Recognize your limitations егэ

Задание №6422.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1 — 8 и текстами A — G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Recognize Your Limitations
2. Take a Rest
3. Clear Out Distractions
4. Have Help Handy
5. Plan Your Work
6. Stay Calm Under Pressure
7. Work With Interest
8. Stay Focused

A. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a big tree outside allow you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to encounter friends, or even your own room, as it’s usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to any successful session of work.

B. Making your work relate to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your favourite historical battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As long as you meet all the requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose.

C. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something, watch a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a little bit. Trying to work too long at too hard a pace without a break is only going to spoil your work in the end, as you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks proportional to the amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up.

D. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class. Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on one task is the key to any successful session of work.

F. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day when you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t proud of.

G. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents for advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is the difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should care about your college marks.

A B C D E F G
             

Решение:
Заголовок 3 (Clear Out Distractions. — Избавьтесь от отвлекающих факторов) соответствует содержанию текста A: «You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance.»

Заголовок 7 (Work With Interest. — Работайте с интересом) соответствует содержанию текста B: «Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it.»

Заголовок 2 (Take a Rest. — Отдохни) соответствует содержанию текста C: «It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there.»

Заголовок 5 (Plan Your Work. — Планируйте свою работу) соответствует содержанию текста D: «Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance.»

Заголовок 8 (Stay Focused. — Оставайся сфокусированным) соответствует содержанию текста E: «Concentrating your efforts on one task is the key to any successful session of work.»

Заголовок 1 (Recognize Your Limitations. — Признайте свои ограничения) соответствует содержанию текста F: «If you sense you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop.»

Заголовок 4 (Have Help Handy. — Получите помощь под рукой) соответствует содержанию текста G: «If you have no idea how to even start an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor…»

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Источник: ЕГЭ-2018, английский язык: 30 тренировочных вариантов для подготовки к ЕГЭ. Е. С. Музланова

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Тест с похожими заданиями

Источник

12722. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1) Clear Out Distractions
2) Have Help Handy
3) Recognize Your Limitations
4) Take a Rest

5) Stay Calm Under Pressure
6) Plan Your Work
7) Stay Focused
8) Work With Interest

A. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a big tree outside allows you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to encounter friends, or even your own room, as it’s usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to any successful session of work.

B. Making your work relate to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your favourite historical battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As long as you meet all the requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose.

C. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something, watch a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a little bit. Trying to work too long at too hard a pace without a break is only going to spoil your work in the end, as you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks proportional to the amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up.

D. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class. Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on one task is the key to any successful session of work.

F. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day when you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t proud of.

G. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents for advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is the difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should care about your college marks.

Задание ЕГЭ по английскому языку

Источник

Раздел 2. Чтение

10. Установите соответствие между текстами A—G и заголовками 1—8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Recognize Your Limitations

2. Take a Rest

3. Clear Out Distractions

4. Have Help Handy

5. Plan Your Work

6. Stay Calm Under Pressure

7. Work With Interest

8. Stay Focused

A. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a big tree outside allow you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to encounter friends, or even your own room, as it’s usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to any successful session of work.

B. Making your work relate to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your favourite historical battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As long as you meet all the requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose.

C. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something, watch a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a little bit. Trying to work too long at too hard a pace without a break is only going to spoil your work in the end, as you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks proportional to the amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up.

D. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class. Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on one task is the key to any successful session of work.

F. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day when you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t proud of.

G. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents for advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is the difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should care about your college marks.

Источник

12722. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1) Clear Out Distractions
2) Have Help Handy
3) Recognize Your Limitations
4) Take a Rest

5) Stay Calm Under Pressure
6) Plan Your Work
7) Stay Focused
8) Work With Interest

A. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a big tree outside allows you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to encounter friends, or even your own room, as it’s usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to any successful session of work.

B. Making your work relate to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your favourite historical battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As long as you meet all the requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose.

C. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something, watch a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a little bit. Trying to work too long at too hard a pace without a break is only going to spoil your work in the end, as you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks proportional to the amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up.

D. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class. Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on one task is the key to any successful session of work.

F. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day when you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t proud of.

G. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents for advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is the difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should care about your college marks.

Задание ЕГЭ по английскому языку

Oх, уж эта чудная школьная пора, со своими яркими (и не очень) воспоминаниями, учителями, предметами, последними звонками, которая по обыкновению завершается одним особым трогательным мероприятием — последним звонком. Родители переживают за свое чадо, которое вскоре сделает свой первый шаг во взрослую жизнь.

Но прежде чем отпраздновать выпускной и поступить в желаемый университет, одиннадцатиклассники вынуждены сыграть в коварную игру под названием «ЕГЭ по английскому языку». Now, what d»ya know about it?

ЕГЭ по английскому языку сдают, когда поступают на гуманитарные специальности, например: филологию или лингвистику, переводоведение или преподавание, международные отношения или регионоведение и т.д. Как вы могли уже заметить, обучение на вышеупомянутых направлениях как раз и основывается на иностранном языке, поэтому английский язык считается профильным предметом.

Сам экзамен состоит из письменной и устной частей, которые не проводятся не в один день. В первый — учащиеся сдают письменную часть, она включает: аудирование, чтение, письмо, грамматика и лексика. Всего в этот день выпускнику нужно выполнить 40 заданий за 180 минут. Can you deal with that? Ученик может получить максимум 20 баллов за каждый из разделов. So, за первый день можно и нужно набрать 80 баллов.

Вторая часть — устная часть ЕГЭ по английскому — проходит в другой день и сдается по желанию. Она длится всего 15 минут и состоит из 4 заданий. В течение этого времени ученикам предстоит отвечать на вопросы и описывать картинки. В этот день выпускник может заработать еще +20 баллов.

Логично, что сдавать устную часть имеет смысл: в случае неудачных ответов вы ничего не теряете, а в случае удачных — заработаете дополнительные баллы. Think about it! Таким образом, выпускник на экзамене может набрать максимум 100 баллов. Минимальный балл для сдачи экзамена составляет 22 балла. Если ниже, то все пропало! Ниже указано количество баллов ЕГЭ по английскому и оценка им соответствующая:

Очевидно, что экзамен хотелось бы сдать на высокий балл, потому что есть шанс поступить, например, на бюджет, и в течение всего обучения получать достойную стипендию и всевозможные плюшки от государства.

Ниже мы приведем лучшие способы подготовиться к ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

Даты проведения ЕГЭ по английскому языку 2019

Утвержденное расписание экзаменации должно быть опубликовано в январе 2019 (пока что известно про период сдачи основной части предметов с 28 мая по 20 июня). Но уже сегодня есть возможность узнать кое-что интересное:

  • со второй половины марта по середину апреля 2019 года, например, пройдет досрочная экзаменация, в период с 21 марта по 4 апреля. Однако сдавать ЕГЭ в досрочное время могут не все школьники. К числу таких выпускников относятся те, кто окончил школу ранее 2018/2019 учебного года, неуспевающие ученики прошлых лет без аттестата, а также учащиеся вечерних школ. Сдать тест в досрочное время могут и те, кто решил не поступать в ВУЗ, а отправиться на службу в армию; дети, уезжающие жить за границу; абитуриенты иностранных ВУЗов, или те, кто приехал учиться из-за рубежа. Исключение делается и для ребят, уезжающих на спортивные, культурные или научные конкурсы или соревнования, а также для школьников, которым на время основного тестирования назначены лечебные процедуры;
  • с последних дней мая и до начала июня 2019 года назначено проведение основного периода ЕГЭ. Вангуем, что первые экзамены начнутся 28 мая 2019 года;
  • старт дополнительного периода ЕГЭ заявлен на 4 сентября 2019 года. Дополнительная экзаменация будет проходить в течение первой половины сентября.

Изменения в ЕГЭ по английскому языку 2019

В принципе, особых новшеств на данный момент не было замечено. Хотя и есть некоторые уточнения. Например, по формулировкам критериев, которые стали конкретнее и однозначнее. Если раньше возникали вопросы относительно того, что считать нарушением, то отныне таких вопросов больше не будет. Сравнение:

  • 2017
     (задание выполнено полностью: содержание отражает все аспекты, указанные в задании (даны полные ответы на все вопросы, заданы три вопроса по указанной теме); стилевое оформление речи выбрано правильно с учётом цели высказывания и адресата; соблюдены принятые в языке нормы вежливости);
  • 2018
     (задание выполнено полностью: содержание отражает все аспекты, указанные в задании (даны полные и точные ответы на все вопросы, заданы правильно три вопроса по указанной теме); стилевое оформление речи выбрано правильно с учётом цели высказывания и адресата; соблюдены принятые в языке нормы вежливости (допускается 1 неполный или неточный аспект
    ). Уточнена формулировка задания 4 в блоке «Говорение»
    .

Бонусы — это хорошо, но чтобы успешно преодолеть это испытание, важно понимать его сильные и слабые стороны. Поэтому сейчас и поговорим о структуре экзамена, которую условно делят на четыре основных блока и один дополнительный (195 минут).

Аудирование (Listening Comprehension)

В первом блоке (30 минут) ученик выполняет 3 задания. Экзаменаторы включают запись и не останавливают ее до самого конца, однако между фрагментами есть паузы для чтения заданий и переноса ответов в бланк. За каждый верный ответ в этой и остальных частях экзамена ученик получает по 1 баллу.

  • Первая задача состоит в прослушивании 6 высказываний и соотношении их с утверждениями, одно из которых лишнее, то бишь нужно будет выявить соответствия между основными идеями и аудио-фрагментами.
  • Во втором упражнении дается диалог и реплики — необходимо определить какие утверждения ложные (false), а какие правдивые (true), кроме того, выявить о каких утверждениях в тексте не говорилось (not stated).
  • В оставшихся 7 заданиях (№ 3-9) предлагается прослушать интервью и отметить правильный вариант ответа из трех предложенных. Ученик слушает аудиозапись и подбирает верный ответ к каждому вопросу. За это задание можно также максимум получить 7 баллов.

Советы
: вникайте в смысл слов, которые произносит диктор. Там могут быть скрыты ответы к заданиям.

Чтение (Reading)

Во втором блоке (также 30 минут) проверяют способности к аналитике и выделению основной информации из текста. Он также, как и Аудирование, состоит из 3 частей (9 заданий).

  • В 10 задании даются 7 мини-текстов (3-6 предложений в каждом) и 8 заголовков, которые необходимо подобрать для каждого текста, при этом один заголовок лишний. Максимальное количество баллов: 7.
  • В 11 задании, учитывая причинно-следственные связи и логику изложения, вам предстоит заполнить специальный текст с шестью пропусками. Для заполнения предоставляется 7 отрывков. Стало быть, один лишний. Максимальное количество баллов: 6.
  • В оставшихся 7 заданиях (№ 12-18) вы читаете небольшой англоязычный текст и 7 вопросов к нему. К каждому вопросу дается 4 варианта ответов, из которых нужно выбрать один верный. Максимальное количество баллов: 7.

Советы
: постарайтесь не тратить на 1 задание больше 10 минут; вникайте в смысл текста (ищите ключевые слова); узнайте/повторите как строятся сложные предложения; в третьем задании вопросы после текста располагаются в том порядке, в котором к ним даются ответы в тексте. То есть ответ на первый вопрос будет в начале текста, на второй вопрос — после ответа на первый и т.д.

Лексика и грамматика (Vocabulary & Grammar)

70% заданий (№ 19-31) направлено на знание словообразования и школьной программы по грамматике английского языка. В последних семи (№ 32-38) упражнениях необходимо сделать выбор в пользу одного из четырех предложенных ответов, учитывая контекст и нужную грамматическую форму. На все про все дается 40 минут.

  • Сначала дается текст с 7 пропущенными словами. Справа от него есть слова, требующие грамматического преобразования (поставить в нужное время глагол, к примеру) и вставления. Макс. кол-во баллов: 7.
  • Во втором задании — текст с 6 пропусками. Опять потребуется грамматически преобразовать (образовать однокоренное слово, подходящее к тексту по смыслу) и вставить слова в текст. Макс. кол-во баллов: 6.
  • Снова текст с 7 пропусками, нужно подобрать 1 правильный вариант из 4 предложенных. Макс. кол-во баллов: 7.

Советы
: на все задания выделяйте не более 12 минут (кроме второго — там 15); вчитывайтесь в контекст; повторите: времена и формы глаголов, залогов (активную и пассивную), сравнительную и превосходную степень прилагательных, порядковые числительные, образование суффиксов и приставок в английском.

Письменная часть (Writing)

В четвертом блоке всего 2 задания (но каких!), на которые дается 80 минут (за них нужно успеть написать и проверить свои работы).

  • Во-первых, неформальное письмо другу (около 100-140 слов). Дается текст короткого письма от этого самого «друга», после которого есть вопросы. Нужно прочитать текст с вопросами, и написать ответочку (то есть ответить на вопросы друга и задать свои). Макс. кол-во баллов: 6
    .
  • Во-вторых, эссе на заданную тему (около 200-250 слов). В этом разделе дается утверждение (довольно спорное обычно), и ученик пишет сочинение на эту тему, высказывая свое мнение, демонстрируя изученную лексику, знания грамматических правил, структуру различных письменных работ, и, наконец, способность к описанию и аргументированию своей точки зрения на письме. Надо уложиться в 80 минут. Макс. кол-во баллов: 14
    .

Советы
: не пишите сочинение на черновике полностью, лучше набросайте на него свои мысли и идеи; не забывайте про качественное вступление (описание актуальности проблемы) и завершение; не пишите адресов (даже вымышленных); просмотрите примеры дружественных писем на английском в Интернете; не забудьте поблагодарить друга за письмо (в начале); задавайте вопросы в письме; полюбите абзацы (но не по 1 предложению); используйте «I believe
…», «I assume
…», «In my opinion
…»; разговорный стиль также допустим («Guess what?
», «What»s up?
», «Howdy!
», «See ya!
», «Later!
»); пишите в нейтральном стиле (2 задание); обосновывайте и подтверждайте свою точку зрения, описывая разные; делайте выводы и подводите итог.

Говорение (Speaking)

Устная часть ЕГЭ по английскому языку не обязательна, но для получения максимально возможного балла говорение необходимо. Этот блок самый короткий и занимает всего 15 минут. Он состоит из четырех заданий, за которые можно получить в общей сумме 20 баллов: чтение англоязычного текста вслух, постановки вопросов к объявлению, используя ключевые слова; описание картинки/фотографии; сравнительный анализ двух предложенных фотографий, руководствуясь заданным планом. Ученик сдает задания перед компьютером, на котором показывается отсчет времени, а его ответы записываются. В аудитории при этом находится организатор, который следит за ходом экзамена и при первой же сомнительной ситуации имеет право применить огнестрельное оружие (jk).

  • В первом задании будет текст около-научного характера, который нужно выразительнейшим образом прочитать вслух. На это будет отведено 1,5 минуты (+1.5 на подготовку). Соответственно на все задание — не более 3 минут. Задание оценивается в 1 балл.
  • Второе задание представляет собой рекламное объявление, к которому нужно придумать 5 вопросов на основе ключевых слов. Подготовка — 1,5 минуты, формулировка каждого вопроса — 20 секунд. Всего — 3 минуты. Здесь можно заработать 5 баллов.
  • В третьем задании будут показаны 3 картинки/фотографии. Выбираем одну и описываем ее по предложенному плану. На задание — около 3,5 минут. За успешное выполнение дается 7 баллов.
  • И в четвертом задании нам снова предлагаются картинки. На этот раз 2, которые требуется сравнить и описать их сходства и различия. Также нужно будет объяснить, почему выбранная тематика близка выпускнику. Количество минут и баллов равно количеству таких же в предыдущем задании.

Советы
: тренируйте произношение и читайте тексты на различную тематику с правильной интонацией и выражением (смотрите YouTube for Christ»s sake!); соблюдайте паузы, ударения и интонацию; не забывайте про время и старайтесь читать внятно, но затягивать; учитесь задавать вопросы к текстам на разные темы; умейте составлять вопросы корректно; внимательно читайте задания и отвечайте на все вопросы; сообщите какое фото вы выбрали в начале ответа («I»ve chosen the photo
 number
 …»); скорее всего описывать придется фотографию «друга»; используйте речевые клише вроде: «the 1st picture depicts
 …», «whereas the 2nd shows us
 …», «the main difference is that
 …», «also, they have the same
 …», «in comparison to the first picture, this one is
 …».

Английский язык: подготовка к ЕГЭ 2019

Для сохранности ваших нервов, настоятельно рекомендуем обращаться непосредственно к нам, и отведать онлайн-курсы ЕГЭ по английскому или наш курс подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку по Скайпу . Мы поможем подготовиться и не упасть в грязь лицом.

Онлайн курс ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

У нас Вы можете подготовиться к ЕГЭ по английскому онлайн!

  • Уникальная методика от ведущих преподавателей со стажем онлайн-школы английского языка EnglishDom.
  • Разноплановые упражнение на лексику, грамматику и понимания речи носителя языка на слух, разбитых по ситуативно-тематическим блокам.
  • Есть возможность отрабатывать навыки говорения в role play, поддерживается функция распознавания голоса.
  • Удобный и простой интерфейс.

Особенности:

  • Больше подойдет студентам с высоким уровнем языка, которые долгое время занимаются с англоязычным или русскоязычным преподавателем.
  • Также, придется по вкусу ученикам, которые на 100% уверены в своих знаниям английского и знакомы с особенностями ЕГЭ по английскому.
  • Курс направлен на самостоятельное изучение, поэтому является отличным решением для повтора и обновления знаний и структуры экзамена.
  • Отсутствует контроль учителя, соответственно ответственность и прогресс полностью зависит от мотивированности и заинтересованности изучающего (watch out!).

ЕГЭ по английскому языку в ED Class.

  • Каждый урок состоит из двух основных разделов: «Class»
     & «Home
    ». В class вы найдете крутые разминки (Warm up
    ), чтобы зарядиться позитивными эмоциями на целый урок. Далее предлагается ознакомиться с новой лексикой (Vocabulary
    ), к каждому слову дается транскрипция и картинка, что позволяет с легкостью выстроить ассоциативный ряд.
  • Раздел грамматики (Get to know
    ) представлен в удобных таблицах, где понятным и доступным языком излагается именно та информация, на которую следует обращать внимание. А использование ее на практике продемонстрируют примеры с озвучкой ниже, а также последующие упражнения для закрепления правил на практике (Grammar practice
    ).
  • Чтобы от души повеселиться и быть готовым совладать с аудированием на экзамене, мы предлагает окунуться в англоязычный мир и посмотреть занимательные видеосюжеты (Life stories
    ). Это не только забавно, но и полезно, т.к. в задании обязательно встречается изученная ранее лексика.
  • И на десерт сладенькие таски на говорение в виде диалога (Role play
    ), вопросов (Discussion
    ) и, наконец, захватывающей игры (Game
    ).

Ну, что заинтригованы? Но и это еще не все! Чтобы весь материал оставался в активной памяти и никуда не запропастился, обязательно проходите блок «Home
» в удобное для вас время. Повторение — мать учения!

Особенности:

  • Подойдет ученикам любого уровня, которые собираются сдавать ЕГЭ по английскому.

Материалы для подготовки к ЕГЭ 2019 по английскому

Чтобы справиться на отлично, придется потратить не мало времени на подготовку. Имейте в виду! Необходимо распланировать и уделить время подготовке каждому из разделов. Аудированию, например. Далеко не каждый школьный учитель на своих уроках отводит достаточно времени на обучение восприятия иностранной речи на слух. На помощь придут аудиокниги, песни любимых исполнителей, фильмы или телесериалы в англоязычной озвучке. Смотрите хотя бы пару серий любимого сериала или кинофильма, и слушайте аудиокнигу по дороге в школу.

Вам могут помочь следующие ресурсы:

  • Серия учебников Macmillan Exam Skills for Russia включает в себя книги по подготовке к каждой части ЕГЭ. Благодаря аутентичным текстам и заданиям эта серия — одна из лучших для подготовки к экзаменам. Однако, обращаем ваше внимание, что книги довольно сложные, поэтому заниматься с ними рекомендуется школьникам с уровнем не ниже Intermediate.
  • Неплохая подборка учебников по ЕГЭ за прошлые года есть на этом сайте . Кроме того, можно прочитать книги онлайн. Например, есть одна заманчивая, которая обещает подготовить вас за месяц. В основном на ресурсе представлены тренировочные варианты экзаменационных работ, которые можно использовать в качестве практического материала для подготовки к ЕГЭ. Каждый вариант снабжён ключами и текстами для аудирования.
  • quizlet.com и barabook.ru — удобные онлайн-сервисы для изучения новых слов. Создавайте свои наборы карточек с новыми словами и изучайте их с помощью одноименных приложений или прямо на сайте. Easy!
  • podcastsinenglish.com , britishcouncil.org , bbc.co.uk — сайты с обучающими подкастами на английском языке. На них, конечно, нет типовых заданий для ЕГЭ, зато можно потренировать навык восприятия речи на слух интересным способом и немного отвлечься от однотипных заданий к экзамену.
  • fipi.ru — официальный сайт Федерального института педагогических измерений, на котором представлен большой банк типовых заданий к ЕГЭ. На указанной странице кликните по надписи «Английский язык» и в открывшейся вкладке слева выберите навык, который хотите тренировать. На сайте нет ответов, поэтому, чтобы старания не пропали зря, советуем заниматься с преподавателем и передавать выполненные задания ему на проверку.
  • «Типовые экзаменационные варианты ЕГЭ под редакцией Вербицкой » — книга существует в различных вариациях, включают в себя типовые задания ЕГЭ с ответами. С помощью книги можно проверить, насколько хорошо выпускник готов к сдаче экзамена.

При подготовке и использовании вышеуказанных материалов, обратите внимание на написание эссе. Попытайтесь написать хотя бы 10 мини-сочинений на разные темы до экзамена. Вдохновение может прийти к вам после просмотра хорошего фильма, например. Скачайте билеты прошлых лет и отточите свои навыки написания. Каждое новое эссе поможет вам лучше формулировать мысли и излагать аргументы в пользу своей точки зрения.

Кстати! Если Вы хотите научиться правильно писать эссе по английскому языку на ЕГЭ 2019, то прочтите !

Давайте рассмотрим какие изменения, которые претерпело ЕГЭ по сравнению с прошлым годом.

Типичные ошибки при подготовке к ЕГЭ

В сборник главных типичных ошибок при подготовке к ЕГЭ по английскому, в первую очередь, входит неумение правильно распределить время подготовки. Ученик знает, с чем у него возникают проблемы. На это и должно уделяться больше времени. Еще частой проблемой является неспособность к говорению. Отрабатывать данный навык можно, постоянно проигрывая в голове небольшие диалоги с бытовыми ситуациями, либо описывая предметы, людей и здания, которые вы видите на своем пути (к совершенству) в школу, кинотеатр или супермаркет.

Кроме этого существуют следующие ошибки при подготовке к экзамену по английскому:

  • Неактуальные учебные пособия или ресурсы
     в сети тоже могут значительно навредить при подготовке. Выпускникам предлагается много материалов, которые обещают самую лучшую подготовку. Но не все справляются с этой задачей. Лучше пользоваться теми учебными пособиями, которые советуют профессионалы. Обязательно рекомендуется заходить на сайт ФИПИ, где всегда публикуются самые последние данные.
  • Непоследовательная подготовка.
     Ученик или совсем не садится за учебники, или сидит за ними без отдыха. Надо составить план со временем и строго следовать ему. Начинать готовиться к экзаменам надо с осени 11 класса, а еще лучше — с 10 класса. Объем знаний большой, времени требуется много.
  • Игнорирование непонятного материала.
     При подготовке к экзамену, вы должны начинать повторять, то что не ясно. Чтобы полностью усвоить материал, почитайте тему в учебнике, обратитесь к репетитору или своему учителю, запишитесь на курсы и узнайте то, что вам непонятно, не пытайтесь успокаивать себя сами. С материалом, который вы освоите, будет гораздо легче: за несколько дней до экзамена сможете быстро вспомнить и пробежаться по всем ранее слабым местам.
  • Не комплексная подготовка.
     Сами учителя во время урока чаще всего уделяют внимание чтению и грамматике, при этом забывают о правильном произношении и восприятии. Увы, но пока такая печальная тенденция прослеживается во многих школах. Стоит помнить, что на экзамене в задачах будут представлены все составляющие программы. И уделить внимание крайне необходимо каждой.
  • Зубрежка
    . Сложность экзамена состоит в том, что он рассчитан на понимание материала, некоторые задачи спроектированы на ответ-экспромт. Обычно такие тесты позволяют получить наибольшее количество баллов и компенсировать утраченные. Заучив весь материал, вы не сможете объяснить аналогичные примеры, которые будут представлены в тесте. Кроме того, вам не хватит времени, чтобы заучить весь объем материала.
  • Прохождение только пробных текстов
    . Да, они однозначно нужны, но не расчитывайте, что если вы набрали максимальный балл на таких, то основной экзамен у вас в кармане. Задания комплектуются по-разному, тесты смешиваются, становятся, в своем роде, индивидуальными.
  • Неверный психологический настрой
     может помешать сдаче экзамена. Правильно настроиться поможет умение сконцентрироваться и в нужный момент расслабиться. Позитивные мысли тоже играют роль. Они помогают справиться с заданиями. Верьте в себя, но не загоняйтесь — слишком большая самонадеянность может оказаться предательски коварным врагом. Все должно быть в меру.

Заключение

Сложно ли сдавать ЕГЭ по английскому языку? Нет!
Подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку действительно важна, т.к. экзамен — это своего рода челлендж, к которому необходимо подходить со всей ответственностью. Чем выше балл по ЕГЭ, тем больше свободы при выборе достойного учебного заведения, которое впоследствии поможет воплотить мечту в жизнь и стать выдающимся специалистом в той сфере, которая интересна. Не упускайте возможность — запишитесь на вводный урок английского по Скайпу .

Не страшитесь сложностей, приходите к нам, и мы поможем вам пройти ЕГЭ с наивысшим баллом! You can do that!

Большая и дружная семья EnglishDom

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РФ

ФБГОУ ВПО «ОРЕНБУРГСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»

ИНСТИТУТ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КВАЛИФИКАЦИИ И ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПЕРЕПОДГОТОВКИ РАБОТНИКОВ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

ВЫПУСКНАЯ РАБОТА

Формирование стратегий выполнения текстовых заданий

в формате ЕГЭ по английскому языку

(на примере раздела «Чтение»)

Выполнила:

Сергеева Анастасия Ивановна, учитель английского языка, МАОУ «Михайловская СОШ»

Руководитель:
Репина Надежда Анатольевна, доцент, кандидат педагогических наук

Оренбург, 2015

Пояснительная записка………………………………………………………………………1-13

Комплекс упражнений……………………………………………………………………….14-50

Список использованных источников……………………………………………………..51

Приложение………………………………………………………………………………………52-57

Пояснительная записка

В хорошо известном документе Совета Европы «Общеевропейские компетенции владения иностранным языком: изучение, преподавание, оценка» компетенция определяется как сумма знаний, умений и личностных качеств, которые позволяют человеку совершать различные действия. Единый государственный экзамен (ЕГЭ) по английскому языку позволяет установить уровень освоения участниками федерального государственного стандарта среднего (полного) общего образования в области иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции. Предполагается, что учащиеся общеобразовательных школ должны достигнуть уровень В1 иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции (общеевропейская терминология), а учащиеся школ с углубленным изучением иностранного языка, гимназий и лицеев – уровня В2.

Актуальность темы

Перспектива перехода ЕГЭ по английскому языку в разряд обязательных;

Чтение является составной частью ЕГЭ. В связи с этим чтение занимает существенное место в современных учебно-методических комплексах по английскому языку на всех этапах обучения. Раздел «Чтение» – объемный вид деятельности в ЕГЭ, который оценивает умение читать. Чтение – трудный вид речевой деятельности.

Проблема
 в том, что анализ результатов подготовки к ЕГЭ показывает, что 50% учащихся трудно дается выполнение раздела «Чтение», в частности поисковое. Следовательно, необходимо приучать учащихся работать с текстами на более высоком уровне. Все вышесказанное определило тему работы: «Формирование стратегий выполнения текстовых заданий в формате ЕГЭ по английскому языку (на примере раздела «Чтение»)»
.

Объект исследования:
 подготовка учащихся общеобразовательной школы к сдаче Единого государственного экзамена.

Предмет исследования:
подготовка к сдаче раздела ЕГЭ «Чтение».

Цель данной работы
 – теоретически обосновать виды чтения и разработать систему упражнений, способствующую наиболее эффективной подготовке учащихся к успешному выполнению заданий ЕГЭ по разделу «Чтение».

Основными задачами работы являются:

    охарактеризовать виды чтения как вида речевой деятельности;

    разработать систему упражнений для работы с текстами;

Спецификация контрольных измерительных материалов для проведения единого государственного экзамена по английскому языку

1. Назначение экзаменационной работы

Контрольные измерительные материалы позволяют установить уровень освоения выпускниками Федерального компонента государственного образовательного стандарта основного общего и среднего (полного) общего образования.

Результаты единого государственного экзамена по иностранному языку признаются общеобразовательными учреждениями, в которых реализуются образовательные программы среднего (полного) общего образования, как результаты государственной (итоговой) аттестации, а образовательными учреждениями среднего профессионального образования и образовательными учреждениями высшего профессионального образования — как результаты вступительных испытаний по иностранному языку.

2. Документы, определяющие содержание экзаменационной работы

1. Федеральный компонент государственных стандартов основного общего и среднего (полного) общего образования, базовый и профильный уровень (приказ Минобразования России от 05.03.2004 № 1089).

2. Примерные программы по иностранным языкам // Новые государственные стандарты по иностранному языку. 2-11 классы / Образование в документах и комментариях. М.: АСТ: Астрель, 2004.

3. Программы общеобразовательных учреждений. Английский язык для 10-11 классов школ с углубленным изучением иностранных языков. М.: Просвещение, 2003.

4. Программы для общеобразовательных учреждений. Немецкий язык для общеобразовательных школ с углубленным изучением немецкого языка. М.: Просвещение: МАРТ, 2004.

5. Программы общеобразовательных учреждений. Французский язык для 1-11 классов школ с углубленным изучением иностранных языков. М.: Просвещение, 2001.

6. Программы общеобразовательных учреждений. Испанский язык для 5-11 классов школ с углубленным изучением иностранных языков. М.: Просвещение, 2005.

При разработке КИМ также учитываются:

7. Общеевропейские компетенции владения иностранным языком: Изучение, преподавание, оценка. МГЛУ, 2003.

3. Подходы к отбору содержания, разработке структуры КИМ ЕГЭ

Целью единого государственного экзамена по иностранному языку является определение уровня иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции экзаменуемого. Основное внимание при этом уделяется речевой компетенции, т.е. коммуникативным умениям в разных видах речевой деятельности: аудировании, чтении, письме, а также языковой компетенции, т.е. языковым знаниям и навыкам. Социокультурные знания и умения проверяются опосредованно в разделе «Чтение».

Следовательно, КИМ ЕГЭ по иностранным языкам содержит разделы «Аудирование», «Чтение», «Грамматика и лексика» и «Письмо». При этом следует иметь в виду, что раздел «Чтение» имеет в качестве объектов контроля умения в соответствующих видах речевой деятельности, эти умения обеспечиваются необходимым уровнем развития языковой компетенции экзаменуемых. Успешное выполнение заданий на контроль рецептивных видов речевой деятельности обеспечивается знанием лексических единиц, морфологических форм и синтаксических конструкций и навыками их узнавания/распознавания.

4. Структура КИМ ЕГЭ

При подготовке к ЕГЭ по английскому языку в разделе «Чтение» следует заранее ознакомить учащихся с форматом данной части экзаменационной работы. Рекомендуемое время выполнения данного раздела – 30 минут. Максимальный результат -20 баллов. Раздел «Чтение» состоит из трех заданий. Каждое задание проверяет тот или иной вид чтения: понимание основного содержания текста, понимание структурно-смысловых связей текста, детальное понимание текста.

Задание базового уровня (10) – задание на контроль умений просмотрового чтения, направленного на понимание основного содержания прочитанного материала. Максимальный балл -7. Задание повышенного уровня(11)- задание на контроль понимания структурно-смысловых связей текста. Максимальный балл -6. Задания высокого уровня (12-18) направлено на контроль изучающего чтения, требующего детального понимания прочитанного. Максимальный балл -7.

Кодификатор

элементов содержания и требований к уровню подготовки выпускников

образовательных организаций для проведения единого государственного

экзамена по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ

Кодификатор элементов содержания и требований к уровню подготовки выпускников образовательных организаций для проведения единого государственного экзамена по английскому языку (далее – кодификатор) является одним из документов, определяющих структуру и содержание КИМ ЕГЭ. Он составлен на основе Федерального компонента государственных стандартов основного общего и среднего (полного) общего образования по иностранному языку (базовый и профильный уровни) (приказ Минобразования России от 05.03.2004 № 1089).

В кодификатор не включены элементы содержания, выделенные курсивом в разделе «Обязательный минимум содержания основных образовательных программ» стандарта: данное содержание подлежит изучению, но не включается в раздел «Требования к уровню подготовки выпускников» стандарта, т.е. не является объектом контроля.

1. Перечень элементов содержания, проверяемых на едином

государственном экзамене по английскому языку

Понимание основного содержания сообщений, несложных

Полное и точное понимание информации прагматических

текстов, публикаций научно-популярного характера,

отрывков из произведений художественной литературы

Выборочное понимание необходимой/интересующей

информации из текста статьи, проспекта

Понимание структурно-смысловых связей текста

2. Перечень требований к уровню подготовки выпускников, достижение которых проверяется на едином государственном экзамене по английскому языку

Код требования

Знания, умения и навыки, проверяемые на ЕГЭ

(публицистические, художественные, научно-популярные,

прагматические) с использованием различных

стратегий/видов чтения в соответствии с коммуникативной

Использовать ознакомительное чтение в целях понимания

публикаций научно-познавательного характера, отрывков из

произведений художественной литературы

извлечения необходимой/запрашиваемой информации из

текста статьи, проспекта

использовать изучающее чтение в целях полного понимания

информации прагматических текстов, публикаций научно-

познавательного характера, отрывков из произведений

художественной литературы

Отделять главную информацию от второстепенной,

выявлять наиболее значимые факты

Определять свое отношение к прочитанному

Определять временную и причинно-следственную

взаимосвязь событий, прогнозировать развитие/результат

излагаемых фактов/событий, обобщать описываемые

факты/явления

информации; понимать смысл текста и его проблематику,

используя элементы анализа текста

Стратегии подготовки к разделу «Чтение»

Для успешной сдачи экзамена необходимо отработать стратегии выполнения всех трех типов заданий. Это поможет избежать потери времени на экзамене и поможет сконцентрировать внимание на важных моментах каждого задания. При подготовке рекомендуется выполнять задание, опираясь на пошаговые инструкции. Данные рекомендации к каждому типу заданий предлагаю использовать учащимся при выполнении работы.

В первом задании
 (10)
 надо установить соответствие между заголовком, темой или крат­ким утверждением и небольшим текстом. В задании предлагаются семь коротких текстов, отмеченных цифрами 1-7 и восемь заголовков, отмечен­ных буквами А-Н. Один заголовок — лишний. За каждое правильно установленное соответствие дается 1 балл, мак­симально 7- баллов.
Проверяются умения понимать основную идею (содержание) высказывания, отделять главное от второстепенного, игнорировать избыточную информацию и незнакомые слова, не мешающие пониманию основного содержания.

До чтения текстов
 следует:

    что их объединяет (тема, проблема, ситуация, ключевое слово и т.д.)

    чем они отличаются друг от друга: проблемой, отношением к проблеме и т.д.

    В процессе изучения заголовков подчеркивать в них ключе­вые слова, делать другие пометки, помогающие понять их смысл и отличия.

    Глядя
    на заголовки, попытаться предвосхитить основное содержание текста, подобрать слова/словосочетания, которые необходимы для
    раскрытия данной темы/ проблемы/ ситуации.

Во время второго прочтения
последовательно просматривать каждый из предложенных текстов, игнорируя незнако­мые слова и выражения, не углубляясь в детальное понимание.

    После беглого просмотра каждого текста подобрать к нему один или несколько за­головков, предложенных в задании.

    По мере прочтения каждого текста отмечать все возможные варианты ответа рядом с текстом.

    Делать нужные исправления по ходу чтения, т.к. некоторые варианты предыдущих ответов будут отпадать методом исключения

    При возникших затруднениях с определением соответствия текста заголовку (теме, крат­кому утверждению), прочитать текст и попытаться сформулировать его основную идею самостоятельно, затем выбрать наиболее близкую по содержанию из оставшихся вариан­тов ответа и отметить ее.

Во время второго прочтения

    Обратить особое внимание на тексты, где изначально были выбраны несколько возмож­ных соответствий.

    Обосновать самому себе выбор того или иного соответствия с опорой на текст.

    Проверить правильность других выбранных соответствий.

После прочтения

    Определить лишний заголовок (тему, краткое утверждение)

Во втором задании (11)
 задании дается текст с шестью пропусками, обозначенными буквами (A-F), и семь фрагментов предложений для заполнения пропусков, обозначенных цифрами (1-7). Один фрагмент предложения — лишний. Надо установить соответствие между частью текста и пропущенным фрагментом предложения. За каждое правильно установленное соответствие дается 1 балл. Максимально — 6 баллов.

Во время первого прочтения

    Заранее ознакомиться с форматом задания и с требованиями по заполнению бланков для данного задания.

    Бегло просмотреть весь текст (без выделенных фрагментов), попытаться определить его тему и основное содержание.

Во время второго прочтения
:

    Читать текст последовательно, обращая особое внимание на последнее слово или выра­жение перед каждым пропуском
    ;
    Если это слово или выражение требует определенного согласования или управления (использование герундия, инфинитива, предлога, союза и т.д.), надо искать соответствующее начало в выделенном фрагменте.

    Если одна и та же грамматическая структура используется в начале нескольких выде­ленных фрагментов, учитывать смысловое содержание предложения с пропуском. а также предыдущих и последующих предложений.

    По ходу чтения отмечать все возможные варианты соответствий, указывая нужные бук­вы рядом с цифрой пропуска или нужные цифры рядом с буквами, обозначающими вы­деленные фрагменты,

    Делать нужные исправления по ходу чтения, т.к. после каждого заполненного пробела неясные варианты ответов будут определяться точнее, отпадать методом исключения.

    Обратить особое внимание на про пуски, где изначально были выбраны несколько воз­можных соответствий. Обосновать для себя выбор того или иного соответствия с учетом грамматических и лексических норм сочетаемости, принятых в английском языке и/или с опорой на содержание текста.

    Проверить обоснованность других выбранных соответствий.

После прочтения

    Записать окончательный вариант ответа в таблицу после задания.

    Определить лишний фрагмент.

    Еще раз проверить точность записи всех ответов.

В третьем задании (12-18)
 части раздела чтения предлагаются семь тестовых заданий (12-18). К каждому заданию предлагается четыре варианта ответа, обо­значенных цифрами (1-4), из которых только один является правильным. Как правило, ­это либо начало предложения, к которому предлагается четыре возможных варианта окон­чания, либо вопрос, к которому дается четыре варианта ответа. Для каждого задания (12-18) надо выбрать один правильный ответ из четырех предложенных. За каждый правильно выбранный ответ дается 1 балл; максимально — 7 баллов.

До чтения текста

    Заранее ознакомиться с форматом задания и с требованиями по заполнению бланков от­вета для данного задания.

    Прочитать только вопросы или начала предложений без предложенных вариантов отве­та, чтобы определить примерное содержание текста, а также характер запрашиваемой

     ин
    формации:

Во время первого прочтения

    Выполнять задание последовательно. Помнить, что последовательность

    тестовых вопро­сов связана с последовательностью развития сюжета текста.

    С каждым вопросом работать по предлагаемой схеме:

    определить суть запрашиваемой информации,
    т.е. понять, что лежит в основе за­прашиваемой информации: слово, словосочетание, предложение, абзац и или весь текст;

    найти место,
    где запрашиваемая информация дается в тексте;

    понять, чем предлагаемые варианты ответов отличаются
    друг от друга;

    отбросить
    очевидно неверные варианты и определить наиболее вероятный ответ;

    доказать

    ,
     что остальные варианты неверны или что в тексте нет информации, пред­лагаемой в, а также на различия между явно и неявно выраженной информацией.

    Если не можете осознанно выбрать ни один из предложенных вариантов, не понимаете сути вопроса, все равно не оставляйте задание без ответа. Выбирайте ответ интуитивно.

После прочтения

    Убедиться в правильности выбора ответа в каждом тестовом задании.

    Зафиксировать результаты выполнения задания на черновике так, чтобы их можно было легко перенести в бланк ответа.

При регулярном выполнении заданий по чтению с учетом данных стратегий данные алгоритмы выполнения заданий способны стать тем руководством к действию, которое позволит эффективно выполнить задание.

II
 Комплекс упражнений.

Тренировочные упражнения

    По­ни­ма­ние основного со­дер­жа­ния текста

1. Places to stay in

2. Arts and culture

3. New country image

5. Different landscapes

6. Transport system

7. National languages

A.
 Belgium has always had a lot more than the faceless administrative buildings that you can see in the outskirts of its capital, Brussels. A number of beautiful historic cities and Brussels itself offer impressive architecture, lively nightlife, first-rate restaurants and numerous other attractions for visitors. Today, the old-fashioned idea of ‘boring Belgium’ has been well and truly forgotten, as more and more people discover its very individual charms for themselves.

B.
 Nature in Belgium is varied. The rivers and hills of the Ardennes in the southeast contrast sharply with the rolling plains which make up much of the northern and western countryside. The most notable features are the great forest near the frontier with Germany and Luxembourg and the wide, sandy beaches of the northern coast.

C.
 It is easy both to enter and to travel around pocket- sized Belgium which is divided into the Dutchspeaking north and the French-speaking south. Officially the Belgians speak Dutch, French and German. Dutch is slightly more widely spoken than French, and German is spoken the least. The Belgians, living in the north, will often prefer to answer visitors in English rather than French, even if the visitor’s French is good.

D.
 Belgium has a wide range of hotels from 5-star luxury to small family pensions and inns. In some regions of the country, farm holidays are available. There visitors can (for a small cost) participate in the daily work of the farm. There are plenty of opportunities to rent furnished villas, flats, rooms, or bungalows for a holiday period. These holiday houses and flats are comfortable and well-equipped.

E.
 The Belgian style of cooking is similar to French, based on meat and seafood. Each region in Belgium has its own special dish. Butter, cream, beer and wine are generously used in cooking. The Belgians are keen on their food, and the country is very well supplied with excellent restaurants to suit all budgets. The perfect evening out here involves a delicious meal, and the restaurants and cafes are busy at all times of the week.

F.
 As well as being one of the best cities in the world for eating out (both for its high quality and range), Brussels has a very active and varied nightlife. It has 10 theatres which produce plays in both Dutch and French. There are also dozens of cinemas, numerous discos and many night-time cafes in Brussels. Elsewhere, the nightlife choices depend on the size of the town, but there is no shortage of fun to be had in any of the major cities.

G.
 There is a good system of underground trains, trams and buses in all the major towns and cities. In addition, Belgium’s waterways offer a pleasant way to enjoy the country. Visitors can take a one-hour cruise around the canals of Bruges (sometimes described as the Venice of the North) or an extended cruise along the rivers and canals linking the major cities of Belgium and the Netherlands.

Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между за­го­лов­ка­ми 1–8 и тек­ста­ми A–G. За­пи­ши­те свои от­ве­ты в таб­ли­цу. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дую цифру толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии есть один лиш­ний за­го­ло­вок.

1. Places to stay in

2. Public transport

3. Cultural differences

5. Camping holidays

6. Contacts with neighbours

7. Different landscapes

A. Sweden is a land of contrast, from the Danish influence of the southwest to the Laplanders wandering freely with their reindeer in the wild Arctic north. And while Sweden in cities is stylish and modern, the countryside offers many simpler pleasures for those who look for peace and calm. The land and its people have an air of reserved calm, and still the world’s best-selling pop group Abba, which used to attract crowds of hysterical fans, come from Sweden.

B. Historically, Sweden has an interesting story. Its dealings with the outside world began, in fact, during Viking times, when in addition to the well- known surprise attacks of the nearby lands, there was much trading around the Baltic, mostly in furs and weapons. Swedish connections with the other Scandinavian countries, Norway and Denmark, have been strong since the Middle Ages. The monarchies of all three are still closely linked.

C. Sweden’s scenery has a gentler charm than that of neighbouring Norway’s rocky coast. Much of Sweden is forested, and there are thousands lakes, notably large pools near the capital, Stockholm. The lakeside resort in the centre of Sweden is popular with Scandinavians, but most visitors prefer first the Baltic islands. The largest island, Gotland, with its ruined medieval churches, is a particular attraction.

D. Sweden boasts a good range of hotels, covering the full spectrum of prices and standards. Many of them offer discounts in summer and at weekends during the winter. In addition, working farms throughout Sweden offer accommodation, either in the main farmhouse or in a cottage nearby. Forest cabins and chalets are also available throughout the country, generally set in beautiful surroundings, near lakes, in quiet forest glades or on an island in some remote place.

E. Living in a tent or caravan with your family or friends at weekends and on holiday is extremely popular in Sweden and there is a fantastic variety of special places. Most are located on a lakeside or by the sea with free bathing facilities close at hand. There are over 600 campsites in the country. It is often possible to rent boats or bicycles, play mini-golf or tennis, ride a horse or relax in a sauna. It is also possible to camp in areas away from other houses.

F. Swedes like plain meals, simply prepared from the freshest ingredients. As a country with a sea coast and many freshwater lakes, fish dishes are found on all hotel or restaurant menus. Top-class restaurants in Sweden are usually fairly expensive, but even the smallest towns have reasonably priced self-service restaurants and grill bars. Many restaurants all over Sweden offer a special dish of the day at a reduced price that includes main course, salad, soft drink and coffee.

G. Stockholm has a variety of pubs, cafes, clubs, restaurants, cinemas and theatres but in the country evenings tend to be very calm and peaceful. From August to June the Royal Ballet performs in Stockholm. Music and theatre productions take place in many cities during the summer in the open air. Outside Stockholm in the 18th-century palace there are performances of 18th-century opera very popular with tourists.

Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между за­го­лов­ка­ми 1–8 и тек­ста­ми A–G. За­пи­ши­те свои от­ве­ты в таб­ли­цу. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дую цифру толь­ко один раз. В

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3. Public transport

5. Places to stay in

6. Favourite food

7. Hot spots for kids

A.
 Denmark, a small kingdom in northern Europe, has a lot of interesting places for tourists with children. For example, Legoland, a theme park, has become the largest tourist attraction in Denmark outside its capital Copenhagen. And Copenhagen itself is world famous for its Tivoli Gardens amusement park, which opened in 1843 in the heart of the city. The park offers ballet and circus performances, restaurants, concerts, and fireworks displays.

B.
 Denmark is the smallest Scandinavian country, consisting of the Jutland peninsula, north of Germany, and over 400 islands of various sizes, some inhabited and linked to the mainland by ferry or bridge. Throughout the country, low hills provide a constant change of attractive views; there are also cool and shady forests of beech trees, large areas of open land covered with rough grass, a beautiful lake district, sand dunes and white cliffs on the coast.

C.
 More than four-fifths of all Danes live in towns. The main cities represent a combination of medieval buildings, such as castles and cathedrals, and modern office buildings and homes. Denmark’s high standard of living and wide-ranging social services guarantee that the cities have no poor districts. Most people in the cities live in flats. But in the suburbs many also live in single-family houses.

D.
 Denmark’s fine beaches attract many visitors, and there are hotels and pensions in all major seaside resorts. Besides, excellent inns are to be found all over the country. Some are small and only serve local travellers, but others are adapted to the tourist and have established reputations for both international dishes and local specialities. There are also private rooms to let, usually for one night, and chalets all over Denmark.

E.
 There is a wide selection of places to go out in the evening, particularly in Copenhagen. Jazz and dance clubs in the capital city are top quality and world-famous performers appear regularly. There are numerous cafes, beer gardens and speciality beer bars. Entertainment available includes opera at the recently opened opera house in Copenhagen, ballet and theatre at a number of places in the larger cities, and live music of all kinds.

F.
 Most Danes eat four meals a day — breakfast, lunch, dinner, and a late-evening supper. Breakfast generally consists of cereal, cheese, or eggs. Dinner, which includes fish or meat, is usually the only hot meal. A traditional Danish dinner consists of roast duckling stuffed with apples, served with red cabbage and boiled potatoes. The other Danish meals consist mostly of sandwiches.

G.
 Almost all adult Danes can read and write. Danish law requires children to attend nine years of school. Primary school consists of the first seven grades, and secondary school lasts from three to five years. A five-year secondary school student can enter a university. Denmark has three universities. The University of Copenhagen is the oldest and largest. It was founded in 1479 and has about 24,000 students.

These people are interested in doing part-time courses. Read these adverts about part-time courses and choose a suitable course for each person
.

Sue’s an engineer and she works for an American company. At the moment she’s managing a project in London. She loves working abroad and she’d like to work in South America or Asia one day. She hardly ever meets people that aren’t connected with her job. She wants to meet new people, use her mind and discuss ideas. She’s looking for an interesting evening course where she can do these things.

Jackie loves music and wants to work in music industry when she leaves school. She plays the violin very well and has lessons once a week. Now she wants to learn to play the guitar or the piano. She isn’t going out or getting much exercise at the moment because she’s studying for her exams. She isn’t happy about this because she’s usually quite an active person.

Danilo is from Italy but he’s living in London at the moment. He’s working as a waiter in an Italian restaurant. He’d like to go to university in England and he’s trying to find out about courses. He likes travelling and he’s interested in talking to people from different countries. In his free time he goes to the cinema a lot and one day he’d like to work in the film industry.

1. Bring out the writer in you!

Learn how to write articles, short stories, novels.

Our professional team of writers can teach you everything you need to know. Don’t delay! Fill in the form and send it to us.

2. Current affairs — what is behind those headlines?

Do you know what’s happening in the world at the moment? This course gives you all information and chance to discuss it in small, friendly groups. You can make friends from different countries.

This course is for anyone who loves film. We will look at the work of Hitchcock, Fellini, Tarantino and others.

4. Guitar and violin lessons

I’m a patient, experienced professional musician and I’m looking for students — beginners are welcome!

Lessons at students’ homes.

5. Information technology evening courses

No computer skills? No problem! Come to our introductory courses!

These people want to find a coffee shop or a nice place to eat. Decide which cafe would be the most suitable for them. Here are descriptions of five cafes in town. Decide which cafe would be the most suitable for the people above.

1. Ann works for a travel agency in a small seaside resort. Every morning she has a big breakfast, as she only has a one hour lunch break.Sometimes there’s even extra work to do at lunchtime. There are a few cafes around her office, but they all serve traditional British food. She prefers unusual and quite strong flavours.

2. Mrs Black is a retired 75-year-old History teacher. She is proud of her British origin and is looking for a traditional place to spend her empty afternoons in. She doesn’t like crowded or noisy coffee shops.

3. Mr Ridle and Mr Radison are two businessmen who always work long hours. They have to deal with sales reps coming from all over Europe. At the end of a long meeting they like having a quick but high- quality meal with them.

4. Keith is a personal trainer in a sports centre. At the moment he’s much more interested in travelling. Unfortunately he is allergic to some food. He can’t stand meat, but he loves eating lots of other types of dishes, particularly eggs.

a.
The Hidden place

The most unspoilt place in town. Delicious homemade cakes and proper tea and coffee for anybody who enjoys taking their time. Try next door if you’re in a hurry! Pets welcomed. Cheap prices.

b.
At Eddie’s

This is more of all you can eat salad bar! The ideal place where you can enjoy all vegan food including French fries, hash-brown nuggets and omlettes! Parking places available.

c.
Food Paradise

We are a small family owned restaurant and coffee shop located in the city centre. We offer the biggest variety in authentic Mexican food. All dishes are for very reasonable prices.

d. Coffee Shop «Bella Italia»

Forget expensive luxury Italian restaurants. We offer classic Italian cooking at coffee shop prices. Self-service area and five tables always reserved for nearby companies. Closed Sat-Sun.

е. Cafe Antalya

Popular Turkish cafe on the coast. If you are fed up with the usual tomato and cheese sandwich, try our Adana Kebab, a spicy hot, grilled meat specialty. For a quick snack, sweet syrupy pasties and strong black coffee await you! Good prices and outdoor seating available.

These people want to buy a CD. These are descriptions of some CDs. Decide which CD would be the most suitable for the following people.

1. Peter is an English teacher. He has travelled a lot, and he likes to listen to foreign music, especially from India and other Asian countries. He is quite fond of folk music.

2. Karen is a high school student who enjoys listening to the newest pop songs to practice her English. She likes to sing along with the music while she listens. She especially enjoys listening to music sung in English by groups of attractive young men who can dance.

3. Bob is retired. He likes to listen to music from his youth because it reminds him of when he used to play the piano in a band at university. He doesn’t like music with a lot of singing because it’s difficult to hear the instruments well.

4. Mick is a high school student who plays the violin. He likes listening to well-known orchestras playing classical music and hopes to play in one of them some day.

A. The Singer was 111 For lovers of classical music who don’t like opera-style singing, the famous New York City Opera Orchestra has made this unusual CD. Listeners can hear some of the most famous opera melodies of all time with one important difference: there is no singing at all.

B. The Golden Age of Jazz 1960

Here is a great disc for lovers of music from this important year in the history of jazz. There is very little singing on this CD, just lots of fantastic playing by some of the greatest musicians of the time.

C. Get up and Dance

This collection of newly recorded updated versions of pop songs from your parents’ generation will have you singing and dancing all night! Some of these songs are sure to be hits again for the second time.

D.
China and its Music

China is an enormous country with many different languages, traditions and music. Fifteen unusual songs will give you an idea of the variety of traditional music that can be found in this beautiful, interesting country.

E.
Music Video Gold

This CD has thirteen songs from the most popular music videos of this year. The words to all of the songs are also included for your maximum enjoyment. As a special bonus, you can also hear all of the songs without singing if you’d like to sing and pretend you are your favourite pop star!

Read the newspaper advertisements and choose who can live there:

d) a family with child

A separate flat facing the river, on the second floor, central heating, hot water, a bathroom, a big kitchen, a living room with large windows, a bedroom. All the rooms are furnished. The rent is 100 pounds a month.

2
. ______

The Victoria is a large and comfortable hotel in the center of Oxford. There are double rooms and single ones. All the bedrooms have television, telephone and central heating. There are two restaurants, a coffee shop and a bar. The hotel has a lift and a car park.

A separate room on the fifth floor for a single man, with furniture and a bathroom. There is a desk, a sofa, a TV set and a bookcase. The telephone is in the hall. There is no lift. The room is small but warm and cosy. The rent is only 50 pounds a month.

A two-bedroom apartment facing a park on the tenth floor, a big living room, furnished. There is small kitchen with modern equipment. A swimming pool and a laundry are in the basement. The rent is 150 pounds a month.

a. Who else can be real friends?

b. Why do friendships end?

c. What is friendship?

d. What should a friend be like?

1. ____ The famous 4th century philosopher Aristotle once said,

‘Without friends nobody would want to live’. Friendship is indeed universal and one of the most important human emotions. Friendship is important for everybody. According to scientists, people who have lots of friends get ill less often, looking younger and are more willing to work. Children who have lots of friends become more generous and do better at school, while old people who have lots of friends age less.

2. _______First of all, a friend must be honest and loyal. Then they

must be able to listen and participate, not only in their friend’s joy, but in their suffering, too. Also, they must have the same interests and opinions as their friends. Friends are the important part of your life. And the best friend must keep secret and you can rely on him or her. Usually real friendship becomes stronger with age.

3. _______A friendship can end for many different reasons. One im

portant reason is trust. If you tell a secret to your friend and they don’t keep it, you might fall out and the friendship could end. Jealousy and envy are other causes. In fact, a jealous or envious friend is not a real friend!

4. ________Animals can be great friends. For many people the com

panionship of a dog or a cat is very important. There is even a therapy‘Pet Therapy’, that uses contact with animals to help people with physical and psychological problems.

Read the text and give the title to the parts of the text:

a. the problems of driving

b. the second capital

c. traffic in the city

d. business centre

e. cultural centre

1. ____Everyone knows something about New York- the Statue

of Liberty, the skyscrapers, the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue, and many theatres of Broadway. This is America’s cultural capital, and her biggest city, with a population of nearly eight million. In the summer it is hot and in winter it can be very cold, but there are hundreds of things to do and see all the year round.

2. ____There are five parts in New York: Brooklyn, the Bronx, Manhattan, Queens and Richmond. Only one of them, the Bronx, is not on an island. Manhattan, the smallest island in New York, is the real centre of the city. When people say ‘New York City’ they usually mean Manhattan. Most of the interesting shops, buildings and museums are here, and Manhattan is the scene of New York’s busy night life.

3. ____Wall Street in Manhattan is the financial heart of the USA

and the most important banking centre in the world. It is a street of skyscrapers. Five million people work here every day.

4. _____Like every big city, New York has its own traffic system.

Traffic jams can be terrible, and it’s usually quickest to go by subway. It goes to almost every corner of Manhattan. But be careful at night, it’s better not to go by subway. There are more than 30,000 taxis in New York. They are easy to see because they are bright yellow.

5. If you really have to drive in New York, remember that

nearly all the east-west streets and most of the north-south streets are one way only. This can be difficult for the visitor who doesn’t know his way. Try to get a map that shows the directions of the traffic, and good luck!

The people are planning to take up a new activity. Decide which class would be the most suitable for them.
 There are descriptions of six classes.

1. Susan is a waitress and works a lot of hours at different times of the day and evening. She’d like to be able to do something creative in her own time.

2. Peter works with computers and feels he needs to do something that will keep him fit. He isn’t sure what to do so he’d like to be able to try an activity before making a final decision.

3. Robert wants to take up an activity that will give him plenty of contact with other people. He is confident and enjoys performing.

4. Hannah has a busy and stressful job and wants to find a way of relaxing that she can also do at home. She wants to look better and feel better.

A.
Art Scene

You don’t have to be Picasso to learn to draw and paint in a friendly and relaxing atmosphere. Our evening course includes trips to art galleries and visits by local artists.

B.
Pen to Paper

To help you become a first-class writer, we offer you a home-study course. We have excellent tutors who will guide you through the course and show you how to make the most of your ability. Write and study when and where you want. It couldn’t be easier.

C. Mind and Body

Try yoga to help you deal with life’s worries! It can also help improve the way you look and develop concentration. Best of all, once you’ve learned the basics, it’s something you can do anywhere.

D.
Salsa for Beginners

Dancing is great exercise! Find out if it’s for you with our free ‘Salsa for Beginners’. Spend an hour having fun in a lively class. We’re sure you’ll want to book straight onto one of our courses after that!

E.
What’s cooking?

Would you like to create fantastic meals and dinner parties for your friends, or do you simply have trouble making an omelette? If the answer is ‘yes’ to either of these questions, why not try one of our Friday evening cooking classes? You’ll always have ideas for the weekend!

F.
On Stage

If you’d like something new and interesting to do, why not join the Talking Theatre Group? We work hard but we have a lot of fun too! We put on two shows a year for local people, which are always very popular!

Put the parts of the text into right order

A.
This modern festival started in California in the United States in the 1960s because some black people wanted to celebrate their original history and culture in their new country. Some Africans in the USA, especially those living in white areas, want their children to value their African-American history. Kwanzaa is not a religious festival, but a festival that celebrates several important ideas and principles like unity, cooperation and creativity, for example.

B.
As Kwanzaa becomes popular, it is also becoming more commercialized. There are now Kwanzaa cards, books on Kwanzaa, poetry and recipes. Parents are buying more expensive gifts for their children. Now there is also ’Nia Umoja’ a kind old man, rather like Father Christmas,

who attracts children to the festival. Kwanzaa is an interesting balance of African and modern American influence.

C. Kwanzaa is a modern festival celebrated by African Americans. It comes from traditional African agricultural festivals. In fact, the name ‘Kwanzaa’ comes from the Swahili word for the first fruit. African Americans also use a Swahili greeting, ‘What’s new?’ during their festival of Kwanzaa.

D.
The festival lasts for seven days, from December 26. People light candles, give gifts, and talk about one special principle every day, on each day. On each night there is a dance, and on the final night there is a big feast.

Put the parts of the text into right order.

Meals in Britain

A.
‘Tea means two things. It is a drink and a meal! Some people have afternoon tea, with sandwiches, cakes, and, of course, a cup of tea. Cream teas are popular. You have scones (a kind of cake) with cream and jam.

B.
A traditional English breakfast is a very big meal — sausages, bacon, eggs, tomatoes, mushrooms… But nowadays many people just have cereal with milk and sugar or toast with marmalade, jam or honey.

Marmalade and jam are not the same. Marmalade is made from oranges and jam is made from other fruit. The traditional breakfast drink is tea, which people have with cold milk. Some people have coffee, often instant coffee, which is made with hot water. Many visitors to Britain find this coffee disgusting.

C. British like food from other countries too, especially Italian, French, Chinese, and Indian. People often get take-away meals. You buy the food at the restaurant and then bring it home to eat. Eating in Britain is quite international.

D.
On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch. They have roast meat, either beef, lamb, chicken or pork, with potatoes, vegetables and gravy. Gravy is a sauce made from the meat juices.

E.
For many people lunch is a quick meal. In cities there are a lot of sandwich bars, where office workers can choose the kind of bread they want — brown, white or a roll — and then all sorts of salad and meat or fish to go in the sandwich. Pubs often serve good, cheap food, both hot and cold. School children can have a hot meal at school, but many just take a snack from home.

F.
The evening meal is the main meal of the day for many people. They usually have it quite early, between 6 and 8 p.m., and often the whole family eats together.

    По­ни­ма­ние структурно-смысловых свя­зей в тексте

Fire Crews Hunt Escaped Hamster

Eight firefighters have been called in to help find an escaped hamster. Two crews used a chocolate-covered camera and a vacuum cleaner A
 ____ , called Fudgie, at the home of a six-year-old girl in Dunbar, Scotland.

The girl’s mother said: ‘We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone В
 ____ .»

The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still refused С
 ____ .

In the search for Fudgie, the firefighters took the family cooker and gas pipes apart. They also dropped a mini-camera coated with chocolate under the floorboards. They then hoped to take out the hamster using a vacuum cleaner. Despite all their efforts, they failed to find Fudgie.

In the end, the firefighters put another camera down the hole D
 ____ , connected to the screen of the family home computer, to see if Fudgie appeared. Besides, the girl and her parents regularly dropped food E
 ____ .

At last, after eight days the hamster returned to her cage safe and sound. She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in the morning. It was the girl’s father who first found Fudgie F
 ____ .

The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie had finally returned.

1. through a small hole in the floor

2. through the hole for the hamster

3. and locked the runaway hamster

4. to come out of the hole

5. to look after the pet

6. to try and locate the missing hamster

7. and left it under the floorboards

Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 — лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

If you eat very quickly, it may be enough to increase your risk of being overweight, research suggests.

Osaka University scientists looked at the eating habits of 3,000 people. Just about half of them told researchers that theyA
 ______ . Compared with those who did not eat quickly, fast-eating men were 84% more likely to be overweight, and women were 100% more likely to В
 ______ .

Japanese scientists said that there were a number of reasons why eating fast С
 ______ . They said it could prevent the work of a signalling system which tells your brain to stop eating because your stomach is full. They said: ‘If you eat quickly you basically fill your stomach before the system has a chance to react, so you D
 _____ .

The researchers also explained that a mechanism that helps make us fat today, developed with evolution and helped people get more food in the periods when they were short of it. The scientists added that the habit of eating fast could be received from one’s parents genes or E
 ______ .

They said that, if possible, children should be taught to F
 ______ , and allowed to stop when they felt full up at mealtimes. ‘The advice of our grandmothers about chewing everything 20 times might be true — if you take a bit more time eating, it could have a positive influence on your weight.

1. just overfill your stomach

2. could be bad for your weight

3. have a habit of eating quickly

4. linked to obesity

5. eat as slowly as possible

6. put on weight

7. learned at a very early age

Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 — лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

Hi-Tech Brings Families Together

Technology is helping families stay in touch like never before, says a report carried out in the US.

Instead of driving people apart, mobile phones and the Internet are A
 ______ . The research looked at the differences in technology use between families with children and single adults. It found that traditional families have more hi-tech gadgets in their home В
 ______ . Several mobile phones were found in 89% of families and 66% had a high-speed Internet connection. The research also found that 58% of families have more С
 ______ .

Many people use their mobile phone to keep in touch and communicate with parents and children. Seventy percent of couples, D
 ______ , use it every day to chat or say hello. In addition, it was found that 42% of parents contact their children via their mobile every day.

The growing use of mobile phones, computers and the Internet means that families no longer gather round the TV to spend time together. 25% of those who took part in the report said they now spend less time E
 ______ . Only 58% of 18-29 year olds said they watched TV every day. Instead the research found that 52% of Internet users who live with their families go online F
______ several times a week and 51% of parents browse the web with their children.

Some analysts have worried that new technologies hurt families, but we see that technology allows for new kinds of connectedness built around cell phones and the Internet/ said the report.

1. than any other group

2. watching television

3. in the company of someone else

4. than two computers in the home

5. communicated with their families

6. helping them communicate

7. owning a mobile

Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 — лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

The Power of ‘Hello’

I work at a company where there are hundreds of employees. I know most of them and almost all of them know me. It is all based on one simple principle: I believe every single person deserves to be acknowledged, A
 ______ .

When I was about 10 years old, I was walking down the street with my mother. She stopped to speak to Mr. Lee. I knew I could see Mr. Lee any time around the neighborhood, В
 ______ .

After we passed Mr. Lee, my mother said something that has stuck with me from that day until now. She said, ‘You let that be the last time you ever walk by somebody and not open up your mouth to speak, because even a dog can wag its tail С
______ . That phrase sounds simple, but it has been a guidepost for me and the foundation of who I am. I started to see that when I spoke to someone, they spoke back. And that felt good. It is not just something I believe in — D
 ______ . I believe that every person deserves to feel someone acknowledges their presence, no matter how unimportant they may be.

At work, I always used to say ‘hello’ to the founder of the company and ask him how our business was doing. But I was also speaking to the people in the cafe, and asked how their children were doing. I remembered after a few years of passing by the founder, I had the courage to ask him for a meeting. We had a great talk.

At a certain point, I asked him E
 ______ . He said, ‘If you want to, you can get all the way to this seat.’ I have become vice president, but that has not changed the way I approach people. I speak to everyone I see, no matter where I am. I have learned that speaking to people creates a pathway into their world, F
 ______ .

1. it has become a way of life.

2. when it passes you on the street.

3. when you see him and talk to him.

4. and it lets them come into mine, too.

5. so I did not pay any attention to him.

6. however small or simple the greeting is.

7. how far he thought I could go in his company.

Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 — лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

Friendship and Love

A strong friendship takes a significant amount of time to develop. It will not just magically mature overnight. A friendship involves committing oneself to help another person A
 ______ . I believe that, nothing can replace a true friend, not material objects, or money, and definitely not a boy.

I met this guy a couple summers ago who I ended up spending almost all of my free time with. His parents did not approve of our dating because of our age difference, В
 ______ . He had told me the day we met that he had joined the air force and would leave for overseas that coming October. After three months had past, the time came when he had to leave. This left me feeling completely alone.

I turned to my friends for support, but to my surprise, С
 ______ . I had spent so much time with this guy and so little time with them, that they did not feel sorry for me when he left. For so long they had become the only constant in my life, and I had taken them for granted over something D
 ______ .When my boyfriend came back, our relationship changed. I tried to fix all the aspects in my life that had gone so wrong in the previous six months.

This experience taught me that true friendships will only survive if one puts forth effort to make them last. Keeping friends close will guarantee that E
 ______ . When a relationship falls apart, a friend will always do everything in their power to make everything less painful. As for me, I try to keep my friends as close as I can. I know they will always support me in whatever I do, and to them, I F
 ______ .

1. but we did anyway.

2. whenever a need arises.

3. they did not really care.

4. whenever they need your help.

5. could not guarantee would even last.

6. am eternally grateful»for a second chance.

7. someone will always have a shoulder to cry

    Пол­ное понимание ин­фор­ма­ции в тексте

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Why did schoolchildren like the new teacher, Mr. Sampson?

1) They liked his appearance.

2) He often went for a walk with them.

3) He organized competitions for them.

4) They enjoyed listening to his stories.

A School Story

It happened at my private school thirty odd years ago, and I still can’t explain it. I came to that school in September and among the boys who arrived on the same day was one whom I took to. I will call him McLeod. The school was a large one: there must have been from 120 to 130 boys there as a rule, and so a considerable staff of masters was required. One term a new master made his appearance. His name was Sampson. He was a tall, well-built, pale, black-bearded man. I think we liked him. He had travelled a good deal, and had stories which amused us on our school walks, so that there was some competition among us to get a chance to listen to him.

Well, the first odd thing that happened was this. Sampson was doing Latin grammar with us. One of his favourite methods was to make us construct sentences out of our own heads to illustrate the rules he was trying to teach us. Now, on this occasion he ordered us each to make a sentence bringing in the verb memlnij ‘I remember.’ Well, most of us made up some ordinary sentence such as ‘I remember my father, ’ but the boy I mentioned — McLeod — was evidently thinking of something more interesting than that. Finally, very quickly he wrote a couple of lines on his paper, and showed it up with the rest. The phrase was “Remember the lake among the four oaks.” Later McLeod told me that it had just come into his head. When Sampson read it he got up and went to the man- tel-piece and stopped quite a long time without saying anything looking really embarrassed. Then he wanted to know why McLeod had put it down, and where his family lived, and if there was such a lake there, and things like that.

There was one other incident of the same kind. We were told to make a conditional sentence, expressing a future consequence. We did it and showed up our bits of paper, and Sampson began looking through them. All at once he got up, made some odd sort of noise in his throat, and rushed out. I noticed that he hadn’t taken any of the papers with him, so we went to look at them on his desk. The top paper on the desk was written in red ink — which no one used — and it wasn’t in anyone’s handwriting who was in the class. I questioned everyone myself! Then I thought of counting the bits of paper: there were seventeen of them on the desk, and sixteen boys in the form. I put the extra paper in my bag and kept it. The phrase on it was simple and harmless enough: ‘If you don’t come to me, I’ll come to you.’ That same afternoon I took it out of my bag — I know for certain it was the same bit of paper, for I made a fingermark on it — and there was no single piece of writing on it!

The next day Sampson was in school again, much as usual. That night the third and last incident in my story happened. We — McLeod and I — slept in a bedroom the windows of which looked out at the main building of the school. Sampson slept in the main building on the first floor. At an hour which I can’t remember exactly, but some time between one and two, I was woken up by somebody shaking me. I saw McLeod in the light of the moon which was looking right into our windows. ‘Come,’ he said, — ‘come, there’s someone getting in through Sampson’s window. About five minutes before I woke you, I found myself looking out of this window here, and there was a man sitting on Sampson’s window-sill, and looking in.’ ‘What sort of man? Is anyone from the senior class going to play a trick on him? Or was it a burglar?!’ McLeod seemed unwilling to answer. ‘I don’t know,’ he said, ‘but I can tell you one thing — he was as thin as a rail, and water was running down his hair and clothing and/ he said, looking round and whispering as if he hardly liked to hear himself, ‘I’m not at all sure that he was alive.’ Naturally I came and looked, and naturally there was no one there.

And next day Mr. Sampson was gone: not to be found, and I believe no trace of him has ever come to light since. Neither McLeod nor I ever mentioned what we had seen to anyone. We seemed unable to speak about it. We both felt strange horror which neither could explain.

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The first time Sally travelled by train was when she

1) had to move to her aunt Alice.

2) had a summer vacation at school.

3) went to Pittsburgh for the first time in her life.

4) visited her aunt Alice together with aunt Winnie.

First Train Trip

I must have been about eight when I made my first train trip. I think I was in second grade at that time. It was midsummer, hot and wet in central Kansas, and time for my aunt Winnie’s annual vacation from the store, where she worked as a clerk six days a week. She invited me to join her on a trip to Pittsburgh, fifty miles away, to see her sister, my aunt Alice. ‘Sally, would you like to go there by train or by car?’ aunt Winnie asked. ‘Oh, please, by train, aunt Winnie, dear! We’ve been there by car three times already!’

Alice was one of my favourite relatives and I was delighted to be invited to her house. As I was the youngest niece in Mother’s big family, the aunties all tended to spoil me and Alice was no exception. She kept a boarding house for college students, a two-storey, brown brick building with comfortable, nicely decorated rooms at the corner of 1200 Kearney Avenue. She was also a world-class cook, which kept her boarding house full of young people. It seemed to me that their life was so exciting and joyful.

Since I’d never ridden a train before, I became more and more excited as the magic day drew near. I kept questioning Mother about train travel, but she just said, ‘Wait. You’ll see.’ For an eight-year-old, waiting was really difficult, but finally the big day arrived. Mother had helped me pack the night before, and my little suitcase was full with summer sundresses, shorts and blouses, underwear and pyjamas. I was reading Billy Whiskers, a fantastic story about a goat that once made a train trip to New York, and I had put that in as well. It was almost midnight when I could go to bed at last.

We arrived at the station early, purchased our tickets and found our car. I was fascinated by the face-to-face seats so some passengers could ride backwards. Why would anyone, I thought, want to see where they’d been? I only wanted to see what lay ahead for me.

Finally, the conductor shouted, ‘All aboard!’ to the people on the platform. They climbed into the cars, the engineer blew the whistle and clanged the bell, and we pulled out of the station.

This train stopped at every town between my home in Solomon and Pittsburgh. It was known as the ‘milk train’ because at one time it had delivered goods as well as passengers to these villages. I looked eagerly at the signs at each station. I’d been through all these towns by car, but this was different. The shaky ride of the coaches, the soft brown plush seats, the smells of the engine drifting back down the track and in through the open windows made this trip far more exotic.

The conductor, with his black uniform and shiny hat, the twinkling signals that told the engineer when to stop and go, thrilled me. To an adult, the trip must have seemed painfully slow, but I enjoyed every minute.

Aunt Winnie had packed a lunch for us to eat along the way as there was no dining car in the train. I was dying to know just what was in that big shopping bag she carried, but she, too, said, ‘Wait. You’ll see.’ Midway, Aunt Winnie pulled down her shopping bag from the luggage rack above our seats. My eyes widened as she opened it and began to take out its contents. I had expected lunch- meat sandwiches, but instead there was a container of fried chicken, two hardboiled eggs, bread and butter wrapped in waxed paper, crisp radishes and slim green onions from Winnie’s garden, as well as rosy sliced tomatoes. She had brought paper plates, paper cups and some of the ‘everyday’ silverware. A large bottle of cold tea was well wrapped in a dishtowel; the ice had melted, but it was still chilly. I cautiously balanced my plate on my knees and ate, wiping my lips and fingers with a large paper napkin. This was living!

When we had cleaned our plates, Aunt Winnie looked into the bag one more time. The best treat of all appeared — homemade chocolate cakes! Another cup of cold tea washed these down and then we carefully returned the remains of the food and silverware to the bag, which Aunt Winnie put into the corner by her feet.

‘Almost there,’ said my aunt, looking out of the window at the scenery passing by. And sure enough, as we pulled into the Pittsburgh station we immediately caught sight of aunt Alice, waiting for us, a smile like the sun lighting up her face, arms wide open. We got off the train and she led us past the taxi rank and the bus stop to her car that was parked near the station. And all the way to her home she was asking about my impressions of my first train trip and I could hardly find the words to express all the thrill and excitement that filled me.

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Why is the collage of photographs more important for Kathy than the other wedding presents?

1) It reminds Kathy of her wedding.

2) Kathy didn’t like the other wedding presents.

3) It was the most expensive present.

4) Kathy’s sister made it for her.

‘Dear Kathy! Chance made us sisters, hearts made us friends.’ This quote is at the center of a collage of photographs — covering our twenty-something years — that now hangs in my office. My sister, Susie, made it for me as a wedding present. It probably cost very little to make (she is a starving college student, after all), but it means more to me than any of the more ‘traditional’ wedding presents my husband and I received from family and friends last June. Whenever I look at the collage, it reminds me of my sister and what a true friend she is.

Susie and I weren’t always close friends. Far from it, in fact. We shared a room for nearly fifteen years when we were younger, and at the time I thought I couldn’t have asked for a worse roommate. She was always around! If we argued and I wanted to go to my room to be alone, she’d follow me right in. If I told her to go away, she’d say right back, ‘It’s my room, too! And I can be here if I want to.’ I’d consult my mother and she usually agreed with Susie. I suppose being three years younger has its benefits.

When we were kids, she’d ‘borrow’ my dolls without asking. (And no toy was safe in her hands.) When we got older, Susie quit borrowing my toys and started borrowing my clothes. That was the final straw. I couldn’t take it anymore. I begged my parents to let me have a room of my own — preferably one with a lock on the door. The answer was always a resounding ‘no.’ ‘Please?!’ I’d beg. My parents would just shake their heads. They didn’t agree with each other on much, but for some reason they had a united front on this issue.

To crown it all, she had this habit of doing everything I did. Choirs, rock bands, sports teams, dance studios: There was no place where I was safe. ‘She looks up to you,’ my mom would say. I didn’t care. I just wanted a piece of my life that didn’t involve my little sister. When I complained to my mother, she’d just smile and say, ‘One day you’ll want her around.’ Sure.

It’s strange how mothers have this habit of being right about everything. When I was sixteen and my sister was thirteen, we went through a series of life-chang- ing events together that would forever change our relationship. First, my parents announced that they were divorcing. My dad packed up and moved to an apartment in New Hampshire — more than a half hour drive away from our cozy house in Massachusetts. He bought me my first car and I often went with Susie to his place when we missed him a lot. During those trips we started discussing our troubles and making plans about how to reunite the family again. But a year later, our father met his future second wife and moved again; this time to Indiana. This meant we could only see him once or twice a year, as opposed to once every few weeks. That was hard.

Yet those few months changed my relationship with my sister forever. We started having more heart-to-heart talks as opposed to silly fights. Over time, she became my most cherished friend. It’s not uncommon for us to have three-hour-long telephone conversations about everything or about nothing-just laughing over memories from childhood or high school.

She’s the only person who’s been through all of the tough stuff that I’ve been through, and the only person who truly understands me. Susie and I have shared so much. She’s been my roommate, my friend, and my partner in crime. We’ve done plays together, gone to amusement parks, sang, and taken long road trips together. We’ve laughed until our sides hurt, and wiped away each others’ tears.

Even though distance separates us now, we’re closer than ever. Sisters share a special bond. They’ve seen all of your most embarrassing moments. They know your deepest, darkest secrets. Most importantly, they love you unconditionally. I’m lucky to be able to say that my little sister is my best friend. I only wish everyone could be so fortunate.

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While he was a teenager, he married a woman some years older than himself. He had three children: the eldest is the daughter and then twins – a son and another girl. In 1587 William went to work in London leaving his family at home. Some people say that the reason was his love of poetry and theatre.

    Write down the words and phrases used in the text

    1. worker, farmer 3. 2 children, 3 children

      listening, reading 4. cinema, theatre

    Complete the sentences according to the text

a) on April 22 b) on April 23 c) on August 23

a) a glove-maker b) a clock-maker c) a shoe-maker

3. At school William learned to love…

a) dancing b) reading c) singing

a) New York b) Cardiff c) London

    Write down if the sentences are true to the text or false

    1. The Globe Theatre was built on the bank of the river Clyde.

    Answer the questions on the text

    Put the sentences in the order they are used in the text

    1. Most of his plays were staged in the Globe Theatre.

      He married a woman some years older than himself.

      William had quite a good education.

      He stopped writing and went to live in Stratford.

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A
 Sad Story

Three men came to New York for their holidays. Their names were Tom, Pete and Andy. They came to a hotel and asked for a room. The friends got a room on the forty-fifth floor.

They went sightseeing, visited the picture gallery and looked into some shops. In the evening they came back to the hotel from the cinema.

The servant in the hotel told them: “ I’m sorry, gentlemen, the lift doesn’t work. If you don’t want to go up to your room, you can sleep here, in the hall. I’ll bring you the bed linen.”

“ No, no”, said the men, “ we shan’t sleep in the hall. We shall go up to our room.” Then Tom said to his friends:” It’s not easy to go up to the forty-fifth floor. I know what we shall do. I shall tell you a lot of jokes. Andy will sing us songs and Pete will tell us an interesting story”.

The three friends went up to their room. They listened to Tom’s jokes, then Andy sang songs. When they came to the thirty-fifth floor, Tom said to Pete: “ Now we shall listen to your long and interesting story.”

“ Yes”, answered Pete, “but my story is short and very sad. I have no key with me. It is on the table in the hall.”

Reading- Comprehension Test

№2

I. Choose the phrases which were used in the text

1. three men, four men 3. Theatre, cinema

2. New York, London 4. Funny stories, jokes

II. Choose the sentences which were used in the text

1. A)The friends got a room on the thirty-fifth floor.

B) The friends got a room on the forty-fifth floor.

2 A) They looked into some shops.

B) They looked into some supermarkets.

3. A) We shall go up to our room.

B) We shall sleep in the hall.

4. A) Andy told interesting stories.

B) Andy sang songs.

III. Complete the sentences according to the text

    Three men came to…

    The friends got a room on the…

    Pete has left the key…

IV. Write down if the sentences are true to the text or false

1. Three men came to a restaurant.

2. Three men visited a picture gallery.

3. They came back from the cinema in the afternoon.

4. Pete will sing songs.

V. Answer the questions on the text

1. Where did three men come to?

2. Why did they go up to their room on foot?

3. Who told jokes?

4. What was Peter’s story?

Summer time is a time for festival in Britain. Join us as we go to three fabulous festivals.

Notting Hill Carnival

The Notting Hill Carnival takes place in the Notting Hill area of London on the last weekend in August. It is a huge multicultural artsfestival and is the largest street festival in Europe. Groups come from all over the world to take part. There’s music, dancing, street theatre and decorated floats. Up to 1.5 million people come to the festival and there’s something for everyone to see and do.

Glastonbury Festival

It’s the world’s biggest open air music festival. The festival covers 1,000 acres of farmland in south-west England. It takes place in June and lasts four days. About 700 acts are played on over 80 stages. There is continual music from 9 o’clock in the morning until 6 o’clock the next morning. Last year 190,000 people attended the festival and paid 200 for a ticket. Hundreds of famous names have performed at Glastonbury. It also supports charities such as Greenpeace, WaterAid
and others. The festival is famous for its rain! In 1997,1998 and 2005 it rained, every day, and the festival-goers danced in the mud.

Eisteddford

Eisteddfod, a celebration of Welsh music and poetry, is the biggest cultural event in Wales and it takes place in the first week of August. There are competitions for all the best singers, choirs and poets. The Gorsedd of the Bards,
an association of the best poets, writers, musicians and artists in Wales, selects the winners. The members of the Gorsedd are called druids and they wear long colourful robes. All the events are in Welsh, but there are headphones with English language translations for anyone who doesn’t understand Welsh!

1. Where does the Notting Hill Carnival take place?

a. in suburbs of London

b. in one of the parts of London

c. in the centre of London

2. Who usually attends this festival?

a. only Londoners

b. British people

c. different people

3. When does Glastonbury host its music event?

a. at the beginning of summer

b. in the middle of summer

c. at the end of summer

4.
What does this festival support?

a. some handicrafts

b. environmental projects

c. foreign people

5.
What is Eisteddfod?

a. it’s only a music festival

b. it’s a folk festival

c. it’s a poetry competition

6. In what language are the events at Eisteddfod?

Niagara Falls is located between Southern Ontario (Canada) and New York State (USA). The first inhabitants who settled in the Niagara Falls region were the Iroquois. They worked as farmers and trades along the banks of the Niagara River. When the first Europeans set foot in the area, they also settled there. The 19th century brought the most important developments to the area. The Village of Manchester (Niagara Falls) became an important centre for manufacturing companies during the early years of the industrial development. Tourists started to arrive in the 1820s and they still visit this after almost two centuries.

The most comfortable way to visit Niagara Falls is a boat trip on the world famous Maid of the Mist. This historical boat tour takes millions of tourists to the Falls from the Canadian to the American side every year. Don’t miss two other important attractions: the White Water Walk, an amazing tour through a deep narrow gorge and the Journey Behind the Falls, a self-guided tour which takes you to an observation platform at the base of the Falls in a lift. You can then go on a short journey through some tunnels which lead you behind the Falls.

After a day of exciting adventure, visit Niagara Square with all its shops, cinemas and boutiques. There are lots of restaurants that serve locally grown products and regional cuisine. At night, experience local clubs with live music and entertainment. Don’t forget the fireworks over the Falls every Friday and Sunday!

1. This information is to help tourists who want to spend a holiday in Canada.

2. You can see the Falls only on board a boat.

3. The first people who made their home there were Europeans.

4. You can taste only local food.

5. You can have a fun at night.

Read the text. Say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

Many people travelling to Mexico pass through Mexico City, but most of them never actually visit Mexico’s capital city. If you asked those people why, they would probably say something about the air. Mexico City is very big, and air pollution is always a problem in big cities. But a lot of its inhabitants say that air pollution is less of problem than in the past.

The historic centre was built on what used to be an island in an ancient lake. It’s the oldest part of the city and includes the Zocalo, the largest public square in the Americans. There is an enormous Mexican flag in the centre of the square.

The best way to see the most sights in the shortest time is to take the ‘Turibus’, a red, two-level bus similar to the double-decker buses in London, except that the top level has no roof. This means that you see the city better, but it also means that you need to wear lots of sun cream. A daily ticket allows you unlimited rides.

The amazing National Museum of Anthropology is located in the Chapultepec Park. It’s perhaps the most famous of the city’s museums and also one of the biggest. Other sights in the park include an amusement park, a forest with beautiful old trees and a large zoo with giant pandas.

Plaza Garibaldi always has street musicians playing traditional Mexican music. There’s also birria, a spicy goat meat soup sold at self- service restaurants in a large building just off the square.

Let’s go to this exciting, beautiful city.

Read the text below to decide if each sentence is correct (True) or incorrect (False)._____________________________________________

1. Most travelers to Mexico spend a lot of time in Mexico City.

2. Mexico City is the capital of Mexico.

3. Air pollution is a problem in Mexico City.

4. The centre of Mexico City used to be under water.

5. The Zocalo is the biggest public square in the world.

6. The Turibus is an efficient and convenient way to see the major sights.

7. Birria is a type of Mexican music.

True False

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In the 1980s Julian Metcalfe and Sinclair Beecham spent a lot of time walking around London looking for a good, fast lunch. They never found one. So in 1986 they opened their own sandwich shop, Pret a Manger.

Today there are 150 Pret a Mangers in the UK and Hong Kong. Why have they become successful? Firstly, the food. Every night a van delivers fresh ingredients to the Pret a Manger stores. Early in the morning the chefs check the ingredients carefully, and then they make fresh sandwiches for the day. And these days it isn’t only sandwiches. Pret a Manger sells many different types of food; it even includes sushi on the menu. Quality and care is important for the company. For people who want to know exactly what they are eating, its website gives information about each dish. For example, if you want to know how many calories are in a ham and cheese sandwich, you can find out.

Pret a Manger also does good things for the community. At the end of the day, charities take any extra unwanted food and give it to homeless people.

McDonald’s owns 33% of the company, and this is one reason why people all over the world now know this trade name.

1. When did the first Pret a Manger open?

a. 1980 b. 1986 c. 1990

2. How is the food made?

b. by chefs in the sandwich shops every day

c. by chefs the night before

3. What does Pret a Manger sell?

a. only sandwiches

b. only sandwiches and sushi

c. sandwiches, sushi and other types of food

4. How can you find information about the calories in each dish?

a. look on the website

b. ask the Pret a Manger workers

c. write to owners

5. What happens to the food that isn’t eaten?

a. they throw it away

b. it is recycled

c. charities take it

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Going to the Theatre

Many big towns in England have professional theatres now. There are about 200 professional theatres in Great Britain but London is the centre of theatrical activity. There are over thirty important theatres in the West End. The Royal Opera House at Covent Garden is the home of opera and ballet.

Some theatres stage ‘classics’ and serious drama. A lot of English people are fond of light comedy and musicals. They are very popular in England.

The evening performances begin at 7.30 or 8.00 p.m. There is a rush hour at this time in the West End. A lot of people come out of nearby underground stations, taxis and private cars drop theatre-goers outside the entrance to each theatre. There is another rush hour when the performances are over.

It is certainly not easy to book a seat for a good play in London though the seats are not cheap. That is why some people prefer matinees (they start at 1-3 p.m.), but you will never see famous stars in these performances.

Complete the sentences based on the text.

1. There are over 200 professional theatres in Britain but London is

a________________.

2. The Royal Opera House is a_________.

3. A lot of English people are fond of________.

4. There is a rush hour in the West End_______.

5. It is not easy to book a seat for a good play in London, though___.

6. Some people prefer matinees but______.

a. not very serious performances.

b. theatrical center.

c. the tickets are very expensive.

d. after the working day.

e. they can’t see famous actors there.

f. place where you can see ballet and opera performances.

Read the text. Say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

The Exercise craze

Old and young, men and women are jogging, dancing, jumping up and down, bending and stretching. Exercise is in fashion. Everybody wants to be fit, feel good, look slim, and stay young.

It started with jogging. Millions of Americans put on their new coloured sports shoes and fashionable jogging suits and ran through the parks or along the streets for half an hour a day. Then the joggers got the marathon craze. Popular marathons are now held everywhere. Lots of people want to see if they can run 42 kms and do it faster than everyone else. The big city marathons, in London and New York, are important sporting events. Television cameras and newspapers report them in detail. Some remarkable people take part in the marathons: seventy-five year old grandfathers and nine year old grandchildren, and even disabled in wheelchairs.

But marathons are not for everyone. Some prefer to get fit at home. For them, there ’s a big choice of books, cassettes and video programmers with music and instructions. Sometimes the action is more like dancing than exercises. That’s why one big company calls it ‘Dancercise’.

Taking exercise is only one part of keeping fit. You’ve got to get slim too. Books and magazines about slimming are bestsellers and these days.

Say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

1. Everybody is doing excercise, old and young, men and women.___

2. Millions of Americans ran through the parks or along the streets.

3. The big city marathons, in London and New York, are important

sporting events.___

4. Everyone takes part in marathons.____

5. People cannot get fit at home.____

Read the text. Say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

Most British and American state schools provide their students with the option to eat lunch at school, but do they provide them with the option to eat well? Jamie Oliver is one of Britain’s most popular stars. He’s a young cook whose TV and cookery programmes are watched by

millions. In his last TV series, he tried to make British school dinner both eatable and healthy. He showed just how poor many school diets were. Many of them contained too many fats and carbohydrates and not enough vitamins. His campaign to get tastier and healthier school meals called Feed me better
has caused politicians to take the problem seriously and promise to improve the quality of food on school dinner plates. Obesity is on the increase in all western countries. The biggest causes are bad diet and people being less active than they were in the past. Some people allege that schools also make the problem worse because they allow the sale of fizzy drinks and sugary snacks in school tuck shops and vending machines. Other people believe that advertising is to blame. UK politicians are promoting a voluntary agreement to stop junk food advertising at times when younger children watch the television.

1. Most teens don’t have healthy food at school______

2. Jamie Oliver is a famous school teacher._______

3. J. Oliver’s aim is to change meal at schools.______

4. Teens are getting fatter in western countries._______

5. School canteens don’t serve fast food.______

6. Adverts teach teens to eat fast food.______

Read the text. Say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

The pack of biscuits

One night there was a woman at the airport who had to wait for several hours before catching her next flight. While she waited she bought a book and a pack of biscuits to spend the time. She looked for a place to sit and waited. She was deep into her book, when suddenly she realized that there was a young man sitting next to her who was stretching his hand, with no concern whatsoever, and grabbing the pack of cookies lying between them. He started to eat them one by one. Not wanting to make a fuss about it she decided to ignore him. The woman, slightly bothered, ate the cookies and watched the clock, while the young and shameless thief of biscuits was also finishing them. The woman started to get really angry at this point and thought, “If I wasn’t such a good and educated person, I would have given this daring man a black eye by now.” Every time she ate a biscuit, he had one too. The dialogue between their eyes continued and when only one biscuit was left, she wondered what was he going to do. Softly and with a nervous smile, the young man grabbed the last biscuit and broke it in two. He offered one half to the woman while he ate the other half. Briskly she took the biscuit and thought, “What an insolent man! How uneducated! He didn’t even thank me!” She had never met anybody so fresh and sighed relieved to hear her flight announced. She grabbed her bags and went towards the boarding gate refusing to look back to where that insolent thief was. After boarding the plane and nicely seated, she looked for her book, which was nearly finished by now. While looking into her bag she was totally surprised to find her pack of biscuits nearly intact. «If my biscuits are here», she thought feeling terribly, «those others were his and he tried to share them with me. Too

late to apologize to the young man». She realized with pain, that it was her who had been insolent, uneducated and a thief, and not him!

Read the story and say if the statements are true (T), false (F) or not mentioned (NM).

1. A young woman at the airport had to wait for several hours before catching her next flight.

2. She bought a book and a pack of cookies.

3. She was reading the book, when suddenly she realized that a young man was eating her biscuits.

4. The woman and the man didn’t want to talk to each other.

5. The man shared the last cookie with the woman.

6. The woman apologized to the young man.

Match the word and the translation.

а. нетронутый

b. осознавать

с. нахальный

e. высокомерный, наглый

f. живо, оживленно

h. суета, шум

Прочитайте текст, ответьте на вопросы после текста

The shoebox

A man and woman had been married for more than 60 years. They had shared everything. They had talked about everything. They had kept no secrets from each other except that the little: old woman had a shoebox in the top of her closet that she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about.

For all of these years, he had never thought about the box, but one day the little old woman got very sick and the doctor said she would not recover.

In trying to sort out their affairs, the little old man took down the shoebox and took it to his wife’s bedside. She agreed that it was timethat he should know what was in the box. When he opened it, he found two knitted dolls and a stack of money totaling $95,000.

He asked her about the contents.

‘When we were to be married,’ she said, ‘ my grandmother told me the secret of a happy marriage was to never argue. She told me that if I ever got angry with you, I should just keep quiet and knit a doll.’

The little old man was so moved; he had to fight back tears. Only two precious dolls were in the box. She had only been angry with him two times in all those years of living and loving. He almost burst with happiness.

‘Honey,’ he said, ‘that explains the dolls, but what about all of this money? Where did it come from?’

‘Oh,’ she said, ‘that’s the money I made from selling the dolls.’

Answer the questions.____________________

1. How long had a man and a woman been married?

2. Who had a little secret?

3. What kind of secret it was?

4. Why did the man take down the shoebox and take it to his wife’s bedside?

5. What was in the box?

6. What secret did grandmother tell me the woman?

7. Do you think the woman often got angry with her husband? Why?

Список использованной литературы:

    Ваулина Ю., УМК «Spotlight-9»(Ю.Ваулина, В.Эванс),Просвещение, 2010.

    Вербицкая М.В., ЕГЭ-2013. Английский язык: тематические и типовые экзаменационные варианты: 25 вариантов / Под ред. М.В. Вербицкой. — М.: Издательство «Национальное образование», 2012. — + CD. — (ЕГЭ-2013. ФИПИ-школе)

    Вербицкая М.В., ЕГЭ-2013. Английский язык: актив-тренинг: выполнение заданий А, В, С / Под ред. М.В. Вербицкой. — М.: Издательство «Национальное образование», 2012. — (ЕГЭ-2013. ФИПИ-школе)

    Вербицкая М.В., ЕГЭ-2013 Английский язык + CD / ФИПИ автор-составитель: М.В. Вербицкая– М.: Астрель, 2012

    Клековкина Е., Учебное пособие для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore Knowles,Елена Клековкина. Macmillan. 2010

    Клековкина Е., Сборник тестов для подготовки к ЕГЭ по англ.яз.E.Klekovkina, Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles. Macmillan. 2010

    Соловова Е.Н., Методика обучения иностранным языкам. Базовый курс. Е.Н. Соловова. 2008

    Соловова Е.Н., State Exam.Maximiser. Подготовка к Экзаменам. Е.Н.Соловова,И.Е. Солокова.Longnan. 2007

    Трубанева Н.Н., ГИА-2013 Экзамен в новой форме. Английский язык. 9 класс/ ФИПИ авторы- составители: Трубанева Н.Н., Бабушис Е.Е., Спичко Н.А. — М.: Астрель, 2012

    www.reshuege.ru, сайт «Решу ЕГЭ»

    www.fipi.ru, сайт «Федеральный институт педагогических измерений».

Приложение № 1

Что делать с незнакомыми словами?

Приготовьтесь к тому, что вам будут встречаться незнакомые слова, и это хорошо. Если новых слов вы в книге не обнаружили, значит, вам лучше взять книгу, посложнее уровнем или на другую тему.

Смотреть в словаре желательно только те слова, без значения которых не понятен общий смысл
предложения или отрывок текста. Если же заглядывать в словарь за каждым незнакомым словом, то чтение из удовольствия превратится в пытку.

Читая бумажную книгу с простым карандашом
 в руках, подчеркивайте незнакомые слова
. Лишь после прочтения определенного количества страниц выписывайте их в тетрадь, блокнот-словарик
, карточки и смотрите значения в толковом словаре на английском.

Обязательно обратите внимание на примеры употребления в конкретных предложениях и идиомы с этим словом.

Когда Вы выписываете незнакомое слово или идиому, то обязательно записывайте всё предложение
, чтобы запомнить
слово в контексте
.

Определите части речи и члены предложения в нем, чтобы запомнить, какие, слова и в какой последовательности употребляются с тем или иным словом.

Приложение №2

Ключи

2-T 3-F 4-F 5-F 6-T 7-

3 -e 4-a 5 -f 6-b

1 — e 2 — c 3-a 4-h 5-f 6-d 7-g 8-b

1 — c 2 -e 3 — b 4-d 5-a

l-b 2-f 3-a 4-d 5-c 6-e

1 — c 2 -a 3-d 4-b

4 — c 5 — f 6 — e 7

3. an old woman had a shoebox in the top of her closet

4. the little old woman got very sick and the doctor said she would not recover.

5. two knitted dolls and $95,000

6. the secret of a happy marriage / She told that if the woman ever got angry with her husband, she should just keep quiet and knit a doll.»

7. Yes, she made $95,000 from selling the dolls.

[Key:
 1. easily learned, 2. really valuable, 3. rarely beaten, 4. quickly growing, 5. surprisingly successful, 6. sadly disappearing, 7. extremely dangerous]

[Key:
 1. working out, 2. top, 3. basics, 4. online, 5. rapidly, 6. explosion, 7. phenomenon, 8. hit, 9. dominated, 10. got the better of, 11. circles, 12. die out, 13. pastimes, 14. dated from, 15. unique, 16. average]

[Key:
 1. got the better of, 2. unique, 3. online, 4. basics, 5. average, 6. hit]

[Key:
 1. A, 2. G, 3. F, 4. E, 5. C, 6. D]

[Key:
1. F, 2. B, 3. A, 4. C, 5. G, 6. E, 7 D]

[Key:
 a. 4, b. 6, c. 5, d. 2, e. 1, f. 3]

[Key:
 1. C, 2. B, 3. G, 4. E, 5. A, 6. D]

Раздел сайта «Английский язык. Подготовка к ЕГЭ и ОГЭ» посвящен подготовке к экзаменам по английскому языку
, в частности к ЕГЭ и ОГЭ. Пользуясь нашими материалами вы сможете подготовиться к экзамену самостоятельно. Удачи!

Как известно, экзамены в формате ОГЭ и ЕГЭ проверяют у старшеклассников 4 вида речевой деятельности:

  1. Чтение
  2. Аудирование
  3. Письмо
  4. Говорение

Задания каждого вида деятельности делится на уровни сложности, которые выявляют соответственно:

  1. активный и пассивный словарный запас учащегося
  2. знание грамматических категорий и использование их на практике.

Экзамен по английскому языку в 9 классе (ОГЭ
) соответствует уровню B1 (Intermediate)
, экзамен по английскому языку в 11 классе (ЕГЭ)
 — уровню B2 (Upper-Intermediate)
, хотя иногда там встречаются задания из повышенных уровней.

Ниже вы найдете материалы для подготовки к ЕГЭ и ОГЭ по английскому языку по следующим разделам
:

Материалы для подготовки к ЕГЭ и ОГЭ по английскому языку

I. Раздел «Cловообразование»

Раздел «Словообразование» является одним из важнейших элементов любого языка и недаром. Понимая как от «работают» суффиксы и префиксы можно расширить свой словарный запас, как минимум в 4 раза. В этом разделе вы найдете большое количество упражнений для отработки суффиксов и префиксов разных частей речи.

II. Раздел «Английские слова по темам»

В данном разделе вы найдете список выражений на английском по экзаменационны
м темам
, которые помогут вам сделать мини-сообщение и ответить на вопросы. Эти выражения также хорошо подойдут для эссе или личного письма, так как уже содержат в себе продвинутую лексику и грамматические конструкции, дающие дополнительные баллы на экзамене.

III. Раздел «ЕГЭ. Устная часть.»

Раздел ниже для тех, кто хочет отработать устный формат экзамена по английскому языку, а именно научиться описывать и сравнивать картинки.
 В прилагаемой презентации вы найдете задания устной части и критерии оценивания вашего ответа.

IV. Раздел «ЕГЭ. Устная часть.»

Из этого раздела вы узнаете, какие изменения произошли в формате экзамена по английскому языку в 9 классе в 2016 году
. Определенно устная часть стала легче и к ней можно подготовиться, следуя рекомендациям ниже.

Статья опубликована при поддержке Компании «KIWI-ZONE». Компания KIWI-ZONE осуществляет поддержку и посредничество российским гражданам в вопросах связанных с бизнесом, покупкой недвижимости и туризмом в Новой Зеландии. А языковые школы Новой Зеландия прекрасно подойдут для людей желающих быстро освоить английский язык. Посетите официальный сайт Компании www.new-zeland.org и ознакомьтесь подробнее с предоставляемыми ею услугами.

Учебный план

№ газеты

Учебный материал

Лекция 1.
 Формат и структура ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

Лекция 2.
 Общие стратегии подготовки к ЕГЭ.

Лекция 3.
 Раздел ЕГЭ “Аудирование”.

Лекция 4.
 Раздел ЕГЭ “Чтение”.
Контрольная работа № 1
(срок выполнения — до 25 ноября 2007 г.

Лекция 5.
Раздел ЕГЭ “Лексика и грамматика.”

Лекция 6.
 Раздел ЕГЭ “Письмо”.
Контрольная работа № 2
 (срок выполнения — до 25 декабря 2007 г.)

Лекция 7.
Устная часть ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Монологическая речь.

Лекция 8.
Устная часть ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Диалогическое высказывание.

Итоговая работа

Лекция 5
Раздел ЕГЭ “Лексика и грамматика”

Система проверяемых знаний, навыков и умений. Типы тестовых заданий в ЕГЭ. Система упражнений для развития лексических и грамматических навыков.

Третий раздел письменной части ЕГЭ по английскому языку «Лексика и грамматика» оценивает сформированность достаточно широкого спектра лексико-грамматических навыков на основе употребления лексических и грамматических единиц в коммуникативно-ориентированных контекстах. Раздел состоит из трёх заданий, в объектах контроля и особенностях технологии выполнения которых нам предстоит разобраться в данной лекции. Прежде всего, обратим внимание на то, что все три задания строятся на основе связных текстов, с прочтения которых (после внимательного изучения инструкции) должна начинаться работа над каждым из субтестов. В отличие от заданий предыдущего раздела ЕГЭ чтение здесь является не целью, а средством проверки и необходимо для предварительной ориентации в тексте перед дальнейшей работой над его языковой стороной.

Задание № 1 раздела
«Грамматика и лексика» ЕГЭ

Проверяет умение использовать в соответствии с контекстом грамматические формы существительных, глаголов, прилагательных, наречий, местоимений, числительных. Тип задания — краткий ответ, для получения которого необходимо заполнить пропуски в тексте грамматически согласующимися с контекстом формами слов, представленных на полях справа от текста.
Приведём пример из демоверсии ЕГЭ 2007 г.

Albert Schweitzer,
a Nobel Peace Prize Winner

Albert Schweitzer is known throughout the world for his missionary work in Africa. He was born on January 14, 1875 in Alsace, which was part of Germany and __________Part of France after World War I.

He was a talented person. By the age of thirty, he __________________ as an author, a lecturer, and a musician.

It was at this time that he learned of the great need of medical doctors in Africa. He decided to become a doctor of medicine. In 1913, Doctor Schweitzer and his wife __________for Africa.

The morning after the Schweitzers arrived, they started to treat their patients in an old farmhouse. However, a new hospital building __________________ with the help and the trust of the African people.

Their work was interrupted by World War I. Only in 1924, Dr. Schweitzer was finally able to return to Lambarene to rebuild
the hospital. When Mrs. Schweitzer came back to Africa in 1929, the hospital was much _________________.

In 1953 Dr. Schweitzer _________________ the Nobel Peace Prize.

He was grateful, but said, “No man has the right to pretend that he __________ enough
for the cause of peace or declare himself satisfied.”

WORK

Из приведённого примера видно, что в данном задании учащиеся должны проявить навыки образования и употребления сравнительной степени прилагательных, пассивной формы глагола в Past Indefinite, глагола в активном залоге в Past Indefinite и Present Perfect. Однако в разных вариантах экзамена спектр объектов контроля может быть значительно шире. В спецификации ЕГЭ по иностранному языку в качестве объектов контроля в данном задании указаны следующие элементы содержания: 5.2.1., 5.2.2., 5.2.3., 5.2.4., 5.2.6. (см. Кодификатор элементов содержания ЕГЭ по английскому языку, лекция №1).
Данный тип тестового задания диктует следующий алгоритм его выполнения: после ознакомительного чтения целого текста для понимания его темы и логики развития повествования учащиеся приступают к внимательному прочтению последовательно каждого предложения и определению требуемого контекстом грамматического значения пропущенного слова. Далее необходимо образовать форму слова, передающую это значение, и вписать её в текст. Для проверки выполненного задания после заполнения пропусков следует ещё раз прочитать весь текст, чтобы убедиться, что смысл всех предложений восстановлен правильно и не нарушена логика текста.
Перед непосредственным выполнением тестового задания учащимся будет полезно проделать ряд подготовительных упражнений для усвоения на практике алгоритма его выполнения. Приведем примеры подобных упражнений из «Сборника тестов для подготовки к ЕГЭ» (изд-во Oxford: Macmillan Education).

TEST 1
Задание из теста:
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Задание 1

Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами
В4 — В11 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения.

The Platypus

In the rivers of south-eastern Australia, you can find an animal called a ‘platypus’. The platypus is one of the __________ animals in the world.

It __________ only in Australia and belongs to a group of animals called ‘monotremes’.

When Europeans first saw an example of the animal in the 1700s, they __________ it was a joke.

They __________ anything like it before and they refused to believe that it was a real animal.

NEVER SEE

A __________ example arrived from Australia, and then more, and the scientists realised that this unusual creature was real.

Today, the platypus __________ in the waters around south-east Australia.

It is not very rare, but some people worry that water pollution could be a problem as the water around Sydney gets __________.

We still __________ much about this mysterious animal and we have a lot to learn.

[Key:
 B4. strangest, B5. exists, B6. thought, B7. had never seen, B8. second, B9. lives, B10. dirtier, B11. do not know / don’t know]

Подготовительные упражнения:
1. Quickly read the text and answer the questions.


Как уже было отмечено выше, тестовые задания № 1 в рассматриваемом разделе ЕГЭ оценивают умение использовать грамматические формы в цельном связном тексте, без понимания содержания которого невозможно определить значения отдельных его частей. Данное упражнение настраивает учащихся на прочтение целого текста перед тем, как приступать к работе над отдельными предложениями.
1. In which country can you find the platypus?
________________
2. Does the platypus live in other countries?
________________
3. When did Europeans first see the platypus?
________________
4. Is the platypus a rare animal?
________________
5. Do we know a lot about the platypus?
________________

2. Complete the table.


Может показаться, что данное упражнение не вызовет затруднений даже у самых слабых учащихся старших классов. Без сомнения, порядковые числительные в пределах первого десятка знают все. Однако обратим внимание на то, что упражнение призывает учащихся обратить внимание на орфографию слова. В разделе «Грамматика и лексика» неправильное написание слова (например, forth вместо fourth или nineth вместо ninth) ведёт за собой потерю балла за тестовый вопрос.

TEST 5
Задание из теста:

Задание 1
Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В4 — В11 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения.

The Automobile

Cars are a common sight on roads today, but that wasn’t always true. Back in the days before the car ___________________, the only personal means of transport were the horse and the bicycle.

The first cars ____ their power from steam and gas, and had a maximum speed of around nine miles an hour.

In Britain, there was a law ________cars from going over 2 miles an hour in towns.

At the end of the nineteenth century, cars started to use petrol and became much ________________ than they had been.

Very few people at that time said that cars ______________ the world in the future.

That is exactly what has happened, though, and since then we ________close to 18 million miles of roads on the Earth.

Perhaps the _________________ sign of the success of the car is the fact that there are over 800 million of them in the world.

However, having more cars on the road ________________ more pollution, and that’s a major worry for many people.

[Key:
 B4. was invented, B5. got, B6. stopping, B7. faster, B8. would change, B9. have built, B10. biggest, B11. means]

Подготовительные упражнения:

1. Read the text. For each gap in the text

B4 — B11
, decide whether the following statements are true or false.


Упражнение способствует тому, чтобы в данном типе задания перед заполнением пропусков в тексте учащиеся привыкали внимательно прочитывать предложение с пропуском, понимать его смысл и определять, какое грамматическое значение должно быть передано пропущенной единицей контекста.

1 (B4)
We need the passive voice.

2 (B5)
 We need the past progressive
to express a fact about the past.

3 (B6)
We need the simple past because
this is an action in the past.

4 (B7)

5 (B8)
This is the future in the past,
so we need to use would.

6 (B9)
We need the past simple to go
with since.

7 (B10)
 We need a comparative form
using -er.

8 (B11)
 We need a verb in the plural
because cars is plural.

[Key:
 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. T; 5. T; 6. F; 7. F; 8. F]

2. Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence. Use the words in bold to help you.


Данное упражнение привлекает внимание учащихся к грамматическим формам и лексическим единицам контекста, которые служат сигналами, помогающими восстановить смысл предложения и правильно определить грамматическое значение пропущенного слова.

1. Since
the start of the 20th century, cars ______very popular.
A. became; B. have become; C. were becoming

2. Cars now are much ________________than
they used to be.
A. quick; B. quicker; C. quickest

3. In 1900, Mr. Daimler said
 that in the future
 everyone __________________a car.
A. drove; B. will drive; C. would drive

4. Driving
fast near schools ______________more chance of an accident.
A. mean; B. means; C. is meaning

[Key:
 1. B; 2. B; 3. C; 4. B]

Задание № 2 раздела
«Грамматика и лексика» ЕГЭ

По своему дизайну первое и второе задание в рассматриваемом разделе экзамена одинаковы. Однако в задании №2 объектом контроля является умение использовать не формообразующие, а словообразовательные аффиксы английского языка (см. элемент содержания 5.3.1. кодификатора). Тип задания — краткий ответ, для получения которого необходимо заполнить пропуски в тексте лексически и грамматически согласующимися с контекстом словами, преобразуя с помощью словообразовательных элементов слова, представленные на полях справа от пропусков. После выполнения данного задания необходимо внести слова, вписанные в пропуски в тексте, в бланки ответов строго под соответствующими номерами (то же самое необходимо сделать по выполнении первого задания).

Tourism in Britain

Every year more than eleven million tourists visit Britain. In fact, tourism is an __________________ industry, employing thousands of people.

IMPORTANCE

Most ________________ come in the summer months when they can expect good weather.

Tourists __________________ spend a few days in London, then go on to other well-known cities.

Perhaps the least visited places in England are old ______________________ towns.

INDUSTRY

But many people think that nineteenth-century cities show the _________________of Britain.

Приведённый пример (демонстрационный вариант 2007 г.) показывает, что в данном задании учащиеся должны образовать слово, а не форму слова (как это требуется в первой части раздела «Грамматика и лексика»): importance — important, usual — usually, industry — industrial и т.д. Как правило, здесь учащиеся оперируют только словообразовательными аффиксами, однако следует обратить внимание на то, что в некоторых (редких) случаях контекст может требовать использования и соответствующих формообразующих аффиксов: visit — visitors.
Данному типу тестового задания соответствует следующий алгоритм его выполнения:
1. Ознакомительное чтение целого текста для понимания его основного содержания (как и в первом задании, чтение выступает здесь как средство для дальнейшего восстановления пропущенных единиц).
2. Внимательное прочтение каждого предложения, восстановление по его смыслу значения пропущенной единицы, определение грамматической категории, к которой она принадлежит (какая часть речи пропущена?).
3. Использование соответствующего аффикса (или аффиксов) для образования нужной лексической единицы.
4. Прочтение текста после заполнения всех пропусков для проверки правильности его восстановления.

Знание словообразовательных аффиксов английского языка и навык их использования необходимы как в рецептивных, так и в продуктивных видах речевой деятельности. Развитию этой части лингвистического компонента коммуникативной компетенции учащихся следует уделять должное внимание на старшем этапе обучения в средней школе.
«Сборник тестов для подготовки к ЕГЭ» (изд-во Oxford: Macmillan Education) в каждом из включённых в его состав 20 тестов содержит задания, аналогичные приведённому нами примеру из демонстрационного варианта ЕГЭ 2007 г. Эти задания (а также сопровождающие их подготовительные упражнения) помогают учащимся вспомнить широкий спектр словообразовательных аффиксов, потренироваться в их использовании в коммуникативно-ориентированных контекстах, а также на практике освоить алгоритм выполнения задания в формате ЕГЭ.
Приведём пример одного из подобных заданий и подготовительных упражнений из упомянутого сборника.

TEST 2
Задание из теста:
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Задание 2
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после номеров
B12 — B18 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
B12 — B18.

Before the ____________ of the hot air balloon, no human had ever successfully flown above the ground.

Two ____________ brothers, Josef and Etienne Montgolfier, were responsible for designing the world’s first hot air balloon.

The first successful ____________ was in 1783, and the Montgolfier brothers immediately

became ______________ throughout the world.

The design of hot air balloons is based on the _____________ law that hot air rises. A burner at the bottom of the balloon provides the

As the air inside the balloon gets hotter, the balloon takes off. Its height above the ground is determined by how

hot the air inside is and its
______________ of travel depends on the wind.

Подготовительные упражнения:

Read the text with questions

B12 — B18
 in Section 3. Grammar and vocabulary. For each gap, decide what kind of word (noun, adjective, etc.) fills each gap.

B12 _____________
B13 _____________
B14 _____________
B15 _____________
B16 _____________
B17 _____________
B18 _____________

[Key:
B12. noun; B13. adjective; B14. noun; B15. adjective; B16. adjective; B17. noun; B18. noun]

Complete the table:

inventor
invention

fly
flight
flyer

director
direction

Задание № 3 раздела
«Грамматика и лексика» ЕГЭ

Объектом контроля в данном задании служат лексико-грамматические навыки. Тип задания — выбор ответа из четырёх предложенных. В задании требуется заполнить пропуски в тексте лексическими единицами, соответствующими контексту. После выполнения задания необходимо отметить выбранный вариант в части А бланка ответов (верхняя часть бланка) под соответствующим номером.

“It’s Only Me”

After her husband had gone to work, Mrs. Richards sent her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom. She was too excited to do any housework A22
 ____________ that morning, because in the evening she would be going to a fancy dress party with her husband. She intended to dress up as a ghost and she had made her costume the night before.
Now she was A23
______________ to try it on. Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective. Mrs. Richards put it A24
 _________, looked in the mirror, smiled and went downstairs. She wanted to find out whether it would be
A25
 ___________ to wear.
Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dining-room, there was a A26
 ____________________ on the front door. She knew that it must be the baker. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table. Not wanting to A27
______________________ the poor man,
Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small store-room under the stairs. She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the store-room was opened and a man entered. Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read the meter. She tried to A28
 _________________________ the situation, saying “It’s only me”, but it was too late. The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces. When Mrs. Richards walked towards him, he ran away, slamming the door behind him.
A22

1) show; 2) performance; 3) party; 4) programme

A23

1) nervous; 2) restless; 3) ill at ease; 4) impatient

A24

1) up; 2) on; 3) over; 4) down

A25

1) attractive; 2) exciting; 3) comfortable; 4) cozy

A26

1) knock; 2) kick; 3) hit; 4) crash

A27

1) fear; 2) worry; 3) disturb; 4) frighten

A28

1) describe; 2) explain; 3) interpret; 4) clear

Из приведённого примера (демоверсия ЕГЭ 2007 г.) видно, что в данном задании оценивается знание и умение пользоваться лексико-грамматической сочетаемостью лексических единиц в контексте. Для успешного выполнения задания необходимо различать нюансы близких по значению лексических единиц и понимать, какое из этих значений востребовано контекстом. Кроме того, важно учитывать, с какими структурными языковыми единицами может сочетаться слово в контексте (предлогами, инфинитивом, герундием и т.д.)
Система тестовых заданий и подготовительных упражнений для совершенствования упомянутых лексико-грамматических навыков и умений, а также для знакомства с алгоритмом выполнения тестового задания представлена в упомянутом нами сборнике тестов для подготовки к ЕГЭ.
Приведём пример одного из заданий и упражнений к нему.

TEST 4
Задание из теста:
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Задание 3
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами
А21 — А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям
А21 — А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

How was Jackson going to A21
______________ rid of Simon? That was the question that had kept him awake for the previous three nights, and which he pondered as he now walked home from work. It had all started so innocently, as a favour to a friend.
‘Could you put me A22
_______________, Jackson?’ Simon had asked. ‘Just for a couple of nights.’ Jackson of course had said yes, thinking that it would be just for two nights. How wrong he had been.
Now, more than four months on, Simon was still in the flat and there seemed little evidence to suggest he was A23
 ______________ to leave. The evidence, in fact, pointed to quite the opposite conclusion. Simon seemed to have A24
 ________________ in so comfortably, Jackson wondered sometimes if it was actually Simon’s flat, and he, Jackson, was the one staying there as the guest.
Jackson knew he should A25 _
_____________ his feelings clear to Simon — that he valued his own privacy, that he didn’t want to live with someone else on a permanent basis, that he felt Simon was abusing his hospitality — but the truth was he was scared. Not scared of how Simon would react physically, but scared that Simon would take offence, and would A26
 ___________________ him of being selfish and not caring about a friend who was in trouble. And Simon was in trouble. With no job, no money and nowhere else to stay, where would Simon go if Jackson A27
 ________________ him out? ‘Maybe I am being selfish,’ Jackson thought, ‘but the situation just can’t go on like this.’
He made the decision to bring the subject up sometime that evening. ‘I won’t ask him to leave immediately,’ he reasoned. ‘That would be unfair, and would put him in a difficult A28
___________.
But I’ll explain that the whole arrangement was meant to be temporary, has gone on for a very
long time now, and that, while it’s been nice
having Simon as a flatmate it just can’t go on indefinitely.’
For the rest of the walk home, he rehearsed exactly what he was going to say.

A21

1) have; 2) get; 3) take; 4) set

A22

1) in; 2) out; 3) over; 4) up

A23
1) intending; 2) assuming; 3) devising;
4) conceiving

A24

1) settled; 2) established; 3) launched; 4) relaxed

A25

1) convey; 2) express; 3) make; 4) tell

A26

1) charge; 2) condemn; 3) blame; 4) accuse

A27

1) let; 2) sent; 3) threw; 4) did

A28

1) location; 2) position; 3) point; 4) site

[Key:
 A21. 2; A22. 4; A23.1; A24. 1; A25. 3; A26.4; A27. 3; A28.2]

Подготовительные упражнения:

1. Read the text with gaps
A21 — A28 in Section 3. Grammar and vocabulary and answer the questions.


В рассматриваемом тестовом задании особенно важно внимательно прочесть текст и понять смысл контекста для точного определения значений пропущенных слов. Данное упражнение формирует необходимое для выполнения задания умение прогнозировать содержание пропущенной части по окружающему контексту.

1. How was Jackson going to A21
____________ rid of Simon?
Jackson wants Simon to:
a. leave.
b. stay.

2. ‘Could you put me A22
 _______________, Jackson?’
Simon is asking Jackson for:
a. financial help.
b. somewhere to stay.

3 …there seemed little evidence to suggest he was A23
_______________ to leave.
The word that fits in the gap probably means:
a. creating.
b. planning.

4 Simon seemed to have A24
 ________________in so comfortably…
This suggests that Simon was treating the flat as if:
a. it was his home.
b. he was a temporary guest.

5 Jackson knew he should A25
_______________his feelings clear to Simon…
Jackson knew he should:
a. tell Simon exactly how he felt.
b. change how he felt about Simon.

[Key:
 1. a; 2. b; 3. b; 4. a; 5. a]

2. Circle the correct word to complete the patterns.


Знание и навык использования фразовых глаголов — один из объектов контроля в тестовом задании № 3 раздела «Грамматика и лексика» ЕГЭ. Именно этот навык необходим для правильного выбора ответа на тестовый вопрос А26 приведённого нами тестового задания из сборника тестов. В подготовительном упражнении внимание учащихся привлекается к тому, что выбор ответа зависит от содержащегося в контексте послелога.

1. charge someone with/for
 (doing) something
2. condemn someone with/for
(doing) something
3. blame someone with/for
 (doing) something
4. accuse someone for/of
 (doing) something

[Key:
 1. with; 2. for; 3. for; 4. of]

Контрольные вопросы:

1. Из каких заданий состоит раздел ЕГЭ «Грамматика и лексика»?
2. Какие навыки и умения являются объектами контроля в данных заданиях?
3. Каков алгоритм выполнения заданий в разделе?
4. Почему важно начинать каждое из заданий с прочтения текста, предъявляемого в задании?
5. Что необходимо знать и уметь для заполнения пропусков в текстах в первом задании, во втором задании, в третьем задании?

Что следут учитывать при выполнении заданий В11 – В16 (Словообразование)?

При выполнении данного задания проверяются навыки словообразования
– знание состава слова и основного способа словообразования — аффиксации
, т.е. образования слов при помощи приставок и суффиксов.

  • Прочитав предложение, переведите его на русский язык и определите, какая часть речи пропущена
    . Это может быть имя существительное, глагол, отглагольные формы ( , причастие), имя прилагательное, наречие, местоимение, числительное. Например, если это существительное, то перед пропуском может стоять артикль или артикль или прилагательное, если это наречие, то оно, как правило, стоит после глагола и т.д.
  • Определите, имеет ли слово отрицательное или положительное значение
    . В случае отрицательного значения вам нужно подобрать соответствующую этомк слову отрицательную приставку или суффикс.
  • Далее необходимо изменить слово, стоящее справа и соответствующее пропуску, в нужную форму. Например, в предложении «It was a large-scale, programme-controlled machine which could make a very complex _____.
     CALCULATE


    »

    пропущенное слово – имя существительное, так как перед пропуском стоит прилагательное с артиклем. Неопределенный артикль указывает на то, что пропущенное слово – имя существительное в единственном числе – «
    calculation

    »
    .

  • Выполнив задания, прочитайте весь текст еще раз, чтобы убедиться в правильности образованных форм. Перенесите свои ответы в Бланк ответов.

Возьмите на заметку!!!

Для подготовки к выполнению заданий В11-В16 повторите приставки и суффиксы, которые используются для образования различных частей речи. Можно воспользоваться следующими ресурсами:

Обязательно выполните упражнения на правила словообразования в вашем школьном учебнике. Также можно воспользоваться онлайн ресурсами:

Какова стратегия выполнения заданий А22 –А28 (повышенный уровень)?

Задания А22-А28
 относятся к заданиям повышенного уровня. При их выполнении проверяется знание лексики английского языка, при этом акцент делается на сочетаемости слов
. Вам предлагается текст с пропусками; для каждого пропущенного слова представлен множественный выбор из четырех лексических единиц
.

  • Прочитайте весь текст
    , чтобы понять его общее содержание. Посмотрите на варианты слов для заполнения пропуска.

Например, для предложения «

She

 was

 too

 excited

 to

 do

 any

_______

that

 morning

»


вам предложены следующие слова: А)

homework

; Б)

household

; В)

housework

; Г)

housewife

.
 Сразу же исключаем варианты Б)
 и Г)
: household


– домочадцы, дом, хозяйство;

housewife

 – домашняя хозяйство

. Чтобы выбрать правильный вариант из двух оставшихся, нужно знать значение слов: А)

homework


 и В)

housework

. Homework


 – домашнее задание, уроки, домашняя работа. Housework


– работа по дому, работа по хозяйству. Следовательно, правильный вариант — housework

: Она была слишком взволнована, чтобы заниматься какими-либо домашними делами

.

  • После выполнения заданий перенесите ответы в Бланк ответов.

Возьмите на заметку!!!

Конечно, для выполнения заданий повышенной сложности нужно обладать хорошим словарным запасом
. Нужно знать лексическую сочетаемость
 слов.

Для успешного выполнения заданий повышенной сложности следует повторить разделы школьного учебника, в которых представлена тематическая лексика, фразовые глаголы, устойчивые словосочетания, предложные фразы. Необходимо практиковаться в выполнении упражнений с множественным выбором. Для этого также можно обратиться к интернет-ресурсам:

Вам также следует иметь хорошие орфографические навыки. Помните, что если допущена орфографическая ошибка, то вариант ответа не засчитывается. Каким образом научиться писать без орфографических ошибок? Самый лучший способ — писать диктанты. Например, вы можете выучить наизусть фрагмент текста из учебника английского языка, после чего воспроизведите его в письменной форме, проговаривая его вслух.
Написанный текст сверьте с оригиналом.

Welcome to Mr Aslanov’s CEFR lessons  

Get guaranteed intensive CEFR courses at “SUCCESS EDU” Call and join now: + 998 94 633 32 30          

READING PRACTICE TEST — MATCHING HEADINGS – TEST 12 

A. Capital Punishment    

E. Frightening Changes 

B. Shoplifting  

F. LongTerm Effect 

C. Crime Prevention  

D. Kidnapping  

H. Guilty or Not Guilty? 

Q1. The presumption of innocence is a legal right that the accused in criminal trials has in many modern 

countries. The burden of proof is thus on the prosecution. It has to collect and present enough compelling 

evidence to convince the jury of the fact that be yond a reasonable doubt the accused has broken the law. In 

case of remaining doubts, the accused is to be acquitted. 

Q2. Sarah and Lisa always enjoyed hanging out at the mall. But one Saturday, after shopping for jeans, 

Sarah pulled a new shirt out of her bag. Lisa didn’t remember seeing her buy it. ‘I didn’t,’ Sarah told her. ‘I 

lifted it.’ Lisa was upset and puzzled. Stealing didn’t seem like something Sarah would do. Sometimes 

people do not realize the consequences of this crime.  

Q3. Even families living in so-called ‘safe’ neighbourhoods are concerned. They may feel safe today, but 

there is always a reminder that violence can intrude at any moment. Polly Klaas and her family no doubt 

felt safe in Petaluma, California. But on October 1, 1993, she was abducted from her suburban home 

during a sleepover. If she can be abducted and murdered, so can nearly any other child. 

Q4. The Internet is a great place to find information, make friends, keep in touch with others, and do 

business. There always are other sides as long as there is a criminal element. As our world becomes more 

computerized and ever more interconnected, different kinds of computer crimes will continue to grow. 

These include break-ins of computers to get trade secrets or illegal entry for the thrill and challenge. 

Q5. Movie violence these days is louder and bloodier than ever before. When a bad guy was shot in a black 

and white Western, the most we saw was a puff of smoke and a few drops of fake blood. Now the sights, 

sounds, and special effects often jar us more than the real thing. Slow motion and pyrotechnics conspire to 

make movies and TV shows more gruesome than ever. 

Q6. University of Illinois psychologist Leonard Eron studied children at age eight and then again at 

eighteen. He found that television habits established at the age of eight influenced aggressive behaviour 

through childhood and adolescent years. The more violent were the programs preferred by boys in the third 

grade, the more aggressive was their behaviour, both at that time and ten years later. 

Q7. In the debate about execution and human dignity, supporters and opponents of the death penalty have 

found very little common ground. Since the 18th century, those who wish to abolish the death penalty have 

stressed the significance of requiring govern ments to recognize the importance of each individual. 

However, supporters of this penal practice see nothing wrong with governments deliberately killing terrible 

people who commit terrible crimes. 

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READING PRACTICE TEST — MATCHING HEADINGS – TEST 13 

A. Recognize Your Limitations  

E. Plan Your Work 

B. Take a Rest  

F. Stay Calm Under Pressure 

C. Clear Out Distractions  

G. Work With Interest 

D. Have Help Handy  

Q1. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a big 

tree outside allow you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the 

kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to encounter friends, or even your own room, as it’s 

usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what 

you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to 

any successful session of work. 

Q2. Making your work relate to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium associated 

with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it. 

Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your favourite historical 

battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As long as you meet all the 

requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose. 

Q3. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something, watch 

a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a little bit. 

Trying to work too long at too hard a pace without a break is only going to spoil your work in the end, as 

you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semifrequent breaks proportional to the 

amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up. 

Q4. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various 

assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down 

worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means 

that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class. 

Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s 

always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points. 

Q5. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most 

immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most 

pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to 

easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on one 

task is the key to any successful session of work. 

Q6. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is 

extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense 

you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day when 

you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t proud 

of.  

Q7. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your 

assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start an 

assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents for 

advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is the 

difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should care 

about your college marks. 

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READING PRACTICE TEST — MATCHING HEADINGS – TEST 14 

A. Health Problem  

E. The Price of Success 

B. Significant Difference  

C. Fashions in Food  

G. Strong Competitor 

D. New Weapon    

H. Psychological Barrier 

Q1. Nowadays, potatoes are the ‘in’ thing so far as health is concerned. In the 60s and 70s we were told to 

avoid them at all costs for fear of getting fat, but now they have been reinvented by the dieticians as a 

source of fibre and vitamins. Sensible people, like you and me, have always eaten them because they taste 

so good.  

Q2. Organizing a holiday isn’t the easiest task in the world; there are so many things to think about. Let’s 

keep it simple by assuming that there’s no overseas travel to arrange. That doesn’t mean that you can also 

forget about injections and other health precautions entirely. What about sun blocker? What about regular 

medication prescribed by your doctor? My point, quite frankly, is that planning a holiday can be a real pain 

although a well-planned holiday can more than reward the pains you go to before you set out. 

Q3. Symantec, McAfee and Trend Micro have the US market for antivirus software sewed up between 

them. But here comes Russia’s Kaspersky Lab trying to gain a foot hold. The Moscow-based company 

opened a sales office outside of Boston in February and has signed up about 40 resellers. Kaspersky reacts 

quicker than the giants to new viruses and other forms of malware, and gets fixes out fast. 

Q4. Sitting in the office armchairs all-day long has become the norm for many of us. Stress and rush make 

us forget about regular food and stuff our stomachs with cheese burgers and sodas, which don’t do any 

good to our bodies. As a result, we rarely find time for exercises, gyms or balanced nutrition and it’s one of 

the reasons why a lot of people are overweight nowadays. However, it is possible to change your lifestyle 

and lose your weight if you are willing to. 

Q5. The Internet is a very effective medium for spreading ideas or news. It eliminates geographical 

boundaries, and Greenpeace is aware of it, and benefits from it. For instance, in 1995, Greenpeace utilised 

its site to publicise a route that the French use to send nuclear shipments to Japan. They also included the 

fax number of the French Embassy and of the newspaper Le Monde so that letters of protest could be sent. 

Q6. The biggest problem most people face in learning a new language is their own fear, like Stage Fear. 

They worry that they won’t say things correctly or that they will look stupid so they don’t talk at all. Don’t 

do this. Actually, the fastest way to learn anything is to do it — again and again until you get it right. Like 

anything, learning English requires practice. Don’t let your fear stop you from getting what you want. 

Q7. Fuel cells are similar to a battery except unlike batteries, they don’t need to be recharged. Fuel causes 

air pollution and noise, while fuel cells do not cause either. Fuel cells don’t cause pollution because they 

don’t create waste like fuel. Fuel cells are also very efficient, so efficient that fuel cells have been 

providing energy on spacecrafts for a very long time. 

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READING PRACTICE TEST — MATCHING HEADINGS – TEST 15 

A. Changing Habits  

E. Popular but Useless 

B. Eating Out  

F. Plan Your Diet Carefully 

C. Foreign Food  

G. Eating Together 

D. Diet Dangers  

H. Food Safety 

Q1. A quick look at junk food facts tells us junk food and diets do not go hand in hand. Junk foods are also 

called ‘empty calorie’ foods and have no nutritional value. Nevertheless, they are enjoyed by lots of people 

because of their simplicity to manufacture, consume and, of course, their taste. Chocolates, burgers, pizzas, 

potato wafers and fries will surely find their way into everyone’s heart. 

Q2. Thai cuisine is one of the healthiest foods you can eat. In fact, several Thai dishes, such as Tom Yum 

Soup, are currently under scientific study for their incredible health benefits. Of course, it’s already known 

that many of the fresh herbs and spices used in Thai cooking — such as turmeric, galangal, coriander, 

lemongrass, and fresh chillies — have immune-boosting and disease-fighting power. 

requires a little extra attention. Because vegetarians eliminate certain foods from their diets, they often 

need to work to add foods into their diet that will provide the nutrients found in meat products. If properly 

planned, vegetarian diets can provide all the nutrients you need. 

Q4. It’s actually easy to make good choices at a fast-food restaurant or the cafeteria. Most cafeterias and 

fast-food places offer healthy choices that are also tasty, like grilled chicken or salads. Be mindful of 

portion sizes and high fat add-ons, like dressings, sauces or cheese. Most restaurant portions are larger than 

the average serving of food at home. Ask for half portions or take half of your dish home. 

Q5. Family meals are making a comeback. Shared family meals are more likely to be nutritious, and kids 

who eat regularly with their families are less likely to snack on unhealthy foods and more likely to eat 

fruits and vegetables. Teens who take part in regular family meals are less likely to smoke, drink alcohol, 

or use drugs. Beyond health and nutrition, family meals provide a valuable opportunity to reconnect. 

Q6. Families are cooking more meals at home, cutting back on take away in the face of the economic 

downturn. In addition to cutting back on take away and eating out, families have begun cooking more 

vegetarian meals and are adding vegetables, lentils and baked beans to allow them to cut back on meat 

quantity. Consumers also indicate that they are likely to prepare meals that can be spread across more than 

one mealtime. 

Q7. In recent years it has become common practice for celebrities and stars to publicize food products. 

Businesses take advantage of consumers’ mentality of ‘following the stars’ and invite celebrities and stars 

to perform ‘false advertising’ so as to mislead or even deceive consumers. The law stipulates that those 

who publicize ‘faulty food prod ucts’ will share responsibility with food producers and sellers. 

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READING PRACTICE TEST — MATCHING HEADINGS – TEST 16 

A. Gifted Children Always Become Famous  

E. Contrary to Popular Belief 

B. Awareness of Giftedness  

F. Gifted Children Have no Support 

C. Special Attitude is Required  

G. Identifying the Gifted Child 

D. Lack of Challenge May Cause Problems   

H. Being Gifted Is not Always Easy 

Q1. Gifted children’s behaviour differs from that of their agemates. Many gifted children learn to read 

early, with better comprehension of the nuances of language. As much as half of the gifted and talented 

population has learned to read before entering school. They can work independently at an earlier age and 

can concentrate for longer periods. They like to learn new things, are willing to examine the unusual, and 

are highly inquisitive. 

Q2. Being academically gifted is a topic laced with myths and fears, many of which are unfounded. 

Moreover, academically gifted children often face special problems. So do their parents. Schools treat 

those children differently from those whose talents lie in other areas, like music, art, and sports. Gifted 

children may also be learning disabled, or have another disability while being highly intelligent. 

Q3. Social and emotional difficulties are not directly linked to giftedness. Rather, they result from a lack of 

understanding by the child of the nature of their intellectual difference. Parents and teachers don’t usually 

discuss this difference with them because of the concern that they may get a ‘swelled head’. The risk is that 

gifted children may view their differences as ‘weird’ or ‘bad’ or try to ignore or deny them. 

Q4. Most of the athletes are allowed to develop their special skills at whatever rate best suits them. No one 

tries to stop them from becoming much better baseball players or swimmers than their classmates. Yet if an 

academically gifted child tries to do two years of work in one, that’s viewed as potentially harmful. Much 

of the concern focuses on the nonacademic areas of these gifted children’s development. 

Q5. Researchers emphasize that for the vast majority of academically gifted children those concerns are 

groundless. In fact, these children are more likely to develop social and even academic problems if they 

don’t feel intellectually challenged. If gifted children don’t go to challenging programs, they may not learn 

how to learn. Eventually, in college or graduate school, they feel emotionally overwhelmed when they 

can’t just coast through their courses anymore. 

Q6. Gifted children represent both a challenge and a resource for schools. Educators have a responsibility 

to provide programs to meet the educational needs of gifted students who are capable of learning at 

advanced levels. Ideally, schools should have specifically trained teachers for gifted students to create a 

challenging and supportive learning environment for these children. 

Q7. Gifted children are often viewed as ‘the smart ones’ who should know everything. Yet, being gifted 

does not mean they possess great abilities in every area. Albert Einstein was 4 years old before he spoke a 

word. Winston Churchill failed the 6th grade, and Leo Tolstoy flunked out of college. What do these three 

famous people have in common? In fact, they are all considered gifted, and in some cases, geniuses. 

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READING PRACTICE TEST — MATCHING HEADINGS – TEST 17 

A. Unexpected Tech Failure    

E. Saving Time And Money 

B. Military Use    

F. Other Side of the Coin 

C. World Without Drivers  

G. Robotic Future 

D. Health Benefits  

Q1. Globally released worldwide, Microsoft Vista hit the markets in early 2007. Its ideology was to 

enhance the security system of the personal computer. But the security features weren’t all that better than 

its previous versions’, according to many software critics. Vista is also not compatible on all sorts of PC’s 

and runs slower compared to Windows XP. All of this prevented Vista from being a better version and it 

never took off like the company had hoped. 

Q2. A couple centuries ago, if you wanted to record a moment for posterity, you sat around for hours or 

days while someone painted it. Up until ten years ago, you were at the mercy of photo developers charging 

20 cents or more to help preserve your memories. Now you can record countless images and store them 

electronically for all of eternity at virtually no cost per picture. 

Q3. With technology advancing at the pace it is today, we have to believe that by the end of the century we 

won’t be driving our cars around the city. Rather, we will just be sitting on the then historic driver’s seat 

and doing some work. While the concept looks futuristic, industrial designer Kubik Petr believes that 

nothing seems impossible with modern technology at hand. 

Q4. The Kenguru is designed only for the disabled. Previously car manufacturers would design cars for the 

disabled but not specifically for them. This Hungarian company is taking it to the next step, the disabled 

will be able to open the rear of the car and just roll in the driving position, secure their wheelchair — 

without never having to leave their chair. 

Do’stlaringiz bilan baham:

См. также в других словарях:

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  • Недовольство культурой — Статьи на тему Психоанализ Концепции Метапсихология Психосексуальное развитие Психосоциальное развитие Сознание • Предсознание Бессознательное Психический аппарат Оно • Я • Сверх Я Либидо • Вытеснение Анализ сновидений Защитный механизм Перенос • …   Википедия

  • Неравенство — О неравенствах в социально экономическом смысле см. Социальное неравенство. В математике неравенство (≠) есть утверждение об относительной величине или порядке двух объектов, или о том, что они просто не одинаковы (см. также Равенство).… …   Википедия

  • Список частиц — Это список частиц в физике элементарных частиц, включающий не только открытые, но и гипотетические элементарные частицы, а также составные частицы, состоящие из элементарных частиц. Содержание 1 Элементарные частицы 1.1 Стандартная модель …   Википедия

  • Классификация элементарных частиц — Это список частиц в физике элементарных частиц, включающий не только открытые, но и гипотетические элементарные частицы, а также составные частицы, состоящие из элементарных частиц. См. также «Хронология открытий элементарных частиц» … …   Википедия

  • Список произведений Агаты Кристи — Это список произведений английской писательницы Агаты Кристи. В целях правильной сортировки в названиях удалены кавычки, а артикли поставлены в конец (артикль не является словом, следовательно производить индексацию по нему нельзя). Для… …   Википедия

  • Мамма Миа! (фильм) — Это статья о фильме. О мюзикле см. Mamma Mia! (мюзикл), о песне Mamma Mia (песня) Мамма Миа! Mamma Mia! Жанр мюзикл Режиссёр Филлида Ллойд (англ.) …   Википедия

  • Мамма MIA! (фильм) — Это статья о фильме. О мюзикле см. Mamma Mia! (мюзикл), о песне Mamma Mia (песня) Мамма Миа! Mamma Mia! Жанр мюзикл Режиссёр Филлида Ллойд (англ.) …   Википедия

  • ЯЗЫК, ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЙ — Чтобы решить некоторые из проблем вызванные термином «зык. часто к нему прибавляется прилагательное естественный, когда автор хочет четко указать на то. что имеются в виду только естественно возникшие вербальные системы выражения у Ногтю sapiens …   Толковый словарь по психологии

Автор: Климова Ирина Владимировна
Должность: преподаватель английского языка

Учебное заведение: ГБПОУ Колледж Связи 54
Населённый пункт: Москва
Наименование материала: Методическая разработка
Тема: Методические рекомендации по выполнению дополнительных практических работ по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы обучения по теме «Изучение иностранных языков. Образование »

Раздел: среднее профессиональное

Методические рекомендации по выполнению

дополнительных практических работ по дисциплине «Иностранный

язык» для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы обучения по теме

«Изучение иностранных языков. Образование »

Разработчик преподаватель английского зыка Климова И.В.

2019

Москва

Пояснительная записка.

Методические рекомендации по выполнению дополнительных практических работ по

дисциплине «Иностранный язык» предназначены для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы

обучения и преподавателей средних профессиональных учебных заведений, соответствуют

действующей программе, и содержит систему заданий для аудиторных и внеаудиторных

практических работ.

Методические рекомендации представляют собой систему упражнений по развитию и

совершенствованию навыков аудирования, чтения про себя и лексико-грамматических навыков и

устной монологической речи.

Данные рекомендации включают в себя разнообразные тексты по теме «Изучение иностранных

языков. Образование » и упражнения после этих текстов.

Рекомендации состоят из трех разделов- задания по аудированию, задания по чтению и устной

речи, лексико-грамматические задания.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие задания по аудированию : выберите

правильный вариант ответа, расскажите текст, используя план, прочитайте вопросы и найдите

соответствующий ответ.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие задания по чтению : прочитайте текст про

себя, установите соответствие между заголовками и текстами, переведите тексты на русский

язык, перескажите тексты своими словами, прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски частями

предложений, составьте план текста и перескажите его, выпишите ключевые слова и перескажите

текст, найдите в тексте причастие 1и 2 и определите его функции, объясните явление на

английском языке, составьте краткий пересказ текста из 10 предложений, выпишите из текста все

числительные, напишите эти числительные словами, напишите что обозначают эти

числительные.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие лексико-грамматические задания:

прочитайте текст, преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после

пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста,

переведите текст на русский язык, задайте вопросы по тексту, перескажите текст, используя

следующие ключевые слова, используя лексику текста, расскажите о своем личном опыте,

выпишите из текста все недостатки и преимущества (использования компьютера и Интернета.),

задайте 10 вопросов к тексту, расскажите текст по плану, прочитайте текст, преобразуйте, если

необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они

грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста, выпишите из текста

придаточные определительные предложения, прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными

буквами. Выберите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа, задайте вопросы к тексту,

прочитайте и переведите текст, придумайте задания к тексту.

Предлагаемые задания отличаются разнообразием и степенью трудности, что позволяет

использовать упражнения на разных этапах обучения и соответственно разным уровням знаний

студентов.

Лексико-грамматический состав упражнений отвечает требованиям федеральных программ по

английскому языку для групп СПО.

I. Задания на аудирование.

Задание 1.

A.Young children have a genetic ability to learn language. They come into the world as eager learning

machines, and language acquisition is a major aspect of this learning. How children actually learn

language is not entirely clear, however. Most linguists believe that they do it primarily by listening to

and trying to communicate with adult speakers. Initially, this means that they copy the way adults use

words and grammar.

B.Learning a second or third language is easier in early childhood than later. It is particularly important

to learn correct pronunciation as young as possible. At any age, learning by constant contact with

native speakers in their own society is the quickest and the most effective method. It is superior to

taking foreign language classes because it forces you to concentrate on it all of the time.

C.Learning a second language can be affected by the patterns of the first language. There can be some

blending of phonemes. For instance, most Americans who learn French in high school or college

pronounce French words with a distinctive American accent. Grammar can also be affected. English

speakers who learn both French and Spanish sometimes combine grammatical rules of both when

speaking either of them.

D .Until just a few years ago, language study was limited to the classroom or personal tutor, or home

study by book. In the last few decades technology has given us a much needed audio option — first

vinyl records, then cassettes and CDs. Now technology has given us a new format — the Internet.

Options to learn a language by Internet are still limited but the potential is not.

E.What is important when learning a language? If you have the desire and persistence, time is the only

factor that you may have to work with. How much time you can devote to learning will play a role in

how quickly you can learn the language. Just re member how exciting it will be and how rewarding

you will feel at the accomplishment.

F.Rather than have businessmen, diplomats, scientists and tourists from every country learning all the

major languages that they want to learn or need to learn, Esperantists would have everyone just learn

one second language — Esperanto. Then everyone could communicate with everyone, everywhere.

The major ‘national’ languages could keep their special characteristics for anyone who wanted to learn

them. This is the essence of the ‘Esperanto Movement’.

G.More than half of the world’s 7,000 languages are expected to die out by the end of the century,

often taking with them irreplaceable knowledge about the natural world. When a species dies out,

sometimes fossils can be found, remains uncovered. But when a human language disappears, there’s

rarely any key left behind. Each loss becomes a linguistic black hole, where an entire way of knowing

the world disappears.

1. Снятие трудностей

Foreign languages //to master //suit //sentence//frustrated// afford // preferred method// accelerated way

//odd and rare words // convenient// improve // rapidly.

2.Задание после первого прослушивания.

Вы услышите 7 текстов. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.

Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.

Watch a lot of foreign films

2.

Use the Internet learning resource.

3.

Keep listening to the language.

4.

Take a language course.

5.

Use the language as much as you can.

6.

Enlarge your vocabulary.

7.

Immerse yourself in the language environment.

Ответы 174635

3 Задание после второго прослушивания. Ответьте на вопросы.

How do children actually learn a language?

What is the quickest and the most effective method of learning a language?

How can learning a second language be affected?

What are the difficulties of learning languages?

How does technology help us to learn a language?

What is the essence of the ‘Esperanto Movement’?

What happens when a human language disappears?

Задание 2.

A. Foreign languages are very popular nowadays, and it is not surprising that people want to master

them. Today there are lots of ways that makes it possible to learn a foreign language. And every person

chooses what suits them best. There is no shortcut for faster learning, though it takes the time, it takes.

The way I learnt Romanian was watching TV in English with Romanian subtitles. Subtitles help me

pick up Romanian words from sentenses.It took about a hundred hours or so, but I can now read

Romanian and understand the spoken language without having put any work in it.

B.In my opinion the only way you will ever truly learn a language is going to the country that speaks

that language. Stay for at least three months at the same place at first you will feel frustrated but this is

normal and you will soon get used to the language and I have never been to a language class.

C. In my opinion the fastest and the quickest way to learn a language is to live in the country where it

is spoken. However, not everyone can afford studying abroad if you can’t do that I believe that taking

classes is an effective way as well. I don’t think it is a good idea to try and learn a foreign language by

yourself, I mean, sure, you can do that as well as taking classes, but I do think it is very hard to do it

without any help. It is much easier if you have a teacher or a tutor, whom you can ask questions and

ask for advice.

D.My preferred method is using a good textbook with both grammar lessons and vocabulary. Read the

lessons and learn new words. Then practice using them with the exercise provided in the textbook.

This is an accelerated way of learning and it is entirely possible. When starting a new language,

memorizing a hundred words per day will come quite naturally. I recommend never falling below 50

words per day and keep them in your working memory. And make sure that the words you learn are the

ones that people use commonly, learning odd and rare words is not effective if you are trying to learn

quickly.

E.You can’t learn a language from books, you should hear it sound. While studying French at the

University, I religiously listened to the cassette tapes that accompanied our textbooks and it really

helped me to better learn a languge.Listening doesn’t take up your time. Load the language into your

ipod, walkman or whatever is convenient and just listen to it at home while cooking dinner or in the

car on the way to uni. You can also listen to foreign pop music. You know, French sounds are rather

difficult and singing French songs really helped me improve my pronunciation.

F.Memorizing words is not an effective way to learn languages. You can’t learn language without

speaking it. The only thing you should do is to find some kind of actual verbal interaction so as to see

how the language really works in everyday conversation. I used to know a couple of students who

helped each other learn languages. One knew Spanish and wanted to learn English, the other knew

English and wanted to improve Spanish. They divided the week in half. For half a week they only

speak Spanish, and the rest of the time they speak English. They both improved rapidly.

1. Снятие трудностей

eager //language acquisition//adult //correct pronunciation//force//affect// blending distinctive

rules//personal tutor //desire //persistence //devote to //exciting//rewarding//accomplishment.

Expect// to die out //irreplaceable knowledge //species//fossils //remains //uncovered//black hole

entire

2.Задание после первого прослушивания.

Вы услышите 7 текстов. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.

Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.

The best way of learning

2.

Key factor of learning

3.

Linguistic interference

4.

Universal Language

5.

Online learning

6.

Language extinction

7.

Learning by imitation

8.

Sign language

Ответы 7135246

3 Задание после второго прослушивания. Ответьте на вопросы.

How did the author of the text learn Romanian?

What in his opinion is the only way to learn a language?

Why is not acceptable for many people?

Is it a good idea to try and learn a foreign language by yourself?

What is a much easier way? Why?

What is an accelerated way of learning?

What besides books can help you to learn a language?

What is the final advice of the author of the article?

II. Задания для развития и совершенствования навыков чтения про себя и

устной речи.

Задание 1.

1)

Прочитайте текст про себя. Установите соответствие между заголовками А—Н и текстами

1—7. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

2)

Переведите тексты на русский язык

3)

Перескажите тексты своими словами

1.

Recognize your limitations

2.

Take a Rest

3.

Clear Out Distractions

4.

Have Help Handy

5.

Plan Your Work

6.

Stay Calm Under Pressure

7.

Work With Interest

8.

Stay Focused

A. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a

big tree outside allow you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the

kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to en- counter friends, or even your own room, as it’s

usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what

you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to

any successful session of work.

B. Making your work relates to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium

associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and

run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your

favourite historical battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As

long as you meet all the requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose.

C. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something,

watch a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a

little bit. Trying to work too long at too hard a pace with- out a break is only going to spoil your work in

the end, as you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks

proportional to the amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up.

D. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various

assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down

worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means

that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class.

Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s

always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most

immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most

pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to

easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on

one task is the key to any successful session of work.

F. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is

extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense

you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day

when you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t

proud of.

G. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your

assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start

an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents

for advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is

the difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should

care about your college marks.

Ответы 3725814

Задание 2.

The most difficult language.

People often ask which language is the most difficult to learn, and it is not easy to answer because

there are many factors to take into consideration. A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find

Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese because Portuguese is very similar to

Spanish, while Chinese is very different. The greater the differences between the second language and

our first one, the harder it will be for most people to learn. Many people answer that Chinese is the

hardest language to learn possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system.

The pronunciation of Chinese appears to be very difficult for many foreign learners, too. However, for

Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language, learning this language

will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet.

Some people seem to learn languages readily, while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the

circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner’s

motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they

often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day-to-day life.

British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language is Japanese,

which will probably come as no surprise to many. But the language that they have found to be the most

problematic is Hungarian, which has 35 grammatical cases.

Different cultures and individuals from those cultures will find different languages more difficult. In

the case of Hungarian for British learners, it is not a question of the writing system, which uses a

similar alphabet, but the grammatical complexity, though native speakers of related languages may

find it easier.

Ответьте

на

вопросы.

1) What is the text about?

2) The author explains why people find Chinese a very difficult language to learn. Find this extract and

read it aloud.

3) What factors play an important role in learning a language?

4) Why do British diplomats find it difficult to learn Hungarian?

Ответы

1. This text is about learning of foreign languages. It is not easy to answer the question what language

is the most difficult to learn because there are many factors to take into consideration. It is also about

the most difficult languages to learn.

2. 3-ий абзац.

3. The greater the differences between the 2nd language and our 1st one, the harder it will be for most

people to learn. Teachers and the circumstances in which the language is learned play an important

role, as well as each learner’s motivation for learning.

4. Because it has 35 grammatical cases.

Задание 3.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями предложений, обозначенными

цифрами A-G.. Одна из частей в списке A-G лишняя.

2. Переведите текст.

3. Составьте план текста и перескажите его.

On the whole, Cambridge is much quieter than Oxford, although what really sets it apart from its

scholarly rival is ‘the Backs’, providing exquisite views over the backs of the old colleges. At the front, the

handsome facades of these same colleges dominate the layout of the town centre, lining up along the main

streets. Most of the colleges date back to the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. Many of the

buildings are extraordinarily beautiful, but the most famous is King’s College, _____________1. There

are thirty-one university colleges in total. Each one is an independent, self-governing body, proud of its

achievements and attracting a close loyalty from its students, _______________2. During the nineteenth

century, the university finally lost its ancient privileges over the town, ____________3. The university

expanded too, with the number of students increasing dramatically. More recently, change has been much

slower, _____________4. The first two women’s colleges were founded in the 1870s, but it was only in

1947 that women were actually awarded degrees. In the meantime, the city and university had been

acquiring a reputation as a high-tech centre of excellence. Cambridge has always been in the vanguard of

scientific research,_________5. Cambridge is an extremely compact place, and you can walk round the

centre, visiting the most interesting colleges, in an afternoon. A more thorough exploration covering more

of the colleges and a leisurely afternoon on a punt will, however, take at least a couple of days. If possible

you should avoid coming in high summer, ____________6. Faced with such crowds, the more popular

colleges have restricted their opening times and have introduced admission charges.

A. whose alumni have garnered no less than ninety Nobel prizes

B. amongst whom privately educated boys remain over-represented

C. because of the development of industry

D. whose magnificent chapel is one of the greatest statements of late Gothic architecture

E. which was expanding rapidly thanks to the arrival of the railway

F. particularly when it comes to equality of sexes

G. when the students are replaced by crowds of sightseers

Ответы 425617

Задание 4.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями предложений, обозначенными

цифрами A-G.. Одна из частей в списке A-G лишняя.

2. Переведите текст.

3. Составьте план текста и перескажите его.

Moscow University is one of the oldest Russian institutions of higher education. It was named after

Academician Mikhail Lomonosov, A ________ .

Mikhail Lomonosov was a person of formidable willpower and keen scientific mind, B ________ .

Lomonosov’s interests ranged from history, art and poetry to mechanics and chemistry. His activity was

a manifestation of the enormous potential of Russia, C ________ .

Peter I the Great had reformed Russia, D ________ . Great importance was placed on education. In

1724, the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences established a university and a grammar school to educate

intellectuals and researchers the country needed.

However, these educational establishments did not fulfil the task they had taken on. It was Michail

Lomonosov who suggested the idea of establishing a university in Moscow. According to Lomonosov’s

plan, there were originally three faculties. First all the students acquired a comprehensive knowledge in

the field of science and humanities at the Faculty of Philosophy. Then they could specialize and continue

at the Faculty of Philosophy or join either the Law Faculty or the Faculty of Medicine. The best students

were sent to continue their education abroad, establishing contacts with the international scientific

community.

From the very beginning elitism was alien to the very spirit of the University community, E ________ .

The Decree stated that the university was to educate commoners. Originally tuition at Moscow

University was free for all students; later only poor students were exempt from tuition fees. The state

funding did not cover all the University expenses and it was partly funded by its patrons, F ________ .

University alumni supported their alma mater through hard times raising money by public subscriptions.

Moscow University played an outstanding role in popularizing science and learning in Russia.

Professors of Moscow University greatly contributed to establishing new cultural centres in Moscow

and Russia.

1.

That was highly respected by foreign scientists

2.

Which determined long-standing democratic tradition

3.

Which allowed the country to reach high standards in many spheres

4.

Whose scientists occupied the leading positions in the world

5.

Whose lifelong passion was learning

6.

Who donated equipment and established scholarships for University students

7.

Who greatly contributed to its establishments

Ответы 754326

III.Лексико-грамматические задания.

Задание 1.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 5 вопросов по тексту.

Learning a Language

I’m going to start off by saying that the 1________ EASY way to learn a new language is by taking

formal classes.

Last year I 2___________ TAKE a 40-minute English class once a week and it was definitely worth the

money.

If you 3_________ NOT HAVE the time or money to attend classes, you can of course teach yourself

any language you want.

If you have absolutely no prior knowledge of the language you 4________ TRY to learn, start by buying

the same textbooks that schools use.

What makes using textbooks such a great tool for learning is that they 5_________WRITE in a context

that makes it easy to understand.

Besides, you can use the Internet, which is the greatest resource of knowledge that mankind

ever 6___________ HAVE.

But remember! You 7________NOT GET any better without speaking and listening to the language. No

matter what path you take in learning a new language, this is by far the most important step.

Задание 2.

Distance Learning

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 5 вопросов по тексту.

Many people have done research on how to improve the course work of distance learning and also the 1

________EVALUATE of how the material is being taught.

2.One big concern is that people are cheating with distance learning classes. Many professors are now

developing ways to keep distance learning courses from being 2__________ MEANING.

One way to improve them is to 3 _________ CONTINUAL change the way they are taught.

Teachers are beginning to require 4________ DIFFER class work for the same course that they teach.

They also ask students to become more 5 _________ ACTIVE with their homework and the projects

they have to complete.

Moreover, students are given tests from a test bank. The test is made up when they log into the test

website. These 6 ________ REQUIRE are the same for students taking distant classes at school or at

special courses.

Задание 3.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Перескажите текст, используя следующие ключевые слова.

global language//dominates//a global power //essential //successful communication //to occur online

resources//frequently//sharing of ideas//inevitably //to make an impact//global//language// dominate//a

global power essential //successful communication//to occur//online resources //frequently//sharing of

ideas inevitably //to make an impact

Nowadays English is quickly becoming the global language, and it dominates the world in many ways.

One of the reasons is the fact that Great Britain was a global power during the 1_____COLONY days,

and today America is, perhaps, the most powerful nation in the world.

Due to this 2____DOMINATE , learning English is essential for successful communication in our global

society.

This is 3_____CLEAR seen in the business world. Today, a meeting between business leaders from

different nations is more likely to occur in English.

The Internet also plays a role in making English the dominant language. By far, the vast 4____MAJOR

of online resources are written in English.

In addition, most forums are frequently visited by people who can speak English, which means that free

sharing of ideas online is more 5____ACCESS to those who know English.

Today, English is inevitably turning into a global language. So it’s 7____SURPRISE that in order to

make an impact on today’s economy, one must be able to use English well.

Задание 4.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Используя лексику текста, расскажите о преподавании музыки в вашей школе.

Music in schools

Primary schools in London are trying out an ambitious plan through which young children get an

introduction to serious music. The idea comes from a group of famous musicians who are concerned

about the 1_______ SURVIVE of certain types of classical music. They see the plan as one possible

2_______ SOLVE to the problem of declining audiences at classical concerts. Their 3________ ARGUE

is that an interest in classical music should be developed in early childhood. They reject the idea that

children are 4 _________INTEREST in serious music or necessarily find it boring. The group goes into a

school and gives a live 5_______ PERFORM of a short classical piece and then this is followed by an

explanation of how the instruments work. These sessions have proved so 6_______ SUCCESS that they

have now become a regular feature in some schools.

Задание 5.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Выпишите из текста все преимущества использования компьютера в системе образования.

Computers in Education

When Mrs. Bashet’s son walks through the door after school, he 1_____ NOT HAVE to ask if he has

any homework. She already knows. That’s because in 2007, Dougherty Valley High School, in

California, 2______BUY a program called School Loop, essentially putting grade books, attendance

sheets, student binders, and even blackboards online. With a few mouse clicks on her computer at work,

Mrs. Bashet can check her son’s assignments and test scores as well as see in nearly real time if

he 3______SKIP any class. With School Loop, parents, teachers, administrators, and students can

access a vast quantity of data as effortlessly as opening an email. At the moment school districts across

the country 4_____ ADOPT School Loop and similar systems, such as Edline and Power School. Ed

Zaiontz, executive director of information services, says that the trend toward shuttling information

between schools, homes, and district offices 5_____ CONTINUE to grow in the future as the digital

divide shrinks.

One might expect that today’s high school students who learned to read at the same time as they learned

to click a mouse and hit ‘Enter’ wouldn’t think twice about 6_____BUY track of their classes online.

However, when the school 7______ONE started using School Loop, about half of students groused

about the new window parents would have on their school days.

Задание 6.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Расскажите о своем первом дне в школе.

My First Year at Wennington School

I 1____COME to Wennington School in the autumn of 1968. The school itself was doing rather well; it

had a new theatre and science building but the rest of the school was much as it 2___BE for years

before. Life in general was not too bad for me. In the first year I 3___BULLY a bit by a couple of boys.

There were always two or three pupils in every class that did get some bullying from the others. However,

that 4____NOT LAST long. The 5___ENJOYABLE aspect of school life for an eleven-year-old

Londoner was going to the woods.I spent most of my free time during the first few weeks

6___EXPLORE the woods in the company of a classmate. Your new question! Playing down the woods

so much had its effects. My group parent report for the summer term of my first year stated: ‘He also

succeeds in getting dirtier in a short space of time than any other boy I 7___ KNOW before’.

Задание 7.

1.Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными буквами. Эти буквы соответствуют

заданиям А-G, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Выберите номер

выбранного вами варианта ответа.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 9- 10 вопросов к тексту.

Language Extinction

Language death is nowadays a phenomenon with a much more frequent A …………….. than the death of

animals or plants species. Every two weeks, one language goes out of B _____. Although language

extinction is a natural process, it raises controversial issues C ____ . to society and culture.

Linguists have defined a language as being dead the moment its last speaker passes D ____. What causes

the extinction and final death of a language? Usually, a language has higher chances to die when people

speaking it are assimilated by other cultures. In this case, the language dies slowly, by merging with the

language of the assimilators. Or its death can be a more accelerated process when the speakers E ____ .

up their own language because they don’t find any benefit in using it.

Many of the dying languages have no written records, so once they go, they will be lost forever. Of

course, speaking one of these languages is not seen as an asset within the business or working

environment today. But it can be an asset from cultural and even scientific point of F _____ .

Preserving your own language is a proof of self-respect and of respect for your past. Learn as many

foreign languages as possible, but never forget your native language just because you can’t find any

benefit in using it throughout your day-by-day life. And if you are one of the few speakers of a language,

contribute to getting it out of the death threat. G ____your knowledge with others who are interested in

expanding their horizons by learning a foreign language.

A

1) appearance

2) existence

3) occurrence

4) occasion

B

1) world

2) use

3) mind

4) way

C

1) concerned

2) dealing

3) regarding

4) related

D

1) over

2) away

3) out

4) off

E

l) change

2) break

3) end

4) give

F

1) order

2) interest

3) view

4) opinion

G

1) Share

2) Give

3) Pass

4) Convey

Ответы 3242431

Источник

Recognize Your Limitations 5. Plan Your WorkTake a Rest 6. Stay Calm U перевод - Recognize Your Limitations 5. Plan Your WorkTake a Rest 6. Stay Calm U русский как сказать

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Recognize Your Limitations 5. Plan Your Work

Take a Rest 6. Stay Calm Under Pressure

Clear Out Distractions 7. Work With Interest

Have Help Handy 8. Stay Focused

0/5000

Результаты (русский) 1: [копия]

Скопировано!

Recognize Your Limitations 5. Plan Your WorkTake a Rest 6. Stay Calm Under PressureClear Out Distractions 7. Work With InterestHave Help Handy 8. Stay Focused

переводится, пожалуйста, подождите..

Результаты (русский) 2:[копия]

Скопировано!

Признайте свои ограничения 5. планировать работу

Отдохни 6. Сохраняйте спокойствие под давлением

Clear отвлекающие 7. Работа с интересом

получать помощь Handy 8. Пребывание сосредоточилось

переводится, пожалуйста, подождите..

Результаты (русский) 3:[копия]

Скопировано!

признать свои ограничения, 5.спланировать работуотдохнуть 6.успокойтесь, под давлениемочистить себя 7.работа с интересомнужно помочь удобно 8.сосредоточься

переводится, пожалуйста, подождите..

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Источник

Автор: Климова Ирина Владимировна
Должность: преподаватель английского языка

Учебное заведение: ГБПОУ Колледж Связи 54
Населённый пункт: Москва
Наименование материала: Методическая разработка
Тема: Методические рекомендации по выполнению дополнительных практических работ по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы обучения по теме «Изучение иностранных языков. Образование »

Раздел: среднее профессиональное

Методические рекомендации по выполнению

дополнительных практических работ по дисциплине «Иностранный

язык» для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы обучения по теме

«Изучение иностранных языков. Образование »

Разработчик преподаватель английского зыка Климова И.В.

2019

Москва

Пояснительная записка.

Методические рекомендации по выполнению дополнительных практических работ по

дисциплине «Иностранный язык» предназначены для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы

обучения и преподавателей средних профессиональных учебных заведений, соответствуют

действующей программе, и содержит систему заданий для аудиторных и внеаудиторных

практических работ.

Методические рекомендации представляют собой систему упражнений по развитию и

совершенствованию навыков аудирования, чтения про себя и лексико-грамматических навыков и

устной монологической речи.

Данные рекомендации включают в себя разнообразные тексты по теме «Изучение иностранных

языков. Образование » и упражнения после этих текстов.

Рекомендации состоят из трех разделов- задания по аудированию, задания по чтению и устной

речи, лексико-грамматические задания.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие задания по аудированию : выберите

правильный вариант ответа, расскажите текст, используя план, прочитайте вопросы и найдите

соответствующий ответ.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие задания по чтению : прочитайте текст про

себя, установите соответствие между заголовками и текстами, переведите тексты на русский

язык, перескажите тексты своими словами, прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски частями

предложений, составьте план текста и перескажите его, выпишите ключевые слова и перескажите

текст, найдите в тексте причастие 1и 2 и определите его функции, объясните явление на

английском языке, составьте краткий пересказ текста из 10 предложений, выпишите из текста все

числительные, напишите эти числительные словами, напишите что обозначают эти

числительные.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие лексико-грамматические задания:

прочитайте текст, преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после

пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста,

переведите текст на русский язык, задайте вопросы по тексту, перескажите текст, используя

следующие ключевые слова, используя лексику текста, расскажите о своем личном опыте,

выпишите из текста все недостатки и преимущества (использования компьютера и Интернета.),

задайте 10 вопросов к тексту, расскажите текст по плану, прочитайте текст, преобразуйте, если

необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они

грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста, выпишите из текста

придаточные определительные предложения, прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными

буквами. Выберите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа, задайте вопросы к тексту,

прочитайте и переведите текст, придумайте задания к тексту.

Предлагаемые задания отличаются разнообразием и степенью трудности, что позволяет

использовать упражнения на разных этапах обучения и соответственно разным уровням знаний

студентов.

Лексико-грамматический состав упражнений отвечает требованиям федеральных программ по

английскому языку для групп СПО.

I. Задания на аудирование.

Задание 1.

A.Young children have a genetic ability to learn language. They come into the world as eager learning

machines, and language acquisition is a major aspect of this learning. How children actually learn

language is not entirely clear, however. Most linguists believe that they do it primarily by listening to

and trying to communicate with adult speakers. Initially, this means that they copy the way adults use

words and grammar.

B.Learning a second or third language is easier in early childhood than later. It is particularly important

to learn correct pronunciation as young as possible. At any age, learning by constant contact with

native speakers in their own society is the quickest and the most effective method. It is superior to

taking foreign language classes because it forces you to concentrate on it all of the time.

C.Learning a second language can be affected by the patterns of the first language. There can be some

blending of phonemes. For instance, most Americans who learn French in high school or college

pronounce French words with a distinctive American accent. Grammar can also be affected. English

speakers who learn both French and Spanish sometimes combine grammatical rules of both when

speaking either of them.

D .Until just a few years ago, language study was limited to the classroom or personal tutor, or home

study by book. In the last few decades technology has given us a much needed audio option — first

vinyl records, then cassettes and CDs. Now technology has given us a new format — the Internet.

Options to learn a language by Internet are still limited but the potential is not.

E.What is important when learning a language? If you have the desire and persistence, time is the only

factor that you may have to work with. How much time you can devote to learning will play a role in

how quickly you can learn the language. Just re member how exciting it will be and how rewarding

you will feel at the accomplishment.

F.Rather than have businessmen, diplomats, scientists and tourists from every country learning all the

major languages that they want to learn or need to learn, Esperantists would have everyone just learn

one second language — Esperanto. Then everyone could communicate with everyone, everywhere.

The major ‘national’ languages could keep their special characteristics for anyone who wanted to learn

them. This is the essence of the ‘Esperanto Movement’.

G.More than half of the world’s 7,000 languages are expected to die out by the end of the century,

often taking with them irreplaceable knowledge about the natural world. When a species dies out,

sometimes fossils can be found, remains uncovered. But when a human language disappears, there’s

rarely any key left behind. Each loss becomes a linguistic black hole, where an entire way of knowing

the world disappears.

1. Снятие трудностей

Foreign languages //to master //suit //sentence//frustrated// afford // preferred method// accelerated way

//odd and rare words // convenient// improve // rapidly.

2.Задание после первого прослушивания.

Вы услышите 7 текстов. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.

Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.

Watch a lot of foreign films

2.

Use the Internet learning resource.

3.

Keep listening to the language.

4.

Take a language course.

5.

Use the language as much as you can.

6.

Enlarge your vocabulary.

7.

Immerse yourself in the language environment.

Ответы 174635

3 Задание после второго прослушивания. Ответьте на вопросы.

How do children actually learn a language?

What is the quickest and the most effective method of learning a language?

How can learning a second language be affected?

What are the difficulties of learning languages?

How does technology help us to learn a language?

What is the essence of the ‘Esperanto Movement’?

What happens when a human language disappears?

Задание 2.

A. Foreign languages are very popular nowadays, and it is not surprising that people want to master

them. Today there are lots of ways that makes it possible to learn a foreign language. And every person

chooses what suits them best. There is no shortcut for faster learning, though it takes the time, it takes.

The way I learnt Romanian was watching TV in English with Romanian subtitles. Subtitles help me

pick up Romanian words from sentenses.It took about a hundred hours or so, but I can now read

Romanian and understand the spoken language without having put any work in it.

B.In my opinion the only way you will ever truly learn a language is going to the country that speaks

that language. Stay for at least three months at the same place at first you will feel frustrated but this is

normal and you will soon get used to the language and I have never been to a language class.

C. In my opinion the fastest and the quickest way to learn a language is to live in the country where it

is spoken. However, not everyone can afford studying abroad if you can’t do that I believe that taking

classes is an effective way as well. I don’t think it is a good idea to try and learn a foreign language by

yourself, I mean, sure, you can do that as well as taking classes, but I do think it is very hard to do it

without any help. It is much easier if you have a teacher or a tutor, whom you can ask questions and

ask for advice.

D.My preferred method is using a good textbook with both grammar lessons and vocabulary. Read the

lessons and learn new words. Then practice using them with the exercise provided in the textbook.

This is an accelerated way of learning and it is entirely possible. When starting a new language,

memorizing a hundred words per day will come quite naturally. I recommend never falling below 50

words per day and keep them in your working memory. And make sure that the words you learn are the

ones that people use commonly, learning odd and rare words is not effective if you are trying to learn

quickly.

E.You can’t learn a language from books, you should hear it sound. While studying French at the

University, I religiously listened to the cassette tapes that accompanied our textbooks and it really

helped me to better learn a languge.Listening doesn’t take up your time. Load the language into your

ipod, walkman or whatever is convenient and just listen to it at home while cooking dinner or in the

car on the way to uni. You can also listen to foreign pop music. You know, French sounds are rather

difficult and singing French songs really helped me improve my pronunciation.

F.Memorizing words is not an effective way to learn languages. You can’t learn language without

speaking it. The only thing you should do is to find some kind of actual verbal interaction so as to see

how the language really works in everyday conversation. I used to know a couple of students who

helped each other learn languages. One knew Spanish and wanted to learn English, the other knew

English and wanted to improve Spanish. They divided the week in half. For half a week they only

speak Spanish, and the rest of the time they speak English. They both improved rapidly.

1. Снятие трудностей

eager //language acquisition//adult //correct pronunciation//force//affect// blending distinctive

rules//personal tutor //desire //persistence //devote to //exciting//rewarding//accomplishment.

Expect// to die out //irreplaceable knowledge //species//fossils //remains //uncovered//black hole

entire

2.Задание после первого прослушивания.

Вы услышите 7 текстов. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.

Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.

The best way of learning

2.

Key factor of learning

3.

Linguistic interference

4.

Universal Language

5.

Online learning

6.

Language extinction

7.

Learning by imitation

8.

Sign language

Ответы 7135246

3 Задание после второго прослушивания. Ответьте на вопросы.

How did the author of the text learn Romanian?

What in his opinion is the only way to learn a language?

Why is not acceptable for many people?

Is it a good idea to try and learn a foreign language by yourself?

What is a much easier way? Why?

What is an accelerated way of learning?

What besides books can help you to learn a language?

What is the final advice of the author of the article?

II. Задания для развития и совершенствования навыков чтения про себя и

устной речи.

Задание 1.

1)

Прочитайте текст про себя. Установите соответствие между заголовками А—Н и текстами

1—7. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

2)

Переведите тексты на русский язык

3)

Перескажите тексты своими словами

1.

Recognize your limitations

2.

Take a Rest

3.

Clear Out Distractions

4.

Have Help Handy

5.

Plan Your Work

6.

Stay Calm Under Pressure

7.

Work With Interest

8.

Stay Focused

A. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a

big tree outside allow you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the

kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to en- counter friends, or even your own room, as it’s

usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what

you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to

any successful session of work.

B. Making your work relates to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium

associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and

run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your

favourite historical battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As

long as you meet all the requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose.

C. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something,

watch a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a

little bit. Trying to work too long at too hard a pace with- out a break is only going to spoil your work in

the end, as you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks

proportional to the amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up.

D. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various

assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down

worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means

that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class.

Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s

always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most

immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most

pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to

easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on

one task is the key to any successful session of work.

F. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is

extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense

you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day

when you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t

proud of.

G. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your

assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start

an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents

for advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is

the difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should

care about your college marks.

Ответы 3725814

Задание 2.

The most difficult language.

People often ask which language is the most difficult to learn, and it is not easy to answer because

there are many factors to take into consideration. A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find

Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese because Portuguese is very similar to

Spanish, while Chinese is very different. The greater the differences between the second language and

our first one, the harder it will be for most people to learn. Many people answer that Chinese is the

hardest language to learn possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system.

The pronunciation of Chinese appears to be very difficult for many foreign learners, too. However, for

Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language, learning this language

will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet.

Some people seem to learn languages readily, while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the

circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner’s

motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they

often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day-to-day life.

British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language is Japanese,

which will probably come as no surprise to many. But the language that they have found to be the most

problematic is Hungarian, which has 35 grammatical cases.

Different cultures and individuals from those cultures will find different languages more difficult. In

the case of Hungarian for British learners, it is not a question of the writing system, which uses a

similar alphabet, but the grammatical complexity, though native speakers of related languages may

find it easier.

Ответьте

на

вопросы.

1) What is the text about?

2) The author explains why people find Chinese a very difficult language to learn. Find this extract and

read it aloud.

3) What factors play an important role in learning a language?

4) Why do British diplomats find it difficult to learn Hungarian?

Ответы

1. This text is about learning of foreign languages. It is not easy to answer the question what language

is the most difficult to learn because there are many factors to take into consideration. It is also about

the most difficult languages to learn.

2. 3-ий абзац.

3. The greater the differences between the 2nd language and our 1st one, the harder it will be for most

people to learn. Teachers and the circumstances in which the language is learned play an important

role, as well as each learner’s motivation for learning.

4. Because it has 35 grammatical cases.

Задание 3.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями предложений, обозначенными

цифрами A-G.. Одна из частей в списке A-G лишняя.

2. Переведите текст.

3. Составьте план текста и перескажите его.

On the whole, Cambridge is much quieter than Oxford, although what really sets it apart from its

scholarly rival is ‘the Backs’, providing exquisite views over the backs of the old colleges. At the front, the

handsome facades of these same colleges dominate the layout of the town centre, lining up along the main

streets. Most of the colleges date back to the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. Many of the

buildings are extraordinarily beautiful, but the most famous is King’s College, _____________1. There

are thirty-one university colleges in total. Each one is an independent, self-governing body, proud of its

achievements and attracting a close loyalty from its students, _______________2. During the nineteenth

century, the university finally lost its ancient privileges over the town, ____________3. The university

expanded too, with the number of students increasing dramatically. More recently, change has been much

slower, _____________4. The first two women’s colleges were founded in the 1870s, but it was only in

1947 that women were actually awarded degrees. In the meantime, the city and university had been

acquiring a reputation as a high-tech centre of excellence. Cambridge has always been in the vanguard of

scientific research,_________5. Cambridge is an extremely compact place, and you can walk round the

centre, visiting the most interesting colleges, in an afternoon. A more thorough exploration covering more

of the colleges and a leisurely afternoon on a punt will, however, take at least a couple of days. If possible

you should avoid coming in high summer, ____________6. Faced with such crowds, the more popular

colleges have restricted their opening times and have introduced admission charges.

A. whose alumni have garnered no less than ninety Nobel prizes

B. amongst whom privately educated boys remain over-represented

C. because of the development of industry

D. whose magnificent chapel is one of the greatest statements of late Gothic architecture

E. which was expanding rapidly thanks to the arrival of the railway

F. particularly when it comes to equality of sexes

G. when the students are replaced by crowds of sightseers

Ответы 425617

Задание 4.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями предложений, обозначенными

цифрами A-G.. Одна из частей в списке A-G лишняя.

2. Переведите текст.

3. Составьте план текста и перескажите его.

Moscow University is one of the oldest Russian institutions of higher education. It was named after

Academician Mikhail Lomonosov, A ________ .

Mikhail Lomonosov was a person of formidable willpower and keen scientific mind, B ________ .

Lomonosov’s interests ranged from history, art and poetry to mechanics and chemistry. His activity was

a manifestation of the enormous potential of Russia, C ________ .

Peter I the Great had reformed Russia, D ________ . Great importance was placed on education. In

1724, the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences established a university and a grammar school to educate

intellectuals and researchers the country needed.

However, these educational establishments did not fulfil the task they had taken on. It was Michail

Lomonosov who suggested the idea of establishing a university in Moscow. According to Lomonosov’s

plan, there were originally three faculties. First all the students acquired a comprehensive knowledge in

the field of science and humanities at the Faculty of Philosophy. Then they could specialize and continue

at the Faculty of Philosophy or join either the Law Faculty or the Faculty of Medicine. The best students

were sent to continue their education abroad, establishing contacts with the international scientific

community.

From the very beginning elitism was alien to the very spirit of the University community, E ________ .

The Decree stated that the university was to educate commoners. Originally tuition at Moscow

University was free for all students; later only poor students were exempt from tuition fees. The state

funding did not cover all the University expenses and it was partly funded by its patrons, F ________ .

University alumni supported their alma mater through hard times raising money by public subscriptions.

Moscow University played an outstanding role in popularizing science and learning in Russia.

Professors of Moscow University greatly contributed to establishing new cultural centres in Moscow

and Russia.

1.

That was highly respected by foreign scientists

2.

Which determined long-standing democratic tradition

3.

Which allowed the country to reach high standards in many spheres

4.

Whose scientists occupied the leading positions in the world

5.

Whose lifelong passion was learning

6.

Who donated equipment and established scholarships for University students

7.

Who greatly contributed to its establishments

Ответы 754326

III.Лексико-грамматические задания.

Задание 1.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 5 вопросов по тексту.

Learning a Language

I’m going to start off by saying that the 1________ EASY way to learn a new language is by taking

formal classes.

Last year I 2___________ TAKE a 40-minute English class once a week and it was definitely worth the

money.

If you 3_________ NOT HAVE the time or money to attend classes, you can of course teach yourself

any language you want.

If you have absolutely no prior knowledge of the language you 4________ TRY to learn, start by buying

the same textbooks that schools use.

What makes using textbooks such a great tool for learning is that they 5_________WRITE in a context

that makes it easy to understand.

Besides, you can use the Internet, which is the greatest resource of knowledge that mankind

ever 6___________ HAVE.

But remember! You 7________NOT GET any better without speaking and listening to the language. No

matter what path you take in learning a new language, this is by far the most important step.

Задание 2.

Distance Learning

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 5 вопросов по тексту.

Many people have done research on how to improve the course work of distance learning and also the 1

________EVALUATE of how the material is being taught.

2.One big concern is that people are cheating with distance learning classes. Many professors are now

developing ways to keep distance learning courses from being 2__________ MEANING.

One way to improve them is to 3 _________ CONTINUAL change the way they are taught.

Teachers are beginning to require 4________ DIFFER class work for the same course that they teach.

They also ask students to become more 5 _________ ACTIVE with their homework and the projects

they have to complete.

Moreover, students are given tests from a test bank. The test is made up when they log into the test

website. These 6 ________ REQUIRE are the same for students taking distant classes at school or at

special courses.

Задание 3.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Перескажите текст, используя следующие ключевые слова.

global language//dominates//a global power //essential //successful communication //to occur online

resources//frequently//sharing of ideas//inevitably //to make an impact//global//language// dominate//a

global power essential //successful communication//to occur//online resources //frequently//sharing of

ideas inevitably //to make an impact

Nowadays English is quickly becoming the global language, and it dominates the world in many ways.

One of the reasons is the fact that Great Britain was a global power during the 1_____COLONY days,

and today America is, perhaps, the most powerful nation in the world.

Due to this 2____DOMINATE , learning English is essential for successful communication in our global

society.

This is 3_____CLEAR seen in the business world. Today, a meeting between business leaders from

different nations is more likely to occur in English.

The Internet also plays a role in making English the dominant language. By far, the vast 4____MAJOR

of online resources are written in English.

In addition, most forums are frequently visited by people who can speak English, which means that free

sharing of ideas online is more 5____ACCESS to those who know English.

Today, English is inevitably turning into a global language. So it’s 7____SURPRISE that in order to

make an impact on today’s economy, one must be able to use English well.

Задание 4.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Используя лексику текста, расскажите о преподавании музыки в вашей школе.

Music in schools

Primary schools in London are trying out an ambitious plan through which young children get an

introduction to serious music. The idea comes from a group of famous musicians who are concerned

about the 1_______ SURVIVE of certain types of classical music. They see the plan as one possible

2_______ SOLVE to the problem of declining audiences at classical concerts. Their 3________ ARGUE

is that an interest in classical music should be developed in early childhood. They reject the idea that

children are 4 _________INTEREST in serious music or necessarily find it boring. The group goes into a

school and gives a live 5_______ PERFORM of a short classical piece and then this is followed by an

explanation of how the instruments work. These sessions have proved so 6_______ SUCCESS that they

have now become a regular feature in some schools.

Задание 5.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Выпишите из текста все преимущества использования компьютера в системе образования.

Computers in Education

When Mrs. Bashet’s son walks through the door after school, he 1_____ NOT HAVE to ask if he has

any homework. She already knows. That’s because in 2007, Dougherty Valley High School, in

California, 2______BUY a program called School Loop, essentially putting grade books, attendance

sheets, student binders, and even blackboards online. With a few mouse clicks on her computer at work,

Mrs. Bashet can check her son’s assignments and test scores as well as see in nearly real time if

he 3______SKIP any class. With School Loop, parents, teachers, administrators, and students can

access a vast quantity of data as effortlessly as opening an email. At the moment school districts across

the country 4_____ ADOPT School Loop and similar systems, such as Edline and Power School. Ed

Zaiontz, executive director of information services, says that the trend toward shuttling information

between schools, homes, and district offices 5_____ CONTINUE to grow in the future as the digital

divide shrinks.

One might expect that today’s high school students who learned to read at the same time as they learned

to click a mouse and hit ‘Enter’ wouldn’t think twice about 6_____BUY track of their classes online.

However, when the school 7______ONE started using School Loop, about half of students groused

about the new window parents would have on their school days.

Задание 6.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Расскажите о своем первом дне в школе.

My First Year at Wennington School

I 1____COME to Wennington School in the autumn of 1968. The school itself was doing rather well; it

had a new theatre and science building but the rest of the school was much as it 2___BE for years

before. Life in general was not too bad for me. In the first year I 3___BULLY a bit by a couple of boys.

There were always two or three pupils in every class that did get some bullying from the others. However,

that 4____NOT LAST long. The 5___ENJOYABLE aspect of school life for an eleven-year-old

Londoner was going to the woods.I spent most of my free time during the first few weeks

6___EXPLORE the woods in the company of a classmate. Your new question! Playing down the woods

so much had its effects. My group parent report for the summer term of my first year stated: ‘He also

succeeds in getting dirtier in a short space of time than any other boy I 7___ KNOW before’.

Задание 7.

1.Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными буквами. Эти буквы соответствуют

заданиям А-G, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Выберите номер

выбранного вами варианта ответа.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 9- 10 вопросов к тексту.

Language Extinction

Language death is nowadays a phenomenon with a much more frequent A …………….. than the death of

animals or plants species. Every two weeks, one language goes out of B _____. Although language

extinction is a natural process, it raises controversial issues C ____ . to society and culture.

Linguists have defined a language as being dead the moment its last speaker passes D ____. What causes

the extinction and final death of a language? Usually, a language has higher chances to die when people

speaking it are assimilated by other cultures. In this case, the language dies slowly, by merging with the

language of the assimilators. Or its death can be a more accelerated process when the speakers E ____ .

up their own language because they don’t find any benefit in using it.

Many of the dying languages have no written records, so once they go, they will be lost forever. Of

course, speaking one of these languages is not seen as an asset within the business or working

environment today. But it can be an asset from cultural and even scientific point of F _____ .

Preserving your own language is a proof of self-respect and of respect for your past. Learn as many

foreign languages as possible, but never forget your native language just because you can’t find any

benefit in using it throughout your day-by-day life. And if you are one of the few speakers of a language,

contribute to getting it out of the death threat. G ____your knowledge with others who are interested in

expanding their horizons by learning a foreign language.

A

1) appearance

2) existence

3) occurrence

4) occasion

B

1) world

2) use

3) mind

4) way

C

1) concerned

2) dealing

3) regarding

4) related

D

1) over

2) away

3) out

4) off

E

l) change

2) break

3) end

4) give

F

1) order

2) interest

3) view

4) opinion

G

1) Share

2) Give

3) Pass

4) Convey

Ответы 3242431

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