Invention of potato chips егэ ответы

Прочитайте
приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте,
если необходимо, сло­ва, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк,
обозначенных номерами В4-В10,
так
чтобы они грамматически соответствовали
содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск
соответствует от­дельному заданию
из группы В4—В10.

Natural
Wonders: Meteor Crater

B4
Some
of the natural wonders are known for their beauty. The Meteor Crater
is not one of them. It looks like a big hole in the desert. It

by a meteorite hitting the earth thousands of

years
ago.

CAUSE

B5
The crater is 4,145 feet across, and 5 70 feet
deep. It is the

impact crater in the entire world.

LARGE

B6
When Europeans discovered it in 1871, they was the top of a
volcano.

it

THINK

B7

Since
then, scientists

the crater
for many years,

but
there are still many secrets and mysteries hiding inside it.

EXPLORE

It was simple

B8
One
day last summer my nine-year-old daughter went off to the camp.

All
her
things
in
a
small
bag.

PACK

©
2012 Федеральный институт педагогических
измерений. © 2012 Национальное образование.
Копирование, распространение и
использование без письменного разрешения
правообладателей не допускается

74

ЕГЭ-2012.
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ЯЗЫК:
ТИПОВЫЕ
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ВАРИАНТЫ

В9

Two
weeks later, Anna came back home and I unpacked her
things.

Everything was clean and well folded. «Camp sure
has changed you.

Your things look much than usual.»

GOOD

BIO

‘It
was simple, Mom,» she answered,

did
the same.»

I
didn’t
unpack. Many

CHILD

Прочитайте
приведенный ниже текст. Образуйте от
слов, напечатанных за­главными буквами
в конце строк, обозначенных номерами
В11-В16, однокорен-ные слова, так, чтобы
они грамматически и лексически
соответствовали со­держанию текста.
Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному
заданию из группы В11-В16,

Invention of Potato Chips

Bll

The
potato chip was invented in 1853 by George Crum who was a chef at a
restaurant in New York. Fried potatoes were popular at
the

restaurant
because they were rather , but one day

a
visitor complained that the slices were too thick.

EXPENSIVE

B12

Crum
made thinner slices, but the still dissatisfied.

customer
was

NERVE

B13
Crum
finally made fries that were too thin to eat with a fork, hoping

to
annoy the difficult customer.

EXTREME

B14
But
the customer was happy — and that was the of potato chips!

INVENT

B15

Ohio,
in 1895,

manufacturing
of potato chips began in Cleveland,

INDUSTRY

in
1926 when a wax

B16
The
chips gained even more

paper
potato chip bag was invented that helped to keep them fresh and

crisp. POPULAR

©
2012 Федеральный институт педагогических
измерений. © 2012 Национальное образование.
Копирование, распространение и
использование без письменного разрешения
правообладателей не допускается

ВАРИАНТ
7

75

Прочитайте
текст с пропусками, обозначенными
номерами А22-А28. Эти но­мера соответствуют
заданиям А22-А28, в которых представлены
возможные варианты ответов. Обведите
номер
выбранного
вами
варианта
ответа.

Helping
Mother

‘Liz!
Remember to clean up the basement, ok?» Mrs. Parker called out.
Liz, who

.
«All right, mom,» she

A22

was
still lying in bed, sighed heavily and

answered flatly,
dragging herself out of bed. She got changed and headed
downstairs

for breakfast. As usual, the whole family was
already seated at the dining table. Liz

greeted everyone and
sat at a A23
seat
next to her elder brother Evan. «Pass

me
the butter,
bro,»
she said. «Sure,» Evan replied and passed it to her.
«Thanks,»

Liz said, and I A24

a thin layer of it onto her toast. Mrs. Parker placed an

arm
onto her daughter’s shoulder. «Honey, I know it’s going to be a
tiring day for you, and I’d like your brother to help too. But he’s
got to
head
back to school for a day-long band practice.» Liz sat still and
didn’t utter a A25
^^^^ word. She was

mad
that Evan had band practice and did not need to help in the |
A26 | chores.

A27

«I
know what you’re thinking, Liz. But honey, we really need your help.
Dad’s away

trip, you know, his boss has sent him. Evan’s
busy with band

on
a

practices,
and I’ve got to help your grandma. You know, her health’s been poor
these

days-» «Ok, ok. Enough of it, mom. I’ll clean
up the basement,» Liz said. Sometimes

she wished her
mother wouldn’t explain the reasons to her. Anyway, she thought
to

herself, it’ll be good to | A28J the basement a little.
She hadn’t stepped into

it
since they moved in here a couple of months ago. «Who knows
something interesting will pop out of nowhere,» she grinned.

А22

1)
waved

A23
1) clear

A24
1)
spread

A25
1) separate

A26
1)
housework

A27|
1) working

A28
1) discover

2) nodded

2) unfilled

2) extended

2) single

2) homework

2) official

2) research

3)
bowed 3) blank 3) divided 3) only 3) household 3) company 3) explore

4) bent

4) vacant

4) covered

4) sole

4) housekeeping

4) business

4) analyze

По
окончании выполнения заданий В4-В16,
А22-А28
НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕ­СТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ
В БЛАНК
ОТВЕТОВ МП
ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания
В4-В16,
А22-А28
располагаются в разных частях бланка.
При переносе ответов в заданиях В4—В16
буквы
записываются без пробелов и знаков
препинания.

©
2012 Федеральный институт педагогических
измерений. © 2012 Национальное образование.
Копирование, распространение и
использование без письменного разрешения
правообладателей не допускается

76 ЕГЭ-2012.
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Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. I’m afraid of becoming overweight.
2. I want a stable financial position.
3. I might get held at gunpoint.
4. I’m concerned about my parents.

1. I want to stay fit for years to come.
2. I feel upset by my friend’s problems.
3. I’m anxious to get a decent job.

Говорящий	A	В	С	D	E	F
Утверждение

1. Вы услышите разговор подруг. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений 1-7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

1. Carter wants to discuss with Holly professor Label’s lectures.

1) True        2) False        3) Not stated

2. Holly is ready to give her notes to Carter till tomorrow.
1) True        2) False                          3) Not stated

3. Carter is too tired during the morning classes.
1) True        2) False                          3) Not stated

4. Carter failed his last exam.
1) True        2) False                          3) Not stated

5. Holly and Carter are going to meet in the library later
1) True        2) False                          3) Not stated

6. Holly and Carter like Professor Label’s slides.
1) True        2) False                          3) Not stated

7. Holly and Carter are going to have some ice cream in the evening.

1) True        2) False                          3) Not stated

1. Вы услышите рассказ студента. В заданиях 8-14 обведите цифру 1, 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите дважды.

8    Fred describes the outgoing year as the one which

1. brought him new financial problems.
2. seriously changed his whole life.
3. marked the end of his construction business.

9    Fred worked with the children who

1. lacked some physical ability.
2. attended a weekend school.
3. had to stay in a hospital.

10    When dealing with the children Fred was instructed to

1. be aware of their depression.
2. try to avoid getting them excited.
3. behave in the usual way.

ll    The new experience helped Fred to become more

1. persistant.
2. determined in doing what he wanted.
3. patient.

12    Fred says that before becoming a father he was particularly good at

1. loosing the time.
2. spending the leisure hours.
3. entertaining his friends.

13    The parenthood made Fred

1. pay more attention to sports activities.
2. spend less time at work.
3. more responsible.

14    Fred mentions as his special father’s talent the ability

1. to understand his wife.
2. for a sound sleep.
3. to calm down a crying child.

Раздел 2. Чтение

1. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Controlling skies
2. Lack of safety
3. Bicycle is faster
4. Office at home

1. Blocked roads
2. Paid roads
3. Improving railways
4. Buses instead of cars

A.        The world’s first public passenger railway was built in Great Britain in 1826 and
ran between the industrial north-eastern towns of Stockton and Darlington. After
180 years’ experience the British say that their trains still don’t seem to run
efficiently or even safely. On average, about 500 accidents with broken rail tracks
happen in the country every year.

B.        The British government is promising to give £33.5 billion to modernise the
railways before 2010. Another £30 billion is to come from the private sector. The
main target is to increase safety and speed. For example, new London-to-Scotland
high-speed trains significantly reduce journey times and in 2004 a warning system
was installed throughout the country.

C.        Statistics show that only 12% of all journeys made in Britain are by public
transport. The remaining 88% are made by car. Every year British people spend
about two weeks travelling to and from work including nine days in their own
cars. But anyone will say this isn’t a quick and easy way to travel. In fact, a
journey from London to Manchester frequently takes seven hours. A cyclist could
get there quicker.

D.        Every year there are about half a million traffic jams in Britain. That is nearly
10,000 a week. There are hundreds of big traffic jams every day. According to
the forecast, the number of jams will grow by 20 per cent over the next ten years.
Nearly a quarter British people find themselves in a jam every day and 55 per
cent at least once a week.

E.        Nowadays many British people take their children to school by car. Twenty years
ago, nearly one in three primary school children made their own way to school.
Now only one child in nine makes their own way. During the school year at 08:50
a.m. one car in five on the roads in any British town is taking children to school.
The solution could be special school buses widely used in the USA.

F.        Many scientists hope that new technologies allowing more people to work at home
may help with traffic problems. Fewer people will work from 9 to 5 and travel to
and from work during the rush hour. But only 15% of people now want to spend
more time working at home. The workplace is, for many people, a place to meet
other people and to talk to them, so they would miss it if they worked from home.

G. In 1903, the Wright brothers made the first aeroplane flight. It only lasted 12 seconds but changed the world forever. A century later, air travel is no longer a miracle, it is part of everyday life. One billion air passengers now fly every year — that’s equivalent to a sixth of the world’s population. To make sure everything runs smoothly, there are special air traffic control centres in each country which watch every aeroplane.

A	В	С	D	E	F	G

1. Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания 1-6.В каждом задании обведите букву a, b, c или d, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

Cry-Baby

It was almost midnight before they got around to giving the Oscars to the really well-known personalities. At first a series of guest stars had awarded the prizes: to the best designer, to the best special-effects man, for the best technical invention for motion pictures during the year, and to all the other people, so unknown outside the industry, but so significant within it.

I looked around the theatre, recognizing most of the weighty faces in the business, but not caring much. You see, I was pretty nervous. Myra Caldwell, whom I had brought to the ceremony, was sitting there beside me, and right across the aisle was Joan Weyland. Now, to get the picture properly, you have to remember that during that particular year Myra had played the sensational supporting role in The Devil Loses and had been called the greatest find in the history of pictures. But that was the same year that Joan Weyland had stolen a big picture called Calumet Centre right out from under the nose of one of the most famous female stars in the industry. The only other actress nominated was not given much chance. Now in a few minutes, they were going to announce who had won the Oscar for the Best Supporting Actress of the year. It was the hottest Contest and everybody was aware of it. Furthermore, it was no secret that the two leading contestants would be delighted to boil each other in oil — win, lose, or draw. And here they were across the aisle from each other. Do you get why I was nervous?

Then the lights went down. They were going to run short scenes from the pictures for which the actors and actresses had been nominated. The supporting-actress pictures were coming on, and here was Joan Weyland in her grand scene from Calumet Centre. The audience started to applaud as soon as they saw her.

After that they ran a short episode from Whirlwind, showing the other nominee, a refugee actress called Tanya Braden. I had never seen the picture of the actress, and the picture hadn’t made much money, but there was no doubt she could act! She played the star’s mother and she made you believe it.

Then they ran Myra’s big moment in The Devil Loses. After it was over, I tried to guess who had the biggest chance.

«I think I won,» Myra said to me.

The lights went up. The old actor, who had won the Supporting Actor award the year before, came through the curtains and prepared to present the award. I didn’t see how I was going to live through the next few minutes. He got the envelope and began opening it very slowly.

He was loving every second of it, the old man. Then he looked at the little piece of paper.

«The Winner,» he said, then paused again, «is Miss Tanya Braden, for her performance in Whirlwind.»

Well, I’m not too sure about the sequence of events that followed. I don’t reme: the applause, because Joan let out a loud cry from across the aisle that drownec everything else. Then Myra started to cry. I don’t mean cry like the ordinary pei but I mean cry so that the building shook.

Then Joan jumped to her feet and started out, and her mother accompanied But I couldn’t do anything with Myra. The show was interrupted and the v theatre was staring at her. I picked her up and carried her out.

It wasn’t a very pleasant performance, but I think there is some excuse. Afte: Joan is 8 years old, and Myra is only 6, and she isn’t used to being up so late, a little on her side anyway. And why not? I’m her father.

1.    At the beginning of the Oscar ceremony prizes were awarded

1. to the most famous stars among the winners.
2. to the best director.
3. for the best film.
4. to the secondary members of shooting crews.

2.     Joan Weyland and Myra Caldwell were present at the ceremony because they

1. had both played in one film which had an Oscar nomination.
2. had been nominated as two of the Best Supporting Actresses of the year.
3. wanted to see the well-known personalities of the film industry.
4. accompanied the nominees.

3.     The phrase Myra «had been called the greatest find in the history of pictures» n that

1. she found the best way to perform her role.
2. she was awarded with a prize for the best performance in the history of cine
3. her debut was called very successful.
4. she revealed sensational facts in the film «The Devil Loses».

4.    «Calumet Centre» was

1. a picture by some popular artist.
2. a film in which a famous actor starred.
3. a picture painted by a famous female star.
4. a film in which Joan was given a role instead of a famous actress.

1.     The narrator describes the relations between Joan and Myra as

1. friendship.
2. rivalry.
3. sympathy.
4. partnership.

1.   The narrator liked the performance of the third nominee, Tanya Braden, becaux

1. played her part very convincingly.
2. was very beautiful.
3. was a well-known actress.
4. played as a partner of a world-famous star.

Раздел3. Грамматика и лексика.

1.  Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 1-7. Эти, номера соответствуют заданиям 1-7, в которых представлены возмог варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Father Feels Starved

In the summers, when we went to the country, we usually hired a temporary to go with us, so that Margaret could stay in town. We hated to leave her, but the idea was that somebody must stay to (1) _________ care of the house.

But this didn’t work well. No matter how few the substitute’s faults were, Father had no patience with them. One summer, I remember, there was a nice woman Delia who got on well with Mother because she was so obliging and pleasant, but who didn’t (2) _________ Father at all. «I don’t give a damn how obliging she is,» he (3) _________ to say. «If she won’t oblige me by cooking something fit to eat, she can go.»

This didn’t sound unreasonable, but to (4) _________ the truth, Delia cooked well enough for the rest of us. Mother tried to ((5) ___________ no attention to Father’s

grumbling. At breakfast Father would put down his coffee cup in disgust and roar: «Does she call this confounded mess coffee? Take it away!» And while Mother and Delia were frantically making a fresh pot, he would eat all of his omelet and bacon, and then declare that he was starved.

The longer Delia stayed with us, the more alarmed Father became. He ate heartily, but he said he didn’t feel nourished. At last Mother had to (6) _______

that it was impossible to go on like this. «This is Delia’s last night. I do hope you will like Tobo they say, he is a very good cook.»

The next night, Father found out, that the first dish was too Oriental and the meat underdone. So Mother sent for Margaret. She knew she could always depend (7) _______ Margaret.

1)        help

1)        agree

1)        held

1)        speak

1) pay

1) dremt

2)make 2) suit

2) kept 2) talk

2) draw 2)adopt

3) give

3) fit

3) used

3) say

3) bring 3)decide

4) take

4) match

4) took

4) tell

4) turn

4) promise

1) in                     2) on                  3) at                     4) of

1. Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 8-12, так чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 8-12.

The Climate of Russia

Russia has a varied climate. Almost all of Russia _____________ in the North Temperature Zone.	SITUATE
The climate is continental; however, the fluctuations in temperature are          than in other European countries.	GREAT
The extreme north is a cold bare region — the tundra. For more than six months it ___________________in snow.	BURY
This region can be called the land of ____________ rivers.	FREEZE
In May the temperature begins to rise.  The gloomy nights is succeeded by continuous daylight, when the sun ___________ below the horizon for several month.	NOT SINK

1. Прочитайте  приведенный  ниже  текст. Образуйте от  слов,  напечатаннъ заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 13-17, однокорень слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали сс жанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый прот соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 13—17.

Tourism in Australia

The growth of tourism infrastructure related to the base of Ayer Rock, or Uluru began in the 1950s. Soon it started to produce adverse          impacts.	ENVIRONMENT
It was decided in the early 1970s to remove all                   accommodation-related tourist facilities and re-establish them    outside the park. In 1975, a ________________of 104 square   kilometres of land beyond the park’s northern boundary was chosen as the site for a new resort.	RESERVE
The camp ground within the park was closed in 1983 and the motels closed in late 1984, coinciding with the opening of the luxurious resort. In 1992, the majority interest in the Yulara resort held by the Northern Territory was sold and the resort was renamed Ayers Rock Resort.	GOVERN
Since listing the park as a World Heritage Site, the annual number of__________________ rose to over 400,000 people by the year 2000.	VISIT
A year or two later, the ___________________of a tourist facility and an associated airport, to be known as Yulara started.	DEVELOP

1. Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 18-24. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 18-24, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Mausoleum of Mausolus

The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) was a tomb built in 350 ВС for king Mausolus and Artemisia, his wife.

In 377 ВС, Halicarnassus was the capital of a small regional kingdom on the coat of Anatolia. In that year the ruler of the region diedand left the kingdom to his son, Mausolus. Before his death the father king (18)___________ control of several of the neighboring cities and districts. Mausolus (19) ____________ the territory of the kingdom as far as the southwest coast of Anatolia. Mausolus and Artemisia ruled from their capital over the surrounding territory(20)__________ twenty-four years. Mausolus, although he was descended from local people, spoke Greek and (21)__________ the Greek way of life and government.

   He founded many cities of Greek design along the coas and (22)_________ Greek democratic traditions.

     Mausolus decided to build a new capital, a city as safe from capture as magnificent to be seen. He chose the city of Halicarnassus. Mausolus and Artemisia spent huge (23)__________ of tax money to embellish the city. They commissioned statues, temples and buildings of gleaming marble. In the center of the city Mausolus planned to place a resting place for his body after his death. It would be a tomb that would forever show how rich he and his queen were.

In 353 ВС Mausolus died, leaving Artemisia broken-hearted. As a tribute to him, she decided to build him the most splendid tomb, a structure so famous that it became one of the Seven Wonders of the (24)___________Word.

18	captured	took	achieved	required
19	extended	lengthened	prolonged	doubled
20	by	in	with	for
21	worshiped	admired	beloved	fancied
22	insisted	suggested	encouraged	persuaded
23	amounts	numbers	quantities	figures
24	Archaic	Prehistoric	Antique	Ancient

1. Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных главными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25-30, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—30.

Invention of Potato Chips

The potato chip was invented in 1853 by George Crum who was a chef at a restaurant in New York. Fried potatoes were popular at the restaurant because they were rather___________________, but one day a visitor complained that the slices were too thick.	EXPENSIVE
Crum made thinner slices, but the ____________________ customer was still dissatisfied.	NERVE
Crum finally made fries that were too thin to eat with a fork, hoping to annoy the          difficult customer.	EXTREME
But the customer was happy – and hat was the_________________ of potato chips!	INVENT
manufacturing of potato chips began in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1895.	INDUSTRY
The chips gained even more ___________________ in 1926 when a wax paper potato chip bag was invented that helped to keep them fresh and crisp.	POPULAR

        Раздел 4. Письмо

Обратите внимание на необходимость соблюдения указанного объема текста. Тексты недостаточного объема, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объем — не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (1, 2), а затем ответ на него.

1.  Вы получили письмо от своего друга по переписке Тома, который пишет:

… In our city we have an annual competition for teenagers who make their own short films. This year I got the second prize for a film about my grandparents. Do you think it’s important to record family history? Who do you think should do it? How can it be done best?

This month is my mom’s birthday and now I am thinking about a gift for her. I want it to be very special…

Write a letter to Tom. In your letter

• answer his questions
• ask 3 questions about his mom

Write 100 — 140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

1. Прокомментируйте следующее заявление.

Some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Write 200 — 250 words.

Use the following plan:

• make an introduction (state the problem)
• express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion
• express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opir
• explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
• make a conclusion restating your position

Keys

        Раздел 1. Аудирование.

1. 2 4 7 1 3 5
2. 2 2 1 3 1 2 3
3. 2 1 3 3 1 3 2

Раздел 2. Чтение.

1. 2 7 3 5 8 4 1
2. 4 2 3 4 2 1 3

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика.

1. 3 4 1 2 1 4 3
2. issituated

greater

isburied

frozen

doesn’t sink

1. blowing

further

environment

reservation

development

visitors

1. 2 1 4 2 3 1 4
2. inexpensive

nervous

extremely

invention

industrial

popularity.

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TEST 6
1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды.

  1. For some people, old habits never die.

2. Sometimes it is a mistake to write a letter.

3. Writing letters in English is good practice.

4. Letter writing is a waste of time.

5. It is a waste of time making your views known.

6. Persistence eventually gives some results.

7. Seven together will be better than one.

Говорящий	A	B	C	D	E	F
Утверждение

2.  Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

  A) Tom is unhappy about the Danish people being unfriendly.

B) Jack thinks that the character can be explained by the climate.

C) Tom believes that it’s only in Denmark that you can be insulted in public places.

D) Jack thinks that we should respect the rules of other cultures.

E) Tom wants to return to Denmark.

F) Jack claims that public transport in Denmark leaves much to be desired.

G) Tom comes from Denmark but lives in the USA.

 Запишите в ответ цифры, расположив их в порядке, соответствующем буквам:

A	B	C	D	E	F	G

Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
 3.  Bad behaviour towards other people is considered bullying if it

1) is physically hurtful.

2) happens more than once.

3) takes place at school.

4.  The only good thing about face-to-face bullying is that it

  1) can be noticed and dealt with.

2) is not as harmful as indirect bullying.

3) is less common than other forms of bullying.

5.  Which of the following is typical of indirect bullying?

  1) Kicking or punching the victim.

2) Saying hurtful things to the victim.

3) Talking behind the victim’s back.

6.  Which of the following traits of character is NOT characteristic of cyberbullies?

  1) сourage

2) сleverness

3) сruelty

7.  According to Bruce, bullies use modern technology to

  1) find new victims for bullying.

2) learn about the consequences of bullying.

3) avoid punishment for bullying.

8.  Victims of bullying CANNOT be described as

  1) confident.

2) quiet.

3) excluded.

9.  A victim of bullying may show one of the following signs

  1) becoming openly violent.

2) showing lack of appetite.

3) becoming more talkative.

10.  Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

 1. Education: the Way to the Top

2. From Agony to Love

3. Teaching to Learn

4. Learning That Never Stops

5. Things Worth Learning

6. The Right Word Can Bring Changes

7. What My Father Taught Me

8. The Power of Numbers

 A. Education has the power to transform a person’s life. I am the living example of this. When I was on the streets, I thought I was not good at anything but I wrote a poem, and it got published. I went back to school to learn. I have learned the benefit of research and reading, of debate and listening. One day soon a group of fresh-faced college students will call me professor.

 B. Language has the capacity to change the world and the way we live in it. People are often afraid to call things by their direct names, use taboos not to notice dangerous tendencies. Freedom begins with naming things. This has to happen in spite of political climates, careers being won or lost, and the fear of being criticized. After Helen Caldicott used the word ‘nuclear arms race’ an anti-nuclear movement appeared.

 C. I never wanted to be a teacher. Yet years later, I find myself teaching high school English. I consider my job to be one of the most important aspects of my life, still I do not teach for the love of teaching. I am a teacher because I love to learn, and I have come to realize that the best way to learn is to teach.

 D. One day my sister and I got one and the same homework. My sister finished the task in 2 minutes and went off to play. But I could not do it, so I went into my sister’s room and quickly copied her work. But there was one small problem: my father caught me. He didn’t punish me, but explained that cheating makes people feel helpless. And then I was left feeling guilty for cheating.

 E. Lifelong learning does not mean spending all my time reading. It is equally important to get the habit of asking such questions as ‘what don’t I know about this topic, or subject?’, ‘what can I learn from this moment or person?’, and ‘what more do I need to learn?’ regardless of where I am, who I am talking to, or what I am doing.

 F. Math has always been something that I am good at. Mathematics attracts me because of its stability. It has logic; it is dependable and never changes. There might be some additions to the area of mathematics, but once mathematics is created, it is set in stone. We would not be able to check emails or play videogames without the computer solving complex algorithms.

 G. When my high school English teacher asked us to read Shakespeare, I thought it was boring and too difficult. I agonized over the syntax — I had never read anything like this. But now I am a Shakespeare professor, and enjoy teaching Hamlet every semester. Each time I re-read the play, I find and learn something new for myself.

Текст	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
Заголовок

11.  Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

 If you eat very quickly, it may be enough to increase your risk of being overweight, research suggests.

Osaka University scientists looked at the eating habits of 3,000 people. Just about half of them told researchers that they A ______ . Compared with those who did not eat quickly, fast-eating men were 84% more likely to be overweight, and women were 100% more likely to В ______ .

Japanese scientists said that there were a number of reasons why eating fast С ______ . They said it could prevent the work of a signalling system which tells your brain to stop eating because your stomach is full. They said: ‘If you eat quickly you basically fill your stomach before the system has a chance to react, so you D _____ .

The researchers also explained that a mechanism that helps make us fat today, developed with evolution and helped people get more food in the periods when they were short of it. The scientists added that the habit of eating fast could be received from one’s parents genes or E ______ .

They said that, if possible, children should be taught to F ______ , and allowed to stop when they felt full up at mealtimes. ‘The advice of our grandmothers about chewing everything 20 times might be true — if you take a bit more time eating, it could have a positive influence on your weight.

 1. just overfill your stomach

2. could be bad for your weight

3. have a habit of eating quickly

4. linked to obesity

5. eat as slowly as possible

6. put on weight

7. learned at a very early age

Пропуск	A	B	C	D	E	F
Часть предложения

The Difference Engine: No more addresses

 REMEMBER the panic over the «millennium bug», when computers everywhere were expected to go haywire on January 1st, 2000, thanks to the way a lot of old software used just two digits to represent the year instead of four? Doomsters predicted all sorts of errors in calculations involving dates when the clocks rolled over from 99 to 00. In the event, the millennium dawned without incident. That may have been because of the draconian preparations undertaken beforehand. Or perhaps, as many suspected, the problem was grossly exaggerated in the first place, as it often happens. Certainly, the computer industry made a packet out of all the panic-buying of new hardware and software in the months leading up to the new millennium. And who would blame them for this? Business is business.

 Well, something similar is about to happen in the months ahead. This time, the issue concerns the exhaustion of Internet addresses — those four numbers ranging from 0 to 255 separated by dots that uniquely identify every device attached to the Internet. According to Hurricane Electric, an Internet backbone and services provider based in Fremont, California, the Internet will run out of bulk IP addresses sometime next week — given the rate addresses are currently being gobbled up.

 The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) will then have doled out all its so-called «slash-eight» blocks of addresses to the five regional Internet registries around the world. In turn, the registries are expected to have allocated all their remaining addresses to local network operators by October at the latest. After that, any organization applying for new addresses will be told, «Sorry, none left».

 The issue is real and has been a long time in the making. The Economist first warned about it ten years ago. The problem concerns the address space of the existing version of the Internet protocol (IPv4), which is only 32 bits wide. The total number of binary addresses possible with such an arrangement is 4.3 billion. Back in the 1980s, when the Internet connected just a couple of dozen research institutes in America, that seemed like a huge number. Besides, the Internet was thought at the time to be just a temporary network anyway.

 But with the invention of the Web in 1990 came an explosion in popular demand. It was soon clear that it was only a matter of time before the Internet would exhaust its supply of addresses. Work on a replacement for IPv4 began in the early 1990s, with IPv6 finally being made available around 1998. By giving the new internet version an address space of 128 bits, the designers pretty well guaranteed that it would not run out of unique identifiers for decades, or even centuries, to come.

 Two raised to the 128th power is an astronomical number. That will come in handy when the «Internet of things» becomes a reality. Already, some two billion people have access to the Internet. Add all the televisions, phones, cars and household appliances that are currently being given Internet access — plus, eventually, every book, pill case and item of inventory as well — and a world or two of addresses could easily be accounted for. And yet, the solution of any problem begins with its verbalization. We are forewarned and it means — forearmed.
12.  The fears of the users about the «millennium bug» were …

  1) overestimated.

2) suppressed.

3) unrealistic.

4) justified.

13.  Which of the following was NOT the reason why the «millennium bug» didn’t work?

  1) The problem never existed.

2) The new hardware had been installed.

3) The manufacturers had improved software.

4) The users took necessary precautions.

14. The number of available IP addresses is limited by …

  1) the number of computers connected to the Internet.

2) the number of organizations applying.

3) address space of the Internet protocol.

4) the Internet protocol version.

15.  The solution of the problem with the lack of IP addresses is to …

  1) add a temporary network.

2) speed up research.

3) improve the current Internet protocol.

4) restrict the number of users.

16.  The existing version of the protocol was believed appropriate because …

  1) the addresses were not permanent.

2) another network was being developed.

3) the net was not popular.

4) no one expected the demand to grow.

17.  The phrase «Internet of things» refers to …

  1) personal computers of the users.

2) things ordered through the Internet.

3) a new network replacing the current Internet.

4) appliances with access to the Web.

18.  Speaking of the future of the world-wide web, the author appears to be

  1) overexcited.

2) hopeful.

3) pessimistic.

4) doubtful.
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слова так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Mount Everest
19	Mount Everest is 8,863 meters above sea level. It is part of the Himalayan range in South Asia. Despite its awesome height, the mountain _________ many times.	CLIMB
20	Sir Edmund Hillary and his guide, Tenzing Norgay, were the _________ to climb the mountain, reaching the summit on May 29, 1953.	ONE
21	Mount Everest attracts well-experienced mountaineers as well as novice climbers, quite a few _________ among them.	WOMAN
The Office
22	Martha works in an office. Her job is to hire new people. The more work the new members of staff carry out, the higher their pay. Martha wishes her job _________ as highly paid as some of the other employees’.	BE
23	She _________having an assistant, either.	NOT MIND
24	An assistant _________ share some of her responsibilities.	CAN
25	But she knows that the load of work is _________ and nobody is going to help her.	SHE

Invention of Potato Chips

26	The potato chip was invented in 1853 by George Crum who was a chef at a restaurant in New York. Fried potatoes were popular at the restaurant because they were rather ______ , but one day a visitor complained that the slices were too thick.	EXPENSIVE
27	Crum made thinner slices, but the ______ customer was still dissatisfied.	NERVE
28	Crum finally made fries that were too thin to eat with a fork, hoping to annoy the ______ difficult customer.	EXTREME
29	But the customer was happy — and that was the ______ of potato chips!	INVENT
30	______ manufacturing of potato chips began in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1895.	INDUSTRY
31	The chips gained even more ______ in 1926 when a wax paper potato chip bag was invented that helped to keep them fresh and crisp.	POPULAR

The Chameleon Stone

That morning Tanon, a young farmer’s boy, discovered a strange stone in the cattle shed. It felt cold 32 ______the touch. Well, not exactly cold, more cool and smooth. It was fashioned like no other stone that Tanon had ever seen. He was fascinated by it and it 33 ______ his gaze like a venomous snake did its prey, just before making its lethal strike. Yet there was no strike – just the beautiful curves of this most precious of objects. At least, Tanon presumed it was precious, but now he had a decision to 34 ______. Should he take it immediately to his master or could he hold 35 ______ to its smoothness for just a little longer? A clap of thunder broke his daydream and he turned his gaze heavenwards. Dark clouds were forming 36 ______ smoke billowing from an open fire and Tanon knew he had not much time before the rain came. He had to get the cattle inside before the full force of the storm came to bear down on the farm. 37 ______ as he was standing up, his prize started to change. Swirling mists and patterns drifted over its outer layer and a pale pulsing light seemed to throb from its core. Tanon 38 ______ in wonder – was this some sort of magical object?

The chips gained even more ______ in 1926 when a wax paper potato chip bag was invented that helped to keep them fresh and crisp.

32.  1) for 2) to 3) on 4) from

33.  1) held 2) kept 3) took 4) grabbed

34.  1) do 2) make 3) have 4) get

35.  1) over 2) on 3) in 4) out

36.  1) as 2) as if 3) like 4) alike

37.  1) only 2) quite 3) almost 4) just

38.  1) viewed 2) stared 3) glimpsed 4) saw