Словообразование егэ английский практика - Помощь в подготовке к экзаменам и поступлению

После грамматики идут заданиям 25 – 29, которые проверяют знание лексики и словообразовательных элементов. За них можно получить 5 баллов и это – задание повышенного уровня сложности (B1).

Общая информация

Эта часть раздела “Грамматика и лексика” Единого государственного экзамена по английскому языку также почти не отличается от аналогичного раздела ОГЭ, только слова в ней посложней и приставки-суффиксы разнообразнее.

Преподаватель, уже знакомый с форматом экзамена, про себя подумал “не то слово, посложней и разнообразнее”, потому что в этих заданиях ЕГЭ по английскому языку проверяется лексика уровня В1/В2 и умение образовывать от нее однокоренные слова при помощи разнообразных аффиксов. Кстати, есть сайт, который позволяет посмотреть уровневую принадлежность того или иного слова. Посмотрите, как удобно – вводишь интересующую лексическую единицу, а вам – и ее уровень, и все части речи, которые можно от нее образовать, и устойчивые выражения с ней.

Очень бы рекомендовала ученикам выписывать слова именно таким образом.

Задания 26 – 31

Как и в ОГЭ, при прорешивании этого раздела рекомендую следующий алгоритм действий:

Прочитать все предложение и внимательно посмотреть, что окружает пропуск. На основании окружения делать выводы о частеречной принадлежности (подробнее об этом самом “окружении” в параграфе “Лайфхаки” ниже).
Желательно еще перевести, чтобы быть точно уверенным в части речи и смысле слова (он, то есть смысл, может оказаться прямо противоположным, тогда нам потребуется отрицательная приставка или суффикс).
Если необходимое слово неизвестно, советую воспользоваться приведенной ниже таблицей суффиксов и приставок. Ее даю ученикам в самом начале занятий и при обнаружении “неизвестного” слова, смысл и часть речи которого понятны, обращаемся к схеме и пытаемся вычислить нужную приставку или суффикс. Да, она выглядит мудрено и ученики поначалу путаются, но после 2 месяцев работы по ней ситуация улучшается.
Проверить орфографию! Увы и ах, правильно угаданное слово, написанное неправильно, баллов не принесет.
Перенести ответы в бланк ЗАГЛАВНЫМИ буквами

Не рекомендую никому полагаться только на перевод слова, потому что он может подсказать нам неправильную часть речи.
Например, предложения “Learning languages is becoming a popular hobby with children and adults. It’s not only interesting but very __________________, too. USE” переводятся как “Изучение языков становится популярным хобби среди детей и взрослых. Это не только интересно, но и очень ПОЛЕЗНО”. На основании перевода можно сделать ошибочный вывод, что в пропуске стоит наречие usefully. На деле же нам нужно прилагательное useful. Об этом можно догадаться по нескольким факторам: связке is, после которой следует именная часть, то есть имя прилагательное или существительное, однородному прилагательному interesting и наречию very (а наречия у нас определяют прилагательные или глаголы) перед пропуском.

Лайфхаки

А вот подсказки, которые помогут сделать вывод о нужной части речи:

Существительное

В самом начале предложения перед сказуемым (________ is a sign of bad character. RUDE)
После прилагательного (She has a very pleasant ________. PERSONAL)
После существительного в притяжательном падеже (This is everyone’s _____________. RESPONSIBLE)
После артикля (I love autumn because of the _________ of its coour. RICH).
После предлога (People complain about the lack of ____________. CREATIVE)
После местоимения (I love her _________. BEAUTIFUL)
После числительного (There were more than 1000 _________. COMPETE)

Если образовываете существительное, важно объяснить себе, в единственном или множественном числе оно стоит. Это можно понять по артиклю (неопределенный артикль “а” будет перед существительным в единственном числе), форме глагола (отсутствие или наличие окончания -(e)s в настоящем времени) и местоимениям (this, that будут указывать на единственное число, these, those, some – на множественное).

Глагол

После существительного в роли подлежащего (Travel _______ the mind. BROAD)
В начале повелительного предложения (Let’s _________ and make a conclusion. SUMMARY)
После вспомогательного глагола (We will _______ all your dreams. REAL)
После частицы to (We are going to _________ it. FULFILLMENT)

Прилагательное

Перед существительным и обычно после артикля (It was a _______ road. DIFFICULTY), после другого прилагательного (My brother likes wearing big ______ trousers. BAG) или после предлога (Everything is ready for __________ elections. PRESIDENT)
Как составное именное сказуемое после глагола-связки быть (It was absoutely _______. TASTE) или после другого глагола (The food looks __________. TASTE)

Наречие

После глагола (We arrived ________ on the shore. SAFE)
В начале предложения как вводное слово (____________, we were lost. OBVIOUS)
Перед прилагательным (He was ___________ right. ABSOLUTE)

Еще раз для учеников, которые не понимают “Что делать, если я не знаю слова, которое написано справа?!”

Подумать, какая часть речи должна быть в пропуске.
Подумать, не имеет ли это слово противоположного значения.
Если существительное, задуматься о числе.
Подбирать из известных суффиксов тот, который “звучит” лучше.
Проверить написание.

Пример из демоверсии 2023

В задании 25 перед пропуском стоит определенный артикль the, после – предлог of, то есть нам остается только существительное – population.

В 26-м после связки is стоит situated, а мы знаем, что разорвать две части глагола способно только наречие conveniently.

Связка is перед пропуском в следующем номере намекает на прилагательное comparable.

То же самое и в 28-м, правильный ответ здесь friendly, которое НЕ наречие, а прилагательное.

В 29-м прилагательное inhabited заставляет нас написать существительное location.

Вот так выглядит правильно заполненный бланк для заданий 25 – 29:

Советы по подготовке

При прохождении новой лексической темы выписывать слова в специально заведенный словарь сразу со всеми производными и зависимыми предлогами, если таковые имеются.
Купить книгу по лексике, в ней как раз соблюден этот принцип работы со словами.
Забивать в Quizlet и повторять.
Составлять с ними тесты для проверки на уроке, рассказы, употреблять в письмах и графике, подчеркивая новую лексику, выписанную по этой теме. (В идеале, прошли тему – написали сочинение или письмо по ней.)
Читать адаптированные (если позволяет уровень, и неадаптированные) книги, выписывать оттуда новые слова (около 10 за главу) и пересказывать на занятии с употреблением этих самых новых слов.

Если вы этого еще не сделали – покупайте план ЕГЭ, который помог более 1.000 преподавателей по английскому подготовить своих учеников на высокие баллы

P.S. Про разделы и стратегии выполнения заданий ЕГЭ можно почитать статьи:

Аудирование или задания 1 — 9
Чтение или задания 10 — 18
Грамматика или задания 19 — 25
Словообразование или задания 26 — 31
Лексика или задания 32-38
Личное письмо или задание 39
Проект или задание 40
Устная часть. Задание 1
Устная часть, Задание 2
Устная часть, Задание 3
Устная часть, Задание 4

ELTgram от Ирины Кузнецовой

Источник

Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение

средняя школа № 2

СБОРНИК ТЕКСТОВ ДЛЯ ПОДГОТОВКИ К ЕГЭ ПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ: раздел «Словообразование».

составитель: учитель английского языка

1 категории Звонкова Татьяна Юрьевна

Смоленск 2021

Пояснительная записка

Как известно, Задания 26 – 31 на ЕГЭ – это упражнения на словообразование. Как показывает практика, очень многие считают эти задания едва ли не самыми сложными во всем ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Данное методическое пособие содержит 6 аутентичных статей из известной газеты The Gardian, адаптированных под формат упражнений 26-31 ЕГЭ.

Task № 1

Young people need to value and enjoy nature –

here’s how we’re doing our bit

The Country Diary is a little-known corner of the Guardian, but it is in fact thought to be the longest-running newspaper column in the world, first appearing in 1904. Back then it was the work of just one writer, a bird fanatic called Thomas Coward, writing 1) _______ (DAY) despatches about “country life” from rural Cheshire.

The biodiversity loss Britain has suffered since then is 2) __________ (CALCULATE), but suffice to say that Coward had vastly greater numbers of flora and fauna to write about than today’s diarists. Another 3) _______________(GENERATION) change has been children’s interaction with the natural world, or lack thereof. A 2015 YouGov survey found that fewer than one in 10 British children had access to 4) _________ (NATURE) areas, compared with 40% of adults when they were younger.

With all this in mind, and with the climate crisis growing ever more urgent, we decided to do our bit. In spring 2020, an offshoot of the Country Diary for junior writers – the Young Country Diary – was launched. It has been a huge success, with hundreds of submissions, and children aged 8 to 14 now 5) _____________ (REGULAR) writing for the Guardian about the natural world. Our two most recent diaries show how wildlife can inspire, and how much talent is out there. Eight-year-old Orla wrote a highly 6) ___________ (ENTHUSIASM) and fact-filled piece on seeing a bullfinch in North Yorkshire, while 12-year-old James submitted an atmospheric, compelling diary about finding fossils on the Dorset coast. We’ve also had entries on a city farm in south London, discovering a newt in Wales, and the bugs living inside a composter in the Midlands.

The need for young people to value and engage with nature, in this way and others, is clear: the more people who care about the environment, the more we can preserve it, and the benefits to children of being in nature are well documented. The green shoots are there: the mass climate marches by schoolchildren in March 2019 were 7) _____________ (PRECEDE) and hopeful, even if they were interrupted by the pandemic, while according to a government survey published last autumn, 78% of 8 to 15-year-olds in the UK believe in the importance of protecting the environment. I’m particularly ____________ (EXCITEMENT) by the idea of a natural history GCSE, which is currently under consideration by the Department for Education. This would not only provide a springboard for budding 9) ____________ (NATURE), it may also turn the heads of children who have never heard the term “natural history”.

As for the diary entries, there is something particularly 10) _____________ (VALUE), about recording what you have seen and done in nature, whether it’s for a Guardian column or just for your own personal pleasure. Nicola Chester, a Country Diary regular and longtime environmental 11) _____________ (ACT), says we must “Write it all down (or just some of it!) with the joy and curiosity of an explorer. It may be a record that no one else has thought to keep. It’s both a 12) ______________ (CELEBRATE) of what you’ve seen, and a way to build resistance to what is being lost.”

by Paul Fleckney

Down to Earth, The GARDIAN, January 2022

Task № 2

It’s code red for our climate as we end 2021 –

but at least we have a clear to-do list

Ever since Cop26 I’ve had Martha and the Vandellas playing, the lyrics “nowhere to run to baby, nowhere to hide” summing up the current moment. These are words which set the tone for the year ahead, with their sense of upbeat panic. The last year has 1) _________ (DEFINE) contained many moments of reckoning, not least the publication of the very severely worded IPCC report representing code red for humanity. It seems like that 2) ____________ (AWARE), now out of the box, can’t be shut back up. The stark situation we find ourselves in with regard to the environment is obvious.

In many ways we have a clear to-do list, even if that is freighted with last-chance-saloon 3) ___________ (EXPECT). Given 89% of CO2 emissions are from fossil fuels and industry, we know where to focus. Top of the to-do list has to be stop extracting fossil fuels, stop burning them, stop subsidising them. Just stop!

In many ways, the investor and finance sector had already started to make that call and this year that will probably accelerate. 4) ___________ (POLITICS) can obfuscate and, in the words of Greta Thunberg, ‘blah blah blah’ all they like, but the money is heading away from fossil fuels. One of my favourite ‘overheard at Cop26’ moments was an expert referring to politicians as «lagging indicators».

That seemed to be the case for the Cambo oilfield project (at least for now). The brilliant work of Client Earth, using not just legal angles but diplomatic ones to push for the end of coal, will continue to be really 5) _________ (SIGN) next year. Comfortingly, that extends far beyond Europe to very-hard-to-read China, where Client Earth claims to have trained 1,000 judges and prosecutors on regional pollution laws.

We’ve also become reliant on the global youth 6) __________ (MOVE) to apply pressure and hold power to account. This coming year, they need full support (including financial, as many youth activists pay their own way). This youth movement has moved on from school strikes, and now needs to play a proper role. We cannot have another Cop that holds them at arms length. Cop27 in Egypt must have proper 7) __________ (PRESENT) built into the structure (in 2018 UN protocols were changed to allow youth leaders to participate in more of the process, but they still don’t have a seat in ____________(NEGOTIATE). We can’t rely on the pressure of protest either, because there is every chance that it will not be allowed in Egypt (there is every chance they will be tricky here too, thanks to the police and crime act).

One vital sign that we should take huge comfort from is that we are 9) ___________ (FINAL) talking about a dual crisis in climate and nature. The two are inextricably linked and yet the UN process (which I keep banging on about because it is the process we have, however 9) __________(PERFECT) as sought to keep them apart in about four different and very complicated channels and processes separating biodiversity and climate regimes. This has proved a huge headache for smaller countries, many of which are climate vulnerable and 10) _______________ (DIVERSE) hotspots. In Glasgow, attempts were made to bring nature and climate together, and the often-neglected so-called Cinderella subjects – including land use and agriculture – took part in Nature Day. Could Cop27 mark the point at which Cinderella gets to go to the ball?

by Lucy Siegle

Down to Earth, The GARDIAN, January 2022

Task № 3

Pesticides have polluted our rivers and lakes

– and there’s no quick fix

I have been reporting on pesticides for more than a decade, but some 1) ___________ (REVEAL) really stick in my mind. One was the discovery in 2013 of insecticide pollution in the ditches by Dutch fields that was so bad the water itself could have been used as an 2) __________ (EFFECT) pest killer. Not surprisingly the impact on dragonflies, snails and other wild water creatures was devastating. The situation does not appear to have improved. New research by the European Environment 3) _________ (AGENT) showed excessive levels of pesticides in about a quarter of rivers and lakes across the EU, with the Netherlands the worst affected. More than half of all Dutch water bodies – 56% – had high levels of pesticides, including 62% of lakes.

Agriculture is 4) ____________ (PART) intensive in the Netherlands, but it is far from alone in dousing its landscapes in pesticides. In Italy, Belgium, the Czech Republic and Finland, about half of water bodies were heavily polluted, as well as 38% in Germany, 33% in Ireland, and 26% in France. The EEA also reported excess pesticides in groundwater in about 5% of sites. The striking aspect of this was that the most common 5) ___________ (POLLUTE) was atrazine, which was banned in the EU in 2007. “It is very persistent,” said the EEA, which also noted that, unlike most pollutants, pesticides are 6) _____________ (SPECIFIC) designed to kill living things.

The data analysed by the EEA was taken from more than 20,000 monitoring sites across the EU between 2013 and 2019, but it is far from the full picture. Only half the pesticides detected have exceeded limits set by Europe – the other half could not be included in the study.

The data is also reported voluntarily by countries, meaning considerable gaps remain, but there is no 7) __________ (INDICATE) of an improving situation. The UK is no longer an EU member, so was not included in the EEA analysis, but insecticides were revealed to be polluting rivers in England in 2017.The number of different pesticides reported in EU rivers and lakes was more than 100 in Germany and Italy. France detected 215 ________ (DIFFER) pesticides in groundwater. That reminded me of another striking finding from France, from a study I reported in 2017: virtually all farms could significantly cut their pesticide use while still producing as much food. Most pesticides are applied “just in case”, the work showed, doing little other than harming nature. Only a few months after that, another 9) ______________ (MEMORY) study laid out the big picture: the assumption by regulators around the world that it is safe to use pesticides at industrial scales across landscapes is false, said senior scientists. With no limit on the total amount of pesticides used, and virtually no monitoring of their effects in the environment, the damage is done before it is detected.

The new EEA analysis comes at an important time. The European Green Deal plan is aiming to reduce the use of, and risks from, chemical pesticides by 50% by 2030. Addressing the risks, as well as the volume, of pesticides is vital – the amount being used is falling, but the 10) __________ (INCREASE) toxicity of the chemicals is outpacing that fall. But cutting pesticide use it is not going to be easy. Last week, the website DeSmog published an investigation into the powerful companies and lobby groups working to water down the EU’s targets for more 11) ___________ (SUSTAIN) farming. These companies and groups spent €45m lobbying EU decision-makers between 2019 and 2020, DeSmog reported, and held hundreds of meetings with relevant bodies.

Natacha Cingotti, at the Brussels-based Health and Environmental Alliance, said: “When working on pesticide-related policies, the imbalance of stakeholders in favour of industry interests is striking. The dominating actors are those very companies set to profit from the sale of 12) _________ (HARM) chemicals, not those who stand for health and environment protection.”

by Damian Carrington

Down to Earth, The GARDIAN, January 2022

Task № 4

Activism is the driving force behind America’s healthier highways

As 2021 enters its final stages, the year will 1) __________ (VARY) be reflected upon as one marred by pandemic, disinformation and a worsening climate crisis. But it may also be considered the year when a 2) ___________ (FUND) rethink started to blossom over the role of roads in our cities and towns. Some of this has been marked by direct confrontation, such as the Insulate Britain protests that blocked the M25 and M56 motorways, while in other places it’s seen the gleeful embrace of cycling over driving, such as in Paris. Perhaps the most profound shift is stirring in the US, a country with a seemingly insatiable thirst for large SUVs, an often desultory attitude to public transport and a 3) ___________ (PROBLEM) history of carving highways through the hearts of its cities.

The huge expansion of the interstate highway system from the 1950s onwards saw the widespread razing of black 4) ____________ (NEIGHBOUR) to make way for the new roads. It’s left a legacy of air pollution that has blighted the health of those left behind and a car dependence that has been disastrous for the climate. It also caused community 5) ____________ (LOCATE) that hurts to this day. “It was a space where you could buy a pie, where you could go to see jazz music,” said activist Qannani Omar about the vibrant area flattened to make way for Highway 55 in the north side of Minneapolis. “It had walkability. People were able to live in this community and walk to their needs.”

Minneapolis is just one city – Rochester, New York and Oakland, California are notable other examples – where resident groups are pushing for such highways, which 6) _____________ (PROPORTION) cleaved apart communities of colour, to be removed. And now they have an ally in the US government, which has acknowledged the need to make amends for a racist past that imperils the climatic future. The recently passed infrastructure bill designates $1bn to “reconnecting” communities across the US, which will involve tearing down harmful highways, creating new pedestrian-friendly trails and providing better links to bus and train lines. The lay-out of America’s highways “obviously reflects racism that went into those design choices”, Pete Buttigieg, the transport secretary, has 7) ___________ (KNOW). “We have nothing to lose by confronting that obvious reality.”

Already, there are signs of what this ____________ (TRANSFORM) would look like. A new plan for the CrossBronx Expressway, one of the busiest and most polluting freeways in New York City, is to be devised, ‘capping’ it with greenery and providing nearby residents with a better barrier from the pollution and noise it generates. Advocates say much more needs to be done – removing highways rather than just lessening their impact and far more funding is required to make a 9) ____________ (SIGN) dent in America’s tangle of roadways – but a new vision for urban areas is starting to take hold, fuelled by open streets initiatives that saw pedestrians, skateboarders and playing children ushered into places previously the sole domain of cars pre-pandemic.

The hope is that not only will America’s cities start to feel a bit more connected and 10) ____________ (LIVE) but that planet-heating emissions will drop off, too.

by Oliver Milman

Down to Earth, The GARDIAN, December 2021

Task № 5

Activism is the driving force behind America’s healthier highways

Let’s be honest about the climate crisis – and that means being 1) ___________ (HOPE) too. Let’s start with the big picture, the bad news first, and then the good: the environment is the world and everything in it. It is the air, water and food we need to survive and the 2) _________ (NATURE) wonders that leave us awestruck. Ultimately, we rely on the environment for everything. But we are destroying and polluting it. The Great Acceleration of 3) ____________ (CONSUME) and population growth of the last 70 years has brought us into the Anthropocene, where 4) ____________ (HUMAN) dominates the planet, and to a triple crisis. The climate crisis, with its wildfires and floods, is upon us. The carbon dioxide from our relentless burning of fossil fuels is trapping ever more heat and pushing the gentle weather that nurtured the growth of 5) ____________ (CIVIL) to new extremes. The biodiversity crisis has put us on the verge of the first mass 6) ____________ (EXTINCT) of species ever faced by Homo sapiens. The razing of forests, ploughing up of grasslands and plundering of the seas is pushing the wild world to the margins. The 7) ____________ (POLLUTE) crisis is killing millions of people a year with dirty air, foul water and toxic soils. It is decimating wildlife too, not least the myriad insects without which we will not survive. But it is not too late. We have the ______________ (KNOW) and tools to restore the land, water and air and create a sustainable future. It is happening in 9) _____________ (NEW) energy, electric cars and plant-based alternatives to meat. Science, technology, economics, politics, social justice and more will all 10) _________ (ACT) as the future unfolds.

by Damian Carrington

Down to Earth, The GARDIAN, December 2021

Task № 6

10 beautiful winter birds to spot in UK towns and cities

From the streetwise crow to the 1) __________ (COLOUR) goldfinch, the co-founder of Flock Together reveals the birds he loves to look out for in winter. As a co-founder of Flock Together, a London-based birdwatching collective for people of colour that organises walks across the south of England all year round, the question I am asked most often is: “Are there even any birds in winter?”

It’s fair enough. Birdsong declines 2) __________ (SHARP) in winter, as birds do not need to attract mates outside the breeding season; many summer visitors will have left, and there is less need to mark territory, so there is more space. However, birds wintering here are frantically looking for food. This, along with 3) _________ (LEAF) winter trees, means plenty of opportunities for good sightings, wherever you are. Here are some of my favourite birds to watch in winter. Some are in the UK year-round, others migrate in for the season, and the good news is that they are all 4) ____________ (SPREAD) in the UK – even if you live in a city, you shouldn’t have to go far to see them.

Carrion crow

My favourite bird to watch! Gangs of these glossy all-black birds rule the streets. Living in numbers helps them ward off 5) ___________ (COMPETE) and establish strongholds. An “everyday” bird? Yes. Unimpressive? Absolutely not.

Wren

This tiny brown bird can be identified by its cocked-up tail. They often hide under thick hedges, singing their loud, melodic song. I like to spot them in Hackney Marshes but they can be seen everywhere.

Grey heron

Grey herons exude a pterodactyl-like energy in flight – 6) ____________ (SPECIAL) when they let out their loud squawks. Standing by water, hunting for amphibians and fish, they can sometimes be so still that you question whether you’re looking at a statue. We once received a video of one spinning a rat by its tail.

Long-tailed tit

These crazy cute, pink, black and white birds are so tiny that you might miss them – but their long tails make them easy to recognise. They are hardly ever seen alone and flocks will hop from one garden to the next, looking for hanging 7) __________ (FEED).

Short-eared owl

These owls hunt by day, so you might spot them flying low above open ground. Lots arrive from Scandinavia and show themselves for the winter year after year. I like to watch them at the RSPB Rainham Marshes reserve in Essex, but they can be seen in __________ (SUIT) habitats from Scotland to Cornwall.

Redwing

A true winter bird of the UK, this is a type of thrush distinguished by a red patch under its wings and an eyestripe. Thousands 9) _________ (ARRIVAL) in the UK from colder climates in late October. They feed mainly on berries and worms. The ones on my balcony came for the sliced oranges and apples I left out.

by Nadeem Perera

The GARDIAN, December 2021

Keys:

Task № 1: 1) daily, 2) incalculable, 3) generational, 4) natural, 5) regularly, 6) enthusiastic, 7) unprecedented, excited, 9) naturalist, 10) valuable, 11) activist, 12) celebration

Task № 2: 1) definitely, 2) awareness, 3) expectation, 4) politicians, 5) significant, 6) movement, 7) representation, negotiation, 9) finally, 10) imperfect, 11) biodiversity

Task № 3: 1) revelation, 2) effective, 3) agency, 4) particularly, 5) pollution, 6) specifically, 7) indicate, different, 9) memorable, 10) increasing, 11) sustainable, 12) harm

Task № 4: 1) invariably, 2) fundamental, 3) problematic, 4) neighborhood, 5) dislocation, 6) disproportionally, 7) acknowledge, transformation, 9) significant, 10) liveable

Task № 5: 1) hopeful, 2) natural, 3) consumption, 4) humanity, 5) civilization, 6) extinction,

7) pollution, knowledge, 9) renewable, 10) interact

Task № 6: 1) colourful, 2) sharply, 3) leafless, 4) widespread, 5) competitors, 6) especially, 7) feeders, suitable, 9) arrival

Источник

Подготовка

к ЕГЭ.

Тренировочные задания по словообразованию

Учитель МБОУ СОШ №2 ст.Выселки

Бурмистрова Г.В.

Упражнения на словообразование.

Глагол.

№1.

He_____________________ a short passage from the Bible.

QUOTATION

The teacher always _________________________ the children with their tasks. ASSISTANT

It’s Dad’s birthday and we’re going out for a meal to __________________

CELEBRITY

He __________________________ his grip on David’s wrist.

LOOSE

Mom flatly __________________________ to go back in the hospital.

REFUSAL

There was only one girl ________________________ customers.

SERVICE

We should hire another secretary to ___________________________ Sarah’s workload. LIGHT

The letter _________________________ to arrive.

FAILFURE

She was _______________________________with terror.

FROSTY

Our friendship has steadily _______________________ over the years.

STRONG

Unfortunately, their aim for a rapid improvement in the economy was not ______________________________. FULFILMENT

We need drugs to _____________________ blood pressure.

LOW

He had been nearly ____________________________ through a failed business venture. BANKRUPTCY

Drugs helped to _____________________________ the pain.

RELIEF

I could ___________________________ on Gary for friendship and support. RELIABLE

Angus ___________________________ his leg playing rugby.

INJURY

The flowers _________________________ several different kinds of insects. ATTRACTIVE

Teachers simply do not have the time or the inclination to ___________________________ these matters. INVESTIGATOR

___________________________ the machine according to the manufacture’s instructions. INSTALLATION

Young hairdressers must learn to __________________________ the client as a person, not a head of hair. TREATMENT

№2.

That bag of yours ________________________ a ton.

WEIGHT

I’m _____________________ this bottle of champagne for a special occasion. SAFETY

Failure to ________________________ the law can lead to a large fine.

OBEDIENT

The committee rejected the proposal to __________________________ taxes. REDUCTION

However, on closer inspection, a number of problems _______________________. EMERGENCE

The first edition was ____________________________ in 1784.

PUBLICATION

Could you _________________________ one or two points for me?

CLARITY

They no longer ______________________________ alcohol or cigarettes at sporting events. ADVERTISMENT

He _______________________ Bea last year. MARRIAGE

Kate __________________________ to let me_______________________ her. AGREEMENT PHOTOGRAPHY

The possibility that Jack was ___________________________ flashed through my mind. LIE

An academician is a member of an official organization which _______________________ the development of science, art etc.

COURAGE

Further studies __________________________ that fish oil can ____________________ blood pressure. CONFIRMATION

LOW

He was unfairly ________________________ from his post.

DISMISSAL

Relations between the countries were formally ___________________ again. NORMAL

The aircraft were ______________________________ as American.

IDENTITY

Add fertilizers to _________________________ the soil.

RICH

The powers of the president are clearly _____________________________ in the Constitution. DEFINITION

No one was hurt, and we all ________________________ a sign of relief.

BREATH

The prison was ordered to ____________________________ security after a prisoner __________________________ yesterday.

TIGHT

INESCAPABLE

№3.

The company had been badly ______________________.

MANAGEMENT

The local farmers have ________________________ themselves with rifles and pistols. ARMS

Our goal is to ______________________ a new research centre in the North. ESTABLISHMENT

The doctors _______________________ pneumonia.

SUSPICION

Within three months of his election he was forced to __________________.

RESIGNATION

The government has __________________________ plans to _________________________ 10000 new jobs. ANNOUNCEMENT

CREATIVE

The knot ____________________________ my lungs for another second and then ____________________________. TIGHT

LOOSE

These instruments _________________________ distances precisely.

CALCULATION

The poor kid’s just ___________________________ for attention.

STARVATION

She was too weak to _________________________ herself.

FOOD

The package _______________________ cycle hire for the duration of your holiday. INCLUSION

I ______________________________ him, even though his history sounded unlikely. BELIEF

A balanced diet __________________________ good health.

PROMOTION

Has anything been ____________________________ yet?

DECISION

The thieves fled when they were ______________________________ by a neighbour. DISTURBANCE

These results are __________________________ in table 7.

SUMMARY

I’ve got to __________________________ my geography.

REVISION

The group was ___________________________ as being well-educated and liberal. CHARACTER

They are trying to __________________________ the discussion to _______________________________ environmental issues.

WIDTH

INCLUSIVE

Some members __________________________________ to ______________________________. REFUSAL

PARTICIPANT

№4.

Young children ___________________________ helping around the house.

JOY

His time was _______________________________ with the children.

OCCUPATION

My folks are _______________________________ their 50th anniversary.

CELEBRITY

You forgot to ___________________________ the cheque.

SIGNATURE

I will _____________________________ to them that I’m the best man for the job. PROOF

Three people _____________________________ themselves by jumping from the window. SAFE

A group of students was _________________________________ at random. SELECTION

No further changes were _________________________ necessary.

CONSIDERABLE

The police were widely __________________________ for their role in repressing the protest movement. CRITIC

Please ____________________________ your name and address.

STATEMENT

All hope of improvement has been snatched away by ___________________ her condition. WORSE

Union leaders have _______________________________ an agreement for a shorter working week. NEGOTIATIONS

Rising prices _____________________________ increased wages.

NEUTRAL

Can you ___________________________ your leg?

STRAIGHT

You have to _______________________________ quickly to circumstance. REACTION

This would __________________________ interviewing all the staff.

NECESSITY

Two years in the army _________________________ him up.

TOUGH

It ____________________________ me to death to see the consequences of your actions! TERROR

The money will be _____________________________ equally among the charities. DIVISION

Changing your eating habits is the best way to ______________________ weight. LOOSE

№5.

Science ________________________________ what the world is like, and why it __________________________ as it does.

EXPLANATION

BEHAVIOUR

Nothing __________________________ murdering another human being.

JUSTICE

Emergency aid could __________________________ millions threatened with starvation. SAFELY

I ____________________________to having to rewrite the article.

OBJECTIVE

In law, beer is _____________________________ as a food product.

CLASSIFICATION

The two people have been critically ______________________ in an accident. INJURY

The issues to be studied are well ________________________.

DEFINITELY

Are we doing enough to ____________________________ the environment? PROTECTIVE

It took us ages to __________________________ a new carpet.

CHOICE

The hope to give fans something to _____________________________ this season. CELEBRATION

Increased level of Fat in the diet could ____________________________ the risk of cancer. HIGH

The gap between rich and poor seems to be ________________________.

WIDE

I’m not very good at German, but I can make myself ______________________________ . UNDERSTAND

They need someone who can ______________________________ them in planning their careers. ASSISTANCE

Over the last two years the president’s position has __________________________. WEAK

The police took fingerprints and ______________________________ the body. IDENTIFICATION

__________________________ the mixture with a little honey.

SWEET

It was __________________________ that four hospitals should ____________________________. DECISIVE

CLOUSER

People in higher social classes are more likely to ________________________ late. MARRIAGE

This medicine will ___________________________ you for pain.

EASY

Keys.

№1.

quoted

assists

celebrate

loosened

refused

serving

lighten

failed

frozen

strengthened

fulfilled

lower

bankrupted

relieve

rely

injured

attract

investigate

Install

Treat

№2.

weighs

saving

obey

reduce

emerged

published

clarify

advertise(d)

married

agreed, photograph

lying

encourages

confirmed, lower

dismissed

normalis/ zed

identified

enrich

defined

breathed

tighten, escaped

№3.

managed

armed

establish

suspect(ed)

resign

announced, create

tightened, loosened

calculate

starved

feed

includes

believe(d)

promotes

decided

disturbed

summaries/zed

revise

characteris/zed

widen, include

refused, participate

№4.

enjoy

occupied

celebrating

sign

prove

saved

selected

considered

criticis/zed

state

worsening

negotiated

neutralis/ze

straighten

react

necessitate

toughened

terrified

divided

lose

№5.

explains, behaves

justifies

save

objected

classified

injured

defined

protect

choose

celebrate

heighten

widening

understood

assist

weakened

identified

Sweeten

decided, close

marry

ease

Существительное.

№1.

The meat was declared unfit for human _________________________ .

CONSUME

For the third time in arrow, she had failed to keep her ________________.

APPOINT

It was fun for a while, but the _______________________ wore off.

NOVEL

It’s very important to have a realistic ___________________________ of the situation. APPRECIATE

He’s 65 now, and nearing __________________________ .

RETIRED

She accepted his __________________________ to join him for lunch.

INVITE

The book’s __________________________ is the conflict between love and duty. THEMATIC

It’s a region famous for its cheese _________________________.

MAKE

It’s very important for your son to improve the _______________________ of reading. EFFICIENT

Do you have a colour _________________________ ?

PREFER

The annual _________________________ of teenagers for the Glastonbury Festival makes the local somewhat nervous.

INVADER

I don’t like being a _________________________ for other people.

BURDENSOME

People were pushing each other out of the way in their ________________ to get to front. EAGER

I’d like to see the new computer system in _________________________.

ACTIVE

The project is under _______________________ as a possible joint venture. DISCUSS

What’s the secret of your _______________________ ?

SUCCEED

The decision provoked an angry from ______________________.

RESIDENCE

The president has already given his ___________________________ to this plan. APPROVE

I wish I had a _________________________ of Thomas.

PHOTOGRAPHY

They had a short _________________________ in German.

COVERSE

KEYS

consumption

appointment

novelty

appreciation

retirement

invitation

theme

making

efficiency

preference

invasion

burden

eagerness

action

discussion

success

residents

approval

photograph

conversation

№2.

He was left with a feeling of _____________________ and ________________. REJECT

LOOSE

He read out a short _____________________ from the Bible.

PASS

I resented being treated as an _________________________ .

INVALIDITY

If he’s saying that the accident was my fault, he’s a ___________________.

LIE

It was an _____________________ operation to save her sight.

EMERGE

A high ________________________ of businesses fall in the first year.

PERCENT

He’s one of the _________________________ in burglary case.

SUSPICION

Thank you for all the ________________________ you’ve shown us during our time in England. GENEROUS

We want to organize a support group for cancer _____________________.

SUFFER

Some ski resorts opened early, ________________________ to a late-October snowstorm. THANK

__________________________ is one of the factors that affects the learning process. MOTIVATE

I was already 45 minutes late for a dental ___________________________.

APPOINTED

Children sometimes need help expressing their ______________________ and ___________________. THINK

FEEL

He doesn’t need another car – it’s pure _____________________________.

GREEDY

A ____________________ is a country ruled by a king or a queen.

KING

He gave an ________________________ that the work would be completed by Monday.

ASSURE

I think she’ll be successful as a ___________________________.

PHOTOGRAPH

She stared ay him in _____________________________.

ASTONISHING

Graham was in his _____________________________, building a fire and cooking the steaks.

ELEMENTARY

Shaun took a deep _____________________________ and dived in.

BREATHE

Keys.

rejection, loss

passage

invalid

liar

emergency

percentage

suspects

generosity

sufferers

thanks

motivation

appointment

thoughts, feelings

greed

kingdom

assurance

photographer

astonishment

element

breath

№3.

The New Jazz ______________________ is a famous all over the world.

FESTIVE

By some _________________________, the population will reach 8 million soon.

CALCULATE

The certificate qualifies you to work as a dental ______________________.

ASSIST

We’ll have to take a _________________________ to see the sightseeing.

GUIDANCE

Research shows that _________________________ don’t want GM foods.

CONSUMPTION

Rogers never turns down an _______________________ to dinner.

INVITE

I wrote them to express my gratitude for their _______________________.

HOSPITABLE

A true _____________________ is thoughtful of death.

BELIEF

He’s got a degree in _______________________________ .

ECONOMISE

Despite all the modern technology, weather _______________________ is still unreliable.

PREDICT

With a little more ______________________ you should be able to pass your test.

PRACTISE

The _____________________ is off.

WEDDED

_____________________ is included in your bill.

SERVANT

It was dark and their ___________________________ into the camp had gone unnoticed.

ENTRANCE

His question left an _______________________ for me to ask a question.

OPEN

The old furnaces operated at 60% _________________________.

EFFICIENT

She used all her powers of ____________________________ to convince Willy that it was the right thing to do.

PERSUADE

Using a seatbelt will reduce the likelihood of serious __________________ in a car accident.

INJURE

She had the reputation of being a __________________________.

BEAUTIFUL

The _________________________________ continued for nearly three years.

INVESTIGATOR

Keys.

festival

calculations

assistant

guide

consumers

invitation

hospitality

believer

economics

prediction

practice

wedding

service

entry

opening

efficiency

persuasion

injury

beauty

investigation

№4.

His ________________________ were without parallel in Olympic history.

ACHIEVABLE

Flooding in this area is a common _______________________.

OCCUR

This is just a little present to show my ___________________________ for all your _____________________. APPRECIATE

KIND

The children are just an _______________________ for him when he’s trying to work. IRRITATE

_____________________ from heart disease varies widely across the world.

MORTAL

Candida is the most interesting ________________________ in the play.

CHARACTERISE

Any _________________________ of privacy is against the law.

INVADE

She’s had enough of his __________________________ — she’s going to do what she wants to do from now on. SELFISH

The pace of technological _______________________ shows no sign of showing down. INNOVATORY

A ______________________ is an extremely tall strong man, who is often bad and cruel, in children’s stories. GIGANTIC

Rescuers had abandoned all the hope of finding any more _____________________ . SURVIVE

The headmaster will not tolerate bad _____________________.

BEHAVE

Hotel _____________________ have to be tactful when dealing with difficult ____________________. RECEIVE

CUSTOM

The __________________________ of democracy in ancient Greece was one of the most important events in history. EMERGENCY

Retirement can often cause feelings of _____________________.

ISOLATE

I was surprised at her calm ___________________ with which she handled the horse. ASSURE

All ____________________ to the apartment building must be announced.

VISIT

It was only after a great deal of _____________________ that I got a satisfactory answer. PERSIST

To his _____________________________, Gina never turned up at the party. DISAPPOINTED

His _____________________ throughout the affair has been beyond reproach. BEHAVE

Keys.

achievement

occurrence

appreciation, kindness

irritation

mortality

character

invasion

selfishness

innovation

giant

survivors

behavior

receptionists, customers

emergence

isolation

assurance

visitors

persistence

disappointment

behaviour

Источник

Данные задания на слоовообразование в английском языке составлены по материалам пособия «Сборник тестов для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку» (М. Вербицкая, Малколм Манн и др.) и входят в цикл «Английский язык. Подготовка к ЕГЭ. СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ». Задания на словообразование рекомендуется выполнять после изучения теоретического материала, ссылки на который даны перед упражнениями.

Словообразование. Задания в формате ЕГЭ

Содержание:

Задания на суффиксы существительного
Задания на суффиксы и префиксы прилагательного
Задания на суффиксы и префиксы глагола

* * *

Суффиксы существительного

Задание 1. Измените слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию предложения.

ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ.

Слово «лексически» означает, что к слову нужно добавить суффикс или префикс.

Слово «грамматически» означает, что к преобразованному слову, возможно, нужно добавить окончание.

ПРИМЕР. Animal __________ will enjoy the performance. love

Animal lovers will enjoy the performance. — Любители животных получат удовольствие от представления.

Здесь требуется поставить существительное — lover во мн. число, исходя из контекста.

This __________ is passed through the generations. able
Stress is the ___________ with which syllables are pronounced. strong
His ______________led him to discovering a lot of information. curious
This book contains _________of the centuries. wise
This film takes me back to my ____________. child
The ___________of this corridor was surprising. long
It will be disastrous for the ___________. human
I appreciate our ___________. friend
I will die of ____________if I live that long. bored
The __________of her feelings was unexpected for me. warm
The____________is given to particularly bright students. scholar
He was famous for his ___________ . serious
The ___________of this song is incredible. popular
We were surprised at the _________in her speech. differ
It is easy to learn how to do this _________. active
The airplane started to lose __________. high

Задание 2. Form nouns from the words in bold.

The Hercules was famous for his _________ . strong
The ____________of the swimming pool was about 5 meters. wide
I was surprised by the ______________ of the tablecloth. white
The _________of the Tower and the __________ of the walls made it a perfect prison. high, thick
The ___________was delayed by fog for an hour. fly
Giving alive ___________is quite different from performing on a film. perform
Our ___________to predict the weather depends on the information we have. able
Another major ____________is the shape of the ball. different
The __________of the baseball is very great in America. popular
Much of his ________ Chekhov lived in severe poverty. child
The ______of London since then has been incredible. grow
We moved to our new ______________last spring. resident
Many encyclopedias state with __________that the Nile is the longest river in the world. confident
Her acting is closer to __________. real
The story of the dodo`s ___________is one example of man`s effect on the environment. disappear
He had ____________in finding a job. difficult
Each _____________is worth considering. possible

Задание 3. Form nouns from the words in bold.

The ______________ of this building took 20 years from start to finish. construct
Famous __________were held in the Tower. prison
Many _____________come to London each year. visit
Before the ____________of the hot air balloon, no human had ever successfully flown into the air. invent
The first successful __________was in 1783. fly
The ___________of the balloon depends on the wind. direct
The _____________and response of the audience can affect how the actor feels and performs. behave
They want to have the opportunity to do some real _____. act
London is an ideal place nightlife ____________. entertain
Special _____________is used to collect weather data. equip
He never seemed to be interested in ____________. educate
An _______________called Clarence went on an expedition to Canada with his family. explore
He is famous for his finding the __________to the problem. solve
His success was an remarkable_______. achieve
The ____________of its place is unknown. locate
What is your ______________of the performance? impress

Задание 4. Form nouns from the words in bold.

________will find these products on sale in the supermarkets. shop
In New York he became a ____________at drama school. study
The ship left for New York with a crew of seven professional _________. sail
To the crew’s__________ they discovered that nobody was on the island. astonish
Each flag has its additional _____________. mean
Another ___________started at once. argue
Brighton is an ideal place for____________ . relax
There are eleven ___________in each team in cricket. play
They tried to persuade the ______________to introduce new laws. govern
The road __________must be improved. safe
Finding a good job is uneasy without proper ____________. qualify
Many people consider the ____________of moving away. possible
It is necessary to fill the _______________form. apply
The rate of _________________is very high. employ
You have a great _____________. imagine
To our great ___________, it started to rain. disappoint
The better your education is, the less_____________you will have in finding a job. difficult

Суффиксы и префиксы прилагательного

Задание 5. Form adjectives from the words in bold.

Huge ___________dinosaurs used to walk on the Earth. power
There are a lot of ______________courses to improve your skills. train
This private boat carried a cargo of _______________products. commerce
The dodo lived on an island where he had no ___________enemies. nature
There are hundreds of ______________hotels in sunny Brighton. comfort
Enjoy delicious dishes in ____________ restaurants. fashion
Taking part in this attraction can be a bit ______. risk
The story describes the ______________action of people. hero
_________plays are staged on Broadway. vary
The road was in ________________condition. excellence
The _____________method is always in great use. help
My father doesn’t buy _____________newspapers. expense
Who is _______________for making changes in our society? response
The Russians are considered to be very _____________. hospitality
The ______________equipment needs to be checked. electricity
I was impressed by French ______________cuisine. delicacy
She is not self- ________________. confidence
The job will give him more _______________freedom. artist
Paul’s Cathedral is an _________________building. impress
In the old days the only ___________means of transport was the horse. person
The trip was very ______________. benefit
Is your answer _______________ from mine? differ

Задание 6. Form adjectives from the words in bold. Mind the prefix UN-

Two _____________brothers Montgolfier were responsible for designing the first air balloon. France
The design of the balloon was based on ____________________law. science
Some ________________flyers have had an accident. fortunate
The first ________________flight was in 1783. success
You can go on a _______________ride on a horse back. enjoy
He had an ____________________idea. imagine
More ______________visitors can try «The Vampire Ride». adventure
Riding fast high above the park can be a ______________experience . scare
Nature is so ___________________that’s why we cannot forecast more than for a few days. predict
_______ people or things existed in the past are considered to be a part of history. history
____________baseball began in the USA in 1865. profession
In the USA baseball is considered as a __________sport. nation
It will be an ________________experience for me. forget
He started his own business and became ________________. wealth
The bridge was very ________________. use
It has become the place of _______________importance. globe
At first sight it seems _________________. believe
The situation is becoming more __________________. understand
She is a very _________________woman. effect
Everyone fell _____________in the room. silence
It was the most _________________journey I have ever had. please
It is ___________to drive without seatbelt. legal

Задания в формате ЕГЭ. Суффиксы и префиксы глагола

Задание 7. Form verbs from the words in bold.

He _______________ and lay on the bed. dress
He could enter the house because the door was ___________. lock
The usual practice at the History lesson is to ___________texts. tell
The exercise must be ________________. write
Teachers sometimes _____________students. understand
When the child ______________ she was unable to cope with him. behave
The parents ____________ the child to go out late at night. allow
When the days begin to ____________then the cold begins to _____________. long/ strong
They’re trying to _____________our name. black
The snow ____________the mountain tops. white
He was ____________by his family to learn music at a young age. courage
The town is ______________by fortified walls. circle
The route was built to ______________trucks to get around a waterfall. able
No argument can __________a war. just
If you ____________ a substance, you make it pure by removing any dirty substances from it. pure
You have ______________him as an ambitious person. character
His mother rarely___________ him or any of her children. critic
I’m sure Rose will _____________many of us. live

Задание 8. Form verbs from the words in bold.

The symptoms of her illness have____________. appear
The student__________the teacher and did the wrong exercise. hear
Last week the government ______________ the citizens about the political situation in the country. inform
His own mind was ___________and ______________by foreign travel. large/rich
Martin ___________all the people in the area. He died at the age of 101. live
The elderly are usually _______________with the young. satisfy
Nowadays the risk of serious illness has________. less
Do you mean to____________ me? threat
Unfortunately, the cooperation between two countries was _______________. organize
The line was ___________, though not dead. connect
I am very ________________ with you. appoint
The students _______________ the teacher. obey
What does the emblem _______________? symbol
If someone_________a word, they spell it wrongly. spell
Don’t let this ______________ you. courage
He recognized her voice and his face ____________. soft
The men tried to __________ each other in their generosity. do

Готовитесь к ЕГЭ по английскому языку? Читайте далее

ОТВЕТЫ

Здравствуйте! Для получения доступа к ответам необходимо оформить подписку. Ссылка в боковом меню — ОТВЕТЫ.

Источник

Практические приемы в подготовке
обучающихся к ЕГЭ. Лексико-
грамматический аспект.
Словообразование

Автор: Шильцина Антонина Николаевна

Организация: ГБОУ СОШ №1534

Населенный пункт: г. Москва

Словообразование — раздел лингвистики, который занимается изучением способов образования однокоренных слов (дериваций) и их классификацией. В подготовке к единому государственному экзамену словообразование занимает немаловажное место, хотя процентное соотношение, приходящееся на контроль навыков преобразования слов с помощью аффиксов, незначительно. Тем не менее данное учение важно и способствует пониманию текстов, в которых встречаются незнакомые слова, образованные от известных слов. Кроме того, в написании эссе, при подборе слов в устном высказывании умение строить слова очень помогает.

В своей практике я использую несколько приемов отработки словообразовательных навыков, которыми я хочу поделиться.

Прием «Найди общее». Обучающимся предлагается ряд слов. Нужно определить, что объединяет все эти слова.

Например, scientist, translator, politician, driver, waitress, chemist, teacher, plumber, physicist, electrician, actress, florist, lawyer, librarian, doctor.

Первый общий признак – это то, что все слова означают профессии, род деятельности. Затем ребята должны выделить аффиксы, с помощью которых образованы слова.

В данном примере мы можем выделить следующие аффиксы: er/ian/ist/ess.

Далее предлагается вспомнить другие слова с этими суффиксами и заполнить таблицу.

er/or

ian

ist

ess

…

user

maker

actor

…

European

optician

musician

…

pianist

geologist

realist

…

authoress

stewardess

princess

После выполнения заданий целесообразно познакомить с другими суффиксами и привести примеры.

er/or/ar – manager/visitor/burglar/beggar (важно напомнить об удвоении согласной буквы)
an/ian – European/physician
ess – poetess (примечательно то, что в английском языке предусмотрен суффикс женского рода в некоторых случаях)
ant/ent – assistant/correspondent

После того как ребята выполнили упражнения, подводятся итоги. Ученики еще раз перечисляют и систематизируют суффиксы образования существительных, обозначающих род деятельности.

Прием «Образуй слова». Обучающимся предлагается таблица, которую нужно заполнить.

Noun/Adjective	Affix	Noun
orphan	age	?
private	cy	?
convenient	ence	?
child	hood	?
fight	ing	?
express	ion	?
move	ment	?
relation	ship	?
happy	ness	?

Выполнив незатейливое упражнение, обучающиеся узнают, что с помощью суффиксов age, cy, ence, hood, ship, ment и т.д. можно образовать такую часть речи как существительное. Причем в некоторых случаях нужно обратить внимание на изменение согласных или их «потерю». Например, private – privacy, convenient – convenience, happy – happiness. Очень кстати упомянуть такие случаи, как: long – length, strong – strength, где помимо добавления суффикса “th” изменяется гласная в корне.

Следующим этапом может послужить более сложное упражнение, в котором обучающиеся должны либо интуитивно, либо по памяти сделать преобразования, чтобы получилось существительное, и проверить себя по словарю.

Например, pass- …, efficient- …, strong- …, dependent- …, brother- …, friend- …, build- …, educate- …, true- …, kind- …

Аналогичным образом можно отработать суффиксы прилагательных.

Другой способ, который я применяю на практике – «Найди однокоренное слово в тексте».

Тексты, предлагаемые для прочтения в учебнике, содержат слова, которые встречаются в экзаменационных заданиях, поэтому в качестве дополнительного задания к тексту можно попросить учеников найти однокоренные слова к тому или иному слову и объяснить способ образования слова, то есть с помощью какого префикса или суффикса найденное слово было образовано.

Например, отрывок из учебника “Spotlight 7”, module 1, “Teenage Life Swap”.

Задание к тексту. Найдите однокоренные слова к noise, beauty, love. Поясните, от какой части речи было сделано преобразование, с помощью каких суффиксов. Вспомните и запишите по 2 аналогичных примера.

Примерный ответ: 1) noise – noisy, noun – adjective, суффикс -y; fun – funny, rain – rainy. 2) beauty – beautiful, noun – adjective, суффикс -ful; wonder – wonderful, meaning – meaningful. 3) love – lovely, noun – adjective, суффикс -ly; friend – friendly, day – daily.

Еще один из приемов в работе над словообразованием при помощи текста заключается в следующем. Учитель после работы с текстом просит выполнить задание в формате ЕГЭ. В задании используются слова, которые есть в тексте. Например,

1. Yesterday my mother bought me a … puppy.	BEAUTY
2. Look at this painting! It’s really … .	TIRING
3. I think I’ll go to bed earlier. I’m so … .	NOISE
4. You’re so … today! Keep listening to the teacher.	LOVE

В задании для более осознанного запоминания можно поменять местами деривации в левой колонке.

Прием «Словарь дериваций (однокоренных слов)».

Несмотря на то что в процессе подготовки к заключительному экзамену обучающиеся проделывают большое количество упражнений на словообразование, знакомятся с распространенными суффиксами и префиксами, некоторые испытывают затруднения в выполнении преобразований. В этом случае удобно завести в конце тетради так называемый «Словарь дериваций», в который будут записываться однокоренные слова, можно с переводом, можно без перевода.

Например:

expect – expectation – unexpectedly,

extreme – extremely,

success – successful – successfully – unsuccessful(ly),

happy – happiness – unhappy,

politics – politician – political,

strong – strength – strongly,

know – known – well-known – unknown – knowing.

Как видно из примеров, можно сразу включать причастия прошедшего и настоящего времени, поскольку они особенно вызывают затруднения (из моего опыта). Деривации записываются под руководством учителя или самостоятельно в качестве домашнего задания, то есть учитель просит учеников найти и записать деривации к следующим словам – fame, wonder, agree и т.д. В конце месяца или недели, или другого срока можно провести диктант или устный опрос по записанным деривациям.

Прием «Составь аффиксограмму» (авторский термин)

Обучающимся предлагается дополнить ассоциограмму аффиксов, например, к такой части речи, как существительное.

Далее можно предложить вспомнить по 2-3 примера на каждый аффикс. Подобные задания также хорошо проводить в соревновательной форме. Например, чья команда за 30 секунд назовет или напишет больше всего существительных с суффиксом ship или ment. Аналогичным образом отрабатываются суффиксы и префиксы прилагательных и глаголов. Что касается наречий, то тут важно обратить внимание на суффикс “ly”, который ошибочно пытаются добавлять ко всякому прилагательному для образования наречия. Конечно же, нужно сразу сделать некоторые пояснения. Например, для начала попросить выполнить следующее упражнение. Особенностью данного упражнения является то, что не все исходные слова требуют преобразования.

1. Try to go … . It’s good for health.	FAST
2. This task should be done as … as possible.	QUICK
3. “Open your mouth … and say “Ah”, asked the doctor.	WIDE
4. Ann has travelled … abroad.	WIDE
5. Have you been to London … ?	LATE
6. Ann came … for school yesterday.	LATE

Далее целесообразно привести ряд примеров на дифференциацию смысла между наречиями wide – widely, late – lately, high – highly, hard – hardly и др.

Особое место в словообразовании занимают причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени. Очень часто из-за невнимательности экзаменующиеся допускают ошибки в выполнении задания на преобразование исходных слов. Вместо причастия настоящего времени пишут причастие прошедшего времени и наоборот. К тому же обучающиеся часто испытывают трудности в обнаружении причастия как такового. Для того чтобы научить распознавать в тексте причастия, я применяю прием «Найди и подчеркни причастия в тексте в функции определения».

Например, дается для прочтения текст, который взят с этикетки на банке из-под кофе, что, в свою очередь, реализует дидактический принцип связи учебного материала с жизнью.

Natural sublimated instant coffee for real gourmands. Selected beans of noble Arabica give a refined taste and aroma to coffee.

Preparation: add hot and boiling water, sugar and milk to your taste.

Produced and packed by “Grand N.N”

Можно предложить выходные данные с форзаца учебника “English Adventure”.

Material from Walt Disney’s 101 Dalmatians is based on the book “The Hundred and One Dalmatians” by Dodie Smith, published by Viking Press in the United States.

No part of this publication may be reproduced by electronic, photocopying and recording means without written permission of the publishers. Printed in China. Illustrated by Andy Coke.

Важно акцентировать внимание на том, что причастие в предложении, как и прилагательное, отвечает на вопрос «Какой?/Какая?/Какие? и т. д.», но образовано от глагола, как это происходит и в русском языке.

Ребята могут подчеркнуть слово reproduced, хотя в данном контексте оно не является причастием в функции определения, а является причастием прошедшего времени и входит в состав глагольного сказуемого в пассивном залоге (так же, как и слово based). Photocopying и recording могут выступать в роли не только причастий, но и отглагольных существительных, например, если бы предложение было сформулировано по-другому: “No one is allowed to use photocopying or recording of these materials.” Можно привести еще ряд примеров. 1) Reading is my hobby. – The boy reading a book is my friend. 2) I am fond of singing. – I saw three little singing birds next to the window.

В заключение хотелось бы сказать, что словообразование – довольно-таки интересный аспект. Выполнение упражнений на преобразование слов с помощью аффиксов способствует развитию мыслительных способностей, тренирует орфографическую зоркость. Хотелось бы верить, что представленные мной приемы работы над словообразованием в английском языке окажутся полезными для других учителей.

Приложение

Упражнение 1. Распредели слова по следующим категориям: существительное, глагол, наречие, прилагательное. Занеси ответы в таблицу. Некоторые слова могут быть отнесены к двум категориям.

excitement, proficiency, lovely, relaxed, singing, widely, exciting, unpredictable, impatience, approval, misfortune, childish, silly, underestimate, employee, economize, revision, relaxing, stressed, reading, wisdom, truth, widen, notify, occasionally

Ответ:

Существительные – excitement, proficiency, singing, impatience, approval, misfortune, employee, revision, reading, wisdom, truth.

Прилагательные – lovely, exciting, unpredictable, childish, silly.

Глаголы – underestimate, economize, notify, widen.

Наречия – widely, occasionally.

Причастия – relaxed, singing, relaxing, stressed, reading.

Упражнение 2. Найди лишнее слово, объясни выбор.

decision, payment, house, building, creativity;
cloudy, funny, belly, foggy, dirty;
lovely, actually, secretly, bravely, badly;
displeasure, misfortune, unpopular, rebuild, incorrect;
fantastic, marvelous, remarkable, nasty, wonderful;
poetess, politician, waiter, scientist, housewife.

Ответ:

1. house, 2. belly, 3. lovely, 4. rebuild, 5. nasty, 6. housewife

Упражнение 3. Закончи ряд слов, дописав необходимый суффикс для образования требуемой части речи. Пример в начале предложения подскажет, какую именно часть речи необходимо получить. В некоторых случаях может быть более одного производного слова.

1. remark – remarkable, fame – famous, wonder – …, stress – …, courage – …, cloud – …, occasion – …, child – …, history – …, impress – …

2. wide – width, lazy – laziness, create – …, deliver – …, expect – …,
efficient – …, wise – …, wait – …, strong – …

3. bad – badly, quick – …, clock – …, back – …, accident – …, happy – …

4. wide – widen, strong – …, note – …, summary – …, weak – …, active – …

Ответ:

1. remarkable, famous, wonderful, stressful, courageous, cloudy, occasional, childish, historic/historical, impressive;

2. width, laziness, creature/creativity/creation, delivery, expectation, efficiency, wisdom, waiter/waitress, strength;

3. badly, quickly, clockwise, backward, accidentally, happily;

4. widen, strengthen, notify, summarize/summarise, weaken, activate.

Упражнение 4. Преобразуй исходное слово справа в нужную часть речи.

1. I don’t know who is the … of this book. But I know for sure that it must be a woman.	OWN
2. I have never been interested in …, but this article impressed me greatly.	POLITICIAN
3. The Amish family is a kind of … that has its own rules.	BELIEVE
4. Ancient centuries are known for … and territory invasions.	SLAVE
5. The president couldn’t give … arguments for passing this unfair law.	REASON
6. I have never thought of these results. They are very … .	COMMON
7. The … is a very hard work. Not everyone is able to do it.	PRESIDENT

Ответ:

1. owner, 2. politics, 3. belief, 4. slavery, 5. reasonable, 6. uncommon, 7. presidency

Упражнение 5. Преобразуй исходное слово справа в нужную часть речи. Исходные слова справа находятся не по порядку.

1. Nowadays we can see a … competition between commercial companies.	ELECTION
2. It is not important what … you are in the modern civilized … .	SOCIAL
3. B. Yeltsin was the first … president in Russia.	LEADER
4. Because of the laziness Robert soon lost his … position.	NATION
5. The … of America is always trying to capture economical superiority over other countries.	VIOLENCE
6. Many people watch Napoleon’s … procession in the streets of Paris under Triumphal Arch.	VICTORY
	GOVERN

Ответ:

1. violent, 2. nationality, society, 3. elected, 4. leading, 5. government, 6. victorious Пример ведения списка типичных однокоренных слов

pleasant – unpleasant – pleasure – pleased

education – educational – educate

grow – growth

appear – appearance – disappear

solve – solution

frequent – frequency – frequently

perform – performance – performer

differ – difference – different

engage – engagement

know – knowledge

necessary – necessity – necessarily – unnecessary

forget – forgetful – forgetfulness – unforgettable

found – founder – foundation

expect – expectation – unexpectedly

surround – surroundings

regular – regularity – regularly – irregular

improve – improvement

govern – governor – government

economy – economical – economy (economics) – economize

complain – complaint

find – findings

dramatic – drama – dramatically – dramatize

major – majority

responsible – responsibility – irresponsible

health – healthy

obese – obesity

globe – global – globalization

popular – popularity – popularize – unpopular

populate – population – overpopulated

prepare – preparation – preparatory

arrange – arrangement

possible – possibility – possibly – impossible

impress – impression – impressive

value – valuation – valuable

local – locate – location – locally

organize – organization

wonder – wonderful – wonderfully

inform – information – informative

attract – attraction – attractive – attractively

tradition – traditional – traditionally

success – successful – successfully – unsuccessfully

begin – beginning

friend – friendly – unfriendly – friendship

taste – tasteful – tasty – tasteless

happy – happiness – unhappy – happily

beauty – beautiful – beautifully

danger – dangerous – dangerously – endangered

report – reporter – reportage

real – reality – really – unreal

nerve – nervous – nervously

care – careful – careless – caring

travel – traveller – travelling

fame – famous – infamous

peace – peaceful – peacefully

France – French

Greece – Greek

fool – foolish – foolishly

slave – slavery

wise – wisdom, free – freedom

argue – argument – arguable – argumentation

skill – skillful – unskillful – unskilled

conclude – conclusion

final – finally

true – truly – truth – truthfulness – truthful

wealth – wealthy

compete – competition – competitive – competitor

initial – initially – initiative

champion – championship

renew – renewal – renewable

develop – development – developed

pessimist – pessimistically – pessimistic – pessimism

fog – foggy

tragedy – tragically

navigate – navigation – navigator

nation – nationality – national – international

Список литературы и интернет-ресурсов

1. Кубрякова Е.С. Типы языковых значений. Семантика производного слова. – М.: Наука, 1981. – 199 с.

2. Реформаторский А.А. Введение в языковедение: Учебник для вузов. – М.: Аспект Пресс, 2004. – 536 с.

3. Варламова В.Н. Английский язык. Словообразование в современном английском языке: Учебное пособие. [Электронный ресурс] – Режим доступа: https://elib.spbstu.ru/dl/2/s18-127.pdf/view (дата обращения: 01.06.2020)

4. Суффиксы в английском языке: 40 самых распространенных суффиксов. [Электронный ресурс] – Режим доступа: https://rb.gy/rzowze (дата обращения: 01.06.2020)

5. Языкознание. Энциклопедия языкознания. [Электронный ресурс] – Режим доступа: https://jazykoznanie.ru/168/ (дата обращения: 28.05.2020)

Приложения:

file0.doc.. 580,0 КБ

Опубликовано: 19.06.2020

Источник

The Kiev Prince Vladimir Monomach founded the ancient city of Vladimir in 1108 by. The city contains an important group of monuments. The Cathedral of the Assumption was intended to be the (1) ______________ center of all Russia.	RELIGION
It was built in the town Kremlin as a single-domed structure with the faсade (2) __________ for its carved reliefs.	REMARK
Most of the 12th-century frescoes were destroyed by Mongols, but new mural (3) ____________ were added in 1408 by Andrei Rublev and Daniil Chemii, in particular the famous Last Judgment.	PAINT
Suzdal, which lies some 25 km north of Vladimir, was the site of a (4) ____________ in the 9th and 10th centuries, which became a fortress. A posad, which was housing craftsmen and shopkeepers, developed around it.	SETTLE
Within, dominating the whole town stands the Cathedral of the Nativity with its five-domed top and Golden Doors. The interior (5) ________________ is important in Russian art.	DECORATE
The buildings in Vladimir and Suzdal have been the center of (6) _____________ tourism for several decades and a good deal of restoration has been carried out.	CULTURE

Bangkok is known as the “Venice of the East”. Today, many of the canals have been filled in and paved over to make room for roads, but a massive network of waterways still crosses the city. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Bangkok experienced (1) ____________ influence.	EUROPE
As a result, the city (2) ____________ shifted to a road-based transport system.	SLOW
Over the last decade, Bangkok has evolved from a humid riverside city into a modern, rapidly growing Asian (3) ___________ center. Business travelers will appreciate the city’s growth in public transportation and its world-class airport	COMMERCE
The Suvamabhumi Airport, which is located 25km east of the city center, contributed greatly to Bangkok’s (4) _____________.	DEVELOP
A modern, convenient elevated rail link connects the airport to the city in 30 minutes, helping (5) ________ avoid traffic jams.	VISIT
The city’s modern public transportation system is a (6) __________ of sky trains and underground subways. It has transformed the bustling city center into a futuristic district of street-level roads, elevated roads and sky trains.	COMBINE

Writing has been the center of civilization for centuries. Most of our important records are on paper. In fact, putting thoughts down in written form wasn’t always easy or ______________	PRACTICE
Early people discovered that they could make simple ___________ the walls of caves.	DRAW
__________________ , they couldn’t transport it.	FORTUNATE
Around 4000 B.C., people started scratching messages into heavy clay tablets. Although this form of written _____________ was now portable, it still was very heavy.	COMMUNICATE
For centuries, people tried to discover better surfaces on which to record their thoughts. Almost everything _______________ was tried. Wood, stone, ceramics, cloth, bark, metal, silk, bamboo, and tree leaves were all used as a writing surface at one time or another.	IMAGINE
No major changes in writing materials were to come for about 3,000 years. A Chinese man named Ts’ai Lun Ts’ai Lun, discovered a way to make paper. The importance of this _____________ is hard to overestimate.	INVENT

Ответы к упражнениям для подготовки к ЕГЭ.

УПР. 1

Religious,
remarkable, paintings, settlement, decoration, cultural

УПР. 2

European,
slowly, commercial, development, visitors, combination

УПР. 3

Successful,
practically, business, popularity, relationship, traditional

УПР. 4

Practical,
drawings, unfortunately, communication, imaginable, invention

Источник

Ex. 1. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса —ment. Переведите на русский язык:

to develop, to achieve, to move, to arrange, to treat, to state, to improve, to agree, to equip, to govern, to require, to measure, to announce, to pave, to amuse, to argue, to advertise, to invest;

Ex.2. Составьте из предложенных слов существительные с помощью суффиксов —ness, —ship, —ment. Используйте полученные слова в предложениях.

relation , member, agree , appoint, champion, enjoy, good, excite, friend, entertain, happy, lazy, manage, amuse, partner, retire, sad, scholar, lonely ,develop;

1. The world football ______ will take place in 2 years.
2. I can’t approve of ______ in people, we should always move forward.
3. Jill couldn’t describe her ______ when she heard the jury call out her name.
4. They are very proud of their _____, they have been friends for more than twenty years.
5. Little puppies and kittens are a constant source of ______ to us.
6. We hope the close ______ between the two countries will continue.
7. Samuel is one of the best students, he receives a_______.
8. Mr. Temple took _______ at the age of 69.
9. Our sports club is very popular, we have a_________ of 560 people.

10. I’d like to make an________with the doctor.

11. He doesn’t get any real _________from dancing.

12. There was great ________among people as they waited for the president to arrive.

13. Sit down and be quiet, for ________sake!

14. A jazz band provided the_________.

15. Ann’s childhood was full of pain and ______________.

16. In this company we have a new approach to ___________.

17. She suffers from___________.

18. There is a close________ between poverty and crime.

19. We encourage our staff in their ________of new skills.

20. Many countries signed an________to cut air pollution.

Ex. 3. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса -еr или —or. Переведите на русский язык:

to lead, to write, to investigate, to visit, to speak, to sleep, to act, to direct, to conduct, to drive, to fight, to report, to sing, to skate, to swim, to teach, to travel, to sail, to invent, to found, to compose, to run.

Ex.4. Образуйте от данных слов существительные с помощью суффикса —ty. Переведите на русский язык:

popular, national, creative, able, responsible, real, possible, poor;

Ex. 5. Образуйте от данных слов существительные с помощью суффиксов

—ist, —ism, —ian. Переведите на русский язык:

special, social, art, capital, economy, international, piano, technic,

mathematics, statistics, politics, music, electric, Russia, Hungary, Canada, India, library;

Ex.6. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффиксов –ance, —ence. Переведите на русский язык:

to appear, to differ, to prefer, to occur, to attend, to enter, to maintain,

to obey, to perform, to allow, to accept, to exist;

Ex.7. Образуйте существительные от разных частей речи, используя суффиксы –hood , -ence, -ency, -ness, -al , -(er)y, -ment , -ism, -ity, -age

Example : I decided this. It was my decision.

Some people are lonely. Some people suffer from_________.
Jill’s a socialist. She believes in__________.
Hurray! We all agree. Hurray! We have come to an __________.
When I was a child, I was very happy. In my ____________ I was very happy.
Two children are absent. Who can explain their_________.
Be more efficient. Improve your _________.
Don’t be so curious. Control your _____________.
They got married. I don’t know anything about their___________.
Ann refused to help them. Her __________was final.
Who discovered this? Who made this____________.

Ex. 8. Образуйте глаголы с помощью суффикса – en. Переведие полученные глаголы на русский язык.

red, soft, deep, short, dark, bright, weak, length, strong, broad, wide;

Ex. 9. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов —ful и —less, переведите их на русский язык:

beauty, thank, hope, doubt, help, use, care, cheer, aim, shape, fruit, power, thought, harm, colour, success;

Ex. 10. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов —able, — ible. Переведите их на русский язык:

change, prevent, vision, compare, desire, profit, read, comfort, bear, flex, fashion, forget, eat, drink.

Ex.11. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксa —ous, Переведите их на русский язык:

fame, nerve, danger, adventure, poison, marvel, courage, luxury, vary, ridicule, humour, industry;

Ex.12. Образуйте прилагательные от существительных при помощи следующих суффиксов: —al, —ful, —ous, -у, —able, —ic, —less, —ish.

reason, history, hope, doubt, care, aim, use, desire, success, heart, experiment, office, sun, danger, fame, electron, base, nature, cloud, rain, child, Scott, home;

Ex. 13. Образуйте наречия с помощью суффикса —ly и переведите их:

personal, first, part, quick, strong, short, silent, rapid, wide, extreme, cruel, kind, happy, beautiful, careful, angry, cheerful, usual, recent.

Ex. 14. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов — ous, —al, —ic, —ful , используйте полученные слова в предложениях

athlete , centre, danger, drama, education, environment, experiment, harm ,poison , science, tradition, use;

1. It’s very _______ for health to have a well -balanced diet and regular exercise.
2. Kilt is a ________ Scottish skirt made of tartan, a special material.
3. Smoking is ________ for health.
4. Some mushrooms can be _________.
5. Ronald goes in for sports, he is a tall and very ___________ man.
6. The laboratory carries out an important _____research.(science)
7. The writer described these_________ events in his last novel.
8. The students are involved in the ___________work (experiment) in the field of Physics.
9. Green house gases are __________ for the ozone layer.
10. I think the new ___________ programme will be very effective in schooling.

11. They lived in the _________part of the city.

12. Pollution is one of the most serious ____________problems.

Ex. 15. Распределите следующие слова по их принадлежности к соответствующей части речи, выделите словообразующие приставки и суффиксы.

harmful, movement, waterless, attraction, shortage, slowly, enclose, displace, keeper, passage, difference, industrial, assistant, freedom, ability, measurable, popularity, freedom, beginner, buyer, shortage, wisdom, conductor, specific, beautiful, reality, active, famous, classify, starter, shorten, weightless, flatness, simplify, impossible, reconstruct, helpful, misunderstand, poisonous, evidently, disagree, encourage, fashionable, extraordinary, unluckily, logical, significant, unhappy, logistic, organize, pressure, extremely, lengthen, demonstration, destruction, powerless, brotherhood, partnership, overcook, disorder, prehistoric, childish;

nouns	movement
verbs	enclose
adjective	harmful
adverb	slowly

Ex 16. Выберите глагол с отрицательным значением и вставьте его в соответствующее предложение. Поставьте глаголы в нужную грамматическую форму.

disapprove, dislike, unwrap, mislead, disagree, disqualify, disprove, untie, unload, disconnect, misbehave;

Example : John is widely disliked in this neibourhood.

If a child___ ______it means that he behaves badly and annoys or upsets people.
There was no intention ________the public.

3. She strongly ______________ of cheating.

4. Some sportsmen _______________ after a blood test.

5. All children like _______________ parcels at Christmas time.

6. Teenagers and their parents often _____________.

7. They were sure he was lying but it was hard _________ his story.

8. He learnt _____his shoes.

9. It took them almost an hour _____________the things from the van.

10. My phone ______________ because I didn’t pay my last bill.

Ex.17. Образуйте глаголы с отрицательным значением, используя префиксы

—mis, —dis. Переведите полученные слова на русский язык.

to understand, to approve, to appear, to satisfy, to lead, to connect, to organize, to obey, to behave, to appoint, to associate, to prove, to take;

Ex.18. Образуйте прилагательные, используя префиксы –il, —im, —ir, —un, —dis Переведите полученные прилагательные на русский язык.

comfortable, possible, legal, regular, honest, active, capable, fortunate, secure, correct, certain, valuable, reasonable, qualified, responsible, employed, effective, attractive, expensive, famous, informative, personal, polite, literate, similar, obedient, kind;

Тренировочные тесты по словообразованию.

I. Nearly 90% of ___________(Canada) live within 200 km of the border with the USA, which means that Canada contain vast expanses of____________(wild) to the North. The ________(relation) to its _____________(power) neighbour is a major defining factor for Canada. The US and Canada have the world’s largest_______(trade) relationship.The North American Trade__________(agree), involving Canada, the US and Mexico, has brought a trade boom for Canada.

II. In the 1990s Franco-___________(Germany) _____________(cooperate) was __________(centre) to European __________(integrate). Ties saw a period of some strain at the _________(begin) of the new millennium as a result of ___________(different) over farm subsidies and the ________(policy) in the future of the EU. However, the two countries again proclaimed the bond between them in early 2003 when they celebrated the anniversary of a _________(war) ___________(friend) treaty. This bond further __________(strength) as they joined with Russia to voice __________(strength) opposition to the US-led war with Iraq.

III. The first _________(impress) I got on arriving at my native village was the _______(hot) , that was ________(bear). The people who were waiting to meet at the railway station were all __________(friend). My grandfather looked like my father whose hair __________(recent) started to grey. The village itself which was a three-hour journey from the railway station was ________(simple) stunning.

IV. After the first day she complained that the weather was cold , living conditions were _______(terror) and the people were _________(friend). She wondered why it was always seemed to be _____________(darkness) and if the________(Britain) ever saw the sunshine. In her letter she says she feels_________(excite) to study drama at the university but she finds ________(society) life a bit __________(bore). She wrote that she had made some friends with some _____(Russia). We were ________(please) to hear this and wrote her that it was the best way of not feeling lonely.

V. There is a lot __________(employ) nowadays so it’s getting more and more _________(difficulty) to get the job you _________(real) want. You have to make a _________(decide) what is more __________(importance) for you – good salary or job________(satisfy).

VI. ________(teach) are finding it_________(increase) difficult to control classes of young pupils nowadays. The _________(evident) from the 100 schools which were involved in the study is not _________(encourage). Teachers feel ________(disappoint) not only by the student’s results but by the _________(worry) increase in the ____________(violence) __________(behave) in the class.

VII. Athens is getting more and more _________( attract) to _________(tour). Although the city is big and _______( noise) visitors can still find a lot of quiet places with a ________(romance) atmosphere to enjoy a ________(taste) Greek meal and listen to _________(tradition) music.

VIII. Language is a system of __________(communicate) that consists of sounds and _______(write) symbols. But we can also communicate in other ways by using

________(face) _______(express), our tone of voice and even our body. In many situations non-_________(verb) communication can reveal more _______(accurate) what person is feeling.

IX. Since ancient times, people have practiced the art of physiognomy reading character from physical features. The ancient Greeks compared the human face to _________(vary) animals and birds, such as the eagle and the horse. They believed people shared certain character traits with the animals they resembled. The ___________(personality) with a horse-like face was thought to be _________(loyalty) , ____________(bravery). A person with an eagle-like nose was believed to be bold and ____________(courage).

_______________(science) study such features as the shape of the head, the ________(long) and the ___________(thick) of the nose, mouth, eyes and chin. They believe that round-faced people are _____________(self-confidence). Prominent cheek- bones show the __________(strong) of character while a pointed nose reveals ___________(curious). Heavy, arched eyebrows belong to a ____________(decide) individual while thin, arched eyebrows signal a _____________( no rest) and _____________(act) ___________(person). Almond-shaped eyes belong to __________(dream). Down-turned lips reveal a ___________(pride) character while a long, pointed chin indicates someone who likes to give orders.

X. It’s important to make a good________(impress) when going for a job interview. __________(interview) usually ask a __________(various) of questions, many of which concern_________(qualify). However, they also usually like to ask questions about previous ___________(occupy) as well as _____________(achieve) not connected to the work place. Often, the _________(success) candidate isn’t the one with the most__________(impress) _________(educate) but the one who shoes that he or she has made the most _______(effect) use of their time. Few employers want employees who are _______(able) to think for themselves. The_________(possible) of advancement in any job very ______(rare) depends on the __________(accurate) of work but more on the _______(enthusiastic) and ________(dedicate) of the __________(employ).

Ключи к тренировочным тестам.

I.Сanadians

wildness

relationship

powerful

trading

agreement

II. German

cooperation

central

integration

beginning

differences

political

postwar

friendship

strengthened

strong

III.impression

heat

unbearable

incredibly

friendly

recently

simply

IV.terrible

unfriendly

dark

British

excited

social

boring

Russians

Pleased

difficult

really

decision

important

satisfaction

VI.teachers

increasingly

evidence

encouraging

disappointed

worrying

violent

behavior

VII. attractive

tourists

noisy

romantic

tasty

traditional

VIII. communication

written

facial

expressions

verbal

accurately

IX. various

person

loyal

brave

courageous

scientists

length

thickness

decisive

restless

active

personality

dreamers

proud

X. impression

interviewers

variety

qualifications

occupations

achievements

successful

impressive

education

effective

unable

possibility

rarely

accuracy

enthusiasm

dedication

employee

Литература.

“Macmillan English Dictionary”

M.Mann, S.Taylore-Knowles “Grammar and Vocabulary”.

В.А. Миловидов “Английский язык, Полный справочник для подготовки к ЕГЭ”, Москва, “Астрель”, 2009

Источник

Общая информация

Задания 26 – 31

Лайфхаки

Пример из демоверсии 2023

Советы по подготовке

Словообразование. Задания в формате ЕГЭ

Суффиксы существительного

Суффиксы и префиксы прилагательного

Задания в формате ЕГЭ. Суффиксы и префиксы глагола

Практические приемы в подготовке обучающихся к ЕГЭ. Лексико- грамматический аспект. Словообразование

Опубликовано: 19.06.2020

Практические приемы в подготовке
обучающихся к ЕГЭ. Лексико-
грамматический аспект.
Словообразование