Struggle for survival егэ ответы

12922. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A. Computers have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.

B. Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement, ‘That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ However, progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into re- search as in the 1960s.

C. Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! Lots of people have benefited from aspirin and lots of lives have been saved by penicillin. Surgeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average life expectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years.

D. In the past, a holiday used to mean simply a day when you did not work. Now millions of holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists in their countries, but we must admit that a phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble is a wonder of the world.

E. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship. We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.

F. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, ‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians’. In Europe farmers have done it and we produce enough food to feed the world.

If only politicians could find a way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.

G. The greatest wonder of the modern world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we try our best not to use them. Because of people’s effort no government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise awareness of the issues of war and peace.

Вопрос по английскому языку:

Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырёх разделов («Аудирование, «Чтение», «Грамматика и лексика», «Письмо»), включающих в себя 40 заданий.
На выполнение экзаменационной работы отводится 3 часа (180 минут).

Пробный вариант составлен на основе официальной демоверсии от ФИПИ за 2021 год по русскому языку.

В конце варианта приведены правильные ответы ко всем заданиям. Вы можете свериться с ними и найти у себя ошибки.

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Интересные задания

10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Struggle for Survival
2. Ancient Wonder
3. Great Beginning
4. Important Event
5. Tourist Boom
6. Agriculture Success
7. Practical Invention
8. Living Longer

A. Computers have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.
B. Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement, ‘That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ However, progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into research as in the 1960s.
C. Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! Lots of people have benefited from aspirin and lots of lives have been saved by penicillin. Surgeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average life expectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years.
D. In the past, a holiday used to mean simply a day when you did not work. Now millions of holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists in their countries, but we must admit that a phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble is a wonder of the world.
E. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship. We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.
F. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, ‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of olcorn grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians’. In Europe farmers have done it and we produce enough food to feed the world. If only politicians could find a way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.
G. The greatest wonder of the modern world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we try our best not to use them. Because of people’s effort no government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise awareness of the issues of war and peace.

12. The main aim of Sean’s visit to Spain was
1) to climb the highest peak on the Spanish mainland.
2) touring and walking.
3) to try the regional cuisine.
4) to enjoy the country’s robust red wines.

13. At that time of year, the mountain’s snowy trails were
1) icy.
2) slippery.
3) difficult.
4) uncompicated.

14. Megan and Aidan had to wait till morning because
1) Megan didn’t speak Spanish.
2) the chairlifts didn’t work at night.
3) the couldn’t find any help.
4) a hotel clerk’s directions were wrong.

15. Sean
1) reached Mulhacén’s summit by mid-afternoon.
2) lost his way.
3) descended until dawn.
4) decided to spend the night in the wooden hut.

16. Sean could not make the ridge because
1) it was too far.
2) he was very tired.
3) of a blizzard.
4) of a strong wind and poor visibility.

17. Sean fell down the slope because
1) a strong wind was blowing.
2) the slope was too steep.
3) he didn’t have special equipment.
4) he didn’t us his trekking poles.

18. While falling, Sean
1) was not injured.
2) injured his head.
3) shattered his kneecap.
4) broke his leg.

39. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Gloria who writes:

… I’ve always wanted to visit Moscow, to see the sights and to try Russian food so it’ll be great to spend a week at your place. Any ideas as to what we could do? Should I bring any special clothes?
Do let me know if there is anything I can get you from England…

Write back to Gloria.
In your letter
− answer his questions giving relevant details
− ask 3 questions about his birthday party
Write 100–140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

40. Comment one of the following statements.

40.1. The invention of the car changed the world for the better.

40.2 Violence on TW leads to violence in society and, therefore, must be forbidden

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ЕГЭ по Русскому языку 11 класс 2021. Типовой тренировочный вариант №2 от 14 сентября №200914 (задания и ответы)

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РАЗДЕЛ 2. ЧТЕНИЕ

В2

Установите соответствие между заголовками А—Н и текстами 1—7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу- Исполь­зуйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один за­головок лишний.

A. Struggle for Survival Е. Tourist Boom

B. Ancient Wonder F. Agriculture Success
С Great Beginning G. Practical Invention
D. Important Event H. Living Longer

1. Computers have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.
2. Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement, That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ How-

ever, progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into research as in the 1960s.

1. Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! Lots of people have benefited from the aspirin and lots of lives have been saved by penicil­lin. Suigeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average life ex­pectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years.
2. In the past, a holiday used to mean simply a day when you did not work. Now millions of holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists in their countries, but we must admit that a phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble is a wonder of the world.
3. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friend­ship. We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.
4. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, ‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians.’ In Europe farmers have done it and we produce enough food to feed the world. If only politicians could find a way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.
5. The greatest wonder of the modern world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we try our best not to use them. Because of people’s effort no government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise awareness of the issues of war and peace.

1	2	3	4	5	6	7

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1—6 частями предложений, обозначенными буквами A—G. Одна из час­тей в списке A—G лишняя. Перенесите ответы в таблицу.

Clothing is a distinctly human artefact. Even more than the use of tools, it distinguishes humans from the other creatures on this

planet. The basic purpose of clothing was originally practical. By put­ting on a skin, humans were able to move into regions

1 . An example of this use of clothing can be

seen among the Eskimos, and other people who live with extreme
cold. However, clothing was not only used for protection, but has al­
so been a means of displaying one’s status. Thus clothing also devel­
oped in countries 2 .

Clothing tells us many things about the wearer. It can be used to

indicate 3 . The most extreme example of this

type of clothing is a uniform. A dress code is very important in busi­
ness. It is a rare businessman 4 . Most poli­
ticians also try to be neat and well-dressed.

The significance of what we wear is becoming more important

5 . There have been cases on holiday islands where

the locals have been outraged by foreign visitors — especially female visitors — who wear far less than the minimum that the locals con­sider decent. Actually, the signals given by clothing as worn by men

and women have decreased 6 . For example,

today most women are very comfortable wearing jeans. Yet the sight of a man in a dress would raise eyebrows in most western cultures.

Clothing is very important in our society. So it is highly unlikely that there will be no use for clothing in the future, unless humanity evolves into a completely new species.

A. where there is no real practical need for it.

B. because more people started to follow fashion.

C. who does not feel the need to wear a suit and tie.

D. where they otherwise would have been unable to cope with
the climate.

E. because many women now wear what were once men’s
clothes.

F. as the cultures of the world mix.

G. whether a person is a member of a particular group or
organization.

1	2	3	4	5	6

Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания A15—A2L В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4_У соответствующую выбран­ному вами варианту ответа.

Kevin Cookson, a 23-year-old engineering student, has been keen on windsurfing for many years. Recently, he set a new record for travelling all the way round the coast of Great Britain on a windsurf

board. ‘I don’t really know why I did it,’ says Kevin, ‘just for the fun of it, I suppose. It was there to be done, that was all.’

Despite lacking both the obsessive ambition and the funds that normally go with attempts to break records, Kevin made the journey in eight weeks and six days, knocking one week off the previous record set in 1984.

Leaving from Exmouth in the south-west of England, Kevin trav­elled up the west coast of England and Wales, before going round the top of Scotland and then coming back down the other side. The jour­ney officially covered 2,896 kilometres, although given the changes of direction to find the right wind paths, the actual distance Kevin trav­elled is probably closer to 4,000 kilometres.

Kevin fitted his fitness training in around his final year university examinations. ‘I didn’t have that much time to prepare,’ he explains. ‘But I often went running and supplemented that with trips to the gym to do weight training. I found I got a lot better during the trip itself actually. At the start, I was tired and needed a rest after four hours, but by the end I found 1 could do ten hours in a row no trouble.’

Kevin had a budget of £7,000 to cover the whole expedition. The previous record had been set with a budget twice that size, while a recent unsuccessful attempt had cost £40,000. Budgets have to meet the cost of fuel, food and accommodation for the support team, as well as the windsurfer’s own equipment and expenses.

Previous contenders had been accompanied by a boat on which they slept at night, as well as a fleet of vehicles on land to carry their supplies. Kevin made do with an inflatable rubber boat and an old van manned by four friends who followed his progress. Overnight arrange­ments had to be found along the way. Apart from the odd occasion when they enjoyed the hospitality of friends, the team made use of the camping equipment carried in the van, and slept on the beach.

When asked if his athlete’s diet was a closely kept secret, Kevin replied that he ate a lot of pasta and relied on the odd tin of tuna to keep up his energy. ‘Basically, we had anything that was on special offer in the nearest supermarket,’ he confided.

Such a prolonged period of gruelling windsurfing made relaxation important, however, and for this, Kevin favoured the pub method. This also provided social opportunities. The people we met were re­ally encouraging,’ he recalls. ‘They thought what we were doing was really great. It was hard work, but we had a lot of fun along the way.’

Kevin has been windsurfing since he was thirteen years old and is also a highly-ranked competitor at national level. ‘I don’t know where I’m ranked now,’ he says, ‘because I’ve missed a lot of impor­tant competitions this year. But what I did has more than made up for that and I’ll be doing my best to be up there amongst the winners once I get back into the competitive sport next season.’

Given his unique achievement this year, Kevin seems well-placed to take on the world’s top windsurfers.

А15

Kevin decided to try and break the record because

1. he enjoyed the challenge.
2. it had always been his ambition.
3. it was a way of making money.
4. he was invited to do it by others.

A16

Before making the trip, Kevin

1. spent a lot of time practising on water.
2. could already windsurf all day without a break.
3. had only a limited amount of time for training.
4. spent most of his time working out in a gym.

А17

А18

А19

Unlike earlier attempts at the record

1. Kevin had no support team.
2. Kevin used better equipment.
3. only one vehicle was used.
4. it took less time to organize.

Most of the time Kevin slept

1. on a boat. 3) in the van.
2. in a tent. 4) in friends’ houses.

Kevin says about his diet that

1. he didn’t keep to his plan.
2. variety was important.
3. certain foods were essential.
4. it was largely left to chance.

A20|

in paragraph 8 ‘gruelling’ means

1. extremely fast.
2. quite lonely.
3. highly uncomfortable.
4. very tiring.

А21

How does Kevin feel about regular windsurfing competitions?

1. They no longer interest him.
2. He’s sure he can do well in them.
3. He regrets missing them.
4. He has no plans to enter any.

По окончании выполнения заданий В2, ВЗ и А15—А21 НЕ ЗАБУДЬ­ТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания В2—ВЗ, А15-А21 располагаются в разных частях бланка.

РАЗДЕЛ 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необ­ходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В4—В10 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полу­ченными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному за-$анию из группы В4—В10.

Mountain Biking

watch- ENJOY
В4

В5

In the past people

ing TV or reading in their free time.

Nowadays people are more interested in

activities which take them DO

out of their homes.

B6 That’s why mountain biking

a very popular sport in recent years. It is one of the most rewarding ways to explore the countryside.

Cyclists must pay attention to the type of

path they are on. Some paths

for people who are on foot.

BECOME

DESIGN

B8

So if you cycle along these paths, you

inconvenience to walkers. CAUSE

On any other path, you should still re­spect walkers.

B9

Another thing which everyone

to do is closing gates behind you, so that farm animals cannot escape.

ASK

BIO

If the weather is fine, you will enjoy a wonderful day out, especially if you

to take some food and NOT FORGET

drinks with you.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необ­ходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В11—В16, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11—В16.

Environmental Problems

Bll

В12

В13

ВЫ

В15

В16

More and more animals are fighting for

nowadays and it is not SURVIVE

only hunters who are to blame.

Thousands of fish die every year as a result

of the dumping of waste LEGAL

in rivers by factories all over Europe.

Investigations are often carried out to discov­
er who is for these ecolo- RESPONSE

gical disasters.

However, even when the offenders are

found, the for this kind of PUNISH

behaviour is not as severe as it should be.

Factories will only reform once the public
to stop buying their prod-

ucts, and not before.

It is the only

serious problem.

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22— А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22—А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер вы­бранного вами варианта ответа.

The Benefits of Modern Technology

Modern technology has brought about enormous improvements in communications and yet many people are still very worried

А22|

using the latest computer technology. I am- often

surprised to meet people who still don’t know what the ‘e’ in e-mail

stands for and they are too

A23

to ask. They assume you

A24

have to be skilled
computers to send a message via

e-mail but in fact it is the simplest thing in the world.

It is also cheaper to send an e-mail message than to send an ordinary letter or a ‘snail’ message which also takes much longer. An

e-mail message is only A25 more expensive than a local

A26
telephone call to send; on top of the call itself you also have to pay a fee to your ‘server’. If you send a letter by

mail it

will take a couple of days to get there whereas an e-mail will not take longer than a few seconds.

Once you become

1A27 |

to using the system you will

it is than other

be amazed at how much more

[ A281

means of communication. Of course, before you have access to e-mail, you will need a fairly powerful computer, which can be quite expensive.

1) about 2) for 3) at 4) with as

1) embarrassing 2) embarrassed 3) tired 4) tiring

1) into 2) about 3) to 4) in

1) little 2) slightly 3) less 4) least

1) second-hand 2) low-paid 3) part-time 4) first-class

1) capable 2) accustomed 3) clever 4) good

A28

i) confident 2) certain 3) efficient 4) skilful

По окончании выполнения заданий В4—В16, A22—A2S НЕ ЗАБУДЬ­ТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! ОБ­РАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания В4-В16, АН-МИ располагаются в разных частях бланка. При переносе ответов в заданиях В4—В16 буквы записываются без пробелов и знаков препинания.

РАЗДЕЛ 4. ПИСЬМО

| С1 |

You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Patricia who writes:

… All in all, my birthday party was great! However, one of my friends came to the party in casual clothes. Just jeans and a T-shirt! Of course I didn’t say anything but she felt a bit left out. I was really sorry for her! And what do you usually wear when you go to a birthday party? Is it important in Russia to wear smart clothes at parties? What would you do if you were me?

I’ve got to go now as I have loads of homework to do. Drop me a line when you can.

Write a letter to Patricia. In your letter

• answer her questions
• ask 3 questions about her birthday presents

Write 100—140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

1 C2 1

You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Some people are sure that sending to prison is the only way to punish criminals. However, a lot of people believe there are far more effective punishments for criminals than prison.

What is your opinion? Which way of punishment do you find most appropriate?

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

• make an introduction (state the problem)
• express your personal opinion and give reasons for it
• give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it
• draw a conclusion

Вариант 3

Раздел 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ

1

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. ^{Knowing German offers you more career opportunities.}

2. ^{German isn’t as difficult as you may think.}

3. ^{You can’t learn the German language quickly.}

4. ^{Writers, philosophers and scientists need to learn German.}

5. ^{I learn German because I’m attracted by the culture.}

6. ^{Some unique academic books exist only in German.}

7. ^{German is almost an impossible language to learn.}

Говорящий	A	B	C	D	E	F
Утверждение

2

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

1. Greg studied in Russia for a year.

2. Mary wants Greg to give her some advice.

3. Mary still needs to get a visa to Russia.

4. Greg thinks Mary shouldn’t take cash.

5. Greg and Mary live in London.

6. Mary always tips waiters in restaurants.

7. Greg disliked Russian soups.

Утверждение	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
Соответствие диалогу

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3

What do we learn about Maggie’s musical education?

1. ^{She didn’t have a special music talent.}

2. ^{She attended a musical school for 9 years.}

3. ^{She didn’t like playing the piano very much.}

Ответ:

4

Why did Maggie want to become an actress?

1. ^{This profession runs in her family.}

2. ^{She wanted to overcome the stage fright.}

3. ^{Acting on stage felt natural to her.}

Ответ:

5

What does Maggie say about directors and directing?

1. ^{She thinks David Lynch is the best director.}

2. ^{She feels she could herself direct a film one day.}

3. ^{She thinks she was fortunate to work with many talented directors.}

Ответ:

6

What does Maggie say is the most important thing for her about a film?

1. ^{The story.}

2. ^{The screenplay.}

3. ^{The partners.}

7

Ответ:

Maggie often plays mothers because…

1. ^{such roles provide lots of opportunities to an actress.}

2. ^{people like her in such roles.}

3. ^{she is a future mother herself.}

Ответ:

8

What does Maggie think of her appearance?

1. ^{She thinks she should take care of the way she looks on screen.}

2. ^{She thinks her looks don’t interfere with her job.}

3. ^{She thinks she’s very beautiful.}

Ответ:

9

What does Maggie love about being an actress?

1. ^{Being able to play both men and women.}

2. ^{Being able to express complex characters.}

3. ^{Being able to look beautiful on screen.}

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 1—9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ

10

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Struggle for Survival 5. Tourist Boom

2. Ancient Wonder 6. Agriculture Success

3. Great Beginning 7. Practical Invention

4. Important Event 8. Living Longer

1. Computers have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.

2. Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement, ‘That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ However, progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into re search as in the 1960s.

3. Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! Lots of people have benefited from aspirin and lots of lives have been saved by penicillin. Surgeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average life expectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years.

4. In the past, a holiday used to mean simply a day when you did not work. Now milЦ lions of holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists in their countries, but we must admit that a phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble is a wonder of the world.

5. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship. We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.

6. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, ‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of polЦ iticians’. In Europe farmers have done it and we produce enough food to feed the world. If only politicians could find a way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.

7. The greatest wonder of the modern world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we try our best not to use them. Because of peoЦ ple’s effort no government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise awareness of the issues of war and peace.

A	B	C	D	E	F	G

11

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

Hogmanay is a Scottish holiday that celebrates the New Year. Observed on December 31, festivities typically spill over into the first couple of days of January. In fact, there’s a tradition known as ‘firstfooting’, A . Of course, the guest must be dark haired and preferably male. Redheads and women aren’t nearly as lucky! This tradition stems from the time when a red— or blonde haired stranger was probably an invading Norseman. Gifts are given to guests, and one of the popular food items on the Hogmanay menu is the black bun, B .

In addition to national observance, many local areas have their own customs C . In the town of Burghead, Moray, an ancient tradition called ‘burning the clavie’ takes place each year on January, 11. The clavie is a big bonfire, fuelled primarily by split casks. One of these is joined back together with a big nail, filled with flammable material, and lit on fire. Flaming, it’s carried around the village and up to a Roman altar known to residents as the Douro. The bonfire is built around the clavie. When the burnt clavie crumbles, D .

In Stonehaven, Kincardineshire, the locals make giant balls of tar, paper and chicken wire. These are attached to several feet of chain or wire, and then set on fire. A designatЦ ed ‘swinger’ whirls the ball around his head and walks through the village streets to the local harbor. At the end of the festival, any balls still on fire are cast into the water, E !

The town of Biggar, Lanarkshire, celebrates with a big holiday bonfire. In the early 1940s, one or two locals complained about the size of the fire, and celebration organizers agreed to have a smaller fire. This was erected as promised, but before it was lit, the local

traditionalists trucked in cartload after cartload of coal and wood, making a giant pyre,

F !

The Presbyterian church disapproved of Hogmanay in the past, but the holiday still enjoys a great deal of popularity.

1. where they are able to follow national traditions

2. the locals each grab a lit piece to kindle a fire in their own hearth

3. which then burned for a whopping five days before running out of fuel

4. which is quite an impressive sight in the dark

5. when it comes to celebrating Hogmanay

6. in which the first person to cross a home’s threshold brings the residents good luck for the coming year

7. which is a really rich fruitcake

A	B	C	D	E	F

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

I’ll a first-class carriage of a train speeding Balkanward two Britons sat in friendly, fitful converse. They had first foregathered in the cold grey dawn at the frontier line, where the presiding eagle takes on an extra head and Teuton lands pass from Hohen- zollern to Habsburg. After a day’s break of their journey at Vienna the travellers had again foregathered at the train side and paid one another the compliment of settling in- stinctively into the same carriage. The elder of the two was a wine businessman. The oth- er was certainly a journalist. Neither man was talkative and each was grateful to the oth- er for not being talkative. That is why from time to time they talked.

One topic of conversation naturally thrust itself forward in front of all others. In Vienna the previous day they had learned of the mysterious vanishing of a world famous picture from the Louvre.

‘A dramatic disappearance of that sort is sure to produce a crop of imitations,’ said the Journalist.

‘I was thinking of the spiriting away of human beings rather than pictures. In particular I was thinking of the case of my aunt, Crispina Umberleigh.’

‘I remember hearing something of the affair,’ said the Journalist, ‘but I was away from England at the time. I never quite knew what was supposed to have happened.’

‘You may hear what really happened if you respect it as a confidence,’ said the Wine Merchant. ‘In the first place I may say that the disappearance of Mrs. Umberleigh was not regarded by the family entirely as bereavement. My uncle, Edward Umberleigh, was not by any means a weakЦkneed individual, in fact in the world of politics he had to be reckoned as a strong man, but he was unmistakably dominated by Crispina. Some people are born to command. Mrs. Umberleigh was born to legislate, codify, administrate, censor, license, ban, execute, and sit in judgement generally. From the kitchen regions upwards everyone in the household came under her despotic sway and stayed there with the submissiveness of molluscs involved in a glacial epoch. Her sons and daughters stood in mortal awe of her. Their studies, friendships, diet, amusements, religious observances, and way of doing their hair were all regulated and ordained according to the august lady’s will and pleasure. This will help you to understand the sensation of stupefaction which was caused in the family when she unobtrusively and inexplicably vanished. It was as though St. Paul’s Cathedral or the Piccadilly Hotel had disappeared in the night, leaving nothing but an

open space to mark where it had stood.

As far as it was known, nothing was troubling her; in fact there was much before her to make life particularly well worth living. The youngest boy had come back from school with an unsatisfactory report, and she was to have sat in judgement on him the very afternoon of the day she disappeared. Then she was in the middle of a newspaper correspondence with a rural dean in which she had already proved him guilty of heresy, inconsistency, and unworthy quibbling, and no ordinary consideration would have induced her

to discontinue the controversy. Of course the matter was put in the hands of the police, but as far as possible it was kept out of the papers, and the generally accepted explanaЦ tion of her withdrawal from her social circle was that she had gone into a nursing home.’

‘Couldn’t your uncle get hold of the least clue?’

‘As a matter of fact, he had received some information, though of course I did not know of it at the time. He got a message one day telling him that his wife had been kidnapped and smuggled out of the country; she was said to be hidden away, on one of the islands off the coast of Norway I think she was in comfortable surroundings and well cared for. And with the information came a demand for money; a lump sum of 2000 pounds was to be paid yearly. Failing this she would be immediately restored to her family.’

The Journalist was silent for a moment, and then began to laugh quietly.

‘It was certainly an inverted form of holding to ransom,’ he said. ‘Did your uncle succumb to it?’

‘Well, you see, for the family to have gone back into the Crispina thraldom after having tasted the delights of liberty would have been a tragedy, and there were even wider considerations to be taken into account. Since his bereavement he had unconsciously taken up a far bolder and more initiatory line in public affairs, and his popularity and influence had increased correspondingly. All this he knew would be jeopardised if he once more dropped into the social position of the husband of Mrs. Umberleigh. Of course, he had severe qualms of conscience about the arrangement. Later on, when he took me into his confidence, he told me that in paying the ransom he was partly influenced by the fear that if he refused it, the kidnappers might have vented their rage and disappointment on their captive. It was better, he said, to think of her being well cared for as a highly valued paying guest on one of the Lofoden Islands than to have her struggling miserably home in a maimed and mutilated condition. Anyway he paid the yearly instalment as punctually as one pays fire insurance. And then, after a disappearance of more than eight years, Crispina returned with dramatic suddenness to the home she had left so mysteriously.’

‘She had given her captors the slip?’

‘She had never been captured. Her wandering away had been caused by a sudden and complete loss of memory. She usually dressed rather in the style of a superior kind of charwoman, and it was not so very surprising that she should have imagined that she was one. She had wandered as far afield as Birmingham, and found fairly steady employment there, her energy and enthusiasm in putting people’s rooms in order counter balancing her obstinate and domineering characteristics. It was the shock of being paЦ tronisingly addressed as ‘my good woman’ by a curate who was disputing with her where the stove should be placed in a parish concert hall that led to the sudden restoration of her memory.’

‘But,’ exclaimed the Journalist, ‘the Lofoden Island people! Who had they got hold of?’ ‘A purely mythical prisoner. It was an attempt in the first place by someone who knew something of the domestic situation to bluff a lump sum out of Edward Umberleigh

before the missing woman turned up. Here is Belgrad and another custom house.’

(Adapted from ‘The Disappearance Of Crispina Umberleigh’

by H. H. Munro)

12

The two Britons in a first class carriage were

1) fellow travellers. 2) friends. 3) colleagues. 4) acquaintances. Ответ: .

13

When Mrs. Umberleigh disappeared, all the family

1. felt a sense of loss. 3) were extremely surprised.

2. regarded it entirely as bereavement. 4) suffered a lot. Ответ: .

14

The narrator considered Mrs. Umberleigh to be

1. sympathetic. 3) kind to her relatives.

2. domineering. 4) the heart of the family. Ответ: .

15

On the day of her disappearance, Mrs. Umberleigh

1. wrote a letter to a rural dean. 3) spent the afternoon with her son.

2. went to a nursing home. 4) sent for the police. Ответ: .

16

Mrs. Umberleigh’s husband paid 2000 pounds yearly mainly because

1. he was afraid that the kidnappers would do harm to his wife.

2. he wanted his wife to be well cared for.

3. he did not want to put at risk his political career.

4. he believed she would be happy on one of the Lofoden Islands. Ответ: .

17

Mrs. Umberleigh disappeared because

1. she went abroad. 3) she was kidnapped.

2. she went into a nursing home. 4) she had a sudden loss of memory. Ответ: .

18

During her absence Mrs. Umberleigh

1. worked for charity. 3) cleaned people’s houses.

2. lived happily. 4) assisted a curate. Ответ: .

По окончании выполнения заданий 10—18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечам танные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученм ными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.

Cigarette Warning Labels — Do They Work?

19

Warning labels

in the late 1960’s with a minor note say ing ‘Smoking can be hazardous to health’. It was only the 1970’s that confirmed: smoking could kill.

Smoking is a habit that people are not ready to quit even when they are dying. This is because cigarette smoking leads to a rapid addiction for

ADOPT

nicotine and is even than alcohol. ADDICTIVE

A person who to smoke knows that he is entering a dark road.

22

So, if his

experience is not good he may read the warning label on the cigarette box and decide to not smoke again.

23

However, if smoking is a habit, a smoker

about the side effects of smoking.

24

Although he knows that smoking is injurious, he thinks that it

him very soon. So he ignores the warning labels and conЦ tinues smoking.

25

As a rule heavy smokers don’t really care about themselves, because if

JUST START ONE

NOT CARE NOT HARM

they , they would not be smoking in the first place. DO

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски пом лученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

The Internet — a Blessing or a Curse?

We live in the age of information technology and the Internet is a

unique , which has influenced all areas of our lives. INVENT

Yet some people are about the importance of the Web. Is it a blessing or a curse?

28

On the one hand, with the Internet, it is now possible to communicate

CERTAIN

with people all over the world. EASY

29

In addition, the Internet is very useful, because it makes the world of

facts and knowledge to everyone. ACCESS

30

However, a huge amount of information on the Internet is also one of its

. This diversity makes it difficult to find the type of inforЦ mation you want.

31

Moreover, the Internet can become

for our society, because of cybercriminals. The information wars of the future may be fought on Web sites.

WEAK DANGER

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Squirrel

It was when Squirrel Nutkin appeared at the October Board meeting that Mr. Ramsay began to 32 his reputation for eccentricity. And that’s putting it 33 . To be fair, there were people who said at the time that there was nothing wrong in wearing a glove puppet to a Board meeting. However, there were more who disagreed, and several who thought that Mr. Ramsay was off his chump. The matter was hotly disputed in the company’s offices, on the shop floor and in the canteen.

It happened during Mr. Giles’s monthly overlong summary of the company’s financial position. Two factors were making the prospects for Ramsay & Co look bleak.

The first of these factors spoke for itself. There were simply fewer items of hosiery being sold. Whether this was due to the long hot summer combined with the undoubted increase 34 the uptake of feminine trousers, or it was a sign of continued recession was not for him to say. Ramsay & Co simply had to 35 the facts, whether they liked them or not, and accept what the market was telling them. Reality didn’t always turn 36 the way people wanted it to.

The second factor, however, was where they could do something about. Ramsay & Co’s costs were inordinately high compared to those of its competitors, who had been cutting back on staff over the last five years, reducing their workforce to one fifth of its previous level. It was high 37 that Ramsay & Co got itself into a similar position.

None of the Board members was surprised at what Mr. Giles had to say. He had, after all, said it all before, many times, over the past several months. Mr. Ramsay had, until now, always stubbornly resisted him. This time, though, what happened was different from all the previous occasions. Mr. Ramsay had never before produced a glove puppet from underneath the table. He had never had a squirrel sitting on his left hand during a presentation.

The only two pairs of eyes in the room focused on Mr. Giles during his summation of the company’s position were those of Mr. Ramsay and the squirrel, both of whom were shaking their heads very slightly. The other Board members were sitting shocked with their mouths wide open and were 38 at the puppet.

32

1) acquire 2) enquire 3) inquire 4) require Ответ:

.

33

1) mild 2) milder 3) mildest 4) mildly Ответ:

.

34

1) at 2) in 3) of 4) to Ответ:

.

35

1) comment 2) cope 3) deal 4) face Ответ:

.

36

1) in 2) on 3) out 4) up Ответ:

.

37

1) price 2) moment 3) time 4) way Ответ:

.

38

1) watching 2) staring 3) seeing 4) observing Ответ:

.

По окончании выполнения заданий 19—38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19 и 31 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Раздел 4. ПИСЬМО

Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Adam who writes:

39

…As for me, I’m crazy about chess. This is a wonderful game and it makes my brain work. What sports games do you play, if any? What kind of things do you and your friends like doing after classes? Do you take part in any after-school activities? Why?

Guess what! I found a homeless puppy the other day and my parents let me have it …

Write back to Adam. In your letter

• answer his questions

• ask 3 questions about his puppy

Write 100 — 140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

40

Comment on the following statement.

Exams are a fair way of testing students.

What is your opinion? Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Write 200 — 250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an introduction (state the problem paraphrasing the given statement)

• express your personal opinion and give 2—3 reasons for your opinion

• express an opposing opinion and give 1—2 reasons for this opposing opinion

• explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

• make a conclusion restating your position

.РАЗДЕЛ 2. ЧТЕНИЕ
B2 Установите соответствие между заголовками А—H и текстами 1—7. Занесите свои ответы в
таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A.Struggle for Survival
B.Ancient Wonder
C.Great Beginning
D.Important Event
E. Tourist Boom
F. Agriculture
Success
G. Practical
Invention
H. Living Longer
1. Computers have already
revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We
do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users
can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print
documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.
2. Only a few years before men were
walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But
in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous
statement, ‘That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ However,
progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into research as in
the 1960s.
3. Surely nothing has done more for
the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge!
Lots of people have benefited from the aspirin and lots of lives have been
saved by penicillin. Surgeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average
life expectancy in Europe has risen
dramatically over the last hundred years.
4. In the past, a holiday used to
mean simply a day when you did not work. Now millions of holidaymakers travel
to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists
in their countries, but we must admit that a phenomenon which sees the
population of Greece
treble is a wonder of the world.
5. It is true that the Olympic Games
are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a
competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years,
for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship.
We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the
future of mankind.
6. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote,
‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only one grew
before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians.’ In Europe farmers have done it and we produce enough food to
feed the world. If only politicians could find a way to share it with those
parts of the world where there is still famine.
7. The greatest wonder of the modern
world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the
world but we try our best not to use them. Because of people’s effort no
government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the 100th
anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise
awareness of the issues of war and peace.

Ответ(ы) на вопрос:

Гость:

1- G
2 — C
3 — H
4- E
5- D
6- F
7- A

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