon Railway from the nearest major settlement south of the canyon, we checked in at Bright Angel Lodge near the canyon rim, to reconfirm our bookings for Phantom Ranch, down in the bottom. The woman behind the desk glanced at my young son and said: ‘I hope you’re planning to leave immediately, if not sooner.’

It was already 1 o’clock, and most hikers set off in the morning.

My heart dropped. Saul is strong, fit as an Olympic athlete, but still only 8. Was it crazy and cruel to ask him to walk down then up a whole mile of elevation? What if having got him down he hurt himself, or his feisty spirit gave out? And then there was my own bipedal apparatus. What if my own legs failed me?

The fear only amplified over the first spectacular mile of trail, where we had to pick our way precariously over ice. But then we were out on the spine of a ridge that dropped precipitately to either side, and the ice was all melted away. Here, it wasn’t so much about looking at a view as being in the midst of one.

I wouldn’t want a creationist to misinterpret this, but I always find geology more or less unbelievable. Were those hundreds of square miles of limestone hundreds of feet deep truly made by trillions of marine creatures dying? Could a river really carve out a gash that deep? But before the construction of the Glen Canyon Dam, in a single day the Colorado River used to carry away 380,000 tons or more of silt, enough to fill a train 25 miles long. Each day. A river this size is indeed an efficient grinding tool. The scientist John Strong Newberry said that ‘nowhere on the earth’s surface, so far as we know, are the secrets of its structure revealed as here.’

‘I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed,’ J. B. Priestley once said of the Grand Canyon. ‘The same people will be disappointed at the Day of Judgment.’

I have to confess I was disappointed on my first visit to the canyon more than a decade ago. One July, on our way to Los Angeles, my family and I swung off the highway and made the 60-mile detour to the South Rim, and found ourselves caught in a long traffic jam. When we eventually managed to park, and walked to the rim, the scale of the sight off the edge was so great that it was hard to muster a response. It was so vast, and so familiar from innumerable pictures, it might just as well have been a picture. What impressed me most was the babel of languages audible among the files of visitors pouring off the tour buses. It sounded like Times Square on a Saturday night, with every continent represented in the hubbub.

We only stayed an hour or two. But before we left, from the rim I saw a trail, pale as chalk, winding down a huge slope beneath a cliff. There’s something about a trail seen from far away. This thread snaking over the landscape — where does it go, who uses it, why does it seem so intimate with the land? And why does it arouse such an intense longing to follow it? An unknown path seems almost necessarily a metaphor. We like to conceive of life as a thread, after all, a path crossing unexpected terrain on its journey to another element. There wasn’t time to follow it, and I left with a nagging sense of opportunity lost, and that pale thread of a path still pulling at me.

It wasn’t until last winter that I got to answer that pull. And the first thing I learned is that for the Grand Canyon, winter is the time to go. As the chief district ranger John Evans told me, ‘You’ll more or less have the place to yourself.’ Although the canyon is a desert, it’s a kind of oasis in winter — a place of peace, sequestered from the rest of the world. In three days of hiking I saw only two or three mule trains, each carrying baggage not riders, and maybe two dozen hikers in all.

Winter is cool, and cool is good for hiking. It’s true there’s snow on the trails, and long-molded tongues of ice pounded into enamel-like smoothness by the mules that go up and down with supplies, but that’s only on the highest reaches. Drop 2,000 feet from the rim and you’ll most likely be free of it. Sunlight becomes a blessing instead of a 120-degree curse, when you step out of the chilly shade into some welcome warmth.

To experience the canyon, you have to leave the rim. The frustration aroused by the bigness, the grandness, on a rim-only visit becomes a liberation once you drop down. The modern world falls away. It’s not just a trip out of the human realm, but into the deep geology of the earth. Layer upon layer of the planet’s crust is revealed. And in the silence and stillness, in the solitude of the canyon in winter, it’s all the more impressive.

As I prepared to go, and talked to friends about the coming trip, I was amazed how many people knew the inner canyon well. One acquaintance told me that he had spent 300 nights below the rim, falling just short of a lifetime’s ambition of a full year. In a grocery store in Santa Fe, where I live, I got talking with a Grand Canyon-crazy runner who hikes from rim to rim in a single day several times a year. A woman in a coffee shop line told me about the time a 10-pound falling rock nearly knocked her off a trail. I began to get the feeling the Grand Canyon is truly a national monument, similar to the Lake District in England. ‘Each man sees himself in the Grand Canyon,’ Carl Sandburg said. It’s something all Americans share and take pride in.

This was all very well, but the canyon is one mile deep, and the trail itself about 10 miles long, and that translates to a very arduous walk, especially for an 8-year-old. By some arcane family algebra, it was Saul, our younger son, who was due a trip with me.

After an impossibly smooth two-hour ride in the vintage coaches of the Grand Canyon Railway from the nearest major settlement south of the canyon, we checked in at Bright Angel Lodge near the canyon rim, to reconfirm our bookings for Phantom Ranch, down in the bottom. The woman behind the desk glanced at my young son and said: ‘I hope you’re planning to leave immediately, if not sooner.’

It was already 1 o’clock, and most hikers set off in the morning.

My heart dropped. Saul is strong, fit as an Olympic athlete, but still only 8. Was it crazy and cruel to ask him to walk down then up a whole mile of elevation? What if having got him down he hurt himself, or his feisty spirit gave out? And then there was my own bipedal apparatus. What if my own legs failed me?

The fear only amplified over the first spectacular mile of trail, where we had to pick our way precariously over ice. But then we were out on the spine of a ridge that dropped precipitately to either side, and the ice was all melted away. Here, it wasn’t so much about looking at a view as being in the midst of one.

I wouldn’t want a creationist to misinterpret this, but I always find geology more or less unbelievable. Were those hundreds of square miles of limestone hundreds of feet deep truly made by trillions of marine creatures dying? Could a river really carve out a gash that deep? But before the construction of the Glen Canyon Dam, in a single day the Colorado River used to carry away 380,000 tons or more of silt, enough to fill a train 25 miles long. Each day. A river this size is indeed an efficient grinding tool. The scientist John Strong Newberry said that ‘nowhere on the earth’s surface, so far as we know, are the secrets of its structure revealed as here.’

‘I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed,’ J. B. Priestley once said of the Grand Canyon. ‘The same people will be disappointed at the Day of Judgment.’

I have to confess I was disappointed on my first visit to the canyon more than a decade ago. One July, on our way to Los Angeles, my family and I swung off the highway and made the 60-mile detour to the South Rim, and found ourselves caught in a long traffic jam. When we eventually managed to park, and walked to the rim, the scale of the sight off the edge was so great that it was hard to muster a response. It was so vast, and so familiar from innumerable pictures, it might just as well have been a picture. What impressed me most was the babel of languages audible among the files of visitors pouring off the tour buses. It sounded like Times Square on a Saturday night, with every continent represented in the hubbub.

We only stayed an hour or two. But before we left, from the rim I saw a trail, pale as chalk, winding down a huge slope beneath a cliff. There’s something about a trail seen from far away. This thread snaking over the landscape — where does it go, who uses it, why does it seem so intimate with the land? And why does it arouse such an intense longing to follow it? An unknown path seems almost necessarily a metaphor. We like to conceive of life as a thread, after all, a path crossing unexpected terrain on its journey to another element. There wasn’t time to follow it, and I left with a nagging sense of opportunity lost, and that pale thread of a path still pulling at me.

It wasn’t until last winter that I got to answer that pull. And the first thing I learned is that for the Grand Canyon, winter is the time to go. As the chief district ranger John Evans told me, ‘You’ll more or less have the place to yourself.’ Although the canyon is a desert, it’s a kind of oasis in winter — a place of peace, sequestered from the rest of the world. In three days of hiking I saw only two or three mule trains, each carrying baggage not riders, and maybe two dozen hikers in all.

Winter is cool, and cool is good for hiking. It’s true there’s snow on the trails, and long-molded tongues of ice pounded into enamel-like smoothness by the mules that go up and down with supplies, but that’s only on the highest reaches. Drop 2,000 feet from the rim and you’ll most likely be free of it. Sunlight becomes a blessing instead of a 120-degree curse, when you step out of the chilly shade into some welcome warmth.

To experience the canyon, you have to leave the rim. The frustration aroused by the bigness, the grandness, on a rim-only visit becomes a liberation once you drop down. The modern world falls away. It’s not just a trip out of the human realm, but into the deep geology of the earth. Layer upon layer of the planet’s crust is revealed. And in the silence and stillness, in the solitude of the canyon in winter, it’s all the more impressive.

As I prepared to go, and talked to friends about the coming trip, I was amazed how many people knew the inner canyon well. One acquaintance told me that he had spent 300 nights below the rim, falling just short of a lifetime’s ambition of a full year. In a grocery store in Santa Fe, where I live, I got talking with a Grand Canyon-crazy runner who hikes from rim to rim in a single day several times a year. A woman in a coffee shop line told me about the time a 10-pound falling rock nearly knocked her off a trail. I began to get the feeling the Grand Canyon is truly a national monument, similar to the Lake District in England. ‘Each man sees himself in the Grand Canyon,’ Carl Sandburg said. It’s something all Americans share and take pride in.

This was all very well, but the canyon is one mile deep, and the trail itself about 10 miles long, and that translates to a very arduous walk, especially for an 8-year-old. By some arcane family algebra, it was Saul, our younger son, who was due a trip with me.

After an impossibly smooth two-hour ride in the vintage coaches of the Grand Canyon Railway from the nearest major settlement south of the canyon, we checked in at Bright Angel Lodge near the canyon rim, to reconfirm our bookings for Phantom Ranch, down in the bottom. The woman behind the desk glanced at my young son and said: ‘I hope you’re planning to leave immediately, if not sooner.’

It was already 1 o’clock, and most hikers set off in the morning.

My heart dropped. Saul is strong, fit as an Olympic athlete, but still only 8. Was it crazy and cruel to ask him to walk down then up a whole mile of elevation? What if having got him down he hurt himself, or his feisty spirit gave out? And then there was my own bipedal apparatus. What if my own legs failed me?

The fear only amplified over the first spectacular mile of trail, where we had to pick our way precariously over ice. But then we were out on the spine of a ridge that dropped precipitately to either side, and the ice was all melted away. Here, it wasn’t so much about looking at a view as being in the midst of one.

I wouldn’t want a creationist to misinterpret this, but I always find geology more or less unbelievable. Were those hundreds of square miles of limestone hundreds of feet deep truly made by trillions of marine creatures dying? Could a river really carve out a gash that deep? But before the construction of the Glen Canyon Dam, in a single day the Colorado River used to carry away 380,000 tons or more of silt, enough to fill a train 25 miles long. Each day. A river this size is indeed an efficient grinding tool. The scientist John Strong Newberry said that ‘nowhere on the earth’s surface, so far as we know, are the secrets of its structure revealed as here.’

‘I have heard rumors of visitors who were disappointed,’ J. B. Priestley once said of the Grand Canyon. ‘The same people will be disappointed at the Day of Judgment.’

I have to confess I was disappointed on my first visit to the canyon more than a decade ago. One July, on our way to Los Angeles, my family and I swung off the highway and made the 60-mile detour to the South Rim, and found ourselves caught in a long traffic jam. When we eventually managed to park, and walked to the rim, the scale of the sight off the edge was so great that it was hard to muster a response. It was so vast, and so familiar from innumerable pictures, it might just as well have been a picture. What impressed me most was the babel of languages audible among the files of visitors pouring off the tour buses. It sounded like Times Square on a Saturday night, with every continent represented in the hubbub.

We only stayed an hour or two. But before we left, from the rim I saw a trail, pale as chalk, winding down a huge slope beneath a cliff. There’s something about a trail seen from far away. This thread snaking over the landscape — where does it go, who uses it, why does it seem so intimate with the land? And why does it arouse such an intense longing to follow it? An unknown path seems almost necessarily a metaphor. We like to conceive of life as a thread, after all, a path crossing unexpected terrain on its journey to another element. There wasn’t time to follow it, and I left with a nagging sense of opportunity lost, and that pale thread of a path still pulling at me.

It wasn’t until last winter that I got to answer that pull. And the first thing I learned is that for the Grand Canyon, winter is the time to go. As the chief district ranger John Evans told me, ‘You’ll more or less have the place to yourself.’ Although the canyon is a desert, it’s a kind of oasis in winter — a place of peace, sequestered from the rest of the world. In three days of hiking I saw only two or three mule trains, each carrying baggage not riders, and maybe two dozen hikers in all.

Winter is cool, and cool is good for hiking. It’s true there’s snow on the trails, and long-molded tongues of ice pounded into enamel-like smoothness by the mules that go up and down with supplies, but that’s only on the highest reaches. Drop 2,000 feet from the rim and you’ll most likely be free of it. Sunlight becomes a blessing instead of a 120-degree curse, when you step out of the chilly shade into some welcome warmth.

To experience the canyon, you have to leave the rim. The frustration aroused by the bigness, the grandness, on a rim-only visit becomes a liberation once you drop down. The modern world falls away. It’s not just a trip out of the human realm, but into the deep geology of the earth. Layer upon layer of the planet’s crust is revealed. And in the silence and stillness, in the solitude of the canyon in winter, it’s all the more impressive.

As I prepared to go, and talked to friends about the coming trip, I was amazed how many people knew the inner canyon well. One acquaintance told me that he had spent 300 nights below the rim, falling just short of a lifetime’s ambition of a full year. In a grocery store in Santa Fe, where I live, I got talking with a Grand Canyon-crazy runner who hikes from rim to rim in a single day several times a year. A woman in a coffee shop line told me about the time a 10-pound falling rock nearly knocked her off a trail. I began to get the feeling the Grand Canyon is truly a national monument, similar to the Lake District in England. ‘Each man sees himself in the Grand Canyon,’ Carl Sandburg said. It’s something all Americans share and take pride in.

This was all very well, but the canyon is one mile deep, and the trail itself about 10 miles long, and that translates to a very arduous walk, especially for an 8-year-old. By some arcane family algebra, it was Saul, our younger son, who was due a trip with me.

After an impossibly smooth two-hour ride in the vintage coaches of the Grand Canyon Railway from the nearest major settlement south of the canyon, we checked in at Bright Angel Lodge near the canyon rim, to reconfirm our bookings for Phantom Ranch, down in the bottom. The woman behind the desk glanced at my young son and said: ‘I hope you’re planning to leave immediately, if not sooner.’

It was already 1 o’clock, and most hikers set off in the morning.

My heart dropped. Saul is strong, fit as an Olympic athlete, but still only 8. Was it crazy and cruel to ask him to walk down then up a whole mile of elevation? What if having got him down he hurt himself, or his feisty spirit gave out? And then there was my own bipedal apparatus. What if my own legs failed me?

The fear only amplified over the first spectacular mile of trail, where we had to pick our way precariously over ice. But then we were out on the spine of a ridge that dropped precipitately to either side, and the ice was all melted away. Here, it wasn’t so much about looking at a view as being in the midst of one.

I wouldn’t want a creationist to misinterpret this, but I always find geology more or less unbelievable. Were those hundreds of square miles of limestone hundreds of feet deep truly made by trillions of marine creatures dying? Could a river really carve out a gash that deep? But before the construction of the Glen Canyon Dam, in a single day the Colorado River used to carry away 380,000 tons or more of silt, enough to fill a train 25 miles long. Each day. A river this size is indeed an efficient grinding tool. The scientist John Strong Newberry said that ‘nowhere on the earth’s surface, so far as we know, are the secrets of its structure revealed as here.’

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово MAKE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

Things that Go Bump in the Night

It was quite late on a Friday night. Bill and Lora were having supper in their new house. They 19 _________ much notice when they heard some noise in the house next door.From the window they 20 _________ see figures in the front garden.Bill and Lora assumed that their neighbors 21 _________ some sort of party.‘That’s all right,’ said Ben. ‘That’s all right,’ said Ben. ‘Our neighbors 22 _________  big parties.’ ‘Our neighbors 23 _________ big parties.’ ‘Yes, I agree,’ answered his wife. ‘I’m sure they 24 _________ us long.’ Not long after, they heard the front door shut and the house went very quiet. Their neighbors arrived back home and discovered that some thieves 25 _________all their furniture and valuables from the house.

Homelessnes

I used to think that homelessness meant tramps 19 _____ (SLEEP) rough on the streets. However, recently my family and I 20 _____ (FORSE) to leave our rented flat because the owner wanted to live in it himself. We 21 _____ (APPLY) to the council for a flat immediately. That was six months ago and since then the four of us 22 _____ (LIVE) in one room in a hotel in to the council for a flat. Our name is still on a waiting list for a council flat.

If both of us had been working, we 23 _____ (CAN) another flat privately. However, my husband earns the minimum wage and I am not working at the moment because we’ve got two small children under the age of five.

Now that this 24 _____ (HAPPEN) to us, I realize that many other families are in a similar situation. It can be stressful living in such cramped conditions and tempers can sometimes flare. I am confident that soon the council 25 _____ (FIND) a flat for us. In the meantime, we try to make the best of the situation and keep smiling.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово FORSE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

However, recently my family and I 20 _____ (FORSE) to leave our rented flat because the owner wanted to live in it himself.

An honest answer

George Bernard Shaw was an outstanding British literary figure and a man with a good sense of humour. When he was still a young critic, he 19__________________ as a guest to a family party. When he entered the room, the daughter of the host 20__________________ the piano and her performance was no good. She said, “People say you are fond of music. Are you?” “I 21__________________ fond of music for a long time, but never mind, go on playing,” was Shaw’s answer.

E-books

People of the 21st century have to think about living green. A long time ago we 22__________________ that we should protect our forests. That is why today people try to avoid printing photos and keep 23__________________ all on computers. E-books are another example of people wishing not to waste paper. The 24__________________ e-book appeared in 1998 and attracted everybody’s attention immediately. Modern e-books are much 25__________________ for your eyes than they used to be in the past and are very affordable now.

When he entered the room, the daughter of the host __________________ the piano and her performance was no good. She said, “People say you are fond of music. Are you?”

Portuguese footballer Cristiano Ronaldo is a special man. What makes Ronaldo special is that he is football great who ……………………… the soccer world today.Only last Sunday, Ronaldo became the ……………………… Premier League player to be named the FIFA World Player of the Year.Ronaldo ……………………… a golden trophy and he expressed his joy, speaking to the audience.‘This is a special moment in my life. I ……………………… (even) about winning this award,’ said Ronaldo.However, it ……………………… that football players can demonstrate much more experience at controlling a game on the pitch than a powerful car on the road.Ten days ago, Ronaldo ruined his Ferrari in a tunnel near Manchester Airport while he ……………………… a race with Van der Sar. According to The Guardian, Ronaldo ……………………… his Ferrari for just two days before the accident.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово ONE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Gap year destination

 Many young adults who turn 18 take a year off to travel the world. A gap year, as it’s known, can be the 19______________MEMORABLE time in a young person’s life. Where do most young adults spend this time? It seems that the top spot is usually Thailand, where students can stay cheaply, have a wide variety of activities to take part in and spend loads of time 20____________RELAX on the beach. Because Thailand is so popular, it’s likely that young adults 21__________MEET other young adults while they’re there. It’s also an opportunity to experience another culture and learn a few words of a foreign language.

Bad day

Eugene wasn’t having a good day. First, while he was pouring coffee into his mug at home in the morning, his hand slipped and he accidentally 22_____________SPILL coffee all over the kitchen workshop. He went to wipe up the spill with a sponge and knocked the mug onto the floor, where it broke into several pieces. Upset and 23___________FRUSTRATE, he left home without having any coffee at all. At work, he ran into a colleague, literally, and nearly knocked her over. ‘I’m so sorry Michelle. Are you OK?’ he said quickly. She wasn’t amused and told him to watch where he 24______________GO. He 25_______________CAN NOT wait for the day to end, and just as it did, he realized he had a report to finish. ‘What a terrible day. I should have stayed in bed this morning! he said, as he prepared to stay late at work.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово MAKE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Homelessnes

I used to think that homelessness meant tramps 19 _____ (SLEEP) rough on the streets. However, recently my family and I 20 _____ (FORSE) to leave our rented flat because the owner wanted to live in it himself. We 21 _____ (APPLY) to the council for a flat immediately. That was six months ago and since then the four of us 22 _____ (LIVE) in one room in a hotel in to the council for a flat. Our name is still on a waiting list for a council flat.

If both of us had been working, we 23 _____ (CAN) another flat privately. However, my husband earns the minimum wage and I am not working at the moment because we’ve got two small children under the age of five.

Now that this 24 _____ (HAPPEN) to us, I realize that many other families are in a similar situation. It can be stressful living in such cramped conditions and tempers can sometimes flare. I am confident that soon the council 25 _____ (FIND) a flat for us. In the meantime, we try to make the best of the situation and keep smiling.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SLEEP так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

I used to think that homelessness meant tramps 19 _____ (SLEEP) rough on the streets.

Portuguese footballer Cristiano Ronaldo is a special man. What makes Ronaldo special is that he is football great who ……………………… the soccer world today.Only last Sunday, Ronaldo became the ……………………… Premier League player to be named the FIFA World Player of the Year.Ronaldo ……………………… a golden trophy and he expressed his joy, speaking to the audience.‘This is a special moment in my life. I ……………………… (even) about winning this award,’ said Ronaldo.However, it ……………………… that football players can demonstrate much more experience at controlling a game on the pitch than a powerful car on the road.Ten days ago, Ronaldo ruined his Ferrari in a tunnel near Manchester Airport while he ……………………… a race with Van der Sar. According to The Guardian, Ronaldo ……………………… his Ferrari for just two days before the accident.

In the past people ___ (ENJOY) watching TV or reading in their free time.Nowadays people are more interested in ___ (DO) activities which take them out of their homes.That’s why mountain biking ___ (BECOME) a very popular sport in recent years. It is one of the most rewarding ways to explore the countryside.Cyclists must pay attention to the type of path they are on. Some paths ___ (DESIGN) for people who are on foot.So if you cycle along these paths, you ___ (CAUSE) inconvenience to walkers. On any other path, you should still respect walkers.Another thing which everyone ___ (ASK) to do is closing gates behind you, so that farm animals cannot escape.If the weather is fine, you will enjoy a wonderful day out, especially if you ___ (NOT FORGET) to take some food and drinks with you.

Gap year destination

 Many young adults who turn 18 take a year off to travel the world. A gap year, as it’s known, can be the 19______________MEMORABLE time in a young person’s life. Where do most young adults spend this time? It seems that the top spot is usually Thailand, where students can stay cheaply, have a wide variety of activities to take part in and spend loads of time 20____________RELAX on the beach. Because Thailand is so popular, it’s likely that young adults 21__________MEET other young adults while they’re there. It’s also an opportunity to experience another culture and learn a few words of a foreign language.

Bad day

Eugene wasn’t having a good day. First, while he was pouring coffee into his mug at home in the morning, his hand slipped and he accidentally 22_____________SPILL coffee all over the kitchen workshop. He went to wipe up the spill with a sponge and knocked the mug onto the floor, where it broke into several pieces. Upset and 23___________FRUSTRATE, he left home without having any coffee at all. At work, he ran into a colleague, literally, and nearly knocked her over. ‘I’m so sorry Michelle. Are you OK?’ he said quickly. She wasn’t amused and told him to watch where he 24______________GO. He 25_______________CAN NOT wait for the day to end, and just as it did, he realized he had a report to finish. ‘What a terrible day. I should have stayed in bed this morning! he said, as he prepared to stay late at work.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BROWSE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово WAIT так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

An honest answer

George Bernard Shaw was an outstanding British literary figure and a man with a good sense of humour. When he was still a young critic, he 19__________________ as a guest to a family party. When he entered the room, the daughter of the host 20__________________ the piano and her performance was no good. She said, “People say you are fond of music. Are you?” “I 21__________________ fond of music for a long time, but never mind, go on playing,” was Shaw’s answer.

E-books

People of the 21st century have to think about living green. A long time ago we 22__________________ that we should protect our forests. That is why today people try to avoid printing photos and keep 23__________________ all on computers. E-books are another example of people wishing not to waste paper. The 24__________________ e-book appeared in 1998 and attracted everybody’s attention immediately. Modern e-books are much 25__________________ for your eyes than they used to be in the past and are very affordable now.

An honest answer

George Bernard Shaw was an outstanding British literary figure and a man with a good sense of humour. When he was still a young critic, he 19__________________ as a guest to a family party. When he entered the room, the daughter of the host 20__________________ the piano and her performance was no good. She said, “People say you are fond of music. Are you?” “I 21__________________ fond of music for a long time, but never mind, go on playing,” was Shaw’s answer.

E-books

People of the 21st century have to think about living green. A long time ago we 22__________________ that we should protect our forests. That is why today people try to avoid printing photos and keep 23__________________ all on computers. E-books are another example of people wishing not to waste paper. The 24__________________ e-book appeared in 1998 and attracted everybody’s attention immediately. Modern e-books are much 25__________________ for your eyes than they used to be in the past and are very affordable now.

When he entered the room, the daughter of the host __________________ the piano and her performance was no good. She said, “People say you are fond of music. Are you?”

In the past people ___ (ENJOY) watching TV or reading in their free time.Nowadays people are more interested in ___ (DO) activities which take them out of their homes.That’s why mountain biking ___ (BECOME) a very popular sport in recent years. It is one of the most rewarding ways to explore the countryside.Cyclists must pay attention to the type of path they are on. Some paths ___ (DESIGN) for people who are on foot.So if you cycle along these paths, you ___ (CAUSE) inconvenience to walkers. On any other path, you should still respect walkers.Another thing which everyone ___ (ASK) to do is closing gates behind you, so that farm animals cannot escape.If the weather is fine, you will enjoy a wonderful day out, especially if you ___ (NOT FORGET) to take some food and drinks with you.

In the past people ___ (ENJOY) watching TV or reading in their free time.Nowadays people are more interested in ___ (DO) activities which take them out of their homes.That’s why mountain biking ___ (BECOME) a very popular sport in recent years. It is one of the most rewarding ways to explore the countryside.Cyclists must pay attention to the type of path they are on. Some paths ___ (DESIGN) for people who are on foot.So if you cycle along these paths, you ___ (CAUSE) inconvenience to walkers. On any other path, you should still respect walkers.Another thing which everyone ___ (ASK) to do is closing gates behind you, so that farm animals cannot escape.If the weather is fine, you will enjoy a wonderful day out, especially if you ___ (NOT FORGET) to take some food and drinks with you.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово DO так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Nowadays people are more interested in _____ activities which take them out of their homes (DO)

Portuguese footballer Cristiano Ronaldo is a special man. What makes Ronaldo special is that he is football great who ……………………… the soccer world today.Only last Sunday, Ronaldo became the ……………………… Premier League player to be named the FIFA World Player of the Year.Ronaldo ……………………… a golden trophy and he expressed his joy, speaking to the audience.‘This is a special moment in my life. I ……………………… (even) about winning this award,’ said Ronaldo.However, it ……………………… that football players can demonstrate much more experience at controlling a game on the pitch than a powerful car on the road.Ten days ago, Ronaldo ruined his Ferrari in a tunnel near Manchester Airport while he ……………………… a race with Van der Sar. According to The Guardian, Ronaldo ……………………… his Ferrari for just two days before the accident.

Portuguese footballer Cristiano Ronaldo is a special man. What makes Ronaldo special is that he is football great who ……………………… the soccer world today.Only last Sunday, Ronaldo became the ……………………… Premier League player to be named the FIFA World Player of the Year.Ronaldo ……………………… a golden trophy and he expressed his joy, speaking to the audience.‘This is a special moment in my life. I ……………………… (even) about winning this award,’ said Ronaldo.However, it ……………………… that football players can demonstrate much more experience at controlling a game on the pitch than a powerful car on the road.Ten days ago, Ronaldo ruined his Ferrari in a tunnel near Manchester Airport while he ……………………… a race with Van der Sar. According to The Guardian, Ronaldo ……………………… his Ferrari for just two days before the accident.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово ONE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово MAKE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово ASK так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Homelessnes

I used to think that homelessness meant tramps 19 _____ (SLEEP) rough on the streets. However, recently my family and I 20 _____ (FORSE) to leave our rented flat because the owner wanted to live in it himself. We 21 _____ (APPLY) to the council for a flat immediately. That was six months ago and since then the four of us 22 _____ (LIVE) in one room in a hotel in to the council for a flat. Our name is still on a waiting list for a council flat.

If both of us had been working, we 23 _____ (CAN) another flat privately. However, my husband earns the minimum wage and I am not working at the moment because we’ve got two small children under the age of five.

Now that this 24 _____ (HAPPEN) to us, I realize that many other families are in a similar situation. It can be stressful living in such cramped conditions and tempers can sometimes flare. I am confident that soon the council 25 _____ (FIND) a flat for us. In the meantime, we try to make the best of the situation and keep smiling.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово FORSE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

However, recently my family and I 20 _____ (FORSE) to leave our rented flat because the owner wanted to live in it himself.

Shopping Malls

I think I may be allergic to shopping malls. I am not sure if my condition 19._________(RECORD) officially by medical science but I am sure there are others who suffer as I do.

All I have to do is walk inside one of 20._________(THIS) awful places and within minutes the artificial “day light” from a thousand “soft” lights begins to give me a headache.

Then there is the piped music which tunes in and out. 21._________(WALK) endlessly from shop to shop, my brain slowly turns into a large vegetable.

Christmas is in July and Valentines’ day is in October in these unreal labyrinths. A Christmas gift, 22._________(PAY) for in August seems wrong to me.

And surely no one can believe signs that promise the 23._________(BIG) sale ever virtually every day of the year.

Shopping should be exciting in 24._________(I) opinion with fresh sites and beautiful goods to buy. Instead it feels much closer to being in a strange parallel universe.

25._________(BAD) still is trying to leave. I can never find my way out to fresh air and daylight. I wonder if some poor souls remain trapped down there for weeks on end.

Things that Go Bump in the Night

It was quite late on a Friday night. Bill and Lora were having supper in their new house. They 19 _________ much notice when they heard some noise in the house next door.From the window they 20 _________ see figures in the front garden.Bill and Lora assumed that their neighbors 21 _________ some sort of party.‘That’s all right,’ said Ben. ‘That’s all right,’ said Ben. ‘Our neighbors 22 _________  big parties.’ ‘Our neighbors 23 _________ big parties.’ ‘Yes, I agree,’ answered his wife. ‘I’m sure they 24 _________ us long.’ Not long after, they heard the front door shut and the house went very quiet. Their neighbors arrived back home and discovered that some thieves 25 _________all their furniture and valuables from the house.

Shopping Malls

I think I may be allergic to shopping malls. I am not sure if my condition 19._________(RECORD) officially by medical science but I am sure there are others who suffer as I do.

All I have to do is walk inside one of 20._________(THIS) awful places and within minutes the artificial “day light” from a thousand “soft” lights begins to give me a headache.

Then there is the piped music which tunes in and out. 21._________(WALK) endlessly from shop to shop, my brain slowly turns into a large vegetable.

Christmas is in July and Valentines’ day is in October in these unreal labyrinths. A Christmas gift, 22._________(PAY) for in August seems wrong to me.

And surely no one can believe signs that promise the 23._________(BIG) sale ever virtually every day of the year.

Shopping should be exciting in 24._________(I) opinion with fresh sites and beautiful goods to buy. Instead it feels much closer to being in a strange parallel universe.

25._________(BAD) still is trying to leave. I can never find my way out to fresh air and daylight. I wonder if some poor souls remain trapped down there for weeks on end.

The Benefits of Cooking

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless. People who are pressed for time often eat out or order takeaway food. However, these choices may also be quite expensive and the ingredients they contain are typically high in fat, 20 _____ (MAKE) them extremely unhealthy. Home-cooked meals, on the other hand, offer many benefits. For one thing, you can control the ingredients and portions. You have a greater variety in your diet, which is essential in watching your weight and reducing the risks of a number of diseases. Cooking on a daily basis 21 _____ (NOT HAVE TO) be a laborious task. All it takes is a bit of planning, organisation and determination. Preparing your own meals might be a challenge, but it 22 _____ (NOT BE) certainly impossible. The key is 23 ______ (EXPERIMENT) and testing different kinds of food. After a while, you 24 _______ (CAN) confidently prepare a wide range of meals and enjoy yourself at the same time.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

While cooking is not very popular with people who have a hectic lifestyle, the benefits of preparing your own meals 19 _____ (BE) endless.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 30 _________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 31 _________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 32 _________  , air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 33 _________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 34 _________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 35 _________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 36 _________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 30 _________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 31 _________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 32 _________  , air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 33 _________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 34 _________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 35 _________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 36 _________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 30 _________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 31 _________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 32 _________  , air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 33 _________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 34 _________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 35 _________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 36 _________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 30 _________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 31 _________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 32 _________  , air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 33 _________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 34 _________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 35 _________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 36 _________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 30 _________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 31 _________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 32 _________  , air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 33 _________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 34 _________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 35 _________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 36 _________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 30 _________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 31 _________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 32 _________  , air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 33 _________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 34 _________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 35 _________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 36 _________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 30 _________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 31 _________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 32 _________  , air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 33 _________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

Much also depends 34 _________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 35 _________ to use all of the wind available.

This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 36 _________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.