Pluses and minuses егэ ответы

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. I wish I had more to remember about school.
2. I was able to learn a lot while studying at school.
3. Now I regret not doing well enough at school.
4. School has much to offer besides lessons.
5. There are pluses and minuses about any school.
6. You can be the school’s pride without high grades.
7. School can’t offer anything to remember it by.

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

1. Jim has a regular job with Greenpeace.
2. Jim says that people made the shore dirty while having fun.
3. There were boys only in Jim’s team.
4. Lisa doesn’t know how to become a volunteer.
5. Jim joined Greenpeace because of his interests.
6. You have to be older than 14 to become a volunteer.
7. Lisa will wait till she’s 15 to contact a volunteer organization.

Вы услышите интервью. В задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Which of the following is TRUE about the beginning of Sandra’s career?

1. Her first film was a major success.
2. She started with several sitcoms.
3. She thinks her roles were very good.

Вы услышите интервью. В задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

What does Sandra say about her role in the film ‘Winter’?

1. She was nominated for Oscar for it.
2. She had to play a complicated personage.
3. She had to accept a lot of criticism for it.

Вы услышите интервью. В задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

What does Sandra do when she wants a part in a certain film?

1. She simply waits for the invitation.
2. She writes letters to the film director.
3. She tries to make the director aware of her desire.

Вы услышите интервью. В задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

According to Sandra, a film director should not refuse a willing actor because this person may …

1. suit the part perfectly.
2. be highly motivated.
3. feel offended.

Вы услышите интервью. В задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

What does Sandra say about going from movie to movie?

1. She chooses to stick to her plan.
2. She goes from what is available.
3. She always considers the next film budget.

Вы услышите интервью. В задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Sandra’s roles?

1. They are somehow gloomy.
2. They are of some artistic quality.
3. They are equally important to her.

Вы услышите интервью. В задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

What does Sandra enjoy most about the film ‘Winter’?

1. It has a narrative plot.
2. The way she reveals her character.
3. The camerawork.

Установите соответствие заголовков 1–8 абзацам текста А–G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

A. When you are running a marathon, it is very important to drink a lot so that your body does not dehydrate. You should run at a steady pace. Don’t start too fast or you will become tired very quickly and won’t be able to continue. This is called “hitting the wall”. In most cases runners then give up completely. On the other hand, you shouldn’t start too slowly or else you won’t reach the time limit you want to achieve. After a marathon most runners feel pain in their muscles. This is normal and it may take a few days before your body becomes normal again.

B. It is not clear who was the first to reach the North Pole. A US explorer called Frederick Cook insisted on having walked there in 1908, but nobody could support his claim. Another American called Robert Peary announced that he had reached the Pole in 1909, but because his men were not trained navigators, none of them could be sure. Because the Arctic is made of ice that floats on the sea, rather than snow and ice on rock like the Antarctic, any evidence of visiting the North Pole will quickly be swallowed up by water.

C. In ancient times, people could only use the power of observation to tell what the weather would bring. They could observe the changing patterns of the seasons. This taught them when to plant and when the crops would grow. People also observed animals and the growing cycles of plants to predict changes in the weather. They could tell when a rainy season was coming and when it would get cold. People used their senses to see and smell changes in the weather. The migration of animals was also a good indication of change.

D. In the past decades African runners have dominated marathons all over the world. The Ethiopian Abebe Bikila ran barefoot to his first gold medal in the 1960 Olympic Games. He repeated his victory four years later. Experts think that African runners are better because they train in higher places in their home countries. Their legs may also be stronger than ours and they may have the ability to collect and store more oxygen. All of these help them become very good runners.

E. Watching TV shows is a great way to learn spoken English, slang words, understand culture reference and humour. However, people on TV shows sometimes speak with grammar mistakes, which is often a part of character development. Characters talk with an accent, using non-standard English and pronouncing words in a way that is difficult to understand. While it is a great way to practice listening and talking in everyday life, it is probably not a good source for “proper English”.

F. What sets a musical and an opera apart is that in opera, music is the driving force; in musical theatre, words come first. While listening to an opera, it usually doesn’t matter what language it’s sung in if you know the basic plot – but in musical theatre, the details come from the lyrics. This explanation clarifies why opera stars often sing in a different style than Broadway performers do, why operas and musicals are typically about different subjects, and why musical composition and orchestration vary between the two disciplines.

G. When the Internet was invented, nobody really thought about security. The main aim was to connect computer networks over great distances. Although a lot of money have been spent on making the Internet safer, security has actually become worse. Experts say that the whole net has become so unsafe that it would be best to start all over again. Nobody knows what a new Internet would look like, but users would have to give up their anonymity for a bit more safety. Today’s Internet might end up as a bad neighbourhood you just wouldn’t pass through.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Anger is normal. Or is it?

Anger is normal. It exists everywhere and is in all of us, A. __________ it difficult to accept anger as normal and inevitable. The real issue for the teacher and parent becomes the question of B. __________. The pressures on us to control or hide our anger are very powerful. Teachers ask, “Will that be held against me as a sign of incompetence or immaturity?” Other concerns are: “What will the kids tell their parents?” and “Will that get back to the principal?” Teachers, in addition, C. ___________: “Will a child become frightened?” Will it damage him in some way?” or even more upsetting, “Will the child get angry at me, become rebellious, and no longer like me as a teacher?”

These concerns are so real that most teachers try to hide their anger. The results of this are quite predictable: at best the teacher D. ___________ in anger is tense, irritable, and impatient; at worst the anger slips out in sarcasm or explodes in a rage of accumulated fury.

How do children react to anger? All of us, E. ___________ experiences in school, can remember instances of teachers expressing anger in the classroom. Though children frequently face anger from adults, they do not always adjust to it in ways that F. ___________ and learning better, which is the ultimate aim of the teacher. Teachers report that children often react with confusion: they are bothered, or their faces appear troubled. Some children are hurt at the teacher’s anger, and a few children are even frightened.

1. who is straining to keep
2. or sarcasm that makes
3. have real concern for their children
4. but most teachers and parents find
5. make their own growth
6. as we recall our own childhood
7. how to deal with anger in oneself

Прочитайте текст и выполните задание. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

For almost 125 years, the secrecy surrounding the recipe for Coca-Cola has been one of the world’s great marketing tricks. As the story goes, the fizzy drink’s famous ‘7X’ formula has remained unchanged since it was developed in 1886. Today, the recipe is entrusted only to two Coke executives, neither of whom can travel on the same plane for fear the secret would go down with them.

Now, one of America’s most celebrated radio broadcasters claims to have discovered the Coke secret. Ira Glass, presenter of the public radio institution This American Life, says he has tracked down a copy of the recipe, the original of which is still supposedly held in a burglar-proof vault at the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta, Georgia.

The formula was created by John Pemberton, an Atlanta chemist and former Confederate army officer who crafted cough medicines in his spare time. In 1887, he sold the recipe to a businessman, Asa Griggs, who immediately placed it for safekeeping in the Georgia Trust Bank.

Glass came across a recipe that he believes is the secret formula in a back issue of Pemberton’s local paper, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, while he was researching an entirely different story. Tucked away on an inside page of the 8 February 1979 edition, he stumbled on an article that claimed to have uncovered the closely guarded 7X formula.

The column was based on information found in an old leather-bound notebook that belonged to Pemberton’s best friend and fellow Atlanta chemist, RR Evans. Glass was intrigued and, after some digging, found that the notebook had been handed down over generations until it reached a chemist in Georgia called Everett Beal, whose widow still possesses it.

The rediscovered recipe includes extract of coca leaves, caffeine, plenty of sugar (it specifies 30 unidentified units thought to be pounds), lime juice, vanilla and caramel. Into that syrup, the all-important 7X ingredients are added: alcohol and six oils – orange, lemon, nutmeg, coriander, neroli and cinnamon. The formula is very similar to the recipe worked out by Mark Pendergrast who wrote a history of the drink in 1993 called For God, Country & Coca-Cola.

Coke’s secret recipe is, in fact, partly a myth. The soda has changed substantially over time. Cocaine, a legal stimulant in Pemberton’s day, was removed from the drink in 1904 after mounting public unease about the drug. Extract of coca leaves is still used but only after the cocaine has been removed. In 1980, the company replaced sugar, squeezed from beet and cane, with the cheaper corn sweetener that is often found in American food and drink. Coke fans were not impressed.

Despite such occasional controversies, one element has remained constant: Coke’s commitment to keeping its own secret. Speculation about the recipe has been a popular talking point for more than a century, proving good for business. The company has reacted to the This American Life story in a way that has been typical of its commercial strategy since the 19th century. “Many third parties have tried to crack our secret formula. Try as they might, they’ve been unsuccessful,” Coca-Cola’s Kerry Tressler said.

Who is supposed to know the Coke secret recipe nowadays?

1. Certain Coca-Cola executives.
2. The director of Atlanta Sun Trust Bank.
3. A broadcaster.
4. Atlanta chemists.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задание. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

For almost 125 years, the secrecy surrounding the recipe for Coca-Cola has been one of the world’s great marketing tricks. As the story goes, the fizzy drink’s famous ‘7X’ formula has remained unchanged since it was developed in 1886. Today, the recipe is entrusted only to two Coke executives, neither of whom can travel on the same plane for fear the secret would go down with them.

Now, one of America’s most celebrated radio broadcasters claims to have discovered the Coke secret. Ira Glass, presenter of the public radio institution This American Life, says he has tracked down a copy of the recipe, the original of which is still supposedly held in a burglar-proof vault at the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta, Georgia.

The formula was created by John Pemberton, an Atlanta chemist and former Confederate army officer who crafted cough medicines in his spare time. In 1887, he sold the recipe to a businessman, Asa Griggs, who immediately placed it for safekeeping in the Georgia Trust Bank.

Glass came across a recipe that he believes is the secret formula in a back issue of Pemberton’s local paper, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, while he was researching an entirely different story. Tucked away on an inside page of the 8 February 1979 edition, he stumbled on an article that claimed to have uncovered the closely guarded 7X formula.

The column was based on information found in an old leather-bound notebook that belonged to Pemberton’s best friend and fellow Atlanta chemist, RR Evans. Glass was intrigued and, after some digging, found that the notebook had been handed down over generations until it reached a chemist in Georgia called Everett Beal, whose widow still possesses it.

The rediscovered recipe includes extract of coca leaves, caffeine, plenty of sugar (it specifies 30 unidentified units thought to be pounds), lime juice, vanilla and caramel. Into that syrup, the all-important 7X ingredients are added: alcohol and six oils – orange, lemon, nutmeg, coriander, neroli and cinnamon. The formula is very similar to the recipe worked out by Mark Pendergrast who wrote a history of the drink in 1993 called For God, Country & Coca-Cola.

Coke’s secret recipe is, in fact, partly a myth. The soda has changed substantially over time. Cocaine, a legal stimulant in Pemberton’s day, was removed from the drink in 1904 after mounting public unease about the drug. Extract of coca leaves is still used but only after the cocaine has been removed. In 1980, the company replaced sugar, squeezed from beet and cane, with the cheaper corn sweetener that is often found in American food and drink. Coke fans were not impressed.

Despite such occasional controversies, one element has remained constant: Coke’s commitment to keeping its own secret. Speculation about the recipe has been a popular talking point for more than a century, proving good for business. The company has reacted to the This American Life story in a way that has been typical of its commercial strategy since the 19th century. “Many third parties have tried to crack our secret formula. Try as they might, they’ve been unsuccessful,” Coca-Cola’s Kerry Tressler said.

How did Ira Glass learn about the recipe?

1. Accidentally reading an article in an old Atlanta paper.
2. Studying an old notebook that belonged to Pemberton.
3. Talking to a relative of John Pemberton.
4. Working in Atlanta archives.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задание. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

For almost 125 years, the secrecy surrounding the recipe for Coca-Cola has been one of the world’s great marketing tricks. As the story goes, the fizzy drink’s famous ‘7X’ formula has remained unchanged since it was developed in 1886. Today, the recipe is entrusted only to two Coke executives, neither of whom can travel on the same plane for fear the secret would go down with them.

Now, one of America’s most celebrated radio broadcasters claims to have discovered the Coke secret. Ira Glass, presenter of the public radio institution This American Life, says he has tracked down a copy of the recipe, the original of which is still supposedly held in a burglar-proof vault at the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta, Georgia.

The formula was created by John Pemberton, an Atlanta chemist and former Confederate army officer who crafted cough medicines in his spare time. In 1887, he sold the recipe to a businessman, Asa Griggs, who immediately placed it for safekeeping in the Georgia Trust Bank.

Glass came across a recipe that he believes is the secret formula in a back issue of Pemberton’s local paper, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, while he was researching an entirely different story. Tucked away on an inside page of the 8 February 1979 edition, he stumbled on an article that claimed to have uncovered the closely guarded 7X formula.

The column was based on information found in an old leather-bound notebook that belonged to Pemberton’s best friend and fellow Atlanta chemist, RR Evans. Glass was intrigued and, after some digging, found that the notebook had been handed down over generations until it reached a chemist in Georgia called Everett Beal, whose widow still possesses it.

The rediscovered recipe includes extract of coca leaves, caffeine, plenty of sugar (it specifies 30 unidentified units thought to be pounds), lime juice, vanilla and caramel. Into that syrup, the all-important 7X ingredients are added: alcohol and six oils – orange, lemon, nutmeg, coriander, neroli and cinnamon. The formula is very similar to the recipe worked out by Mark Pendergrast who wrote a history of the drink in 1993 called For God, Country & Coca-Cola.

Coke’s secret recipe is, in fact, partly a myth. The soda has changed substantially over time. Cocaine, a legal stimulant in Pemberton’s day, was removed from the drink in 1904 after mounting public unease about the drug. Extract of coca leaves is still used but only after the cocaine has been removed. In 1980, the company replaced sugar, squeezed from beet and cane, with the cheaper corn sweetener that is often found in American food and drink. Coke fans were not impressed.

Despite such occasional controversies, one element has remained constant: Coke’s commitment to keeping its own secret. Speculation about the recipe has been a popular talking point for more than a century, proving good for business. The company has reacted to the This American Life story in a way that has been typical of its commercial strategy since the 19th century. “Many third parties have tried to crack our secret formula. Try as they might, they’ve been unsuccessful,” Coca-Cola’s Kerry Tressler said.

Which of the following does NOT belong to the famous 7X ingredients?

1. Orange oil.
2. Alcohol.
3. Nutmeg oil.
4. Caffeine.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задание. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

For almost 125 years, the secrecy surrounding the recipe for Coca-Cola has been one of the world’s great marketing tricks. As the story goes, the fizzy drink’s famous ‘7X’ formula has remained unchanged since it was developed in 1886. Today, the recipe is entrusted only to two Coke executives, neither of whom can travel on the same plane for fear the secret would go down with them.

Now, one of America’s most celebrated radio broadcasters claims to have discovered the Coke secret. Ira Glass, presenter of the public radio institution This American Life, says he has tracked down a copy of the recipe, the original of which is still supposedly held in a burglar-proof vault at the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta, Georgia.

The formula was created by John Pemberton, an Atlanta chemist and former Confederate army officer who crafted cough medicines in his spare time. In 1887, he sold the recipe to a businessman, Asa Griggs, who immediately placed it for safekeeping in the Georgia Trust Bank.

Glass came across a recipe that he believes is the secret formula in a back issue of Pemberton’s local paper, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, while he was researching an entirely different story. Tucked away on an inside page of the 8 February 1979 edition, he stumbled on an article that claimed to have uncovered the closely guarded 7X formula.

The column was based on information found in an old leather-bound notebook that belonged to Pemberton’s best friend and fellow Atlanta chemist, RR Evans. Glass was intrigued and, after some digging, found that the notebook had been handed down over generations until it reached a chemist in Georgia called Everett Beal, whose widow still possesses it.

The rediscovered recipe includes extract of coca leaves, caffeine, plenty of sugar (it specifies 30 unidentified units thought to be pounds), lime juice, vanilla and caramel. Into that syrup, the all-important 7X ingredients are added: alcohol and six oils – orange, lemon, nutmeg, coriander, neroli and cinnamon. The formula is very similar to the recipe worked out by Mark Pendergrast who wrote a history of the drink in 1993 called For God, Country & Coca-Cola.

Coke’s secret recipe is, in fact, partly a myth. The soda has changed substantially over time. Cocaine, a legal stimulant in Pemberton’s day, was removed from the drink in 1904 after mounting public unease about the drug. Extract of coca leaves is still used but only after the cocaine has been removed. In 1980, the company replaced sugar, squeezed from beet and cane, with the cheaper corn sweetener that is often found in American food and drink. Coke fans were not impressed.

Despite such occasional controversies, one element has remained constant: Coke’s commitment to keeping its own secret. Speculation about the recipe has been a popular talking point for more than a century, proving good for business. The company has reacted to the This American Life story in a way that has been typical of its commercial strategy since the 19th century. “Many third parties have tried to crack our secret formula. Try as they might, they’ve been unsuccessful,” Coca-Cola’s Kerry Tressler said.

Why might the secret recipe be considered a myth?

1. It has never been a secret.
2. The recipe has never existed.
3. The company has been regularly changing the ingredients.
4. The quality of the ingredients has been changing.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задание. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

For almost 125 years, the secrecy surrounding the recipe for Coca-Cola has been one of the world’s great marketing tricks. As the story goes, the fizzy drink’s famous ‘7X’ formula has remained unchanged since it was developed in 1886. Today, the recipe is entrusted only to two Coke executives, neither of whom can travel on the same plane for fear the secret would go down with them.

Now, one of America’s most celebrated radio broadcasters claims to have discovered the Coke secret. Ira Glass, presenter of the public radio institution This American Life, says he has tracked down a copy of the recipe, the original of which is still supposedly held in a burglar-proof vault at the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta, Georgia.

The formula was created by John Pemberton, an Atlanta chemist and former Confederate army officer who crafted cough medicines in his spare time. In 1887, he sold the recipe to a businessman, Asa Griggs, who immediately placed it for safekeeping in the Georgia Trust Bank.

Glass came across a recipe that he believes is the secret formula in a back issue of Pemberton’s local paper, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, while he was researching an entirely different story. Tucked away on an inside page of the 8 February 1979 edition, he stumbled on an article that claimed to have uncovered the closely guarded 7X formula.

The column was based on information found in an old leather-bound notebook that belonged to Pemberton’s best friend and fellow Atlanta chemist, RR Evans. Glass was intrigued and, after some digging, found that the notebook had been handed down over generations until it reached a chemist in Georgia called Everett Beal, whose widow still possesses it.

The rediscovered recipe includes extract of coca leaves, caffeine, plenty of sugar (it specifies 30 unidentified units thought to be pounds), lime juice, vanilla and caramel. Into that syrup, the all-important 7X ingredients are added: alcohol and six oils – orange, lemon, nutmeg, coriander, neroli and cinnamon. The formula is very similar to the recipe worked out by Mark Pendergrast who wrote a history of the drink in 1993 called For God, Country & Coca-Cola.

Coke’s secret recipe is, in fact, partly a myth. The soda has changed substantially over time. Cocaine, a legal stimulant in Pemberton’s day, was removed from the drink in 1904 after mounting public unease about the drug. Extract of coca leaves is still used but only after the cocaine has been removed. In 1980, the company replaced sugar, squeezed from beet and cane, with the cheaper corn sweetener that is often found in American food and drink. Coke fans were not impressed.

Despite such occasional controversies, one element has remained constant: Coke’s commitment to keeping its own secret. Speculation about the recipe has been a popular talking point for more than a century, proving good for business. The company has reacted to the This American Life story in a way that has been typical of its commercial strategy since the 19th century. “Many third parties have tried to crack our secret formula. Try as they might, they’ve been unsuccessful,” Coca-Cola’s Kerry Tressler said.

What disappointed Coca-Cola fans in 1980?

1. The recipe of the drink was revealed.
2. Beet and cane sugar was replaced with the corn one.
3. Sugar was removed from the drink.
4. The price of the drink went up with the price of sugar.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задание. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

For almost 125 years, the secrecy surrounding the recipe for Coca-Cola has been one of the world’s great marketing tricks. As the story goes, the fizzy drink’s famous ‘7X’ formula has remained unchanged since it was developed in 1886. Today, the recipe is entrusted only to two Coke executives, neither of whom can travel on the same plane for fear the secret would go down with them.

Now, one of America’s most celebrated radio broadcasters claims to have discovered the Coke secret. Ira Glass, presenter of the public radio institution This American Life, says he has tracked down a copy of the recipe, the original of which is still supposedly held in a burglar-proof vault at the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta, Georgia.

The formula was created by John Pemberton, an Atlanta chemist and former Confederate army officer who crafted cough medicines in his spare time. In 1887, he sold the recipe to a businessman, Asa Griggs, who immediately placed it for safekeeping in the Georgia Trust Bank.

Glass came across a recipe that he believes is the secret formula in a back issue of Pemberton’s local paper, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, while he was researching an entirely different story. Tucked away on an inside page of the 8 February 1979 edition, he stumbled on an article that claimed to have uncovered the closely guarded 7X formula.

The column was based on information found in an old leather-bound notebook that belonged to Pemberton’s best friend and fellow Atlanta chemist, RR Evans. Glass was intrigued and, after some digging, found that the notebook had been handed down over generations until it reached a chemist in Georgia called Everett Beal, whose widow still possesses it.

The rediscovered recipe includes extract of coca leaves, caffeine, plenty of sugar (it specifies 30 unidentified units thought to be pounds), lime juice, vanilla and caramel. Into that syrup, the all-important 7X ingredients are added: alcohol and six oils – orange, lemon, nutmeg, coriander, neroli and cinnamon. The formula is very similar to the recipe worked out by Mark Pendergrast who wrote a history of the drink in 1993 called For God, Country & Coca-Cola.

Coke’s secret recipe is, in fact, partly a myth. The soda has changed substantially over time. Cocaine, a legal stimulant in Pemberton’s day, was removed from the drink in 1904 after mounting public unease about the drug. Extract of coca leaves is still used but only after the cocaine has been removed. In 1980, the company replaced sugar, squeezed from beet and cane, with the cheaper corn sweetener that is often found in American food and drink. Coke fans were not impressed.

Despite such occasional controversies, one element has remained constant: Coke’s commitment to keeping its own secret. Speculation about the recipe has been a popular talking point for more than a century, proving good for business. The company has reacted to the This American Life story in a way that has been typical of its commercial strategy since the 19th century. “Many third parties have tried to crack our secret formula. Try as they might, they’ve been unsuccessful,” Coca-Cola’s Kerry Tressler said.

The phrase “proving good for business” means that the rumors about the recipe …

1. were supported by the company.
2. helped the company’s sales.
3. helped to keep the recipe in secret.
4. provided unnecessary problems for the company.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задание. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

For almost 125 years, the secrecy surrounding the recipe for Coca-Cola has been one of the world’s great marketing tricks. As the story goes, the fizzy drink’s famous ‘7X’ formula has remained unchanged since it was developed in 1886. Today, the recipe is entrusted only to two Coke executives, neither of whom can travel on the same plane for fear the secret would go down with them.

Now, one of America’s most celebrated radio broadcasters claims to have discovered the Coke secret. Ira Glass, presenter of the public radio institution This American Life, says he has tracked down a copy of the recipe, the original of which is still supposedly held in a burglar-proof vault at the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta, Georgia.

The formula was created by John Pemberton, an Atlanta chemist and former Confederate army officer who crafted cough medicines in his spare time. In 1887, he sold the recipe to a businessman, Asa Griggs, who immediately placed it for safekeeping in the Georgia Trust Bank.

Glass came across a recipe that he believes is the secret formula in a back issue of Pemberton’s local paper, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, while he was researching an entirely different story. Tucked away on an inside page of the 8 February 1979 edition, he stumbled on an article that claimed to have uncovered the closely guarded 7X formula.

The column was based on information found in an old leather-bound notebook that belonged to Pemberton’s best friend and fellow Atlanta chemist, RR Evans. Glass was intrigued and, after some digging, found that the notebook had been handed down over generations until it reached a chemist in Georgia called Everett Beal, whose widow still possesses it.

The rediscovered recipe includes extract of coca leaves, caffeine, plenty of sugar (it specifies 30 unidentified units thought to be pounds), lime juice, vanilla and caramel. Into that syrup, the all-important 7X ingredients are added: alcohol and six oils – orange, lemon, nutmeg, coriander, neroli and cinnamon. The formula is very similar to the recipe worked out by Mark Pendergrast who wrote a history of the drink in 1993 called For God, Country & Coca-Cola.

Coke’s secret recipe is, in fact, partly a myth. The soda has changed substantially over time. Cocaine, a legal stimulant in Pemberton’s day, was removed from the drink in 1904 after mounting public unease about the drug. Extract of coca leaves is still used but only after the cocaine has been removed. In 1980, the company replaced sugar, squeezed from beet and cane, with the cheaper corn sweetener that is often found in American food and drink. Coke fans were not impressed.

Despite such occasional controversies, one element has remained constant: Coke’s commitment to keeping its own secret. Speculation about the recipe has been a popular talking point for more than a century, proving good for business. The company has reacted to the This American Life story in a way that has been typical of its commercial strategy since the 19th century. “Many third parties have tried to crack our secret formula. Try as they might, they’ve been unsuccessful,” Coca-Cola’s Kerry Tressler said.

The best title reflecting the message of the story probably is …

1. The History of Coca-Cola company.
2. Tracking down the famous recipe.
3. Coca-Cola secret recipe revealed?
4. The secret recipe is a fraud.

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The Solovetsky Archipelago includes six islands with a total area of 300 sq. km that __________________ in the White Sea, 250 km from Arkhangelsk

LOCATE

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This area is rich in archaeological monuments, the __________________ of which date back to the 2nd and 3rd millennia BC.

OLD

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One of the main sights here is the Solovetsky Monastery, which was established in the first half of the __________________ century.

TWELVE

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In the early 20th century, this centuries-old citadel of Orthodoxy was converted into a camp for political __________________ that existed until 1939.

PRISONER

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It was only in the nineties that monastic life __________________ there.

RESUME

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The Solovetsky Archipelago, which is now a historical and cultural reserve, is fascinating not only because of its dramatic history, but also because of its unusual landscape, __________________ hills, lakes, and gullies.

INCLUDE

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The Solovetsky Archipelago __________________ under UNESCO protection since 1992.

BE

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Tourism is already Britain’s fifth most important industry and it is also the fifth largest tourist industry in the world. It’s growing __________________: the number of people employed in the industry increased by more than 50,000 a year.

RAPID

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Britain has a rich and varied cultural heritage. __________________ royal ceremonies attract millions of visitors each year.

BEAUTY

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London has an international reputation for its historic sites, museums and __________________ institutions. A city of infinite, London is both historic and unceasingly modern, at the forefront of fashion, music and art.

FAME

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Historic cities such as Oxford, Cambridge and Bath are visited by large numbers of__________________.

FOREIGN

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People who travel to Scotland, the Lake District and other areas of upland Britain find unique _________________ places and scenery which can vary over short distances.

EXCITE

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Some of the most popular places outside London are the Jorvik Viking Centre in York, the Tudor ship in Portsmouth and _________________ museum of Photography in Bradford.

NATION

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Alexander

Sir Alexander Heathcote was an exact man. He was exactly six feet three-and-a-quarter inches tall, 32 ______ at seven o’clock every morning, joined his wife at breakfast to eat one boiled egg cooked for precisely four minutes, two pieces of toast with one spoonful of Cooper’s marmalade, and drink one cup of China tea. He used to take a carriage from his home in Cadogan Gardens at exactly 8:20 and 33 ______ at the Foreign Office at promptly 8:59, returning home again on the stroke of six o’clock.

Sir Alexander had been exact from an early age, as he was the only son of a general. But, 34 ______ his father, he chose to serve his queen in the diplomatic service, another exacting alling. He 35 ______ in progressing from a shared desk at the Foreign Office in Whitehall to third secretary in Calcutta to minister in Peking. He was delighted when Mr. Gladstone 36 ______ the opportunity to represent the government in China. For some time he had been 37 ______ in the art of the Ming dynasty. This appointment would present him a perfect chance of 38 ______ some of the great statues, paintings and drawings in their natural habitat.

32 1) raised 2) rose 3) got 4) stood

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Alexander

Sir Alexander Heathcote was an exact man. He was exactly six feet three-and-a-quarter inches tall, 32 ______ at seven o’clock every morning, joined his wife at breakfast to eat one boiled egg cooked for precisely four minutes, two pieces of toast with one spoonful of Cooper’s marmalade, and drink one cup of China tea. He used to take a carriage from his home in Cadogan Gardens at exactly 8:20 and 33 ______ at the Foreign Office at promptly 8:59, returning home again on the stroke of six o’clock.

Sir Alexander had been exact from an early age, as he was the only son of a general. But, 34 ______ his father, he chose to serve his queen in the diplomatic service, another exacting alling. He 35 ______ in progressing from a shared desk at the Foreign Office in Whitehall to third secretary in Calcutta to minister in Peking. He was delighted when Mr. Gladstone 36 ______ the opportunity to represent the government in China. For some time he had been 37 ______ in the art of the Ming dynasty. This appointment would present him a perfect chance of 38 ______ some of the great statues, paintings and drawings in their natural habitat.

33 1) reach 2) come 3) go 4) arrive

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Alexander

Sir Alexander Heathcote was an exact man. He was exactly six feet three-and-a-quarter inches tall, 32 ______ at seven o’clock every morning, joined his wife at breakfast to eat one boiled egg cooked for precisely four minutes, two pieces of toast with one spoonful of Cooper’s marmalade, and drink one cup of China tea. He used to take a carriage from his home in Cadogan Gardens at exactly 8:20 and 33 ______ at the Foreign Office at promptly 8:59, returning home again on the stroke of six o’clock.

Sir Alexander had been exact from an early age, as he was the only son of a general. But, 34 ______ his father, he chose to serve his queen in the diplomatic service, another exacting alling. He 35 ______ in progressing from a shared desk at the Foreign Office in Whitehall to third secretary in Calcutta to minister in Peking. He was delighted when Mr. Gladstone 36 ______ the opportunity to represent the government in China. For some time he had been 37 ______ in the art of the Ming dynasty. This appointment would present him a perfect chance of 38 ______ some of the great statues, paintings and drawings in their natural habitat.

34 1) unlike 2) contrast 3) apart 4) opposed

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Alexander

Sir Alexander Heathcote was an exact man. He was exactly six feet three-and-a-quarter inches tall, 32 ______ at seven o’clock every morning, joined his wife at breakfast to eat one boiled egg cooked for precisely four minutes, two pieces of toast with one spoonful of Cooper’s marmalade, and drink one cup of China tea. He used to take a carriage from his home in Cadogan Gardens at exactly 8:20 and 33 ______ at the Foreign Office at promptly 8:59, returning home again on the stroke of six o’clock.

Sir Alexander had been exact from an early age, as he was the only son of a general. But, 34 ______ his father, he chose to serve his queen in the diplomatic service, another exacting alling. He 35 ______ in progressing from a shared desk at the Foreign Office in Whitehall to third secretary in Calcutta to minister in Peking. He was delighted when Mr. Gladstone 36 ______ the opportunity to represent the government in China. For some time he had been 37 ______ in the art of the Ming dynasty. This appointment would present him a perfect chance of 38 ______ some of the great statues, paintings and drawings in their natural habitat.

35 1) fulfilled 2) succeeded 3) achieved 4) managed

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Alexander

Sir Alexander Heathcote was an exact man. He was exactly six feet three-and-a-quarter inches tall, 32 ______ at seven o’clock every morning, joined his wife at breakfast to eat one boiled egg cooked for precisely four minutes, two pieces of toast with one spoonful of Cooper’s marmalade, and drink one cup of China tea. He used to take a carriage from his home in Cadogan Gardens at exactly 8:20 and 33 ______ at the Foreign Office at promptly 8:59, returning home again on the stroke of six o’clock.

Sir Alexander had been exact from an early age, as he was the only son of a general. But, 34 ______ his father, he chose to serve his queen in the diplomatic service, another exacting alling. He 35 ______ in progressing from a shared desk at the Foreign Office in Whitehall to third secretary in Calcutta to minister in Peking. He was delighted when Mr. Gladstone 36 ______ the opportunity to represent the government in China. For some time he had been 37 ______ in the art of the Ming dynasty. This appointment would present him a perfect chance of 38 ______ some of the great statues, paintings and drawings in their natural habitat.

36 1) approached 2) suggested 3) proceeded 4) offered

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Alexander

Sir Alexander Heathcote was an exact man. He was exactly six feet three-and-a-quarter inches tall, 32 ______ at seven o’clock every morning, joined his wife at breakfast to eat one boiled egg cooked for precisely four minutes, two pieces of toast with one spoonful of Cooper’s marmalade, and drink one cup of China tea. He used to take a carriage from his home in Cadogan Gardens at exactly 8:20 and 33 ______ at the Foreign Office at promptly 8:59, returning home again on the stroke of six o’clock.

Sir Alexander had been exact from an early age, as he was the only son of a general. But, 34 ______ his father, he chose to serve his queen in the diplomatic service, another exacting alling. He 35 ______ in progressing from a shared desk at the Foreign Office in Whitehall to third secretary in Calcutta to minister in Peking. He was delighted when Mr. Gladstone 36 ______ the opportunity to represent the government in China. For some time he had been 37 ______ in the art of the Ming dynasty. This appointment would present him a perfect chance of 38 ______ some of the great statues, paintings and drawings in their natural habitat.

37 1) interested 2) fond 3) keen 4) involved

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Alexander

Sir Alexander Heathcote was an exact man. He was exactly six feet three-and-a-quarter inches tall, 32 ______ at seven o’clock every morning, joined his wife at breakfast to eat one boiled egg cooked for precisely four minutes, two pieces of toast with one spoonful of Cooper’s marmalade, and drink one cup of China tea. He used to take a carriage from his home in Cadogan Gardens at exactly 8:20 and 33 ______ at the Foreign Office at promptly 8:59, returning home again on the stroke of six o’clock.

Sir Alexander had been exact from an early age, as he was the only son of a general. But, 34 ______ his father, he chose to serve his queen in the diplomatic service, another exacting alling. He 35 ______ in progressing from a shared desk at the Foreign Office in Whitehall to third secretary in Calcutta to minister in Peking. He was delighted when Mr. Gladstone 36 ______ the opportunity to represent the government in China. For some time he had been 37 ______ in the art of the Ming dynasty. This appointment would present him a perfect chance of 38 ______ some of the great statues, paintings and drawings in their natural habitat.

38 1) looking 2) noticing 3) remarking 4) observing

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Nicole who writes:

… My best friend got back from her trip to Italy. She’s brought a lot of souvenirs to me. Why do people buy souvenirs? What makes a good souvenir? What do you do with souvenirs that you don’t like?

…Unfortunately, my mum has fallen ill…

Write a letter to Kate.

In your letter:

• answer his questions
• ask 3 questions about her mother’s heаlth

Write 100 – 140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

Comment on one of the following statements.

1. Doing sports is essential to all young people.

2. Travelling in your own country is the best way to learn it.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Write 200 – 250 words.

Use the following plan:

− make an introduction (state the problem paraphrasing the given statement);

− express your personal opinion and give 2 – 3 reasons for your opinion;

− express an opposing opinion and give 1 – 2 reasons for this opposing opinion;

− explain why you do not agree with the opposing opinion;

− make a conclusion restating your position.

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Задания

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ты сможешь посмотреть решение

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