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Sepak takraw

Have you heard of sepak takraw? It’s a sport in Southeast Asia which ( PLAY ) like volleyball, except players use their feet to kick the ball and not their hands.

The sport has been around since the 15th century, with records ( SHOW ) that it was played by one of the royal families of the Malay region at that time.

The word ‘sepak’ is Malay for ‘kick’ and ‘takraw’ is Thai for ‘woven ball’; thus, the name of the sport literally means ‘kick ball’. The combination of these words from different languages represents a symbol of solidarity between two of the ( POWERFUL ) countries in the region.

Sepak takraw

Have you heard of sepak takraw? It’s a sport in Southeast Asia which IS PLAYED like volleyball, except players use their feet to kick the ball and not their hands.

The sport has been around since the 15th century, with records SHOWING that it was played by one of the royal families of the Malay region at that time.

The word ‘sepak’ is Malay for ‘kick’ and ‘takraw’ is Thai for ‘woven ball’; thus, the name of the sport literally means ‘kick ball’. The combination of these words from different languages represents a symbol of solidarity between two of the MOST POWERFUL countries in the region.

1. What does «sepak» mean in Malay?

a) to kick a ball

b) woven rattan ball

c) kick

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2. Where can the origin of «Raga» be traced?

a) From the Malaccan Sultanate in Thailand

b) From Sulawesi

c) From Indonesia

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3. What did the Murals in Bangkok in 1785 depict?

a) The Malay ancestors playing sepak takraw

b) The Thai Sultan playing sepak takraw

c) The Hindu god playing sepak takraw in a ring with the monkeys

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4. Which is a FALSE statement?

a) In Indonesia, sepak takraw was spread from nearby Malacca across the strait to Riau islands and Riau area in Sumatra as early as the 16th century

b) There was no evidence that the Thai had played Sepak Takraw since the Ayutthaya Kingdom

c) It is a popular sport played by children in the Philippines

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5. Which is a TRUE statement?

a) Sepak takraw is played with a rattan ball

b) The volleyball-style net was introduced in 1929

c) Sepak takraw is the Philippine national sport

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The game of sepak takraw is relatively easy to master—that is, if you’re able to extend your leg well over your head while jumping, block a small ball traveling at 97 km/h (60 mph) with a flying headfirst leap, and perform a full-speed backward cartwheel that is timed to spike the ball into an area the size of a badminton court.

These are some of the maneuvers regularly practiced by skilled participants of sepak takraw, which the United States Takraw Association calls “volleyball, gymnastics, and soccer all rolled into one.” ”A game of world-class takraw seems to defy gravity,” according to Sports Illustrated.

Sepak takraw is the organized, competitive version of a game that has roots in several Southeast Asian countries and many variations.

The sport, which originally involved simply kicking around a rolled-up ball of cane, has been around in one form or another for centuries. In 1965 at the South-East Asian Peninsula Games (SEAP, later SEA) it became a multinational competitive sport. That event helped spark interest in a sport whose enthusiasts would like to see it enjoyed by the world at large. “With soccer exploding in popularity in this country and the exhilarating foot fun of takraw, we expect a whole new tribe of takraw enthusiasts to spread across the United States,” said the U.S. Takraw Association in 1997.

Several Southeast Asian countries claim sepak takraw as their own. The game has been played by the indigenous people of what is now Malaysia since the 15th century. Known as sepak raga—sepak is Bahasa Malaysia for “kick”—the game was played in the courts of early Malaysian royalty. “There are many references to it in Malayan folklore,” according to the International Dictionary of Sports and Games. “When Malaya was under British rule the game was partly replaced by rugby, cricket, and other sports. However, it survived in rural surroundings where it was a favorite recreation of the Malay peasants.” The game survived because of its simplicity: All that was required was a woven ball, and the game could be played indoors or out. Its popularity was reinforced because it required many of the skills of soccer, which was also popular in Malaysia and other Southeast Asian countries.

In traditional Malaysian sepak raga, groups of males standing in a circle attempted to keep the ball of rolled rattan cane aloft with their feet and heads. Participants often count the number of hits they are able to make. That version of the game is still played on street corners and in villages in Southeast Asia.

The game was also traditionally played in the Philippines, where it is known as sipak, and in Laos, Singapore, Indonesia, and other countries. It also has roots in Myanmar (formerly known as Burma). Some evidence suggests that in 1889 a Burmese by the name of Maung San Hyin introduced the game, known as shin long in that country, to Thailand. The game took off in Thailand, where it was called takraw, Thai for “woven ball,” and developed into a few variations that are still played.

Hoop takraw is one of the most difficult versions of the sport—and one of the most entertaining to watch. In hoop takraw, which is popular in Thailand, participants stand in a circle and hoops are suspended over the center of the circle. Each player makes a hoop out of his arms behind his back, and then he kicks the ball with his heel so that it goes through his arms and then through the hoops overhead. In another takraw version, participants keep the ball aloft and are judged by the audience for style and the difficulty of their moves.

To make the game more competitive, in 1945 Malaysian players began using a net, called a jaring, and playing the sport with rules similar to those of volleyball. Twenty years later the sport was set to be included in the SEAP Games, and officials from Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and Laos convened to adopt regulations for the sport. They adopted the name sepak takraw by combining the Malaysian and Thai names for the sport, and they created the Asian Sepak Takraw Federation.

In the early years of competitive sepak takraw, taller players dominated the sport. But eventually shorter players developed astonishing acrobatic moves, allowing them to spring into the air and spike the ball.

High-level takraw (often known in the West as foot volleyball) is something to watch. Two teams of three players face each other across a net 1.55 m (5 ft 1 in) high. Competitors use their feet, legs, head, and shoulder to volley the ball, which is the size of a grapefruit, back and forth across the net. But that description is a bit like saying that in basketball, Michael Jordan throws a leather ball into an iron hoop. “Top players perform midair somersaults, kicking the ball when their legs are several feet above the net and then magically gyrating and landing upright,” Sports Illustrated said. “Takraw is lightning fast: A well-kicked spike can accelerate the ball to 145 km/h (90 mph); a good serve can reach 97 km/h (60 mph).”

Sepak Takraw is a team sport that is immensely popular in South-East Asia. The game has a vibrant history, but it was developed and standardized in its current form in 1960.

So what is Sepak Takraw? Kick volleyball is another name for the sport.  It’s played by two teams of 2-4 players on a court very similar to a badminton or volleyball court. The sport is played using a rattan ball that is smaller in size than a volleyball.

The mechanics of this sport bear similarity to other sports such as Volleyball and Soccer, and at first glance, it appears to be a mixture of these two sports. In order to kick the ball over the net, there are spectacular jumps and flips because the arms cannot be used.

The name ‘Sepak Takraw‘ is a combination of two different words from two different languages. ‘Speak is a Malay word that means ‘to kick,’ while ‘Takraw’ is a Thai word that can be interpreted as woven rattan ball. Thus, Sepak Takraw translates to ‘to kick a rattan ball or kick ball.’

Sepak Takraw bears a resemblance to several native sports, particularly in South-East Asia. For example, Sepak Raga (in Brunei, Malaysia, and Singapore), Takraw (in Thailand), Rago (in Indonesia), Sipa (in the Philippines), Chinlone (in Myanmar), Kataw (in Laos), and Sek Dai (in Cambodia) are all different versions of Sepak Takraw that are played locally in these countries.

The exact origins of Sepak Takraw (also known as kick volleyball) are not precisely known, but the general understanding is that the sport was introduced to Southeast Asia by the Chinese. In fact, Sepak Takraw is thought to have similar beginnings as the most popular sport in the world – association soccer. The sport is believed to have evolved from the traditional Chinese game Cuju, which FIFA also recognizes as the earliest form of modern soccer. Cuju was a form of a military exercise in ancient China in which a group of soldiers would kick a leather ball amongst themselves and try to keep it airborne for as long as they could.

Historical records prove that Sepak Takraw background was popular in the Malacca Sultanate, modern-day Malaysia, as early as the 15th century. The sport finds a mention in the Malay manuscript called “Sejarah Melayu.” However, this was not a competitive sport contested between two teams but rather a fun game enjoyed by a group of individuals.

Sepak Takraw Origin

As we just mentioned, Sepak Takraw was not played as a competitive sport initially. However, the seeds of the modern competitive sport were sown simultaneously in Malaysia and Thailand during the first half of the twentieth century.

In Malaysia, the game was still called Sepak Raga, and records suggest that a competitive match was publicly played for the first time in 1935, as part of the celebrations for the Silver Jubilee of George V. The game was played on a badminton court, and in the state of Negeri Sembilan. However, the popularity of the sport soon spread to other regions, particularly in Penang. In February 1945, a Penang local Hamid Mydin put forward his version of the game, which included a net and borrowed a lot of principles from Badminton. His vision was backed by two Penang-based Sepak Raga players – Mohamad Abdul Rahman and Syed Yaacob. The new version was called “Sepak Raga Jaring” (Net Sepak Raga, and it soon gained popularity because of its quick pace and high level of athleticism.

First Tournament

The first official Sepak Takraw tournament was organized in Penang on May 16, 1945. However, the popularity of Sepak Raga Jaring soon spread from Penang to other regions such as Kedah, Kuala Lumpur, and Singapore. By 1960, the sport was famous throughout the country, and it was being played in most schools with badminton courts.

In Thailand, the Siam Sports Association drafted the first rules for the sport in 1929. In the 1930s, it is believed that the association introduced a volleyball-type net to the game and organized the first public competition. The sport’s popularity grew to such an extent that an exhibition of volleyball-style Takraw was played as part of the celebrations kingdom’s first constitution in 1933.

However, the standardization of the Sepak Takraw sport on an international level only took place in the 1960s. A lot of credit for this goes to sport’s enthusiasts in Penang. On March 25, 1956, Penang Sepak Raga Sponsors’ Committee was formed. This committee then held discussions with representatives from other regions such as Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Kedah, and Singapore to develop a national-level organization. Eventually, Malayan Sepak Raga Jaring Sponsors’ Committee was established on January 28, 1960. Furthermore, early Sepak Takraw rules and regulations were enacted on April 15 in Kuala Lumpur.

On June 25, a meeting was held in Penang, which led to the formation of the Malaysian Sepak Takraw Association (known as Malayan Sepak Raga Federation at the time). This meeting was presided over by Penang Chief Minister Wong Pow Nee. During the same meeting, Khir Johari was appointed as the organization’s first president, and Hamid Mydin was acknowledged as the founder of modern Sepak Raga.

Later in 1960, representatives from various countries such as Malaya, Singapore, Myanmar, and Thailand met in Kuala Lumpur. The objective was to standardize the regulations of the sport at the international level. After discussions, it was decided that the sport would be called Sepak Takraw henceforth.

Asian Sepak Takraw Federation was formed in 1965. In the same year, the third Southeast Asian Peninsular Games (now Southeast Asian Games) were held in Kuala Lumpur, and Sepak Takraw was included as a sport for the first time. Since then, the sport has been a significant attraction in the biennial multi-sport event.

In the 1970 Asian Games, held in Bangkok, Malaysian and Thai teams played an exhibition Sepak Takraw match. Sepak Takraw was included as one of the medal sports in the Asian Games for the first time in 1990 after some tough lobbying from the Asian Sepak Takraw Federation.

In 1985, the first-ever The King’s Cup Sepaktakraw World Championship was organized in Thailand. This tournament has become the most prestigious international event in Sepak Takraw. It is held every year in Thailand, and so far, 34 editions have been organized.

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In 1988, the International Sepak Takraw Federation (ISTAF) was established. The International Sepak Takraw Federation was the first international governing body for the sport and was recognized by the Olympic Movement in 1990. It’s responsible for the rules for competitive play and the growth of the game.

The first International Sepak Takraw Federation World Cup was held in 2011 in Kuala Lumpur for both men and women. The second World Cup took place in 2017, and the third edition is scheduled for 2022.

Where Is It Played?

At present, there are more than 30 countries that have national-level Sepak Takraw federations recognized by ISTAF.

The 2011 World Cup saw 36 different teams and 180 athletes across men’s and women’s versions. In the Men’s version, 23 nations participated, and in the women’s division, 11 did. Most of the participating nations were from South-East Asia, but there were notable exceptions such as Australia, Japan, Iran, Germany, South Korea, France, the United States, and Switzerland. The tournament was broadcast in 68 countries.

Southeast Asian countries still dominate the game, but some new countries like Oman, India, and Iran have emerged as strong contenders in recent years. Outside Asia, the game is still in the nascent stage.

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In the United States, Sepak Takraw gained popularity in the 1980s, especially in and around Los Angles. Asian immigrants and students brought the game to the country – mainly Malaysian, Lao, Hmong, and Thai communities. Students from Northrop University in Inglewood even participated in an international tournament in Kuala Lumpur in November 1987. Since then, the U.S. national team has featured in some major international Sepak Takraw tournaments.

Kurt Sonderegger has been the flagbearer of the sport in the country. Due to his efforts, the U.S. National Takraw Championships is now an annual feature.

Rules And How To Play

Firstly, there are multiple versions of Sepak Takraw currently played at the international level – Hoop, Doubles, and Regu. In Sepak Takraw, ‘Regu’ is also used to refer to teams. It is also the most popular version of the game, and we will focus on that.

In the Regu category, two teams (or Regus) of three players compete against each other. Each team consists of a striker, a server, and a feeder. A coin toss is used to determine which team would serve first and get their preferred side.

Before the service, all players of the servicing team are expected to stand in their assigned areas – a circle for the sever and two quarter-circles next to the net for the remaining two players. The feeder is supposed to toss (or feed) the ball toward the server, and the latter must send the ball to the opposite of the net with a kick while keeping one leg in the circle.

The western version of this South-East Asian game is known as Beach Soccer.

On the opposite side of the net, the server and feeder are expected to receive the service and set the Sepak Takraw ball for the striker to hit back past the net. Like Volleyball, a team is allowed three touches of the ball to send it back over the net. Sepak Takraw players are allowed to touch the ball using their feet, head, knees, and chest.

The play continues until a team fails to send the ball over the net or hit it out of the play. This awards a point to the opposite side. Next, a team is allowed to serve three times, and then the service is passed to the opposition.

The first team to reach 21 points wins the set. In case of a 20-20 tie, a tiebreaker is played – like Volleyball or Badminton. To win the match, a team must win two sets. However, the third and decisive set is only played up to 15 points, but it follows similar tiebreakers’ rules.

Sepak Takraw Ball

Takraw means ‘woven rattan ball’ in the Thai language. Sepak Takraw was initially played with balls made from rattan. However, synthetic fiber or plastic has also been used to make balls recently. Sepak Takraw balls are spherical in shapes. Balls made from synthetic rubber must have 12 holes in their surface and 20 intersections.

Circumference of the Sepak Takraw ball should be between 42 to 44 cm (16.5–17.3 in) for the men’s game and between 43 to 45 cm (16.9–17.7 in) for women. Furthermore, Sepak Takraw balls should weigh from 170 to 180 g (6.0–6.3 oz) for the men’s game and from 150 to 160 g (5.3–5.6 oz) for women.

Shoes For Sepak Takraw

Sepak Takraw shoes are light in weight and have flat soles. They are made for a good grip on a surface – both indoor and outdoor. Players also use extra padding in their shoes for protection from constant jumping and landing. Nanyang is a famous Thailand brand that makes shoes for Sepak Takraw.

Sepak Takraw Court

A Sepak Takraw court resembles a badminton court. Dimensions of a Sepak Takraw are 44 ft × 20 ft (3.4 meters by 6.1 meters). The width of boundary lines drawn on the court should not be more than 4 centimeters (1.6 in). The centerline dividing the court into two halves should be 2 cm (0.79 in) wide.

The radius of two semi-circles drawn at both ends of center circles is 0.9 meters (2 ft 11 in). The radius of service circles is 0.3 meters. The center of a service circle is 2.45 meters from the baselines or backlines of a court.

Sepak Takraw Net

A Sepak Takraw net is very similar to the one used in Volleyball, and it is generally made of nylon. The net contains 6 cm to 8 cm mesh, very much like a volleyball net.

The net should span the width of the court and should be 0.7 m wide. The net height should be 1.52 m for men and 1.42 m for women at the center of the court, and 1.55m for men, and 1.45 m for women at posts.

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Source: Author malaun

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