Since he was a boy sean ireton егэ - Помощь в подготовке к экзаменам и поступлению

When they got near Pradollano, a ski village near Mulhacen, the family pitched their tent in the woods. At this time of year, the mountain’s snowy trails were well packed and straightforward, requiring a hiker to travel at only a moderate clip to reach Mulhacen’s broad summit in about four hours. Early the next morning, Sean put on several layers of warm clothes and set out under a purple and golden sunrise.

Now it was dark, and Sean’s wife and son lay in their tent and worried. ‘When is Dad coming back?’ Aidan asked Megan over and over. ‘Why isn’t he back yet?’

‘He’ll be back soon, sweetie,’ his mother reassured him. In the past her husband had returned late from excursions. But this was pushing it, so sometime after midnight, Megan got up and took Aidan into town to look for help. The ordinarily lively village was deserted, the motionless chairlifts hanging eerily in the dark. Megan didn’t speak Spanish, and a hotel clerk’s directions just sent them in circles. They had to wait till morning. ‘Aidan was so upset,’ Megan recalls. ‘He sensed something was wrong. He had that child’s intuition.’

Sean had neared Mulhacen’s summit by mid-afternoon but turned around a few hundred metres from the top when the trail became dangerously steep and icy. Clouds blew in as he descended, and he veered off track. By the time he realised his mistake, daylight was fading, and it had begun to drizzle. ‘I was getting wet, and it was growing dark fast,* he recalls. Luckily, he spied a crude stone shelter nearby. ‘I didn’t want to get lost and end up on the other side of the mountain, so I decided to spend the night in the hut.* Inside, it was dark and clammy, but there was a table, wooden bunks, and even some foam padding for a bed. Sean ate a chocolate bar from his backpack, and settled in. It would be an easy hike back to camp in the morning, and he imagined his family’s relief when he returned unharmed.

Sean was on foot again by 6 a.m., tracking his way across a broad bowl and up a steep, snowy slope. On the other side of the ridge there was the ski area, and from there he could practically jog down the slopes. He made good progress until a storm suddenly swept over the ridge and nearly blew him off his feet. In minutes, he was caught in a white-out. ‘If I can just make the ridge, Fm home free,’ Sean thought, as he powered forward, bending against the gale.

But the ridge never appeared, and Sean knew it was crazy to stay on the exposed slope. He’d have to find an alternative route. He had no idea where he was but thought he could make out a trail still farther below.

Sean studied the snow in front of him. It looked hard and slick. He regretted that he hadn’t brought his crampons — sharp spikes that attach to hiking boots — or an ice axe, which would have helped ensure safe passage. All he had was a pair of trekking poles. He reached out a foot to test the frozen surface and gradually brought his weight down. For a moment, he balanced but then his feet shot out from under him, and he began tumbling down the steep slope. He accelerated as he fell, rolling wildly over rocks and snow. When he came to rest, far below from where he had stood, he was in a seated position as if he’d just plopped down to have a snack. It would have been comical if he hadn’t been so stunned.

He sat for a while and gathered his wits. He was wearing only a ski hat but his head seemed OK. Then Sean looked down at his legs. The long underwear covering his left leg was shredded, and bright red blood soaked the abraded flesh around his kneecap.

He gingerly inspected the wound. With effort, he got back on his feet, but his injured leg buckled beneath him, and he fell face-first into the snow. He felt a hot surge of alarm. He was kilometres away from help, and certainly no one would come through this area for days, maybe weeks. He sat in the snow, on the verge of despair.

ВОПРОС 1 The main aim of Sean’s visit to Spain was
1) to climb the highest peak on the Spanish mainland.
2) touring and walking.
3) to try the regional cuisine.
4) to enjoy the country’s robust red wines.

ВОПРОС 2 At that time of year, the mountain’s snowy trails were
l)icy.
2) slippery.
3) difficult.
4) uncomplicated.

ВОПРОС 3 Megan and Aidan had to wait till morning because
1) Megan didn’t speak Spanish.
2) the chairlifts didn’t work at night.
3) they couldn’t find any help.
4) a hotel clerk’s directions were wrong.

ВОПРОС 4 Sean
1) reached Mulhacen’s summit by mid-afternoon.
2) lost his way.
3) descended until dawn.
4) decided to spend the night in the wooden hut.

ВОПРОС 5 Sean could not make the ridge because
1) it was too far.
2) he was very tired.
3) of a blizzard.
4) of a strong wind and poor visibility.

ВОПРОС 6 Sean fell down the slope because
1) a strong wind was blowing.
2) the slope was too steep.
3) he didn’t have special equipment.
4) he didn’t use his trekking poles.

ВОПРОС 7 While falling, Sean
1) was not injured.
2) injured his head.
3) shattered his kneecap.
4) broke his leg.

ВОПРОС 1: – 1
ВОПРОС 2: – 4
ВОПРОС 3: – 3
ВОПРОС 4: – 2
ВОПРОС 5: – 4
ВОПРОС 6: – 3
ВОПРОС 7: – 3

Источник

***

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Missing

Now it was dark, and Sean’s wife and son lay in their tent and worried. «When is Dad coming back?» Aidan asked Megan over and over. «Why isn’t he back yet?»

«He’ll be back soon, sweetie,» his mother reassured him. In the past her husband had returned late from excursions. But this was pushing it, so sometime after midnight, Megan got up and took Aidan into town to look for help. The ordinarily lively village was deserted, the motionless chairlifts hanging eerily in the dark. Megan didn’t speak Spanish, and a hotel clerk’s directions just sent them in circles. They had to wait till morning. «Aidan was so upset,» Megan recalls. «He sensed something was wrong. He had that child’s intuition.»

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Источник

Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырёх разделов («Аудирование, «Чтение», «Грамматика и лексика», «Письмо»), включающих в себя 40 заданий.
На выполнение экзаменационной работы отводится 3 часа (180 минут).

Пробный вариант составлен на основе официальной демоверсии от ФИПИ за 2021 год по русскому языку.

В конце варианта приведены правильные ответы ко всем заданиям. Вы можете свериться с ними и найти у себя ошибки.

Скачать тренировочный вариант ЕГЭ: Скачать

Решать работу: Онлайн

Интересные задания

10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Struggle for Survival
2. Ancient Wonder
3. Great Beginning
4. Important Event
5. Tourist Boom
6. Agriculture Success
7. Practical Invention
8. Living Longer

A. Computers have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.
B. Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement, ‘That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ However, progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into research as in the 1960s.
C. Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! Lots of people have benefited from aspirin and lots of lives have been saved by penicillin. Surgeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average life expectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years.
D. In the past, a holiday used to mean simply a day when you did not work. Now millions of holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists in their countries, but we must admit that a phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble is a wonder of the world.
E. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship. We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.
F. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, ‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of olcorn grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians’. In Europe farmers have done it and we produce enough food to feed the world. If only politicians could find a way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.
G. The greatest wonder of the modern world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we try our best not to use them. Because of people’s effort no government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise awareness of the issues of war and peace.

12. The main aim of Sean’s visit to Spain was
1) to climb the highest peak on the Spanish mainland.
2) touring and walking.
3) to try the regional cuisine.
4) to enjoy the country’s robust red wines.

13. At that time of year, the mountain’s snowy trails were
1) icy.
2) slippery.
3) difficult.
4) uncompicated.

14. Megan and Aidan had to wait till morning because
1) Megan didn’t speak Spanish.
2) the chairlifts didn’t work at night.
3) the couldn’t find any help.
4) a hotel clerk’s directions were wrong.

15. Sean
1) reached Mulhacén’s summit by mid-afternoon.
2) lost his way.
3) descended until dawn.
4) decided to spend the night in the wooden hut.

16. Sean could not make the ridge because
1) it was too far.
2) he was very tired.
3) of a blizzard.
4) of a strong wind and poor visibility.

17. Sean fell down the slope because
1) a strong wind was blowing.
2) the slope was too steep.
3) he didn’t have special equipment.
4) he didn’t us his trekking poles.

18. While falling, Sean
1) was not injured.
2) injured his head.
3) shattered his kneecap.
4) broke his leg.

39. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Gloria who writes:

… I’ve always wanted to visit Moscow, to see the sights and to try Russian food so it’ll be great to spend a week at your place. Any ideas as to what we could do? Should I bring any special clothes?
Do let me know if there is anything I can get you from England…

Write back to Gloria.
In your letter
− answer his questions giving relevant details
− ask 3 questions about his birthday party
Write 100–140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

40. Comment one of the following statements.

40.1. The invention of the car changed the world for the better.

40.2 Violence on TW leads to violence in society and, therefore, must be forbidden

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Источник

43 задание егэ английский язык

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение.

1. I eat little and rather irregularly.
2. I am trying to get used to everyday healthy activities.
3. I feel unable to stop myself from eating.
4. I am afraid of having the same health problems as my relatives do.
5. I am willing to return to a healthy lifestyle despite being tired.
6. I am sure that I exercise enough while carrying out my everyday duties.
7. I feel now like starting a healthy life again.

A – 5
B – 2
C – 7
D – 6
E – 1
F – 4

Speaker A: Right now I’m trying to find a way to regain a healthy lifestyle despite being busy. I’ve completely lost the athleticism that was a large part of my identity and I can’t stand it any more. Now I’m trying to regain general fitness. So I’ve been biking to work (about 20 minutes) for two months now, trying to get more veggies and whole grain in my life, drinking lots of water, and I’m hoping to start walking more although right now I have to work a lot and usually feel too exhausted after work to do anything else.

Speaker B: My name is Katie, I’m 25 years old, and I started making a conscious effort to develop healthy habits about a year ago. The first thing I did was give up smoking. My goals are mainly to exercise regularly, drink enough water, and eat fruits and veggies daily. I do keep track of what I eat with journaling although I’m not a calorie counter, and I don’t own scales or restrict myself in any way. I just want to be stronger and feel better through trying to meet those goals every day. Now I feel I can do it.

Speaker С: A year or so ago, I was in pretty good shape and paying a lot of attention to my health. I slipped back into inactivity and unhealthy eating for various reasons. I miss what I had, but I’ve had a hard time finding the motivation to return to my usual healthy lifestyle. Spring is just arriving — sunny sky, warmer weather, longer days, green leaves peeking up from last season’s dead grass. The improvement in the weather is lifting my spirits, so I’ve decided to take advantage of the extra energy and design for myself a spring fitness challenge.

Speaker D: I have just realised that at least six days out of seven, I do the amount of exercise that is recommended for those whose goal is a healthy lifestyle, just by walking during my daily routine. About three times a week, I do more, sometimes considerably more. Despite that, I often do myself down by telling people I don’t exercise at all. I think some part of my brain still believes that because I’m doing it as part of my routine rather than going to any special effort, it can’t be taken into account.

Speaker E: Hi! I’m Alex. I’ve had terribly unhealthy eating habits for the last few years. I never took much time to eat and ended up eating very few meals. I’m trying to develop healthier eating habits, and I wonder what would constitute a balanced meal. For breakfast I eat a bowl of cereal and yogurt. Then grab five pieces of fruit I divide between lunch and dinner. It’s more than I usually eat, but I know there’s still a lot of room for improvement. At the same time I’m worried about going overboard, which can happen very easily for me.

Speaker F: I am 27 years old, and I come from a family of rather overweight people. I’ve been working to live a more healthy and fit lifestyle since last December. Over the past three years, I’ve watched older relatives dealing with serious health problems, and it’s been a wake up call for me to start taking care of myself while I’m young and my state of health hasn’t become worse. I’d like to start a family in the next couple of years, and it would be great to be able to keep up with my children as the years go by.

4. New field for the old museum

3. New collections for the new building

Задачи для практики

She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in the morning.

Tonail. com

10.07.2019 2:37:02

2019-07-10 02:37:02

Задание 43. Монолог. Описание фотографий. ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку

За это задание ты можешь получить 5 баллов. На решение дается около 4 минут. Уровень сложности: Базовый.
Средний процент выполнения: 76.3%
Ответом к заданию 43 по английскому языку может быть Подробный ответ (нужно дать объяснение, описание или обоснование; высказать и аргументировать собственное мнение).

Задачи для практики

Необходимо зарегистрироваться

Для доступа к решениям необходимо включить уведомления от группы Турбо в вк — это займет буквально 10 секунд. Никакого спама, только самое важное и полезное для тебя. Ты всегда можешь запретить уведомления.

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Задание 43. Монолог. Описание фотографий. ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку

Необходимо зарегистрироваться

A – 5
B – 2
C – 7
D – 6
E – 1
F – 4

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

Egeturbo. ru

10.07.2019 2:37:02

2018-11-16 04:02:46

43 задание егэ английский язык

Ускоренная подготовка к ЕГЭ с репетиторами Учи. Дома. Записывайтесь на бесплатное занятие!

—>

При выполнении заданий с кратким ответом впишите в поле для ответа цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа, или число, слово, последовательность букв (слов) или цифр. Ответ следует записывать без пробелов и каких-либо дополнительных символов. Для выполнения заданий 1, 2 прослушайте аудиозапись и выпишите правильную последовательность цифр. Для выполнения заданий 3—9 прослушайте интервью и выберите один из трех вариантов ответа. В задании 10 установите соответствие между текстами A—G и заголовками 1—8. В задании один заголовок лишний. В задании 11 прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

При выполнении заданий 19—25, преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Записывайте ответы без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов; не копируйте слова-ответы из браузера, вписывайте их, набирая с клавиатуры. При выполнении заданий 26—31, образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Записывайте ответы без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов; не копируйте слова-ответы из браузера, вписывайте их, набирая с клавиатуры. Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Если вариант задан учителем, вы можете вписать или загрузить в систему ответы к заданиям с развернутым ответом. Учитель увидит результаты выполнения заданий с кратким ответом и сможет оценить загруженные ответы к заданиям с развернутым ответом. Выставленные учителем баллы отобразятся в вашей статистике.

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

1. I eat little and rather irregularly.

2. I am trying to get used to everyday healthy activities.

3. I feel unable to stop myself from eating.

4. I am afraid of having the same health problems as my relatives do.

5. I am willing to return to a healthy lifestyle despite being tired.

6. I am sure that I exercise enough while carrying out my everyday duties.

7. I feel now like starting a healthy life again.

Говорящий	A	B	C	D	E	F
Утверждение

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста, какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

A) Mike’s administrative work was very well paid.

B) Mary did not do well at University because she had to earn her living.

C) Mary was younger than the other students at her university.

D) Mary thinks that regular classes are rather time-consuming.

E) Mary thinks that she can’t study better than when she was younger.

F) Distance learning seems to be very convenient for Mary.

G) Mike does not feel disappointed about going to University.

Запишите в ответ цифры, расположив их в порядке, соответствующем буквам:

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

The TV programme is designed to feature

1) actors pretending to be ordinary people.

2) people who vote for themselves to win a prize.

3) real people preparing dinner parties in their own homes.

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

The funniest part of the program is generally the

1) kitchen scenes of preparation and cooking.

2) contestants trying to impress each other.

3) host selecting ingredients.

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

The narrator believes that people are fascinated by other peoples’ homes

1) since everybody likes to show off their homes.

2) but doesn’t know why.

3) because decor and layout are fascinating.

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

Each of the guests

1) gives the host a mark out of 10.

2) privately complains about the host.

3) publicly thanks the host.

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

Some of the shows contestants

1) leave the show on a Friday.

2) become real TV stars.

3) become minor celebrities.

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

The celebrity version of the show works well because

1) much is already known about the contestants.

2) the prizes go to charity.

3) celebrities often hate each other.

Вы услышите репортаж дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

The narrator might apply for the show because

1) he’d serve fish that he caught.

2) it would probably be good fun.

3) in reality he’s a professional chef.

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

1. Reason for extension

2. Presents begin to enrich the collection

3. New collections for the new building

4. New field for the old museum

5. Shift towards history

6. First famous exhibits

7. One on the basis of two

8. Location of the museum

A. The present Ashmolean Museum was created in 1908 by combining two ancient Oxford institutions: the University Art Collection and the original Ashmolean Museum. The older partner in this merger, the University Art Collection, was based for many years in what is now the Upper Reading Room in the Bodleian Library.

B. The collection began modestly in the 1620s with a handful of portraits and curiosities displayed in a small room on the upper floor. In the 17th century there were added notable collections of coins and medals later incorporated into the Ashmolean coin collection. The objects of curiosity included Guy Fawkes’ lantern and a sword given by the Pope to Henry VIII, and a number of more exotic items.

C. In the 1660s and 70s, the collection grew rapidly and, in 1683, the Bodleian Gallery was left to develop as a museum of art. At first, it was a gallery of portraits of distinguished contemporaries, but from the mid 1660s, it began to acquire a more historical perspective with the addition of images of people from the past: college founders, scientists, soldiers, monarchs, writers and artists.

D. In the eighteenth century, several painters donated self-portraits. They also added a number of landscapes, historical paintings and scenes from contemporary life. Other donors, former members of the University, added collections of Old Masters so that by the early nineteenth century, it had become an art gallery of general interest and an essential point of call on the tourist map. The public was admitted on payment of a small charge. Catalogues were available at the entrance and the paintings were well displayed in a large gallery.

E. It was only with the gift of a collection of ancient Greek and Roman statuary from the Countess of Pomfret in 1755 that the need for a new art gallery became urgent. The marble figures were too heavy to be placed in an upstairs gallery and were installed in a dark ground-floor room in the library pending the creation of a new museum.

F. Before the new museum was finished, a major group of drawings by Raphael and Michelangelo was purchased by public subscription for the new galleries, establishing the importance of the Oxford museum as a centre for the study of Old Master drawings. The new museum also attracted gifts of paintings. In 1851, a collection of early Italian paintings, which included Uccello’s «Hunt in the Forestone of the museum’s major works of art was presented.

G. In the 1850s, the University established a new Natural History Museum, which is now known as the Oxford University Museum of Natural History. And all the natural history specimens from the Ashmolean were transferred to the new institution. Having lost what had become the most important element in its collection, the Ashmolean was to find a major new role in the emerging field of archaeology.

Текст	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
Заголовок

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Fire Crews Hunt Escaped Hamster

Eight firefighters have been called in to help find an escaped hamster. Two crews used a chocolate-covered camera and a vacuum cleaner A ____ , called Fudgie, at the home of a six-year-old girl in Dunbar, Scotland.

The girl’s mother said: ‘We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone В ____ .’

The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still refused С ____ .

In the search for Fudgie, the firefighters took the family cooker and gas pipes apart. They also dropped a mini-camera coated with chocolate under the floorboards. They then hoped to take out the hamster using a vacuum cleaner. Despite all their efforts, they failed to find Fudgie.

In the end, the firefighters put another camera down the hole D ____ , connected to the screen of the family home computer, to see if Fudgie appeared. Besides, the girl and her parents regularly dropped food E ____ .

At last, after eight days the hamster returned to her cage safe and sound. She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in the morning. It was the girl’s father who first found Fudgie F ____ .

The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie had finally returned.

1. through a small hole in the floor

2. through the hole for the hamster

3. and locked the runaway hamster

4. to come out of the hole

5. to look after the pet

6. to try and locate the missing hamster

7. and left it under the floorboards

Пропуск	A	B	C	D	E	F
Часть предложения

Why did schoolchildren like the new teacher, Mr. Sampson?

1) They liked his appearance.

2) He often went for a walk with them.

3) He organized competitions for them.

4) They enjoyed listening to his stories.

A School Story

It happened at my private school thirty odd years ago, and I still can’t explain it. I came to that school in September and among the boys who arrived on the same day was one whom I took to. I will call him McLeod. The school was a large one: there must have been from 120 to 130 boys there as a rule, and so a considerable staff of masters was required. One term a new master made his appearance. His name was Sampson. He was a tall, well-built, pale, black-bearded man. I think we liked him. He had travelled a good deal, and had stories which amused us on our school walks, so that there was some competition among us to get a chance to listen to him.

Well, the first odd thing that happened was this. Sampson was doing Latin grammar with us. One of his favourite methods was to make us construct sentences out of our own heads to illustrate the rules he was trying to teach us. Now, on this occasion he ordered us each to make a sentence bringing in the verb memlnij ‘I remember.’ Well, most of us made up some ordinary sentence such as ‘I remember my father, ’ but the boy I mentioned — McLeod — was evidently thinking of something more interesting than that. Finally, very quickly he wrote a couple of lines on his paper, and showed it up with the rest. The phrase was “Remember the lake among the four oaks.” Later McLeod told me that it had just come into his head. When Sampson read it he got up and went to the man — tel-piece and stopped quite a long time without saying anything looking really embarrassed. Then he wanted to know why McLeod had put it down, and where his family lived, and if there was such a lake there, and things like that.

There was one other incident of the same kind. We were told to make a conditional sentence, expressing a future consequence. We did it and showed up our bits of paper, and Sampson began looking through them. All at once he got up, made some odd sort of noise in his throat, and rushed out. I noticed that he hadn’t taken any of the papers with him, so we went to look at them on his desk. The top paper on the desk was written in red ink — which no one used — and it wasn’t in anyone’s handwriting who was in the class. I questioned everyone myself! Then I thought of counting the bits of paper: there were seventeen of them on the desk, and sixteen boys in the form. I put the extra paper in my bag and kept it. The phrase on it was simple and harmless enough: ‘If you don’t come to me, I’ll come to you.’ That same afternoon I took it out of my bag — I know for certain it was the same bit of paper, for I made a fingermark on it — and there was no single piece of writing on it!

The next day Sampson was in school again, much as usual. That night the third and last incident in my story happened. We — McLeod and I — slept in a bedroom the windows of which looked out at the main building of the school. Sampson slept in the main building on the first floor. At an hour which I can’t remember exactly, but some time between one and two, I was woken up by somebody shaking me. I saw McLeod in the light of the moon which was looking right into our windows. ‘Come,’ he said, — ‘come, there’s someone getting in through Sampson’s window. About five minutes before I woke you, I found myself looking out of this window here, and there was a man sitting on Sampson’s window-sill, and looking in.’ ‘What sort of man? Is anyone from the senior class going to play a trick on him? Or was it a burglar?!’ McLeod seemed unwilling to answer. ‘I don’t know,’ he said, ‘but I can tell you one thing — he was as thin as a rail, and water was running down his hair and clothing and/ he said, looking round and whispering as if he hardly liked to hear himself, ‘I’m not at all sure that he was alive.’ Naturally I came and looked, and naturally there was no one there.

And next day Mr. Sampson was gone: not to be found, and I believe no trace of him has ever come to light since. Neither McLeod nor I ever mentioned what we had seen to anyone. We seemed unable to speak about it. We both felt strange horror which neither could explain.

How did Mr. Sampson teach Latin grammar?

1) He told the pupils to learn the rules by heart.

2) He asked the pupils to make up example sentences.

3) He illustrated the rules with pictures.

4) He made up interesting sentences to illustrate the rules.

A School Story

При выполнении заданий 19 25, преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов.

En-ege. sdamgia. ru

13.07.2018 10:02:54

2018-07-13 10:02:54

Источники:

Https://tonail. com/%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-43-%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F/

Https://egeturbo. ru/ege/eng/tasks/43

Https://en-ege. sdamgia. ru/test? id=1794898

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на диалог и утверждения – АНГЛИЙСКИЙ в полном порядке » /> » /> .keyword { color: red; } 43 задание егэ английский язык

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на диалог и утверждения

Задание 43 на текст и пропущенные слова

Задание 43 на подготовку к ЕГЭ по английскому. В тексте имеются пропуски слов. Для каждого пропуска даны несколько вариантов. Определите, какой вариант верный.

Qualities of a Good Leader

How often have you heard the comment, ‘He or she is a born leader’? Whether in fact a person is born a leader or develops skills and abilities to become a leader is open for debate. There are some clear characteristics that are found in good leaders.

First of all, a good leader has an exemplary character. It is of UPRIGHT / UPTURN / UTTER / UTMOST importance that a leader is trustworthy to lead others. A leader needs to be trusted and be known to live their life with honestly and integrity. A good leader ‘walks the talk’ and in doing so earns the right to have responsibility for others. True authority is born from respect FOR / TO / OF / BY the good character and trustworthiness of the person who leads.

A good leader is ENTHUSIASTIC / DEVOTED / FOND / KEEN about their work and also about their role as leader. People will respond more openly to a person of passion and dedication. Leaders need to be able to be a source of inspiration, and be a motivator towards the required action or cause.

A good leader is CONSCIOUS / COMMITTED / DELIGHTED / RESPECTED to excellence. Second HAND / HEAD / CLASS / BEST does not lead to success.

The good leader not only maintains high standards, but also is proactive in raising the bar in order to achieve excellence in all areas.

Good leaders are tolerant of ambiguity and remain calm, composed and steadfast to the main purpose. Storms, emotions, and crises come and go and a good leader takes these as part of the journey and keeps a FRESH / COLD / COOL / CHILLY head.

These personal characteristics are foundational to good leadership and naturally put people in a position where they’re looked AFTER / OVER / UP / UP TO as leaders. A good leader whether they naturally possess these qualities or not, will be diligent to consistently develop and strengthen them in their leadership role.

Qualities of a Good Leader

First of all, a good leader has an exemplary character. It is of UTMOST importance that a leader is trustworthy to lead others. A leader needs to be trusted and be known to live their life with honestly and integrity. A good leader ‘walks the talk’ and in doing so earns the right to have responsibility for others. True authority is born from respect FOR the good character and trustworthiness of the person who leads.

A good leader is ENTHUSIASTIC about their work and also about their role as leader. People will respond more openly to a person of passion and dedication. Leaders need to be able to be a source of inspiration, and be a motivator towards the required action or cause.

A good leader is COMMITTED to excellence. Second BEST does not lead to success.

The good leader not only maintains high standards, but also is proactive in raising the bar in order to achieve excellence in all areas.

These personal characteristics are foundational to good leadership and naturally put people in a position where they’re looked UP TO as leaders. A good leader whether they naturally possess these qualities or not, will be diligent to consistently develop and strengthen them in their leadership role.

As we can see from the chart, 55.4% of readers in Zetland prefer adventure stories to all other genres, while romance Is the least well-liked Kind of literature among youngsters with only a fifth from that number (17.6 %) present in the opinion poll. Also, teenagers are keen on reading detective/war/spy, sports, and animal stories.

Проект – задание вкусное, потому что может принести 14 баллов на экзамене. И если письмо (задание 39) рекомендую писать сразу на чистовик, чтобы сэкономить время, то проект лучше распланировать и написать сначала на черновик, а потом перенести в бланк ответов.

Грамматические ошибки

Below I will give my comments on the results of the poll.

Tonail. com

30.01.2019 15:23:12

2019-01-30 15:23:12

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на диалог и утверждения

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated).

A) Mike’s administrative work was very well paid.
В) Mary did not do well at University because she had to earn her living.
С) Mary was younger than the other students at her university.
D) Mary thinks that regular classes are rather time-consuming.
E) Mary thinks that she can’t study better than when she was younger.
F) Distance learning seems to be very convenient for Mary.
G) Mike does not feel disappointed about going to University.

A) Mike’s administrative work was very well paid. FALSE
В) Mary did not do well at University because she had to earn her living. NOT STATED
С) Mary was younger than the other students at her university. FALSE
D) Mary thinks that regular classes are rather time-consuming. NOT STATED
E) Mary thinks that she can’t study better than when she was younger. FALSE
F) Distance learning seems to be very convenient for Mary. TRUE
G) Mike does not feel disappointed about going to University. TRUE

Mike: I’m 39 now and I resumed my studies when my son started Grade One. Now I’m very happy that I made up my mind to do this. I’ll be graduating in April and hopefully start teaching high school English in September.
Mary: What had you been doing before you went to university?
Mike: I had been doing administrative work for 13 years, straight out of high school. I had got very tired and fed up with the low pay and the monotonous nature of the work. So I started university.
Mary: That’s a right decision, indeed. As for me, I went to university at more or less the normal age. I was actually 21 at the time. But I did so miserably that the university suggested that I not return. Since then I’ve been basically wasting my time.
Mike: And what are your plans?
Mary: You see, one day I was fiddling around on the web and found some information about distance learning. It’s fabulous if you can’t take the time out to go to people-ridden classes, because you can work it around your own schedule.
Mike: Yes, I think the fact that you can do the work in your own space and your own time is really helping.
Mary: Of course, I will have deadlines to meet, but they’re not the same as the in-class sort. Handing things in doesn’t depend on anyone else’s office hours or class times, which is really handy. I will only have to contact my tutors when I want to or need to, or when I’m required to do an oral quiz or exam.
Mike: I think it’s a very good idea. Going to university was the best thing I have ever done. I found it was more fun than I expected, and the benefits outweighed the disadvantages. I learned so much about myself, and I’m very proud of my accomplishments!
Mary: And I expect my ability to study to be much better than it used to be and things come much more easily. While I still see doing some of the work as a chore, at least this time around I’m actually enjoying it.

It is hard to deny the importance of reading in a teenager’s life. I have decided to do a project on what book genres are popular among teenagers and Found the results of an opinion poll to illustrate some of my ideas. Below I will give my comments on the results of the poll.

Да, или-или. Потому что ученику нужно будет Выбрать, какое задание он захочет делать, и написать перед описанием проекта соответствующую цифру в бланке – 40.1 или 40.2.

Решение коммуникативной задачи

I have decided to do a project on what book genres are popular among teenagers and found the results of an opinion poll to illustrate some of my ideas.

Tonail. com

01.07.2020 0:54:40

2020-07-01 00:54:40

Проект ЕГЭ. Задание 40

Задание 40 в письменной части ЕГЭ занудно называется “развёрнутое письменное высказывание с элементами рассуждения на основе таблицы/диаграммы”. Но я его дальше буду именовать просто “проект”. Не таблицы и не графики, и с Writing task 1 на IELTS это задание почти не имеет ничего общего. Period

Вот как эта тварь будет выглядеть на экзамене:

Рекомендуемое время написания задания 40 на экзамене – 60 минут.

Если хотите научиться писать это задание на максимум, или чтобы ваши ученики смогли это сделать, – покупайте книгу по графикам, где подробны расписаны все этапы правильного написания этого задания!

Критерии оценивания

Чтобы понять, как писать Нужно, ознакомимся с критериями оценивания задания 40 с сайта ФИПИ.

Теперь разберем подробнее.

Решение коммуникативной задачи

По критерию “решение коммуникативной задачи” можно максимум получить 3 балла. Расшифрую, за что их дают:

С темой

По плану

Все пункты

Достаточно слов

Нейтральный

Количество слов, необходимое для получения максимального балла, указано в самом задании – “Write 200-250 words”. Допустимо отклонение от заданного объема на 10%. То есть, можно написать От 180 до 275 слов. Если напишите меньше 180 слов, задание проверять не будут – эксперт поставит 0 за решение коммуникативной задачи, а 0 за этот пункт означает 0 за все задание 40. И довольный учитель проверяет на 1 сочинение меньше. А если ученик превысит порог в 275 слов, эксперт отчеркнет 250-е слово и дальше просто проверять не будет. То есть, если за 250 словами остались контраргументы или заключение, они просто не будут засчитаны и максимум за этот критерий вам не видать.

Про Критерии подсчета слов. При определении соответствия объёма представленной работы вышеуказанным требованиям считаются все слова, с первого слова по последнее, включая вспомогательные глаголы, предлоги, артикли, частицы. При этом:
 числительные, выраженные цифрами, т. е. 1, 25, 2009, 126 204 и т. п., считаются как одно слово;
 числительные, выраженные цифрами, вместе с условным обозначением процентов, т. е. 25%, 100% и т. п., считаются как одно слово;
 числительные, выраженные словами, считаются как слова;
 сложные слова, такие как good-looking, well-bred, English-speaking, twenty-five, считаются как одно слово;
 сокращения, например USA, e-mail, TV, CD-rom, считаются как одно слово.

Нейтральный стиль соблюден, если в задании 40 нет сокращений (I’m sure/ doesn’t matter/ wasn’t stated) и разговорной лексики (it is stupid to think so/ this opinion sucks/ the people wearing such clothes are mad). Нельзя писать риторические вопросы и фразы типа “Let’s consider … “, потому что ФИПИ относит их к разговорному стилю.

Организация текста

Максимум по этому критерию – также 3 балла. Их можно получить если:

Абзацы

Средства логической связи

Понятно, что нужно писать столько абзацев, сколько есть в плане (Пять!) и каждый должен передавать мыслю, соответствующую пункту плана.

Ниже подробнее о том, Что нужно писать в этих пяти абзацах и какие клише там использовать.

Вступление (параграф №1)

“Правильное” вступление состоит из 2-3 предложений и знакомит нас с Проблемой, указанной в самом задании. Например, в примере нашего задания написано “what book genres are popular among teenagers”. Значит, нам нужно или вставить эту фразу в наш проект, или заменить там что-то на синонимы. Так же нужно упомянуть, что вы делаете проект, нашли материалы к нему и сейчас про это будете рассказывать. Вот, какое вступление получилось у меня:

Жирным выделены фразы, которые можно таскать из сочинения в сочинение.

Еще Клише для этого абзаца:

It is well known that (topic) Nowadays more and more people (action connected with the topic) Over the last few decades there has been a significant increase in the number of people who (do something connected with the topic). (Topic) plays an important role in our life Undoubtedly, all people (action connected with the topic) Nowadays it is impossible to imagine … without …

Основные фичи графика (параграф №2)

В плане сочинения во втором абзаце ученику предлагается высказать указать 2-3 главных факта из таблицы/графика или что там нам нужно проанализировать. Я бы остановилась на двух фактах, потому что когда пробовала написать это письменное задание, у меня с двумя фактами вышло 260 слов. Третий бы мог меня вывезти за лимит возможных слов. Но вы можете упомянуть и 3 главных факта, главное – уложиться в необходимое количество слов.

На самом деле, этот абзац написать совсем не сложно – выбираете что угодно, что вам нравится в таблице и записываете английскими словами. Ничего сравнивать здесь не надо.

Вот то, что у меня получилось:

Клише:

the main features of this table/graph/pie chart … one can see from the poll that … the most popular … the least popular … if we look at the graph/table/pie chart, we can see … looking at the main features … what stands out from the table/graph/ pie chart … another striking feature is …

Сравнения (параграф №3)

В 3 абзаце нужно проанализировать данные из графика и представить 1-2 сравнения. Можно и 1, можно и 2 – все зависит от ваших идей и количества написанных слов.

НЕТ СВЯЗИ между тем, сколько вы фактов выделяли во 2-м абзаце и количеством сравнений в 3-м. Можно делать по-разному, главное – вписаться в план и лимит слов.

Сравниваем ЛЮБЫЕ черты, которые вам понравились в графике. Вот что получилось у меня:

Looking at the figures in the table, we can see that sports stories (noted by 49.2 % of respondents) Are almost twice as popular as animal stories. Another interesting feature of the poll is that adventure and detective/war/spy stories are Twice as favoured as animal stories (27.2 %).

Тут, как и во втором параграфе, нет единственно правильного ответа. Пишите про то, что вам кажется логичным.

Сюда отлично впишутся разные Сравнительные структуры:

in comparison/ in contrast, … on the other hand …/ However, … / Likewise, … not as … as while/ whereas / although / but

Проблема + решение (параграф №4)

Эта часть письменного задания будет самой объемной, потому что нужно указать Проблему, связанную с темой проекта, и предложить её Решение. Это может быть ЛЮБАЯ проблема по теме задания. В нашем примере она не обязательна связана именно с подростками, главное – она должна быть про чтение.

Кстати, об этом говорит сама Вербицкая вот здесь (около 26 минуты в видео).

Еще раз подчеркну, что нужно указать и ПРОБЛЕМУ, И РЕШЕНИЕ. На всякий случай.

Although we see that teenagers are still reading books, There is a problem connected with this topic. With the development of TV people would rather watch a show than read a book. I believe that the best solution to this problem would be Advertising the importance of reading on the 1st channel. This could be done on the show “Pust’ Govoryat” with Andrey Malakhov. Such a policy would help people spend more time reading rather than watching unwise people showing little intelligence on TV.

Клише для абзаца:

the main problem with … is … the main problem faced by … is … the foremost problem here is … general solutions centre around … one effective solution to deal with … is … a solution that can prove successful is …

Заключение + мнение (параграф №5)

В конце выстраданного письменного задания нужно написать Свое мнение по теме проекта.

I would like to conclude by saying that, in my opinion, reading is of primary importance for every person as it aids in sleep readiness, prevents cognitive decline when you age, lowers blood pressure and heart rate.

Выражения Для подведения итогов:

To conclude/ sum up/ summarise Overall … In conclusion …

Клише для Выражения своего мнения:

I believe that … I am convinced that … I strongly believe that … Personally, I think that … In my opnion, … In my view, …

Лексические ошибки

Давайте разберем, какие ошибки носят гордое название “Лексические”. Это:

неправильно употребленное слово в контексте (I would not speak so вместо I would not say so) ошибка в сочетаемости (make homework вместо do homework) пропуск слова, если он не влияет на грамматическую структуру предложения (My parents are very well familiar (пропущен предлог with) the topic) ошибки в словообразовании, если часть речи не меняется (например, unresponsible вместо irresponsible) ошибка в фразовом глаголе (give in smoking вместо give up smoking) орфографическая ошибка, которая меняет значение слова (thing вместо think, whether вместо weather)

Но нужно не только не допустить ошибки, нужно помнить, что Лексика должна соответствовать поставленной задаче. То есть, если проект про еду – должны употребляются всякие синонимы и выражения по теме “еда”.

Грамматические ошибки

Эксперт при проверке задания 40 присваивает вашей ошибке статус “грамматической”, если она:

в любой грамматической форме, будь то форма глагола, множественного числа сущ., степени сравнения и в любой теме из раздела “Грамматические темы” кодификатора в порядке слов в предложении (например, I do not know what are they thinking about. – Во второй части предложения обратный порядок слов, хотя знака вопроса не стоит) есть пропуск слова, влияющий на структуру предложения (например, These people wrong. – Отсутствует глагол-связка “are”) в словообразовании, если меняется часть речи (например, хотели написать “политик” (politician), а написали politic (политический)

В сочинении приветствуются сложные структуры, модальные глаголы, обороты с пассивом/ инфинитивом/ причастиями, условные предложения, главное – не перестараться и ‘не писать все красивое сразу”, в ущерб смыслу.

Орфографические и пунктуационные ошибки

В сочинении орфографическими ошибками считаются:

Во всей письменной части экзамена ученик может выбрать либо британский, либо американский вариант написания слова – favourite/ favorite, colour/ color, drugstore/ pharmacy, crisps/ chips. И придерживаться выбранного варианта до конца. То есть, если в одном предложении написано colour, а в другом – favorite, такая вариативность будет записана в число ошибок.

Теперь про Пунктуацию. Забудьте про сокращения ( don’t/wouldn’t/mustn’t ) – они отнимут у вас баллы. Их можно и нужно писать в электронном письме другу (задание 39), но не в сочинении.

Если ученик напишет какие-то слова в работе неразборчиво, и эксперт не сможет понять, что же там написано – поставят ошибку в написании слова.

Образец

План написания проекта представлен в самом задании:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;
– select and report 2-3 main features;
– make 1-2 comparisons where relevant;
– outline a problem that can arise with reading and suggest the way of solving it;
– draw a conclusion giving your personal opinion on the importance of reading in human life.

Приведу пример ответа на задание 40.1 из демоверсии:

I would like to conclude by saying that, Reading is of primary importance for every person as it aids in sleep readiness, prevents cognitive decline when you age, lowers blood pressure and heart rate.

Жирным в тексте выделены фразы, которые можно запомнить и таскать из проекта в проект.

Алгоритм написания

Отводите 60 минут на это задание. Просмотрите оба проекта и решите, какой из них понятнее и легче описать. Читайте тему проекта и набрасываете в двух словах, что вы скажете на каждый пункт плана. После того, как набросали, проверяете всё и убеждаетесь, что все написанное СООТВЕТСТВУЕТ ТЕМЕ ПРОЕКТА. Напишите проект на черновик. Если у вас осталось мало времени – пишите сразу на чистовик. Проверьте ошибки. Здесь советую вспомнить свои типичные “ляпы” и проверить работу на них. Перепишите на чистовик. Проверьте ошибки, проверьте, что написали номер задания (40.1 или 40.2) в начале.

P. S. – Если вы читаете задание на экзамене и понимаете, что не знаете какое-то слово в теме, не паникуйте! Успокойтесь и попробуйте угадать, как это слово может переводиться.

Готовиться к заданию 40 я бы советовала, когда уровень ученика соответствует хотя бы B1 (идеально – B2, потому что он заявлен как ключ к успеху на ЕГЭ).

И ещё

Оставлю здесь схему оценивания проекта, которой пользуется эксперт при проверке задания 40.

Её полезно показать ученику при подготовке и вместе заполнять, оценивая по ней сначала написанные вами (или другими учениками) проекты, а потом проект самого учащегося.

При написании статьи использовались материалы С сайта fipi. ru – самого достоверного источника для подготовки к ОГЭ и ЕГЭ. Все, что вы будете читать на других сайтах, может содержать неправильную информацию – будьте аккуратны!

P. S. Про разделы и стратегии выполнения заданий ЕГЭ можно почитать статьи:

A good leader is COMMITTED to excellence. Second BEST does not lead to success.

Сюда отлично впишутся разные сравнительные структуры.

4languagetutors. ru

02.02.2018 22:49:05

2018-02-02 22:49:05

Источники:

Https://tonail. com/%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-43-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82-%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5-%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0/

Https://tonail. com/%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%8D-%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-43-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3-%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F/

Https://4languagetutors. ru/project-ege/

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на текст и выбор ответов на вопросы к тексту – АНГЛИЙСКИЙ в полном порядке » /> » /> .keyword { color: red; } 43 задание егэ английский язык

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на текст и выбор ответов на вопросы к тексту

43 задание егэ английский язык

Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2022 Задание 40.2: вариант решения

Task 40.2

Imagine that you are doing a project on What people use their smartphones For in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

What people use their smartphones for

Email
Making phone calls
Surfing the Internet
Playing games
Paying for purchases

79% 79% 78% 78% 58% 58% 48% 48% 15% 15%

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan:
– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
– select and report 2–3 facts;
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant;
– outline a problem that can arise with using smartphones and suggest a way of solving it;
– conclude by giving your opinion on the role of smartphones in our life.

The smartphone phenomenon has been an area of extensive research recently. As part of my project, I have found a bar diagram that presents some data on what people living in Zetland use their smartphones for. In my essay I will comment on the data and express my opinion on the subject of the project.

The diagram reveals that making phone calls and email access comprise a sizeable proportion of the purposes smartphones are used for (78% and 79%, respectively). Another noticeable fact is that smartphone usage for shopping activities accounts for a relatively small percentage (15%).

Surprisingly, smartphone shopping is not as widespread as the other uses the diagram shows. Despite the rise of online shopping and many mobile banking apps which turn a smartphone into a digital wallet, making purchases via a smartphone receives the lowest percentage.

It is worth noting that due to the growing availability of applications and smartphone owners’ temptation to download more apps to their device, a common problem may arise: low or full storage space. The standard solution to improve the memory performance of a smartphone is to delete unneeded downloads and store some in Google Drive.

In conclusion, I am convinced that smartphones play a key role in people’s lives since they have enormous benefits and advanced features. Сonsidering the various uses of smartphones presented in the diagram, it seems reasonable to assume that their computing functions attract people, whatever the problem.

Важные моменты из методических рекомендаций ФИПИ (2022),
На которые необходимо обратить внимание
Для успешного решения коммуникативной задачи (стр.42-45).

Вступительной фразы

Тема проекта

Zetland

Аудитория

Перифраз темы

Не требуется

Не проводил опрос

Не собирал

Сведения

Нашел – нашел данные/ информацию/ таблицу/ диаграмму по теме проекта

Глагол find

2-3 факта

Ссылался на используемую им таблицу/ диаграмму

Числительные

Цифрами

Цифры

Должны присутствовать

1-2 существенных сравнения:

Можно выявить проблему, скрытую в данных опроса Или поднять любую другую проблему в исследуемой сфере.

Не предлагайте нереальные/ абсурдные проблемы и/ или их решения.

Точно следуйте формулировке плана

Могут выделять разные стороны

Расширением

Сужением

Мнение автора

Эксплицитно

Выполняя задание 40, Выбирайте правильное стилевое оформление.

Если при написании Para 2 и Para 3 используются не все данные из таблицы/ диаграммы: «Если бóльшая часть данных (3 из 5) использована, то Баллы не снижаются: 2 факта приведены и 1 сравнение дано. Если используется Менее 3 цифр/фактов, то либо аспект 2, либо аспект 3 является неполным, что, естественно, Ведет к снижению баллов» (стр.43).

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

43 задание егэ английский язык

Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2022 Задание 40.2: вариант решения

Imagine that you are doing a project on What people use their smartphones For in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

What people use their smartphones for

Email
Making phone calls
Surfing the Internet
Playing games
Paying for purchases

79% 79% 78% 78% 58% 58% 48% 48% 15% 15%

Write 200-250 words.

Вступительной фразы

Тема проекта

Zetland

Аудитория

Перифраз темы

Не требуется

Не проводил опрос

Не собирал

Сведения

Нашел – нашел данные/ информацию/ таблицу/ диаграмму по теме проекта

Глагол find

2-3 факта

Ссылался на используемую им таблицу/ диаграмму

Числительные

Цифрами

Цифры

Должны присутствовать

1-2 существенных сравнения:

Можно выявить проблему, скрытую в данных опроса Или поднять любую другую проблему в исследуемой сфере.

Не предлагайте нереальные/ абсурдные проблемы и/ или их решения.

Точно следуйте формулировке плана

Могут выделять разные стороны

Расширением

Сужением

Мнение автора

Эксплицитно

Выполняя задание 40, Выбирайте правильное стилевое оформление.

I am still working on, is aimed at finding out what languages are considered the most spoken in the world. I have found some data on this issue and organised it in the table below.

3 he didn t have special equipment.

Langart. ru

25.09.2019 4:41:09

2019-09-25 04:41:09

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на текст и выбор ответов на вопросы к тексту

Прочитайте текст и выберите правильные ответы к данным ниже вопросам. Проверьте себя по ключу.

Now it was dark, and Sean’s wife and son lay in their tent and worried. ‘When is Dad coming back?’ Aidan asked Megan over and over. ‘Why isn’t he back yet?’

Sean was on foot again by 6 a. m., tracking his way across a broad bowl and up a steep, snowy slope. On the other side of the ridge there was the ski area, and from there he could practically jog down the slopes. He made good progress until a storm suddenly swept over the ridge and nearly blew him off his feet. In minutes, he was caught in a white-out. ‘If I can just make the ridge, Fm home free,’ Sean thought, as he powered forward, bending against the gale.

ВОПРОС 2 At that time of year, the mountain’s snowy trails were
L)icy.
2) slippery.
3) difficult.
4) uncomplicated.

ВОПРОС 4 Sean
1) reached Mulhacen’s summit by mid-afternoon.
2) lost his way.
3) descended until dawn.
4) decided to spend the night in the wooden hut.

ВОПРОС 5 Sean could not make the ridge because
1) it was too far.
2) he was very tired.
3) of a blizzard.
4) of a strong wind and poor visibility.

ВОПРОС 6 Sean fell down the slope because
1) a strong wind was blowing.
2) the slope was too steep.
3) he didn’t have special equipment.
4) he didn’t use his trekking poles.

ВОПРОС 7 While falling, Sean
1) was not injured.
2) injured his head.
3) shattered his kneecap.
4) broke his leg.

ВОПРОС 1: – 1
ВОПРОС 2: – 4
ВОПРОС 3: – 3
ВОПРОС 4: – 2
ВОПРОС 5: – 4
ВОПРОС 6: – 3
ВОПРОС 7: – 3

I can identify two main features of the statistics presented in the table. The first one is that Chinese is the most spoken language at 918 million speakers worldwide. The second one is that Bengali falls behind other languages on the table with just 300 million speakers.

I am still working on, is aimed at finding out what languages are considered the most spoken in the world.

Tonail. com

02.07.2020 15:38:22

2020-07-02 15:38:22

43 задание егэ английский язык

Ускоренная подготовка к ЕГЭ с репетиторами Учи. Дома. Записывайтесь на бесплатное занятие!

—>

Задание 40 № 10634

Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (40.1 или 40.2). Укажите его номер и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 40 числительные пишите цифрами.

40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on The most spoken languages. You have collected some data on the subject (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200−250 words. Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;

— select and report 2−3 main features;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with the knowledge of different languages and suggest the way of solving it;

— draw a conclusion giving your personal opinion on the importance of languages in human life

40.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on World population by countries. You have collected some data on the subject (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200−250 words. Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;

— select and report 2−3 main features;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with the world population and suggest the way of solving it;

— draw a conclusion giving your personal opinion on the importance of world population

40.1. Various languages have prevalence in different parts of the world, making it an interesting and diverse place. However, two people speaking different languages will have trouble communicating with each other. My project, which

I am still working on, is aimed at finding out what languages are considered the most spoken in the world. I have found some data on this issue and organised it in the table below.

It is also worth mentioning that English only has 38 million more speakers than Hindi.

In my opinion, the statistics in the table reveal an important problem. Far too few people in the world know English, making communication between people of different cultures more difficult. To solve this problem, world governments should focus more on teaching their citizens this universal language so that more people could talk with someone on the other side of the world and reach an understanding.

In conclusion, I believe that languages are a fascinating tool that makes communication easier, as long as a common language is shared by all sides of a conversation.

40.2. The world population is the number of individuals that are currently alive on the planet. Knowing the world population by countries allows a further understanding of humanities growth as a whole. My project, which I am still working on, is aimed at finding out the world population by countries.. I have found some data on this issue and organized it in the table below

I can identify two main features of the statistics presented in the chart below. The first one is that around 20% of the world population is from China and the other 20% is from India. The second one is that 50 % of the world population comes from other countries in the world excluding the USA, Indonesia, Pakistan and Brazil.

It is also worth mentioning that these four countries mentioned previously represent 2.5% each of the world population.

In my opinion, the statistics in the table reveal an important problem. China and India are the two main countries responsible for the population growth. I think that in order to solve this problem the government should regulate the birth rates of their country and promote adoption.

In conclusion, I believe that the encouragement of adoption in countries like China and India can help prevent the overpopulation of the planet. This can lead to a better quality to those kids that are adopted by a family with better opportunities.

Задание 40 № 10634

4 to enjoy the country s robust red wines.

En-ege. sdamgia. ru

21.12.2017 1:09:50

2017-12-21 01:09:50

Источники:

Https://langart. ru/ege2022/writing/demo-var-with-answer/

Https://tonail. com/%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%8D-%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-43-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82-%D0%B8-%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80-%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2/

Https://en-ege. sdamgia. ru/problem? id=10634

Источник

Текст
Веб-страница

Since he was a boy, Sean Ireton has been an ardent hiker, climbing mountain trails all over the world. Even on family trips, it was typical for him to take a day by himself to knock off a tempting peak. In January 2009, he and his wife, Megan, planned a two-week backpacking adventure in Spain with their son, Aidan. They took off in December and spent their days touring and hiking in the southern mountains, making time to sample the regional cuisine and enjoy the country’s robust red wines along the way. Sean was looking forward especially to a solo hike on El Mulhacén, a rocky knob in Spain’s Sierra Nevada and, at 3478m, the highest peak on the Spanish mainland. From Mulhacén on a clear day you could see all the way across the Mediterranean to Morocco.When they got near Pradollano, a ski village near Mulhacén, the family pitched their tent in the woods. At this time of year, the mountain’s snowy trails were well packed and straightforward, requiring a hiker to travel at only a moderate clip to reach Mulhacén’s broad summit in about four hours. Early the next morning, Sean put on several layers of warm clothes and set out under a purple and golden sunrise.Now it was dark, and Sean’s wife and son lay in their tent and worried. ‘When is Dad coming back?’ Aidan asked Megan over and over. ‘Why isn’t he back yet?’‘He’ll be back soon, sweetie, his mother reassured him. In the past her husband had returned late from excursions. But this was pushing it, so sometime after midnight, Megan got up and took Aidan into town to look for help. The ordinarily lively village was deserted, the motionless chairlifts hanging eerily in the dark. Megan didn’t speak Span- ish, and a hotel clerk’s directions just sent them in circles. They had to wait till morning. ‘Aidan was so upset, Megan recalls. ‘He sensed something was wrong. He had that child’s intuition.’Sean had neared Mulhacén’s summit by mid-af ternoon but turned around a few hun- dred metres from the top when the trail became dangerously steep and icy. Clouds blew in as he descended, and he veered off track. By the time he realised his mistake, daylight was fading, and it had begun to drizzle. ‘I was getting wet, and it was growing dark fast, he recalls. Luckily, he spied a crude stone shelter nearby. ‘I didn’t want to get lost and end up on the other side of the mountain, so I decided to spend the night in the hut.’ Inside, it was dark and clammy, but there was a table, wooden bunks, and even some foam padding for a bed. Sean ate a chocolate bar from his backpack, and settled in. It would be an easy hike back to camp in the morning, and he imagined his family’s reliefwhen he returned unharmed.Sean wars on foot again by 6 a.m. , tracking his way across a broad bowl and up a steep, snowv slope. On the other side of the ridge there was the ski area, and from there he BAPHAHT 329 could practically jog down the slopes. He made good progress until a storm suddenly swept over the ridge and nearly blew him off his feet. In minutes, he was caught in a white-out. ‘ID I can just make the ridge, I’m horne free, Sean thought, as he powered for— ward, bending against the gale.But the ridge never appeared, and Sean knew it was crazy to stay on the exposed slope. He’d have to find an alternative route. He had no idea where he was but thought he could make out a trail still farther below.Sean studied the snow in front of him. It looked hard and slick. He regretted that he hadn’t brought his crampons — sharp spikes that attach to hiking boots — or an ice axe, which would have helped ensure safe passage. All he had was a pair of trekking poles. He reached out a foot to test the frozen surface and gradually brought his weight down. For a moment, he balanced but then his feet shot out from under him, and he began tumbling down the steep slope. He accelerated as he fell, rolling wildly over rocks and snow. When he came to rest, far below from where he had stood, he was in a seated position as if he’d just plopped down to have a snack. It would have been comical if he hadn’t been so stunned. He sat for a while and gathered his wits. He was wearing only a ski hat but his head seemed OK. Then Sean looked down at his legs. The long underwear covering his left legwas shredded, and bright red blood soaked the abraded flesh around his kneecap.He gingerly inspected the wound. With effort, he got back on his feet, but his injured leg buckled beneath him, and he fell face-first into the snow. He felt a hot surge of alarm. He was kilometres away from help, and certainly no one would come through this area for days, maybe weeks. He sat in the snow, on the verge of despair.(Adapted [rom ’Missing’ by Nick Heil

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Результаты (русский) 1: [копия]

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Так как он был мальчиком, Шон Айртон был ярым туристы, поднимаясь по горным тропам по всему миру. Даже на семейных поездок, это было характерно для него, чтобы взять день за себя, чтобы сбить пик заманчивым. В январе 2009 года он и его жена Меган, запланировала две недели альпинизмом приключения в Испании с их сыном, Айдан. Сняли в декабре, и провел свои дни гастролей и пеший туризм в южных горах, что делает время, чтобы отведать блюда местной кухни и насладиться надежные красные вина страны по пути. Шон смотрел вперед, особенно для сольного похода на Эль Муласна, скальные ручки в Испании Сьерры-Неваде и, в 3478m, самый высокий пик на материковой Испании. Из Муласен в ясный день можно увидеть весь путь через Средиземное море в Марокко. Когда они подошли ближе Прадольяно, лыжной деревне недалеко Муласен, семья разбили свою палатку в лесу. В это время года, снежные тропы на горе были хорошо упакованы и просто, требуя турист на поездки только на умеренный клип для достижения широкой вершины Муласна в течение примерно четырех часов. На следующий день рано утром, Шон положил на несколько слоев теплой одежды и установить под фиолетовой и золотой восход солнца. Теперь это было темно, и жена , и сын Шон лежал в своей палатке и волновались. «Когда папа вернется? Айдан спросила Меган снова и снова. «Почему он еще не вернулся? Он скоро вернется, дорогой, его мать успокоила его. В прошлом ее муж вернулся поздно с экскурсий. Но это было толкая его, так что где-то после полуночи, Меган встала и взяла Айдана в город, чтобы обратиться за помощью. Обычно оживленная деревня была пуста, неподвижные кресельные висят устрашающе в темноте. Меган не говорить испанский языки, а также направления клерком гостиничного просто послал их по кругу. Им пришлось ждать до утра. «Айдан так расстроена, Меган вспоминает. Он почувствовал, что что-то не так. Он имел интуиция ребенка. Шон приближались саммит Муласен в середине аф ternoon но обернулись несколько сотых DRED метров от вершины , когда трасса стала опасной крутой и ледяной. Облака дули , как он спустился, и он свернул с дорожки. К тому времени , когда он понял свою ошибку, дневной свет угасал, и он начал моросить. «Я промокания, и темнело быстро, вспоминает он. К счастью, он шпионил сырой каменный приют рядом. «Я не хочу , чтобы затеряться и в конечном итоге на другой стороне горы, поэтому я решил провести ночь в хижине. Внутри было темно и липкий, но там был стол, деревянные нары, и даже некоторые пены обивка для кровати. Шон съел шоколадку из своего рюкзака, и поселился в. Было бы легко поход обратно в лагерь утром, и он представлял себе облегчение его семьи , когда он вернулся целым и невредимым. Sean война пешком снова на 6 часов утра, отслеживая его путь по широкой чаше и вверх крутой склон snowv. С другой стороны хребта был лыжный район, а оттуда BAPHAHT 3 29 может практически колесика вниз по склону. Он сделал хороший прогресс , пока буря внезапно охватила конька и чуть подул его с ног. Через несколько минут, он был пойман в выбеленный. «ID я могу просто сделать гребень, я Хорн бесплатно, подумал Шон, как и он с питанием двинутыми, сгибая против бура. Но хребет никогда не появлялся, и Шон знал , что это был сумасшедший , чтобы остаться на обнаженном склоне. Он должен найти альтернативный маршрут. Он понятия не имел , где он был , но думал , что он мог разглядеть след еще дальше ниже. Шон изучал снег перед ним. Он выглядел твердым и гладким. Он пожалел, что не принес свои кошек — острые шипы, которые прикрепляются к походным ботинкам — или ледоруб, которые помогли бы обеспечить безопасный проход. Все, что ему было парой треккингов полюсов. Он протянул ногу, чтобы проверить замороженную поверхность и постепенно привел его вес. На мгновение он сбалансирован, но затем его ноги выстрелил из-под него, и он начал скатываться вниз по склону крутой. Он ускорился, когда он упал, прокатка дико над скал и снега. Когда он пришел, чтобы отдохнуть, гораздо ниже, откуда он стоял, он был в сидячем положении, как если бы он просто плюхнулся, чтобы перекусить. Было бы комичной, если бы он не был так ошеломлен. Он сел на некоторое время и собрал его остроумие. Он был одет только лыжную шапку, но его голова казалась ОК. Затем Шон посмотрел на свои ноги. был тертый, и ярко — красная кровь пропитала истирается плоть вокруг коленной чашечки. Он осторожно осмотрел рану. С усилием, он встал на ноги, но его больную ногу подогнулись под ним, и он упал лицом в снег. Он почувствовал горячий прилив тревоги. Он был километрами от помощи, и , конечно , никто не придет через этот район в течение нескольких дней, может быть недель. Он сидел в снегу, на грани отчаяния. (Адаптировано [рум «Missing» Ник Heil

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Результаты (русский) 2:[копия]

Скопировано!

С самого детства Шон Айртон был ярым туристом, поднимаясь по горным тропам по всему миру. Даже во время семейных поездок, это было типично для него, чтобы взять день сам по себе, чтобы сбить заманчивый пик. В январе 2009 года он и его жена, Меган, планируется две недели альпинизм приключение в Испании со своим сыном, Айдан. Они взлетели в декабре и провели свои дни, путешествуя и походы в южные горы, делая время, чтобы попробовать региональную кухню и насладиться крепкими красными винами страны на этом пути. Шон с нетерпением ждал особенно сольного похода на Эль-Мулхакан, скалистую ручку в испанской Сьерра-Неваде и, на 3478м, самый высокий пик на материковой части Испании. Из Мулхасона в ясный день вы могли видеть весь путь через Средиземное море в Марокко. Когда они подошли к Прадоллано, лыжной деревне недалеко от Мулхасона, семья разбила свою палатку в лесу. В это время года, снежные тропы горы были хорошо упакованы и прямолинейны, требуя, чтобы турист путешествовал только на умеренном клипе, чтобы достичь широкой вершины Мулхакона примерно за четыре часа. Рано утром следующего дня Шон надел несколько слоев теплой одежды и отправился под фиолетовым и золотым восходом солнца. Теперь было темно, и жена Идёна лежали в палатке и волновались. «Когда папа возвращается?» Эйдан спросил Меган снова и снова. «Почему он еще не вернулся? »Он скоро вернется, милая, его мать успокоила его. В прошлом ее муж поздно возвращался с экскурсий. Но это толкало его, так что когда-то после полуночи, Меган встала и взял Эйдан в город, чтобы искать помощи. Обычно оживленной деревне был пустын, неподвижные кресельные подъемники висит устрашающе в темноте. Меган не говорила Span- ish, и указания клерка отеля просто послал их по кругу. Они должны были ждать до утра. «Эйдан был так расстроен, — вспоминает Меган. «Он почувствовал, что что-то не так. У него была интуиция этого ребенка. Шон приблизился к вершине Мулхачана к середине аф тернуна, но обернулся в нескольких метрах от вершины, когда тропа стала опасно крутой и ледяной. Облака дул, как он спустился, и он сошел с пути. К тому времени, когда он понял свою ошибку, дневной свет угас, и он начал моросящий. «Я намокла, и она становилась темной быстро, вспоминает он. К счастью, он шпионил сырой каменный приют поблизости. «Я не хотел заблудиться и оказаться на другой стороне горы, поэтому я решил провести ночь в хижине.’ Внутри было темно и липко, но там был стол, деревянные нары, и даже некоторые пены обивка для кровати. Шон съел шоколадный батончик из рюкзака и поселился в. Было бы легко поход обратно в лагерь утром, и он себе облегчение его семьи когда он вернулся невредимым. Шон войны пешком снова в 6 утра , отслеживая свой путь через широкую чашу и вверх по крутой, snowv склона. На другой стороне хребта была лыжная зона, и оттуда он БАФАХТ 3 29 может практически бегать вниз по склонам. Он сделал хороший прогресс, пока буря вдруг прокатилась по хребту и чуть не сдул его с ног. Через несколько минут, он был пойман в белом из. «Id я могу просто сделать хребет, я Рог бесплатно, Шон думал, как он питание для-палата, изгиб против шторма. Но хребет так и не появился, и Шон знал, что оставаться на открытом склоне — сумасшествием. Ему придется найти альтернативный маршрут. Он понятия не имел, где он был, но думал, что он может раздумать след еще дальше ниже. Шон изучал снег перед ним. Это выглядело трудно и пятно. Он сожалел, что не принес свои судороги — острые шипы, которые прикрепляются к походным сапогам, или ледяной топор, который помог бы обеспечить безопасный проход. Все, что у него было, это пара походных столбов. Он протянул руку ногой, чтобы проверить замерзшую поверхность и постепенно снизил свой вес. На мгновение он уравновесил, но потом его ноги выстрелил из-под него, и он начал падать вниз по крутому склону. Он ускорился, как он упал, прокатки дико по скалам и снегу. Когда он пришел отдохнуть, далеко вниз от того, где он стоял, он был в сидячем положении, как будто он просто plopped вниз, чтобы перекусить. Было бы смешно, если бы он не был так ошеломлен. Он сидел некоторое время и собрал свое остроумие. Он был одет только в лыжную шляпу, но его голова казалась ок. Затем Шон посмотрел на ноги. Длинное нижнее белье, покрывающее левую ногу был измельченных, и ярко-красная кровь пропитала абрадированную плоть вокруг его коленной чашечки. Он осторожно осмотрел рану. С усилием, он встал на ноги, но его травмированная нога пряжками под ним, и он упал лицом вперед в снег. Он почувствовал горячий всплеск тревоги. Он был в километрах от помощи, и, конечно, никто не будет проходить через этот район в течение нескольких дней, может быть недель. Он сидел в снегу, на грани отчаяния. (Адаптированный «Пропавший без вести» Ник Хейл

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Результаты (русский) 3:[копия]

Скопировано!

с детства Шон Элтон увлекался походами по горам по всему миру.даже во время семейных поездок, он обычно проводит день, чтобы закончить соблазнительный пик.В январе 2009 года он и его жена Меган планируют двухнедельную экспедицию в Испанию с сыном айданом.Они вылетели в декабре, потратили несколько дней на экскурсию и пешие прогулки в южных горных районах, высвободив время для того, чтобы попробовать местную кухню и попробовать в стране крепкий алкоголь.Шон, в частности, с нетерпением ожидает поездки в Эль — мулхакен, который является скалистым холмом в Сьерра — Неваде, Испания, на высоте 3478 метров над уровнем моря, что является самым высоким показателем на материке Испании.в ясный день из Мур — хакена можно увидеть путь через Средиземное море в Марокко. когда они приблизились к лыжному селу прадоллано вблизи мурхакена, семья установила палатку в лесу.в это время года на этой горе было тесно и прямо, пешеходы могли добраться до широкой вершины мурхакана примерно за четыре часа.на следующее утро Шон надел несколько тёплых платьев и отправился на фиолетовый и золотой восход солнца. стемнело, и жена и сын сина лежали в палатке с тревогой.когда папа вернется?Эйден снова и снова спрашивает Меган.»почему он не вернулся?Фоунтрой »он скоро вернется, милая, его мать утешит его.в прошлом ее муж путешествовал и вернулся поздно.Но это подтолкнуло его, так что когда — то после полуночи Меган встал и забрал Эйдена в город за помощью.в обыденном поселке пусто, неподвижное подъемное кресло в темноте причудливо висело.Меган не умела шутить, а инструктор по гостиничному делу просто держал их в курсе.Они должны подождать до утра.Меган вспоминает, что Эйден был очень расстроен.»у него проблемы.У него есть детская интуиция К полудню Шон уже приблизился к вершине мурхакана, но на расстоянии нескольких сотен метров от вершины горы, когда он повернул голову, дорога стала очень холодной.он спустился в плотную тучу, когда он сбился с курса.когда он понял свои ошибки, темнело небо и начался дождь.он вспоминал, что в то время я был промок, и скоро стало темно.К счастью, он нашел возле Каменного бункера.- Я не хочу заблудиться, в конце концов, придя на другую сторону горы, поэтому я решил ночевать в коттедже. в комнате было темно, мокро, но там был стол, деревянная кровать, и даже несколько пеняных матрасов.Шон достал из рюкзака кусочек шоколада и успокоился.утром легко вернуться в лагерь, он вообразил утешение своей семьи когда он вернулся в целости и сохранности. в 6 часов утра Шон снова пошел в поход, прошел по дороге через большую миску и поднялся на крутой снегопад.на другой стороне хребта был лыжный спорт, и оттуда он бабхат 3 29 почти можно бегать на склоне.Он добился замечательного прогресса до тех пор, пока шторм внезапно не обрушился на гору и едва не обрушился на него.через несколько минут его поймали.»если бы я мог починить хребет, я был бы свободен», — думал Шон, с большой ветром, наклоняясь вперед. Но горные хребты никогда не появлялись, Шон знал, что оставаться на обнаженных склонах — Это безумие.Ему нужен другой подход.Он не знает, где он, но думает, что может найти дорогу еще дальше. Шон изучал снег перед ним.Выглядит жестко и скользко.Он сожалеет о том, что не взял с собой ледяного когтя (кол, связанный с сапогами для восхождения на гору) или ледорубку, что способствовало обеспечению безопасного прохода.У него только Пара палок для альпинизма.Он протягивает ногу, чтобы проверить замерзшую поверхность и постепенно похудеть.в одно мгновение он держал равновесие, но нога вдруг вытянулась вниз и он начал падать с крутых склонов.Он падал, ускоряясь, и бешено переворачивался на скалах и снегах.когда он отдыхал, намного ниже того места, где он стоял, он сидел на одном месте, как будто он просто набросился на закуски.если бы он не был так удивлен, то это было бы смешно.Он немного посидел и развеселился.Он носил только лыжную шляпу, но его голова не выглядела проблематичной.А потом Шон пригнулся и посмотрел на свои ноги.длинное нижнее белье на левой ноге Он был раздроблен, и кровь, алый, пропитала его кровью вокруг коленных чашек и вытерла плоть. он осторожно осмотрел рану.После старания он встал, но раненые ноги согнулись под ним, и лицо его упало вниз в снег.Он почувствовал сильную панику.Он находится в нескольких километрах от спасательного центра и уверен, что через этот район не пройдет ни дня, ни недели.Он сидел на снегу и был на грани отчаяния. (Адаптировано из документа «Пропавшие рома Хайле»

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Поздравляю от всей души!!!
It can Aaron well
Replay
Pulchra patria celebrat poeta noster
Поздравляю
난 네가 좋아
The initial setup of the amplifier is ve
turn as une chemist rouge
Amīcus mihi nuntiāvit morbo se carēre
It was half past ten at night and janice
It has got four legs and a long neck
Fractura digitorum
Гугл в помощь
pares cum paribus facillime conveniunt
существует много разных видов спорта
Поезда
Va doresc o seara buna si un weekend pla
Tot quaestiones natūra tibi posuit, nond
Он сидит на большом деревянном стуле с в
в оценке рисков и разработке соответству
Now the following is for your protection
Cervix uteri
Circulus sanguinis
Berätta

Источник

TEST 11

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. Sleeping well is important to be healthy.

2. The quality of your sleep depends on where you are.

3. Sleeping problems are connected with ageing.

4. Modern gadgets can negatively affect your sleep.

5. Everybody must improve their sleeping habits.

6. Sports can help people to sleep better.

7. Thinking too much before bedtime is a bad idea.

Рис.0 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A. Emily’s history class requires a lot of effort.

B. Grandparents of Sam’s friend are his grandparents’ neighbours.

C. Sam didn’t see his parents for two months.

D. Emily wouldn’t want to spend her summer like Sam.

E. In June Emily was away from home.

F. Emily’s family plan to visit Greece again.

G. Emily won’t be able to show Sam her photos.

Рис.1 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3. Samuel Jeffrey is NOT introduced by the presenter as…

1) a teacher.
2) a traveler.
3) a patriot.

Ответ:

4. Samuel Jeffery considers teaching abroad to be…

1) a way of getting to know the world.

2) a risky experience.

3) the best way to earn one’s living.

Ответ:

5. What encouraged Samuel Jeffrey to start teaching English?

1) The improvement of his teaching skills.

2) Desire to work abroad.

3) His work with Korean students.

Ответ:

6. Which of the following is TRUE about Samuel Jeffrey’s teaching English in Korea?

1) It was poorly paid.

2) The students were boring.

3) It left him time for other activities.

Ответ:

7. Which of the following does Samuel Jeffrey NOT mention as something the teacher’s salary depends on?

1) Teacher’s experience.
2) Teacher’s age.
3) Teacher’s qualifications.

Ответ:

8. According to Samuel Jeffrey, what advantage is unique to teaching abroad and not found by simply traveling?

1) An ability to save money.

2) A better study of a new culture.

3) Feeling of belonging in a local community.

Ответ:

9. What advice does Samuel Jeffrey give to those wishing to teach English abroad?

1) Try to learn everything there is to about the prospective school.

2) Stay away from ESL industry.

3) Learn how to recognize the tricky operators.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 1—9 не забудьте перенести ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 2. Чтение

10. Установите соответствие между текстами A—G и заголовками 1—8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Circles on the Water

2. Ancient Ancestor

3. Different Explanations

4. Unexpected Invention

5. Solution to the Problem

6. Hidden Menace

7. Artificial Eye

8. Significant Benefits

A. Chocolate chip cookies were actually a mistake! One day in 1903, Ruth Wakefield, while baking a batch of cookies, noticed she was out of bakers’ chocolate! As a substitute she broke some semi-sweetened chocolate into small pieces and put them in the dough. She thought that the chocolate would melt in the dough and the dough would absorb it. When she opened up the oven, she realized she had invented the tasty treat called chocolate chip cookies!

B. Computers originally began as calculators. The first calculator was made by Blaise Pascal. It only had eight buttons, and it could only do addition and subtraction. There was a set of wheels, and all of the wheels had the numbers zero through nine on them. The wheels were connected by gears and each turn of one wheel would turn the next wheel one-tenth of a turn. This machine was completed in 1642 when Blaise was twenty-one years old.

C. A helicopter has a big advantage over an airplane, especially when people might be trapped in a tight place like on a mountain, where there is not much space to land, or on the water. They are also used for rescuing people from burning buildings or from trees when there are floods. Without the helicopter as a rescue vehicle, many people would lose their lives because the rescuers would be unable to reach them if they were in a difficult area.

D. Cars have always caused air pollution. In the past, there was a lot more air pollution created by cars than there is today. In the future, there will probably be even less. Two good ways for pursuing the dream of less air pollution are cars that run on solar energy and cars that run on fuel cells. Solar energy and fuel cells don’t cause pollution because they do not give off any exhaust.

E. Reporter Rob Spence is planning to have a camera embedded in his eye socket and become a «bionic reporter’. Spence, who lost one of his eyes when he was young, says he has a prototype in development and that one day the replacement of even healthy eyes with bionic ones may become commonplace. «It seems shocking now, but it will become more and more normal,» he said.

F. Crop circles have been appearing in fields all over the world for the past 30 years. There have been suggestions that they are made by flying saucers landing and flattening the crops, or even that they are messages left by visiting aliens. Others think they are created by microwave beams from satellites orbiting the Earth. Other more rational suggestions are that crop circles are man-made hoaxes, attempting to convince the public of extra-terrestrial life on Earth.

G. The Egyptian Pyramids have always been surrounded by mystery. When Egyptologists began to open the tombs of the pharaohs, rumours abounded that anyone who raided them would be cursed. Many think a curse was to blame for the death of Lord Carnarvon, who funded the expedition to open King Tutankhamen’s tomb in 1923. He died of pneumonia after being bitten by a mosquito a few weeks after the tomb was opened.

Рис.2 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

The Study of Life

Biology means the study of life and it is the science which investigates all living things. Even in the days before recorded history, people knew and passed on information about plants and animals. Prehistoric people survived by learning ___ (A). Farming would not have developed if they had not begun to understand that animals could produce food like milk and eggs.

The ancient Egyptians studied the life cycle of insects and understood the part that insects and pollen played in the life cycle of plants. The ancient Mesopotamians even kept animals in ___ (B). The ancient Greeks, too, were greatly interested in understanding the world around them. Aristotle recorded his observations of plants and animals, and his successor, Theophrastus, wrote the first books on plant life, ___ (C).

Modern biology really began in the 17th century. At that time, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, in Holland, invented the microscope and William Harvey, in England, described the circulation of blood. The microscope allowed scientists to discover bacteria, ___ (D). And new knowledge about how the human body works allowed others to find more effective ways of treating illnesses.

In the middle of the 19th century, unnoticed by anyone else, the Austrian monk Gregor Mendel, created his Laws of Inheritance, beginning the study of genetics ___ (E). At the same time, while travelling around the world, Charles Darwin was formulating the central principle of modern biology-natural selection as the basis of evolution.

In the 20th century, biologists began to recognize how plants and animals live and pass on their genetically coded information to the next generation. Since then, partly because of developments in computer technology, there have been great advances in the field of biology, ___ (F).

1. who were very dangerous

2. that is such an important part of biology today

3. which made a very important contribution to the study of botany

4. which plants were good to eat and which could be used for medicine

5. what were the earliest zoological gardens

6. which led to an understanding of the causes of disease

7. which is an area of ever-growing knowledge

Рис.3 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

The Hitchhiker

As Andrea turned off the motorway onto the road to Brockbourne, the small village in which she lived, it was four o’clock in the afternoon, but already the sun was falling behind the hills. At this time in December, it would be completely dark by five o’clock. Andrea shivered. The interior of the car was not cold, but the trees bending in the harsh wind and the patches of yesterday’s snow still heaped in the fields made her feel chilly inside. It was another ten miles to the cottage where she lived with her husband Michael, and the dim light and wintry weather made her feel a little lonely.

She was just coming out of the little village of Mickley when she saw an old lady, standing by the road, with a crude hand-written sign saying «Brockbourne’ in her hand. Andrea was surprised. She had never seen an old lady hitchhiking before. However, the weather and the coming darkness made her feel sorry for the lady, waiting hopefully on a country road like this with little traffic. Normally, Andrea would never pick up a hitchhiker when she was alone, thinking it was too dangerous, but what was the harm in doing a favor for a little old lady like this? Andrea pulled up a little way down the road, and the lady, holding a big shopping bag, hurried over to climb in the door which Andrea had opened for her.

When she did get in, Andrea could see that she was not, in fact, so little. Broad and fat, the old lady had some difficulty climbing in through the car door, with her big bag, and when she had got in, she more than filled the seat next to Andrea. She wore a long, shabby old dress, and she had a yellow hat pulled down low over her eyes. Panting noisily from her effort, she pushed her big brown canvas shopping bag down onto the floor under her feet, and said in a voice which was almost a whisper, «Thank you dearie. I’m just going to Brockbourne.»

«Do you live there?» asked Andrea, thinking that she had never seen the old lady in the village in the four years she had lived there herself. «No, dearie,» answered the passenger, in her soft voice, «I’m just going to visit a friend. He was supposed to meet me back there at Mickley, but his car won’t start, so I decided to hitchhike. I knew some kind soul would give me a lift.»

Something in the way the lady spoke, and the way she never turned her head, but stared continuously into the darkness ahead from under her old yellow hat, made Andrea uneasy about this strange hitchhiker. She didn’t know why, but she felt instinctively that there was something wrong, something odd, something.. dangerous. But how could an old lady be dangerous? It was absurd. Careful not to turn her head, Andrea looked sideways at her passenger. She studied the hat, the dirty collar of the dress, the shapeless body, the arms with their thick black hairs.. Thick black hairs? Hairy arms? Andrea’s blood froze. This wasn’t a woman. It was a man.

At first, she didn’t know what to do. Then suddenly, an idea came into her terrified brain. Swinging the wheel suddenly, she threw the car into a skid, and brought it to a halt. «My God!» she shouted, «A child! Did you see the child? I think I hit her!» The «old lady’ was clearly shaken by the sudden skid. «I didn’t see anything dearie,» she said. «I don’t think you hit anything.» «I’m sure it was a child!» insisted Andrea. «Could you just get out and have a look? Just see if there’s anything on the road?» She held her breath. Would her plan work?

It did. The passenger slowly opened the car door, leaving her bag inside, and climbed out to investigate. As soon as she was out of the vehicle, Andrea gunned the engine and soon she had put a good three miles between herself and the awful hitchhiker.

It was only then that she thought about the bag lying on the floor in front of her. Maybe the bag would provide some information about the real identity of the old woman who was actually not an old woman. Pulling into the side of the road, Andrea lifted the heavy bag onto her lap and opened it curiously. It contained only one item – a small hand axe, with a razor-sharp blade. The axe, and the inside of the bag, were covered with the dark red stains of dried blood. Andrea began to scream.

12. Andrea shivered because…

1) the sun was falling behind the hills.

2) it was chilly inside the car.

3) it was snowing outside.

4) the weather was wintry.

Ответ:

13. Andrea decided to give the old woman a lift because…

1) she normally picked up hitchhikers.

2) she didn’t think it was dangerous.

3) had never seen an old lady hitchhiking before.

4) she was alone.

Ответ:

14. The old lady seemed strange to Andrea since…

1) she wore old shabby clothes.

2) her behaviour was unnatural.

3) she didn’t take off her yellow hat

4) she had a big shopping bag.

Ответ:

15. Andrea suddenly stopped her car because…

1) she thought she had hit a child.

2) the car skidded as there was ice on the road.

3) she wanted to make the passenger get out of the car.

4) she intended to frighten her passenger.

Ответ:

16. Andrea opened the bag because…

1) she was going to find the address of «the old lady’.

2) she would like to use her things.

3) she intended to throw her things away.

4) she wanted to find out who the passenger was.

Ответ:

17. Andrea felt terrified because the hitchhiker turned out to be…

1) a thief.
2) a smuggler.
3) a murderer.
4) a woodcutter.

Ответ:

18. According to the story, Andrea was…

1) resourceful.
2) suspicious.
3) cold-hearted.
4) persistent.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 10—18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—24.

School Uniforms

Many people believe that uniforms are better than casual clothes for children at school. Uniforms remind the children that they have to follow rules at school.

19. Casual clothes ___________ this. NOT DO

20. With all the children at school ___________ the same clothes, children from rich families dress the same way as children from poorer families. WEAR

21. A uniform also ___________ a feeling that everyone at the same school is part of the same community. CREATE

22. In the 1960s and 1970s, many schools in Britain ___________ having a school uniform because of the expense for parents. STOP

23. Since then, however, a number of these schools ___________ uniforms back. BRING

24. Their new uniforms are more comfortable and more fashionable than uniforms ___________ forty years ago. BE

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25—29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.

The Longest River in the World

25. Many encyclopаedias state with _________ that the River Nile in Africa is the longest river in the world. CONFIDENT

26. Its lengthis often given as being 6, 695 kilometres. However, there are _________ who would question that. SCIENCE

27. Indeed, some would argue that the River Amazon in South America is in fact longer than the Nile. At first sight it seems _________ that we don’t know exactly how long the rivers are. BELIEVE

28. The situation becomes more _________, though, when we consider. UNDERSTAND

29. that there is not always _________about where a river actually starts. AGREE

***

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30—36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30—36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Space Programmes

The main argument used against the space programme is that the enormous amount of money it costs I could be better spent on solving problems such as poverty and environmental damage here on Earth.

Initially, this view 30 ___________ persuasive, particularly when confronted with how huge the amounts of money we are talking about actually are. Surely, the argument goes, if, instead of sending I hundreds of billions of dollars up into space for a pointless walk on the Moon or a few glossy colour photographs of Mars, we channelled the funds into 31 ___________ projects on our own planet, we could solve all the world’s problems in about as short a time as it takes for the space shuttle to circle the globe.

How appealing and – perhaps sadly – how untrue. The fallacy of that argument is in the idea that all of the money allotted to the space programme is wasted in space. It isn’t. None of the money goes into space at 32 ___________. It stays right here on Earth and is fed back into the economy.

Take the astronauts and tens of thousands of other people who are involved in whatever way with the space programme. They spend their salaries – and pay tax on them – here on Earth. That tax is used by governments to do a number of important things: build hospitals and schools, 33 ___________ pensions, pay for the police service and, yes, fund the space programme. Take the cost of all the spacecraft, the technology inside them and the research that’s done to create that technology. All of that money goes to companies here on Earth, companies which pay tax if they 34 ___________ a profit, and pay salaries to their workers, who then pay tax to the government, which builds hospitals, etc.

Looking at it the other way round, what would happen if all the governments in the world which have a space programme 35 ___________ their programmes down tomorrow? Would they have a lot more money to spend on other things? Only for a very short time, because along with the 36 ___________ savings there would be enormous costs from the increased unemployment and reduction in taxes received.

30. 1). sees. 2). sounds. 3). views. 4) hears

Ответ: ____

31. 1). generous. 2). pleasant. 3). worthwhile. 4) optimistic

Ответ: ____

32. 1). once. 2). best. 3). last. 4) all

Ответ: ____

33. 1). provide. 2). donate. 3). contribute. 4) sponsor

Ответ: ____

34. 1). make. 2). build. 3). construct. 4) manufacture

Ответ: ____

35. 1). finished. 2). ended. 3). turned. 4) closed

Ответ: ____

36. 1). urgent. 2). immediate. 3). hurried. 4) fast

Ответ: ____

По окончании выполнения заданий 19—36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19—29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Раздел 4. Письменная речь

Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов №2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.

37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Mike:

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: Hobby

…I’ve got new hobbies – recording birds’ songs and taking pictures of wild life. What hobby do you have? How much time do you spend on it? What do your parents and friends think of your hobby?

Hooray! My elder brother promised to be back home from college on my birthday…

Write an email to Mike.

In your message:

– answer his questions;

– ask 3 questions about his elder brother

Write 100—140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

***

Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.

38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on annual sales of electric vehicles. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Рис.4 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2—3 facts;

– make 1—2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that can arise with using electric vehicles and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of electric cars in future.

***

38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on what teens use smartphones for in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results оf the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).

Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

What Teenagers Use Smartphones for

Рис.5 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2—3 facts;

– make 1—2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that one can face using smartphones and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of smartphones in our life.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Test 11. Устная часть

Task 1

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

Ecotourism is a recent development in the tourist industry. It was created in its

current form in the 1980s but became first well known when the United Nations declared the year 2002 to be the International Year of Ecotourism. Ecotourism is an environmentally responsible travel to natural areas in order to enjoy and appreciate nature that promote conservation. These areas have a low visitor impact and provide active socio-economic involvement of local peoples. Many ecotours employ native guides who can help visitors appreciate the natural and cultural significance of their experience. Ecotourism can also provide an economic development for local communities and can increase the level of education among travelers, making them more enthusiastic agents of conservation.

Task 2

Study the advertisement

Рис.6 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

You are considering to buy ipad and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following:

1) the amount of internal memory

2) if they provide a free delivery service

3) if they have special offers

4) advantages of the device

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 3

Typescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss higher education. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: How many of your peers want to continue their education after high school?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Why do so many people in the modern world go to university?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What advantages does higher education provide?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Are you planning to go to university? Why?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What are the disadvantages of higher education?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.

You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions.

Give full answers to the questions (2—3 sentences).

Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Task 4

Imagine that you and your friend are doing a project «Pastime Activities». You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

• explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;

• mention the advantages (1—2) of the two types of pastime activities;

• mention the disadvantages (1—2) of the two types of pastime activities;

• express your opinion on the subject of the project – which way of spending pastime you prefer and why.

Рис.7 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2—3 sentences for every item of the plan, 12—15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

TEST 12

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. It’s good to learn more about your future profession before getting a degree.

2. Don’t show off and you won’t get into trouble.

3. Unpleasant accidents with your relatives can put you off traveling abroad.

4. There are always some ways to reduce your travel cost.

5. There are many ways to keep in touch with relatives and friends.

6. Some people don’t want to travel because they’re addicted to local food.

7. A gap year after school can ruin your career prospects.

Рис.8 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

A. Andy’s mother likes it when he plays on his phone.

B. Sarah supports Andy’s mum decision.

C. Andy doesn’t have any health problems.

D. Sarah plays computer games at the weekend.

E. Sarah has daily football training.

F. Andy thought about joining a football team last year.

G. Sarah’s team does not need new players.

Рис.9 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

3. As a child, Jack was…

1) very focused on his schoolwork.

2) unable to concentrate in class.

3) eager to learn from his teachers.

Ответ:

4. According to Jack, curiosity means studying the world and…

1) attractive objects.
2) unusual subjects.
3) people themselves.

Ответ:

5. Jack went to an underwater lab because he knew…

1) he had to study the ocean there.

2) it was his last chance to work at this lab.

3) he had never been to the bottom of the ocean before.

Ответ:

6. In 31 days Jack and his team were able to…

1) do several years of scientific studies in a short time.

2) count the number of white sharks.

3) save some endangered species of fish.

Ответ:

7. According to Jack, the most valuable underwater opportunity was his…

1) engagement in animal behaviour studies.

2) ability to share his finding with the help of technology.

3) chance to test a small underwater lab.

Ответ:

8. In Jack’s opinion, the goal of any adventure is to…

1) acquire knowledge and experience.

2) test one’s limits.

3) share one’s knowledge with others.

Ответ:

9. Jack says, «Nothing is impossible» in relation to…

1) his biggest dream.

2) climate change.

3) the success of future generations.

Ответ:

Раздел 2. Чтение

1. Capital Punishment

2. Shoplifting

3. Crime Prevention

4. Kidnapping

5. Frightening Changes

.6. Long-Term Effect

7. Virtual Crime

8. Guilty or Not Guilty?

A. The presumption of innocence is a legal right that the accused in criminal trials has in many modern countries. The burden of proof is thus on the prosecution. It has to collect and present enough compelling evidence to convince the jury of the fact that beyond a reasonable doubt the accused has broken the law. In case of remaining doubts, the accused is to be acquitted.

B. Sarah and Lisa always enjoyed hanging out at the mall. But one Saturday, after shopping for jeans, Sarah pulled a new shirt out of her bag. Lisa didn’t remember seeing her buy it. «I didn’t,» Sarah told her. «I lifted it.» Lisa was upset and puzzled. Stealing didn’t seem like something Sarah would do. Sometimes people do not realize the consequences of this crime.

C. Even families living in so-called «safe’ neighbourhoods are concerned. They may feel safe today, but there is always a reminder that violence can intrude at any moment. Polly Klaas and her family no doubt felt safe in Petaluma, California. But on October 1, 1993, she was abducted from her suburban home during a sleepover. If she can be abducted and murdered, so can nearly any other child.

D. The Internet is a great place to find information, make friends, keep in touch with others, and do business. There always are other sides as long as there is a criminal element. As our world becomes more computerized and ever more interconnected, different kinds of computer crimes will continue to grow. These include break-ins of computers to get trade secrets or illegal entry for the thrill and challenge.

E. Movie violence these days is louder and bloodier than ever before. When a bad guy was shot in a black-and-white Western, the most we saw was a puff of smoke and a few drops of fake blood. Now the sights, sounds, and special effects often jar us more than the real thing. Slow motion and pyrotechnics conspire to make movies and TV shows more gruesome than ever.

F. University of Illinois psychologist Leonard Eron studied children at age eight and then again at eighteen. He found that television habits established at the age of eight influenced aggressive behaviour through childhood and adolescent years. The more violent were the programs preferred by boys in the third grade, the more aggressive was their behaviour, both at that time and ten years later.

G. In the debate about execution and human dignity, supporters and opponents of the death penalty have found very little common ground. Since the 18th century, those who wish to abolish the death penalty have stressed the significance of requiring governments to recognize the importance of each individual. However, supporters of this penal practice see nothing wrong with governments deliberately killing terrible people who commit terrible crimes.

Рис.10 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

Reality Television

Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described ___ (A). Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, ___ (B).

Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows to surveillance-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term «reality television’ is somewhat of a misnomer ___ (C). The participants of these shows are often put in exotic locations or abnormal situations and are sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, whereas the events on screen are manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques.

Part of reality television’s appeal is ___ (D). Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, mainly in talent and performance programmes such as Pop Idol, ___ (E).

Some commentators have said that the name «reality television’ is an inaccurate description for several styles of programme included in the genre. In competition-based programmes such as Big Brother and The Real World, producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, ___ (F). Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts

1. the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000

2. though frequently Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity

3. that is rather popular with teenagers

4. because such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality

5. as a form of artificial documentary

6. creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out

7. due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations

Рис.11 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

Harry’s World

It’s best to be here early, especially on Saturdays. The rising pitch of the kettle is whistle joined with the faint hiss from the little blue camping stove. Twenty years old, that stove, found the receipt in a drawer just the other day – a bargain at four pounds fifty – but it always pays to hang onto the receipts. It’s Saturday today. By eight-thirty the staff have all arrived, I can’t hear them directly, but the soft, distant voices of the lifts rising and falling give them away.

Of course, there is routine that measures time doesn’t it? Even the period before Christmas and during the sales that follow, routine is still there, although the time stretches and contracts as the public ebb and flow through the building like an unpredictable tide – routine will still be there, disguised, beneath the surface, an undertow. As the management ritually pull out their hair, thicken their arteries, bark at their coworkers and re-prioritise their priorities – behind it all routine will be waiting. Everyone here is a slave to it.. even if they move on, get married, die.. there will always be others to master, to enslave. I too am a slave to routine.. but I don’t mind.

I look at the long white envelope with my name printed neatly in the centre, its edges slightly curled as though to fend off the surrounding army of clutter on the desk. An intruder. A foreign object.

I go down the stairs and open the main doors. Can’t keep the public waiting. Today is much like any other day. In amongst the structure of routine women drift like ghosts amid the lingerie, touching here, feeling there while husbands linger on the periphery of their erratic orbits, faces masked with bored indifference; in the homeware section, tweed-skirted ladies lift the lids on teapots; sniff, like careful poodles at bowls of Pot Porri, turn everything upside down to check the price and replace it quickly at the approach of an eager assistant. The sun streams through the plate glass windows in great broad beams, igniting every chrome fitting, while tired and wayward children are narrowly missed by my trolley’s wheels.

At 11 o’clock I go to the meeting with Mr. Radcliffe, the manager. He is a fat man, and the smallest motion on his part induces him to break into a sweat. He sits across the desk from me with the air of a man who has never dared to look a day in the eye. He speaks quickly and a little pompously, his eyes drifting toward the clock on the wall more often than my face. He says his words carefully, as though trying to pull each one down with the gravity of his tone. He endeavours to grant some words such as «free time’, «benefit package’, «pension fund’, «hobbies’ and «exemplary service’ an even greater weight of importance, but succeeds only in sweating some more as he glances to the clock.

In the staff canteen at lunchtime I see Mr. Radcliffe again as he orders a main course and two sweets, but this is not an unusual occurrence as far as I am aware. I don’t often come here, preferring to eat in my room upstairs, there I can read uninterrupted. But today I choose the canteen, although even here I am isolated to an island table set for six – that’s fine. I am not so naive to be unaware that I have a certain reputation here – a kind of gruff aloofness. I don’t actually believe this is part of my nature.. or at least it never used to be. I like to be my own man, that’s all. I’ve little time for idle gossip. Years ago, when the new, young starters would arrive in June or July, I was more sociable. They would plague me for tips on the horses, or pop up to my «office’ for a skive or a cup of tea. But it all got a little out of hand. I no longer had any peace. So I became a little testy with them, and my annoyance soon became more organised. I became unpredictable and aggressive, this became a bit of a game, then a habit, and in the end.. finally.. me.

It’s dusk now and the store is quiet again. The kettle rocks gently on the metal frame of the stove. I glance around my room; the rows of books and piles of magazines, the ancient portable television, the radio. I have very few real possessions. What, really, does one man need? I’ve brought the things little by little from the flat. Now I think I have all that is required. I suppose, on occasion, they have suspected I stay here through the night, but that doesn’t bother me. It was a relief to let the flat go completely, I never felt at home there.

I have taken the retirement letter from its envelope and dropped it onto the worn lino. Now it lies there like a broken kite. I will sit here; wait until the mice come out from their hidden places to nibble at its corners and eat its words.

12. The narrator’s stove…

1) was bought in the second-hand shop.

2) was bought twelve years ago.

3) was rather expensive.

4) cost less than its usual price.

Ответ:

13. According to the narrator,

1) the working hours of the store are always the same.

2) there are things that people do regularly.

3) there is always a sale in the shop before Christmas.

4) he hates the routine.

Ответ:

14. While shopping…

1) husbands show real interest in what their wives are buying.

2) ladies examine carefully all the goods.

3) children are easy to control because they are tired.

4) shop assistants don’t want to help customers.

Ответ:

15. Mr Radcliffe…

1) is a tall slim man.
2) always wears a sweater.
3) wants to show his importance.
4) speaks quietly.

Ответ:

16. The narrator usually…

1) chooses the staff canteen to have lunch.
2) has lunch with the management.
3) doesn’t have lunch at all.
4) prefers to read during his lunchtime.

Ответ:

17. The narrator has a reputation of…

1) an unfriendly person not wishing to talk to people.

2) a friendly and sociable person.

3) a person who enjoys gossiping.

4) a person who tests people.

Ответ:

18. The narrator lives in his office because…

1) it is very comfortable.

2) he doesn’t bother to go home.

3) he doesn’t like his flat.

4) he has very few real possessions.

Ответ:

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Telling Stories

19. Books tell stories, films tell stories and we tell one another stories. Telling stories ___________ important since people first sat around a camp fire. BE

20. Back then, hundreds of thousands of years ago, people ___________ stories about things they had done earlier that day while hunting. TELL

21. A hunter could make ___________ sound very brave in his own story. HE

22. They also made up mythical stories, ___________ the world around them and where they came from. EXPLAIN

23. Many of ___________ stories became part of their culture because they were told many times. THAT

24. Long before writing ___________, people learnt stories from their parents and passed them on to their own children. APPEAR.

Marlon Brando

25. Marlon Brando was perhaps the greatest film actor of his generation. He was born in 1924 and people soon realised that he was ___________. TALENT

26. However, he never did very well at school and he never seemed to be interested in ___________. EDUCATE

.When he finally left school, he travelled to New York, where he became a ___________ at drama school. STUDY

27. There, he heard about the ideas of the Russian Konstantin Stanislavski, who had developed a way to bring acting closer to ___________. REAL

28. Brando used Stanislavski’s ideas in his acting and during the 1940s he appeared in ___________ plays on Broadway. VARY

29. The critics liked him and he slowly became better known. His first major ___________ was in the film «A Streetcar Named Desire (1947)». He became world famous and a star was born. SUCCEED

***

A Long Way

«Come on. I’ll help you.» The voice came from the left and Jenny turned her head in that direction.

She was blind, and had been from birth, but even without the sense of sight, she could tell that the voice belonged to a middle-aged man. He touched her on the arm and she pulled back. The guide dog by her side looked up.

«Please,» she said, struggling to keep her anger 30 ___________ control. «That’s very kind of you, but I don’t need any help.»

«Oh,» the man said, and Jenny could imagine the look of confusion on his face. «I’m sorry,» he said finally, and crossed the road. People just didn’t seem to realise that there was a huge difference between offering help and trying to take control of somebody else’s life. Sometimes she 31 ___________ people’s attempts to help funny, but not today. Today it was important to 32___________ the impression that she was independent, because today was the first day in her new job.

She waited until the signal from her dog told her that it was safe and she 33 ___________ off across the road. When they reached the other side, she paused for a second to 34 ___________ herself of the way and then continued. After a few days in the job, her dog would have learnt the way, but for now Jenny had to 35 ___________ the distance to the right building. She counted her steps and listened. To anyone who could see, it would have seemed like a quiet street, but Jenny concentrated on the small sounds: her footsteps, a car going past, the bell on a bicycle. They helped her judge when she was coming close to the corner of the street, where she knew number 116 stood. They got there and she stopped. She patted her dog on the head. «Well, boy, this is it,» she said. She knew there would be many challenges ahead. There always were.

But at least she had overcome the first one: 36___________ to the building. She stepped inside.

30. 1). in. 2). on. 3). behind. 4) under

Ответ: ____

31. 1). took. 2). found. 3). kept. 4) caught

Ответ: ____

32. 1). give. 2). hand. 3). throw. 4) send

Ответ: ____

33. 1). made. 2). came. 3). put. 4) set

Ответ: ____

34. 1). remember. 2). recall. 3). remind. 4) recollect

Ответ: ____

35. 1). locate. 2). estimate. 3). discover. 4) reveal

Ответ: ____

36. 1). being. 2). getting. 3). making. 4) bringing

Ответ: ____

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Раздел 4. Письменная речь

37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Joan:

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: Summer weather

…When I forget to take an umbrella in summer, it always rains. What’s the weather like in summer where you live? What do you usually do when it rains? How do you protect yourself from bad weather?

I bought new shoes two days ago, but now I think I should take them back to the store…

Write an email to Joan.

In your message:

– answer his questions;

– ask 3 questions about her new shoes.

Write 100—140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing. Music Genre. Popularity

***

38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what music genres are popular in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

Рис.12 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2—3 facts;

– make 1—2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that can arise with music genres and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of genres in music.

***

38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on book sales growth in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results оf the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Reasons of Book Sales Growth

Рис.13 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2—3 facts;

– make 1—2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that one can face selling books and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of growth of book sales.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Test 12. Устная часть

Task 1

Thirty years ago, there were some 2 million king penguins on France’s remote island of Ile aux Cochons. It is located in the Indian Ocean, between Africa and Antarctica. But satellite pictures show that the population has almost entirely disappeared. A recent study published in the journal Antarctic Science estimates that only 200,000 of the penguins are left. The reason for the decline is unknown. Scientists say disease could be a factor. Another reason could be overcrowding. King penguins relocate when they can no longer compete for food. But an even more alarming trend may be playing a part: climate change. Penguins like to hunt and fish in icy waters. But as air temperatures get warmer, so do the oceans. The penguins have to swim farther away from the island to reach cold water.

Task 2

Study the advertisement

Рис.14 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

You are considering visiting the Cesky Krumlov city and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following:

1) the most popular sights of the city

2) price for the family of three

3) recommendations

4) services that they provide during the trip

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 3

Typescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss summer holidays. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: What part of Russia do you live in? What’s the weather like in summer there?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What else would you like our listeners to know about your region?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What can you tell us about your family?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: How did you use to spend your summer holidays when you were seven?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: How would you like to spend your summer holidays in 10 years?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.

You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions.

Give full answers to the questions (2—3 sentences).

Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Task 4

Imagine that you and your friend are doing a project «Ways of fishing». You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

• explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;

• mention the advantages (1—2) of the two types of fishing;

• mention the disadvantages (1—2) of the two types of fishing;

• express your opinion on the subject of the project – which way of fishing you’d prefer and why.

Рис.15 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2—3 sentences for every item of the plan, 12—15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

TEST 13

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. There are house chores that keep you fit.

2. Make your house chores enjoyable!

3. Sharing responsibilities is the best way.

4. Why spoil childhood with house chores?

5. No decorations is better than hard work.

6. Have your child do house chores gladly!

7. Technology is the answer to house chores.

Рис.16 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

A. The tourist has never been to Russia.

B. The tourist wants to see both Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

C. The tourist loves evening excursions.

D. The manager thinks Saint Basil’s Cathedral isn’t worth seeing.

E. The tourist will have some time for shopping in Moscow.

F. The tourist hopes to visit a show in the State Kremlin Palace.

G. The tourist wants to buy a tour straight away.

Рис.17 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

3. What does the presenter say about Jane Bliss?

1) She is in the movie industry.

2) She is not particularly rich.

3) She worked for the United Nations.

Ответ:

4. During her first visit to Cambodia Jane realized she…

1) knew little about the life of people there.

2) was risking her life all the time.

3) couldn’t walk on her own anywhere.

Ответ:

5. What does Jane say about people in Cambodia?

1) They have a rich culture and history.

2) Their life is very hard.

3) They are not very hospitable.

Ответ:

6. Why did Jane choose the United Nations to work with?

1) It was the only one working in Cambodia.

2) She trusted this organization very much.

3) They offered her a position.

Ответ:

7. What is Jane’s main purpose in her work in Cambodia?

1) To make people aware of how dangerous the situation is.

2) To attract money and investors to the area for helping the refugees.

3) To make Cambodian people free and less shy.

Ответ:

8. Which of the following is NOT true about life in Cambodia now?

1) There are no roads.

2) People earn very little.

3) Charities play important role there.

Ответ:

9. What does Jane say about her life in Cambodia?

1) It was difficult to find a bathroom.

2) She found a lot of landmines.

3) It was hard to be under permanent stress.

Ответ:

Раздел 2. Чтение

1. Recognize Your Limitations

2. Take a Rest

3. Clear Out Distractions

4. Have Help Handy

5. Plan Your Work

6. Stay Calm Under Pressure

7. Work With Interest

8. Stay Focused

A. The overriding idea is to go for simplicity. A quiet basement, a library table or the ground next to a big tree outside allow you to focus on what you’re doing. Examples of poor locations would include the kitchen table, common areas where you’re likely to encounter friends, or even your own room, as it’s usually stocked with a computer, television, and video games that seem a lot more appealing than what you’re doing. You have to remove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key to any successful session of work.

B. Making your work relate to your leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much of the tedium associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your favourite historical battle. Just pick anything to make your reports and assignments less mundane. As long as you meet all the requirements of the assignment, the rest is yours to choose.

C. It’s okay to reward a long session of hard work with a quick break here or there. Eat something, watch a TV show, play a bit of your favourite video game, pick up a musical instrument and practise a little bit. Trying to work too long at too hard a pace without a break is only going to spoil your work in the end, as you’ll start to tire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks proportional to the amount of time you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spirits up.

D. Ultimately, you are going to have to make executive decisions about the importance of various assignments relative to how much time and effort you’re expending on them. Don’t get bogged down worrying about finishing a small assignment that is worth a negligible fraction of your grade if it means that finishing it will cost you important points on a far more important project or paper for another class. Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. In the grand scheme of things, it’s always best to do what will get you the best overall average of grade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments to do, don’t try and work on more than one at a time. Pick the most immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until it’s done. Then move on to the next most pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation to bypass hard, looming assignments to jump to easier but less pressing assignments for your sense of accomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on one task is the key to any successful session of work.

F. Often, you’ll be tempted to pull all-nighters simply to get things done and out of your head. This is extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense you’re giving less and less effort to your work, then stop. It’s always better to pick it up the next day when you’re focused than to run a marathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you aren’t proud of.

G. It’s not always easy to stay on the ball in college, but if you know how to stay calm, and make your assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how to even start an assignment, always feel free to contact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents for advice. Don’t let your fears get in the way of your doing well. If asking a professor for assistance is the difference between a C and an A on an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should care about your college marks.

Рис.18 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

Cooling Buildings

Solar panels on the roof aren’t just providing clean power; they are cooling the house. Using thermal imaging, researchers determined that during the day, a building’s ceiling was 5 degrees Fahrenheit cooler under solar panels than under an exposed roof. At night, the panels help hold heat in, ___ (A).

As solar panels sprout on an increasing number of residential and commercial roofs, it becomes more important to consider their impact on buildings’ total energy costs. Data for the study was gathered over three days on the roof of the San Diego School of Engineering with a thermal infrared camera. The building is equipped with tilted solar panels and solar panels ___ (B). Some portions of the roof are not covered by panels.

The panels essentially act as roof shades. Rather than the sun beating down onto the roof, ___ (C), photovoltaic panels take the solar beating. Then much of the heat is removed by wind blowing between the panels and the roof. The benefits are greater if there is an open gap ___ (D), so tilted panels provide more cooling. Also, the more efficient the solar panels, the bigger the cooling effect. For the building researchers analyzed, the panels reduced the amount of heat reaching the roof by about 38 percent.

Although the measurements took place over a limited period of time, the team developed a model that allows them to extrapolate their findings to predict cooling effects throughout the year.

For example, in winter, the panels would keep the sun from heating up the building. But at night, they would also keep in ___ (E).

There are more efficient ways to passively cool buildings ___ (F). But, if you are considering installing solar photovoltaic, depending on your roof thermal properties, you can expect a large reduction in the amount of energy you use to cool your residence or business.

1. which causes heat to be pushed through the roof

2. where air can circulate between the building and the solar panel

3. that are flush with the roof

4. such as reflective roof membranes

5. reducing heating costs in the winter

6. that was not covered with panels

7. whatever heat accumulated inside

Рис.19 11-й – 20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2023, на базе материалов ФИПИ

***

Missing

Now it was dark, and Sean’s wife and son lay in their tent and worried. «When is Dad coming back?» Aidan asked Megan over and over. «Why isn’t he back yet?»

Источник

Task 1 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

Fire Crews Hunt Escaped Hamster

The girl’s mother said: ‘We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone В ____ .’

The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still refused С ____ .

The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie had finally returned.

through a small hole in the floor
through the hole for the hamster
and locked the runaway hamster
to come out of the hole
to look after the pet
to try and locate the missing hamster
and left it under the floorboards

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	1	4	7	2	3

Task 2

Speed of eating is ‘key to obesity’

If you eat very quickly, it may be enough to increase your risk of being overweight, research suggests.

Osaka University scientists looked at the eating habits of 3,000 people. Just about half of them told researchers that they A ______ . Compared with those who did not eat quickly, fast-eating men were 84% more likely to be overweight, and women were 100% more likely to В ______ .

Japanese scientists said that there were a number of reasons why eating fast С ______ . They said it could prevent the work of a signalling system which tells your brain to stop eating because your stomach is full. They said: ‘If you eat quickly you basically fill your stomach before the system has a chance to react, so you D _____ .

The researchers also explained that a mechanism that helps make us fat today, developed with evolution and helped people get more food in the periods when they were short of it. The scientists added that the habit of eating fast could be received from one’s parents genes or E ______ .

They said that, if possible, children should be taught to F ______ , and allowed to stop when they felt full up at mealtimes. ‘The advice of our grandmothers about chewing everything 20 times might be true — if you take a bit more time eating, it could have a positive influence on your weight.

just overfill your stomach
could be bad for your weight
have a habit of eating quickly
linked to obesity
eat as slowly as possible
put on weight
learned at a very early age

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	2	1	7	5

Task 3

Hi-Tech Brings Families Together

Technology is helping families stay in touch like never before, says a report carried out in the US.

Instead of driving people apart, mobile phones and the Internet are A ____ . The research looked at the differences in technology use between families with children and single adults. It found that traditional families have more hi-tech gadgets in their home В ____ . Several mobile phones were found in 89% of families and 66% had a high-speed Internet connection. The research also found that 58% of families have more С ____ .

Many people use their mobile phone to keep in touch and communicate with parents and children. Seventy percent of couples, D ____ , use it every day to chat or say hello. In addition, it was found that 42% of parents contact their children via their mobile every day.

The growing use of mobile phones, computers and the Internet means that families no longer gather round the TV to spend time together. 25% of those who took part in the report said they now spend less time E ____ . Only 58% of 18—29 year olds said they watched TV every day. Instead the research found that 52% of Internet users who live with their families go online F ____ several times a week and 51% of parents browse the web with their children.

Some analysts have worried that new technologies hurt families, but we see that technology allows for new kinds of connectedness built around cell phones and the Internet/ said the report.

than any other group
watching television
in the company of someone else
than two computers in the home
communicated with their families
helping them communicate
owning a mobile

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	1	4	7	2	3

Task 4

The Power of ‘Hello’

I work at a company where there are hundreds of employees. I know most of them and almost all of them know me. It is all based on one simple principle: I believe every single person deserves to be acknowledged, A ______ .

When I was about 10 years old, I was walking down the street with my mother. She stopped to speak to Mr. Lee. I knew I could see Mr. Lee any time around the neighborhood, В ______ .

After we passed Mr. Lee, my mother said something that has stuck with me from that day until now. She said, ‘You let that be the last time you ever walk by somebody and not open up your mouth to speak, because even a dog can wag its tail С______ . That phrase sounds simple, but it has been a guidepost for me and the foundation of who I am. I started to see that when I spoke to someone, they spoke back. And that felt good. It is not just something I believe in — D ______ . I believe that every person deserves to feel someone acknowledges their presence, no matter how unimportant they may be.

At work, I always used to say ‘hello’ to the founder of the company and ask him how our business was doing. But I was also speaking to the people in the cafe, and asked how their children were doing. I remembered after a few years of passing by the founder, I had the courage to ask him for a meeting. We had a great talk.

At a certain point, I asked him E ______ . He said, ‘If you want to, you can get all the way to this seat.’ I have become vice president, but that has not changed the way I approach people. I speak to everyone I see, no matter where I am. I have learned that speaking to people creates a pathway into their world, F ______ .

it has become a way of life.
when it passes you on the street.
when you see him and talk to him.
and it lets them come into mine, too.
so I did not pay any attention to him.
however small or simple the greeting is.
how far he thought I could go in his company.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	5	2	1	7	4

Task 5

Friendship and Love

A strong friendship takes a significant amount of time to develop. It will not just magically mature overnight. A friendship involves committing oneself to help another person A ______ . I believe that, nothing can replace a true friend, not material objects, or money, and definitely not a boy.

I met this guy a couple summers ago who I ended up spending almost all of my free time with. His parents did not approve of our dating because of our age difference, В ______ . He had told me the day we met that he had joined the air force and would leave for overseas that coming October. After three months had past, the time came when he had to leave. This left me feeling completely alone.

I turned to my friends for support, but to my surprise, С ______ . I had spent so much time with this guy and so little time with them, that they did not feel sorry for me when he left. For so long they had become the only constant in my life, and I had taken them for granted over something D ______ .

When my boyfriend came back, our relationship changed. I tried to fix all the aspects in my life that had gone so wrong in the previous six months.

This experience taught me that true friendships will only survive if one puts forth effort to make them last. Keeping friends close will guarantee that E ______ . When a relationship falls apart, a friend will always do everything in their power to make everything less painful. As for me, I try to keep my friends as close as I can. I know they will always support me in whatever I do, and to them, I F ______ .

but we did anyway.
whenever a need arises.
they did not really care.
whenever they need your help.
could not guarantee would even last.
am eternally grateful for a second chance.
someone will always have a shoulder to cry on.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	1	3	5	7	6

Task 6

Mobile phones

On New Year’s Day, 1985, Michael Harrison phoned his father, Sir Ernest, to wish him a happy new year. Sir Ernest was chairman of Racal Electronics, the owner of Vodafone, A ______ .

At the time, mobile phones weighed almost a kilogram, cost several thousand pounds and provided only 20 minutes talktime. The networks themselves were small; Vodafone had just a dozen masts covering London. Nobody had any idea of the huge potential of wireless communication and the dramatic impact В ______ .

Hardly anyone believed there would come a day when mobile phones were so popular С ______ .But in 1999 one mobile phone was sold in the UK every four seconds, and by 2004 there were more mobile phones in the UK than people. The boom was a result of increased competition which pushed prices lower and created innovations in the way that mobiles were sold.

When the government introduced more competition, companies started cutting prices to attract more customers. Cellnet, for example, changed its prices, D ______ . It also introduced local call tariffs.

The way that handsets themselves were marketed was also changing and it was Finland’s Nokia who made E ______ . In the late 1990s Nokia realized that the mobile phone was a fashion item: so it offered interchangeable covers which allowed you to customize and personalize your handset.

The mobile phone industry has spent the later part of the past decade reducing its monthly charge F ______ , which has culminated in the fight between the iPhone and a succession of touch screen rivals.

trying to persuade people to do more with their phones than just call and text
that there would be more phones in the UK than there are people
and relying instead on actual call charges
that mobile phones would have over the next quarter century
the leap from phones as technology to phones as fashion items
and his son was making the first-ever mobile phone call in the UK
the move to digital technology, connecting machines to wireless networks

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	2	1	5	3

Task 7

London Zoo

London Zoo is one of the most important zoos in the world. There are over 12,000 animals at London Zoo and A ______ ! Its main concern is to breed threatened animals in captivity. This means we might be able to restock the wild, should disaster ever befall the wild population.

Partula Snail, Red Crowned Crane, Arabian Oryx, Golden Lion Tamarin, Persian Leopard, Asiatic Lion and Sumatran Tiger are just some of the species London Zoo is helping to save.

That is why it is so important that we fight to preserve the habitats that these animals live in, as well as eliminate other dangers В ______ . But we aim to make your day at London Zoo a fun and memorable time, С ______ .

In the Ambika Paul Children’s Zoo, for instance, youngsters can learn a new love and appreciation for animals D ______ . They can also learn how to care for favourite pets in the Pet Care Centre.

Then there are numerous special Highlight events E ______ unforgettable pony rides to feeding times and spectacular animal displays. You will get to meet keepers and ask them what you are interested in about the animals they care for, F ______ .

Whatever you decide, you will have a great day. We have left no stone unturned to make sure you do!

such as hunting exotic animals and selling furs
as well as the ins and outs of being a keeper at London Zoo
which take place every day, from
because they see and touch them close up
despite the serious side to our work
which demand much time and effort
that is not counting every ant in the colony

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	1	5	4	3	2

Task 8

‘Second Stonehenge’ discovered near original

Archaeologists have discovered evidence of what they believe was a second Stonehenge located a little more than a mile away from the world-famous prehistoric monument.

The new find on the west bank of the river Avon has been called «Bluestonehenge», after the colour of the 25 Welsh stones of A______.

Excavations at the site have suggested there was once a stone circle 10 metres in diameter and surrounded by a henge — a ditch with an external bank, according to the project director, Professor Mike Parker Pearson, of the University of Sheffield.

The stones at the site were removed thousands of years ago but the sizes of the holes in B ______ indicate that this was a circle of bluestones, brought from the Preseli mountains of Wales, 150 miles away.

The standing stones marked the end of the avenue C _____, a 1¾-mile long processional route constructed at the end of the Stone Age. The outer henge around the stones was built about 2400BC but arrowheads found in the stone circle indicate the stones were put up as much as 500 years earlier.

Parker Pearson said his team was waiting for results of radiocarbon dating D _____ whether stones currently in the inner circle of Stonehenge were originally located at the other riverside construction.

Pearson said: «The big, big question is when these stones were erected and when they were removed — and when we get the dating evidence we can answer both those questions.»

He added: «We speculated in the past E ______ at the end of the avenue near the river. But we were completely unprepared to discover that there was an entire stone circle. Another team member, Professor Julian Thomas, said the discovery indicated F______was central to the religious lives of the people who built Stonehenge. «Old theories about Stonehenge that do not explain the evident significance of the river will have to be rethought,» he said. Dr Josh Pollard, project co-director from the University of Bristol, described the discovery as «incredible».

which could reveal
which they stood
which it was once made up
that this stretch of the river Avon
that there might have been something
that it should be considered as integral part
that leads from the river Avon to Stonehenge

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	2	7	1	5	4

Task 9

Australia

Australia was the last great landmass to be discovered by the Europeans. The continent they eventually discovered had already been inhabited for tens of thousands of years.

Australia is an island continent A _____ is the result of gradual changes wrought over millions of years.

B ____, Australia is one of the most stable land masses, and for about 100 million years has been free of the forces that have given rise to huge mountain ranges elsewhere.

From the east coast a narrow, fertile strip merges into the greatly eroded Great Dividing Range, C ____.

The mountains are merely reminders of the mighty range, D ____. Only in the section straddling the New South Wales border with Victoria and in Tasmania, are they high enough to have winter snow.

West of the range of the country becomes increasingly flat and dry. The endless flatness is broken only by salt lakes, occasional mysterious protuberances and some mountains E ____. In places the scant vegetation is sufficient to allow some grazing. However, much of the Australian outback is a barren land of harsh stone deserts and dry lakes.

The extreme north of Australia, the Top End, is a tropical area within the monsoon belt. F ____, it comes in more or less one short, sharp burst. This has prevented the Top End from becoming seriously productive area.

that once stood here
that is almost continent long
whose property is situated to the north of Tasmania
whose landscape — much of bleak and inhospitable
whose beauty reminds of the MacDonald Ranges
Although its annual rainfall looks adequate on paper
Although there is still seismic activity in the eastern highland area

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	7	2	1	5	6

Task 10

Scotland Yard

Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police in London. To most people, its name immediately brings to mind the picture of a detective — cool, efficient, ready to track down any criminal, or a helmeted police constable — A____ and trusty helper of every traveller from overseas.

Scotland Yard is situated on the Thames Embankment close to the Houses of Parliament and the familiar clock tower of Big Ben, and its jurisdiction extends over 740 square miles with the exception of the ancient City of London, B____.

One of the most successful developments in Scotland Yard’s crime detection and emergency service has been the “999 system”. On receipt of a call the 999 Room operator ascertains by electronic device the position of the nearest available police car, C ____. Almost instantly a message is also sent by teleprinter to the police station concerned so that within seconds of a call for assistance being received, a police car is on its way to the scene. An old-established section of the Metropolitan police is the Mounted Branch, with its strength of about 200 horses stabled at strategic points. These horses are particularly suited to ceremonial occasions, D ____.

An interesting branch of Scotland Yard is the branch of Police Dogs, first used as an experiment in 1939. Now these dogs are an important part of the Force. One dog, for example, can search a warehouse in ten minutes, E ____.

There is also the River Police, or Thames Division, which deals with all crimes occurring within its river boundaries.

There are two other departments of Scotland Yard – the Witness Room (known as the Rogues’ Gallery) where a photographic record of known and suspected criminals is kept, and the Museum, F ____.

which is contacted by radio
that familiar figure of the London scene
for they are accustomed to military bands
which possesses its own separate police force
which contains murder relics and forgery exhibits
that this policeman will bring the criminal to justice
whereas the same search would take six men an hour

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	4	1	3	7	5

Task 11

Harry Potter course for university students

Students of Durham University are being given the chance to sign up to what is thought to be the UK’s first course focusing on the world of Harry Potter. Although every English-speaking person in the world knows about Harry Potter books and films, few have thought of using them as a guide to … modern life.

The Durham University module uses the works of JK Rowling A ______ modern society. “Harry Potter and the Age of Illusion” will be available for study next year. So far about 80 undergraduates have signed В ______ a BA degree in Education Studies. Future educationalists will analyse JK Rowling’s fanfiction from various points of view.

A university spokesman said: “This module places the Harry Potter novels in a wider social and cultural context.” He added that a number of themes would be explored, С ______ the classroom, bullying, friendship and solidarity and the ideals of and good citizenship.

The module was created by the head of the Department of Education at Durham University. He said the idea for the new module had appeared in response D ______ body: “It seeks to place the series in its wider social and cultural context and will explore some fundamental issues E ______ . You just need to read the academic writing which started F ______ that Harry Potter is worthy of serious study.”

up for the optional module, part of
to emerge four or five years ago to see
to examine prejudice, citizenship and bullying in
such as the response of the writer
including the world of rituals, prejudice and intolerance in
to growing demand from the student
such as the moral universe of the school

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	1	5	6	7	2

Task 12

Laughing and evolution

The first hoots of laughter from an ancient ancestor of humans could be heard at least 10 million years ago, according to the results of a new study. Researchers used recordings of apes and babies being tickled A ______ to the last common ancestor that humans shared with the modern great apes, which include chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans.

The finding challenges the opinion В ______ , suggesting instead that it emerged long before humans split from the evolutionary path that led to our primate cousins, between 10m and 16m years ago.

“In humans, laughing can be the strongest way of expressing how much we are enjoying ourselves, but it can also be used in other contexts, like making fun of someone,” said Marina Davila Ross, a psychologist at Portsmouth University. “I was interested in С ______ .”

Davila Ross travelled to seven zoos around Europe and visited a wildlife reserve in Sabah, Borneo, to record baby and juvenile apes D ______ . Great apes are known to make noises that are similar to laughter when they are excited and while they are playing with each other.

Davila Ross collected recordings of laughter from 21 chimps, gorillas, orangutans and bonobos and added recordings of three babies that were tickled to make them laugh.

To analyze the recordings, the team put them into a computer program. “Our evolutionary tree based on these acoustic recordings alone showed E ______ , but furthest from orangutans, with gorillas somewhere in the middle.” said Davila Ross. “What this shows is strong evidence to suggest F ______ .”

whether laughing emerged earlier on than humans did
to create the evolutionary tree linking humans and apes
that laughter is a uniquely human trait
that humans were closest to chimps and bonobos
that laughing comes from a common primate ancestor
while their caretakers tickled them
to trace the origin of laughter back

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	3	1	6	4	5

Task 13

Nenets culture affected by global warming

For 1,000 years the indigenous Nenets people have migrated along the 450-mile- long Yamal peninsula in northern Russia. In summer they wander northwards, taking their reindeer with them. In winter they return southwards.

But this remote region of north-west Siberia is now being affected by global warming. Traditionally the Nenets travel across the frozen River Ob in November A ___ around Nadym. These days, though, this annual winter migration is delayed. Last year the Nenets, together with many thousands of reindeer, had to wait until late December В ____ .

“Our reindeer were hungry. There wasn’t enough food,” Jakov Japtik, a Nenets reindeer herder, said. “The snow is melting sooner, quicker and faster than before. In spring it’s difficult for the reindeer to pull the sledges. They get tired,” Japtik said.

Herders say that the peninsula’s weather is increasingly unpredictable — with unseasonal snowstorms С ___, and milder longer autumns. In winter, temperatures used to go down to -50°C. Now they are normally around -30°C, according to Japtik. “Obviously we prefer -30°C. But the changes aren’t good for the reindeer D ___,” he said, setting off on his sledge to round up his reindeer herd.

Even here, in one of the most remote parts of the planet, E __ . Last year the Nenets arrived at a regular summer camping spot and discovered that half of their lake had disappeared. The water had drained away after a landslide. The Nenets report other curious changes — there are fewer mosquitoes and a strange increase in flies. Scientists say there is unmistakable evidence F ___ .

when the ice was finally thick enough to cross
that the impact on Russia would be disastrous
the environment is under pressure
and in the end what is good for the reindeer is good for us
and set up their camps in the southern forests
that Yamal’s ancient permafrost is melting
when the reindeer give birth in May

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	1	7	4	3	6

Task 14

Duration of life and its social implications

The world’s population is about to reach a landmark of huge social and economic importance, when the proportion of the global population over 65 outnumbers children under 5 for the first time. A new report by the US census bureau shows A____ , with enormous consequences for both rich and poor nations.

The rate of growth will shoot up in the next couple of years. The В ___ a combination of the high birth rates after the Second World War and more recent improvements in health that are bringing down death rates at older ages. Separate UN forecasts predict that the global population will be more than nine billion by 2050.

The US census bureau was the first to sound the С ___ . Its latest forecasts warn governments and international bodies that this change in population structure will bring widespread challenges at every level of human organization, starting with the structure of the family, which will be transformed as people live longer. This will in turn place new burdens on careers and social services providers, D ___ for health services and pensions systems.

“People are living longer and, in some parts of the world, healthier lives,” the authors conclude. “This represents one of the greatest achievements of the last century but also a significant challenge E ___ population.”

Ageing will put pressure on societies at all levels. One way of measuring that is to look at the older dependency ratio, F ___ that must be supported by them. The ODR is the number of people aged 65 and over for every 100 people aged 20 to 64. It varies widely, from just six in Kenya to 33 in Italy and Japan. The UK has an ODR of 26, and the US has 21.

which recently replaced Italy as the world’s oldest major country
alarm about these changes
a huge shift towards an ageing population
change is due to
while patterns of work and retirement will have huge implications
which shows the balance between working-age people and the older
as proportions of older people increase in most countries

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	4	2	5	7	6

Task 15

Elephants sense ‘danger’ clothes

St Andrews University researchers discovered that elephants could recognise the degree of danger posed by various groups of individuals. The study found that African elephants always reacted with fear A ______ previously worn by men of the Maasai tribe. They are known to demonstrate their courage by В ______ .

The elephants also responded aggressively to red clothing, which defines traditional Maasai dress.

However, the elephants showed a much milder reaction to clothing previously worn by the Kamba people, С ______ and pose little threat.

The researchers first presented elephants with clean, red clothing and with red clothing that had been worn for five days by D ______ .

They revealed that Maasai-smelt clothing motivated elephants to travel significantly faster in the first minute after they moved away.

They then investigated whether elephants could also use the colour of clothing as a cue to classify a potential threat and found the elephants reacted with aggression E ______ . This suggested that they associated the colour red with the Maasai.

The researchers believe the distinction in the elephants’ emotional reaction to smell and colour might be explained by F ______ . They might be able to distinguish among different human groups according to the level of risk they posed.

«We regard this experiment as just a start to investigating precisely how elephants ‘see the world’, and it may be that their abilities will turn out to equal or exceed those of our closer relatives, the monkeys and apes,» researchers added.

either a Maasai or a Kamba man
who do not hunt elephants
when they detected the smell of clothes
who carried out the research
the amount of risk they sense
spearing elephants
when they spotted red but not white cloth

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	2	1	7	5

Task 16

Culture and customs

In less than twenty years, the mobile telephone has gone from being rare, expensive equipment of the business elite to a pervasive, low-cost personal item. In many countries, mobile telephones A ___ ; in the U.S., 50 per cent of children have mobile telephones. In many young adults’ households it has supplanted the land-line telephone. The mobile phone is В ___ , such as North Korea.

Paul Levinson in his 2004 book Cellphone argues that by looking back through history we can find many precursors to the idea of people simultaneously walking and talking on a mobile phone. Mobile phones are the next extension in portable media, that now can be С ___ into one device. Levinson highlights that as the only mammal to use only two out of our four limbs to walk, we are left two hands free D ___ — like talking on a mobile phone.

Levinson writes that “Intelligence and inventiveness, applied to our need to communicate regardless of where we may be, led logically and eventually to telephones that we E ___ .”

Given the high levels of societal mobile telephone service penetration, it is a key means for people F ___ . The SMS feature spawned the «texting» sub-culture. In December 1993, the first person-to-person SMS text message was transmitted in Finland. Currently, texting is the most widely-used data service; 1.8 billion users generated $80 billion of revenue in 2006.

to perform other actions
outnumber traditional telephones
to communicate with each other
combined with the Internet
to serve basic needs
banned in some countries
carry in our pockets

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	4	1	7	5

Task 17

My Stage

My family moved to Rockaway, New Jersey in the summer of 1978. It was there that my dreams of stardom began.

I was nine years old. Heather Lambrix lived next door, and she and I became best friends. I thought she was so lucky A ___ . She took tap and jazz and got to wear cool costumes with bright sequences and makeup and perform on stage. I went to all of her recitals and В ___ .

My living room and sometimes the garage were my stage. I belonged to a cast of four, which consisted of Heather, my two younger sisters, Lisa and Faith, and I. Since I was the oldest and the bossiest, I was the director. Heather came with her own costumes С ___ . We choreographed most of our dance numbers as we went along. Poor Faith … we would throw her around D ___ . She was only about four or five … and so agile. We danced around in our bathing suits to audiocassettes and records from all the Broadway musicals. We’d put a small piece of plywood on the living room carpet, E ___ . And I would imitate her in my sneakers on the linoleum in the hall. I was a dancer in the making.

My dad eventually converted a part of our basement into a small theater. He hung two “spotlights” and a sheet for a curtain. We performed dance numbers to tunes like “One” and “The Music and the Mirror” from A Chorus Line. I sang all the songs from Annie. I loved to sing, F ___. I just loved to sing. So I belted out songs like “Tomorrow”, “Maybe” and “What I Did For Love.” I knew then, this is what I wanted to do with my life.

like she was a rag doll
whether I was good at it or not
wished I, too, could be on stage
and I designed the rest
and I was star struck
so Heather could do her tap routine
because she got to go to dance lessons

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	3	4	1	6	2

Task 18

Cat’s punctuality

Sergeant Podge, a Norwegian Forest Cat, disappears from his owner’s home in a small town in Kent, every night. But what baffles his owner, Liz Bullard, mostly is the fact that the next morning, the 12-year-old cat always pops up in exactly the same place, A ___ . And every morning Ms. Bullard takes her son to school before collecting Sergeant Podge.

She said that the routine had set in earlier this year, when Sergeant Podge disappeared one day. Ms. Bullard spent hours telephoning her neighbours В ___ .

An elderly woman living about one and a half miles away called back to inform Ms. Bullard that she had found a cat matching Sergeant Podge’s description. Ms. Bullard picked him up but within days he vanished from sight again. She rang the elderly woman С ___ .

She said a routine has now become established, where each morning she takes her son to school before driving to collect Sergeant Podge D ___ .

It is thought Sergeant Podge walks across a golf course every night to reach his destination.

Ms. Bullard said: “If it’s raining he may be in the bush but he comes running if I clap my hands.” All she has to do is open the car passenger door from the inside for Sergeant Podge to jump in.

Ms. Bullard also makes the trip at weekends and during school holidays — E ___ .

She does not know why, after 12 years, Sergeant Podge has begun the routine but explained that another woman who lived nearby used to feed him sardines, and that he may be F ___ .

His owner doesn’t mind his wandering off at night as long as she knows where to collect him.

on the look-out for more treats
from the pavement between 0800 and 0815 GMT
to discover Sergeant Podge was back outside her home
on a pavement about one and a half miles (2.4km) away
to identify if anyone had bumped into him
when her son is having a lie-in
collected by car every morning

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	5	3	2	6	1

Task 19

Do you speak English?

When I arrived in England I thought I knew English. After I’d been here an hour I realized that I did not understand one word. In the first week I picked up a tolerable working knowledge of the language and the next seven years convinced me gradually but thoroughly that I A ______ , let alone perfectly. This is sad. My only consolation being that nobody speaks English perfectly.

Remember that those five hundred words an average Englishman uses are B ______ . You may learn another five hundred and another five thousand and yet another fifty thousand and still you may come across a further fifty thousand C ______ .

If you live here long enough you will find out to your greatest amazement that the adjective nice is not the only adjective the language possesses, in spite of the fact that D ______ . You can say that the weather is nice, a restaurant is nice, Mr. Soandso is nice, Mrs. Soandso’s clothes are nice, you had a nice time, E ______ .

Then you have to decide on your accent. The easiest way to give the impression of having a good accent or no foreign accent at all is to hold an unlit pipe in your mouth, to mutter between your teeth and finish all your sentences with the question: “isn’t it?” People will not understand much, but they are accustomed to that and they will get a F ______ .

whatever it costs
most excellent impression
you have never heard of before, and nobody else either
in the first three years you do not need to learn or use any other adjectives
would never know it really well
far from being the whole vocabulary of the language
and all this

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	6	3	4	7	2

Task 20

Before the Hubble Space Telescope was launched, scientists thought they knew the universe. They were wrong.

The Hubble Space Telescope has changed many scientists’ view of the universe. The telescope is named after American astronomer Edwin Hubble, A ______ .

He established that many galaxies exist and developed the first system for their classifications.

In many ways, Hubble is like any other telescope. It simply gathers light. It is roughly the size of a large school bus. What makes Hubble special is not what it is, B ______ .

Hubble was launched in 1990 from the “Discovery” space shuttle and it is about 350 miles above our planet, C ______ .

It is far from the glare of city lights, it doesn’t have to look through the air, D ______ .

And what a view it is! Hubble is so powerful it could spot a fly on the moon. Yet in an average orbit, it uses the same amount of energy as 28100-watt light bulbs. Hubble pictures require no film. The telescope takes digital images E ______ .

Hubble has snapped photos of storms on Saturn and exploding stars. Hubble doesn’t just focus on our solar system. It also peers into our galaxy and beyond. Many Hubble photos show the stars that make up the Milky Way galaxy. A galaxy is a city of stars.

Hubble cannot take pictures of the sun or other very bright objects, because doing so could “fry” the telescope’s instruments, but it can detect infrared and ultra violet light F ______ .

Some of the sights of our solar system that Hubble has glimpsed may even change the number of planets in it.

which is above Earth’s atmosphere.
which are transmitted to scientists on Earth.
which is invisible to the human eye.
who calculated the speed at which galaxies move.
so it has a clear view of space.
because many stars are in clouds of gas.
but where it is.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	7	1	5	2	3

Task 21

The science of sound, or acoustics, as it is often called, has been made over radically within a comparatively short space of time. Not so long ago the lectures on sound in colleges and high schools dealt chiefly with the vibrations of such things as the air columns in organ pipes. Nowadays, however, thanks chiefly to a number of electronic instruments engineers can study sounds as effectively A ____ . The result has been a new approach to research in sound. Scientists have been able to make far-reaching discoveries in many fields of acoustics B _____ .

Foremost among the instruments that have revolutionized the study of acoustics are electronic sound-level meters also known as sound meters and sound-intensity meters. These are effective devices that first convert sound waves into weak electric signals, then amplify the signals through electronic means C ______ . The intensity of a sound is measured in units called decibels. “Zero” sound is the faintest sound D ______ . The decibel measures the ratio of the intensity of a given sound to the standard “zero” sound. The decibel scale ranges from 0 to 130. An intensity of 130 decibels is perceived not only as a sound, but also E ______ . The normal range of painlessly audible sounds for the average human ear is about 120 decibels. For forms of life other than ourselves, the range can be quite different.

The ordinary sound meter measures the intensity of a given sound, rather than its actual loudness. Under most conditions, however, it is a quite good indicator of loudness. Probably the loudest known noise ever heard by human ears was that of the explosive eruption in August, 1883, of the volcano of Krakatoa in the East Indies. No electronic sound meters, of course, were in existence then, but physicists estimate that the sound at its source must have had an intensity of 190 decibels, F ______ .

and finally measure them.
since it was heard 3,000 miles away.
and they have been able to put many of these discoveries to practical use.
that loud sound is of high intensity.
as they study mechanical forces.
as a painful sensation in the ear.
that the unaided human ear can detect.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	3	1	7	6	2

Task 22

Chocolate

Chocolate is made from a number of raw and processed foods produced from the seeds of tropical cacao trees. Cacao has been cultivated in A ______ at least 3000 years. For most of this time it was made into a drink called, in translation — “bitter water”. This is because В ______ to be fermented to develop a palatable flavour. After fermentation the beans are dried and roasted and the shell is removed to produce cacao nibs. These are then ground and liquefied into chocolate liquor. The liquor is then processed into cocoa solids or cocoa butter. Pure chocolate contains primarily cocoa solids and butter in different proportions. Much of С ______ with added sugar. Milk chocolate is sweetened chocolate that additionally contains either milk powder or condensed milk. White chocolate on the other D ______ is therefore not a true chocolate. Chocolate contains theobromine and phenethylamine which have physiological effects on the body. It is similar to serotonin levels in the brain. Scientists claim E ______ , can lower blood pressure. Recently, dark chocolate has also been promoted for its health benefits. But pet owners should remember that the presence of theobromine makes it toxic to cats and dogs. Chocolate is now one F______ , although 16 of the top 20 chocolate consuming countries are in Europe. Also interesting is that 66% of world chocolate is consumed between meals.

the chocolate consumed today is made
that chocolate, eaten in moderation
central and southern America for
of the world’s most popular flavours
hand contains no cocoa solids and
cacao seeds are intensely bitter and have
many countries worldwide at

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	1	5	2	4

Task 23

Reality TV

Reality TV seems to dominate broadcasting these days. But what is it, how did it emerge and why on earth is it so popular? The first question is easily answered. Reality TV A ______ presents unscripted, dramatic or humorous situations or events. It can involve celebrities В ______ of the public. Reality TV has been gradually growing in importance for over 60 years. “Candid Camera” — the show that filmed ordinary people reacting to set ups and pranks — started in 1948. Some people, however, believe it was the Japanese with their awful shows in the 1980s and 90s that brought reality TV to centre stage. Others believe С ______ that is called “Big Brother” was the show that spawned the reality TV age. But why are the shows so popular? Different theories come to life. Some believe that it is D ______ we like to watch horrible behaviour: the same instinct that once inspired the ancient Romans to go and watch gladiators destroy each other at the Coliseum. Others suggest a kind of voyeurism is involved there — an unhealthy curiosity to spy on other people’s lives.

Whatever the real reason — the trend seems to have already peaked. A lot of such shows E ______ or are expected to go in the near future. And the replacement seems to be talents shows — watching competitions in dance, singing and general entertainment. Does it mean that people are changing? It is too early to say. Most agree that these F ______ .

due to basic human instinct that
is still early to judge
are simply the cycles of fashion
but more usually the stars are members
that the television phenomenon
is a type of programme that
seem to have disappeared

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	5	1	7	3

Task 24

Mikhail Lomonosov and Moscow State University

Mikhail Lomonosov was one of the intellectual titans of XVIII century. His interests ranged from history, rhetoric, art and poetry A ______ . Alexander Pushkin described him as В ______ , whose lifelong passion was learning.

Lomonosov’s activity is a manifestation of the enormous potential of the Russian scientific community. Peter I reformed Russia, which allowed the country to reach the standard of С ______ many spheres. Great importance was placed on education. St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, founded by Peter I, established a university and a grammar school to educate intellectuals and researchers the country needed; however, these educational establishments could not fulfill the task they took on. It was Michail Lomonosov D ______ of establishing a university in Moscow. An influential courtier and the E ______ Count Shuvalov supported Lomonosov’s plans for a new university and presented them to the Empress.

In 1755, on 25 January-St. Tatiana’s Day according to the Russian Orthodox Church calendar — Elizaveta signed the decree that a university should be founded in Moscow. The opening ceremony took place on 26 April, when Elizaveta’s coronation day was celebrated. Since 1755 25 January and 26 April F ______ Moscow University; the annual conference where students present the results of their research work is traditionally held in April.

who suggested in his letter to Count Shuvalov the idea
to mechanics, chemistry and mineralogy
a person of formidable willpower and keen scientific mind
favourite of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna, the patron of arts and science
the contemporary European powers in
are marked by special events and festivities at
famous among all educated people

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	3	5	1	4	6

Task 25

Window Shopping

The day would be spent with my best friends Kath and Kate. We are actually three Catherines (by birth spelt with a C), A______ we are all K’s: Kat (that’s me), Kath and Kate — the 3K Window Shopping gang!

Window shopping is simply wonderful. You can look at any outfit. You can try on В ______ not a single item on sale for which the price is a problem. You will try something on, ponder, pout, twirl, think hard, check yourself in the mirror one last time and finally reflect С ______ right for you! The highlight of this regular adventure however, is generally the 3K chocolate and ice cream break in the Shopping Centre’s top floor cafii Of course we do not believe that we are wasting anyone’s time. We do D ______ as well, but a reliable equation for us is — 3Ks + shopping mall = a good time.

But E ______ out to be especially memorable. One of the stores had a questionnaire lottery with the first prize being a voucher worth £200. We filled in the question forms while in the cafiiand returned to the store by their 2.00pm deadline. Kate won the first prize but we had decided in advance that if any of us won something, we would share equally: All for one К and one for all! At this point our morning of window shopping paid off. We completed F ______ slightly less than 10 minutes: three skirts, three hats and three belts and three very OK, K’s.

not like to spend our time
that it’s probably not quite
that particular day turned
our real shopping in
sometimes go shopping for real
anything you want and there is
but when we are together

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	6	2	5	3	4

Task 26

The Hotel

“Have you stayed with us before sir?” asked the receptionist. His accent sounded middle-European; Czech possibly or Polish. Actually I hadn’t stayed at this particular hotel before A ______ to many others from the same chain that I had stayed at. “No — first time” I replied with unnecessary brevity. The thing is I always feel В ______ rather than treated as an individual. Every word that I was about to hear, I had heard before — delivered no doubt from the depths of a tourism and hospitality course. “Welcome to Newcastle sir. Is this your first visit to our city? Can I trouble you to complete this form? Actually the first two lines and the signature at the bottom will do. Would you like С ______ , Sir? This will automatically unlock room facilities like mini-bar and telephone and any other extras you may require. Can I see your passport sir?” The questions and information D ______ responses were actually required and I handed over my passport, credit card and partly filled out form. I was tempted to write under name and address “Donald Duck, Duck Towers, Disney Street” — E ______ ever read the form again. But being a creature of habit I wrote my real name and address. While my card was being processed I looked across the reception area through the wall height windows to the beautiful River Tyne. A wave of nostalgia came over me. It was good to be back. I found myself thinking about her again and wondering F ______ a voice broke in: “It’s a plastic key card sir. You also need it to activate the lift and when you get to your room, plug it into the switch on the left as you open the door. It will automatically supply electricity to the room. Any help with your baggage? No? Then enjoy your stay”. The accomplished young Pole smiled as he delivered the final command and duly processed, I proceeded to the card activated lift.

me to take a print of your credit card
points poured out smoothly, no verbal
if I would even see her when
although it seemed virtually identical
so sure was I that nobody would
me to help you with your luggage
as if I am being processed like a product

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	7	1	2	5	3

Task 27

Lindsay Wildlife Museum

Lindsay Wildlife Museum is a unique natural history and environmental education centre where visitors can listen to the cry of a red-tailed hawk, go eye-to-eye with a grey fox and watch a bald eagle eat lunch. More than fifty species of native California animals are on exhibit here.

Thousands of school children learn about the natural environment in their classrooms A ____ of the museum. Nature- and science- oriented classes and trips are offered for adults and children. More than 600 volunteers help to feed and care for wild animals, В _____. Volunteers are active in the museum’s work, contributing С ____.

The museum was founded by a local businessman, Alexander Lindsay. Sandy, as friends knew him, started teaching neighborhood children about nature in the early 1950s. Initially housed in an elementary school, the museum began offering school-aged children summer classes, D ____.

After nearly a decade of the museum operation, it became apparent E ____. With a new 5,000 square-foot home, the museum could now develop and display a permanent collection of live, native wildlife and natural history objects. People came to the museum for help with wild animals F ___ urban growth. In response, a formal wildlife rehabilitation programme — the first of its kind in the United States of America — began in 1970.

that a permanent, year-round site was necessary
as well as field trips focused on the natural world
many hours of service to wildlife care and fundraising
that had been injured or orphaned because of intense
that needed public attention and a new building
as well as teach children and adults about nature
through education programmes and on-site tours

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	6	3	2	1	4

Task 28

America’s fun place on America’s main street

If any city were considered a part of every citizen in the United States, it would be Washington, DC. To many, the Old Post Office Pavilion serves A ____. If you are in the area, be a part of it all by visiting us — or В ____. Doing so will keep you aware of the latest musical events, great happenings and international dining, to say the least.

Originally built in 1899, the Old Post Office Pavilion embodied the modern spirit С ____. Today, our architecture and spirit of innovation continues to evolve and thrive. And, thanks to forward-thinking people, you can now stroll through the Old Post Office Pavilion and experience both D ____ with international food, eclectic shopping and musical events. All designed to entertain lunch, mid-day and after work audiences all week long.

A highlight of the Old Post Office Pavilion is its 315-foot Clock Tower. Offering a breath-taking view of the city, National Park Service Rangers give free Clock Tower tours every day! Individuals and large tour groups are all welcome. The Old Post Office Clock Tower also proudly houses the official United States Bells of Congress, a gift from England E ____. The Washington Ringing Society sounds the Bells of Congress every Thursday evening and on special occasions.

Visit the Old Post Office Pavilion, right on Pennsylvania Avenue between the White House and the Capitol. It is a great opportunity F ____, this is a landmark not to be missed no matter your age.

that are offered to the visitors
its glamorous past and fun-filled present
as a landmark reminder of wonderful experiences
by joining our e-community
that was sweeping the country
celebrating the end of the Revolutionary War
to learn more about American history

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	4	5	2	6	7

Task 29

Number of teenagers with Saturday job drops

The number of teenagers with Saturday jobs has dropped. Young people do not acquire any experience for their CVs — a crucial step towards getting full-time work. The proportion of teenagers combining part-time jobs with school or college has slumped from 40% in the 1990s to around 20% now, according to the UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES), a government agency. Latest figures show that only A ____ in 1997.

The trend is not just recession-related, but the result of an increasing expectation В ____ well as a falling number of Saturday jobs, according to the report. Many of the jobs that young people do, such as bar work, are in long-term decline, and are forecast to decline further over the next decade.

«Recruiters place significant emphasis on experience С ____,» the report says. Word of mouth is the most common way to get a job, D _____ young people are unable to build up informal contacts, it adds.

Ms. Todd, a commissioner at the UKCES, said: «There’s more emphasis on doing well at school, young people are finding less time to do what they would have done a few years ago.» «I think it’s also the changing structure of the labour market. Retail is still a big employer, E ____. As a consequence, we need to think about how we get young people the work experience they need.»

A new initiative to send employees into state schools to talk about their careers was also launched recently. The scheme, Inspiring the Future, is meant to give state schoolchildren access to the kind of careers advice that private schools offer. The deputy prime minister said: «The power of making connections F ____ and can be life-changing.»

that it was researching the system of funding education after 16
260,000 teenagers have a Saturday job compared with 435,000
but young people are leaving education increasingly less experienced
that inspire young people is immeasurable
but an increasing shortage of work experience means
that young people should stay on at school, as
but a lot more of it is being done online

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	3	5	7	4

Task 30

Lots of fun in Cardiff

As you would expect of a capital city, Cardiff offers a huge choice of exciting sport and entertainment throughout the year.

Every March the city celebrates St. David, Wales’ patron saint, with parades and music. August sees the International Festival of Street Entertainment, with the heart of the city A ____. Family fun days in the parks and at the waterfront are part of this sensational summer scene. Brass and military bands are often to be seen on Cardiff s streets. Between May and October the world’s only seagoing paddle steamer cruises from Cardiff’s seaside resort.

In autumn the fun continues with Cardiff s Festival of the Arts В _____. Music is at the centre of the festival, with international stars С ____. Christmas in Cardiff is full of colour and festivities. The truly spectacular Christmas illuminations have earned Cardiff the title of «Christmas City». And there is entertainment for all the family, D ____.

There is always something happening in Cardiff. The BBC National Orchestra of Wales and Welsh National Opera can both be heard here. Cardiff previews many London «West End» shows E _____.

The city’s range of accommodation facilities is truly impressive, F ____. And with a city as compact as Cardiff there are places to stay in all price brackets.

from international names to family-run guest houses
joining some of Wales’ most talented musicians
having their summer holidays in Cardiff
that usually attract hundreds of theatre lovers
which features music, film, literature and graphics
from pantomimes to Christmas tree celebrations
beating with dance and theatrical performances

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	5	2	6	4	1

Task 31

Changing image

For more than 200 years Madame Tussaud’s has been attracting tourists from all over the world and it remains just as popular as it ever was. There are many reasons for this enduring success, but at the heart of it all is good, old-fashioned curiosity.

Madame Tussaud’s original concept has entered a brand new era of interactive entertainment A _____. Today’s visitors are sent on a breathtaking journey in black cabs through hundreds of years of the past. They have a unique chance to see the great legends of history, В _____ of politics.

Much of the figure construction technique follows the traditional pattern, beginning whenever possible with the subject С _____ and personal characteristics. The surprising likeliness of the wax portraits also owes much to many stars D _____, either by providing their stage clothes, or simply giving useful advice.

The museum continues constantly to add figures E ____ popularity. The attraction also continues to expand globally with established international branches in New York, Hong Kong, Amsterdam and many other cities. And they all have the same rich mix of interaction, authenticity and local appeal.

The museum provides a stimulating and educational environment for schoolchildren. Its specialists are working together with practicing teachers and educational advisors to create different programmes of activities, F ____.

as well as resources on art, technology and drama
as well as the idols of popular music and the icons
who is sitting to determine exact measurements
ranging from special effects to fully animated figures
ranging from all kinds of souvenirs to sports equipment
that reflect contemporary public opinion and celebrity
who are eager to help in any possible way they can

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	2	3	7	6	1

Task 32

Saturday jobs: memories of weekend working

Research has shown a sharp fall in the number of teenagers who do Saturday jobs. It seems such a shame — my Saturday job as a kitchen porter was something of a rite of passage. I’ll never forget long hours A _____, scouring grease off huge saucepans and griddles. Working atmosphere there helped me grow a thicker skin, develop quicker banter and, most importantly, taught me the value of hard work. It also resulted in a steady supply of cash, В ____. I’m not the only one who has strong memories of weekend work. DJ Trevor Nelson said everyone should be able to have a Saturday job: «It taught me a lot, С ____.»

The link between the type of Saturday job a celebrity performed and their later career is sometimes obvious. Dragon’s Den star and businessman Peter Jones, for example, showed early promise by starting his own business. «I passed my Lawn Tennis Association coaching exam, D ____,» he explains. «At the start I was coaching other kids, E ____, for which I could charge £25-30 an hour. While my friends on milk rounds were getting £35 a week, I was doing five hours on a Saturday and earning four times as much.»

Skier Chemmy Alcott got a job working for the Good Ski Guide, on the advertising side. «It became clear to me what my personal value to companies could be. It led directly to me finding my head sponsor … and it offered me an eight-year contract. That gave me the financial backing F ____.»

As part of its response to the Saturday job statistics, the UK Commission for Employment and Skills said a lack of early work opportunities makes it harder for young people to acquire experience for their СVs.

and things would be different if everyone was given the chance
which let me know he approved of me
and I persuaded my local club to let me use a court on Saturdays
which I needed to become a professional skier
which I would happily spend as I liked
that I spent in the kitchen of a busy country pub in East Sussex
but soon I got adults wanting to book lessons

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	5	1	3	7	4

Task 33

Orient Express

In the early 1860s, trains were the preferred way to travel. They weren’t particularly comfortable, however, until American engineer George Mortimer Pullman decided to make trains more luxurious.

By the late 1860s, trains furnished not only sleeping cars, but kitchen and dining facilities, where A _____. This was innovative for the time, and was aimed to encourage people В _____. The first of these Pullman trains in England ran from London to Brighton and used electricity for illumination.

In 1881, another railway entrepreneur, George Nagelmacker, introduced the use of a restaurant car onboard, and the first Orient Express train service was begun. Running from Paris to Romania the route included Strasbourg, Vienna, Budapest and Bucharest.

Thanks to the 12 mile Simplon Tunnel, С _____, the Orient Express expanded, including a route to Istanbul, and the legendary romance of the Orient Express was in full swing.

Everyone in the social register, including royalty, chose to travel on the wheels of that luxury hotel D _____ in wealthy surroundings. Legends, stories, and intrigue surrounded those trips to exotic places, and those famous people E _____.

Unfortunately, during World War II this luxury travel was closed for the most part, and later, after the war, F ____ to start it again. Within the next few years airplane travel became popular, and train passenger service declined.

elegant meals were served to passengers
to use trains for long distance travel and vacations
who rode the train
who wrote about it
which connected Switzerland and Italy
that served dishes and wines
there was no money

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	2	5	6	3	7

Task 34

Arizona’s world class cruise

Spectacular Canyon Lake is situated in the heart of the Superstition Mountains in Arizona, giving home to the Dolly Steamboat. The Dolly Steamboat, A ____, now cruises the secluded inner waterways of this beautiful lake. It is worth exploring this favourite destination of President Theodore Roosevelt who declared, «The Apache Trail and surrounding area combines the grandeur of the Alps, the glory of the Rockies, the magnificence of the Grand Canyon and then adds something В ____.» You will marvel as you travel up to the national forest, which provides the most inspiring and beautiful panorama С ____. Every trip brings new discoveries of rock formations, geological history, and the flora and fauna distinct to the deserts of Arizona.

Once aboard the Dolly Steamboat, you may view the majestic desert big horn sheep, bald eagles and a host bird of other wildlife, water fowl, D ____. Experience the unique sound harmony that is created by the waters of Canyon Lake. Stretch out and relax at one of the tables or stand next to the railings on the deck. There is plenty of leg room on the Dolly. You will get a unique chance to listen to the captain E ____.

All the passengers are treated with outstanding service and personal attention to every need. Feel free to ask questions, move about and mingle with the crew. So enjoy an unforgettable vacation cruise and see F ____ ,like a ride on Arizona’s Dolly Steamboat.

that nature has ever created in the wild
that none of the others have
hovering over the magnificent lake
who retells the legends of the mysterious past
for yourself why there is nothing quite
who pays much attention to children’s safety
continuing a tradition of cruising since 1925

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	2	1	3	4	5

Task 35

US Congress

The Congress of the United States of America is an important part of the US federal government.

It is an assembly of elected representatives A ____ but not to select the chief executive of the nation; that individual is elected by the people.

Congress is not a single organization; it is a vast and complex collection of organizations B ____ and through which members of Congress form alliances.

C ____, in which political parties are the only important kind of organization, parties are only one of many important units in Congress.

In fact other organizations have grown in number D ____.

The Democrats and Republicans in the House and the Senate are organized by party leaders, E ____ within the House and Senate. The party structure is essentially the same in the House as in the Senate, though the titles of various posts are different.

But leadership carries more power in the House than in the Senate because of the House rules. F _____, the House must restrict debate and schedule its business with great care; thus leaders who do the scheduling and who determine how the rules shall be applied usually have substantial influence.

as party influence has declined
against the spirit of the Constitution
being so large (435 members)
empowered to make laws
unlike the British Parliament
by which the business of Congress is carried on
who in turn are elected by the full party membership

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	6	5	1	7	3

Task 36

The Trailblazers

In the early 1800s, the area that would become the western United States was completely undeveloped.

Explorers, hunters, traders, and settlers had to blaze their own trails. A____ to move possessions and supplies became common place.

Manifest Destiny was the belief that Americans had a God-given right to take over the continent. As they moved west, settlers used this policy B_____ to new people and territories.

Trails increased trade opportunities between western and eastern regions, and the U.S. economy prospered C_____ on each other for goods.

To achieve Manifest Destiny, the United States purchased land from other countries or conquered territory D_____ until its borders stretched from coast to coast.

More than one-half million people chose to travel West on trails between 1800 and 1870, E_____.

As new technology spread across the West, however, the use of trails came to an end. The railroads built thousands of miles of tracks, and, F ____, a cheap, relatively safe, and quick way to transport people and supplies to western areas existed.

to spread U.S. ideas and government
for the first time in history
thus replacing them forever
as territories became interdependent
the use of covered wagons
by taking land from Native peoples
forming the largest mass migration in history

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	1	4	6	7	2

Task 37

A Young Mayor

This is a very unusual case, but as you will see, unusual doesn’t mean impossible.

An 18-year-old school girl has become the youngest mayor of a British town in history. Amanda Bracebridge, A_____, won leadership of Clun village council in a dramatic election last night. The tiny village only has 122 voters and Amanda won the election by just two votes from the only other candidate, 69-year-old Fred Gardner of the Conservative party. Amanda, B _____, was an independent candidate. She was surprised by her success, C _____. “My election promise was to make sure D _____,” she told us. She was referring to the plans from a large company to buy up farmland and build flats there. “We live in one of the most beautiful villages in Shropshire and I want to make sure it stays that way.”

Amanda, who is in her last year at nearby Bishop’s Castle High School, E _____ and her exams which she takes in two months. “It’s going to be a pretty busy few months,” she said. “But when the exams are over I will be able to concentrate completely on helping my village”.

Amanda had plans to go to university but is now going to start a year later F _____. “I’ve talked to Leeds University and they say my place will wait for me”. And what is she going to study? Politics? “No, actually, I am going to do sociology and economics”.

who is not a member of any political party
that our village would be protected from outside interests
but it was not a total shock to her
being a politics student at the university
so she can do her job as mayor properly
who is only just old enough to vote herself
will have to find time for her work as mayor

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	1	3	2	7	5

Task 38

Is there enough to say?

They only appeared about ten years ago but already they are everywhere, everyone’s got one. They are the wonder of the modern age — mobile phones, or cell phones, A ____. Apparently, mobile phones are now used by about 2.5 billion people worldwide, and about one billion new mobile phones are sold every year worldwide. Go back to 1997, and only 100 million were sold. As we can see, the mobile phone business B_____.

And the developments keep on coming. Once we could only make phone calls; now mobile phones C_____ and do many other useful things. Once we had to hold our mobile phones in our hand; now we can use throat microphones. What next? We are told that soon, tiny microphones will be implanted into our lips. We’ll be able to dial numbers just by saying them.

But surely we need to ask ourselves: What’s good about this? OK, we can talk to other people almost all the time now — but is that so great? Watch and listen to people when a plane has landed. Anxious D _____, dial a number, and then: “It’s me, I’m here. I’ll be there in twenty minutes.” Is this communication? Is this what all these years of technology have brought us to?

In the early days of communication there were letters. When they arrived at your house, you knew they had been delivered by a man E _____.

In those days, people would think very hard before they wrote a letter. You had to have a good reason to write — communication was serious. Now it’s not — people phone each other F ____. Once the phone was a way for people far away from each other to talk — now it’s just an excuse to talk.

has been developed very quickly
not understand why they are doing it for
as Americans call them
riding halfway across the country on a horse
just because they can
can also be used to take and send photos
fingers immediately switch on the mobile phone

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	1	6	7	4	5

Task 39

Promoting language learning

The European Union (EU) is committed to supporting the rights of its citizens to personal and professional mobility, and their ability to communicate with each other. It does so by A_____ to promote the teaching and learning of European languages. These programmes have at least one thing in common: they cover cross-border projects involving partners from two, and often three or more, EU countries.

The EU programmes are designed to complement the national education policies of member countries. Each government is responsible for its own national education policy, B_____. What the EU programmes do is to create links between countries and regions via joint projects, C____.

Since 2007 the main programmes have been put under the overall umbrella of the EU’s lifelong learning programme. All languages are eligible for support under this programme: official languages, regional, minority and migrant languages, D____. There are national information centres in each country, E_____.

The cultural programmes of the EU also promote linguistic and cultural diversity in a number of ways. The “Media” programme funds the dubbing and subtitling of European films for F ____. The “Culture” programme builds cross-cultural bridges by supporting the translation of modern authors into other EU languages.

and the languages of the EU’s major trading partners
which includes language teaching and learning
cinemas and television in other EU countries
which enhance the impact of language teaching and learning
funding a number of educational programmes
and encouraging people to learn new languages
where details about the application procedures are given

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	2	4	1	7	3

Task 40

Starting your own business

What are the reasons for starting your own business? One of them is because you believe you are the best in that line or because you have a product or service that has never been offered to the market before. Another is that you are a person in a real hurry and cannot suffer the A_____ to reach your goals. Sometimes it is because you have an inheritance B_____ soon after you set up a business or that there already is a cash purse with loose strings and you want to make the best of this bonanza.

If your reasons are any or all of the above, abandon the thought right now and save yourself the disillusionment C____ into the world of commerce.

Start your own business just for the sake of doing a trade, or for D____. Do not burden yourself with lofty notions of superiority when compared to your peers. When setting out to start your own business, be emotional about it, but not impractical; don’t be led by your heart, but be dictated by your mind.

Having covered those parts that are not taught in a business school, let us look at E____ your own business. You should start with a SWOT analysis – strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats – analyze these for yourself, for partners in your business, if any, and for the business itself.

If the result of the analysis is encouraging, then prepare a business plan. It is like a road map for actions in the near foreseeable future to achieve your business goals. Finally, execute the business plan with precision; tweak it as you go along, only so that it helps to meet the end goal of successfully F_____ the business.

the essentials of starting
that awaits when you step
trials and tribulations of employment
establishing and conducting
preparing a business plan
waiting to be acquired
undertaking the commercial activity

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	2	7	1	4

Task 41

Archaeology done underwater

Nautical archaeology is the science of finding, collecting, preserving, and studying human objects that have become lost or buried under water. It is a fairly modern field of study since it depends on having the technology to be able to remain underwater for some time to do real work. Whether it is conducted in freshwater or in the sea, A____, nautical archaeology is another way of learning more about the human past.

Although some use the words nautical archaeology to mean a specialized branch of underwater archaeology, B____, most consider the term to mean the same as the words underwater archaeology or marine

archaeology. All of these interchangeable terms mean simply C_____.

Once real trade began, it is safe to say D_____ was probably transported over water at some point in time. By studying submerged objects, we can learn more about past human cultures. In fact, studying ancient artifacts is the only way to learn anything about human societies E_____. Being able to examine the actual objects made and used by ancient people not only adds to the written records they left behind, but allows us to get much closer to the reality of what life was like when they lived. Also, if we pay close attention to how the objects were made and used, we begin to get a more realistic picture of F_____.

that existed long before the invention of writing
that nearly every object made by humans
what those people were really like
which is concerned only with ships and the history of seafaring
that it is the study of archaeology done underwater
and whether it finds sunken ships or old cities
and what was discovered underwater

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	5	2	1	3

Task 42

Visiting the Royal Parks

London has a well-deserved reputation as one of the greenest cities in Europe, with a huge number of open spaces across the center of the city. Tourists A_____ can always relax in a lovely, quiet London park.

The Royal Parks, such as St James’s, Green Park, the Regent’s Park, Hyde Park, Richmond, Greenwich, Bushy Park and Kensington Gardens, are beautifully maintained and popular with locals and visitors alike. Many are former hunting estates of English monarchs, preserved as open space B______. They are ideal places to relax and sunbathe in summer, enjoy gorgeous flower beds in spring C_____.

The Royal Parks provide fantastic green routes in London D______ and through some of the most attractive areas of the capital. Picnics in the parks are also a popular activity especially during the busy summer months.

Dogs are welcome in all the Royal Parks, although there are some places E_____. These are clearly indicated within each park and are usually ecologically sensitive sites, children’s play areas, restaurants, cafes and some sports areas. Ground nesting birds are particularly sensitive to disturbance by dogs and people. So it is necessary to observe the warning signs F____. In Bushy Park and Richmond Park dogs should be kept away from the deer.

The Royal Parks are for everyone to enjoy.

that are displayed during the nesting season
while the city has grown up around them
and admire the changing leaves as autumn arrives
where they are not allowed or should be kept on a lead
who are tired of the noise, crowds and excitement of sightseeing
who does not know the route to the place of destination
that take cyclists away from traffic

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	2	3	7	4	1

Task 43

The Survival of the Welsh Language

Wales is a small country of just over 3 million people, on the north west seaboard of Europe. Despite many historical incursions of other peoples, particularly the English, it has preserved its ancient Celtic language, A_____. Welsh is habitually spoken by about 10% of the people, half understood by a further 10%, and not spoken at all by the majority in this ‘bilingual’ society.

Up to the First World War most people were Welsh speaking, especially in the mountains of North Wales. The English-speaking areas were along the more fertile coastal plains. On the whole there was an easy tolerance of the two languages, B______.

By 1919 there was a considerable drop in Welsh speakers. This was due to the large flows of capital investment from England into the South Wales coalfield, C_____.

Now, D_____, commerce and everyday business were carried out in English.

In the rural mountain areas 80% to 85% of the population were Welsh speakers, E ____. However, in the coalfield country of Glamorgan 70% spoke English only, and in its neighbour border county the figure was over 90%.

By 1931 the number of people able to speak Welsh in the whole of Wales had fallen to 37% of the population, F ____. It continued to drop and reached its lowest – 18.6% — in the 1990s. But by the start of the 21st century, numbers had begun to increase again and reached 21.7% in 2004!

as well as education and the law
the only one of a number of allied languages that remain
with radio and the English press further speeding the decline
many being able to speak Welsh only
where Welsh was studied as language and literature in an academic manner
apart from the fact that Welsh was not permitted to be used at all in the schools
bringing a flood of immigrant labour from all over Britain

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	7	1	4	3

Task 44

Secrets of Long Life

There are places in the world where people live longer than anywhere else. The remote Japanese island of Okinawa is one of these places. While the lifespan in Britain is 77 years for men and 81 for women, Okinawa has a population of about one million, of which 900 are centenarians — A_____ in Britain or the USA. So what is their secret of long life?

«The calendar may say they’re 80, but their body says they’re 60,» says Bradley Willcox, a scientist researching the extraordinary phenomenon. The research has shown hormonal differences between Okinawans and B____ but their longevity has been linked to diet. They eat more tofu and soya than any other people in the world and also enjoy a range of different fruit and vegetables, all rich in anti-oxidants. But the most significant thing isn’t what they eat but how much. The Okinawans C_____ known as ‘hara hachi bu’, which translates as ‘eat until you are only 80 % full’.

Scientists refer to this way of eating as ‘caloric restrictions’. No-one knows exactly why it works, but scientists believe it D_____ that there is the danger of famine. This in turn E_____ and so may lead to better preservation and slower aging.

«It’s a stark contrast with the cultural habits that drive food consumption in F____ » says Mr. Willcox. If we look at high streets and supermarkets in most other countries, you will see that he is right. Restaurants offer all-you-can-eat menus and supersize portions. Supermarkets are full of special offers encouraging us to buy more food than we need.

make it a healthy diet
other parts of the world
four times higher than the average
have a cultural tradition
sends a signal to the body
the rest of the population
makes the body protect itself

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	4	5	7	2

Task 45

Beaches of Portugal

Covering more than 850 km, the Portuguese coast boasts such a large number of fine, white sandy beaches that it is almost impossible to keep count. All bathed by the Atlantic Ocean and all different, their beauty is hard to describe, so there is nothing better A _____.

The most famous are in the Algarve. With three thousand hours of sun per year and warm waters, there are beaches to suit every taste and many dreamlike resorts. The choices are many, from sandy stretches extending as far as the eye can see B ______, the trade image of the region. They are always accompanied by a calm clear sea, C_____.

In Costa da Caparica, the beaches are particularly dear to Lisbonites D _____ for sun and sea bathing. There are deserted beaches here too, of a wild beauty, E ____ nature. In the centre, tourists will find very wide sandy stretches, to which traditional fishing adds a picturesque touch. And further north, the colder waters and the invigorating sea are tempered by the welcoming atmosphere and the clean air of the mountains and the forests.

Despite all their differences, all beaches share one thing – quality. They are safe and offer a wide range of support and recreational services, F ____. And a large number of Portuguese beaches are granted the European blue flag every year, a distinction that is a sign of their excellent conditions.

where one can enjoy close contact with
which meet every need of their users
than to discover them once for oneself
who has never been to this wonderful city
which is ideal for various water sports
to the smaller coves, sheltered by huge cliffs
who have different options around the capital

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	5	7	1	2

Task 46

The Joy of Reading

Have you ever wondered why people read? Why reading is one of the few things A _____ for thousands of years? Even before reading became available to the general public, stories were told around campfires, passed down from generation to generation.

First of all, stories are a good way to escape from your ordinary life, to get immersed in another world, if only for a little time. While reading, you can imagine yourself in different situations B _____, but in the moment that doesn’t matter. Whether you’re suffering from depression or are just bored, reading is a great distraction.

Similarly, another reason people are attracted to stories, is because they are lonely, very often they feel as if they are the only ones in the world C _____. Identifying with a fictional character can make a big difference in helping a person understand D _____.

Other people read because it can be a good way to relax. It can be very nice to sit down and enjoy a good plot unfold, to watch the actions of fictional characters from the side, and to see the consequences of these actions, E ____.

Lastly, people read because it is the easiest way to gain knowledge in a certain area. Instead of finding a teacher, you can just find a book, sit down, and spend a few hours reading. This way you can study wherever you want, whenever you want F _____.

There are countless books in the world, and whoever you are, whatever you’re feeling, there is definitely a book out there, just waiting for you to discover it.

try to avoid the boredom of life
that has consistently remained part of society
that they are not alone
going through something difficult
without having to bear any responsibility
that range from unlikely to impossible
at your own pace

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	4	3	5	7

Task 47

Peter and Paul Fortress

The Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the history of the fortress.

Since 1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known A____.

The fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B____. The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C____, has remained since the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D____ emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross, E____, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress F____ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.

as the day of the birth of St. Petersburg
which was designed by D. Trezzini
which was the burial place of Russian
and reminding of the rich history of the city
as the most protected part of the city
which is located on the spire of the cathedral
that are located at the corners

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	7	2	3	6	5

Task 48

Surviving in a Desert

A desert is defined as a place that gets less than 250 mm of rain each year. It differs sharply from the climate of a rain forest, A _____.

Arid desert lands cover about one third of the earth’s surface. Most deserts are covered with sand, B _____. There are also usually a lot of rocky areas. This combination of sand and rock means that the soil is not very fertile. C ____, some living things are able to do well in this setting. Many plants have changed and developed in ways D____. These changes have become apparent in a number of ways. Some plants are able to grow very quickly E____. They turn green and produce flowers within just a few days. Other desert plants simply stop growing in very dry weather. They appear to be dead, but when the rain returns, they come back to life and begin growing again.

Desert animals have also developed many characteristics that help them to survive in arid environment. Camels can go for a very long time without drinking. Other animals, such as snakes and rats, find cool places to sleep during the day and come out only at night. The extremely long ears of desert rabbits help them F_____. Changes like these have allowed some animals and plants to grow and develop successfully in a very challenging ecological system: the desert.

There are countless books in the world, and whoever you are, whatever you’re feeling, there is definitely a book out there, just waiting for you to discover it.

which is often in the form of hills called sand dunes
whenever it rains
to find water as far as 25 metres away
which can receive up to 10,000 mm of rain annually
to better distribute their body heat and stay cool
even though the desert environment is very dry and hot
that help them to live in the desert

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	1	6	7	2	5

Task 49

Nevsky Prospect

Nevsky Prospect is the main and most famous street of St. Petersburg. The unique architectural ensemble of Nevsky Prospect was formed during the 18th – early 20th centuries. It starts from the bank of the Neva River, runs through the centre of the city and ends at the Neva River. The whole history of St. Petersburg can be seen in the history of the avenue. Nevsky Prospect is 4.5 km long and 25-60 m wide. The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River, A_____.

After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road B_____ each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants. The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road, C_____, but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky Prospect got its name only in 1783. The road was paved with cobble stones, D_____. It was the first street in St. Petersburg with gas lighting. By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial centre of Russia E____ had their offices there.

Nowadays, Nevsky Prospect is the centre of cultural and social life of St. Petersburg. There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants, cafés, shops F____.

and hotels there or nearby the avenue
showing the original width of the avenue
which was not as straight as it was planned
which were built by famous architects and
connecting these two important structures with
and a few rows of trees were planted along the street
as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	5	3	6	7	1

Task 50

Whales in a Noisy Ocean

Whales use sound in very different ways. Some whales produce songs that travel over vast distances. They also use echolocation, like bats, A _____. But other noise in the ocean creates a problem for the whales.

Since 1987, the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) has sent their research vessel Song of the Whale around the world B _____. During the travels, the Song of the Whale scientists have developed expertise C ____ to listen to and record the sounds that the animals make. Thishelps them to track, identify, and survey different species.

One of the threats facing whales and other marine animals is noise pollution in the seas, such as noise from drilling, military activities, oil exploration, and coastal construction. This noise can cause great distress to whales and dolphins and can D _____.

It is feared this noise pollution may cause mass strandings, E _____. If the Song of the Whale team can F ____, then hopefully the nature and location of disturbing noise can be changed.

in using underwater microphones
to locate food and find their way
result in injury and even death
track and identify their habitats
to filter out food from the water
to provide a platform for marine research
when large numbers come ashore

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	1	3	7	4

Task 51

Unique nature of Kamchatka

Kamchatka is a peninsula located in the north-eastern part of Russia. It is surrounded with the Okhotskoye Sea, the Beringovo Sea and the Pacific Ocean. This region has a very unique environment A_____ one is looking for picturesque views, unforgettable travels and unity with nature.

Kamchatka is famous for its volcanoes, B_____. Volcanoes are represented on Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the most eastern city in the northern hemisphere, coat of arms as well. There are more than 300 volcanoes

in Kamchatka, from 28 up to 36 of them are active, or potentially active. Kamchatka volcanoes are included in the list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

The region is also known C____ — rivers and lakes. Many Kamchatka rivers spring from mountain tops and glaciers, that is why they are very clean, and it is wonderful for those D_____. In general, there are up to 14 thousand rivers and streams, 100 thousand lakes and 414 glaciers in Kamchatka.

Kamchatka is a home to the Valley of Geysers, E_____ geysers in the world, after Icelandic geyser fields. It is not easily accessible, as long as it is too unique to be opened for tourists all the time. The Valley of Geysers’ ecosystem is very vulnerable, F_____ and regulate the visiting. In fact, the larger part of Kamchatka is preserved. There are many nature reserves and nature parks in Kamchatka.

which are depicted on most souvenirs there
so it is necessary to monitor it all the time
who love fishing, including Kamchatka bears
which has the second largest concentration of
to be a place of many water sources
to be a popular nature reserve and health resort
that makes it a place to visit when

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	1	5	3	4	2

Task 52

The life of Pi

«The Life of Pi» published in 2001 is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel. It has A_____, won several prizes and been translated into forty-one languages.

At the start of the book, we B____ in India. His father owns the city zoo and the family home is in the zoo. When they aren’t at school, Pi and his brother help their father at the zoo and he learns a lot about animals.

When Pi is sixteen, his parents decide to close the zoo and move to Canada. They travel by ship taking the animals with them. On the way, there is C_____. Sadly, Pi’s family and the sailors all die in the storm, but Pi lives and finds himself in a lifeboat with a hyena, zebra, orangutan and an enormous tiger. At first, Pi is scared of the animals and jumps into the ocean. Then he remembers there are sharks in the water and decides to climb back into the lifeboat. One by one, the animals in the lifeboat kill and eat each other, till only Pi and the tiger are left alive. Luckily for Pi, there is D_____, but he soon needs to start catching fish. He feeds the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and E_____ and show it that he’s the boss.

Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and the burning heat of the Pacific sun. They are often hungry and ill. Finally, they arrive at the coast of Mexico, but you will have to F_____ in the end!

read the book to find out what happens
some food and water on the lifeboat
his knowledge of animals to control the tiger
received an award for being strong
sold seven million copies worldwide
learn about Pi’s childhood in Pondicherry
a terrible storm and the ship sinks

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	6	7	2	3	1

Task 53

Santa Claus

The man we know as Santa Claus has a history all to his own. Today, he is thought of mainly as the jolly man in red, but his story A_____ the 3rd century to a monk named St. Nicholas. It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around 280 AD in modern-day Turkey. Much admired for his kindness, St. Nicholas B_____. It is said that he gave away all of his inherited wealth and traveled the countryside helping the poor and sick. Over the course of many years, Nicholas’s popularity spread and he became known as the protector of children and sailors. His feast day C_____ his death, December 6. This was traditionally considered a lucky day to make large purchases or to get married. By the Renaissance, St. Nicholas was the most popular saint in Europe.

St. Nicholas first D______ at the end of the 18th century. The name Santa Claus evolved from a Dutch shortened form of Sint Nikolaas. As his popularity grew, Sinter Klaas was described as everything from a jocker with a blue three-cornered hat, red waistcoat, and yellow stockings to a man wearing a broad-brimmed hat and a huge pair of Flemish trousers.

In the 19th centuries big stores E_____ using images of the newly-popular Santa Claus. In 1841, thousands of children visited a Philadelphia shop to see a life-size Santa Claus model. It F_____ before stores began to attract children, and their parents, with the lure of a peek at the “real-life” Santa Claus with his famous white beard and red gown.

began to advertise Christmas shopping
became the subject of many legends
began dressing up unemployed men in
is celebrated on the anniversary of
was only a matter of time
stretches all the way back to
appeared in American popular culture

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	2	4	7	1	5

Task 54

Welcome to the Smithsonian

When you visit any of the Smithsonian’s 19 museums and galleries or the National zoo, you are entering the largest museum complex in the world. This complex holds about 137 million unique objects in its trust for the American people.

The Smithsonian was established in 1846 with funds given to the United States by James Smithson, an English scientist. The main idea was to increase and spread knowledge for free. And now all Smithsonian institutions are still devoted to public education, A__________ history.

Ten Smithsonian museums and galleries are located in the centre of the U.S. capital. Six other museums and the National zoo are nearby in the Washington metropolitan area, B__________.

The 19th and the newest museum C__________ is the National Museum of African American history and culture. It is now operating in the form of a virtual museum. Its key feature is the memory book, D__________. These diverse memories are linked to each other and to the museum content, E__________.

The Smithsonian complex is home to the world’s foremost research centres in science, the arts and the humanities. Besides the basic research F__________, there are a number of special facilities. Conservation centre at the zoo studies rare and endangered species, environment centre carries out research in ecosystems in the coastal area.

that is carried on regularly in each of the museums
providing different materials in the arts, science and
placing a spotlight on people and events in African American history
that has been established within the Smithsonian complex
which allows website visitors to upload their own stories or images
and visitors can enjoy watching rare exhibits on
and two museums are situated in New York City

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	7	4	5	3	1

Task 55

National Gallery of Art

The National Gallery of Art was created in Washington D.C. for the people of the United States in 1937. It started with the gift of the financier and art collector A__________. His gift also included a building to house the new museum, to be constructed on the National Mall. Opened to the public in 1941, this grand building, B__________, was at the time the largest marble structure in the world.

The newly created National Gallery soon attracted similar gifts from hundreds of other collectors. This tradition of generosity continues to this day with gifts from private donors and artists C__________.

The gallery’s East building contains the collection of modern and contemporary painting, sculpture, D__________. The East and West buildings are connected by an underground tunnel with a moving walkway.

The National Gallery enjoys federal support, E__________, to fulfill its mission to exhibit and interpret great works of European and American art in the nation’s collection. Since its founding, federal funds have fostered the protection and care of the art collection and have supported the gallery’s work, ensuring F__________. Private funding helped to create a renowned collection of works of art and to construct the two landmark buildings. Private support makes possible to arrange a changing programme of special exhibitions.

which is now called the West building
that the gallery brings daily profit to the country
who are willing to share their possessions with the public
who presented old master paintings and sculptures to the country
as well as partnership with private organizations
that the gallery is open daily and free of charge
as well as an advanced research centre and an art library

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	1	3	7	5	6

Task 56

Healthy school meals

Children at Southdown Infants School in Bath enjoy tasty homemade meals such as roast turkey with fresh vegetables, chicken, salad and fresh fruit for pudding. Vegetables are A ____________. Instead of crisps, chocolate and sweets, the school canteen serves organic carrots, dried fruit and fresh seasonal fruit in bags for 10p, B ______________.

Southdown’s healthy eating initiative began four years ago with the start of a breakfast club.

Now Ms Culley, the head teacher of the school, says that the teachers very clearly see the link between diet and concentration. “Children’s concentration and behaviour C ______________.” The teachers would also like to give the children the experience of eating together. It turned out that some children weren’t used to that.

Pupils are also encouraged to find out more about where their food comes from by D ______________.

Parents are also involved and are invited in to try school dinners on special occasions, E _______________.

The efforts of staff, pupils and parents to create a healthy eating environment were recognized earlier this month F ______________ the Best School Dinner award.

Ms Culley said: “We are happy to win this award. Healthy eating is at the centre of everything we do. It’s really rewarding to see so many children enjoy real food.”

such as Easter and Christmas
visiting a local farm
local, fresh and organic where possible
provide good quality food
definitely improve after a good meal
and about 100 bags are sold each day
when the school was awarded

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	5	2	1	7

Task 57

Walking is not enough to keep fit

Walking may not be enough on its own to produce significant health benefits, research suggests. A team from Canada’s University of Alberta compared a 10,000-step exercise programme with a more traditional fitness regime of moderate intensity. Researchers found improvements A _______ were significantly higher in the second group. They told an American College of Sports Medicine meeting that gentle exercise was B __________. In total 128 people took C _________. The researchers assessed influence on fitness by measuring blood pressure and lung capacity. They found out the 10,000-step programme did help to get people motivated – and was an excellent way to start D _________. But to increase the effectiveness, some intensity must be added to their exercise. “Across your day, while you are achieving those 10,000 steps, take 200 to 400 of them at a faster pace. You’ve got to do more than light exercise and include regular moderate activity, and don’t be shy to have an occasional period of time at an energetic level.” The researchers were concerned there was too much focus E __________, rather than on its intensity.

Professor Stuart Biddle, an expert in exercise science at the University of Loughborough, said it was possible that the current guidelines on how much exercise to take were set too low. “However, you have got to find F ____. The harder you make it, the fewer people will actually do it.” Professor Biddle said there was no doubt that energetic exercise was the way to get fit, but volume rather than intensity might be more useful in tackling issues such as obesity.

part in the project
taking exercise
gave marked health benefits
in fitness levels
on simply getting people to take exercise
not enough to get fit
a compromise between physiology and psychology

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	6	1	2	5	7

Task 58

Double-decker Bus

A double-decker bus is a bus that has two levels. While double-decker long-distance buses are in widespread use around the world, A ____. Double-decker buses are popular in some European cities and in some parts of Asia, usually in former British colonies. Many towns around the world have a few that specialize in short sight-seeing tours for tourists because, as William Gladstone observed, «the way to see London is from the top of a ‘bus'».

Double-decker buses are taller than other buses. They are extensively used in the United Kingdom, B _____, removed from normal service in December 2005 — they still operate on heritage routes. Elsewhere in Europe, double-deckers are used throughout the Dublin Bus network in Ireland, where they are making a comeback on Dublin’s outer suburban routes and also the streets of Cork, Limerick, Galway and Waterford. They are a common sight in Berlin, where the BVG makes extensive use of them. Double-decker long-distance coaches are also in widespread use throughout Europe.

Most buses in Hong Kong and about half in Singapore are double-deckers as well. The only areas in North America that C _____ are the western Canadian province of British Columbia and the United States city of Las Vegas. They are currently being tested in Ottawa on the express routes. The city of Davis, California, in the United States uses vintage double-decker buses for public transport. Davis, California is also home to the first vintage double-decker bus converted from diesel gasoline to run on CNG. The city of Victoria, BC, the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, and a couple of others use Dennis Tridents. A few are also used as tour buses, especially in New York. Double-deckers are have also been used in Mumbai since 1937.

In Brazil, D _____, some companies use double-decker buses. Double-deckers are not a good option for use outside the towns (most roads in Brazil are in very poor condition), and E _____.

Double-decker buses are in widespread use in India in many of the major cities. Some double-decker buses F _____, with no roof and shallow sides. These are popular for sightseeing tours.

double-deckers are adored by thousands of tourists
use double-decker buses for public transport
double-decker city buses are less common
where perhaps the most famous was the London Routemaster
their use is being discouraged by transportation authorities
have an open upper deck
where buses are sometimes the only interstate transport

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	4	2	7	5	6

Task 59

Natural Links In a Long Chain of Being

I believe we are not alone.

Even if I am on the other side of the world from the farmhouse I live in, I still dream of the ancient vines out the window, and the shed out back that my grandfather’s father built in 1870 with eucalyptus trunks. As long as I can recreate these images, A ____.

All of us need some grounding in our modern world of constant moving, buying, selling, meeting and leaving. Some find constancy in religion, others in friends or community. But we need some daily signposts that we are not different, not better, B ____.

For me, this house, farm, these ancient vines are those roots. Although I came into this world alone and will leave alone, I am not alone.

There are ghosts of dozens of conversations in the hallways, stories I remember about buying new plows that now rust in the barnyard and ruined crops from the same vines C ____.

All of us are natural links in a long chain of being, and that I need to know what time of day it is, what season is coming, whether the wind is blowing north or from the east, and if the moon is still full tomorrow night, D _____.

The physical world around us constantly changes, E _____. We must struggle in our brief existence to find some transcendent meaning and so find relief in the knowledge F _____.

You may find that too boring, living with the past as present. I find it refreshing. There is an old answer to every new problem, that wise whispers of the past are with us. If we just listen and remember, we are not alone; we have been here before.

I never quite leave home
but human nature does not
that we are now harvesting
but we as well as our heart did not
not worse than those who came before us
just as the farmers who came before me did
that our ancestors have gone through this before

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	5	3	6	2	7

Task 60

The Show Begins

My Uncle Jim took me to all the Broadway shows in New York City, and I was star struck! Actually he wasn’t my real uncle – that’s just what we called him. He was a close friend of my parents. He was a bit stocky with red hair, A _________.

I remember the theaters on Broadway, B __________. The curtains were made of this real heavy, dark red material. There were huge chandelier lights hanging from the ceiling. The walls were dark, paneled wood. The seats were red and cushy C __________.

The orchestra sat at the base of the stage in a pit. I usually went down to the front to see the musicians D __________. They were all crammed into such a tiny space. I played the flute myself and my dad kept encouraging me that if I kept it up, E ___________. But truly, I didn’t want to be tucked away down there. I wanted to be on top, front and center.

Most people dressed rather finely, and certain fragrances took center stage as various women passed by. The sounds of the audience F __________ at their seats were clearly heard while last minute patrons filled in. There was electricity in the air and then the lights would go down and up, and you knew it was time for the show to get started. The lights dimmed. The music began. And you were swept up into a whole new world. I loved it!

I could be playing down there someday
and set real close together
which were so old and posh
and he had a beard and moustache
I wasn’t that good at music
getting ready and warming up
laughing and chattering away

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	3	2	6	1	7

Task 61

Scouting moves ahead

The Scout Movement, which is also known as the Boy Scouts has changed massively in more than 100 years, though many people do not realise this.

For many people in Britain the word “scouting” evokes images of boys in short trousers A__________. Many people imagine that the Scout Association and its female counterpart the Guides Association are old-fashioned. They think these associations are for people B__________ than the future, people who just like camping in the rain and washing in cold water.

It’s quite easy to understand why Scouts and Guides have this sort of image. The “Boy Scouts” were founded over 100 years ago by Robert Baden-Powell, a retired English army general; the “Girl Guides” followed three years later. They were organised in an almost military manner. Young people had to learn discipline and how to do things as a group. They C__________ in difficult conditions, learnt to make campfires and, yes, they certainly had to get used to washing in cold water. In those days though, that D__________ many people washed in cold water.

Nevertheless, even at the start, there was much more to scouting than that. Scouts and Guides also learned the value of solidarity. Right from the start, they had to cope with difficult situations, E__________, and play a useful part in society. Baden-Powell’s organisations were inclusive, and never exclusive; any young person could become a Scout or a Guide, regardless of race, background or religion.

Though the Scout and Guide movements began in England, they soon spread to other countries, and within 50 years, scouting F__________ with young people all over the world.

who are more interested in the past
and girls in blue uniforms
that were generally better
was not particularly unusual as
went on camping expeditions
interact with other people
had become a popular activity

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	1	5	4	6	7

Task 62

Skip the sun, get a glow the healthy way

Everyone at some point has wanted a “healthy glow,” whether it’s a must-have for summer, or a vacation, the thought of tan skin has crossed the minds of millions. If you are pale, it A__________. There is wild excitement when after a day in the sun your skin is tan, not burnt. Surely everyone is familiar with the famous conversation upon the realization that you got fried at the beach. Your friends reassure you with “Don’t worry it B__________.” It may all seem like fun and games at the time, but alarming new research C__________.

Some tan-seekers do it the old-fashioned way, grab a towel and hit the pool or beach. Recently, millions of young girls D__________ instead. Regardless of how the tan is achieved, any change in skin coloring is evidence of skin cell damage. This can lead to cancer. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, melanoma, or skin cancer, among people aged 18 to 39 has risen dramatically. In the United States the number of skin cancer cases due to tanning, is higher than the number of lung cancer cases due to smoking.

While it is true that being outside and active is great for your body and the sun does provide vitamin D, everyone’s health still needs protecting. However, it’s E__________, limit time spent in direct sunlight, between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., and wear sunscreen at all times. A fashionable option is the sun hat: both elegant and fun. Big floppy hats may seem ridiculous at first, but F__________.

Another advice is to look into sunless tanners: They are cheap and in no way endanger the lives of users. So, fake it, don’t bake it!

takes a lot of time and effort to tan
have been turning to tanning beds
they are actually quite classy accessories
better to avoid indoor tanning
have inspired people to get their skin checked
will eventually turn into a tan
has taken the healthy out of healthy glow

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	6	7	2	4	3

Task 63

Grant-making agency

The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent grant-making agency of the United States government. Established in 1965, it is one of the largest sources of grant funds for humanities projects and programs in the U.S. NEH promotes knowledge of the history, thought, and culture, not only of the United States, A__________.

NEH grants facilitate research and original scholarship, strengthen teaching and learning in the humanities in American schools and colleges, give opportunities for citizens to engage in lifelong learning, B__________.

The Endowment is directed by a chairman, C__________ and confirmed by the U.S. Senate for a term of four years. Advising the chairman is the National Council on the Humanities, a board of 26 distinguished private citizens D__________ with the advice of the Senate. The National Council members serve six-year terms.

NEH grants are typically awarded to U.S. cultural institutions, such as museums, archives, libraries, colleges, universities, and public television and radio stations, E__________. Eligibility is limited to U.S. non-profit institutions and to U.S. citizens and foreigners F__________ prior to the time of application. Grants are awarded through a competitive process. The chairman takes into account the advice provided by the review process and, by law, makes all funding decisions.

who is appointed by the president
but of other countries of the world
but in every aspect of social sciences
who are also appointed by the president
who have been living in the U.S. for three years
as well as to individual scholars of the humanities
as well as provide access to cultural and educational resources

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	7	1	4	6	5

Task 64

The Bonfire Night

The 5th of November has always had a very special place in my heart. More important than New Year’s Eve, but probably less important than the Olympics ceremonies, the 5th of November every year is A __________ all over the country to go wild!

The night of the 5th is often cold and damp and parents wrap up their children in layers of jumpers, coats, hats, scarves and gloves. They fuss over the littlest B __________ aren’t scared. They comfort their pets and give them a safe place to curl up inside, away from the cacophony about to start outside.

Outside the bonfire is C __________ up your nose. If you’re lucky, there might be some pumpkin soup left over from Halloween to warm you up, because in spite of all the layers and the excitement, you’ll still need warming up until the bonfire gets going!

When it’s absolutely dark and the bonfire is blazing, the children and parents huddle together in groups, staring up at the sky. What are they waiting for? The screech of the first firework deafens them all and D __________. The “oohs” and “aaahs” of the crowd keep perfect time with the “kabooms” of the rockets. With every firework that lights up the sky, parents watch the delight grow on their children’s faces and sigh with relief.

After the grand finale, they make their way home with the noises still echoing in their ears. An extra special treat E __________! Waving them through the chilly air, spelling out names and drawing pictures, even the oldest members of the family remember how to be kids!

This is what the 5th of November means to me. Every year, it F __________ such bright and colourful fireworks and heard such loud bangs. I really hope I never grow out of it!

differences in traditions
children and hope that they
the day for fireworks lovers
the explosion lights up the sky
feels like the first time I’ve seen
waits at home though: sparklers
lit and the smell of smoke creeps

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	2	7	4	6	5

Task 65

Earth-sheltered homes

Earth-sheltered or simply underground homes are one of those creations by man, which brings him closer to nature. Unlike the normal traditional houses that A __________, these earth-sheltered homes are built using the shelter of the ground. Earth-sheltered homes can be easily made in hilly areas.

The basic idea behind the construction of such a house is that they are built with the idea of B ________ and each of these homes is built entirely different from each other.

The construction of these homes is usually done according to the shape of the area where the house is built. Their designs C ________ to the nature. The early earth houses which were initially built lacked windows. Modern day earth-sheltered homes though have windows as well as any other facility that the people living there might require.

Some of the major benefits of earth-sheltered homes are that they are naturally insulating. This makes them cool in the summer and cozy and warm in the winter. Another advantage D __________ and are well protected from earthquakes as well as wind-storms. Many earth-sheltered homes are also defended against intruders since there is usually only one entry.

As everything has its pros and cons, earth-sheltered homes also do. The interior decoration of these homes, like placing the furniture or huge paintings, E __________. These homes also have dark spaces inside and for this reason, lots of lighting is essential.

Earth-sheltered homes are one of the greenest housing designs that combines Mother Nature with eco-friendly F __________.

are built on the ground
are usually very organic
is being built facing south
being environmentally friendly
building materials and lifestyle
is that these homes are safe from fire
can be difficult due to the construction

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	4	2	6	7	5

Task 66

Australia

Australia is one of the world’s most ethnically diverse nations. Nearly a quarter of the people who live in Australia A __________. They come from the United Kingdom and other European countries, but also from China, Vietnam, North Africa, and the Middle East.

First people arrived in Australia about 50,000 years ago. They B __________ land bridges when sea levels were lower. The next to land in Australia were Dutch explorers. They came in 1606. In 1788 the British began to settle there. Many settlers C __________ as punishment. For a short time, the newcomers lived peacefully with the Aboriginal people.

In 1851, gold was discovered in Australia. A rush to find riches brought D __________ 1859, six separate colonies were created which later became part of the British Commonwealth.

Australian culture is founded on stories of battlers, bushrangers and brave soldiers. Today E __________ its Aboriginal heritage, vibrant mix of cultures, innovative ideas and a thriving ecosystem.

Australia’s ecosystem is an unusual one because of its remote location. As a result, there are F __________ and nowhere else in the world, such as kangaroo and koala.

One of Australia’s most amazing sites rises like an enormous whale’s back from a flat desert called the Red Center. It is a sacred natural formation at the heart of the country and the largest rock in the world!

Australia is one of the most
were born in other countries
Australia also defines itself by
many animal species that occur here
may have travelled from Asia across
thousands of new immigrants, and by
were criminals sent to live in Australia

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	5	7	6	3	4

Task 67

Living nature in Madeira

Right in the middle of the Atlantic, the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo are a haven of natural beauty. The exotic colours of the flowers stand out from among the blue sea and the emerald green vegetation. This is an archipelago where the big territory is a protected area and A __________ is located.

The Madeira Natural Park was created in 1982 to preserve this vast natural heritage, a worldwide rarity. The park is classified as a Biogenetic Reserve, B __________, with some rare species such as the mountain orchid, unique in the world, and also some exotic large trees. To visit this park is to discover Nature! The park covers about two-thirds of the island, making Madeira a truly ecological destination.

The springtime temperature, C __________, cries out for open air activities. Visitors can go for a walk in the park, visit the city of Funchal or roam freely around the island. Boat rides are an excellent way of D __________. In such a naturally welcoming environment, balance and well-being are taken for granted. Madeira offers various tourist complexes E __________.

Popular feasts, F __________, are opportunities to appreciate traditional gastronomic flavours and see Madeira partying, especially for the Carnival parades, the Flower festival, the Atlantic festival and, above all, the end-of-year fireworks display.

which is felt all year round
which take place in Madeira all year round
where the largest laurel forest in the world
admiring the coastline from a different perspective
where one can find a unique range of flora and fauna
choosing this holiday destination for its natural beauty
that have prime conditions for boating and scuba diving

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	5	1	4	7	2

Task 68

Wild animals in cities

Have you ever seen bears in Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai or wild pigs in gardens in Berlin? Recently, there A __________ on TV about big animals coming into towns and cities. What happens when wild animals come into our cities? Is it dangerous for us and the animals?

Wild animals usually come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa, baboons sometimes come into the suburbs. They eat fruit from gardens and go into people’s kitchens and take food from cupboards and fridges! Baboons are B __________ children and fight with pet dogs. Many people do not like them, but the city can be dangerous for baboons too. Sometimes, baboons are C __________ human food can be very bad for their teeth. The city council in Cape Town has a team of Baboon Monitors whose job is to find baboons D ___________ to the countryside. This makes the city safer for people and is healthier for the baboons. However, the main problem is that a lot of baboons will come back to the city to find food again.

In Berlin, Germany, groups of wild pigs have come into the city for hundreds of years, but now the winters are warmer, there are even more pigs than in the past. Pigs eat flowers and plants and dig in gardens and parks in the city. They also E __________ accidents. Some city residents like the pigs and give them food. But the city council is worried about the traffic accidents, so they F __________ have put up fences to stop the pigs coming into the city.

cause lots of problems
in the city and take them back
walk in the street and cause traffic
hurt in car accidents and the sugar in
strong animals and sometimes they scare
have been many reports in newspapers and
have told people to stop giving the pigs food and

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	5	4	2	3	7

Task 69

Europe’s best hidden gems

There are incredible destinations in Europe known worldwide, such as Amsterdam and its canals, London and its museums, its shopping and atmosphere, or Paris, the City of Light. Europe also has thousands of hidden treasures. There is a wide selection of the finest unknown destinations in Europe, from Lugano in Switzerland A __________.

Lugano is an international city, the crossroads and melting pot of European culture. It constitutes one of the most interesting regions to be discovered. Lugano is not only Switzerland’s third most important financial centre, B __________ old buildings.

The area of Cinque Terre in Italy represents one of the best preserved natural sights of the Mediterranean. Human activity has contributed to creating a unique landscape in which the development of typical stone walls is so extensive C __________. All this, D __________, makes the Cinque Terre an increasingly popular location among Italian and foreign tourists.

Sintra is a jewel set between the mountains and the sea, waiting to be discovered by tourists E __________, luxuriant nature and cosmopolitan cultural offer. Sintra has a wonderful charm that left a deep impression on the soul and work of the writers F __________. Sintra is truly the capital of Romanticism. It is a place to be experienced by everyone!

but showed evidence of an early human housing
to Cinque Terre in Italy and Sintra in Portugal
as to equal that of the famous Great Wall of China
but also a town of parks and flowers, villas and
who want to be lost in its majestic historical heritage
combined with the beauty of a crystal clear sea
who pioneered the Romantic spirit in the eighteenth century

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	4	3	6	5	7

Task 70

Beautiful cities of Italy

The political and cultural centre of Italy is the ‘Eternal City’, Rome. Ever since the Roman Empire, as its capital, Rome has become famous as a centre of European culture. The most striking sights of Rome are, of course, the Colosseum and the Forum. Once the Colosseum was able to receive about 50 thousand spectators, A __________ and concert halls. The Pantheon, the old temple of all gods, B __________, is also located in Rome.

The second most important town in Italy is Milan. Milan is the capital of fashion and C __________, exhibitions and conferences. The main attraction of Milan is its Cathedral Square, where the monument to the King Victor Emmanuel II is installed. Theatre fans will not be left disappointed by visiting the Theatre of La Scala.

The most popular city among tourists is Venice. The city is unique because it has more than 120 islands, D __________ and 400 bridges. Venice has been known for more than fifteen hundred years, and for E __________. The main area of the city is Saint Mark’s Square with the Cathedral of San Marco. One of the most beautiful buildings in Venice is the Palace of Doges. The other famous attraction is the Grand Canal F______.

In addition to this, there are such beautiful cities in Italy as Naples, Turin, Florence, Genoa, Pisa and the islands of Sardinia and Sicily. All of them are outstanding places to visit.

that is the largest in Venice
which was built in the early I century
that everyone is dreaming about this trip
which is comparable with modern stadiums
which are сonnected by more than 150 canals
the venue for major international festivals
that time it produced a lot of attractions

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	2	6	5	7	1

Task 71

City of fountains

Peterhof is a monument of world architecture and palace and park art. Peterhof includes a palace and park ensemble of the 18-19th centuries, A__________. Peterhof is a city of fountains as it contains 173 fountains and 4 cascades B__________. Each year up to 3 million people come here to enjoy the splendour of numerous fountains and the unique parks of Peterhof.

The name Peterhof was first mentioned in 1705. It was a coastal manor, close to which the construction of a grand country residence began. The original plan belonged to Peter the Great. After the brilliant victory of Russian troops over the Swedes, security of St. Petersburg both from the land C__________. Since that time, the construction of the Peterhof residence grew immensely in scope.

According to the plan of Peter the Great, on the one hand, Peterhof was meant to be equal in splendour with the most famous royal residences in Europe, D__________ to access the Baltic Sea. Both were successfully done. The Great Palace was built on a natural hill here, E__________. Following the plan of Peter the Great, F__________, the Grand Cascade with the famous Samson fountain was constructed. This is still one of the most spectacular fountains in the world. In 1990 the palaces and parks of Peterhof were included in the list of the world heritage of UNESCO.

and from the sea has been firmly ensured
which is a former royal countryside residence
who designs many royal residences in Europe
and then rebuilt in the baroque style in the 18th century
who wanted to decorate the main entrance with waterfalls
that are located in the park on the coast of the Gulf of Finland
and on the other hand, to become a monument of Russia’s struggle

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	1	7	4	5

Task 72

Sights of Sochi

Sochi is unique among other Russian cities because it has many aspects of a subtropical resort. Apart from the scenic Caucasus Mountains, pebble and sand beaches, the city attracts tourists with its vegetation, numerous parks, monuments, and extravagant architecture. About two million people visit Greater Sochi each summer, A__________. The famous Caucasian Biosphere Reserve, B__________, lies just north from the city.

Popularity of Sochi among tourists is largely explained by the beauty of its surroundings. Walking along the river Agura, everyone will admire the nature around, C__________, and amazing waterfalls. From the bridge over the Agura opens a magnificent view to the lowest Agura waterfall. In the shady Agura gorge tourists will feel the gentle coolness, D__________.

Akhun Mountain the biggest in the region has a beautiful tower on the top. The height of the tower is more than 30 metres, E__________ are stunning. The observation platform on the top of the tower gives a chance to take superb pictures of the city. Every year thousands of people visit this stone tower, F__________ the perfect view of the Black Sea coast and the Caucasus Mountains. It is a truly unforgettable experience. Tourists will enjoy visiting all the sights and the resort itself, full of exotic green and the boundless blue of the Black Sea.

and the views that open from it
which is built on the top to give visitors
when the subtropical resort is almost empty
which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
enjoying the sound of birds singing and waterfalls gurgling
when the city is home to the annual film festival “Kinotavr”
including high cliffs, exotic vegetation, breathtaking canyons

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	7	5	1	2

Task 73

Saint Petersburg

A city of palaces and museums, broad avenues and narrow canals, St. Petersburg’s short history is rich in architectural and artistic treasures. Alongside world-famous attractions such as the Hermitage and St. Isaac’s Cathedral, the city has a lot of equally interesting buildings A__________. St. Petersburg is considered to be Russia’s cultural capital. It reflects the country’s extraordinary fate like no other city.

St. Petersburg is a relatively young city, by both Russian and European standards, as B__________. Despite its short life, the city has a rich history. From the early days of Peter the Great to modern times, the city has always bustled with life and intrigue.

Lying across the delta of the Neva River, St. Petersburg, the Venice of the North, is a city C__________, some of which are well-known for their unique history. Bridges are an essential part of the city’s architectural make-up. Among the city’s over 500 bridges, there are numerous technological masterpieces. The centre of the city offers vast areas of green space, D__________.

St. Petersburg is a beautiful and fascinating holiday destination and one E__________. Whether to visit the city in a romantic and snowy Russian winter F__________, visitors will be spellbound by
St. Petersburg’s culture and beauty.

that is built on hundreds of islands
or during the dazzling white nights in summer
it was only founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great
or considering a variety of the trip accommodation offers
that reveal the mysterious and tragic genius of St. Petersburg
of the most intriguing and historically significant cities in Europe
including beautiful historic gardens and extensive leisure parks

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	3	1	7	6	2

Task 74

State Hermitage Museum

The Hermitage is St. Petersburg’s most popular visitor attraction, and one of the world’s largest and most prestigious museums. It is a must-see for all first-time travellers to the city. With over 3 million items in its collection, it also rewards repeat visits, A__________ of the riches on offer here, from Impressionist masterpieces to fascinating Oriental treasures. It was estimated B__________ on display for just one minute. So many visitors prefer a guided tour to ensure C__________ highlights. Art-lovers, however, may find it more rewarding to seek out for themselves the works D__________.

The bulk of the Hermitage collection is housed in the Winter Palace, E__________. However, there are a number of other sites that constitute part of the Hermitage, including the recently opened Storage Facility in the north of St. Petersburg. It offers guided tours through some of the museum’s vast stocks. The magnificent General Staff Building opposite the Winter Palace is most famous for its central triumphal arch, F__________ Nevsky Prospekt. The General Staff Building contains a number of unique exhibitions. It includes the Modern European Art, probably the most visited section of the Hermitage with well-known collections of Picasso and Matisse, as well as a wealth of popular Impressionist paintings.

that they are particularly interested in
that they have time to catch all the collection’s
and new-comers can only hope to get a brief taste
which brings pedestrians out on to Palace Square from
that one would need eleven years to view each exhibit
which was the official residence of the Russian emperors
and the exhibition was often visited by military historians

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	5	2	1	6	4

Task 75

Letniy Sad

Letniy Sad (The Summer Garden) is a park ensemble, a monument of landscape art of the 18th century. Letniy Sad is the oldest park in St. Petersburg. The park was founded by Peter I in 1704. The Tsar dreamed of his own Versailles and drew its original plan himself. He planned to create a regular, architectural park with accurate layout and straight paths. Prominent architects and gardeners took part in its creation. The park was supposed to become a place of relaxation, A__________.

Letniy Sad is surrounded by water. Natural boundary of the park from the north and east are the Neva and Fontanka Rivers, B__________.

Peter I brought sculptures from Italy for the park and was very proud of them. In the 18th century there were more than two hundred sculptures, C__________, or moved to suburban royal residences and the Hermitage. Now Letniy Sad is decorated with 90 sculptures – copies made of artificial marble.

In May, 2012 Letniy Sad was opened after reconstruction. The reconstruction work had been going on for about three years, D__________ Letniy Sad as it was in the 18th century. Among the new items in Letniy Sad, there is the Archaeological Museum, E__________ during the restoration of the park. Visitors can take a tour of the park F__________ on Sundays.

and restorers have done everything possible to keep
combining the features of urban and suburban estates
which are planned to be the centre of scientific research
which contains interesting objects found by archaeologists
but later many of them were either destroyed in the flood
and enjoy the exhibitions and performances of a brass band
and from the south and west – the Moika River and the Lebyazhiy Canal

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	7	5	1	4	6

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Задание 43. Монолог. Описание фотографий. ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку

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Задание 43. Монолог. Описание фотографий. ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку

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43 задание егэ английский язык

Источники:

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на диалог и утверждения

Задание 43 на текст и пропущенные слова

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на диалог и утверждения

Проект ЕГЭ. Задание 40

Критерии оценивания

Решение коммуникативной задачи

Организация текста

Лексические ошибки

Грамматические ошибки

Орфографические и пунктуационные ошибки

Образец

Алгоритм написания

И ещё

Источники:

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на текст и выбор ответов на вопросы к тексту

43 задание егэ английский язык

Task 40.2

43 задание егэ английский язык

ЕГЭ: Задание 43 на текст и выбор ответов на вопросы к тексту

43 задание егэ английский язык

Источники:

TEST 11

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Раздел 2. Чтение

The Hitchhiker

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

School Uniforms

Space Programmes

Раздел 4. Письменная речь

Test 11. Устная часть

Task 1

Task 2

Study the advertisement

Task 3

Task 4

TEST 12

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Раздел 2. Чтение

Reality Television

Harry’s World

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Telling Stories

Marlon Brando

A Long Way

Раздел 4. Письменная речь

Test 12. Устная часть

Task 1

Task 2

Study the advertisement

Task 3

Task 4

TEST 13

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Раздел 2. Чтение

Cooling Buildings