Текст по английскому для устного экзамена - Помощь в подготовке к экзаменам и поступлению

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Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

… You don’t see many birds in winter. Most have left your area. Those that stay are not as active. Activity uses energy that is needed to keep warm. The worst problems for birds in winter are getting enough heat and holding on to the heat once it is made. These are problems for all birds. But it is especially true for very small ones. They cannot find enough food. The weather stays so cold for so long that they cannot eat enough to keep alive. But birds have many ways of fighting the cold.

You shiver to keep warm. The heat that you make is made mostly in your muscles. The muscles make more heat when they are active. So one way of keeping warm is to move about, use your muscles. Another way is to shiver. When your body needs heat, the muscles tighten and loosen quickly. They become active. Just as you shiver to keep warm, so do birds.

Источник: Демонстрационная версия ЕГЭ—2015 по английскому языку

How many nostrils do you have? Four. Two you can see, two you can’t. This discovery came from observing how fish breathe. Fish get their oxygen from water. Most of them have two pairs of nostrils, a forward-facing set for letting water in and a pair of «exhaust pipes» for letting it out again. The question is, if humans evolved from fishes, where did the other pair of nostrils go. The answer is that they migrated back inside the head to become internal. To do this they somehow had to work their way back through the teeth.

Similar gaps between the teeth can also be seen at an early stage of the human birth. When they fail to join up, the result is a cleft palate. So one ancient fish explains two ancient human mysteries. The most recent research on noses, incidentally, shows that we use each of our two external nostrils to detect different smells.

Источник: РЕШУ ЕГЭ

Antarctica is the driest place on Earth. Parts of the continent have seen no rain for two million years. A desert is technically defined as a place that receives less than 10 inches of rain a year. The Sahara gets just 1 inch of rain a year.

As well as the driest place on Earth, Antarctica can also claim to be the wettest and the windiest. Seventy percent of the world’s fresh water is found there in the form of ice, and its wind speeds are the fastest ever recorded. The unique conditions in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica are caused by so-called katabatic winds. These occur when cold, dense air is pulled downhill simply by the force of gravity. Though Antarctica is a desert, these completely dry parts of it are called, somewhat ironically, oases. They are so similar to conditions on Mars that NASA used them to test the Viking mission.

Источник: РЕШУ ЕГЭ

The highest mountain is located on Mars. The giant volcano Mount Olympus is the highest mountain in the solar system and in the known universe. At 14 miles and 388 miles across, it is almost three times the height of Mount Everest and so wide that its base would cover Arizona, or the whole of the area of the British Isles. The crater on the top is around 45 miles wide and over nearly 2 miles deep, easily big enough to swallow London.

We traditionally measure mountains by their height. If we measured them by their size, it would be meaningless to isolate one mountain in a range from the rest. That being so, Mount Everest would dwarf Olympus Mons. It is part of the gigantic range which is nearly 1,500 miles long.

Источник: РЕШУ ЕГЭ

The ostrich is the bird that lays the smallest egg for its size. Although it is the largest single cell in nature, an ostrich egg is less than 2 per cent of the weight of the mother. A wren’s egg, by comparison, is 13 per cent of its weight. The largest egg in comparison with the size of the bird is that of the Little Spotted kiwi. Its egg accounts for 26 per cent of its own weight.

An ostrich egg weighs as much as twenty-four hen’s eggs; to soft-boil one takes forty-five minutes. Queen Victoria tucked into one for breakfast and declared it among the best meals she had ever eaten. The largest egg laid by any animal – including the dinosaurs – belonged to the elephant bird of Madagascar, which became extinct in 1700. It was ten times the size of an ostrich egg, nine litres in volume and the equivalent of 180 chicken’s eggs.

Источник: РЕШУ ЕГЭ

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I have taught TOEFL in MOSCOW for more than 11 years. I have learned many tips and techniques about how to earn a high TOEFL score. One of the most difficult parts in every TOELF test is its speaking part. It consists of 6 questions. It is not enough just to speak English well to get the maximum points possible on the test.

Обучаю разговорному английскому. Помогу Вам подготовиться к TOEFL или ЕГЭ.

За полгода вывожу ученика начального уровня на уровень уверенного общения, свободного выражения своих мыслей. Специализируюсь на экспресс-методах обучения.

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Здесь находится ряд упражнений на чтение текстов научно-популярного характера на английском языке. Все тексты озвучены для самопроверки правильности чтения. Чтение отрывка текста является одним из заданий устной части ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

Задание формулируется следующим образом:

Представьте, что вы готовит проект со своим другом. Вы нашли интересный материал для презентации и хотите прочитать его другу. У вас полторы минуты для чтения текста “про себя”, потом будьте готовы прочитать его вслух. На чтение у вас будет не более полутора минут.

Задание 1 на чтение отрывка

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Six of Earth’s seven continents are inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populated continent, with its 4.3 billion inhabitants. This accounts for 60% of the worlds population. The two most populated countries of the world are China and India. These countries together constitute about 37% of the whole population of our planet. Africa is the second most populated continent. It is home for about one billion people. This makes 15% of the world’s population. Europe has 733 million people and this makes up 12%. Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 600 million people (9 %). Northern America, primarily consisting of the United States and Canada, has a population of around 352 million (5%), and Oceania, the least populated region, has about 35 million inhabitants (0.5%). What about Antarctica? Though it is not permanently inhabited by anybody, Antarctica has a small, changing international population, living in polar science stations.

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Medicine has existed for thousands of years. At first, medicine was rather an art than science. It was little based on skills and knowledge but, instead, it had connections to the religious beliefs. At the early stages of medicine, doctors relied on religious rituals in the same way as on medication. For example, a medicine man would apply herbs and say prayers for healing. The first physicians thought that bloodletting was the best treatment of all. In recent centuries, since the advent of science, most medicine has become a combination of art and science. Much depends on the talent of the doctor and on the efficiency of drugs and surgery. Nowadays, we come to understand more and more about our body and to know what is going on inside the cells. Also, genetic engineering opens up new perspectives for treating inherited diseases. And, of course, new medical technologies have already saves millions of lives.

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Early in the morning, Evenki natives in the hills northwest of Lake Baikal observed a column of blue light. It was nearly as bright as the Sun, and it was moving across the sky. About ten minutes later, there was a flash and a sound similar to artillery fire. Eyewitnesses reported that the source of the sound was moving from the east to the north following the movement of the blue light. The sound was accompanied by a shock wave that knocked people off their feet and broke windows in the houses hundreds of kilometres away. As it often happens, eyewitnesses’ accounts varied regarding the sequence and duration of the events. On that day the legendary Tungus meteorite or a small comet fell on the Earth near the river called Podkamennaya Tunguska in Siberia. It happened at about seven o’clock in the morning, on the 30th of June 1908. The first expedition came to the site only ten years later.

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Throughout the history of education the most common means of maintaining discipline in schools was corporal punishment. While a child was at school, a teacher was expected to act as a parent, with the same means of making children obey as the parents had. This often meant that school students were often punished with a cane if they did something wrong. Corporal punishment at schools has now disappeared from all European countries. Thirty-one US states have banned it, but the other nineteen states (mostly in the South) continue to allow corporal punishment in schools. Teachers have the right to apply corporal punishment, although many choose not to do so. Official corporal punishment, often by caning, remains commonplace in schools in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries. Generally speaking, most countries retain punishment for misbehavior, but it usually takes non-corporal forms such as detention after the lessons. In Russia corporal punishment in schools was banned in 1863.

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A female chimp has learned how to use the Arabic numerals, 1 to 9, to memorise the order of five numbers. She, unlike males, was able to remember the sequence of at least five numbers. This is the same or even more than pre-school children can do. It comes as no surprise to scientists who discover something else that chimpanzees can do every year, bringing them closer to us. People can normally remember a sevendigit number at first sight. This is our brain’s “magic number”. A chimp’s brain is only half the size of ours. Yet, they remember five digits. In an experiment, a chimp was shown five numbers on a computer screen. Her task was then to touch each number in the correct order. In order to perform the task successfully, she had to memorise all the numbers. And she did. She got the fourth number correct 90 % of the time, and the fifth number correct 65 % of the time.

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Human evolution is a lengthy process of change by which people originated from their apelike ancestors. The traits that we today recognize as human evolved over a period of approximately six million years. One of the earliest human traits was the ability to walk on two legs. This ability evolved some four million years ago. A large and complex brain, the ability to use tools and the capacity for language have developed more recently. Some studies lead us to believe that humans have some relationship to another group of primate species, the apes. Scientists say that humans and the great apes of Africa — chimpanzees and gorillas — share a common ancestor who lived between 8 and 6 million years ago. However, researchers do not all agree about how these species are related to the modern human. Genetic research into this relationship has produced some controversial results and more discoveries, perhaps sensational ones, are to be expected.

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Cheating in tests is becoming more sophisticated. These cases are referred to as exam-room cheating. The statistical findings show that between 3-5% of exam candidates are likely to be cheating with almost none of these pupils being caught. A recent trend has been for more friends, helping their peers to see questions in advance. This has been prompted by increasingly high demands on the learners to perform well. If the supervision in exam rooms becomes lax, cheating is always on the rise. Cheating appears to be a global phenomenon with little cultural variation. Originally it was thought that cheating was more typical for the so called “face-saving” cultures where the observable behaviour is not the same as unobserved actions. Wherever the stakes are high and there is an advantage and an opportunity to cheat, it seems to happen everywhere. Highly industrialised and poor nations think alike.

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Here is some advice about good manners and etiquette when eating food. If you are invited to dinner and you cannot eat a certain type of food, tell your host several days before the dinner party. If you are a guest, it is polite to wait until your host starts eating or when your host shows you in some way that you can start eating without waiting for him or her. Mind that is good manners to chew and swallow the food that is in your mouth and only then should you take a drink. Remember to show your appreciation of the food from time to time. It is a popular mistake that chicken can be eaten with your fingers. In fact, a piece of chicken or a slice of pizza can be eaten with your fingers if you are at a barbecue or in an informal company. Otherwise always use a knife and a fork. It is useful to note that when eating bread rolls, break off a piece of bread and only then use the knife for buttering the bread. If you are using the knife, do not lick or put your knife in your mouth even though there is something delicious on the blade. You will certainly not put your elbows on the table and you will never reach for food over somebody’s plate. Always ask for something you need to be passed over to you. And, you had better not talk with food in your mouth to tell others something interesting.

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The less children play video games, or watch television, the less aggressive they become, suggests a scientific study. The American research looked at the effects of reducing the amount of computer games played, or television watched by third and fourth graders, who are aged approximately eight or nine. It was found that the more television and computer games the children had seen, the more aggressive they were. This means that television, and, more recently, games have a direct influence on such behaviour. There are potential benefits in reducing the amount of access children have to TV or computer games. This is supported by the findings of reductions in physical and verbal aggression in children who have limited exposure to television, video and computer games. Watching aggressive behaviour shapes the way children see the world and their behaviour. They learn that angry people do aggressive things and start to imitate if the circumstances prompt similar solutions.

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Every nation has its customs. Modern Americans are very serious about body hygiene while in the 19th century washing one’s body frequently was considered bad for health as it “removed protection from the skin”. Most Western people think it proper to enter a house without changing shoes, while in Korea it is a desecration of the house. An American, greeting a stranger by saying “Hi mate, great to meet you!” may not be favourably regarded in a country where more formal modes of address are usual. In the West, business cards are given a cursory glance. In Japan, they are regarded with respect. In Britain, most business presentations would include a joke, which is unheard of at conferences in Japan or China. Small talk and relationship building are considered important in the Arab world between a seller and a customer. British people prefer talking about the weather. The Japanese value silence while the Italians like to express emotions.

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People experience stress when they have much work to do, when they receive a promotion at work, when their car has a flat tire, when their dog gets sick, when they are worried about getting laid off their job or about having enough money to pay their bills, when their best friend and his wife come to stay at their house for a week and on many other occasions. If you are used to thinking that stress is something that makes you worry, you have the wrong idea of stress. Very hot or very cold climate can be stressful. Change of hormones in teenagers can cause stress. Taking responsibilities for other people is one of the major stressors in those who work as managers. Many people carry enormous stress and do not even realize it. To our body stress is synonymous with change. Anything that causes some change in your life causes stress.

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It’s not at all easy to say what a fairy-tale is or why some stories are called fairytales. Fairy-tales do not have to be stories about fairies. Fairy-tales are part of folklore, but folktales are not necessarily fairy-tales. Fairy-tales are similar to myths and legends but are not myths and legends. Fairy-tales come from oral storytelling tradition but fairy-tales have been written down on paper by many authors. Sometimes a literary fairy-tale comes first on paper and only then it is taken back into oral tradition and becomes folklore. Simply put a fairy-tale is a story about magic with something supernatural and mysterious. Usually a fairy-tale is a story that happens in the past. If it happens sometime at the beginning of the world, then it is a myth. If this story names a specific person described as “real”, then it is a legend.

Источник

МБОУ «Гимназия п.Нижний Куранах»

Олизаренко Ю.В.

Упражнения для подготовки к ОГЭ по английскому языку

Устная часть

ЧТЕНИЕ ТЕКСТА ВСЛУХ

Task 1. You are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

Nowadays solar energy is widely used as an alternative form of power. Solar panels transform the energy from the sun into electricity. The first plane that does not need fuel was constructed in France, in 2015. It uses only the sun’s energy. The panels are placed on the huge wings of the plane. It doesn’t fly very fast. Solar energy can make the plane move at only 140 miles an hour. However, the plane is able to travel round the world. It is safe and can successfully cross areas of bad weather. In the future, engineers hope to construct a model that people can fly in. Our dream of environmentally friendly transport may come true very soon. Would you like to take a flight on the solar plane?

We are always told that we should clean our teeth regularly to keep them healthy and to have fresh breath. It is believed that people started using a kind of paste to clean their teeth around 5000 years ago. However, the ingredients of these tooth powders were very different from ours. For example, the people of ancient Egypt used salt, mint, dried flowers and pepper to create tooth powder. Later, in the 18th century, in some countries in Europe, people brushed their teeth with burnt bread. The first toothpaste appeared in 1890, in Great Britain. At first it was sold in jars. Then special tubes were designed to make the toothpaste more comfortable to use.

Task 1. You are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

Do you know why it is hot in the summer and cold in the winter? Most people believe that it is because the Earth is closer to the Sun in the summer and farther from it in the winter. But it is not like this at all! In fact, the distance between the Earth and the Sun is largest in July and smallest in January! Scientists suggest that the reason for different summer and winter temperatures is the angle of the Sun’s rays. In the summer, the rays reach the Earth almost at a right angle. Due to this, the rays are not spread out and a smaller area of the planet’s surface gets the energy. In the winter, the angle changes and the Sun’s rays are spread out over a larger area. Besides this, the long nights and short days do not give enough time for the land to warm up.

A robot is a machine that does work for people. The word ‘robot’ appeared in the 1920s and it was first used in a science fiction story. In real life, the robot was invented later, in 1954. There are different kinds of robots which are used in different industries. Most of them are operated with the help of a computer program. Instead of humans, robots do hard and boring work in unpleasant or dangerous environments. They usually work faster and more accurately than people. They never get tired and do not make mistakes. Nowadays robots are often used for domestic needs – to clean houses or to look after sick and elderly people. Scientists say that soon robots will become a normal part of our life, like mobiles and computers today.

Nowadays people can’t imagine their kitchen without a refrigerator. The first refrigerators appeared at the end of the 18th century. They looked different: they were just iceboxes. The refrigerators of the past were just wooden boxes, sometimes lined inside with metal. People put ice into the box and then placed the food inside to keep it cool. The refrigerator, similar to the one that we have now, was produced by General Electric in 1911, in France. It was very expensive. In those days, with the same money you could buy two cars. Today, in developed countries almost every family has enough money to buy a refrigerator for their kitchen. It’s hard to imagine how difficult and uncomfortable our lives would be without a refrigerator.

Without the energy from the Sun, the Earth would have no life at all. Nowadays everyone knows that the Sun is a star. Like all stars, the Sun is a great burning ball of gases. To us, it seems large and red. The other stars look white or light blue because they are much farther from us than the Sun. In the past, many people believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe. They thought that the Sun and the stars went round it. Only in 1543, a great Polish scientist published a book in which he tried to prove a different point of view. According to him, the Earth and the other planets moved round the Sun. Those people who supported the scientist were often imprisoned and even killed.

The carrot is a root vegetable which consists mostly of water and sugar. The carrots that we eat today originated from the wild ones which grew in Europe and Asia. The vegetable tasted sweet and the people began to use it as food.

There are two main types of carrots. There are eastern carrots that have dark purple roots and western carrots with orange roots. In fact, orange carrots first appeared in Europe in 1721. Dutch farmers selected orange carrots because orange is the colour of the Dutch Royal Family. Now orange carrots are widely grown all over the world. In modern households carrots are cooked and eaten in different ways. The vegetable is boiled, fried, baked and eaten raw. People also make juice from it.

Since 2007 high-speed trains have become a common type of transport in Europe. They make it possible to cut travel times by hours. The trains travel at 350 kilometres an hour, and this is not the limit! The only problem for the engineers is the loud noise the trains produce. People living in the areas the trains travel through suffer from the noise greatly. For the passengers, the situation is different. For their comfort, all the carriages are made sound-proof from the inside. Travelling on high-speed trains is comfortable and pleasant. In the future, a high-speed railroad network could cover most of Europe. For example, a trip from Paris to Rome could take only 3 hours!

Venus is one of the hottest planets in the Solar system. The temperature on its surface is 482 degrees. This unfriendly place looks much the same as the Earth 4 billion years ago. Both planets were formed from the same gas cloud but Venus lost most of its water and atmosphere. This happened because the planet turns very slowly. As a result, now it has no magnetic field to protect it from the Sun’s winds. The planet has turned into a lifeless desert. Most space modules that were sent to Venus, could not work on the planet more than two hours. The acidic clouds and high pressure quickly made them absolutely useless.

Studies of the atmosphere first received technical support in 1912. Equipment to measure temperature and pressure was invented in Germany. But the question was how to raise it high into the air. In 1921, Russian engineers suggested using planes. The special equipment was put on planes that made regular flights. Thanks to this, scientists got a lot of new information about the structure of the atmosphere. Nowadays scientists use modern flying laboratories to study the structure of clouds at different levels. Unlike the first planes, these laboratories can work in any weather and are able to predict climate changes.

Wombats are exotic animals that only live in Australia. They have become an unofficial symbol of the country. In 1974 a wombat appeared on an Australian stamp for the first time. Since then it has been regularly used on different Australian stamps and coins. Wombats look like little bears and prefer grass to meat. They also love eating berries, plant roots and mushrooms. Like camels, wombats drink little water because there is enough water in fresh grass. Wombats spend most of their life in holes under the ground. With their strong arms and long nails they are able to dig very long and complex tunnels. Fortunately, wombats have few enemies in the animal world. Most wombats live around 15 years.

The word ‘tsunami’ can be translated from Japanese as ‘big wave’. It describes a natural process that can be dangerous for people and their homes. Most of the huge waves appear after earthquakes. Most waves are born in the Indian and the Pacific Oceans where volcanoes are active. The mass of water rises from the bottom of the ocean and moves to the shore. It moves at the speed of a plane and can be up to 40 meters high. The wave is very powerful and dangerous. In 2004, a tsunami happened in the Indian Ocean. It was one of most terrible natural disasters in history. It hit 14 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. Thousands of people were killed or went missing.

Snowdon is the highest mountain in Wales. It is located in a national park. It stands at 1085 metres above sea level, and it is often described as the busiest mountain in Great Britain. Snowdon is very popular with tourists. If you are strong and brave enough to get to the top, you can enjoy wonderful views from there. On a clear day, you can see as far as Ireland! During the summer months there is a café at the top. There, tourists can get a welcome cup of tea, or soup if the weather is cold. If you feel too tired to walk back, you can always take the train down the mountain. The mountain railway was built in 1896. It is safe, and there have never been any accidents on this route.

Most people enjoy watching the night sky. And the brightest object in the sky is the Moon. Every night the Moon rises in the East and sets in the West. It takes about 27 days to go around the Earth, and it’s an interesting fact that we always see the same side of the Moon. The Moon is the closest object to the Earth. It would take us only 13 hours to get to the Moon by rocket. If we were able to travel at the speed of light, it would take a bit less than two seconds.

There is a very thin atmosphere on the Moon. Life is not possible there. In spite of this, the Moon can be used as a base for space exploration and even for space tourism. Some space companies say that they will be able to take tourists to the Moon as soon as in 2020.

People have always wanted to discover new things and new worlds. We have built spaceships to go to other planets and are planning to visit other galaxies one day. Meanwhile, we know very little about our own planet. The oceans, which cover 70 percent of the planet, are an unknown world to us. The Pacific Ocean is the largest one. The lowest point on the Earth is also there. It is called Challenger Deep and it was discovered in 1875. The Pacific Ocean stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the coast of Antarctica, but most of its water is in the warm tropics, which makes it warm. A lot of fish and animals live in the Pacific Ocean. The place is still waiting for researchers to discover its secrets for us.

The Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean of the world. It covers the northern polar region of the Earth. The Arctic region is a very cold place. The lowest recorded temperature there is minus 68 degrees. In spite of the cold, a lot of animals live on the Arctic ice. The polar bear is one of them. Now, due to global warming, the polar bear is in a serious trouble. The thing is that polar bears hunt seals and they need ice to do this. The bears wait for seals on the ice, hunt them in the water and go back to the shore. If the ice is too thin, it breaks under the bears’ heavy bodies and they may drown. The situation is getting worse and some researchers say the ocean may become ice-free as soon as 2050.

In 1642 a French student invented the first mechanical calculator. He was only 18 and the counting machine was a present for his father. The father worked as a tax collector and the young man wanted to make his job easier.

The talented inventor made several machines but nobody was interested. The young man was ahead of his time. Many years passed before people realized how useful these machines could be and started mass producing them.

Today most mechanical calculators have been replaced with electronic models. These small devices can perform a lot of mathematical operations. You just need to enter the numbers by pressing the keys and you’ll see the final result on the screen in no time.

One day a young man who lived near the lake in a small American town asked himself, “Why can’t people ski on water if they can ski on snow?” With his brother’s help he constructed several models of skis to test his ideas. He experimented on the local lake for a few days and created skis suitable for the water. This happened in 1922. The young man, who was only 18 at that time, didn’t patent his invention. However, he performed a lot of shows across the country that made him and the sport of water skiing popular. Later, he was recognized as the creator of a new sport – water skiing.

Water skiing equipment has been greatly improved since that time, and the number of people who enjoy this sport is growing in many countries.

The ninth planet of the solar system was discovered not long ago. It happened in 1930. Scientists had been hunting for the planet for a long time. They had calculated its probable position but there was no proof that the planet really existed. It was too far away for the telescopes of that time to find it. It’s worth mentioning that the first photos of the planet were taken by a very young researcher. He was only twenty-four and had no formal education in astronomy. However he was deeply involved in the search for the ninth planet. The planet at the edge of the solar system was called Pluto, after the Roman god. The name for the planet was suggested by an 11-year-old British girl.

Whether we realise it or not, TV plays a very important part in our lives. It’s the main source of information and a cheap form of entertainment for millions of people. It gives us an opportunity to «travel» all over the world, to «meet» different people and learn about their customs and traditions.It helps us to relax after a hard day’s work and escape from reality. Some people argue that television is a terrible waste of time. It makes us lazier. We stay at home instead of going out. We read less. We think less. We even talk less. It’s true that some TV addicts spend hours in front of the «box» watching whatever’s on — from second-rate Mexican soap operas to silly commercials. The trick is to learn to control television and use it intelligently. The ideal is to turn on the TV-set only when there’s a really interesting programme. Violence on TV is another problem that worries people. But the same can be said about computer games and many films and books.

And if you don’t like a certain programme, why watch it?

Films and science fiction books often played with the idea of reproducing exact copies of people. Today, science fiction has become science fact. The revolution began in 1997, when British scientists produced the first cloned sheep, Dolly. Since then scientists have cloned mice, cows, dogs and pigs. Cloning animals opens exciting medical possibilities, for example cloning organs for transplantation. Scientists can create animals which produce more milk, meat and wool, or animals which don’t catch certain diseases. This can save the lives of starving people.

Cloning is a controversial issue. Some people are ready to eat cloned fruits and vegetables, but many people are against cloning animals. The question of human cloning is even more controversial. Suppose we cloned a man. Are we really sure he will be a man? Who will be responsible for him? Who will bring him up? Will he be happy? Will he have the same rights as we have? Nevertheless, the idea of human cloning seems very exciting.

Physical fitness is a general state of good health, usually as a result of exercise and nutrition. Physical fitness can also be described as a condition that allows us to look, feel and do our best. Being fit helps us have more energy for work or school, and enough energy to enjoy our leisure time activities. Fitness is an individual quality. It is influenced by age, sex, heredity, personal habits, habits, exercise and eating practices. You can’t do anything about the first three factors. However, it is within your power to change and improve the others where needed. The level of physical fitness can be influenced by regular, systematic exercise. How often, how long and how hard you exercise, and what kinds of exercises you do should be determined by what you are trying to get. For example, an athlete training for high-level competition would follow a different program than a person whose goals are good health and active life.

With its architecturally defined profile, this is one of London’s most popular historical buildings. Buckingham Palace was built in 1703 for the Duke of Buckingham. When the Queen is here, the royal standard flutters over the palace. The Buckingham Palace is open to the public on Wednesday and Thursday. The Queen’s Gallery has especial exhibitions from the Royal collection and may be visited every day except Monday. The Palace and the beautiful gardens which surround it occupy an area of approximately 40 acres. Altogether this is one of the most interesting places in London for the tourists.

The ceremony of the Changing of the Guard takes place daily at eleven o’clock in the morning. Every day a large crowd of people gather to see this famous and traditional ceremony. Buckingham Palace is not only the royal residence: it’s a small city under one roof. It has a cinema, a post-office, some cafés and a restaurant, a hospital and even a night club. More than 700 people work here every day.

The school system in the UK may seem rather confusing for people from other countries. There are two types of schools in the UK. Most of schools are state schools where education is free. But there are also private schools where you have to pay. Such schools are often very expensive. It may seem strange, but private schools in Britain are called public. A long time ago when education was a privilege of the rich, the only schools where poor people could go got the money from charity organizations. As it was public money, the schools for the poor were called public schools. Some of these public schools were very successful and later they became expensive private schools for rich people. But the conservative British continued to call them public schools. The first thing you need to have is money as studying at some public schools costs up to 20 000 pounds a year. There are some grants for bright pupils from poor families but the places are few and the competition is very strong. It’s not surprising that only six percent of the people in the UK can study at public schools.

This is one of the nerve- centres of London. It was named Trafalgar Square to commemorate the historical naval victory won on the 21st of October 1805 by the British fleet under the command of Horatio Nelson over the French-Spanish fleet. The battle took place at Cape Trafalgar in the mouth of the Straits of Gibraltar and lasted several hours. Nelson was fatally wounded by a shot which broke his backbone. He died on board his flagship the Victory, but not before being told that he had won the battle. Nelson’s Column, with the statue of Admiral Lord Nelson on top, rises in the centre of Trafalgar Square. This most impressive monument is 170 feet (about 52 m) tall. The statue of Nelson, placed facing towards the sea he loved, measures 17 feet (more than 5 m) in height.

To the north-east of Trafalgar Square there is the building that houses the National Gallery of Art — one of the most important Art Galleries in the world — and behind is the National Portrait Gallery. There are many pigeons in the square and Londoners like to feed them. Everybody knows that the dove is the symbol of peace all over the world.

The National gallery in London stands to the north of the Trafalgar Square. It houses one of the richest and most extensive collections of painting in the world. The collection covers all schools and periods of painting, but is a specially famous for its examples of Rembrandt and Rubents. The British school is only moderately represented as the national collections are shared with the Tate gallery. The National gallery was founded in 1824 when the government bought the collection of John Angerstein which included 38 paintings.

The Tate gallery houses the national collection of British painting from the 16-th century to the present day. It is also the national gallery for modern art, including painting and sculpture made in Britain, Europe, America and other countries. It was opened in 1897 as the national gallery of British art. It was opened due to Suie Henritate who built the gallery and gave his own collection of 65 painting.

Money has played an important role in every civilization. It has taken various forms and has changed many times over the centuries. The first form of payment was the exchange of goods. People usually exchanged animal skins and meat, fruit and vegetables, cloth and precious stones. In the 7 century BC the first coins appeared. They were usually made of silver or gold and their value depended on the amount of metal in each coin. With time, coins became very popular and many countries produced their own currency. The introduction of paper money – banknotes – in the seventeenth century was the beginning of banking systems in many European countries. Since then, banks have offered a wide range of services like loans, bank accounts and many others. Today, people pay for things in many different ways: they pay in cash, by cheque, or by credit card. The last one, it seems, is the most convenient form of payment. Many people believe that one day money in the form of coins, banknotes, cheques and magnetic cards will totally disappear and that all buying and selling will be done via the Internet.

There are about ninety Universities in Great Britain, the biggest one being London University, and the oldest ones Oxford and Cambridge. Oxford was founded in the 12th century as an aristocratic University: the cost of studies is comparatively high. Students have to pay for using libraries and laboratories, as well as for taking examinations. Oxford’s organization is very complicated. In fact, the University is a collection of 35 Colleges: two for women only, the rest taking both men and women. Each college is a world of its own which gives its students a specialized training in arts, law, medicine and science. The largest college has over 500 students; the smallest college has 100 students. The tutorial system of education used both in Oxford and Cambridge is one of the ways in which Oxbridge differs from other English Universities. Every student has a tutor in charge of planning his work and discussing its results with the student; the student’s duty is to see his tutor regularly and submit papers and essays. The academic year in England has three terms; each term lasts from eight to ten weeks. Examinations take place at the end of autumn, spring and summer terms. Final examinations take place at the end of the course of studies. If a student fails in an examination, he may be allowed to take the exam again, only two re-examinations being usually allowed.

Scientists have noticed that the weather is getting worse and worse and so-called extreme weather events are becoming more and more frequent. The explanation is short: the reason is global warming. What is global warming? Greenhouse effect is a natural feature of our atmosphere without which the life on our planet would be impossible. Certain atmospheric gases work as a kind of a blanket, keeping the Earth warm. The amount of these ‘greenhouse’ gases used to be more or less the same for centuries. But the industrial revolution broke this balance. Climate experts predict that by 2050 the global average temperature will rise by 2-3 degrees. What would happen then? Northern regions will be wetter and warmer, southern regions will be drier and hotter. Snow will melt in the Alps and other mountains and the water will cause floods. Sea levels will rise and lots of areas will disappear under the water. So will some species of animals and plants.

With the development of technology in the twenty-first century, it would be really difficult to imagine life without computers. They are a source of information, education and entertainment, but today’s world of computers can also be quite frightening and dangerous. This is because of people who use computers for illegal purposes. They are called hackers. Hackers spend their time playing with computer data in all parts of cyberspace. They are getting into computer systems and stealing or destroying information. Sometimes their activities break the law. They are especially interested in breaking through the security of military websites. Hackers know how to trick people just using their programs. They use a ‘Trojan Horse’, a program that looks perfectly safe, but actually contains something destructive. The only way of not getting into trouble is not to open it. Although they can get serious punishment if they are caught, most hackers still think that what they do is a game. Recently, hacking has started to increase. It is certain that there will be a lot more of this high-tech crime in the twenty-first century.

Scientists believe that the horse first appeared in North America. But it was not the horse we know today. It was a fox-sized animal only about a foot high at the shoulder. About 50,000 years ago man established a relationship with the horse. At first people hunted horses, which wasn’t very easy, then they learned to herd these animals. The horse was becoming a worker — a source of help to man — not just a meal on the hoof. It took people many years to learn how to ride. Most scientists think that the first horses were used to pull carts, not for riding. But people finally mounted the horse. When people tamed horses, they could travel long distances, explore unknown lands and conquer them. Horse races were popular in ancient Greece and they are no less popular at present. Even now we use the term ‘horsepower’ — coined by the English engineer James Watt — to measure how much work is done by an engine. This term shows just how much respect the horses have earned People quickly realized how useful the horse could be.

We all like chocolate. But what exactly is chocolate and where does it come from? And is it good for us or bad for us? Perhaps you know the history of chocolate. Like the potato, it comes from South America. The Spanish people brought it to Europe as a drink. It was so expensive that only rich people could buy it. The idea of making it into bars came later so it became popular as a sweet only in the 1850s.Why do we like chocolate so much? Of course, it tastes good, but there are other reasons. There is something in chocolate which makes us happy. And it gives us a lot of energy. But it’s also so rich in calories that you can put on weight if you eat it all the time. Is it good or bad for us? Well, some scientists say that chocolate is very healthy, that it isn’t bad for your heart or your skin and that’s it even good for your teeth. Other people think that you shouldn’t eat it at all.The truth is somewhere in the middle. You shouldn’t eat chocolate all the time but it’s too tasty to say no!

Shopping hours in Britain are changing. A few years ago, shops opened at nine o’clock in the morning and closed at six o’clock in the evening. Some shops also closed for an hour for lunch. On Sundays nothing was open.But now many shops are open longer hours. Some big shops and many supermarkets never close! If you want some milk or some bread at midnight, you can easily buy it. It’s very good for people who often work late at night or early in the morning. If someone finishes work at five o’clock in the morning, they can go to the supermarket on their way home and buy some breakfast or a newspaper or anything else they want. There are people who don’t think it’s good. They say that Sunday is a holiday for all people — who wants to work in a supermarket on a Sunday? But shops are very busy at the weekend and they will work to make people’s life easier.

It all started more than a hundred years ago, when women in poor English families had to work in factories. There was no time to shop and cook so they bought fast food in the street, on the way back from work. The most popular was fried fish with a piece of bread. The first chips came from France. The ‘chipped’ potatoes, as they were called, were also sold in the streets and soon became very popular. But at first, no one thought of selling fish and chips together. The idea to sell them together first came to a Londoner Joseph Malin. In 1860, he opened the first fish-and-chip shop in Cleveland Street in London’s East End. Soon such shops were everywhere in working-class areas. At first they put a fish and chips in an old newspaper with a lot of salt and vinegar on top. Today fish and chips are still very popular in Britain. More than 250 million portions are eaten in the country every year. But now they are sold in clean white paper bags. You can eat them just on spot or you can take them home and eat watching TV.

Rose is the national flower of England and its symbol. It all started during the time of civil wars (1455-1485) known as the Wars of the Roses. It was the war between the royal house of Lancaster (whose emblem was a red rose) and the royal house of York (whose emblem was a white rose). At the end of the war the two roses were combined in the Tudor rose. During the Tudor period, hundreds of inns were named the Rose — to show loyalty to the royal family. There are still many pubs and hotels all over the country named after this flower. In 1871, the newly formed Rugby Football Union selected an England team to play the first ever international match against Scotland. The committee chose a red rose as the team’s badge. Although England lost the match, held in Edinburgh, the country’s rugby teams have worn red roses ever since.

Источник

Тексты для чтения вслух на английском
языке

при подготовке к сдаче ОГЭ.

Устная часть .Задание 1.1

Межличностные взаимоотношения в семье.

My family.

You
are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text
silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have
more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

A British family has recently celebrated
the birth of their 18th child. It was a girl and her brothers and sisters have
welcomed their new sister. Her eldest brother is 26 and the parents already
have two grandchildren. The family announced the birth of the child on their
family website. They described the girl as “beautiful”. The family owns a bakery
and hopes the children will take over the family business. It looks as if the
era when the average British family would have only two or three children is
over. In Britain there are more families with four children than anywhere else
in Europe. Social scientists say that this is the result of immigration into
the country of families from Asia and Africa.

Внешность и характеристики человека.

Appearance

You
are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text
silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have
more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

Everybody knows that our
appearance matters in what people think about us. Appearance is important not
only in a romantic relationship but also in politics. Appearance is not all
about beauty. The moment we see a person our mind starts evaluating their
personality according to their looks. What especially matters is the persons
face. This means that the impression somebody’s face makes on others can cost
the person his or her political career. When we vote for a candidate we think
that we are weighing his or her personal qualities. In fact, we are examining
their face. Research has shown that if a candidates appearance displays
compétence, power and leadership, but not beauty or good looks, it can cause a
political victory or defeat. These findings are really important.

Досуг и
увлечения.
Молодежная
мода

Theatre.

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

Most
tourists who come to London want to see the Globe Theatre. It is one of the
main landmarks in the British capital. The theatre has always been linked with
William Shakespeare. His plays have been staged there for several centuries.
Historians say that the theatre was built in 1599. It was a large, round, open
air theatre. In those days special coloured flags were used to advertise the
type of play to be performed. A red flag was put up for a history play, a white
flag for a comedy, and a black flag for a tragedy. The theatre worked for 14
years before it was destroyed by fire. Then it was rebuilt, destroyed, and
reconstructed again. The theatre has changed several names and now it is called
Shakespeare’s Globe.

Cinema

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

Star
Wars, the first released on May 25^th 1977, was one of the defining
motion pictures in cinema history, and, for many people who lived during the
era of bewilderment and cynicism following U.S. President Richard Nixon’s
resignation and the end of the Vietnam War, seeing the film for the first time
became one of the defining moments in their lives. For many moviegoers, this
small production, with its groundbreaking special effects and breathtaking
action, catapulted the imagination to an ancient distant galaxy filled with
wonder, adventure, and much-needed home. Since 1977, the Star Wars franchise has
grown immensely. The original Star Wars was joined by a constellation of
sequels. Ticket sales from the films –along with profits from the sale of toys,
books, videocassettes and DVDs, and other merchandise and licensing- have
earned the Star Wars franchise more than $30.5 billion.

Games.

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

Blindfold chess is a
chess play, in which participants have a bandage to cover their eyes. They do
not see the chessboard or the pieces on it, keeping the whole picture in their
mind. This is how they take decisions and make the moves. This kind of chess
was considered a miracle for centuries. It is even more surprising how
blindfolded players manage to run games against a number of people. The
participants say how the pieces are to be moved and the moderator fulfills the
commands. The first blindfold game in history was, perhaps, played at the
beginning of the 8th century in the Middle East. In Europe this practice became
popular when a recognized master would play chess blindfolded against a weaker
opponent.

Music.

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

Rock, also called
rock-and-roll, is form of popular music that emerged in the 1950s. It is
certainly arguable that by the end of the 20^th century rock was the
world‘s dominant form of popular music. Originating in the United States in the
1950s, in spread to other English-speaking countries and across Europe in the
‘60 , and by the ‘90s its impact was obvious globally. Rock’s commercial importance
was by then reflected in the organization of the multinational recording
industry, in the sales racks of international record retailer , and in the
playlist policies of music radio and television. If other kinds of music –
classical, jazz, easy listening, country, folk and etc.- are marketed as
minority interests , rock defines the musical mainstream. And so over the last
half of the 20^th century it became the most inclusive of musical
labels- everything can be

“rocked ” –and in
consequence the hardest to define

Fashion

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

Fashion is a popular
style in clothing, accessories, make-up, footwear and body piercing. In ancient
Turkey, India, China and Japan, fashion did not change in over a thousand
years. The situation became different with political and economie developments
and with the help of cultural exchange between nations. Fashion from Iraq came
to Spain and, similarly, fashion from Turkey spread to the Middle East.
European fashion took shape in the 14th century. At that time mens shirts
shortened from knee length to the waist-long size. Those were worn over
leggings or trousers. Spanish and French styles were competing between
themselves. Aristocracy, middle class, cities and villages dressed differently.

Школьная жизнь. Изучаемые
предметы и отношение к ним.

Каникулы.
Школьные
обмены

School
life and holidays

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

One of the oldest schools
in the world is a school in China. It was organized in the year 143 BC and it
was the first Chinese public school. Soon after that the building of the school
was destroyed in a fire but the school was rebuilt a couple of years later.
This was not the end for the tests of life for this school. The school was
destroyed by wars many times and only ruins remained but each time it was
rebuilt again and again. It survived hurricanes and earthquakes, blizzards and
storms. In the 20 century it was called a model for secondary schools
nationwide. For many Chinese students it is a great honor to study at that
school. Would you like to study in such a school?

Покупки. Карманные
деньги.

Pocket money

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

Small children can
understand money. They get the idea that in order to buy something you have to
pay for it. Also, they know that in order to have money you have to earn it. Of
course, kids can’t earn their own money yet and that is why parents start
giving pocket money to their children at a certain age. Apart from fun, pocket
money can be a great tool for teaching children the art of budgeting, saving
money and setting goals. Besides, children can be taught how to donate small
sums to charity. In other words, pocket money can be used to teach small
children decision-making but children should not be paid for obeying their
parents or for helping them about the house.

Проблема выбора профессии и роль иностранного языка

Occupations and hobbies.

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

There are some very rare
occupations that may seem strange to somebody while in reality they are
interesting and even tasty. One such profession is a chocolate engineer. When
you hear the word “engineer” what comes up in your mind is perhaps heavy
machinery. A chocolate engineer does not have anything to do with either
machinery or the heavy equipment industry. Chocolate engineers design chocolates.
This profession is chosen by those who love designing things, have a good
imagination and a good sense of taste. The job of a chocolate engineer is to
create an assortment of delicious chocolate recipes. They taste their products
first. Another tasty occupation is a tea taster. Such specialists are very
important in the tea industry because tea must be examined for quality.

Choosing a profession

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

The teaching profession
has proved to be one of the most popular careers among school graduates in the
UK. The choice was made out of 40 different professions on the list. About a
third of the participants were interested in teaching. Other professions that
generated interest included those of engineer, psychologist and artist. The
medical profession was not as popular as last year and only 10% of those
questioned expressed interest in being a doctor. Instead, journalism, police work
and social service have risen in popularity. The girls’ preferences were
teaching, psychology and social work while boys were more inclined to choose a
technical walk of life. The majority of school leavers want to continue their
studies in some way while some 10% will work.

Технический
прогресс

Technological progress

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

It is true that many
teenagers are carried away by taking selfies, listening to music, messaging or
playing games. However, there are talented young people who create something
useful and make life better for everyone. Thanks to the invention of a school student
it is no longer necessary to wait for hours to charge ones cell phone. This
device was considered the best at an international fair of young scientists.
You will agree with this decision of the selection board if you know that with
this gadget a telephone can be charged in 20 to 30 seconds. It contains a lot
of energy in a very small space. Besides, it can be recharged 10,000 cycles
compared with 1,000 cycles for ordinary batteries.

Глобальные проблемы современности

Global problems

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

Over the last 50 years
the human population has increased nearly three times and as a result we have
been using a lot more water than before. Besides, industrial waste has polluted
much of the fresh water resources. Agriculture demands its share of water as
well. This means that the water supply is decreasing. Less fresh water on the
planet means not only thirst but also hunger. The reason is that human beings
depend upon fish and animals for food. If fish and wildlife become extinct, we
may face extinction ourselves. A debate is now going on about what causes the
shortage of water. Global warming is factor number one. People from different
cultures have to work together or face mutual destruction.

Средства массовой
информации (пресса,

телевидение, радио,
Интернет)

Mass media

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

The mass media has
changed over the last decades. The internet has become available and today it
brings us the information of our choice at a great speed. The internet is now a
platform for news, music, films, talk shows, sports events, advertising,
trading, playing games and even doing business. The internet has made the
rhythm of our life much faster than before. We now spend much less time sitting
down and give more energy to switching over, telephoning, messaging, emailing,
contacting, booking, registering, checking in and out. Thanks to the new mass
media we keep up to date with news of all kind twenty-four hours a day. When
the long-awaited moment to relax comes, we make the most of it in front of the
computer again. This is especially true for the younger generation.

Выдающиеся люди родной страны
и стран изучаемого языка,

их вклад в науку и мировую культуру.

Famous people

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud

If you ask an adult about
the most famous clown in the world, everyone will immediately remember their
childhood and a circus arena with a comedian on it who can be both funny and
sad. If you make a list of names then, perhaps, in the USA the entertainer
called Bozo will be at the top of the list. One should know that more than one
clown performed under that name. Many actors used to wear the same popular mask
for their performance. There are popular clown names in different countries and
the children admire their bright caps and baggy trousers, sense of humour,
funny jokes, spectacular tricks and friendly personality. Nobody can imagine
the circus without a clown making us laugh.

Страна/страны изучаемого языка и родная
страна.

Их культурные особенности

( национальные
праздники,

знаменательные
даты, традиции, обычаи)

Russian traditions

You are going to read the text aloud. You
have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

Traditional Russian souvenirs are popular all over the
globe. The matryoshka is
the best known gift from Russia. It is a set of painted wooden dolls of
different sizes that are hidden one inside the other. In some rare cases there
can be 50 dolls and even more. Traditionally these dolls are painted dressed in
a Russian peasant dress with a headscarf. Khokhloma is another traditional Russian craft
which originated in the 17th century near the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It is a
style of painting on wooden dishes and on furniture. This beautiful and unique
style can be recognized for its red and gold flowers on a dark background. Gzhel
is yet another style
of painting dishes and cups, docks and lamps in blue and white.

Sightseeing

You are going to read the text aloud. You
hâve 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud.
Remember that you will not hâve more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

People who go sightseeing
in the thick Brazilian jungle may arrive at a shocking place — a small
American-style town with streets, houses, a police station and even a golf
course. The différence is that here in the middle of the rainforest there are
no people. Only monkeys jumping on the rooftops. The town was built in the ’20s
and its inhabitants abandoned it in the 1940s. The famous car maker Henry Ford
bought this land and wanted to build a factory there to produce rubber for his
cars. The workers were moved there from Michigan. The rules of life in the town
were very strict and the workers did not like it. Besides, the rubber
production was very slow and the project failed.

Путешествие по странам изучаемого

языка и по России

Travelling

You are going to read the
text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready
to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for
reading aloud.

In the past, travelling
was a very risky adventure. There were no roads. The transport was very
primitive and slow. Many people travelled on foot and faced all sorts of
dangers from wild beasts, bad weather and robbers. Only the bravest people
dared to set out on a long journey. They preferred to travel in groups. Later
travellers learned how to train four-footed animals like the horse or the camel
and travelling became a little more comfortable. These days people travel in
comfort and nearly every country in the world has a network of railways and air
connections. If your business is very urgent you can travel by air and arrive
at your destination in no time.

Природа и проблемы экологии. Здоровый

образ
жизни

The
toothpaste

You are going to read the
text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready
to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for
reading aloud.

We
are always told that we should clean our teeth regularly to keep them healthy
and to have fresh breath. It is believed that people started using a kind of
paste to clean their teeth around 5000 years ago. However, the ingredients of
these tooth powders were very different from ours. For example, the people of
ancient Egypt used salt, mint, dried flowers and pepper to create tooth powder.
Later, in the 18th century, in some countries in Europe, people brushed their
teeth with burnt bread. The first toothpaste appeared in 1890, in Great
Britain. At first it was sold in jars. Then special tubes were designed to make
the toothpaste more comfortable to use.

Источник

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about sports. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

why a lot of young people do sports nowadays;
what sports clubs and teams there are in your school;
what you do to keep fit;
what your attitude to doing sports activities is.

You have to talk continuously.

I want to talk about sports. Nowadays a lot of young people do sports because they want to be fit and look pretty good. It’s also very good for their health. Some young boys and girls take part in sport competitions, than they choose sport as a future profession. That’s why to go in for sport is very popular among young people nowadays.

In our school we have volleyball,football and basketball clubs, and also tennis. There is a gym in our school with modern equipment. Many students of our school attend the it when they have free time. I joined volleyball club two years ago. Very often I take part in competitions. I like it very much.

I think that doing sports is a very good idea for people of any age. To keep fit I attend our school volleyball club and go swimming. Swimming helps me to be in a good mood and to keep myself strong and slim. That’s all I wanted to say about sports.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about the seasons and weather. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes
(10-12 sentences).Remembertosay:

what season is the best time in the region where you live
whether you agree with the proverb «There is no bad weather, there are only bad clothes»
what you usually do when it is nasty and cold

You have to talk continuously.

I would like to tell about weather and seasons. I live in Siberia, that’s why we have cold weather in winter. Winter comes in November and lasts till March. Spring is also not very warm. The best season in the region where I live is winter, I think, because I like skiing, making snowmen and skating.

So, I entirely agree with the proverb “There is no bad weather, there are only bad clothes”. We must wear warm clothes in our region and we won’t freeze, so we will be healthy. Our clothes should be comfortable and should be made of natural cloth.

When the weather is nasty and cold, I usually spend time at home with my family. I read books, watch TV or prepare food with my mum. Also we play table games together and after that drink tea with a pie. Sometimes, I go to the cinema with my friends or my family. Also we go to the shopping center in such cold weather. We buy something and go to the cafe. That’s all I wanted to say about weather and season.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about pets. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remembertosay:

whypeoplekeeppets;
what pets are most popular in big cities;
whether having pets is a big responsibility, and why;
what your attitude to keeping pets is.

You have to talk continuously.

I am going to tell about pets. I think that people keep pets, because they love them very much or, may be, for a child. Sometimes people keep pets for breeding purebred animals. Pets are very cute and interesting. They are devoted to the master, especially dogs.

The most popular pets are cats, dogs, hamsters,fish, tortoises, guinea pigs, parrots, canaries. Some people keep unusual pets at home, for example, lizards, snakes or spiders.

Having pets is a big responsibility, I suppose. You need to take your pet to the vet. Also it is necessary to vaccinate your pet and to give him vitamins. The feed for the pet must be balanced, healthy and nutritious. A man must take care of his pet.

Most of all I like cats and dogs. It is fun to play with them. Dogs are real friends and it’s wonderful to have such a real devoted friend. Cats are so lazy, but help to relax after a busy day at work or study. That’s all I wanted to say about pets.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about your career plans. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

· what job you want to do in the future

· what two subjects you think are the most important for your future job, and why

· whether your family approve of your career choice or not

You have to talk continuously.

I would like to tell you about my career plans. I have already made up my mind that my future profession will be connected with foreign languages. I want to be an interpreter. I need to learn more languages if I want to be a great professional in my career choice. I am dreaming of learning English, German and Spanish.

Also, I am sure that to become a good interpreter I need to know my native language very well, because my speech must be very literate and educated. So, I find it very important to learn English and Russian.

My family approves of my career choice. My father considers, that I will travel all over the world without any problems and I will be able to understand another people. My mother is a teacher of English. She likes her job and my choice brings her much happiness. My brother is sure, that my choice is right, because my profession is demanded and very interesting. That’s all I wanted to say about my career plans.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about your free time. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

whether you have a lot of free time, and why, or why not;
what you enjoy doing in your free time;
what your Sunday afternoons are like;
what your attitude to planning your free time is.

You have to talk continuously.

I am going to tell you about my free time. I don’t have a lot of free time every day, because I have been preparing for the exams since September. To pass my exams successfully I must study hard. After my classes at school I go home and spend many hours studying and learning new material.

When I have spare time, I like to go the cinema or to the cafe with my friends. Also I try to go for a walk. Fresh air is very useful for our health. I like to go shopping also. I prefer to spend my weekend with my family.

Sunday afternoon is usually happy, because my mum and I try to prepare something delicious for the dinner. We like lasagna, different pies, meat with vegetables and cakes. My family is very friendly and we like to spend time together talking,laughing and joking. My Sunday is very pleasant, calm and soulful. It helps us to start a new week with a good mood.

Sometimes I plan my free time with my family. For example, if we are going to go the country on the weekend. Also, we try to plan if we are invited to the party or to the friends’ house.That’s all I wanted to say about my free time.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about learning English. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

· whether it is necessary to speak English nowadays, and why

· what you do to improve your English

· what other languages you would like to learn

You have to talk continuously.

I would like to tell you about learning English. I suppose, that it’s necessary to learn English nowadays. To speak English means to develop our mind, first of all. When a person learns by heart new words, word combinations and rules, he enriches his memory. It is very important for everyone to develop their mind. English is one of the most important languages in the modern world. If you go abroad with perfect knowledge of English you are sure to understand a foreigner. Moreover, you will have a chance to meet a new friend abroad. Nowadays, we can see so many interesting books in English. If you learn English, you can read them in the original. When we surf the net, we can see, that a lot of interesting and useful information is written in English. Our knowledge of English will help us to read and to understand it.

To improve my English I try to study hard. I attend extra English classes, I read a lot of books and watch films and programs in the original, I learn by heart new words and grammar rules, also I try to communicate with English native speakers. I have a very friendly and open minded pen-friend. It is a great pleasure to communicate with him.

I would like to learn French and Spanish. I think, that these languages are very beautiful and interesting. If I speak these languages I will be able to get acquainted with Frenchmen and Spaniards. In the future I am going to learn these languages and to travel all over the world. That’s all I wanted to say about learning English.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about the place where you live. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

what your city, town or village is famous for;
what your favourite place in your city, town or village is, and why you like it;
whether you are going to stay in your city, town or village after leaving school or move to another place, and why;
what your attitude to your city, town or village is.

You have to talk continuously.

I am going to tell you about the place where I live. I live in Nizhnevartovsk. It is situated in the North of our big beautiful country. Nizhnevartovsk is famous for the largest Russian Samotlor oil field. The field is located at Lake Samotlor. There are a lot of oil and gas wells in the сountry. Our town is often called “The country of Samotlor”.

I have many favorite places in my town: the bank of the river and our Victory park. My family and I like to spend weekends visiting recreation centers, where we can ski, skate or sled. We have a good time there. Also I like to attend our Drama theater.

After leaving school I want to go to our state university. I am going to learn foreign languages there. I would like to stay in my town, because I feel comfortable in Nizhnevartovsk, it is my small homeland. When I go on holidays I miss my town and I am always glad to go back home. That’s all I wanted to say about the place where I live.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about the place where you live. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

what your city, town or village is famous for;
what your favourite place in your city, town or village is, and why you like it;
whether you are going to stay in your city, town or village after leaving school or move to another place, and why;
what your attitude to your city, town or village is.

You have to talk continuously.

I am going to tell you about the place where I live. I live in Saint Petersburg, it is a port city on the Baltic Sea. Our city is the most beautiful city in our big country, I think. Saint Petersburg is situated on water, it consists of forty-four islands connected to each other with beautiful and famous bridges. These bridges can open at night. It helps ships to cross Saint Petersburg. Our city is famous for its magnificent architecture, museums, theaters, parks, cathedrals, churches, monuments, it’s history.

My favorite place in my city is Saint Isaac’s Cathedral. It is the biggest temple in Russia. From the top of the Isaac cathedral you can enjoy the wonderful view of the city.

After leaving school I am not going to move to another place, because our city is full of opportunities for study and job. It is my home, I love it and I am happy to walk on Nevsky Prospect and to visit our main sights. Saint Petersburg is the most beautiful city in the world, it is the dream of many people. It attracts people from many countries and stays in the heart of every visitor forever. That’s all I wanted to say about Saint Petersburg.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about photography. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remembertosay:

why people like taking photos;
why taking photos is more popular today than it was in the past;
what the best photo you have ever taken is;
what your attitude to taking photos is.

You have to talk continuously.

Now I want to tell you about photography. Nowadays people like taking pictures. It is one of the best ways of expressing themselves, I think. Usually, people take pictures when they are happy and looks very bright. On some special occasions we also take pictures in order to remember such important or happy moments for us. Taking pictures is also hobby for many people. The amount of girls and boys who enroll in different photography courses increases every day.

In our modern world of social networks it is necessary to have excellent photos to download to our own pages. With the help of photography we show ourselves to another people. That’s why taking pictures is more popular today than it was in the past.

As for me, I have a lot of photos and I like to take photos. The best photo I have ever takes is the photo with my family during our summer holidays. We went to the seaside altogether and swam in the sea. My family and I liked to sunbathe and spend time talking and laughing. It was the best time of the year. That’s all I wanted to say about photography.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about keeping fit. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

· why a healthy lifestyle is popular nowadays;

· what you do to keep fit;

· what sports activities are popular with teenagers in your region;

· what your attitude to a healthy lifestyle is.

You have to talk continuously.

Now I want to give a talk about keeping fit. A healthy lifestyle is very popular and fashionable nowadays. A sporty and healthy body is the aim of modern youth. That’s why they attend the gym, eat healthy food and refuse from bad habits.

To keep fit I try to eat healthy food, to sleep 7-8 hours and to move. Physical activity is necessary for me, that’s why I go swimming three times a week and attend PE lessons at school. Sometimes I play volleyball with my friends.

In my region there are many popular sports activities with teenagers, such as hockey, skiing, skating, volleyball and football. Lots of competitions are held every year and our sportsmen win a victory.

I believe that healthy lifestyle creates our life. A healthy sporty person attracts other people’s attention. Such person is a successful person in many spheres of our life. That’s all I wanted to say about a healthy lifestyle.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about your best friend. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

what people need friends for;
how long you and your friend have known each other;
what you enjoy doing together;
what your attitude to friendship is.

You have to talk continuously.

I am going to give a talk about my best friend. People need friends for many reasons. The most important is support, I suppose. When you are in trouble, you need to talk with someone who can understand you. This person won’t blame you and will try to help you with a peace of advice. Also fun plays a big role in our relationships with the best friend. When you are in a bad mood, your best friend will be able to cheer up you with pleasure and understanding.

My best girlfriend is Ulyana. We have known each other since our childhood. We got acquainted when we were five years old. Then we studied together in the same class.

Ulyana and I like to read books. Then we discuss problems which are raised in these books. Also we like to go to the swimming pool and to the cinema together. Very often I go shopping with her. After lessons we prefer to walk in the park and to breathe fresh air. We talk and laugh. We like to spend time with each other.

I think that friendship plays a big role in our life. To my mind to find a real friend you should be friendly, kind hearted, polite and cheerful. That’s all I wanted to say about my best friend.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about your school holidays. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

when you have school holidays;
what school holidays you would make longer, and why;
what you enjoy doing during your school holidays;
what your attitude to school holidays is.

You have to talk continuously.

Now I want to tell you about my school holidays. We usually have holidays four times a year at school. Autumn holidays last a week, than winter holidays are longer — almost two weeks, spring holidays also last a week. Summer holidays are much longer than the others, they last three months.

I like my school life, but if I were a headmaster, I would make autumn and spring holidays longer. I suppose, that a week is too small for the rest. I would make them two weeks. We would have time to relax and to spend time with our family, relatives and friends.

During my school holidays I enjoy having rest at home. In summer my family and I go to the seaside. It’s the happiest time of the year. We like swimming and sunbathing. We prefer to visit new places, countries.

I find it so interesting to get knowledge about new unknown cultures. New cities and landscapes broaden our horizons. It’s so exiting. I like my school holidays. That’s all I wanted to say about my school holidays.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about school homework. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

how long it takes you to do your homework;
what subject you usually start with, and why;
whether schoolchildren should be given more or less homework, and why;
what your attitude to school homework is.

You have to talk continuously.

I want to give a talk about my school homework. To begin with, I strongly believe, that doing homework is an essential part of studying at school. There is no study without working at home. Usually it takes me four or five hours to do my homework.

I try to start with difficult subjects, such as Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Russian, English. I suppose that these subjects need more concentration, mental activity and time. That’s why they,re always done first of all. After that I do Literature, Geography, History or Biology. Than I study for my exams till the evening.

Luckily, I must say, we have different teachers. Some teachers don’t give us so much home tasks, because we manage to do almost everything during the lesson. Some teachers give us a lot of homework. I don’t prefer to get bad marks, that’s why I try to do everything. But it would be better if our teachers gave us less homework. We could have a rest and attend some extra interesting classes. In conclusion, I want to say that education makes us stronger and more literate and I am going to get good education in the future.That’s all I wanted to say about school homework.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about holidays. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

· what holidays are most popular in your country

· what your favourite holiday is and how you celebrate it

· if you prefer to give presents or to get presents, and why

You have to talk continuously.

I want to tell you about holidays which are celebrated in our country. We have a lot of holidays in Russia: New Year’s Day, Christmas, Defender of the Fatherland Day, International Women’s Day, Spring and Labour Day, Victory Day, Russia Day and Unity Day. These holidays are very popular among people in our country and they celebrate them in different ways.

My favorite holiday is New Year’s Day. I like this holiday so much. The weather is usually cold and there is a lot of snow everywhere. I have winter holidays. New Year’s Day is considered to be a family holiday, we prefer to celebrate it at home. We begin preparations in advance. My parents and I decorate our house. We decorate a New Year’s tree with beautiful toys, lights and sweets. Also we prepare tasty and delicious food with my mom and dad. At 12 o’clock we meet Nee Year and wish each other health, wealth and happiness.

I like both to give and to get presents. It’s so pleasant to give handmade presents to my relatives. They always like them. To get presents from my father and mother is a real pleasure for me. They always know what I am dreaming about. I love my family. That’s all I wanted to say about holidays in Russia.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about school life. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

what your weekday is like;
what you like about your school most of all;
whether you prefer classroom learning or online learning, and why;
what your attitude to your school life is.

You have to talk continuously.

I want to tell you about my school life. My typical school day lasts seven or eight hours. It begins at nine o’clock in the morning. I usually have six or seven classes a day. Moreover, four times a week I have extra classes. I have Russian, Maths, English and Biology.

My favorite subject is English, of course. To speak English fluently is my main aim. I will be able to communicate with native speakers, to travel around the world and to see new countries if I learn English perfectly. My school is very big and beautiful. I like to attend my school. I like my school life because I like my classmates, my friends and my teachers. It is a pleasure to spend so much time among them. I find them friendly, open minded, clever, educated and kind. School life is an important part of every person’s life. We learn to be in society, to communicate with people of different ages. It prepares us for our adulthood. My school is very important for me for it’s knowledge that I get there every day from my teachers and books. That’s all I wanted to say about my school.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about the Internet. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

why today’s teenagers use the Internet so much;
how the Internet makes long-distance communication easier;
what dangers teenagers can face when they use the Internet;
what your attitude to the Internet is.

You have to talk continuously.

Now I want to tell you about the internet. Nowadays teenagers can’t imagine their lives without the internet. First of all, we can stay in touch with our friends, relatives and colleagues. Also, the internet always helps us to find any information we need and like. We are lucky to find lots of internet sites with useful information about everything: science, history, psychology, sports, beauty, fashion, cooking and music. Moreover we can download movies, music and also it is interesting to play games on-line. The internet makes long-distance communication easier with the help of chatting on-line. It makes no difference how far we are from each other.

But in spite of this teenagers can face a lot of dangers. The main danger is our health: vision and posture. Less of movements can lead to the obesity. The next danger is the internet-addiction, when teenagers can’t take away their gadgets, because they wait for a message from someone or just want look for something interesting. Also viewing inappropriate content is a danger. I think that parents must control this point. And ,of course , chatting with strangers is a big problem in the net nowadays. Teenagers can be deceived by criminals. I think, that the internet is very useful for us, but anyway, we must be reasonable users of the net and in this case the internet will be our assistant. That’s all I wanted to say about the internet.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about films. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

· what kinds of films modern teenagers enjoy;

· where you prefer watching films: on TV, on the Internet or in the cinema, and why;

· what film you have seen recently, what it was about;

· what your attitude to watching films as a way to spend your free time is.

You have to talk continuously.

Now I want to give you a small talk about films. Modern teenagers enjoy different kinds of films. We have different opportunities to watch any film we like. The internet helps us with it and we can download or watch any film online. I find it very comfortable.

I like to watch new films in the cinema. I like to meet with my friends and to enjoy watching a new film. My favorite films I like to watch at home on TV or on the internet. I’ve seen the film from the Harry Potter series recently, it is called “Harry Potter and Deathly Hallows”. It is a fantasy. This film is about the war between wizards. I find this chapter serious, cold, sometimes sad and fantastic. The winner of this war is Harry Potter, of course, I am proud of him. As for me, I suppose, that watching films is a very interesting way to spend my free time. I like to know new actors and interesting breathtaking plots. That’s all I wanted to say about films.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about TV. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

why people spend time watching TV;

what most teenagers prefer: watching TV or browsing the Internet, and why;

whether there is a TV programme you really like;
what your attitude to watching TV as a way to spend your free time is.

You have to talk continuously.

I am going to tell you about television. I find it really important in our everyday life. Looking at my father, who can’t live without the news on TV, I always understand, that the internet won’t displace the television. A lot of people spend really much time watching TV programs, shows and films. They do it to relax after the working day, to know new interesting information about something and, of course, they want to know what is happening in the world at the present moment. It’s so important, I suppose.

Teenagers are young and modern, so they prefer browsing the internet using their different gadgets. They don’t like to wait, it is much easier to download films and to watch them any time they can and like. Also, if they aren’t at home, they can watch any program or film online using the internet. It’s so comfortable.

As for me, I like to watch educational TV programs in English, because I am going to be an interpreter in the future. But to tell you the truth, I like to watch cartoons on TV with my little brother. It’s so funny and relaxing. That’s all I wanted to say about television.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about animals. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

what wild animals live in your region;
whether it is a good idea to keep a wild animal as a pet, and why;
why people build zoos in cities and towns;
what your attitude to zoos is.

You have to talk continuously.

Let me give a talk about animals. In my region live about sixty wild animals, sixteen of them considered to be hunters. Deers, moose, martens,boars, arctic foxes, sables, hares, otters, weasel animals, foxes, squirrels, stoats, brown bears and many other animals live in Siberia. Some animals are included in the Red book, such as wolverines, minks and also river beavers. The biggest and the most dangerous is the brown bear. It is thought to be the master of the taiga.

Everybody knows that people build zoos. Animals are kept in the zoos to show children and adults how different kinds of animals look and behave. It is interesting. Very often people meet sick wild animals in the wood and then they live in the zoo, because recovered animals have poor health and won’t be able to live among the other wild strong animals. They are kept in the zoo to stay alive. I don’t think that to keep a wild animal as a pet is a good idea. It is dangerous and not so humanely. Wild animals should live in the wild nature, because only there they will be able to live in the freedom. That’s all I wanted to say about animals.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about travelling. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:

why most people like travelling;
which season is the best for travelling in your opinion;
what means of transport is the best for travelling, and why;
what your attitude to travelling is.

You have to talk continuously.

I would like to tell about travelling. Lots of people like to travel, because it’s interesting, it develops our mind and imagination. It so exciting to see new places, to meet new people and to make new friends all over the world.

In my opinion, there is no best season for travelling. There are many interesting places to see with different climate in our planet. And I think that any weather is good in its own way. When it is cold in my region, it is hot in another country.

I consider that it is wonderful to travel by plane or by train. If the distance between destinations is big, it is better to choose a plane, cause it is fast and comfortable. If the distance isn’t too big, I prefer to travel by train. I like to see new towns and different nature during my trip.

As for me, I like to travel very much. I choose the places where there is the sea. There is no sea in our region that’s why I prefer warm countries for the rest. Also I like to visit big cities — capitals of different countries, because they always attract traveller’s attention by their novelty, beauty and power. That’s all I wanted to say about travelling.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about holidays. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

· what holidays are most popular in your country

· what your favourite holiday is and how you celebrate it

· if you prefer to give presents or to get presents, and why

You have to talk continuously.

I am going to tell you about holidays which are the most popular in my country. We have a lot of holidays in Russia: New Year, Christmas, Defender of the Fatherland Day, International Women’s Day, Spring and Labour Day, Victory Day, Russia Day and Unity Day. These holidays are very famous among people in my country and they celebrate them in different ways.

My favorite holiday is my birthday. I was born on the 22nd of May. It’s spring and the weather is usually wonderful. I like this holiday so much, because it’s my day when my parents, friends and relatives come to our house and congratulate me. My parents and I always prepare so much tasty food: meat with potatoes, salads and, of course, a very tasty cake. We dance, sing songs, play different games and laugh, joke and tell funny stories during my birthday party.

I always get many presents, I like to get them. Most of all I like to get flowers. They are so beautiful. But I must say, that I also like to give presents. It is always so pleasant to give someone happiness and joy. That’s all I wanted to say about holidays.

Источник

ВАРИАНТ 1

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

The first human carrying flight technology was the hot air balloon. While unmanned balloons have been around in some form for thousands of years, the first flight with people aboard was in 1782. The large balloon on top is called an “envelope”. It holds hot air created by a heat source known a burner. The burner creates an open flame by burning a mix of propane and air. Hot air balloons are capable of floating because the hot air inside the envelope has a lower density than the colder air outside. The top of the balloon usually has a vent which allows the pilot to control the speed of ascent or descent. Passengers typically stand in a basket beneath the envelope. While most envelopes have a standard balloon shape, others are designed to look like animals, cartoon characters and other fun objects.

Task 2. Study the advertisement. You are considering celebrating your birthday at a restaurant and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following:

location
music choice
price per person
discounts for students

Task 3. You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2-3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Tapescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Future Career Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss his future career. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: What two school subjects are the most important for your future job?

Student: _________________________________________

Interviewer: What job would you like to have in the future?

Student: _________________________________________

Interviewer: Do your relatives approve of your career choice?

Student: __________________________________________

Interviewer: What job did you use to like when you were younger?

Student: __________________________________________

Interviewer: Would you like to follow in your parents’ footsteps in choosing a career? Why?

Student: __________________________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for the interview!

Task 4. Imagine that you are doing a project “Types of Shopping” together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
mention the advantages (1-2) of the two types of shopping;
mention the disadvantages (1-2) of the two types of shopping;
express your opinion on the subject of the project – which type of shopping you would prefer and why.

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2-3 sentences for each item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

Photo 1
Photo 2

ВАРИАНТ 2

Many lands that had once been swamps were drained or filled in. There are different reasons why people drained swamplands. Some were drained to fight diseases caused by insects that lived in them. Because swamps were considered unpleasant places in which to live and harmful to health, many people thought that unless they were drained the land was worthless.

Other swamps were drained to make new land. As the population grew and more land was needed, people drained swamps or filled them to make room for more farms and factories, more roads and airports.

Few people thought that it might be harmful to get rid of swamps. As swamps disappeared, other things happened. There were both more floods and more droughts than before. There were also more fires, for swamps had acted as firebreaks. Hunters noticed that there was less wild game. Wild life that once lived in the swamps was dying out, because it had no place to live.

Task 2. Study the advertisement. You are going to visit a natural history museum and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following:

opening hours
special exhibitions
transport to the museum
ticket price

Task 3. You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2-3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Tapescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Holidays and Celebrations Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss holidays and celebrations in Russia. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: What public holidays are celebrated in Russia?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: What is your favourite public holiday? Why?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: Do you like public celebrations? Why?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: How did you celebrate last Christmas?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: Where would you like to spend the best New Year holidays in your life? Why?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for the interview!

Task 4. Imagine that you are doing a project “Best Ways of Sightseeing” together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
mention the advantages and disadvantages (1-2) of the two ways of sightseeing;
mention the disadvantages (1-2) of the two ways of sightseeing;
express your opinion on the subject of the project – which way of sightseeing you prefer and why.

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2-3 sentences for each item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

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ВАРИАНТ 3

People have always told stories and legends to explain natural, but mysterious, occurrences such as the Northern Lights. The Vikings believed the Northern Lights were caused by the shining weapons of warriors. The Alaskan people thought the lights were the souls of salmon, deer and other animals. The Indians told the stories of giants living in the North and thought the lights were their torches.

The Northern Lights are actually caused by electrons from solar winds. They are attracted to the poles by the magnetic fields found there. They mix with gases in the atmosphere, which causes the gases to glow. The Northern Lights are most visible in the far north. They are typically green, purple, red or blue.

Task 2. Study the advertisement. You are considering renting a bike and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following:

location of rentals
documents accepted
price per hour
opening hours

Task 3. You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2-3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Tapescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s School Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss school uniform. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: Do you have to wear school uniform?

Student: ___________________________________________

Interviewer: Why is it important to wear school uniform? Why?

Student: ___________________________________________

Interviewer: What clothes do you usually wear to school?

Student: ___________________________________________

Interviewer: Did your parents use to wear school uniform in the past?

Student: ___________________________________________

Interviewer: Should all school students wear uniform in the future? Why?

Student: ___________________________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for the interview!

Task 4. Imagine that you are doing a project “Best Places to Live for a Teenager” together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
mention the advantages (1-2) of the two places for living;
mention the disadvantages (1-2) of the two places for living;
express your opinion on the subject of the project – which place for living you would prefer and why.

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2-3 sentences for each item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

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ВАРИАНТ 4

Japan is an island nation in East Asia, located in the North Pacific Ocean off the coast of the Asian continent. Japan comprises the four main islands in addition to numerous smaller islands. Tokyo is the country’s capital and largest city. Mountains dominate Japan’s landscape, covering 75 to 80 per cent of the country. Historically, the mountains were barriers to transportation, limiting the economic development of isolated areas. However, with the development of tunnels, bridges, and air transportation in the modern era, the mountains are no longer an obstacle. The Japanese have long celebrated the beauty of their mountains in art and literature, and today many mountain areas are preserved in national parks. Most of Japan’s people live on plains and lowlands found mainly along the lower courses of the country’s major rivers, on the lowest slopes of mountain ranges, and along the sea coast. This concentration of people makes Japan one of the world’s most crowded countries.

Task 2. Study the advertisement. You are considering buying a new smartphone and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following:

price
battery life
image and video quality
number of cameras

Task 3. You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2-3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Tapescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Languages Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss foreign languages. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: Do you like studying foreign languages? Why?

Student: _____________________________________

Interviewer: Why is it important to speak a foreign language?

Student: _____________________________________

Interviewer: How can you improve your language skills?

Student: _____________________________________

Interviewer: Could you speak English when you were five?

Student: ______________________________________

Interviewer: What foreign language would you like to learn in the future? Why?

Student: ______________________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for the interview!

Task 4. Imagine that you are doing a project “Zoos” together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
mention the advantages (1-2) of zoos;
mention the disadvantages (1-2) of zoos;
express your opinion on the subject of the project – should zoos exist in the future and why.

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2-3 sentences for each item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

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ВАРИАНТ 5

Since ancient times, humans have loved and cherished cats as their pets. Today more than 80 million cats reside in US homes, with an estimated three cats for every dog on the planet. Yet there is still a lot we don’t know about our feline friends – including what they think of their owners. After observing pet cats for several years, scientists have come to an intriguing conclusion: cats don’t really understand people the way dogs do. They tend to feel it is they who own their masters, not vice versa. On the contrary, dogs perceive people as being very different from themselves. As soon as they see a human, they change their behaviour. The way a dog plays with a human is completely different from the way it plays with a dog. Cats are independent creatures and they can easily change their owner without changing their habits.

Task 2. Study the advertisement. You are considering going on a bus tour and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following:

price for a person
audio guide in English
starting point
duration of the tour

Task 3. You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2-3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Tapescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s IT Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss the Internet. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: How often do you use the Internet?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: What do you usually use the Internet for?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: Can the Internet be dangerous? Why?

Student: _______________________________________

Interviewer: Did you use the Internet for studying last year?

Student: ________________________________________

Interviewer: Would you like to study online instead of attending classes at school?

Student: ________________________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for the interview!

Task 4. Imagine that you are doing a project “Ways of Spending Leisure Time” together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
mention the advantagesc(1-2) of the two ways of spending leisure time;
mention the disadvantages (1-2) of the two ways of spending leisure time;
express your opinion on the subject of the project – which way of spending your leisure time you would prefer and why.

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2-3 sentences for each item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

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