Сочинение на английском языке биография уильяма шекспира

Дорогой ученик! В этом материале подготовлена биография Уильяма Шекспира. Под английским текстом есть перевод на русский язык.

William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world’s greatest dramatist. Shakespeare is often called England’s national poet and the Bard of Avon.

Early years

He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564. His parents, John Shakespeare and Mary Arden, lost two daughters as infants. William became their eldest child. They had eight children in total.

His father worked as a glove-maker, but he also became an important figure in the town of Stratford by fulfilling civic positions. His mother Mary was the daughter of a landowner. William Shakespeare attended the local grammar school.

At the age of 18, in November 1582, he married Anne Hathaway, daughter of a local farmer. She was 26. They had three children, Susanna, Hamnet and Judith. Hamnet, the only son of William Shakespeare, died at the age of 11.

Life in London

Later Shakespeare moved to London. He lived and worked in this city for many years. His troupe was among the leading playing companies in London.

In 1599 a theatre was built on the south bank of the River Thames. It was named the Globe. This was the theatre where Shakespeare’s company performed. Work at the theatre made Shakespeare a wealthy person. He was not only a playwright, he also took part in theatrical performances.

During his time in the company Shakespeare wrote many of his most famous tragedies, such as King Lear and Macbeth, as well as great romances, like The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest.

Last years

Biographers believe that Shakespeare spent his last years in Stratford. He died on 23 April 1616, at the age of 52. The exact cause of Shakespeare’s death is unknown.

Shakespeare’s works

Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, Hamlet, Macbeth are widely regarded as masterpieces of world literature. Apart from that he wrote 154 sonnets.

William Shakespeare greatly influenced theatre, literature, cinema, and the English language. He continues to be one of the most important literary figures of the English language.

Перевод на русский язык

Уильям Шекспир был известным английским поэтом, драматургом и актером. Он широко известен как величайший англоязычный писатель и величайший драматург в мире. Шекспира часто называют национальным поэтом Англии и Бардом с Эйвона.

Ранние годы

Он родился в 1564 году в городе Стратфорд-апон-Эйвон. Его родители, Джон Шекспир и Мэри Арден, потеряли двух дочерей в младенчестве. Уильям стал их старшим ребенком. Всего у них было восемь детей.

Джон Шекспир работал перчаточником, но он также стал важной фигурой в городе Стратфорд, занимая гражданские должности. Его мать Мэри была дочерью землевладельца. Уильям Шекспир учился в местной грамматической школе.

В возрасте 18 лет, в ноябре 1582 года, он женился на Энн Хэтэуэй, дочери местного фермера. Ей было 26 лет. У них было трое детей: Сьюзен, Хемнет и Джудит. Хемнет, единственный сын Уильяма Шекспира, умер в 11 лет.

Жизнь в Лондоне

Позже Шекспир переехал в Лондон. Он много лет жил и работал в этом городе. Его труппа была одной из лучших в Лондоне.

В 1599 году на южном берегу Темзы был построен театр. Его назвали «Глобус». В этом театре выступала труппа Шекспира. Работа в театре сделала Шекспира состоятельным человеком. Он был не только драматургом, он также участвовал в театральных представлениях.

Работая в труппе, Шекспир написал множество своих самых известных трагедий, таких как «Король Лир» и «Макбет», а также такие великие пьесы, как «Зимняя сказка» и «Буря».

Последние годы

Биографы полагают, что Шекспир провел свои последние годы в Стратфорде. Он умер 23 апреля 1616 года в возрасте 52 лет. Точная причина смерти Шекспира неизвестна.

Творчество Шекспира

Шекспировские «Ромео и Джульетта», «Отелло», «Король Лир», «Гамлет», «Макбет» по праву считаются шедеврами мировой литературы. Кроме того, он написал 154 сонета.

Уильям Шекспир оказал большое влияние на театр, литературу, кинематограф и английский язык. Он продолжает оставаться одним из самых важных англоязычных литературных деятелей.

Биография Уильяма Шекспира

Early years

William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright and actor.
He was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His father, John Shakespeare, was a
successful artisan. William was the third child in the family. His parents had
eight children in total. William Shakespeare went to Stratford grammar school.

In 1582 Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway, who was the daughter
of the local landowner. At that time Shakespeare was 18 years old and Anne was
8 years older than him. In 1583 Anne gave birth to their daughter Susanna. In
1585 the couple had twins – son Hamnet and daughter Judith. Unfortunately,
Hamnet, the only son of William Shakespeare, died at the age of 11.

Life in
London

Later Shakespeare moved to London. He lived and worked in this
city for many years. During that time Shakespeare wrote most of his plays and
became a successful playwright. His troupe was among the leading playing
companies in London.

In 1599 a theatre was built on the south bank of the River Thames.
It was named the Globe. This was the theatre where Shakespeare’s company
performed. Work at the theatre made Shakespeare a wealthy person. He was not
only a playwright, he also took part in theatrical performances.

Later years

Several years before his death Shakespeare moved to
Stratford. He died on 23 April 1616. Some research shows that at the end
of his life he was in poor health.

Shakespeare’s
works

Among his works there are such masterpieces of the world
literature as «Romeo and Juliet», «A midsummer night’s
dream», «Othello», «King Lear», «Hamlet» and
many others. Apart from that Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets. 

William Shakespeare’s influence extends from theatre
and literature to present-day movies, Western philosophy, and the English
language itself.

Ранние годы

Уильям Шекспир был английским поэтом, драматургом и актером. Он
родился в 1564 году в городе Стратфорд-апон-Эйвон. Его отец, Джон Шекспир, был
успешным ремесленником. Уильям был третьим ребенком в семье. Всего у его
родителей было восемь детей. Уильям Шекспир посещал стратфордскую
грамматическую школу.

В 1582 году Шекспир женился на Энн Хатауэй, дочери местного
землевладельца. На тот момент Шекспиру было 18 лет, а Энн была на 8 лет старше
его. В 1583 году Энн родила дочь Сьюзен. В 1585 году у пары родилась двойня –
сын Хэмнет и дочь Джудит. К сожалению, Хэмнет, единственный сын Уильяма
Шекспира, умер в 11 лет.

Жизнь в
Лондоне

Позже Шекспир переехал в Лондон. Он много лет жил и работал в
этом городе. В то время Шекспир написал большинство своих произведений и стал
успешным драматургом. Его труппа была одной из лучших в Лондоне.

В 1599 году на южном берегу Темзы был построен театр. Его
назвали «Глобус». В этом театре выступала труппа Шекспира. Работа в
театре сделала Шекспира состоятельным человеком. Он был не только драматургом,
он также принимал участие в театральных представлениях. 

Последние
годы

За несколько лет до своей смерти Шекспир переехал в Стратфорд.
Он умер 23 апреля 1616 года. Некоторые исследования свидетельствуют о том, что
в конце жизни Шекспир болел.

Творчество
Шекспира

Среди его работ – такие шедевры мировой литературы, как
«Ромео и Джульетта», «Сон в летнюю ночь»,
«Отелло», «Король Лир», «Гамлет» и многие другие.
Кроме того, Шекспир написал 154 сонета. 

Влияние работ Уильяма Шекспира огромно: от театра и литературы
до современного кинематографа, западной философии и английского языка в целом.

William Shakespeare is one of the most famous and certainly the greatest English writers. The author of “Hamlet and “Othello” was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. Young Shakespeare got a classical education and got married at the age of 18. His wife was a local girl, Anne Hathaway, who gave birth to their 3 children.

Nobody knew William Shakespeare before 1592 when he appeared in London as a playwriter. His first play was called «Titus Andronicus» after which he continued writing and created plays on historical themes, comedies and also wrote his first tragedy “Romeo and Juliet”.

During the first decade of the XVII Shakespear turned to tragedies and created his greatest ones: «Hamlet» «Othello» «Macbeth» and «King Lear». All of them had a great success. Moreover, William was an amazing poet known for his sonnets which are the poems consisting of 14 lines with a moral at the end. All his works deal with themes of love, friendship, death, change and immortality and often contain great philosophical ideas.

Shakespeare’s major activity was related to drama. He became a full shareholder in his acting company and was a co-owner of «the Globe» and «the Blackfriars» theatres. “The Globe” theatre was and still is one of the best theatres in the world. Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616 but his works are still read and performed on stage or adapted into films.

Перевод:

Уильям Шекспир – один из самых знаменитых и, несомненно, великих английских писателей. Автор «Гамлета» и «Отелло» родился в 1564 году в Стратфорд-он-Эйвон. Молодой Шекспир получил классическое образование и женился в возрасте 18 лет. Его женой  была провинциальная девушка, Энн Хэтуэй, которая родила ему 3 детей.

Никто не знал об Уильяме Шекспире до 1592 года, когда он проявил себя в Лондоне в качестве драматурга. Его первая пьеса называлась «Тит Андро́ник», после которой он продолжил писать и создавал исторические пьесы, комедии и свою первую трагедию «Ромео и Джульетта».

В первом десятилетии 17 века Шекспир обратился к трагедии и создал свои лучшие пьесы: «Гамлет», «Отелло», «Макбет» и «Король Лир». Все они имели огромный успех. Более того, Уильям был удивительным поэтом, известным своими сонетами (стихотворения, состоящие из 14 строк и завершающиеся моралью). Все его работы освещали темы любви, дружбы, смерти, перемены и бессмертия и часто содержали философские идеи.

Основная часть творчества Шекспира была связана с драмой. Он стал полноправным акционером в своей актерской труппе и был совладельцем театров  «Глобус» и «Блэкфраерс». Театр «Глобус» был и до сих пор остается одним из лучших театров в мире. Шекспир умер в апреле 1616 года, но его работы по сей день читаются, показываются на сцене и по ним снимают фильмы.

Интересные выражения и слова:

local girl – провинциальная девушка

playwriter – драматург

play – пьеса

to turn to – приниматься/браться за…

to deal with – иметь дело с…, касаться

immortality – бессмертие

shareholder – акционер

co-owner – совладелец

Готовишься к ОГЭ или ЕГЭ?

• Тренажер ОГЭ и
• тренажер ЕГЭ

будут тебе в помощь!  Удачи!

William Shakespeare is the greatest of all playwrights and poets of all times. Not much is known of his life. He was probably the son of a businessman and was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. He probably attended the local grammar school and got a classical education. In 1582 he married Anne Hathaway and had 3 children. Little is known of his life before 1592, when he appeared as a playwright in London. Soon he became an actor playing supporting roles like the ghost in «Hamlet». In 1599 Shakespeare became a part owner of the Globe Theatre in London.

Shakespeare’s work as a playwright is subdivided into 3 periods. Written in the first period, Shakespeare’s plays are mostly history plays like «Henry VI», and comedies with strong elements of farce. His masterpiece of this period is «Romeo and Juliet».

In the second period Shakespeare wrote a number of comedies where he moved away from farce towards romance. In the third period, after 1600, appeared his major tragedies — «Hamlet», «Othello». They presented a clear opposition of order to chaos, good to evil.

Shakespeare was a great poet and would be well known for his poetry alone. His major achievement as a poet is his sonnets, first published in 1609. A sonnet is a poem consisting of 14 lines, with a moral at the end. The sonnets are addressed to some «W.H.», and to mysterious «Dark Lady of Sonnets». The sonnets deal with the great themes of love, friendship, death, change and immortality. Shakespeare looks at his own poetry as a means of immortality. Shakespeare’s sonnets are excellent. They are full of harmony and music; they praise love, friendship and beauty, though there is no sentimentality in them.

Shakespeare’s poetry is at the summit of human achievement. Many centuries have passed since his death in 1616, but Shakespeare is still considered to be the greatest of all playwrights and poets.

2. Life of Shakespeare.

The great poet and dramatist William Shakespeare is often called by his people «Our National Bard», «The Immortal Poet of Nature» and «The Great Unknown». More than two hundred contemporary references to Shakespeare have been located amoung church records, legal records, documents in the Public Record Office, and miscellaneous repositories. When these owe assembled, we have at least the skeleton out line of his life, begining with his baptist on April 26, 1564, in Trinity Church, Stratford-on-Avon, and ending with his burial there on April 25, 1616. Shakespeare’s native place was Sratford-on-Avon, a little town in Warwickshire, which is generally described as being in the middle of England.

Shakespeare’s father, John, was a prosperous glove maker of Stratford who, after holding minor municipal offices, was elected high bailiff of Stratford. Shakespeare’s mother Mary Arden, came from an affluent family of landowners.

Shakespeare probably recieved his early education at the exellent Stratford Grammar School, supervised by an Oxford graduate, where he would have learned Latin smattering of Greek. In 1582 Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway, who lived in a neighboring hamlet. The first child born to Ann and William was their daughter Susanna. In about two years Ann bore him twins a boy and a girl, Hamlet and Jidith.

Then life in Stratford became intolerable for William Shakespeare and he decided to go to London and begin a theatrical career. Shakespeare’s major activity lays in the field of drama. He became a full shareholder in his acting company, he was co-owner of «the Globe» theatre and later of «the Blackfriars» theatre, and in 1597 he purchased property in Strarford, including one of the largest houses in the town. He probably retired about 1610, travelling to London when necessary to take care of his theatrical business. In all, 154 sonnets were written. The sonnets were probably created in the 1590 but were first published in 1609.

3. Shakespeare’s works.

Shakespeare’s literary work is usually divided into three periods. The first period of his creative work falls between 1590 and 1600. Shakespeare’s comedies belong to the first period of his creative work. They all are written in his playful manner and and in the brilliant poetry that conveys the spectator to Italy. Some of the first plays of the first period are: «Richard III» (1592), «The Comedy of Errors» (1592), «Romeo and Juliet» (1594), «Julius Caesar» (1599), «As You Like It» (1599), 1600 — «The Twelth Night». Shakespeare’s poems are also attributed to the first period, «Venus and Adonis» and «Lucrece», and 154 sonnets. «Venus and Adonis» was the first of Shakespeare’s works that came off the press. The second period of Shakespeare’s creative work during from 1600 to 1608. His famous tragedies appeared at this time. In the plays of this period the dramatist reaches his full maturity. He presents great humans problems. His tragedies and historical plays made Shakespeare the greatest humanist of the English Renaissanse. Some plays of the second period: 1601 — «Hamlet», 1604 — «Othello».

Shakespeare’s plays of the third period are called the «Romantic dramas». There is no tragic tension in these plays. This period lasted from 1609 till 1612. 1609 — «Cymbeline», 1610 — «The Winters Tale», 1612 — «Henry 8».