Someone once put forward an attractive theory егэ

The discovery of Uranus

Someone once put forward an attractive theory. Throughout the Earth’s annual revolution around the sun there is one point of space always hidden from our eyes. This point is the opposite part of the Earth’s orbit, which is always hidden by the sun. Could there be another planet there, essentially similar to our own, but always invisible? If a space probe today sent back evidence that such a world existed it would cause not much more sensation than Sir William Herschel’s discovery of a new planet, Uranus, in 1781.

Herschel was an extraordinary man – no other astronomer has ever covered so vast a field of work – and his career deserves study. He was bom in Hanover in Germany in 1738, left the German army in 1757, and arrived in England the same year with no money but quite exceptional music ability. He played the violin and oboe and at one time was organist in the Octagon Chapel in the city of Bath. Herschel’s was an active mind, and deep inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny; he therefore read widely in science and the arts, but not until 1772 did he come across a book on astronomy. He was then 34, middle-aged by the standards of the time, but without hesitation he embarked on his new career, financing it by his professional work as a musician. He spent years mastering the art of telescope construction, and even by present-day standards his instruments are comparable with the best.

Serious observation began in 1774. He set himself the astonishing task of‘reviewing the heavens’, in other words, pointing his telescope to every accessible part of the sky and recording what he saw. The first review was made in 1775; the second, and most momentous, in 1780-81. It was during the latter part of this that he discovered Uranus. Afterwards, supported by the royal grant in recognition of his work, he was able to devote himself entirely to astronomy.

Papers flooded from HerscheFs pen and among these there was one sent to the Royal Society in 1781, entitled An Account of a Comet. In his own words, on Tuesday the 13th of March, between ten and eleven in the evening, while he was examining the small stars in the neighbourhood of H Geminorum, he perceived one that appeared visibly larger than the rest; he suspected it to be a comet.

Herschel’s care was the hallmark of a great observer; he wasn’t prepared to jump to any conclusions. Also, to be fair, the discovery of a new planet was the last thought in anybody’s mind. But further observation by other astronomers besides Herschel revealed two curious facts. For a comet, it showed a remarkably sharp disc; furthermore, it was moving so slowly that it was thought to be a great distance from the sun, and comets are only normally visible in the immediate vicinity of the sun. As its orbit came to be worked out the truth dawned that it was a new planet far beyond Saturn’s realm, and that the ‘reviewer of the heavens’ had stumbled across an unprecedented prize. Hcrschel wanted to call it georgium sidus (Star of George) in honour of his royal patron King George 111 of Great Britain. The planet was later for a time called Herschel in honour of its discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.

Uranus is a giant in construction. Uranus’ atmosphere consists largely of hydrogen and helium, with a trace of methane. In 1977, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling the equator of Uranus, four more rings were discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of Voyager In addition to its rings, Uranus has 15 satellites (‘moons’), the last 10 discovered by Voyager 2 on the same flight; all revolve about its equator and move with the planet in an east-west direction. The two largest moons, Titania and Oberon, were discovered by Herschel in 1787. The next two, Umbriel and Ariel, were found in 1851 by the British astronomer William Lassell. Miranda was discovered in 1948 by the American astronomer Gerard Peter Kuiper.

1. According to the first paragraph the discovery of a new planet hidden from our eyes
1) is a matter of fact.
2) would not be more sensational than the discovery of Uranus.
3) is quite probable.
4) needs some time to prove.

2. Herschel thought of himself as
1) an amateur musician.
2) a scientific mind.
3) a professional astronomer.
4) a person devoted to the arts and music.

3. Herschel discovered Uranus
1) during his second observation.
2) during his first review.
3) after many years of observing the sky.
4) when he was 34.

4. When Herschel saw a new ‘star’ he
1) immediately wrote to other astronomers.
2) thought of it as a comet.
3) knew that was a new planet.
4) made an immediate conclusion.

5. “The ‘reviewer of the heavens’ had stumbled across an unprecedented prize” means that Herschel
1) was offered a high position at the Royal Society.
2) accidentally discovered a planet.
3) was given an honor to name the new planet.
4) had anticipated the discovery of a new planet before.

6. The new planet was called Uranus by
1) other astronomers of the Royal Society.
2) King George III of Great Britain.
3) Johann Elert Bode.
4) Herschel himself.

7. Uranus’s two largest moons were discovered by
1) William Lassell.
2) Gerard Peter Kuiper.
3) Herschel.
4) Voyager 2.

ВОПРОС 1 – 2
ВОПРОС 2 – 2
ВОПРОС 3 – 1
ВОПРОС 4 – 2
ВОПРОС 5 – 2
ВОПРОС 6 – 3
ВОПРОС 7 – 3

IELTS Academic Reading Sample 18 — The Discovery of Uranus

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You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27 — 40

The Discovery of Uranus

Someone once put forward an attractive though unlikely theory. Throughout the Earth’s annual revolution around the sun, there is one point of space always hidden from our eyes. This point is the opposite part of the Earth’s orbit, which is always hidden by the sun. Could there be another planet there, essentially similar to our own, but always invisible?

If a space probe today sent back evidence that such a world existed it would cause not much more sensation than Sir William Herschel’s discovery of a new planet, Uranus, in 1781. Herschel was an extraordinary man — no other astronomer has ever covered so vast a field of work — and his career deserves study. He was born in Hanover in Germany in 1738, left the German army in 1757, and arrived in England the same year with no money but quite exceptional music ability. He played the violin and oboe and at one time was organist in the Octagon Chapel in the city of Bath. Herschel’s was an active mind, and deep inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny; he, therefore, read widely in science and the arts, but not until 1772 did he come across a book on astronomy. He was then 34, middle-aged by the standards of the time, but without hesitation he embarked on his new career, financing it by his professional work as a musician. He spent years mastering the art of telescope construction, and even by present-day standards, his instruments are comparable with the best.

Serious observation began in 1774. He set himself the astonishing task of ‘reviewing the heavens’, in other words, pointing his telescope to every accessible part of the sky and recording what he saw. The first review was made in 1775; the second, and most momentous, in 1780-81. It was during the latter part of this that he discovered Uranus. Afterwards, supported by the royal grant in recognition of his work, he was able to devote himself entirely to astronomy. His final achievements spread from the sun and moon to remote galaxies (of which he discovered hundreds), and papers flooded from his pen until his death in 1822. Among these, there was one sent to the Royal Society in 1781, entitled An Account of a Comet. In his own words:

On Tuesday the 13th of March, between ten and eleven in the evening, while I was examining the small stars in the neighbourhood of H Geminorum, I perceived one that appeared visibly larger than the rest; being struck with its uncommon magnitude, I compared it to H Geminorum and the small star in the quartile between Auriga and Gemini, and finding it to be much larger than either of them, suspected it to be a comet.

Herschel’s care was the hallmark of a great observer; he was not prepared to jump any conclusions. Also, to be fair, the discovery of a new planet was the last thought in anybody’s mind. But further observation by other astronomers besides Herschel revealed two curious facts. For the comet, it showed a remarkably sharp disc; furthermore, it was moving so slowly that it was thought to be a great distance from the sun, and comets are only normally visible in the immediate vicinity of the sun. As its orbit came to be worked out the truth dawned that it was a new planet far beyond Saturn’s realm, and that the ‘reviewer of the heavens’ had stumbled across an unprecedented prize. Herschel wanted to call it Georgian sidus (Star of George) in honour of his royal patron King George III of Great Britain. The planet was later for a time called Herschel in honour of its discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.

Uranus is a giant in construction, but not so much in size; its diameter compares unfavourably with that of Jupiter and Saturn, though on the terrestrial scale it is still colossal. Uranus’ atmosphere consists largely of hydrogen and helium, with a trace of methane. Through a telescope, the planet appears as a small bluish-green disc with a faint green periphery. In 1977, while recording the occultation 1 of a star behind the planet, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling the equator of Uranus. Four more rings were discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of Voyager 22. In addition to its rings, Uranus has 15 satellites (‘moons’), the last 10 discovered by Voyager 2 on the same flight; all revolve about its equator and move with the planet in an east-west direction. The two largest moons, Titania and Oberon, were discovered by Herschel in 1787. The next two, Umbriel and Ariel, were found in 1851 by the British astronomer William Lassell. Miranda, thought before 1986 to be the innermost moon, was discovered in 1948 by the American astronomer Gerard Peter Kuiper.

Glossary:
  ‘OCcultation‘: in astronomy, when one object passes in front of another and hides the second from view, especially, for example, when the moon comes between an observer and a star or planet.

Voyager 2‘: an unmanned spacecraft sent on a voyage past Saturn, Uranus and Jupiter in 1986; during which it sent back information about these planets to scientists on earth.

Questions 27-31

Complete the table below. Write a date for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

Event                                                                     

 Date

Example

William Herschel was born

Answer

1738

Herschel began investigating astronomy

(27)………….

Discovery of the planet Uranus

(28)………….

Discovery of the moons Titania and  Oberon

(29)………….

First discovery of Uranus’ rings

(30)………….

Discovery of the last 10 moons of Uranus

(31)………….

Questions 32-36
Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer of the Reading Passage?
In boxes 32-36 on your answer sheet write

YES              if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO               if the statement contradicts the writer
NOT GIVEN  if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

Example                                                       Answer
Herschel was multi-talented                             YES

32   It is improbable that there is a planet hidden behind the sun.
33   Herschel knew immediately that he had found a new planet.
34   Herschel collaborated with other astronomers of his time.
35   Herschel’s newly-discovered object was considered to be too far from the sun to be a comet.
36   Herschel’s discovery was the most important find of the last three hundred years.

Questions 37-40
Complete each of the following statements (Questions 37-40) with a name from the Reading Passage.
Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.


The suggested names of the new planet started with …….. (37) …….., then …….. (38) ……., before finally settling on Uranus. The first five rings around Uranus were discovered by …….. (39) ……… From 1948 until 1986, the moon …….. (40)…….. was believed to be the moon closest to the surface of Uranus.

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Section 1: Question 1-13


Use of University grounds by Vehicular Traffic & Patient Information Leaflet

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the text below.

Questions 1-5

Look at the information on the following page about the use of vehicles in the University grounds.

In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet write –

TRUE     if the statement is true
FALSE     if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN   if the information is not given in the passage

Example
The campus roads are not open to general members of the public

Answer
TRUE

1. University employees do not need to pay for their parking permits.
2. Parking in Halls of Residence is handled by the Wardens of the Halls.
3. Having a University permit does not allow staff to park at Halls.
4. Parking permits cost £20 a year.
5. Students living in Hall do not need permission to park in Hall car parks.

USE OF UNIVERSITY GROUNDS BY VEHICULAR TRAFFIC

The University grounds are private.

The University authorities only allow authorised members of the University, visitors and drivers of vehicles servicing the University to enter the grounds.

Members of staff who have paid the requisite fee and display the appropriate permit may bring a vehicle into the grounds. A University permit does not entitle them to park in Hall car parks, however, unless authorised by the Warden of the Hall concerned.

Students may not bring vehicles into the grounds during the working day unless they have been given special permission by the Security Officer and have paid for and are displaying an appropriate entry permit. Students living in Halls of Residence must obtain permission from the Warden to keep a motor vehicle at their residence.

Students are reminded that if they park a motor vehicle on University premises without a valid permit, they will be fined £20.

Questions 6-13

Look at the patient information leaflet below.

Match each of the following sentences with TWO possible endings A-M from the box below.

Write the appropriate letters A-M in boxes 6-13 on your answer sheet.

Example                                                                              Answer 
Borodine table should not be given to ……                         A and M

Questions 6 and 7
Borodine tablets might be used to treat……

Questions 8 and 9
You must ask your doctor before taking Borodine tablets if you are already being treated for ……

Questions 10 and 11
 You do not need to consult your doctor immediately if Borodine tablets give you ……

Questions 12 and 13
You must consult your doctor at once if you find Borodine tablets cause……

Possible Endings

A.  children under 12 years of age.
B.  a headache.
C.  an uncomfortable feeling in your stomach.
D.  symptoms similar to a cold.
E.  a change in your skin colour.
F.  anything treated by a prescription medicine.
G.  a kidney complaint.
H.  a whitening of the eyes.
I.  sore or broken skin.
J.  a fungal infection.
K.  a feeling of sadness.
L.  shortness of breath.
M.  a woman expecting a child.

PATIENT INFORMATION LEAFLET

  The name of your medicine is Borodine tablets.

WHAT ARE Borodine TABLETS USED FOR?

Borodine tablets are used to help relieve hay fever and conditions due to allergies, in particular, skin reactions and a runny nose.

It is not recommended that Borodine tablets are given to children under 12 years of age or pregnant or breastfeeding women.

BEFORE YOU TAKE Borodine TABLETS

In some circumstances, it is very important not to take Borodine tablets. If you ignore these instructions, this medicine could affect your heart rhythm.

Are you taking oral medicines for fungal infections?

Have you suffered a reaction to medicines containing Borodine before?

Do you suffer from any liver, kidney or heart disease?

If the answer to any of these questions is YES, do not take Borodine tablets before consulting your doctor.

AFTER TAKING Borodine TABLETS

Borodine tablets, like many other medicines, may cause side-effects in some people.

If you faint, stop taking Borodine tablets and tell your doctor immediately.

In addition, Borodine tablets may cause problems with your vision, hair loss, depression or confusion, yellowing of your skin or your eyes.

If you have these effects whilst taking Borodine tablets tell your doctor immediately.

Other side-effects are dizziness or headaches, and indigestion or stomach ache. However, these effects are often mild and usually wear off after a few days’ treatment. If they last for more than a few days, tell your doctor.


Section 2: Question 14-26

You are advised to spend 20 minutes on Questions 14-26.


General Training Reading Sample: West Thames College

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on the text below.

Questions 14-20

Look at the introduction to West Thames College below and at the statements (Questions 14-20) below.

In boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet write

TRUE       if the statement is true
FALSE      if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN    if the information is not given in the passage

14.   Chiswick Polytechnic was closed at the same time West Thames College was opened.
15.   Most of the students at the college come from outside the local area.
16.   The college changed its name to West Thames College in 1993.
17.   There are currently 6000 students over the age of 19 attending the college.
18.   Students under the age of 16 cannot attend any of the courses offered by the college.
19.   The college offers a more mature environment in which to learn than a school.
20.   There are fewer subjects to study in the sixth form of a school than at the college.

WEST THAMES COLLEGE
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

West Thames College (initially known as Hounslow Borough College) came into existence in 1976 following the merger of Isleworth Polytechnic with part of Chiswick Polytechnic. Both parent colleges, in various guises, enjoyed a long tradition of service to the community dating back to the 1890s.

The college is located at London Road, Isleworth, on a site occupied by the Victorian house of the Pears family, Spring Grove House. An earlier house of the same name on this site had been the home of Sir Joseph Banks, the botanist who named Botany Bay with Captain Cook in 1770. Later he founded Kew Gardens.

Situated at the heart of West London, West Thames College is ideally placed to serve the training and education needs of local industry and local people. But its influence reaches much further than the immediate locality.

Under its former name, Hounslow Borough College, it had already established a regional, national and international reputation for excellence. In fact, about eight per cent of its students come from continental Europe and further afield, whilst a further 52 per cent are from outside the immediate area. Since 1 April 1993, when it became independent of the local authority and adopted its new title, West Thames College has continued to build on that first class reputation.

These days there is no such thing as a typical student. More than half of West Thames college’s 6000 students are over 19 years old. Some of these will be attending college part-time under their employers’ training schemes. Others will want to learn new skills purely out of interest, or out of a desire to improve their promotion chances, or they may want a change in career.

The college is also very popular with 16-18 year olds, who see it as a practical alternative to a further two years at school. They want to study in the more adult atmosphere the college provides. They can choose from a far wider range of subjects than it would be practical for a sixth form to offer. If they want to go straight into employment they can still study at college to gain qualifications relevant to the job, either on a day-release basis or through Network or the Modern Apprenticeship Scheme.

Questions 21-26

Look at the West Thames College’s Services for Students on the following page. Each paragraph A-Hdescribes a different service provided by the college.

From the list below (i-xi) choose the most suitable summaries for paragraphs A, C and E-H.

Write the appropriate number (i-xi) in boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet.
NB There are more summaries than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.

i.  A shop for the books and stationery needed to study
ii.  Counseling and welfare willing to listen, offer advice or arrange a referral
iii.  An Examinations Office arranging exams and issuing certificates
iv.  A Registrar’s Office handling all fee payments and related enquiries
v.  A Medical service offering on-site assistance with health-related problems
vi.  A tutorial system for regular one-to-one guidance, support and feedback
vii.  Careers Advice helping students into employment
viii.  An admissions Service providing assistance in choosing and applying for higher education courses
ix.  A Student Union representing students on college committees
x. Clubs and societies for students’ free-time
xi. A Learning Support Service supporting students in studying, presenting information and handling numbers.

21. Paragraph  A

Example              Answer                           
Paragraph B           xi                               

22. Paragraph C

Example              Answer                           
Paragraph D            i

23.  Paragraph  E
24.  Paragraph  F                                             
25.  Paragraph  G
26.  Paragraph  H

WEST THAMES COLLEGE     
SERVICES FOR STUDENTS

A
As a full-time student at West Thames College you will have your own Personal Mentor who will see you each week to guide you through your studies, and discuss any problems which may arise. We take a cooperative
approach to the assessment of your work and encourage you to contribute to the discussion.

B
This service provides specialist assistance and courses for those who need help to improve their writing, oral and numeracy skills for the successful completion of their college course. Help with basic skills is also available.

C
This service is available to anyone who is undecided as to which course to follow. It is very much a service for the individual, whatever your age, helping you to select the best option to suit your circumstances. The service includes educational advice, guidance and support, including a facility for accrediting your previous experience – the Accreditation of Prior Learning (APL). The Admissions Office is open Monday to Friday 9.00 am to 5.00 pm. All interviews are confidential and conducted in a relaxed and friendly atmosphere. Evening appointments are available on request.

D
The College Bookshop stocks a wide range of books, covering aspects of all courses, together with a good selection of stationery. It also supplies stamps, phone cards, blank videos and computer disks. The shop is open at times specified In the Student Handbook in the mornings, afternoons and evenings.

E
When students are weary from study and want the chance to relax and enjoy themselves with friends, they can participate in a number of recreational activities. Depending on demand, we offer a range of sporting activities including football, badminton, basketball, table tennis, volleyball, weight training and aerobics. For the non-sporting students we offer a debating society, video club, hair and beauty sessions, as well as a range of creative activities. Suggestions for activities from students are always welcome.

F
This confidential service is available if you have practical or personal difficulties during your course of study, whether of a financial or personal nature. Our Student Advisors can help you directly or put you in touch with someone else who can give you the help you need.

G
The College Nurses are there for general medical advice and for treatment of illness or injury. All visits are confidential. First aid boxes and fully-trained First Aiders are also on hand at various locations around the college.

H
West London employers have a permanent base in the centre of college, with access to a database of more than 24,000 jobs available locally and in Central London. They will also help you with job applications and interview techniques.


Section 3: Question 27-40

You are advised to spend 20 minutes on Questions 27-40.


General Training Reading Sample: The Discovery of Uranus

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on the Reading Passage- “The Discovery of Uranus” below.

The Discovery of Uranus

GT Reading sample 33

Someone once put forward an attractive though unlikely theory. Throughout the Earth’s annual revolution around the sun, there is one point of space always hidden from our eyes. This point is the opposite part of the Earth’s orbit, which is always hidden by the sun. Could there be another planet there, essentially similar to our own, but always invisible?

If a space probe today sent back evidence that such a world existed it would cause not much more sensation than Sir William Herschel’s discovery of a new planet, Uranus, in 1781. Herschel was an extraordinary man – no other astronomer has ever covered so vast a field of work – and his career deserves study. He was born in Hanover in Germany in 1738, left the German army in 1757, and arrived in England the same year with no money but quite exceptional music ability. He played the violin and oboe and at one time was organist in the Octagon Chapel in the city of Bath. Herschel’s was an active mind, and deep inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny; he, therefore, read widely in science and the arts, but not until 1772 did he come across a book on astronomy. He was then 34, middle-aged by the standards of the time, but without hesitation he embarked on his new career, financing it by his professional work as a musician. He spent years mastering the art of telescope construction, and even by present-day standards, his instruments are comparable with the best.

Serious observation began in 1774. He set himself the astonishing task of ‘reviewing the heavens’, in other words, pointing his telescope to every accessible part of the sky and recording what he saw. The first review was made in 1775; the second, and most momentous, in 1780-81. It was during the latter part of this that he discovered Uranus. Afterwards, supported by the royal grant in recognition of his work, he was able to devote himself entirely to astronomy. His final achievements spread from the sun and moon to remote galaxies (of which he discovered hundreds), and papers flooded from his pen until his death in 1822. Among these there was one sent to the Royal Society in 1781, entitled An Account of a Comet. In his own words:

On Tuesday the 13th of March, between ten and eleven in the evening, while I was examining the small stars in the neighbourhood of H Geminorum, I perceived one that appeared visibly larger than the rest; being struck with its uncommon magnitude, I compared it to H Geminorum and the small star in the quartile between Auriga and Gemini, and finding it to be much larger than either of them, suspected it to be a comet.

Herschel’s care was the hallmark of a great observer; he was not prepared to jump any conclusions. Also, to be fair, the discovery of a new planet was the last thought in anybody’s mind. But further observation by other astronomers besides Herschel revealed two curious facts. For comet, it showed a remarkably sharp disc; furthermore, it was moving so slowly that it was thought to be a great distance from the sun, and comets are only normally visible in the immediate vicinity of the sun. As its orbit came to be worked out the truth dawned that it was a new planet far beyond Saturn’s realm, and that the ‘reviewer of the heavens’ had stumbled across an unprecedented prize. Herschel wanted to call it Georgium Sidus (Star of George) in honour of his royal patron King George III of Great Britain. The planet was later for a time called Herschel in honour of its discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.

Uranus is a giant in construction, but not so much in size; its diameter compares unfavourably with that of Jupiter and Saturn, though on the terrestrial scale it is still colossal. Uranus’ atmosphere consists largely of hydrogen and helium, with a trace of methane. Through a telescope the planet appears as a small bluish-green disc with a faint green periphery. In 1977, while recording the occultation (1) of a star behind the planet, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling the equator of Uranus. Four more rings were discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of Voyager 2 (2) , In addition to its rings, Uranus has 15 satellites (‘moons’), the last 10 discovered by Voyager 2 on the same flight; all revolve about its equator and move with the planet in an east- west direction. The two largest moons, Titania and Oberon, were discovered by Herschel in 1787. The next two, Umbriel and Ariel, were found in 1851 by the British astronomer William Lassell. Miranda, thought before 1986 to be the innermost moon, was discovered in 1948 by the American astronomer Gerard Peter Kuiper.

Glossary:
  ‘(1) occultation’: in astronomy, when one object passes in front of another and hides the second from view, especially, for example, when the moon comes between an observer and a star or planet.

  ‘(2) Voyager 2’:  an unmanned spacecraft sent on a voyage past Saturn, Uranus and Jupiter in 1986; during which, it sent back information about these planets to scientists on earth.

Questions 27-31

Complete the table below.

Write a date for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

Event                                                      Date 
ExampleWilliam Herschel was born Answer1738
Herschel began investigating astronomy (27)………….
Discovery of the planet Uranus (28)………….
Discovery of the moons Titania and  Oberon (29)………….
First discovery of Uranus’ rings (30)………….
Discovery of the last 10 moons of Uranus (31)………….

Questions 32-36

Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer of the Reading Passage?

In boxes 32-36 on your answer sheet write:

YES               if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO                if the statement contradicts the writer
NOT GIVEN  if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

Example                                                       Answer
Herschel was multi-talented                           YES

32.   It is improbable that there is a planet hidden behind the sun.
33.   Herschel knew immediately that he had found a new planet.
34.   Herschel collaborated with other astronomers of his time.
35.   Herschel’s newly-discovered object was considered to be too far from the sun to be a comet.
36.   Herschel’s discovery was the most important find of the last three hundred years.

Questions 37-40

Complete each of the following statements (Questions 37-40) with a name from the Reading Passage.

Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.

The suggested names of the new planet started with…….. (37) …….., then…….. (38) ……., before finally settling on Uranus. The first five rings around Uranus were discovered by …….. (39) ……… From 1948 until 1986, the moon …….. (40)…….. was believed to be the moon closest to the surface of Uranus.

Answer & Explanation

1 FALSE
2 TRUE
3 TRUE
4 NOT GIVEN
5 FALSE
6 & 7: D, I (In either order)
8 & 9: G, J (In either order)
10 & 11: B, C (In either order)
12 & 13: E, K (In either order)
14. NOT GIVEN
15. TRUE
16. TRUE
17. FALSE
18. NOT GIVEN
19. TRUE
20. TRUE
21. vi
22. viii
23. x
24. ii
25. v
26. vii
27. 1772
28. 1781
29. 1787
30. 1977
31. 1986
32. YES
33. NO
34. NOT GIVEN
35. YES
36. NOT GIVEN
37. Georgium Sidus
38. Herschel
39. James L. Elliot
40. Miranda

The IELTS reading section examines a candidate’s comprehending skills within the stipulated amount of time. The reading section comprises passages followed with different kinds of questions to holistically judge a student’s grasping abilities while reading. This particular IELTS Reading Practice Test has a passage on- “The Discovery of Uranus”, which consists of the following type of question:

  1. Yes/No/Not given
  2. Fill in the blanks
  3. Choose the correct answer

The IELTS Reading Practice Tests contain a variety of sample passages with different kinds of questions which will equip a student with all the possible dimensions of this section. These practice tests should be taken with utmost seriousness to perform brilliantly on the D-Day.

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Section 1

Read the Passage to Answer the Following Questions

The Discovery of Uranus IELTS Reading Sample

Someone once put forward an attractive though unlikely theory. Throughout the Earth’s annual revolution around the sun, there is one point of space always hidden from our eyes. This point is the opposite part of the Earth’s orbit, which is always hidden by the sun. Could there be another planet there, essentially similar to our own, but always invisible?

If a space probe today sent back evidence that such a world existed it would cause not much more sensation than Sir William Herschel’s discovery of a new planet, Uranus, in 1781. Herschel was an extraordinary man — no other astronomer has ever covered so vast a field of work — and his career deserves study. He was born in Hanover in Germany in 1738, left the German army in 1757, and arrived in England the same year with no money but quite exceptional music ability. He played the violin and oboe and at one time was organist in the Octagon Chapel in the city of Bath. Herschel’s was an active mind, and deep inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny; he, therefore, read widely in science and the arts, but not until 1772 did he come across a book on astronomy. He was then 34, middle-aged by the standards of the time, but without hesitation he embarked on his new career, financing it by his professional work as a musician. He spent years mastering the art of telescope construction, and even by present-day standards, his instruments are comparable with the best.

The serious observation began in 1774. He set himself the astonishing task of ‘reviewing the heavens’ in other words, pointing his telescope to every accessible part of the sky and recording what he saw. The first review was made in 1775; the second, and most momentous, in 1780-81. It was during the latter part of this that he discovered Uranus. Afterwards, supported by the royal grant in recognition of his work, he was able to devote himself entirely to astronomy. His final achievements spread from the sun and moon to remote galaxies (of which he discovered hundreds), and papers flooded from his pen until his death in 1822. Among these, there was one sent to the Royal Society in 1781, entitled An Account of a Comet. In his own words:

On Tuesday the 13th of March, between ten and eleven in the evening, while I was examining the small stars in the neighbourhood of H Geminorum, I perceived one that appeared visibly larger than the rest; being struck with its uncommon magnitude, I compared it to H Geminorum and the small star in the quartile between Auriga and Gemini, and finding it to be much larger than either of them, suspected it to be a comet.

Herschel’s care was the hallmark of a great observer; he was not prepared to jump any conclusions. Also, to be fair, the discovery of a new planet was the last thought in anybody’s mind. But further observation by other astronomers besides Herschel revealed two curious facts. For the comet, it showed a remarkably sharp disc; furthermore, it was moving so slowly that it was thought to be a great distance from the sun, and comets are only normally visible in the immediate vicinity of the sun. As its orbit came to be worked out the truth dawned that it was a new planet far beyond Saturn’s realm and that the ‘reviewer of the heavens’ had stumbled across an unprecedented prize. Herschel wanted to call it Georgian sidus (Star of George) in honour of his royal patron King George III of Great Britain. The planet was later for a time called Herschel in honour of its discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.

Uranus is a giant in construction, but not so much in size; its diameter compares unfavourably with that of Jupiter and Saturn, though on the terrestrial scale it is still colossal. Uranus’s atmosphere consists largely of hydrogen and helium, with a trace of methane. Through a telescope, the planet appears as a small bluish-green disc with a faint green periphery. In 1977, while recording the occultation 1 of a star behind the planet, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling the equator of Uranus. Four more rings were discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of Voyager 2 2, In addition to its rings, Uranus has 15 satellites (‘moons’), the last 10 discovered by Voyager 2 on the same flight; all revolve about its equator and move with the planet in an east-west direction. The two largest moons, Titania and Oberon, were discovered by Herschel in 1787. The next two, Umbriel and Ariel, were found in 1851 by the British astronomer William Lassell. Miranda, thought before 1986 to be the innermost moon, was discovered in 1948 by the American astronomer Gerard Peter Kuiper.

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Section 2

Solution With Explanation

Questions 27-31
Complete the table below. Write a date for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

Event Date
Example: William Herschel was born Answer: 1738
Herschel began investigating astronomy 27________
Discover of the planet Uranus 28________
Discovery of the moons Titania and Oberon 29________
The first discovery of Uranus’s rings 30________
Discovery of last 10 moons of Uranus 31________

27.

Answer: 1772

Supporting Sentence: Herschel was an active mind, and deep inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny; he, therefore, read widely in science and the arts, but not until 1772 did he come across a book on astronomy.

Keyword: astronomy

Keyword Location: 2nd paragraph, 8th line

Explanation: until 1772, Hershel widely read books related to science and arts. He was sure that music was not his future destination. In 1772 he came across a book on astronomy when he became deeply interested in it and started investigating it. Hence, 1772 is the appropriate answer.

28.

Answer: 1781

Supporting Sentence: The first review was made in 1775; the second, and most momentous, was in 1780-81. It was during the latter part of this that he discovered Uranus.

Keyword: Uranus

Keyword Location: 3rd paragraph, 4th line

Explanation: Hershel began observations in 1774, where he used his telescope to access every part of the sky. He made his first review in 1775 and in the latter part of the second review, in 1780-1781, Herschel discovered Uranus. Hence, 1781 is the appropriate answer.

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29.

Answer: 1787

Supporting Sentence: The two largest moons, Titania and Oberon, were discovered by Herschel in 1787.

Keyword: moon

Keyword Location: 6th paragraph, 9th line

Explanation: Uranus has 15 moons that revolve around its equator. These moons were explored with the help of an aircraft Voyager 2 in 1787. In these 15 moons, the two largest moons were Titania and Oberon. Hence, 1787 is the appropriate answer.

30.

Answer: 1977

Supporting Sentence: In 1977, while recording the occultation 1 of a star behind the planet, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling the equator of Uranus.

Keyword: rings

Keyword Location: 6th paragraph, 5th line

Explanation: when accessed with the help of a telescope, the Uranus had a small bluish-green disc with a faint green periphery. And in 1977, an American astronomer James L. Elliot found about five rings around Uranus. Hence, 1977 is the right answer.

31.

Answer: 1986

Supporting Sentence: Four more rings were also discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of Voyager 22. In addition to its rings, Uranus has 15 satellites (‘moons’), the last 10 moons were discovered with the help of Voyager 2 on the same flight; all revolve around its equator and move with the planet in an east-west direction.

Keyword: moons

Keyword Location: 6th paragraph, 7th line

Explanation: With the discovery of the rings around Uranus, 15 moons revolving around the Uranus as the satellites were found. In these 15 moons, the last ten moons were explored by Voyager 2 in the same year 1986. Hence, 1986 is the right answer.

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Questions 32-36
Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer of the Reading Passage?
In boxes 32-36 on your answer sheet write

YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO, if the statement contradicts the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

  1. It is improbable that there is a planet hidden behind the sun.

Answer: YES

Supporting Sentence: Throughout the Earth’s annual revolution around the sun, there is one point of space always hidden from our eyes. This point is the opposite part of the Earth’s orbit, which is always hidden by the sun.

Keyword: sun

Keyword Location: 1st paragraph, 2nd line

Explanation: As given in the paragraph, during the revolution of the planets around the sun, only a part of the planets revolving is hidden from our eyes behind the sun. So, only a part of these planets is hidden behind the sun, not the entire surface of the planet. Hence, this statement is correct.

  1. Herschel knew immediately that he had found a new planet.

Answer: NO

Supporting Sentence: The first review was made in 1775; the second, and most momentous, was in 1780-81. It was during the latter part of this that he discovered Uranus.

Keyword: Uranus

Keyword Location: 3rd paragraph, 4th line

Explanation: Herschel used a telescope to access every part of the sky and the first review was made by him in 1775. Later in the second review in 1780-81, Herschel discovered Uranus. Herschel did not discover Uranus immediately. Hence, the statement is not correct.

  1. Herschel collaborated with other astronomers of his time.

Answer: NOT GIVEN

  1. Herschel’s newly-discovered object was considered to be too far from the sun to be a comet.

Answer: YES

Supporting Sentence: His final achievements spread from the sun and moon to remote galaxies (of which he discovered hundreds), and papers flooded from his pen until he died in 1822. Among these, there was one sent to the Royal Society in 1781, entitled An Account of a Comet.

Keyword: comet

Keyword Location: 3rd paragraph, 8th line

Explanation: after the discovery of Uranus, Herschel made many explorations in this field from the sun and moon to faraway galaxies of the universe and all these achievements were supported by Royal Grant. He has published different papers and one of them was sent to Royal Society in 1781 entitled ‘An Account of a Comet’ where he mentioned that his newly explored object was much large to be considered a comet. Hence the statement is correct.

  1. Herschel’s discovery was the most important find of the last three hundred years.

Answer: NOT GIVEN

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Questions 37-40
Complete each of the following statements (Questions 37-40) with a name from the Reading Passage.
Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.

The suggested names of the new planet started with …….. (37) …….., then …….. (38) ……., before finally settling on Uranus. The first five rings around Uranus were discovered by …….. (39) ……… From 1948 until 1986, the moon …….. (40) …….. was believed to be the moon closest to the surface of Uranus.

37.

Answer: georgium sidus

Supporting Sentence: Herschel wanted to call it Georgian sidus (Star of George) in honor of his royal patron King George III of Great Britain.

Keyword: planet

Keyword Location: 5th paragraph, 9th line

Explanation: after finding that planet, Sir William Herschel wanted to name that newly found planet Georgium Sidus in the honor of the King of Great Britain, George III. But later the name Uranus was propounded by German astronomer Johann Elert Bode. Hence, the right answer here is georgium sidus.

38.

Answer: Herschel

Supporting Sentence: The planet was later for a time called Herschel in honor of its discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.

Keyword: Uranus

Keyword Location: 5th paragraph, 9th line

Explanation: after Herschel has discovered the planet, names were proposed for that discovered planet, second name suggested for that explored planet was Herschel after the name of the discoverer Sir William Herschel. Hence, Herschel is the right answer.

39.

Answer: James L. Elliot

Supporting Sentence: In 1977, while recording the occultation 1 of a star behind the planet, an American astronomer James L. Elliot found the presence of five rings encircling the equator of Uranus.

Keyword: rings

Keyword Location: 6th paragraph, 5th line

Explanation: An American astronomer James L. Elliot found some five rings around Uranus while recording the occultation of the stars in 1977. Hence, James L. Elliot is the right answer.

40.

Answer: Miranda

Supporting Sentence: Miranda, thought before 1986 to be the innermost moon, was explored in 1948 by the American astronomer Gerard Peter Kuiper.

Keyword: Miranda, moon

Keyword Location: 6th paragraph, 11th line

Explanation: out of the 15 moons found by scientists encircling Uranus, the innermost moon was Miranda, which was found by an American astronomer, Gerard Peter Kuiper in 1948. Until before 1948, it was found to be the innermost moon. Hence, Miranda is the right answer.

полет сущ

1. flight

2. journey
3. operation
4. trip
5. voyage
аварийная ситуация в полете

in-flight emergency

автоматический полет

1. automatic flight

2. computer-directed flight
автоматическое управление полетом

automatic flight control

административные полеты

executive flying

административный полет

business operation

анализ безопасности полетов

safety investigation

аэродинамическая труба имитации свободного полета

free-flight wind tunnel

аэродром на трассе полета

en-route aerodrome

аэродромный круг полетов

aerodrome traffic circuit

аэродромный полет

local flight

база для обслуживания полетов

air base

балансировка в горизонтальном полете

horizontal trim

балансировка в полете

operational trim

безаварийное выполнение полетов

accident-free flying

безаварийный полет

accident-free flight

без достаточного опыта выполнения полетов

beyond flight experience

безопасная дистанция в полете

in-flight safe distance

безопасность полетов

1. flight safety

2. flight operating safety
беспосадочный полет

1. nonstop flight

2. continuous flight
билет на полет в одном направлении

single ticket

бланк плана полета

flight plan form

боковой обзор в полете

sideway inflight view

бортовой вычислитель управления полетом

airborne guidance computer

бреющие полеты

contour flying

бреющий полет

1. scooping

2. contour flight
3. hedge-hopping
4. low-level flight
бустерная система управления полетом

flight control boost system

быть непригодным к полетам

inapt for flying

ввод данных о полете

flight data input

верхний обзор в полете

upward inflight view

верхний эшелон полета

upper flight level

ветер в направлении курса полета

tailwind

видимость в полете

flight visibility

визуальная оценка расстояния в полете

distance assessment

визуальный контакт в полете

flight visual contact

визуальный ориентир в полете

flight visual cue

визуальный полет

1. visual flight

2. contact flight
визуальный полет по кругу

visual circling

вихрь в направлении линии полета

line vortex

влиять на безопасность полетов

effect on operating safety

внутренние полеты

local operations

воздушная яма на пути полета

in flight bump

воздушное пространство с запретом визуальных полетов

visual exempted airspace

воздушное судно большой дальности полетов

long-distance aircraft

воздушное судно в полете

1. making way aircraft

2. in-flight aircraft
3. aircraft on flight
воздушное судно, готовое к полету

under way aircraft

воздушное судно для полетов на большой высоте

high-altitude aircraft

воздушное судно, дозаправляемое в полете

receiver aircraft

воздушное судно, имеющее разрешение на полет

authorized aircraft

возобновление полетов

flight resumption

возобновлять полет

1. resume the flight

2. resume the journey
возобновлять полеты

resume normal operations

восходящий поток воздуха на маршруте полета

en-route updraft

ВПП, не соответствующая заданию на полет

wrong runway

в процессе полета

1. while in flight

2. in flight
временная разница пунктов полета

jetlag

временные полеты

1. sojourn

2. part time operations
время горизонтального полета

level flight time

время полета по внешнему контуру

outbound time

время полета по маршруту

trip time

время самолетного полета

solo flying time

всепогодные полеты

1. all-weather operations

2. all-weather flying
всепогодный полет

all-weather flight

вспомогательный маршрут полета

side trip

выбирать маршрут полета

select the flight route

вывозной полет

introductory flight

выдерживание высоты полета автопилотом

autopilot altitude hold

выдерживание заданной высоты полета

preselected altitude hold

выдерживание курса полета с помощью инерциальной системы

inertial tracking

выдерживание траектории полета

flight path tracking

выдерживать заданный график полета

maintain the flight watch

выдерживать заданный эшелон полета

maintain the flight level

выдерживать требуемую скорость полета

maintain the flying speed

выдерживать установленный порядок полетов

maintain the flight procedure

выполнение горизонтального полета

level flying

выполнение полетов

1. flight operation

2. flying
выполнение полетов с помощью радиосредств

radio fly

выполнять групповой полет

fly in formation

выполнять круг полета над аэродромом

carry out a circuit of the aerodrome

выполнять полет

carry out the flight

выполнять полет в зоне ожидания

hold over the aids

выполнять полет в определенных условиях

fly under conditions

выполнять полет в режиме ожидания над аэродромом

hold over the beacon

выполнять полет по курсу

fly the heading

выполнять полеты с аэродрома

operate from the aerodrome

высота перехода к визуальному полету

break-off height

высота полета

flight altitude

высота полета вертолета

helicopter overflight height

высота полета вертолета при заходе на посадку

helicopter approach height

высота полета в зоне ожидания

holding flight level

высота полета по маршруту

en-route altitude

высота установленная заданием на полет

specified altitude

высотный полет

1. hing-altitude flight

2. altitude flight
вычислитель параметров траектории полета

flight-path computer

гарантия полета

flight assurance

гасить скорость в полете

decelerate in the flight

гиперзвуковой полет

hypersonic flight

годность к полетам

flight fitness

годный к полетам

airworthy

головокружение при полете в сплошной облачности

cloud vertigo

горизонтальный полет

1. horizontal flight

2. level flight
3. level
горизонтальный полет на крейсерском режиме

level cruise

горизонт, видимый в полете

in-flight apparent horizon

готовый к выполнению полетов

flyable

готовый к полету

in flying condition

граница высот повторного запуска в полете

inflight restart envelope

график полета

flight schedule

грубая ошибка в процессе полета

in flight blunder

груз, сброшенный в полете

jettisoned load in flight

группа, выполняющая полет по туру

tour group

дальность активного полета

all-burnt range

дальность видимости в полете

flight visual range

дальность горизонтального полета

horizontal range

дальность полета

1. range ability

2. flight range
дальность полета без дополнительных топливных баков

built-in range

дальность полета без коммерческой загрузки

zero-payload range

дальность полета без наружных подвесок

clean range

дальность полета в невозмущенной атмосфере

still-air flight range

дальность полета воздушного судна

aircraft range

дальность полета до намеченного пункта

range to go

дальность полета до полного израсходования топлива

flight range with no reserves

дальность полета до пункта назначения

flight distance-to-go

дальность полета на предельно малой высоте

on-the-deck range

дальность полета на режиме авторотации

autorotation range

дальность полета по замкнутому маршруту

closed-circuit range

дальность полета по прямой

direct range

дальность полета при полной заправке

full-tanks range

дальность полета при попутном ветре

downwind range

дальность полета с максимальной загрузкой

full-load range

дальность полета с полной коммерческой загрузкой

commercial range

дальность управляемого полета

controllable range

данные об условиях полета

flight environment data

действующий план полета

operational flight plan

деловой полет

business flight

деловые полеты

business flying

демонстрационный полет

1. demonstration flight

2. demonstration operation
диапазон изменения траектории полета

flight path envelope

диапазон режимов полета

flight envelope

диспетчер по планированию полетов

flight planner

диспетчерское управление полетами

1. operational control

2. flight control
дистанция полета

flight distance

дневной полет

day flight

доводить до уровня годности к полетам

render airworthy

доворот для коррекции направления полета

flight corrective turn

дозаправка топливом в полете

air refuelling

дозаправлять топливом в полете

refuel in flight

дозвуковой полет

subsonic flight

докладывать о занятии заданного эшелона полета

report reaching the flight level

донесение о полете

voyage report

донесение о ходе полета

flight report

дополнительный план полета

supplementary flight plan

допускать пилота к полетам

permit a pilot to operate

допустимый предел шума при полете

flyover noise limit

единый тариф на полет в двух направлениях

two-way fare

завершать полет

1. complete the flight

2. terminate the flight
зависимость коммерческой загрузки от дальности полета

payload versus range

заводской испытательный полет

1. factory test flight

2. production test flight
заданная траектория полета

assigned flight path

заданные условия полета

given conditions of flight

заданный режим полета

basic flight reference

заданный уровень безопасности полетов

target level of safety

заданный эшелон полета

preset flight level

закрытая для полетов ВПП

idle runway

закрытие плана полета

closing a flight plan

замер в полете

inflight measurement

замкнутый маршрут полета

circle trip

занимать заданный эшелон полета

reach the flight level

запасной маршрут полета

alternate air route

запасной план полета

alternate flight plan

запись вибрации в полете

inflight vibration recording

запланированный полет

prearranged flight

запрет полетов

curfew

запрет полетов из-за превышения допустимого уровня шума

noise curfew

запускать двигатель в полете

restart the engine in flight

запуск в полете

inflight starting

запуск в полете без включения стартера

inflight nonassisted starting

зарегистрированный план полета

filed flight plan

заход на посадку после полета по кругу

circle-to-land

защитная зона для полетов вертолетов

helicopter protected zone

заявка на полет

flight request

зона воздушного пространства с особым режимом полета

airspace restricted area

зона ожидания для визуальных полетов

visual holding point

зона полетов

operational area

зона полетов вертолетов

helicopter traffic zone

зона тренировочных полетов

training area

изменение маршрута полета

flight diversion

изменение плана полета

flight replanning

изменение траектории полета

takeoff profile change

измерять маршрут полета

replan the flight

иметь место в полете

be experienced in flight

имитатор условий полета

flight simulator

имитация в полете

inflight simulation

имитация полета в натуральных условиях

full-scale flight

имитируемый полет

simulated flight

имитируемый полет по приборам

simulated instrument flight

индикатор хода полета

flight progress display

инспектор по производству полетов

operations inspector

инструктаж по условиям полета по маршруту

route briefing

инструктаж при аварийной обстановке в полете

inflight emergency instruction

инструктор по производству полетов

flight operations instructor

инструкция по обеспечению безопасности полетов

air safety rules

инструкция по производству полетов

operation instruction

интенсивность полетов

flying intensity

информация о ходе полета

flight progress information

испытание в свободном полете

free-flight test

испытание двигателя в полете

inflight engine test

испытание на максимальную дальность полета

full-distance test

испытание путем имитации полета

simulated flight test

испытания по замеру нагрузки в полете

flight stress measurement tests

испытательные полеты

test fly

испытательный полет

1. test operation

2. shakedown flight
3. test flight
4. trial flight
испытываемый в полете

under flight test

испытывать в полете

test in flight

Исследовательская группа по безопасности полетов

Aviation Security Study Group

исходная высота полета при заходе на посадку

reference approach height

исходная схема полета

reference flight procedure

канал передачи данных в полете

flight data link

карта планирования полетов на малых высотах

low altitude flight planning chart

карта полета

aerial map

карта полетов

1. flight chart

2. flight map
категория ИКАО по обеспечению полета

facility performance ICAO category

квалификационная отметка о допуске к визуальным полетам

visual flying rating

Комитет по безопасности полетов

Safety Investigation Board

коммерческий полет

commercial operation

компьютерное планирование полетов

computer flight planning

контролируемое воздушное пространство предназначенное для полетов по приборам

instrument restricted airspace

контролируемый полет

controlled flight

контроль за полетом

flight monitoring

контроль за производством полетов

operating supervision

контроль за ходом полета

flight supervision

контрольный полет

1. check

2. checkout flight
контрольный полет перед приемкой

flight acceptance test

контроль полета

flight watch

конфигурация при полете на маршруте

en-route configuration

короткий полет

hop

крейсерская скорость для полета максимальной дальности

long-range cruise speed

крейсерский полет

1. cruise

2. cruising flight
кресло, расположенное перпендикулярно направлению полета

outboard facing seat

кресло, расположенное по направлению полета

forward facing seat

кресло, расположенное против направления полета

aft facing seat

кривая зависимости коммерческой от дальности полета

payload-range curve

кривая изменения высоты полета

altitude curve

кривизна траектории полета

flight path curvature

круговой маршрут полета

round trip

кругосветный полет

around-the-world flight

круг полета над аэродромом

1. aerodrome circuit

2. aerodrome circle
курсограф траектории полета

flight-path plotter

курс полета

flight course

курсы подготовки пилотов к полетам по приборам

instrument pilot school

левый круг полета

left circuit

летать в режиме бреющего полета

fly at a low level

летная полоса, оборудованная для полетов по приборам

instrument strip

линия полета

line of flight

линия полета по курсу

on-course line

линия пути полета

flight track

магистральный полет

long-distance flight

малошумный полет

noiseless flight

маневр в полете

inflight manoeuvre

маршрут минимального времени полета

minimum time track

маршрутная карта полетов на малых высотах

low altitude en-route chart

маршрутное планирование полетов

en-route flight planning

маршрут полета

1. flight route

2. flight lane
маршрут полета в направлении от вторичных радиосредств

track from secondary radio facility

медицинская служба обеспечения полетов

aeromedical safety division

меры безопасности в полете

flight safety precautions

местные полеты

local flying

метеосводка по трассе полета

airway climatic data

методика выполнения полета с минимальным шумом

minimum noise procedure

механизм для создания условий полета в нестабильной атмосфере

rough air mechanism

механизм открытия защелки в полете

mechanical flight release latch

мешать обзору в полете

obscure inflight view

минимальная высота полета по кругу

minimum circling procedure height

минимальная крейсерская высота полета

minimum cruising level

минимальная скорость полета

minimum flying speed

минимум для полетов по кругу

circling minima

многоэтапный полет

multistage flight

моделирование условий полета

flight simulation

набирать высоту при полете по курсу

climb on the course

набирать заданную скорость полета

obtain the flying speed

нагрузка в полете

flight load

нагрузка в полете от поверхности управления

flight control load

надежность в полете

inflight reliability

наземный ориентир на трассе полета

en-route ground mark

накладывать ограничения на полеты

restrict the operations

намеченный маршрут полета

the route to be flown

направление полета

flight direction

начинать полет

commence the flight

незамкнутый маршрут полета

open-jaw trip

неконтролируемый полет

uncontrolled flight

необходимые меры предосторожности в полете

flight reasonable precautions

неожиданное препятствие в полете

hidden flight hazard

неофициальная информация о полете

unofficial flight information

неправильно оцененное расстояние в полете

misjudged flight distance

неправильно принятое в полете решение

improper in-flight decision

непрерывная запись хода полета

continuous flight record

непригодный к выполнению полетов

unflyable

непроизвольное увеличение высоты полета

altitude gain

неразрешенный полет

unauthorized operation

несбалансированный полет

out-of-trim flight

несоответствие плану полета

flight discrepancy

неуправляемый полет

incontrollable flight

неустановившийся полет

1. unsteady flight

2. transient flight
нижний обзор в полете

downward inflight view

нижний эшелон полета

lower flight level

нормы шума при полетах на эшелоне

level flight noise requirements

ночной полет

night flight

ночные полеты

night-time flying

ночные учебные полеты

night training

обеспечение безопасности полетов

promotion of safety

обеспечение эшелонирования полетов воздушных судов

aircraft separation assurance

обеспечивать соблюдение правил полетов

enforce rules of the air

обзор в полете

inflight view

оборудование автоматического управления полетом

automatic flight control equipment

оборудование для демонстрационных полетов

sign towing equipment

оборудование для полетов в темное время суток

night-flying equipment

оборудование для полетов по приборам

blind flight equipment

обратный маршрут полета

return trip

обратный полет

return

обучение в процессе полетов

flying training

огни на трассе полета

airway lights

ограничение времени полета

flight duty period

ограничение по скорости полета

air-speed limitation

односторонний маршрут полета

single trip

ожидание в процессе полета

hold en-route

ознакомительный полет

familiarization flight

опасные условия полета

hazardous flight conditions

оперативное планирование полетов

operational flight planning

оперировать органами управления полетом

1. handle the flight controls

2. manipulate the flight controls
описание маршрута полета

route description

опознавание в полете

aerial identification

определять зону полета воздушного судна

space the aircraft

организация полетов

flight regulation

ориентировочный прогноз на полет

provisional flight forecast

особые меры в полете

in-flight extreme care

особые случаи выполнения полетов

abnormal operations

особые явления погоды на маршруте полета

en-route weather phenomena

остановка на маршруте полета

en-route stop

остановка при полете обратно

outbound stopover

остановка при полете туда

inbound stopover

осуществлять контроль за ходом полета

exercise flight supervision

отклонение от курса полета

deviation

отклонение от линии горизонтального полета

deviation from the level flight

отклоняться от плана полета

deviate from the flight plan

открытая для полетов ВПП

operational runway

открытый для полетов

navigable

отменять полет

1. cancel the flight

2. cancel operation
отрезок полета

portion of a flight

отсчет показаний при полете на глиссаде

on-slope indication

отчет о полете

flight history

оценка пилотом ситуации в полете

pilot judgement

очередность полетов

air priority

панель контроля хода полета

flight deck

парящие полеты

sail fly

парящий полет

1. soaring flight

2. sailing flight
первый полет

maiden flight

переводить воздушное судно в горизонтальный полет

put the aircraft over

перегоночный полет

1. delivery flight

2. ferry operation
3. ferry flight
передний обзор в полете

forward inflight view

переход в режим горизонтального полета

puchover

перечень необходимого исправного оборудования для полета

minimum equipment item

персонал по обеспечению полетов

flight operations personnel

планирование полетов

flight planning

планирование полетов экипажей

crew scheduling

планируемый полет

intended flight

планирующий полет

gliding flight

план повторяющихся полетов

repetitive flight plan

план полета

flight plan

план полета, переданный с борта

air-filed flight plan

план полета по приборам

instrument flight plan

планшет хода полета

flight progress board

повторный запуск в полете

flight restart

погрешность выдерживания высоты полета

height-keeping error

подвергать полет опасности

jeopardize the flight

подготовка для полетов по приборам

instrument flight training

подготовленная для полетов ВПП

maintained runway

поисковый полет

search operation

полет без крена

wings-level flight

полет в восточном направлении

eastbound flight

полет в зоне ожидания

1. holding flight

2. holding
полет в направлении на станцию

flight inbound the station

полет в направлении от станции

flight outbound the station

полет в невозмущенной атмосфере

still-air flight

полет вне расписания

1. nonscheduled flight

2. unscheduled flight
полет вне установленного маршрута

off-airway flight

полет в нормальных метеоусловиях

normal weather operation

полет в обоих направлениях

back-to-back flight

полет в одном направлении

one-way flight

полет в пределах континента

coast-to-coast flight

полет в режиме висения

hover flight

полет в режиме ожидания

holding operation

полет в режиме ожидания на маршруте

holding en-route operation

полет в связи с особыми обстоятельствами

special event flight

полет в сложных метеоусловиях

bad-weather flight

полет в строю

formation flight

полет в условиях болтанки

1. bumpy-air flight

2. turbulent flight
полет в условиях отсутствия видимости

nonvisual flight

полет в условиях плохой видимости

low-visibility flight

полет в установленной зоне

standoff flight

полет в установленном секторе

sector flight

полет для выполнения наблюдений с воздуха

1. aerial survey flight

2. aerial survey operation
полет для выполнения работ

1. aerial work operation

2. aerial work flight
полет для контроля состояния посевов

crop control flight

полет для контроля состояния посевов с воздуха

crop control operation

полет для ознакомления с местностью

orientation flight

полет для оказания медицинской помощи

aerial ambulance operation

полет для проверки летных характеристик

performance flight

полет для разведки метеорологической обстановки

meteorological reconnaissance flight

полет на автопилоте

autocontrolled flight

полет на аэростате

ballooning

полет на буксире

aerotow flight

полет на дальность

distance flight

полет над водным пространством

1. overwater flight

2. overwater operation
полет над облаками

overweather flight

полет над открытым морем

flight over the high seas

полет на конечном этапе захода на посадку

final approach operation

полет на короткое расстояние

1. flip

2. short-haul flight
полет на крейсерском режиме

normal cruise operation

полет на критическом угле атаки

stall flight

полет на малой высоте

low flying operation

полет на малой скорости

low-speed flight

полет на малом газе

idle flight

полет на малых высотах

low flight

полет на номинальном расчетном режиме

with rated power flight

полет на одном двигателе

single-engined flight

полет на ориентир

directional homing

полет на полном газе

full-throttle flight

полет на продолжительность

endurance flight

полет на режиме авторотации

autorotational flight

полет на среднем участке маршрута

mid-course flight

полет на участке между третьим и четвертым разворотами

base leg operation

полетное время, продолжительность полета в данный день

flying time today

полет, открывающий воздушное сообщение

inaugural flight

полет под наблюдением

supervised flight

полет по дополнительному маршруту

extra section flight

полет по заданной траектории

desired path flight

полет по заданному маршруту

desired track flight

полет по замкнутому кругу

closed-circuit flight

полет по замкнутому маршруту

round-trip

полет по индикации на стекле

head-up flight

полет по инерции

1. coasting flight

2. coast
полет по коробочке

box-pattern flight

полет по круговому маршруту

1. round-trip flight

2. circling
полет по кругу

circuit-circling

полет по кругу в районе аэродрома

aerodrome traffic circuit operation

полет по кругу над аэродромом

1. aerodrome circuit-circling

2. aerodrome circling
полет по курсу

flight on heading

полет по локсодромии

rhumb-line flight

полет по маршруту

1. en-route operation

2. en-route flight
полет по маякам ВОР

VOR course flight

полет по наземным ориентирам

visual navigation flight

полет по наземным ориентирам или по командам наземных станций

reference flight

полет по полному маршруту

entire flight

полет по приборам

1. blind flight

2. instrument flight
3. head-down flight
4. instrument flight rules operation
полет по приборам, обязательный для данной зоны

compulsory IFR flight

полет по размеченному маршруту

point-to-point flight

полет по расписанию

1. scheduled flight

2. regular flight
полет по сигналам с земли

directed reference flight

полет по условным меридианам

grid flight

полет по установленным правилам

flight under the rules

полет с боковым ветром

cross-wind flight

полет с визуальной ориентировкой

visual contact flight

полет с выключенным двигателем

engine-off flight

полет с выключенными двигателями

power-off flight

полет с дозаправкой топлива в воздухе

refuelling flight

полет с инструктором

1. dual flight

2. dual operation
полет с креном

banked flight

полет с набором высоты

1. nose-up flying

2. climbing flight
полет с несимметричной тягой двигателей

asymmetric flight

полет с обычным взлетом и посадкой

conventional flight

полет со встречным ветром

head-wind flight

полет со снижением

1. downward flight

2. nose-down flying
3. descending operation
4. descending flight
полет со сносом

drift flight

полет с отклонением

diverted flight

полет с парированием сноса

crabbing flight

полет с пересечением границ

border-crossing flight

полет с помощью радионавигационных средств

radio navigation flight

полет с попутным ветром

tailwind flight

полет с посадкой

entire journey

полет с постоянным курсом

single-heading flight

полет с промежуточной остановкой

one-stop flight

полет с работающим двигателем

engine-on flight

полет с работающими двигателями

1. powered flight

2. power-on flight
полет с сопровождающим

chased flight

полет с убранными закрылками

flapless flight

полет с уменьшением скорости

decelerating flight

полет с ускорением

accelerated flight

полет с целью перебазирования

positioning flight

полет с целью установления координат объекта поиска

aerial spotting operation

полет с частного воздушного судна

private flight

полет туда-обратно

1. turn-around operation

2. turnround flight
полет туда — обратно

out-and-return flight

полет хвостом вперед

rearward flight

полеты авиации общего назначения

general aviation operations

полеты воздушных судов

aircraft flying

полеты в районе открытого моря

off-shore operations

полеты в светлое время суток

daylight operations

полеты в темное время суток

night operations

полеты гражданских воздушных судов

civil air operations

полеты на высоких эшелонах

high-level operations

полеты на малых высотах

low flying

полеты планера

glider flying

полеты по воздушным трассам

airways flying

полеты по изобаре

pressure flying

полеты по контрольным точкам

fix-to-fix flying

полеты по кругу

circuit flying

полеты по наземным естественным ориентирам

terrain fly

полеты по низким метеоминимумам

low weather operations

полеты по обратному лучу

back beam flying

полеты по ортодромии

great-circle flying

полеты по прямому лучу

front beam flying

полеты по радиолучу

radio-beam fly

полеты с использованием радиомаяков

radio-range fly

получать задания на полет

receive flight instruction

по полету

looking forward

порядок действий во время полета

inflight procedure

посадка на маршруте полета

intermediate landing

правила визуального полета

1. visual flight rules

2. contact flight rules
правила полета в аварийной обстановке

emergency flight procedures

правила полета по кругу

circuit rules

правила полетов

1. rules of the air

2. flight rules
правила полетов по приборам

instrument flight rules

правый круг полета

1. right circuit

2. right-hand circle
предварительная заявка на полет

advance flight plan

предварительные меры по обеспечению безопасности полетов

advance arrangements

предписанный маршрут полета

prescribed flight track

предполагаемая траектория полета

intended flight path

представление плана полета

submission of a flight plan

представлять план полета

submit the flight plan

предупреждение опасных условий полета

avoidance of hazardous conditions

преимущественное право полета

traffic privilege

препятствие на пути полета

air obstacle

прерванный полет

aborted operation

прерывать полет

1. break the journey

2. abort the flight
пригодность для полета на местных воздушных линиях

local availability

пригодный для полета только в светлое время суток

available for daylight operation

придерживаться плана полета

adhere to the flight plan

приемно-сдаточный полет

acceptance flight

приспособление для захвата объектов в процессе полета

flight pick-up equipment

проведение работ по снижению высоты препятствий для полетов

obstacle clearing

проверено в полете

flight checked

проверка в полете

flight check

проверка готовности экипажа к полету

flight crew supervision

проверка обеспечения полетов на маршруте

route-proving trial

программа всепогодных полетов

all-weather operations program

прогулочные полеты

pleasure flying

прогулочный полет

1. pleasure operation

2. pleasure flight
3. с осмотром достопримечательностей sight-seeing flight
продолжать полет

continue the flight

продолжать полет на аэронавигационном запасе топлива

continue operating on the fuel reserve

продолжительность полета

1. flight endurance

2. flight duration
продолжительность полета без дозаправки топливом

nonrefuelling duration

прокладка маршрута полета

flight routing

прокладка маршрута полета согласно указанию службы управления движением

air traffic control routing

пространственная ориентация в полете

inflight spatial orientation

против полета

looking aft

прямолинейный полет

straight flight

пункт трассы полета

airway fix

пункт управления полетами

operations tower

рабочий эшелон полета

usable flight level

радиолокационный обзор в полете

inflight radar scanning

разбор полета

postflight debriefing

разворот на курс полета

joining turn

разрешение в процессе полета по маршруту

en-route clearance

разрешение на выполнение плана полета

flight plan clearance

разрешение на выполнение полета

permission for operation

разрешение на полет

1. flight clearance

2. operational clearance
разрешение на полет в зоне ожидания

holding clearance

разрешение на полет по приборам

instrument clearance

разрешенные полеты на малой высоте

authorized low flying

разрешенный полет

authorized operation

районный диспетчерский пункт управления полетами

area flight control

район полетов верхнего воздушного пространства

upper flight region

распечатка сведений о полете

navigation hard copy

расписание полетов

flight timetable

расходы при подготовке к полетам

pre-operating costs

расчет времени полета

time-of-flight calculation

расчетная дальность полета

design flying range

расчетная скорость полета

reference flight speed

расчетное время полета

estimated time of flight

реальные условия полета

actual flight conditions

регистратор параметров полета

1. flight data recorder

2. black box
регистрация плана полета

flight plan filing

регистрировать план полета

file the flight plan

регулярность полетов

regularity of operations

режим полета

1. mode of flight

2. flight mode
резервный план полета

stored flight plan

рекламный полет

advertizing flight

рекомендации по обеспечению безопасности полетов

safety recommendations

рекомендуемая траектория полета

desired flight path

руководство по полетам воздушных судов гражданской авиации

civil air regulations

руководство по производству полетов в зоне аэродрома

aerodrome rules

руководство по управлению полетами

flight control fundamentals

самостоятельный полет

1. solo flight

2. solo operation
сближение в полете

air miss

сбор за аэронавигационное обслуживание на трассе полета

en-route facility charge

сверхзвуковой полет

supersonic flight

свидетельство о допуске к полетам

certificate of safety for flight

свободный полет

free flight

свободный эшелон полета

odd flight level

связь для управления полетами

control communication

связь по обеспечению регулярности полетов

flight regularity communication

сдвиг ветра в зоне полета

flight wind shear

Секция полетов и летной годности

operations-airworthiness Section

(ИКАО)
сертификационный испытательный полет

certification test flight

сертифицировать как годный к полетам

certify as airworthy

сигнал действий в полете

flight urgency signal

сигнализация аварийной обстановки в полете

air alert warning

сигнал между воздушными судами в полете

air-to-air signal

сигнал полета по курсу

on-course signal

система имитации полета

flight simulation system

система инспектирования полетов

flight inspection system

система информации о состоянии безопасности полетов

aviation safety reporting system

система обеспечения полетов

flight operations system

система предупреждения конфликтных ситуаций в полете

conflict alert system

система управления полетом

1. flight control system

2. flight management system
сквозной полет

through flight

скольжение в направлении полета

forwardslip

скоростной полет

high-speed flight

скорость горизонтального полета

level-flight speed

скорость набора высоты при полете по маршруту

en-route climb speed

скорость полета

flight speed

скорость полета на малом газе

flight idle speed

скорость установившегося полета

steady flight speed

следить за полетом

monitor the flight

служба безопасности полетов

airworthiness division

служба обеспечения полетов

flight service

смещенный эшелон полета

staggered flight level

снежный заряд в зоне полета

inflight snow showers

снижать высоту полета воздушного судна

push the aircraft down

создавать опасность полету

make an operation hazardous

сообщение о ходе выполнения полета

progress report

составлять план полета

complete the flight plan

состояние годности к полетам

flyable status

состояние готовности ВПП к полетам

clear runway status

списание девиации в полете

airswinging

списание девиации компаса в полете

air compass swinging

списание радиодевиации в полете

airborne error measurement

способствовать выполнению полета

affect flight operation

средства обеспечения полета

flying aids

средства обеспечения полетов по приборам

nonvisual aids

срок представления плана на полет

flight plan submission deadline

станция службы обеспечения полетов

flight service station

схема визуального полета по кругу

visual circling procedure

схема полета

flight procedure

схема полета в зоне ожидания

holding procedure

схема полета по кругу

1. circling procedure

2. circuit pattern
схема полета по маршруту

en-route procedure

схема полета по приборам

instrument flight procedure

схема полета по приборам в зоне ожидания

instrument holding procedure

схема полета с минимальным расходом топлива

fuel savings procedure

схема полетов

bug

схема полетов по кругу

traffic circuit

счетчик дальности полета

distance flown counter

счетчик пройденного километража в полете

air-mileage indicator

счисление пути полета

flight dead reckoning

считывание показаний приборов в полете

flight instrument reading

таблица эшелонов полета

flight level table

тариф для отдельного участка полета

sectorial fare

тариф для полета в одном направлении

single fare

тариф для полетов внутри одной страны

cabotage fare

тариф на отдельном участке полета

sectorial rate

тариф на полет в ночное время суток

night fare

тариф на полет по замкнутому кругу

round trip fare

тариф на полет с возвратом в течение суток

day round trip fare

текущий план полета

current flight plan

теория полета

theory of flight

техника выполнения полетов

operating technique

тип полета

flight type

точность слежения за траекторией полета

path tracking accuracy

траектория горизонтального полета

1. horizontal flight path

2. level flight path
траектория неустановившегося полета

transient flight path

траектория полета

flight path

траектория полета в зоне ожидания

holding path

траектория полета наименьшей продолжительности

minimum flight path

траектория полета по маршруту

en-route flight path

траектория полета с предпосылкой к конфликтной ситуации

conflicting flight path

траектория полетов по низким минимумам погоды

low weather minima path

трансконтинентальный полет

overland flight

тренажер для подготовки к полетам по приборам

instrument flight trainer

тренировочный полет

1. practice flight

2. training flight
3. practice operation
4. training operation
тренировочный полет с инструктором

training dual flight

тренировочный самостоятельный полет

training solo flight

тяга в полете

flight thrust

увеличивать дальность полета

extend range

угол наклона траектории полета

flight path angle

угрожать безопасности полетов

jeopardize flight safety

угроза безопасности полетов

flight safety hazard

угроза применения взрывчатого устройства в полете

inflight bomb threat

удостоверение на право полета по авиалинии

airline certificate

удостоверение на право полета по приборам

instrument certificate

указания по условиям эксплуатации в полете

inflight operational instructions

указатель местоположения в полете

air position indicator

указатель утвержденных маршрутов полета

routing indicator

управление воздушным движением на трассе полета

airways control

управление полетом

flight management

управляемый полет

1. man-directed flight

2. vectored flight
управлять ходом полета

govern the flight

уровень безопасности полетов воздушного судна

aircraft safety factor

условия в полете

in-flight conditions

условия нагружения в полете

flight loading conditions

условное обозначение в сообщении о ходе полета

flight report identification

условное обозначение события в полете

flight occurrence identification

устанавливать режим полета

establish the flight conditions

установившийся полет

1. stationary flight

2. unaccelerated flight
3. stabilized flight
4. steady flight
установленная схема полета по кругу

fixed circuit

установленные обязанности в полете

prescribed flight duty

установленный маршрут полета

the route to be followed

установленный порядок выполнения полета

approved flight procedure

устойчивость в полете

inflight stability

устойчивость на траектории полета

arrow flight stability

утвержденный план полета

approved flight plan

уточнение задания на полет

flight coordination

уточнение плана полета

change to a flight plan

уточнение плана полета по сведениям, полученным в полете

inflight operational planning

уточнять план полета

modify the flight plan

ухудшение в полете

flight deterioration

участник полета

1. flyer

2. flier
участок крейсерского полета

cruising segment

участок маршрута полета

1. air leg

2. airborne segment
участок полета без коммерческих прав

blind sector

участок траектории полета

flight path segment

учебные полеты

instruction flying

учебный полет

instructional operation

учебный полет с инструктором

instructional dual flight

учебный проверочный полет

instructional check flight

учебный самостоятельный полет

instructional solo flight

фактическая траектория полета

actual flight path

фигурный полет

acrobatic flight

характеристика набора высоты при полете по маршруту

en-route climb performance

целевой полет

itinerant operation

цепь поля возбуждения

exciting circuit

цифровая система наведения в полете

digital flight guidance system

чартерный рейс при наличии регулярных полетов

on-line charter

чартерный рейс при отсутствии регулярных полетов

off-line charter

частота на маршруте полета

en-route frequency

частота полетов

frequency of operations

челночные полеты

shuttle flights

чрезвычайное обстоятельство в полете

flight emergency circumstance

широковещательная радиостанция службы обеспечения полетов

aerodynamic broadcast station

шторка слепого полета

instrument flying bind

экспериментальный полет

1. experimental flight

2. experimental operation
эксплуатационная дальность полета

flight service range

эксплуатационная дальность полета воздушного судна

aircraft operational range

электронная система управления полетом

flight management computer system

этапа полета в пределах одного государства

domestic flight stage

этап полета

1. operation phase

2. flight stage
этап полета над другим государством

international flight stage

этап полета по маршруту

en-route flight phase

этап полета, указанный в полетном купоне

flight coupon stage

эшелонирование полетов воздушных судов

aircraft spacing

эшелон полета

flight level

Contents

  • 1 Section 1
    • 1.1 Questions 1-5
    • 1.2 Questions 6-9
    • 1.3 Tetanus Injection
    • 1.4 Questions 10-12
    • 1.5 Visiting Melbourne
    • 1.6 Photocopy cards
    • 1.7 Questions 11 and 12:
  • 2 Section 2
    • 2.1 Clubs For Students
      • 2.1.1 A. Commonwealth Trust
      • 2.1.2 B. Charles Peguy Centre
      • 2.1.3 C. Kensington Committee of Friendship for Overseas Students
      • 2.1.4 D. Royal Overseas League
      • 2.1.5 E. YMCA London Central
      • 2.1.6 F. London Inter-Varsity Club (IVC)
      • 2.1.7 G. Central Club
    • 2.2 Questions 20-27
      • 2.2.1 International Students House
  • 3 Section 3
    • 3.1 The Discovery of Uranus
    • 3.2 Questions 28-32
    • 3.3 Questions 33-37
    • 3.4 Questions 38 – 41
  • 4 Answer Key 
    • 4.1 Section 1
    • 4.2 Section 2
    • 4.3 Section 3

The IELTS General Training Reading will give you 60 minutes to complete 3 sections where the question subject will be everyday/ general topics.

Section 1

Start at the beginning of the test and work through it. You should answer all questions.

If you cannot do a particular question, leave it and go on to the next. You can return to it later.

Questions 1-5

Look at the advertisement for cheap theatre tickets. Match the information about the service with questions A-F in the picture.

Write the appropriate letters A-F in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.

General Reading Practice test 13

Example: Answer A

Cheap – Tix staff are theatre lovers too. They see almost every show in town and can give advice on a show to suit your requirements. Tourist maps and brochures are also available at the Cheap – Tix booth.

1 In the word ‘cash’. Credit cards, cheques or travellers’ cheques are not accepted.

2 Tickets available to shows all over town are collected each morning from theatre box offices and ticket agencies and are offered for sale from 10 a.m at the Cheap – Tix booth in the city mall.

3 Cheap – Tix does not offer advance bookings or sales information. Customers must come in person to the Cheap – Tix booth on the day of the performance. Shows available are listed on the bulletin boards. There is no direct telephone link with the Cheap – Tix sales booth.

4 Anyone who goes to the Cheap – Tix booth can buy whatever tickets are available, making the service ideal for groups.

5 Cheap – Tix will sell tickets to any show it can get. This includes rock concerts and musicals.

Questions 6-9

Read the following advice about preventing tetanus. Do the statements that follow agree with the information given in the text?

In the boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet write:

TRUE                                    if the statement is true

FALSE                                  if the statement is false

NOT GIVEN                        if the information is not given in the passage

IELTS General reading ebook

IELTS Reading (General) Actual Tests with Answers (July — October 2022) | eBook

4.8 of 90 Reviews

Written by professional IELTS teachers to help candidates on the big day

Written by professional IELTS teachers to help candidates on the big day

Tetanus Injection

All wounds carry a risk of infection. Dirty wounds, in particular, carry a risk of tetanus infection. The bacteria that cause tetanus are present in the soil and in animal faces. If they get into a wound they multiply very rapidly. Tetanus is a serious, potentially fatal condition. It can cause muscle spasms and leads to lockjaw. It can be prevented by a tetanus injection.

Have regular tetanus injections. A booster is recommended every five years. Always check that you are covered after any injury where the skin is broken.

Be particularly sure that children have regular tetanus injections. They are more prone to falling over and getting dirt in a wound than adults.

6 Tetanus can kill you.

7 Household pets should be given tetanus injections.

8 A single tetanus injection provides permanent protection.

9 Children have a higher risk than adults of getting tetanus.

Questions 10-12

Read the following advertisements and answer the questions. Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 10-12 on your answer sheet.

Visiting Melbourne

Pick up a copy of This Week in Melbourne It’s full of up-to-the-minute information on:

  • sightseeing
  • shopping
  • antiques and galleries
  • wineries
  • entertainment
  • dining out and accommodation

Copies are available from the Victorian Government Travel Centre, 10 Jones Street, Sydney.

10 What is being advertised?

A a hotel

B guided tour

C a shopping mall

D a tourist magazine

Photocopy cards

The college has introduced a new card system for obtaining photocopies called COPY CARD which replaces the old system. The most important feature of the new card system is card reusability. When you have used up all the credits on your card, you simply recharge it.

To get your COPY CARD:

  1. go to the Students’ Union office. When you have used the current credit in the card, simply return the card along with a cash payment for the amount of credit you want to be added, or
  2. There is a card dispenser in the library.

There is a unit cost of $1.50 per card.

If you have any further enquiries you can contact the Technical Officer at the Students’ Union.

Questions 11 and 12:

11 The old cards ………………….

A were cheaper

B were not reliable

C could not be used again

D cost $1.50

12 When your card has run out of credits ……………….

A you can decide how many more credits you want to buy

B you have to pay $1.50

C you should contact the Technical Officer

D you will have to buy a new one

Also check :

  • IELTS Reading
  • Tips to Improve IELTS Reading Skills
  • IELTS Reading Practice Test
  • True False Not Given IELTS Reading
  • IELTS Reading recent actual test
  • IELTS Academic Reading test papers with answers pdf
  • IELTS General reading practice test
  • IELTS General Training

Section 2

You have to spend not more than 20 mins on questions 13 – 27

Look at the article Club for Students below. Which club would you contact for each of the requirements below? Write the appropriate letter A-G in boxes 15-21 on your answer sheet. You may use each letter more than once.

The first one has been done for you as an example.

Example – You wish to go swimming at 7 am every morning. Answer – G

13 You would like to take Spanish classes.

14 You want to join a club that has international branches.

15 You would like an opportunity to speak in public.

16 You would like to take part in amateur theatrical productions.

17 You want to visit some famous sites with a group of other students.

18 You are interested in finding out about part-time work.

19 You want to meet some English people who have started their careers.

Clubs For Students

There are a variety of Clubs which provide social and cultural activities for those wishing to meet others with similar interests from the same or from different national backgrounds.

A. Commonwealth Trust

Organized discussion meetings, learned talks, cultural events excursions to places of interest and invitations to major British diary events Open to overseas visitors and students.

B. Charles Peguy Centre

French youth centre providing advice, support and information to young Europeans aged between 18-30. Facilities include an information and advice service regarding education, work placement and general welfare rights. Moreover, the centre holds a database of jobs, accommodation and au pair placements specifically in London. Members may use a fax machine, a copier and computers for CVs.

Hours Monday: 14.00-17.00

Tuesday-Friday: 10.00-17.00

Membership: £35 per year, plus £5 per month.

C. Kensington Committee of Friendship for Overseas Students

KCOF is a society for young people from all countries. Each month there are some 40 parties, discos, visits to theatres, concerts, walks and other gatherings where you will be able to meet lots of people. A new programme is sent each month directly to members (£5 to join in October, less later in the year). Events are free or at low often reduced prices. Office open 10.30-17.30 weekdays only.

D. Royal Overseas League

Open 365 days per year, this is a club with facilities in London and Edinburgh with restaurants, bars and accommodation. There are branches around the world and 57 reciprocal clubs worldwide. Quarterly magazine, literary lectures, an annual music and art competitions, and summer and winter programme of events for members. Membership fees overseas students aged 17-24 £47 per year + initial joining fee £23.50; others £70 per year + initial joining fee £35 (half price after July). Further information from the Membership Secretary.

E. YMCA London Central

Facilities include photography, art, drama, pottery, language courses, badminton, squash, exercise to music, circuit training, sports clinic, fitness testing and other activities. Hours weekdays 07.00-22.30, weekends 10.00-21.00. Membership fees: aged 16-17 £25 per year plus attendance charge of £1 30 per visit; aged 18-19 £213 per year; aged 20-25 £366 per year

F. London Inter-Varsity Club (IVC)

IVC is an activity and social club with a varied range of events, from cycling and drama to windsurfing and yoga. Most members are young English professionals, but overseas visitors are welcome. The club arranges restaurant meals, dancing and parties, weekends away around Britain, plus a weekly club night in a Covent Garden bar. There are usually over 25 different events every week run by IVG members for IVC members. To find out more, telephone the club or write (Freepost) to the office.

G. Central Club

Provides accommodation and club facilities. No membership fee. Coffee shop open for all meals swimming pool (open 06.00), multi-gym, hairdressing salon.

Questions 20-27

Read the article on International Students House and look at the statements below. In boxes 20-27 on your answer sheet write

True – If the statement is true

False – If the statement is false

Not Given – If the information is not given in the passage

Example: The club is for overseas students only, Answer – False

20 The club has long-term dormitory accommodation.

21 Membership must be renewed monthly.

22 The club provides subsidised restaurant meals.

23 The club is open to non-members on Tuesday evenings.

24 STA Travel helps finance the Students Adviser.

25 The services of the Students Adviser are free to all club members.

26 You must make an appointment to see the Students Adviser.

27 There will be a surcharge for accommodation over the Christmas period.

International Students House

International Students House is a unique club and accommodation centre for British and overseas students in London. It is located in the heart of London’s West End and is close to all public transport facilities.

Accommodations

  • comfortable accommodation for up to 450 people in single, twin, 3/4 bedded and multi-bedded rooms
  • 44 self-contained flats for married students and families
  • long and short stays welcome

Membership

Club membership is open to all full-time students, professional trainees, student nurses and au pairs. Membership costs are kept to an absolute minimum to enable the widest possible access. You can join for as little as one month and for up to one year at a time. Membership entitles you to use the various facilities of the House. It has:

  • restaurants
  • student bars and coffee shop
  • study rooms
  • clubs and societies
  • aerobics and fitness training
  • discos, dance, jazz and cinema
  • travel and excursions and much more! The best way to check out all we have on offer is to drop in any Tuesday evening between 7.15 pm and 8.30 pm for Open House in the Club Room. This is an opportunity for you to meet the staff and other club members, enjoy a free cup of coffee and find out all about what’s going on. You can take advantage of special membership offers. (Useful tip: bring along 3 passport size photographs if you wish to take out membership.)

Advice Service

Thanks to the support of STA Travel and in association with LCOS (the London Conference on Overseas Students) International Students House now provides the service of an International Students Adviser. This new welfare service is open to all students at London’s bonafide academic institutions. It aims to provide welfare support to help students overcome any personal or practical difficulties they may be experiencing whilst studying in Britain. One of the key features of the Advice Service is that the Adviser can be seen during the evenings until about 8 pm, Monday to Thursday.

Christmas & New Years

Unable to get home for Christmas? How about joining in the fun at the International Students House! Check out our special programme of activity taking place over the Christmas period. Even come and stay – the House will be offering reduced accommodation rates for students wishing to spend a few days in London over Christmas. We’ll also have an exciting New Year’s Eve party so come and join us and ring in the new year in the spirit of internationalism.

Section 3

Read the following passage and answer questions 28-41

The Discovery of Uranus

Someone once put forward an attractive though unlikely theory. Throughout the Earth’s annual revolution around the sun, there is one point of space always hidden from our eyes. This point is the opposite part of the Earth’s orbit, which is always hidden by the sun. Could there be another planet there, essentially similar to our own, but always invisible?

If a space probe today sent back evidence that such a world existed it would cause not much more sensation than Sir William Herschel’s discovery of a new planet, Uranus, in 1781. Herschel was an extraordinary man — no other astronomer has ever covered so vast a field of work — and his career deserves study. He was born in Hanover in Germany in 1738, left the German army in 1757, and arrived in England the same year with no money but quite exceptional music ability. He played the violin and oboe and at one time was organist in the Octagon Chapel in the city of Bath. Herschel’s was an active mind, and deep inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny; he, therefore, read widely in science and the arts, but not until 1772 did he come across a book on astronomy. He was then 34, middle-aged by the standards of the time, but without hesitation he embarked on his new career, financing it by his professional work as a musician. He spent years mastering the art of telescope construction, and even by present-day standards, his instruments are comparable with the best.

The serious observation began in 1774. He set himself the astonishing task of ‘reviewing the heavens’ in other words, pointing his telescope to every accessible part of the sky and recording what he saw. The first review was made in 1775; the second, and most momentous, in 1780-81. It was during the latter part of this that he discovered Uranus. Afterwards, supported by the royal grant in recognition of his work, he was able to devote himself entirely to astronomy. His final achievements spread from the sun and moon to remote galaxies (of which he discovered hundreds), and papers flooded from his pen until his death in 1822. Among these, there was one sent to the Royal Society in 1781, entitled An Account of a Comet. In his own words:

On Tuesday the 13th of March, between ten and eleven in the evening, while I was examining the small stars in the neighbourhood of H Geminorum, I perceived one that appeared visibly larger than the rest; being struck with its uncommon magnitude, I compared it to H Geminorum and the small star in the quartile between Auriga and Gemini, and finding it to be much larger than either of them, suspected it to be a comet.

Herschel’s care was the hallmark of a great observer; he was not prepared to jump any conclusions. Also, to be fair, the discovery of a new planet was the last thought in anybody’s mind. But further observation by other astronomers besides Herschel revealed two curious facts. For the comet, it showed a remarkably sharp disc; furthermore, it was moving so slowly that it was thought to be a great distance from the sun, and comets are only normally visible in the immediate vicinity of the sun. As its orbit came to be worked out the truth dawned that it was a new planet far beyond Saturn’s realm and that the ‘reviewer of the heavens’ had stumbled across an unprecedented prize. Herschel wanted to call it Georgian sidus (Star of George) in honour of his royal patron King George III of Great Britain. The planet was later for a time called Herschel in honour of its discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.

Uranus is a giant in construction, but not so much in size; its diameter compares unfavourably with that of Jupiter and Saturn, though on the terrestrial scale it is still colossal. Uranus’s atmosphere consists largely of hydrogen and helium, with a trace of methane. Through a telescope, the planet appears as a small bluish-green disc with a faint green periphery. In 1977, while recording the occultation 1 of a star behind the planet, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling the equator of Uranus. Four more rings were discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of Voyager 2 2, In addition to its rings, Uranus has 15 satellites (‘moons’), the last 10 discovered by Voyager 2 on the same flight; all revolve about its equator and move with the planet in an east-west direction. The two largest moons, Titania and Oberon, were discovered by Herschel in 1787. The next two, Umbriel and Ariel, were found in 1851 by the British astronomer William Lassell. Miranda, thought before 1986 to be the innermost moon, was discovered in 1948 by the American astronomer Gerard Peter Kuiper.

Questions 28-32

Complete the table below. Write a date for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 28-32 on your answer sheet.

Event Date
Example: William Herschel was born Answer: 1738
Herschel began investigating astronomy 28___
Discover of the planet Uranus 29___
Discovery of the moons Titania and Oberon 30___
The first discovery of Uranus’s rings 31___
Discovery of last 10 moons of Uranus 32___

Questions 33-37

Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer of the Reading Passage?

In boxes 33-37 on your answer sheet write

Yes – If the statement reflects the claims of the writer

No – If the statement contradicts the writer

Not Given – If it’s impossible to say what the writer feels about it

Example: Herschel was multitalented. Answer – Yes

33 It is improbable that there is a planet hidden behind the sun.

34 Herschel knew immediately that he had found a new planet.

35 Herschel collaborated with other astronomers of his time.

36 Herschel’s newly-discovered object was considered to be too far from the sun to be a comet.

37 Herschel’s discovery was the most important find of the last three hundred years.

Questions 38 – 41

Complete each of the following statements and write your answers in the answer sheet.

The suggested names of the new planet started with ___ 37 ___, then ___ 38 ___, before finally settling on Uranus. The first five rings around Uranus were discovered by ___ 39 ___ From 1948 until 1986, the moon ___ 40 ___ was believed to be the moon closest to the surface of Uranus.

Answer Key 

Section 1

1  C
2 E
3 D
4 F
5 B
6 True
7 Not Given
8 False
9 True
10 D
11 C
12 A

Section 2

13 E
14 D
15 A
16 E
17 A
18 B
19 False
20 True
21 False
22 NG
23 True
24 True
25 NG
26 NG
27 False

Section 3

28 1772
29 1781
30 1787
31 1977
32 1986
33 Yes
34 No
35 Not Given
36 Yes
37 Not Given
38 Georgium sidus
39 Herschel
40 James L. Elliott
41 Miranda

Practice Test 12<< >>Practice Test 14

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