The birthplace of the first prince of wales егэ ответы

Упражнение на грамматическое преобразование слов. Рекомендуем всем, кто готовится к сдачи ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

ЗаданиеОтвет

The birthplace of the First Prince of Wales

Caernarfon, an ancient British fortress in North Wales, has great historical associations. It was built ( SHOW ) off English might over Wales.

Edward I of England was the first king who set his sight on some thing that no English ruler ( MANAGE ) to do. Invading Wales he wanted the castle to become the centre of this conquest.

The castle, begun in 1283, is the largest of the great Edwardian Welsh defences. It took thousands of craftsmen to build it. Caernarfon ( DOMINATE ) the city for more than 700 years reminding of those past times.

The castle survived the ( BLOODY ) rebellion in the history of Wales.

In order to stop it forever, as the legend says, Edward I promised the Welsh that he ( NAME ) ‘a prince born in Wales, who spoke no word of English’. But then, to their surprise, he produced his infant son, who had been born at the castle.

It was here that Edward I ( PROCLAIM ) his son Prince of Wales in 1301.

This title has passed by tradition to the eldest son of each monarch since that time. In 1969 Prince Charles ( CREATE ) Prince of Wales here also.

The birthplace of the First Prince of Wales

Caernarfon, an ancient British fortress in North Wales, has great historical associations. It was built TO SHOW off English might over Wales.

Edward I of England was the first king who set his sight on some thing that no English ruler HAD MANAGED to do. Invading Wales he wanted the castle to become the centre of this conquest.

The castle, begun in 1283, is the largest of the great Edwardian Welsh defences. It took thousands of craftsmen to build it. Caernarfon HAS BEEN DOMINATING the city for more than 700 years reminding of those past times.

The castle survived the BLOODIEST rebellion in the history of Wales.

In order to stop it forever, as the legend says, Edward I promised the Welsh that he WOULD NAME ‘a prince born in Wales, who spoke no word of English’. But then, to their surprise, he produced his infant son, who had been born at the castle.

It was here that Edward I PROCLAIMED his son Prince of Wales in 1301.

This title has passed by tradition to the eldest son of each monarch since that time. In 1969 Prince Charles WAS CREATED Prince of Wales here also.

Подготовка к ОГЭ и ЕГЭ по английскому языку

Автор: Виклова Елена Анатольевна

Организация: МБОУ СОШ № 7

Населенный пункт: Московская область, г. Реутов

Подготовка к ОГЭ по английскому языку.

Главная цель иноязычного образования в основной школе — формирование коммуникативной компетенции учащихся, понимаемой как способность и готовность учащихся общаться на иностранном языке в пределах, определенных стандартом основного общего образования по иностранному языку. Эта цель подразумевает формирование и развитие коммуникативных умений учащихся в понимании звучащей/устной речи на слух, говорении, чтении и письменной речи на иностранном языке. Для определения уровня сформированности иноязычной компетенции выпускников основной школы в экзаменационной работе предусмотрены две части (письменная и устная).

Чтобы продемонстрировать хорошее владение иностранным языком и получить высокий балл за выполнение экзаменационной работы, нужно подготовиться к ОГЭ.  Как это сделать? Помните, что для успешной сдачи ОГЭ по иностранному языку нужно:

  1. владеть иностранным языком, т.е. иметь прочные умения в разных видах речевой деятельности (аудировании (восприятии речи на слух), чтении, письме, говорении), обладать хорошим словарным запасом и уметь оперировать словами и словосочетаниями в разных ситуациях общения, владеть грамматическими, фонетическими, орфографическими навыками; необходимо также знать и применять различные стратегии работы с иноязычными текстами;
  2. иметь полное и точное представление в формате экзамена, типах заданий и времени, отводимое на их выполнение;
  3. ознакомиться с системой оценивания выполнения заданий, в частности с критериями оценивания выполнения заданий по письменной речи и говорению;
  4. заниматься регулярно, продуманно и последовательно, правильно распределяя нагрузку.

Экзаменационная работа ОГЭ по иностранному языку состоит из двух частей: письменной и устной.

Письменная часть.

Инструкция по выполнению работы.

Письменная часть экзаменационной работы по английскому языку состоит из четырех разделов, включающих в себя 35 заданий.

На выполнение заданий письменной части экзаменационной работы отводиться 2 часа (120 минут).

В разделе 1 (задания по аудированию) предлагается прослушать несколько текстов и выполнить 11 заданий на понимание прослушанных текстов. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий данного раздела – 30 минут.

Возможный алгоритм выполнения задания.

  1. Ознакомиться с формулировкой задания.

  2. Прочитать предлагаемые в задании опции и предположить, о чем пойдёт речь в тексте, какие слова и выражения могут быть услышаны.

  3. Во время звучания записи стараться уточнить предполагаемую информацию и обязательно дослушать до конца. Принять решение, выбрать ответы.

  4. Важно понять содержание, не обязательно понимать каждое слово.

  5. При повторном прослушивании убедиться в правильности выбора опций. Заполнить все ячейки.

Раздел 1 (задания по аудированию).

Вы услышите четыре коротких текста, обозначенных буквами А, B, C, D. В заданиях 1–4 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

1. The steward was worried because the fan …

   1). had a prohibited item.

   2). didn’t want to leave the souvenir.

   3). had something that looked like a knife.

   Ответ:

2. Alex got upset because …

      1) he didn’t want downtown.

      2) he didn’t manage to take a photo.

      3) it could rain at any moment.

      Ответ:

3. Andrew bought …

      1).  a dog with a Union Jack.

      2).  a magnet with a double-decker.

      3). a magnet with a double-decker and Big Ben.

      Ответ:

4. The tourist thinks that the two paintings are alike because …

      1). there is the same symbol of the new.

      2). they are painted at the same time.

      3). they are painted by famous artists.

      Ответ:

 5. Вы готовите тематическую радиопередачу с высказываниями пяти разных людей, обозначенных буквами А, B, C, D, E. Подберите к каждому высказыванию соответствующую его содержанию рубрику из списка 1–6. Используйте каждую рубрику из списка только один раз. В списке есть одна лишняя рубрика. Вы услышите запись дважды.

       1. Peculiarities of political system.

       2. Climate.

       3. Geographical position.

       4. Flora and fauna.

       5. Mineral resources.

       6. Nature.

Запишите в таблицу выбранные цифры под соответствующими буквами.

Ответ:

Говорящий

         А

         В

         С

         D

          E

  Рубрика

Вы помогаете своему другу, юному радиожурналисту, проанализировать подготовленный им для передачи рассказ о Великобритании. Прослушайте аудиозапись рассказа о себе и занесите данные в таблицу. Вы можете вписать не более одного слова (без артиклей) из прозвучавшего текста. Числа необходимо записывать буквами. Вы услышите запись дважды.

    6.

Climate

    7.

The most common tree in the past

    8.

The main natural resource

    9.

The most frequent precious metal

   10.

Form of government

————-Monarchy

   11.

The head of the church

Разделе 2 (задания по чтению) содержит 8 заданий на понимание прочитанных текстов. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий раздела – 30 минут.

Раздел 2 (задания по чтению).

12. Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов А–F содержатся ответы на интересующие вас вопросы 1–7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа. Занесите ваши ответы в таблицу.

1. How did they collect money?

2. When did Liberty Island get its name?

3. Why is it considered an international symbol of freedom?

4. What is the size of the statue?

5. How has it recently changed?

6. How many parts did it consist of?

7. How did they divide labour?

                                                      The Statue of Liberty.

  1. The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World was a gift of friendship from the people of France to the people of the United States and is a universal symbol of freedom and democracy. The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on October 28, 1886, designated as a National Monument in 1924 and restored for her 100th birthday on July 4, 1986.
  1. Sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi was asked to design the sculpture with the year 1876 in mind for completion, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the American Declaration of Independence. The Statue was a joint effort between America and France and it was agreed upon that the American people would build the pedestal, and the French people were responsible for the Statue.
  1. In America, fund raising for the pedestal was going slowly, so Joseph Pulitzer opened up the editorial pages of his newspaper “The World” to support the fund-raising effort. Pulitzer used his newspaper to criticize both the rich who didn’t finance the pedestal construction and the middle class who relied on the wealthy to provide the funds. Pulitzer’s campaign of criticism was successful in motivating the people of America to donate.
  1. The pedestal construction was finished in April of 1886. The Statue was completed in France in July, 1884 and arrived in New York Harbor in June of 1885 on board the French frigate “Isere” which transported the Statue of Liberty from France to the United States. In transit, the Statue was reduced to 350 individual parts and packed in 214 boxes.
  1. The height of the Statue from her heel to the top of her head is 111 feet, 6 inches and there are 154 steps from the pedestal to the head of the Statue of Liberty. Another interesting fact is connected with the Statue’s crown. There are seven rays on her crown, one for each of the seven continents, 9 feet in length each and weighing as much as 150 pounds.
  1. The island, which has been the Statue’s home for more than 120 years, was officially renamed Liberty Island in 1956. Today this imposing work of art continues to capture the imagination of all who see her, whether in person or as the subject of countless photographs or artistic renderings.

Запишите в таблицу выбранные цифры под соответствующими буквами.

Ответ:

   Текст

       А

         В

         С

         D

        E

        F

  Вопрос

Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не   сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated).

Stonehenge.

Stonehenge is Britain’s greatest national icon. Its original purpose is not clear to people, but some scientists have speculated that it used to be a temple made for the worship of ancient gods. It is called an astronomical observatory for marking important events on the prehistoric calendar. Others are sure that it used to be a sacred site for the burial of high-ranking citizens from the ancient societies.

While we can’t say for sure what it was for, we can say that it wasn’t constructed for any casual purpose. Only something very important to ancient people would be worth the effort and investment that it took to construct Stonehenge.

The stones we see today represent Stonehenge in ruin. Many of the original stones have been destroyed or removed by previous generations for home construction or road repair.  

In its day, the construction of Stonehenge was an impressive engineering achievement, requiring a lot of time and plenty of manual labor. In its first phase, Stonehenge was a large earthwork done approximately 5,000 years ago.

About 2,000 BC, the first stone circle (which is the inner circle now), made of small bluestones, was set up, but abandoned before completion. The stones used in that first circle must be from the Prescelly Mountains, located 240 miles away. The bluestones weigh up to 4 tons each, and about 80 stones were used, in all.

The giant stones which form the outer circle weigh 50 tons each. To transport them from the Marlborough Downs, 20 miles to the north, is a greater problem than moving the bluestones. Most of the way, the transportation is quite easy, but at the steepest part of the route, at Redhorn Hill, as modern scientists estimate, at least 600 men were needed just to get each stone past this obstacle.

The question who built Stonehenge is not answered, even today. The monument’s construction has been associated with many ancient peoples throughout the years, for example with the Druids. This connection was first made around 3 centuries ago by John Aubrey. Julius Caesar and other Roman writers told of Celtic priests during the first conquest (55 BC). By this time, though, the stones had been there for 2,000 years, and were, perhaps, already in a ruined condition. Besides, the Druids worshipped in forest temples and did not need any stone structures. The best guess seems to be that the Stonehenge site was begun by the people of the late Neolithic period (around 3000 BC) and carried forward by people from a new economy which was arising at this time.

Nowadays the Stonehenge is still a very impressive site, and the closer you get to it the more impressive it is. No travel itinerary around Britain should omit it.

           13. Nowadays scientists are not sure why people built the Stonehenge.

                1) True           2) False      3) Not stated

                Ответ:

           14. Ancient people started to construct Stonehenge in 2000 BC.

                1) True          2) False       3) Not stated

                Ответ:

           15. Some of the original stones were stolen by the Romans.

                1) True        2) False         3) Not stated

                Ответ:

           16. It was difficult to build Stonehenge.

                 1) True       2) False         3) Not stated

                Ответ:

           17. Ancient people used 50 stones to make the fist circle.

                 1) True       2) False         3) Not stated

                 Ответ:

           18. More than 500 people were needed to transport the giant stones.

                 1) True       2) False       3) Not stated  

                 Ответ:

           19. Druids lived in thick pine forests.

                1) True        2) False       3) Not stated

                Ответ:

Разделе 3 (задания по грамматике и лексике) состоит из 15 заданий. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий раздела – 30 минут.

Ответы к заданиям 5 и 12 записываются в виде последовательности цифр. Эту последовательность цифр нужно записать в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенести в бланк ответов №1.

Ответы к заданиям 1-4 и 13-19 записываются в виде одной цифры, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа. Эту цифру нужно записать в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенести в бланк ответов №1.

Ответы к заданиям 6-11 записываются в виде одного слова, а к заданиям 20 — 34 – в виде одного или нескольких слов. Ответ записывается в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем переносится в бланк ответов №1.

В разделе 4 (задания по письму) дано 1 задание, написать электронное письмо. Задание выполняется на бланке ответов №2. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение задания – 30 минут.

Все бланки заполняются яркими черными чернилами.

При выполнении заданий можно пользоваться черновиком. Записи в черновике, а также в тексте контрольных измерительных материалов не учитываются при оценивании работ.

Баллы, полученные за выполненные задания, суммируются.

Выполнить как можно больше заданий и набрать наибольшее количество баллов.

После завершения работы проверить, чтобы ответ на каждое задание в бланках ответов №1 и №2 был записан под правильным номером. 

Раздел 3 (задания по грамматике и лексике).

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.

20. The National Museum of Natural History is part of the Smithsonian Institution, the ______________ museum and research complex in the world. OUTSTANDING

21. The Museum ______________ to inspiring curiosity, discovery, and learning about the natural world through its exhibitions, and education programs. DEDICATE

22. Opened in 1910, the museum on the National Mall was the ______________ Smithsonian building. ONE

23. There ______________ different exhibitions that educate and entertain millions of visitors each year. BE

24. Scientific research lies at the heart of the Museum’s work. Many exhibits ______________ during scientific expeditions. GATHER

25. Since 1910 the National Museum of Natural History ______________ out research all over the world. CARRY

26. The main building on the National Mall contains 1.5 million square feet of space overall and as people say soon it ______________ even bigger. BECOME

27. The museum has a very interesting history: during World War I, American Special Forces ______________ the building from 1917 to 1919. OCCUPY

28. Through its research, collections, education and exhibition programs, the museum ______________ a source of pride for all Americans. SERVE

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 29–34, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 29–34.

 29. Washington DC is ______________ for its National Mall which includes eleven museums and galleries which belong to the Smithsonian Institution. FAME

30. The Smithsonian Institution is named after British scientist James Smithson. He left his wealth to his nephew Henry Hungerford; however, when Hungerford died ______________ in 1835 he left everything to the United States of America. CHILD

31. Five other Smithsonian museums and the ______________ Zoo are also located in Washington. NATION

32. The National Air and Space Museum holds the largest ____________ of historic aircraft and spacecraft in the world. COLLECT

33. It was established in 1946, as the National Air Museum and opened its main ______________ in 1976. BUILD

34. The museum is ______________ famous among American children and every American boy dreams of going there. WIDЕ

Раздел 4 (задание по письму).

Цель задания 35 – написание электронного письма. Это базовое задание, которое направлено на проверку знаний экзаменуемым основных правил английского языка, в частности умения составлять тексты в стиле неофициальной, личной переписки.

Задание выполняется на бланке ответов №2.

Все бланки заполняются черными чернилами. Разрешается пользоваться черновиком. Записи в черновике, а также в тексте контрольных измерительных материалов не учитываются при оценивании работы.

Рекомендуемое время выполнения задания 35 раздела “Письмо” – 30 минут.

Выполнение данного задания оценивается по 4-м критериям:

  • решение коммуникативной задачи (максимальный балл — 5)
  • организация текста (максимальный балл — 2)
  • лексико-грамматическое оформление текста (максимальный балл – 3)
  • орфография и пунктуация (максимальный балл – 2)

Максимальный балл за весь раздел – 10.

Правило оформления задания.

  1. Приветствие должно начинаться с Dear, после которого идет имя друга по переписке, далее ставится запятая.
  2. Текст должен быть логично выстроен и верно разделен на абзацы. Перед новым абзацем следует пропускать строку.
  3. Необходимо выразить благодарность за полученное письмо.
  4. Необходимо ответить на все вопросы, заданные другом по переписке в новом абзаце, сделав плавный переход. Например: In your email you asked me about ____________
  5. Обязательно употребление в тексте средств логической связи.
  6. Следует выразить надежду на продолжение общения.
  7. Должна присутствовать стандартная завершающая фраза, после которой ставится запятая.
  8. Необходимо поставить имя автора письма (без фамилии) – на отдельной строке. После нее точку не ставят.
  9. В электронном письме тема письма (Subject) дана в самом задании.

10. Из задания переписывать “шапку” письма (To:/From:/Subject:) в бланк ответов №2 не требуется, в бланке необходимо написать только, номер задания и текст ответного письма, начиная с обращения и заканчивая подписью.

11. Количество слов в электронном письме должно быть не менее 90, но и не более 132.

Если объем электронного письма менее 90 слов, то ответ на задание оценивается 0 баллов по всем критериям. Если объем более 132 слов, то проверке подлежат только первые 120 слов, то есть та часть электронного письма, которая соответствует требуемому объему.

При подсчете объема текста электронного письма, соответствующего требованиям, считаются все слова, включая вспомогательные глаголы, предлоги, артикли, частицы, а также обращение и подпись.

При этом:

  • краткие формы (I’m, she’s, don’t – считаются как одно слово.
  • числительные, выраженные цифрами (5, 27, 2015, 37 545 – считаются как одно слово).
  • числительные, выраженные словами (eighty-five – считается как одно слово).
  • сложные слова (dry-cleaning, open-minded – считаются как одно слово).    

 “Шапка” электронного письма (To:/From:/Subject:) в подсчет слов не входит, подсчету подлежит только текст письма.

 Схема оформления электронного письма.

Dear ____________,

Thank you so much for your recent email. It was great to hear from you again after such a long time.

I’m glad to answer your questions about…

As for me,

Personally,

Actually,

That’s all my news for now. Hope to hear from you soon.

Best wishes,

_____________

Для ответа на задание 35 используйте бланк ответов №2. При выполнении задания 35 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на бланке ответов №2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма электронного письма. Письмо недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста электронного письма, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются.

35. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom:

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: Sights in NY and Moscow

…I am so glad that our parents have agreed that you will come to New York in June and I will come to your place in Moscow in August!

What places in New York do you want to visit? Unfortunately, I am not very acquainted with Moscow sights, beside the Kremlin. What would you like us to see, so that I can read about it before I come to Moscow? What should I bring with me to Moscow?

Write a message to Tom and answer his 3 questions.

Write 100–120 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: Sights in NY and Moscow

Устная часть. 

Инструкция по выполнению работы.

      Устная часть по английскому языку включает в себя 3 задания.

      Задание 1 – чтение вслух небольшого текста научно-популярного характера. Время на подготовку – 1,5 минуты.

Возможный алгоритм выполнения задания:

 1. 1,5 минуты на подготовку чтения текста – понять содержание. При подготовке к этому заданию начните с внимательного прочтения текста, постарайтесь понять содержание текста и его основную мысль.

 2. Отметить слова, которые могут вызвать трудность при чтении. Особое внимание обращайте на интонацию, логическое ударение и паузы между смысловыми группами. Именно это делает чтение осмысленным. 

 3. Разбить текст мысленно на смысловые синтагмы, выделить ключевые слова. Выделить смысловые группы помогают запятые, но при этом нужно помнить, что в предложении без знаков препинания также могут быть отдельные смысловые группы.

 4. Продумать интонацию, паузы, фразовое ударение, не “глотайте” окончания, не вставляйте слова, которых нет в тексте (артикли, предлоги), при чтении не торопитесь, однако нужно помнить о времени.

 5.  Постараться прочитать текст шёпотом.

Task 1. You need to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

Belfast is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland. It stands at the mouth of the River Lagan and has the population of 286,000. Belfast has a temperate climate but, thanks to the Gulf Stream, it is milder than other locations at a similar latitude. Belfast used to be a centre of the Irish linen, tobacco and shipbuilding industries. It is mostly famous for the Titanic that was built at the beginning of the 20th century in the biggest in the world shipyard called Harland and Wolff. Belfast was also a global industrial centre during the Industrial Revolution. Today, Belfast is the industrial, economic and business centre of Northern Ireland as well as a centre for the arts and higher education. The city’s culture has always been influenced by two cultural communities — Protestants and Catholics.

      Задание 2 – принять участие в условном диалоге – расспросе: ответить на шесть услышанных в аудио записи вопросов телефонного опроса. Вопрос прозвучит только один раз.

Возможный алгоритм выполнения задания:

1. Послушать вступление и понять тему.

2. Внимательно слушать вопросы, чтобы дать полный и точный ответ. Если что-то в вопросе осталось непонятным, постарайтесь догадаться и начинайте сразу отвечать. Лучше ответить на вопрос так, как он вами понят, чем не ответить вообще.

3. Можно дать ответ одним распространённым предложением или несколькими простыми предложениями. Отвечайте на вопросы конкретно, говорите громко, четко и не слишком быстро.

4. Использовать 40 секунд, подтверждая ответ аргументами, и это время превышать нельзя.

5. Обращайте внимание на грамматическое оформление своих ответов. Если вы поняли, что сделали ошибку, можно повторно сформулировать свой ответ, помня о лимите времени. В этом случае засчитывается последняя сказанная вами фраза.

6. Для получения максимального балла следует использовать средства логической связи. Например, для выражения личного мнения, привидения примеров, добавления информации, сравнения и противопоставления.

Task 2. Take part in a survey. You have to answer six questions. Give full answers to the questions. Remember that you have 60 seconds to answer each question.

Typescript for Task 2.

Electronic assistant: Hello! I’m an electronic assistant of the World Wide English Club. We kindly ask you to take part in our survey. We want to find out how people studying English feel about going abroad. Please answer six questions. The survey is anonymous — you don’t have to give your name. So, let’s get started.

Electronic assistant: Have you ever been to England or the USA?

Student: _______________________________________________

Electronic assistant: What other English speaking countries do you know?

Student: _______________________________________________

Electronic assistant: What countries do you want to visit? Why?

Student: _______________________________________________

Electronic assistant: What places of interest do you want to see first when you come to a foreign country?

Student: ______________________________________________

Electronic assistant: Would you like to live in England or the USA for a year?

Student: _______________________________________________

Electronic assistant: Why do people go abroad?

Student: _______________________________________________

Electronic assistant: This is the end of the survey. Thank you very much for your cooperation.

Задание 3 – необходимо построить связанное монологическое высказывание на определенную тему с опорой на план. Время на подготовку – 1,5 минуты.

Возможный алгоритм выполнения задания:

 1. Внимательно прочитать задание и ознакомиться с планом ответа, который включает четыре пункта. Необходимо наиболее полно раскрыть содержание всех пунктов плана. Дайте развернутую аргументацию. Избегайте избыточной информации, которая не обозначена в пунктах плана.

 2. Продумать вступление и ключевые слова и фразы вашего ответа. Высказывание должно быть целостным и завершенным.

 3. В устной речи предпочтительно использовать краткие и ясные предложения. Обращайте внимание на интонацию и логическое ударение. Один из критериев оценивания данного задания – языковое оформление текста, т.е. правильное произношение и правильная интонация. Старайтесь не делать длинных пауз. Словарный запас также важен при оценке данного задания. Активно используйте средства логической связи, чтобы ответ был похож на связанный монолог, а не на ответы на вопросы. Обращайте внимание на грамматическое оформление высказывания.

 4. В среднем, нужно произнести по 3 предложения на каждый пункт плана, которые не следует зачитывать.

5. Внимательно следить за временем, чтобы успеть сделать заключение, подвести итог вашей речи. Если вы поняли, что сделали ошибку, можно исправит ее, повторно сформулировав фразу, помня при этом о лимите времени.

Task 3. You are going to give a talk about London. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes.

Remember to say:

 • the most famous sights and museums

 • what places of interest in London you would like to see most/you liked most when you were in London

 • the most important things one should know before going to London

 • what souvenirs tourists usually bring home from London.

 You have to talk continuously.

Общее время ответа одного участника ОГЭ (включая время на подготовку) – 15 минут.

Каждое последующее задание выдается после окончания выполнения предыдущего задания. Во время ответа ведется аудиозапись.

Подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку.

Задания по аудированию в формате ЕГЭ предполагают проверку и оценку основных навыков и умений учащихся, связанных с пониманием на слух речи на иностранном языке, что является необходимым компонентом формирования их комплексной иноязычной компетенции. При подготовке учащихся к выполнению заданий на аудирование внимание учителя должно быть направлено на решение задач, включающих два образовательных аспекта – содержательный и процессуально-технологический. Освоение содержательного аспекта связано непосредственно с формированием способности понимать на слух речь на иностранном языке, тогда как учет процессуально- технологических требований необходим для овладения навыками работы с заданиями экзаменационных форматов.

Это означает, что учащемуся продемонстрировать, а экзаменатору проверить и оценить его навыки и умения можно только путем так называемой “формализации умения” – трансформации его в форму, поддающуюся анализу и оценке. С этой целью специалистами-текстологами разрабатывается набор заданий определенных форматов, позволяющих проконтролировать и оценить уровень сформированности тех или иных навыков и умений учащихся.

  1. Умение догадываться о значении незнакомого слова по контексту или аналогии с родным языком.
  2. Умение понимать информацию в перефразированном виде: если в пунктах задания встречаются отрицания, выраженные грамматически и лексически, то перед прослушиванием попробуйте трансформировать их в утвердительные структуры: это особенно важно, когда в пункте задания встречаются два отрицания, а в звучащем тексте оно одно или наоборот – в задании одно, а в тексте – два;
  3. Попробуйте подобрать синонимы/антонимы к ключевым словам и выражениям, поскольку именно их, а не те слова, что приведены в пунктах задания, вы, вероятнее всего, услышите в записи.
  4. Перед тем как начать прослушивание, внимательно прочтите формулировку задания, способ предоставления ответов и:
  • определите тип задания;
  • определите характер или уровень понимания прослушанного текста;
  • определите тип текста, который вам предстоит услышать (интервью, диалог, монологическое высказывание – объявление, рассказ);
  • определите тематику текста;
  • дайте возможные ответы (если задание требует свободного ввода ответа, то определите, какого рода информация потребуется: имя, название, место, время, характер действия;
  • подготовьтесь к восприятию информации, трудной с фонетической точки зрения (слов с похожим произношением, имен собственных, числительных);

Во время первого прослушивания:

  • не отвлекайтесь, сосредоточьтесь на тексте и задании к тексту;
  • убедитесь, что вы правильно определили тип текста, опираясь на структуру, выражения и речевые обороты, характерные для данного типа высказывания;
  • убедитесь, что вы правильно предвосхитили основную идею текста;
  • попытайтесь ответить на вопросы задания;
  • помните о коварстве. Когда привлекают вас знакомыми словами и структурами, но несут неверный смысл;
  • постарайтесь запомнить как можно больше информации, это поможет вам ответить на вопросы задания во время паузы между первым и вторым прослушиванием;

Во время второго прослушивания:

  • проверяйте правильность своих ответов, сделанных во время первого прослушивания, обращая внимание на пропущенную или не понятную вами информацию;
  • проверяя правильность ответов, убедитесь в том, что оставшиеся варианты ответов являются неверными;

После прослушивания: еще раз просмотрите свои ответы и, опираясь на информацию о тексте, оставшуюся в вашей памяти, удостоверьтесь в правильности ваших ответов или скорректируйте их в случае необходимости, не оставляйте ни один пункт задания без ответа. Заполнить бланк ответа. Проверьте себя: докажите обоснованность принятого решения, цитируя текст. На этапе тренировки в случае затруднения лучше обращаться к тексту аудиозаписи, чем слушать запись повторно. На экзамене запись прозвучит только два раза.

Раздел 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ.

 1.Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

 1. Getting ready in advance for the flight.

 2. Some handy eating and drinking tips.

 3. The importance of resting a lot during the flight.

 4. You need to fly to the right direction.

 5. Forcing yourself to follow the new regime of sleep.

 6. A fortunate coincidence during the flight.

 7. The extreme way of resetting your internal clock.

Говорящий

       A

       B

        C

        D

        E

        F

Утверждение

2.Вы услышите диалог.

Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A. Liam has already been to Russia.

B. Liam wanted to see only the central part of Russia.

C. Liam went on the tour with his friends.

D. Liam was accompanied by the guide during his travel in Russia.

E. He spent a night near Lake Baikal.

F. When Liam was visiting Russian cities he stayed at hotels.

 G. Liam liked varied Russian food.

Утверждение

     A

      B

      C

      D

       E

       F

      G

Соответствие    диалогу

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3.Chase’s interest in travelling is due to …

1) his studying at school.

2) his personality.

3) going to college.

Ответ:

4.When Chase learned about couchsurfing, he …

1) got interested in it.

2) asked his friends for details.

3) decided to become a host.

Ответ:

5.According to Chase the best way to succeed in couchsurfing is by …

1) setting up a creative blog.

2) presenting your personal data well.

3) having a real photo of yourself on the site.

 Ответ:

6.While travelling Chase realised that …

1) it’s better to couchsurf when you are young.

2) couchsurfing depends on age.

3) it’s the person not the age that is important.

Ответ:

 7.Couchsurfing made Chase understand that …

 1) there is nothing to worry about the strangers.

 2) the more you travel the more you learn about the locals.

 3) there are great differences in cultures.

 Ответ:             

 8.The hobby made Chase …

 1) more self-assured.

 2) more generous to others.

 3) more occupied in travelling.

 Ответ:

 9.Chase believes that in the future …

 1) he’ll be travelling with his friends.

 2) he’ll make his dream true.

 3) wherever he goes he’ll find a soul mate.

 Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 1–9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК   ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ.

Чтение-вид речевой деятельности, входящей в сферу коммуникативно-общественной деятельности людей, реализуемой в форме вербального опосредованного общения” (Леонтьев А.Н.,1972). В чтении участвуют 2 механизма: механизм восприятия печатного кода и механизм активной переработки читаемого, обеспечивающий понимание и осмысление.

  • Что такое “уметь читать”?
  • Читать вслух, с правильным произношением, ритмом и интонацией-техника чтения.
  • Читать с извлечением информации с различными целями.
  • Разные виды чтения требуют разных приемов для обучения. Рассмотрим способы обучения технике чтения, чтению для качественного извлечения и понимания информации:

Чтение с пониманием.

  • Правильное чтение вслух на уровне предложения и текста невозможно без понимания смысла: от этого зависит интонация, синтагматическое членение, ритм и отчасти темп чтения.
  • Существуют различные цели чтения и, соответственно, виды чтения. Одна из популярных классификаций выделяет чтение ознакомительное (для понимания основного смысла текста), изучающее (точное понимание всей информации), просмотровое (для понимания интересен ли текст) и поисковое (для нахождения только конкретной информации, игнорируя остальную).

Чем обусловлено понимание при чтении?

        Понимание при чтении зависит от:

  • Владениями чтения в соответствии с целью (алгоритм чтения)
  • Наличия достаточных языковых знаний (лексика и грамматика)
  • Уровня развития умения прогнозировать текст (угадать не только синтаксис, но и повороты сюжета)
  • Наличия знаний об особенностях жанра (включая риторическую организацию, внутреннюю логику)
  • Наличие знаний о дискурсивных особенностях текста (включая как внешние реалии – контекст, так и механизмы воздействия на читателя).

10.Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

 1. People’s contribution for the common good.

 2. Sharing your personal knowledge with others.

 3. Virtual reality for users with social interaction problems.

 4. New visual technologies at school.

 5.Virtual travel with useful navigation apps.

 6. Popularity of virtual tourism among teens.

 7. Comparing new technology to other forms of entertainment.

 8. When age does not matter.

 A. Google Maps and Google Earth are largely influencing tools for finding a place and searching information about a destination. Travelers who want a quality time through online travel can look in the google maps. They have powerful satellite system through which any destination can be seen and explored without going there. And last but not the least, the Guardian has an extensive travel service called the Guardian Travel. It offers a tool called ‘where have you been’.

B. Wikipedia is an online ‘crowdsourced’ encyclopedia that is constantly updated by thousands of volunteers from all over the world. It is a real-time look into the combined knowledge and experiences of billions of people. It is great for virtual tourism because you can quickly find almost any destination on Earth getting a sense for what each of these places is like. It does not matter how far, forbidding or obscure it is. You can find detailed descriptions and even photos.

C. Hundreds of new immersive experiences can transport students back through history or across our solar system with no magic bus required. Students can find themselves in the middle of the action where they can truly have first-person experiences. Virtual adventures can tap into the emotional core of human brains by tricking the mind into believing that users are actually teleported beyond the classroom into environments that fully engage their senses.

D. Virtual reality is more than just a fun classroom distraction. It is especially useful to help mobility-challenged students or those with special educational needs. According to a recent study, virtual reality is helping to accurately identify students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Virtual ‘peer’ avatars are also used to help students on the autism spectrum learn important social skills such as eye contact and empathy.

E. We remember only ten percent of what we read, twenty percent of what we hear and thirty percent of what we both see and hear. But virtual reality can trick us into actually experiencing being chased by a dinosaur or feeling the emotional despair of life. The exhilaration of walking on the moon can cause an emotional response far deeper than any movie ever could. According to studies VR users have a higher emotional engagement than content provided with traditional video.

F. VirtualTourist was a travel website that existed from 1997 to 2017. It was a place where members could benefit from the first-hand knowledge, experience and advice of real travelers and locals. Then Trippy was founded. Some of the original forums from VirtualTourist were migrated to Trippy since a lot of the discussion was similar, focusing on travel questions and answers. Trippy is a home for the expert travel help and knowledge from former VT’ers.

G. Travel is a luxury sometimes taken for granted. But the older we get, the more difficult it can be to see the world. Luckily, virtual reality technology can change it. Unfortunately, elderly people are often overlooked when new technology enters the market, most likely due to their perceived inability to adopt new concepts. Though VR is rarely associated with the elderly, it can improve the quality of their life and make sure their dreams of travel are never ignored.

Ответ:

       A

        B

        C

        D

       E

        F

       G

Задание 11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Рекомендуемый алгоритм выполнения задания.

До чтения текста. Просмотрите фрагменты задания после текста и определите структурные особенности начала и конца каждого из них. Для этого постарайтесь понять: есть ли совпадающие элементы, просматриваются ли явные лексико – грамматические связи и в чем, где данные связи просматриваются наиболее явно – в начале или в конце фрагмента.

Во время чтения текстa. Прочитайте текст до первого пропуска. Прочитайте предложенные фрагменты. Чтобы выбрать нужный фрагмент, особое внимание обратите на последнее слово перед пропуском: требует ли это слово определенного согласования или управления (использования определенного предлога, герундия или инфинитива. Если есть несколько фрагментов, начинающихся одинаково, обратите внимание как они заканчиваются и сочетается ли окончание фрагмента с первым словом текста после пропуска.

Welcome to Kaliningrad.

Kaliningrad is Russia’s western exclave located between Poland and Lithuania. Originally there was an Old Prussian fort called Twangste, meaning ‘Oak Forest’. But during the conquest of the Teutonic Knights in 1255, this settlement was destroyed and A____________________________. The city В______________ the Bohemian King Ottokar II. The literal meaning of Königsberg is the ‘King’s Mountain’. As a Baltic port city, it successively became the capital of the monastic state, the Duchy of Prussia (1525–1701) and East Prussia. Königsberg remained the coronation city of the Prussian monarchy, though the capital was moved to Berlin in 1701.

Between the 13th and the 20th centuries, the majority of inhabitants spoke German, but the multicultural city also C__________________ the Lithuanian and Polish cultures. The city was a publishing centre of Lutheran literature and it was in there that the first-ever books were printed in the 16th century, including the first Polish translation of the New Testament, the first book in Lithuanian and the first Lutheran catechism.

Königsberg was a university city, home of the Albertina University which was founded in 1544. The city developed into D___________________, being the residence of world-famous philosophers, scholars, writers, such as Immanuel Kant, E. T. A. Hoffmann and others.

The city had been the capital of the former German province of East Prussia before the end of World War II E___________________ the Soviet Union and was renamed ‘Kaliningrad’.

Few traces of the former Königsberg remain today, F__________________ during World War II. But the city’s historic charm is still felt if you look about attentively.

1. when the city was joined to

2. had a great influence on

3. replaced with a new fortress named Königsberg

4. an important German intellectual and cultural centre

5. was named in honor of

6. one of the biggest ports

7. as Königsberg was heavily damaged.

Ответ:

         A

         B

          C

          D

         E

           F

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18.

Работайте с каждым заданием последовательно, следуя следующей логике: определите суть запрашиваемой информации в первой части каждого задания. Найдите и отчеркните ту часть текста, где содержится ответ на этот вопрос. Прочитайте все четыре варианта ответа и выберете верный. Подтвердите обоснованность своего выбора с опорой на текст. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

Unseen translation.

The rain held off as Arthur and his new nanny walked to the underground. Missy thought it was important for a child to use public transport, to suffer dreary queues and biting winds. Even when working for the richest families she had made a point of hauling their children around the streets of London on buses and trains. She believed stoicism was a virtue that was badly in need of reviving.

Missy was looking forward to the school break and some life-kicking time in London’s parks with Arthur, when his mother Romney suddenly said that he was going to visit his father for half-term.

‘Oh yeah, didn’t I say?’ Romney said when Missy questioned her. ‘Boak are in the middle of the huge world tour. Arthur’s going to visit him when they’re in Germany. Flying into Munich, flying out of Hamburg at the end of the week. All the arrangements have been made by his publicist; you’re going too.’

Missy and Arthur were in possession of an extraordinary detailed itinerary for the German leg of Boak’s tour with provided flight times, driver details, hotel reservations and two different mobile numbers to contact.

‘What will that be like?’ Missy asked Arthur, as the plane bumped lightly onto the runway at Munich airport.

‘Extreme,’ he said.

There was no car to collect them from the airport, but Missy had changed sterling into Deutschmarks at Heathrow and they caught a taxi to the hotel.

The hotel had no record of any reservation. ‘Two rooms? In the name of Wright?’ Missy persisted, showing the receptionist the careful itinerary. The receptionist regarded it politely as if it was a document from another civilization.

‘Are Boak actually staying here?’ Missy asked. At first, the receptionist thought she was trying to say ‘book’ and then ‘Björk’. The smile on the receptionist’s face grew stiff and tired. She called the manager.

The manager appeared, smiling sadly, and said that he very much regretted but the hotel never revealed details about its guests. It was growing late by now and Missy didn’t want to argue. Arthur was sitting on their luggage, looking like a weary refugee, and Missy decided they would take a room anyway. She offered the brand-new gold credit card Romney had given her before they left. A few minutes later the hotel manager returned it to her and said in a low murmur that he was very sorry but the card was ‘not acceptable’. He smiled even more sadly. Missy paid for the room by her own card.

‘How much money do you have?’ Arthur asked. ‘Quite a lot actually,’ Missy said truthfully. ‘I’ve been saving for years.’

‘But you’re not supposed to be paying.’

‘True. But it’s only for one night. I expect your father will turn up tomorrow.’ The next morning Missy phoned both mobile numbers. One was completely dead, the other announced something impenetrable in German. And there was no answer on Romney’s number.

Missy went down to reception and looked the sadly smiling manager in the eye in the same way that she looked at little boys when she particularly wanted them to tell her the truth.

‘If you were me,’ she said to him, ‘and think about this carefully, would you stay another night at this unbelievably expensive hotel and wait for the band known as Boak to turn up?’

‘No,’ he said, ‘I wouldn’t.’

‘Thanks.’

‘Look at it this way,’ Missy said to Arthur. ‘Our flight from Hamburg isn’t for another week, we have enough money — even if it’s mine — and we’re in one of the great cultural cities of Western Europe in the half-term holidays, so we may as well enjoy ourselves.’

Adapted from ‘Not the End of the World’ by Kate Atkinson.

12. We learn from the first paragraph that Missy …

1) was finding it necessary to protect the kids from difficulties in real life.

2) enjoyed going on walking tours round the city.

3) worked only for well-to-do families.

4) thought that kids should know how to overcome difficulties in life.

Ответ:

13. Arthur was going …

1) to visit his father and to spend his summer vacation in Europe.

2) to go to Germany with his nanny.

3) to tour Germany with his father.

4) to fly to Germany with his family.

Ответ:

14. Arthur suggested that their holiday might be …

1) entertaining.

2) challenging.

3) overwhelming.

4) tough.

Ответ:

15. After Missy and Arthur had arrived at the hotel …

1) they had problems with checking-in.

2) they were offered the best suite.

3) Arthur’s father was waiting for them there.

4) they had an argument with the manager.

Ответ:

16. The manager of the hotel …

1) was not willing to answer Missy’s questions.

2) sympathized with the tourists.

3) was speaking firmly and agitatedly.

4) got angry with Missy.

Ответ:

17. Missy spent the next morning …

1) talking with the publicist in German.

2) discussing the plans with Arthur.

3) trying to come in touch with Arthur’s acquaintances and family.

4) finding the band.

Ответ:

18. When Missy was speaking to Arthur at the end of the story, she was …

1) supportive.

2) confused.

3) respectful.

4) thoughtful.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА.

Это задание проверяет знание грамматики английского языка. Обратим внимание на те части речи, которые необходимо трансформировать. Справа от текста могут быть даны любые из шести частей речи. Это имя существительное, наречие, количественное числительное, личное местоимение и глагол. При выполнении этого задания необходимо учитывать, какие грамматические формы имеют данные части речи. Имя существительное единственного числа принимает форму множественного числа (здесь необходимо, помимо общего правила образования множественного числа существительных, вспомнить все исключения и особенности правописания форм множественного числа существительных). Количественное числительное становится порядковым числительным (обратите внимание на сложные случаи образования и написания некоторых числительных). Имя прилагательное и наречие имеют сравнительную или превосходную степени (здесь также есть некоторые случаи, которые надо помнить). Личное местоимение может превратиться в притяжательное (краткая или полная формы), объектное или возвратное. Что касается глагола, помните, что он может стоять в личной и неличной форме (например, в виде Present Participle или Past Participle). Если глагол должен быть употреблен в личной форме, то надо определить, в каком залоге должен стоять глагол (действительном или страдательном) и в каком грамматическом времени. Для правильного определения грамматического времени, надо, во-первых, определить в каком бытийном (жизненном) времени представлено предложение или ситуация. Для этого мы, смотря на глаголы вокруг пропуска и другие указатели времени, определяем, относится ли повествование к настоящему, прошедшему или будущему. Определив время, мы должны определить временную форму. Для этого мы ищем в предложении слова-подсказки или индикаторы грамматических времен (например, every day, usually — индикаторы Present Simple, since, for, yet — индикаторы Present Perfect. Также часто помогает линия времени, которая наглядно показывает, какая существует последовательность между действиями и событиями. Кроме того, глагол может являться частью условного предложения. Не забудьте также обратить внимание на те слова, которые стоят непосредственно перед пропуском — не забывайте, что есть ряд глаголов, прилагательных, фраз и конструкций, после которых необходимо употребление инфинитива с частичкой или без частички to или герундия (например, fancy going, want to go, make symbol do smith, there’s’ no point in doing smith…).
 

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25.

The birthplace of the First Prince of Wales.

19.Caernarfon, an ancient British fortress in North Wales, has great historical associations. It was built ______ off English might over Wales. SHOW

20.Edward I of England was the first king who set his sight on some thing that no English ruler __________ (ever) to do. Invading Wales, he wanted the castle to become the centre of this conquest. MANAGE

21.The castle, begun in 1283, is the largest of the great Edwardian Welsh defences. It took thousands of craftsmen to build it. Caernarfon ____________ the city for more than 700 years reminding of those past times. DOMINATE

22.The castle survived the _____________ rebellion in the history of Wales. BLOODY

23.In order to stop it forever, as the legend says, Edward I promised the Welsh that he ______________ ‘a prince born in Wales, who spoke no word of English’. But then, to their surprise, he produced his infant son, who had been born at the castle. NAME

24.It was here that Edward I __________ his son Prince of Wales in 1301. PROCLAIM

25. This title has passed by tradition to the eldest son of each monarch since that time. In 1969 Prince Charles _______________ Prince of Wales here also. CREATE

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26–31, однокоренные слова, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы отдельному заданию из группы 26–31.

Railway terminals of St. Petersburg.

 26. St. Petersburg is a city of five active railway terminals that ____________ link past and present. SYMBOL

27. Baltic Terminal was constructed in the middle of the 19th century on the southern bank of the Obvodnoy Canal. It used to direct the trains to Tallinn but since 1933 the terminal has been used to handle _________ communications only. SUBURB

28. Moscow Terminal is a crossroads of ways running through Central and South Russia, Crimea, Siberia and Eastern Ukraine. The first _________ appeared in 1844–51 and was named Nicholaevsky after the reigning monarch Nicholas I. It has a twin train station in Moscow known as Leningradsky Rail Terminal. ERECT

29. Vitebsk Terminal was the first railway stations to be built in the city and the whole of the Russian Empire in 1837. It was the greatest __________ of engineering that crucially changed the life in the city and in the country. IMPROVE

30. Finland Terminal handles transport to northern destinations including Helsinki and Vyborg. Finland Station was designed by __________ architects, built by Finnish State Railways and opened in 1870. SWEDEN

31.Ladozhsky Terminal is one of the newest, the largest and most modern passenger railway station in Russia. It opened in 2003 for the 300th anniversary of the city’s _______. It serves routes to the north and east previously served by Moscow Terminal and by Finland Station. Of the stations in Saint Petersburg, this station is the only ‘not terminus’ station that trains can pass. FOUND

Про Задания 32—38 — это задания повышенного уровня сложности, наиболее трудные в данном разделе.

Они проверяют, умеете ли вы использовать слова в связном тексте с учётом их смысла, сочетаемости, грамматического оформления. Это тест множественного выбора.

Вам даётся связный текст с семью пропусками. Для каждого пропуска предлагается четыре варианта ответа, из которых надо выбрать один правильный. За каждый правильный ответ   вы получаете 1 балл.

За успешное выполнение ВСЕХ заданий 32—38 можно получить максимум 7 баллов.

Употребление предлогов после существительных, прилагательных, глаголов

  • Фразовые глаголы
  • Синонимы
  • Слова, схожие по написаю
  • Слова по одной теме: lend, borrow, buy, pay
  • Словосочетания
  • Идиомы (редко)
  • Вводные слова

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38, в которых представлены возможные варианты возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

To travel or not to travel.

I have always been thinking if the cost of travelling compensates the experience. Travelling is such a pleasure. Imagine going around the world experiencing all the different things that aren’t the same in your home country. Travelling gives you a great thing to put on applications because it shows that you are 32 _________ to travel and understand travelling for work.

With travelling you could literally go anywhere in the world. You could never 33 _________ out of different places to visit because there are so many! Entering a new country usually changes your views about everything.

Another thing with travelling is the cultural exchange you get. The best way to do it is communicating with local people. So, I usually tend to 34 ________ away from all the touristy areas to feel more like the locals.

35 _________, travelling does have a disadvantage … the cost. Travelling not by yourself but with your family along is more expensive. But one way to save is going on cruises. They are the best for big families and if you want to see many places in a short period of time.

Another tip to 36 _____________ the cost of travelling is to follow other travellers’ advice. Some of them launch blogs, travel vlogs on YouTube Channel and post pictures on VK to keep a record of their journeys and let people back home know what they’re 37 _________ to as well as share their travel tips, costs and stories. This information can help other travellers budget for their trip and 38 ____________ an eye on their spendings. All in all, I think travelling is worth taking!

32.1) versatile     2) flexible      3) responsive      4) nimble

Ответ:

33.1) run              2) get             3) move              4) be

Ответ:

34.1) stand           2) stay            3) step                4) stick

Ответ:         

35.1) consequently 2) moreover 3) however        4) therefore

Ответ:

36.1) lessen           2) cut down   3) reduce           4) decline

Ответ:

37.1) up                 2) about         3) round            4) down

Ответ:

38.1) have              2) keep          3) put                4) hold

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 19–38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19–31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 4. ПИСЬМЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ.

Цель задания 39 – написание электронного письма. Это базовое задание, которое направлено на проверку знаний экзаменуемым основных правил английского языка, в частности умения составлять тексты в стиле неофициальной, личной переписки.

Задание выполняется на бланке ответов №2. Все бланки ответов заполняются черными чернилами.

Разрешается пользоваться черновиком. Записи в черновике, а также в тексте контрольных измерительных материалов не учитываются при оценивании работы. Рекомендуемое время для задания 39 – 30 минут.

Критерии по выполнению данного задания:

  • решение коммуникативной задачи (максимальный балл — 2)
  • организация текста (максимальный балл – 2)
  • языковое оформление текста (максимальный балл – 2). 6 баллов за 39 задание.

Схема оформления письма.

Dear_________,

Thank you for your letter. It was great to hear from you again!

Let me answer your questions. Well, …

As for me,

Personally,

Actually,

That’s great news about_______________

Hope to hear from you soon!

Best wishes,

_____________________

Для ответов на задания 39 и 40.1 и 40.2 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки могут делаться прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40.1 и 40.2 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Укажите номер задания 39 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.

39. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Cole:

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: A trekking holiday

…This month we have completed a course of outward bound activities we’ve been up to the mountains on a hiking tour. We spent an unforgettable time there, exploring the beautiful scenery and doing different challenging tasks. And what area of your country would you like to know better? How will you explore it? Who would you prefer to go with? I’m going to take a gap year after graduating, and, unfortunately, I haven’t got a scholarship…

Write an email to Cole.

In your message: — answer his questions; — ask 3 questions about his gap year.

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

На экзамене вам надо будет выбрать только одно из двух предложенных заданий 40.1 (на основе таблицы) или 40.2 (на основе диаграммы). Начиная работу над письменным высказыванием, внимательно ознакомьтесь с двумя предлагаемыми заданиями и выберете ту тему, которую вам легче будет раскрыть. Изучите предлагаемый план. Для каждого пункта плана рекомендуется выделять отдельный абзац. Итого получается 5 абзацев.

  1. В первом абзаце необходимо раскрыть первый пункт плана. Во введении должен присутствовать вводный тезис общего характера по теме выбранного задания 40.1 или 40.2. Необходимо указать коммуникативную ситуацию и цель выполняемого проекта.
  2. Во втором абзаце необходимо раскрыть второй пункт плана. Здесь необходимо описать приведенную статистику и выделить две-три черты.
  3. В третьем абзаце необходимо раскрыть третий пункт плана. В данном абзаце следует провести одно-два сравнения в рамках темы проекта.
  4. Для успешного выполнения данного задания во втором и третьем абзаце рекомендуется охватить все пять пунктов, указанные в таблице/диаграмме.
  5. В четвертом абзаце необходимо раскрыть четвертый пункт плана. Следует описать проблему, которая может возникнуть в сфере данного исследования, и предложить способ ее решения.
  6. В заключении нужно выразить свое мнение по теме проекта, которое не должно меняться. В основной части надо внимательно относиться к формулировкам плана, потому что последний пункт основной части и заключение в разных темах формулируются по-разному.
  7. Помните, что каждый абзац имеет свою структуру. В первом предложении каждого абзаца должна быть выражена его основная мысль, которую далее следует развивать, подкрепляя аргументами и примерами.
  8. Не забывайте, что первый и последний абзацы (введение и заключение) должны быть примерно одного и того же объема. При этом общий объем второго, третьего и четвертого абзаца (основная часть) не должен быть меньше общего объема введения и заключения.
  9. В письменном высказывании используйте соответствующие средства логической связи, слова и выражения, характерные для рассуждений.
  10. Числительные необходимо писать цифрами.
  11. Рекомендованный объем письменного высказывания – от 200-250 слов. Допускается не более 10% отклонения в объеме в ту или иную сторону, то есть письменное высказывание может содержать не менее 180 слов и не более 275 слов включительно. Если работа содержит менее 180 слов, она не будет проверяться. Если работа содержит более 275 слов, то экзаменатор будет проверять только первые 250 слов. Краткие формы использовать при написании письменного высказывания не рекомендуется.

Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (40.1 или 40.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 40 числительные пишите цифрами.

40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what types of travel in Zetland teenagers prefer. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below). Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Types of travel

Number of customers (%)

Package holiday

73.5

Weekend travel

55.2

Educational travel

38.7

Event travel

24.8

Health travel

11.4

Write 200–250 words.

 Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2–3 facts;

— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with choosing the way of travel and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the role of travelling in human life.

40.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on how tourist friendly Moscow is. You have found some data on the subject (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project. How satisfied are tourists with the following facilities in Moscow? Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2–3 facts;

— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with facilities in Moscow and suggest а way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the role of Moscow facilities in our life.

Раздел 5. УСТНАЯ ЧАСТЬ.

Для достижения необходимого уровня развития чтения вслух необходимо: cформировать звуковой образ английского языка, систематически работая над развитием фонематического слуха для точной имитации звуков и слов, развивать артикуляционный аппарат, обучить правильной артикуляции звуков, отличающихся от звуков в русском языке, обучать правильному ударению в слове, тренировать ритмический и интонационный рисунок речи с соблюдением логического ударения, обучать подготовленному чтению вслух прозы и поэзии.

Устная часть 4 задания. 17 минут. 20 баллов. Чтение вслух небольшого текста.  Подготовка – 1,5 мин., чтение 1,5 мин. Допускается 5 фонетических ошибок и 1 – 2 искажающие смысл.

1,5 минуты на подготовку чтения текста – понять содержания (тренировать чтение текста с экрана). Разбить текст мысленно на смысловые синтагмы, выделить ключевые слова. Продумать интонацию, паузы, фразовое ударение. Постараться прочитать текст шёпотом.

Чтение вслух формирует навык чтения. Чтение про себя представляет собой внутреннее слушание и внутреннее проговаривание одновременно. На начальном этапе громкому чтению отводится 90% времени, на среднем – 50% и 10 % на старшем этапе. Учащиеся читают слова, словосочетания, предложения и мини-тексты. Работают над темпом, ударением, паузой, интонацией, повторяют за диктором или учителем. Полезна фонетическая разметка текста: паузы, ударения, повышение и понижение тона.

Для достижения необходимого уровня развития чтения вслух необходимо: cформировать звуковой образ английского языка, систематически работая над развитием фонематического слуха для точной имитации звуков и слов, развивать артикуляционный аппарат,  обучить правильной артикуляции звуков, отличающихся от звуков в русском языке, обучать правильному ударению в слове,  тренировать ритмический и интонационный рисунок речи с соблюдением логического ударения, обучать подготовленному чтению вслух прозы и поэзии.

  1. Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

Ecotourism is a recent development in the tourist industry. It was created in its current form in the 1980s but became first well known when the United Nations declared the year 2002 to be the International Year of Ecotourism. Ecotourism is an environmentally responsible travel to natural areas in order to enjoy and appreciate nature that promote conservation. These areas have a low visitor impact and provide active socio-economic involvement of local peoples. Many ecotours employ native guides who can help visitors appreciate the natural and cultural significance of their experience. Ecotourism can also provide an economic development for local communities and can increase the level of education among travelers, making them more enthusiastic agents of conservation.

  1. Task 2.

Study the advertisement.

Условный диалог-расспрос по рекламному объявлению. 4 прямых вопроса по ключевым словам. 4 балла. Уровень В1 Подготовка 1,5 мин. 20 секунд задать 1 вопрос. Грамматически, верно, построенный прямой вопрос, грамматические и лексические погрешности не затрудняют понимания. Каждый пункт появляется на экране отдельно. Прямой вопрос – без приветствия и прощания, без вводных слов и объяснений. Проверка умение задать вопрос. Алгоритм выполнения задания для тренировки: тренировать понимание ситуации и ключевых слов, создание реклам и списка уточнений. Тренировка вопросов в устной форме. Развивать диалогическую речь, соблюдать правила общего, специального и разделительного вопросов, употребления артиклей и предлогов, тренировать артикуляцию, словарное ударение и интонацию, аудиозапись вопросов: 1 вопрос – 20 секунд.

Enjoy the breathtaking beauty of the countryside during a Hot Air Balloon Ride!

You are considering going on a Hot Air Balloon Ride in Russia, in the suburbs of St. Petersburg, and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes, you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following:

1) age restriction

2) range of destinations

3) working hours

4) duration of the ride

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

  1. Task 3.

You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2-3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Дать интервью на актуальную тему, развернуто ответив на пять вопросов. Для записи каждого ответа есть 40 секунд. Каждый из ответов оценивается по 0-1 баллов. Если дан развернутый ответ (две и более фразы), нет существенных фонетических и лексико-грамматических погрешностей, то выставляется 1 балл. Максимальный балл за задание — 5. Проверка глобального умения интервью: послушать вступление и понять тему, внимательно слушать вопросы, чтобы дать полный и точный ответ, можно дать ответ одним распространённым предложением или несколькими простыми предложениями, использовать 40 секунд, подтверждая развернутый ответ пояснениями и примерами, тренировать артикуляцию, словарное ударение и интонацию, слушать интервью и тренировать в парах интервью по данному в демоверсии плану на разные темы с достаточно полными ответами.

      Tapescript for Task 3. 

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss how teens prefer to spend their summer holidays. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: What is the most popular holiday destination for teenagers where you live? Why? Student: ______________________

Interviewer: Who do teenagers prefer to travel with?

Student: _____________________

Interviewer: What was the most memorable holiday of yours?

Student: _____________________

Interviewer: Why do some teenagers go on volunteering tours?

Student: _____________________ Interviewer: How would you like to spend your coming holidays?

Student: _____________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.

  1. Task 4.

Задание 4 высокого уровня сложности В2+. 10 баллов. Коммуникативная ситуация: говорящий вместе с другом выполняет проектную работу и нашел две фотографии по теме проекта, которые можно использовать как иллюстрации. Его задача состоит в том, чтобы записать голосовое сообщение другу, описав (по 2 детали на каждой фотографии) и противопоставив (2 различия) две фотографии в рамках заданной проектной работы, указать преимущества и недостатки (1 — 2) представленных предметов, показать, как эти фото связаны с темой проектной работы и выразить своё мнение по проблеме проектной работы. Задание 4 устной части- подготовка 2,5 мин. Время на голосовое сообщение – 3 мин. 2 – 3 предложения по каждому из 5 пунктов плана (12-15 предложений). Вступление с обращением к другу и заключение, завершенность высказывания. Наличие средств логической связи речи. Проверка глобального умения беседы на общую тему, по решению общей проблемы посредством звукового сообщения.

Imagine that you are doing a project “Ways of travelling with a company” together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to:

• give a brief description of the photos, justifying the choice of the photos for the project;

• say in what way the pictures are different, justifying the choice of the photos for the project; • mention the advantages and disadvantages (1-2) of the two ways of travelling destinations;

        Express your opinion on the subject of the project-which way of travelling you prefer and why.

    You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (12-15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.

Заключение: эффективность подготовки к ГИА зависит от влияния образовательной среды, где усилены методическая, дидактическая и практическая части образовательной программы, проработаны технологии выполнения каждого задания КИМ ОГЭ-ЕГЭ, где осуществляется поэтапный статистический анализ результатов выполнения учащимися экзаменационной работы.

Список литературы.

  1. Болтнева О.Ю. “Подготовка к успешной сдаче устной и письменной части ОГЭ и ЕГ, по английскому языку 2022г.”
  2. Вербицкая М.В., Махмурян К.С., Бажанов А.Е., Кузьмина Е.В., Ратникова Е.И., Рахимбекова Л.Ш. “Методические рекомендации для учителей, подготовленные на основе анализа типичных ошибок участников ЕГЭ 2022 год”.
  3. Громова К.А., Вострикова О.В., Иняшкин С.Г. “Эффективная подготовка к ОГЭ 2023. Английския язык. Тренировочные варианты.”
  4. Громова К.А., Вострикова О.В., Машошина В.С. “Эффективная подготовка к ЕГЭ 2023. Английския язык. Тренировочные варианты.”
  5. http://www.fipi.ru.
  6. Конобеев А.В. “Специфика подготовки учащихся к выполнению заданий разделов “Чтение” и “Аудирование” в ЕГЭ по английскому языку.
  7. Махмурян К.С. “Технологии подготовки старшеклассников к устной части ЕГЭ по английскому языку”.
Опубликовано: 05.12.2022

Введите ответ в поле ввода

Задание 1160

Caernarvon was built in the 13th
century by King Edward I to __________________ the King’s power over Wales
and its people.

SYMBOL

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 2631, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 2631.

Caernarvon Castle

Caernarvon Castle is a must to visit for anybody who plans to see Wales and its sights. Caernarvon is a ___REAL___ amazing example of medieval architecture. Caernarvon was built in the 13th century by King Edward I to ___SYMBOL____ the King’s power over Wales and its people. He intended the castle to be a Royal residence and the seat of his ___GOVERN___ in North Wales. However, when his first son was born in Caernarvon, he decided the castle had even more ___IMPORTANT__ for the British royalty. This ____BEAUTY___ place is now where the title of the Prince of Wales is given to the first son of the British monarch. Prince Charles is the Prince of Wales nowadays. There are so many things to see there that it is ____POSSIBLE___ to do it in just one day, so plan your visit accordingly.
 

Решение:

symbolize; symbolise

Другие задачи на эту тему

1) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The birthplace of the First Prince of Wales

Caernarfon, an ancient British fortress in North Wales, has great historical associations. It was built ___ (SHOW) off English might over Wales.


2) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Edward I of England was the first king who set his sight on some thing that no English ruler ___ (MANAGE) (ever) to do. Invading Wales he wanted the castle to become the centre of this conquest.


3) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The castle, begun in 1283, is the largest of the great Edwardian Welsh defences. It took thousands of craftsmen to build it. Caernarfon ___ (DOMINATE) the city for more than 700 years reminding of those past times.


4) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The castle survived the ___ (BLOODY) rebellion in the history of Wales.


5) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

In order to stop it forever, as the legend says, Edward I promised the Welsh that he ___ (NAME) ‘a prince born in Wales, who spoke no word of English’. But then, to their surprise, he produced his infant son, who had been born at the castle.


6) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

It was here that Edward I ___ (PROCLAIM) his son Prince of Wales in 1301.


7) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

This title has passed by tradition to the eldest son of each monarch since that time. In 1969 Prince Charles ___ (CREATE) Prince of Wales here also.


8) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Railway terminals of St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg is a city of five active railway terminals that ___ (SYMBOL) link past and present.


9) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Baltic Terminal was constructed in the middle of the 19th century on the southern bank of the Obvodnoy Canal. It used to direct the trains to Tallinn but since 1933 the terminal has been used to handle ___ (SUBURB) communications only.


10) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Moscow Terminal is a crossroads of ways running through Central and South Russia, Crimea, Siberia and Eastern Ukraine. The first ___ (ERECT) appeared in 1844-51 and was named Nicholaevsky after the reigning monarch Nicholas I. It has a twin train station in Moscow known as Leningradsky Rail Terminal.


11) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Vitebsk Terminal was the first railway station to be built in the city and the whole of the Russian Empire in 1837. It was the greatest ___ (IMPROVE) of engineering that crucially changed the life in the city and in the country.


12) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Finland Terminal handles transport to northern destinations including Helsinki and Vyborg. Finland Station was designed by ___ (SWEDEN) architects, built by Finnish State Railways and opened in 1870.


13) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Ladozhsky Terminal is one of the newest, the largest and most modern passenger railway station in Russia. It opened in 2003 for the 300th anniversary of the city’s ___ (FOUND). It serves routes to the north and east previously served by Moscow Terminal and by Finland Station. Of the stations in Saint Petersburg, this station is the only ‘not terminus’ station, that trains can pass.


14) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

To travel or not to travel

I have always been thinking if the cost of travelling compensates the experience. Travelling is such a pleasure. Imagine going around the world experiencing all the different things that aren’t the same in your home country. Travelling gives you a great thing to put on applications because it shows that you are ___ to travel and understand travelling for work.

1) versatile
2) flexible
3) responsive
4) nimble


15) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

With travelling you could literally go anywhere in the world. You could never ___ out of different places to visit because there are so many! Entering a new country usually changes your views about everything.

1) run
2) get
3) move
4) be


16) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Another thing with travelling is the cultural exchange you get. The best way to do it is communicating with local people. So, I usually tend to ___ away from all the touristy areas to feel more like the locals.

1) stand
2) stay
3) step
4) stick


17) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

___, travelling does have a disadvantage… the cost. Travelling not by yourself but with your family along is more expensive. But one way to save is going on cruises. They are the best for big families and if you want to see many places in a short period of time.

1) consequently
2) moreover
3) however
4) therefore


18) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Another tip to ___ the cost of travelling is to follow other travellers’ advice.

1) lessen
2) cut down
3) reduce
4) decline


19) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Some of them launch blogs, travel vlogs on YouTube Channel and post pictures on Telegram to keep a record of their journeys and let people back home know what they’re ___ to as well as share their travel tips, costs and stories.

1) up
2) about
3) round
4) down


20) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

This information can help other travellers budget for their trip and ___ an eye on their spendings. All in all I think travelling is worth taking!

1) have
2) keep
3) put
4) hold

Wales is a country of lakes and mountains. Its about the half the size of Switzerland, and it has a population of two and three quarter million. On the north of Wales is located one of the most beautiful sceneries on the British islands, the Snowdon mountain. Snowdon is Britain’s second highest mountain. Wales is not an independent nation. In 1292, the English king, Edward, invaded Wales and built fourteen huge castles to control the Welsh people. His son, Edward, became the first prince of Wales, since then all the kings and queens of England have given their eldest sons the title, Prince of Wales. Prince Charles became the twenty-first Prince of Wales. Although the English have ruled Wales for many centuries, Wales still has its own flag, culture, and, above all, its own language. In the towns and villages of North Wales, many people speak English only as a second language. Their first language is Welsh. In Llanberis, a small town at the foot of Snowdon, eighty-six per cent people speak Welsh as their first language. At the local primary school children have nearly all their lessons in Welsh. The children should be bilingual by the time that they are eleven years old. It is not a problem for children to learn two languages at the same time. Children have insight into two cultures, so have all the folk tales of two languages. Children like Welsh because in Welsh you spell things just how you say them, in English there are more silent letters. Welsh is one of the oldest languages in Europe. Its a Celtic language, like Breton in France, Gaelic in Ireland, or Gaelic in Scotland. Two and a half thousand years before these languages were spoken in many parts of Europe. They died out when the Romans invaded these areas, but some of them survived in the northwest corner of Europe. But over the last hundred years the number of Welsh-speakers has fallen very quickly. Now only twenty per cent of Welsh people speak Welsh. Here are some of the reasons for the decline. In the nineteenth century people thought that Welsh an uncivilized language. If you wanted to be successful in life you had to learn English, the language of the British Empire. So in many schools children were forbidden to speak Welsh. At the beginning of the twentieth century many English and Irish people moved to South Wales to work in the coal mines and steel works. They did not learn Welsh. People, especially young people, moved away from the Welsh-speaking villages and farms of north and west Wales to look for work in the big towns and cities, so the Welsh-speaking communities became much smaller. In the 1960s and 1970s many English people bought holiday cottages in villages in Wales. Most of them did not learn Welsh. This also pushed up the price of houses so that local Welsh-speaking people cold not afford them. English comes into every Welsh home trough the television, the radio, newspapers, books, etc. There are Welsh-language TV and radio stations, but far fever than English ones. And now there is cable and satellite TV, too-in English, of course! The decline has now stopped, because a lot has been done. Road signs, bilingual documentation, and there is a Welsh language act. The future of Welsh is uncertain. The problem is that Welsh has to survive next door to English, and, as we all know, English is a very successful language.

King Edward I

The title of Prince of Wales was instituted in 1307 by King Edward I, when he invested his eldest son, Edward, as the first English Prince of Wales, at Lincoln. The traditional ostrich feather badge and the motto ‘Ich dien’ ( I serve) were adopted by Edward, the Black Prince after the battle of Crecy, they were previously believed to have belonged to the blind King John of Bohemia, who died in the battle.

(1) EDWARD OF CAERNARFON

The first English Prince of Wales was born at Caernarfon on 25 April, 1284, the fourth and eldest surviving son of Edward I and Eleanor of Castille. On the completion of his father’s conquest of the province, he was created Prince of Wales on 7 February 1301, at the age of 16, at a parliament at Lincoln. Edward was married to Isabella ‘the She-Wolf of France’ daughter of Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre and had issue, which included the future Edward III.

He reigned as Edward II from 1307-1327. He was deposed by a rebellion lead by his wife and Roger Mortimer, Earl of March and forced to abdicate in favour of his son. Edward II was murdered in a bestial manner at Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire. He was buried at Gloucester Cathedral.

(2) EDWARD OF WOODSTOCK, THE BLACK PRINCE

Edward of Woddstock

Edward of Woodstock, later known as the Black Prince for the colour of his armour, was born on 15 June, 1330, the eldest son of Edward III and Phillipa of Hainault. He was created Prince of Wales on 12 May, 1343, aged 12, at Westminster and was also Earl of Chester and Duke of Cornwall, making him the first English Duke. At fourteen he was amongst the first of the knights of the Order of the Garter, which was founded by his father.

He participated in the Hundred Years War with France and famously won his spurs at the Battle of Crecy, adopting as his personal emblem the Ostrich feather badge of the blind King John of Bohemia, who was killed in the battle. He also fought at the battle of Poitiers. Edward married his cousin, Joan, Countess of Kent, known as ‘the Fair Maid of Kent’, daughter of Edmund Plantagenet, Earl of Kent, the marriage was said to be a love match and produced two sons, Edward of Angouleme, who died young and the future King Richard II. The Black Prince was never to reign as King, he predeceased his father, dying on 8 June 1376. He was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, near the shrine of St. Thomas A’ Beckett.

(3) RICHARD OF BORDEAUX

The second and eldest surviving son of Edward, the Black Prince and Joan, Countess of Kent, Richard was born on 6 January 1367 at Bordeaux. After the death of his famous father, he was created Prince of Wales on 20 November 1376, aged nine, at Havering.

He succeeded his grandfather, Edward III, as King Richard II in 1377. Richard married twice, firstly to Anne of Bohemia in 1383 and secondly to Isabelle of Valois in 1396, neither marriage produced issue. A volatile and brooding character, Richard proved an unpopular King and was forced to abdicate in favour of his cousin, Henry of Bolingbroke. He was either murdered or starved to death at Pontefract Castle in 1400, he was known to be certainly dead by 17 February of that year.

(4) HENRY OF MONMOUTH

The future Henry V was born in August or September, 1386-7 at Monmouth, the eldest son of Henry, Earl of Derby (the future Henry IV) and Mary de Bohun. On his father’s accession to the throne he was created Duke of Lancaster and Prince of Wales on 15 October 1399, aged 12, at Westminster.

He succeeded his father in 1413. Due to his conquest of France, he was to become one of the most famous of the Plantagenet Kings and an English national hero. Henry married Catherine of Valois, the daughter of Charles VI, King of France and Isabeau of Bavaria the marriage produced one child, the future Henry VI. Henry V died of dysentery at Bois de Vincennes whilst on campaign in France on 31 August 1422. His body was returned to England where it was buried at Westminster Abbey.

(5) EDWARD OF WESTMINSTER

The fifth Prince of Wales, Edward, the only offspring of the marriage of Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou, was born on 13 October,1453, at Westminster. He was created Prince of Wales on 15 March, 1454, aged 5 months at Windsor.

After his father was deposed by the Yorkists, Edward shared his mother’s French exile. In December 1470 he was married to Anne Neville, daughter of Richard Neville, later known to history as Warwick ‘the Kingmaker’, the marriage produced no issue. Whilst parcipitating in a campaign to restore his father to the throne, Edward was killed either during or after the Battle of Tewksbury at the age of seventeen on 4 May, 1471,there are several versions concerning how Edward, met his end, one states he was cut down as he fled north in the aftermath of the battle another states that following the rout of the Lancastrians at Tewkesbury, a small contingent of men under the Duke of Clarence found Edward near a grove, where he was immediately beheaded on a makeshift block, despite pleas for mercy to his brother-in-law Clarence.

An alternative version was given by three other sources: The Great Chronicle of London, Polydore Vergil and Edward Hall, which was the version used by Shakespeare. This records, that Edward, having survived the battle and was taken captive and brought before Edward IV who was with George, Duke of Clarence; Richard, Duke of Gloucester; and William, Lord Hastings. The king received the prince graciously and asked why he had taken up arms against him. The prince replied defiantly, «I came to recover my father’s heritage.» The king then struck the prince across his face with his gauntlet hand and those present with the king then suddenly stabbed Prince Edward with their swords. He was buried at Tewksbury Abbey in Gloucestershire.

(6) EDWARD OF SANCTUARY

The eldest son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville, Edward was born in sanctuary at Westminster Abbey, on 4 November, 1470 during the brief restoration of Henry VI. He was created Prince of Wales on 26 June, 1471, aged 7 months, at Westminster.

He succeeded his father as Edward V on 9 April, 1483. His throne was usurped by his uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester. Edward and his younger brother, Richard, Duke of York, known as ‘the Princes in the Tower’ were imprisoned in the Tower of London and believed to have been murdered there. Bones which were discovered at the Tower in 1674 and assumed to be those of Edward V and his brother were re-interred at Westminster Abbey by order of Charles II.

(7) EDWARD OF MIDDLEHAM

Edward of Middleham was the only son of Richard III and his wife Anne Neville, previously the wife of the Lancastrian Prince of Wales (5). He was born around 1473 at Middleham Castle in Yorkshire and created Earl of Salisbury in 1478 and Prince of Wales amongst great celebration on 24 August, 1483 aged 10, at York Minster.

Known to be a delicate child, Edward died on 9 April, 1484, at about ten years old, possibly of tuberculosis and was buried at Sherrif Hutton Church in Yorkshire.

(8) ARTHUR TUDOR

Arthur Tudor the first Tudor Prince of Wales was born on 20 September, 1486 at Winchester, the son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV. He was created Prince of Wales at the age of 3 on 29 November, 1489 and invested with the title on 27 February, 1490 at Westminster.

As part of a political alliance, Arthur was married to the Spanish Princess, Katherine of Aragon, daughter of the joint sovereigns Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castille, in November 1501 at St. Paul’s Cathedral. He died at the age of sixteen, during an epidemic of sweating sickness at Ludlow Castle, in the Welsh Marches on 20 April 1502. He was buried at Worcester Cathedral.

(9) HENRY TUDOR

HENRY TUDOR

The future Henry VIII was born on 28 June 1491 at Greenwich, the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. He was created Duke of York in 1494 and after the death of his elder brother Arthur, Prince of Wales, was created Prince of Wales on 18 February 1504, aged 12.

He succeeded to the throne as Henry VIII 1509 and famously married 6 times. (1) Katherine of Aragon (2) Anne Boleyn (3) Jane Seymour (4) Anne of Cleves (5) Katherine Howard (6) Katherine Parr. Henry had issue from his first three marriages and all three of his children were to reign after him. He died on 28 January 1547 at the Palace of Whitehall. He was buried at St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle and shares his tomb with his third wife, Jane Seymour.

(10) HENRY FREDERICK STUART

The first Stuart Prince of Wales was born on 19 February,1594, at Stirling Castle, Scotland, he was the eldest son of James VI of Scotland (later I of England) and Anne of Denmark and was named Henry Frederick after both his grandfathers. He became Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick and Lord of the Isles from birth. On the accession of his father to the throne of England he was further made Duke of Cornwall in 1603.

He was created Prince of Wales on 4 June 1610, aged 16, at Westminster. Although a promising young man, Henry was never to reign as King, he predeceased his father, dying of typhoid on 6 November 1612 at the age of eighteen. He was buried at Westminster Abbey

(11) CHARLES STUART

Charles, the second Stuart Prince of Wales, was born on 19 November 1600 at Dunfermline Palace, Fife, the second son of James I and VI and Anne of Denmark. Charles was a delicate and sickly child who experienced difficulties walking and talking. He was made Duke of Albany in 1603 and Duke of York in 1605.

On the death of his elder brother Henry, he was created Prince of Wales in his place on 4 November 1616, at 15 years old, at Whitehall. He succeeded his father as Charles I in 1625. On 13 June 1625, he married Henrietta Maria of France, the youngest daughter of King Henry IV of France (Henry III of Navarre) and his second wife, Marie de’ Medici.

Civil War broke out with parliament and Charles was tried and executed on the order of Oliver Cromwell, on 30 January, 1649, at Whitehall and buried in the tomb of a past Prince of Wales, Henry VIII, at St. George’s Chapel, Windsor.

(12) CHARLES STUART

The future Charles II was born on 29 May 1630 at St. James’ Palace, the eldest surviving son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France. He was Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay from birth and was created Prince of Wales around 1638-41 in London, aged 8-11. Due to the upheavals of the Civil War, he was never formally invested with the title. On the death of his father in 1649 Charles was already in exile.

Charles was restored to the throne in 1660 and married in 1662 the Portuguese Princess Catherine of Braganza, daughter of John II, Duke of Braganza and his wife, Luisa de Guzmán. King Charles II left no legitimate issue. He died of uremia on 6 February 1685 and was buried at Westminster Abbey.

(13) JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART

James Francis Edward Stuart was born on 10 January, 1688 at St. James’ Palace, London, the only surviving son of James II and his Italian second wife, Mary Beatrice of Modena. He was created Prince of Wales on 4 July,1688, at St. James’ Palace and went into French exile with his parents on his father’s vacating the throne after a rebellion lead by William of Orange.

On the death of his father he was declared ‘James III’ and recognised as such by Louis XIV of France. He married a Polish Princess, Maria Clementina Sobieski (1667-1737) daughter of James Louis Sobieski, the eldest son of King John III, and Countess Palatine Hedwig Elisabeth of Neuburg on 3 Sept 1719, by whom he had issue, Charles Edward Stuart, otherwise known as ‘Bonnie Prince Charlie’ and Henry Benedict Stuart, Cardinal York. Three failed Jacobite uprisings were led in his name, in 1715, 1719 and 1745, James died in Rome on 1 January 1766 and was buried within St.Peter’s Basilica, the Vatican.

(14) GEORGE AUGUSTUS OF HANOVER

The first of the Hanoverian Princes of Wales was born at Schloss Herrenhausen, Hanover on 10 November, 1683, the only son of George Ludwig, Prince of Brunswick-Luneberg (later George I) and his first cousin, Sophia Dorothea of Celle. George’s parents divorced in 1694. He was created Duke of Cambridge in 1706 and Prince of Wales on 27 September 1714, aged 30, after the accession of his father to the English throne.

He was married in 1705 to the German Princess Caroline of Anspach, daughter of John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach by whom he had issue, including Frederick, Prince of Wales(15). George succeeded his father as George II in 1727 and died of an aortic dissection on 25 October, 1760. He was buried at Westminster Abbey.

(15) FREDERICK LEWIS OF HANOVER

FREDERICK LEWIS OF HANOVER

Frederick Lewis was born in Hanover on 1 February, 1707, the eldest son of George, Prince of Brunswick-Luneberg (later George II) and Caroline of Brandenburg-Anspach. He was created Duke of Edinburgh by his grandfather, George I, in 1726 and Prince of Wales on 8 January 1729 at London, at the age of 21.

Frederick married the Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, the daughter of Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1676-1732) and Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst (1676-1740), by whom he had issue, including the future George III. Frederick never succeeded to the throne, having predeceased his father. He died at Leicester House in London of a burst abscess in the lung, on 31 March 1751 and was buried at Westminster Abbey.

(16) GEORGE WILLIAM FREDERICK OF HANOVER

The future George III was born prematurely on 4 June 1738 at Norfolk House, London, the eldest son of Frederick, Prince of Wales (15) and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha. He was created Prince of Wales after the death of his father by his grandfather, George II, on 20 April 1751, aged 12 years.

George succeeded his grandfather in 1760 and was married in 1761 to Charlotte of Mecklenberg-Strelitz, daughter of Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Prince of Mirow and his wife Princess Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen, by whom he had issue, including Kings George IV and William IV. Afte one of the longest reigns in British history, George died of porphyria at Windsor Castle on 29 January, 1820 and was buried at Windsor.

(17) GEORGE FREDERICK AUGUSTUS OF HANOVER

The last Hanoverian Prince of Wales was born at St. James’ Palace, London on 12 August 1762, the eldest son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. He was Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay from birth. He was created Prince of Wales on19 August 1762 aged 1 week.

He became Regent in 1811 and King George IV in 1820. George was married twice, firstly and in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act, to Maria Fitzherbert and secondly to his first cousin, Caroline of Brunswick, the daughter of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Augusta of Great Britain, by whom he had one child, Princess Charlotte of Wales. Princess Charlotte died in childbirth before her father. George died of a ruptured blood vessel in the stomach on 26 June 1830 and was buried at Windsor.

(18) ALBERT EDWARD OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA

ALBERT EDWARD OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA

Prince Albert Edward was born on 9 November 1841 at Buckingham Palace, the eldest son of Queen Victoria and her husband Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. He was created Prince of Wales on 8 December 1841 at 4 weeks old.

Albert Edward married Alexandra of Denmark daughter of Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Louise of Hesse-Kassel on 10 March 1863, the marriage produced six children, including the future King George V. His eldest son, Albert Victor Christian Edward died of pneumonia before his father.

He succeeded his mother in 1901 as Edward VII and became a popular King. Edward died at Buckingham Palace of bronchitis and a series of heart attacks on 6 May 1910. He was buried at Windsor Castle.

(19) GEORGE FREDERICK ERNEST ALBERT WINDSOR

The first Prince of Wales of the Windsor dynasty was born Prince George of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha on 3 June 1865 at Marlborough House, London, the second son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark. He was created Duke of York by his grandmother, Queen Victoria in 1892 and Prince of Wales by his father on 9 November 1901 at the age of 36.

George married his second cousin once removed, Victoria Mary of Teck, the daughter of Francis, Duke of Teck and Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, by whom he had issue, including Edward VIII and George VI. He succeeded to the throne in 1910 as George V. He died at Sandringham, Norfolk of a bronchial illness on 20 January 1936 and was buried at Windsor.

(20) EDWARD ALBERT CHRISTIAN GEORGE ANDREW PATRICK DAVID WINDSOR

 Edward VIII.

David, Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, as he was then called, was born at White Lodge, Richmond, Surrey on 23 June 1894, the eldest son of George, then Duke of York (later George V) and Mary of Teck. He was created Prince of Wales on 23 June 1910, aged 16 and invested with the title at Caernarfon Castle on 13 July 1911. He was a popular Prince of Wales and made several successful tours of the Empire.

He succeeded to the throne as Edward VIII on 20 January, 1936 and abdicated on 10th/11th December 1936 to marry the American divorcee, Wallis Warfield-Simpson. After his abdication, he became the Duke of Windsor and thereafter spent his life in exile. There was no issue from his marriage to Mrs Simpson, which took place in 1937, in France. He died of throat cancer in Paris on 28 May 1972 and was buried at Frogmore, Windsor.

(21) CHARLES PHILLIP ARTHUR GEORGE MOUNTBATTEN -WINDSOR

Prince Charles was born at Buckingham Palace on 14 November, 1948 the eldest son of the then Princess Elizabeth and Phillip Mountbatten. He was created Prince of Wales on 26 July 1958 aged 9 and invested with the title at Caernarfon Castle on 1st July 1969.

He has been married twice. firstly to Lady Diana Spencer in 1981, by whom he had issue and secondly to divorcee Mrs. Camilla Parker-Bowles, who is known as the Duchess of Cornwall, in 2005.

Prince of Wales ( _cy. Tywysog Cymru) is a title traditionally granted to the Heir Apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom (and formerly the Kingdom of Great Britain and before that the Kingdom of England). The current Prince of Wales is Prince Charles, the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II.

Roles and responsibilities

The Prince of Wales currently has no formal role or responsibility that has been legislated by Parliament or otherwise delegated by the Monarchy. Prince Charles, as the 21st holder of the title has created the following three roles for himself: [ [http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/about/rol_index.html The Website of the Prince of Wales(Roles)] ]

# Undertaking royal duties in support of The Queen
# Working as a charitable entrepreneur
# Promoting and protecting nationalisation, virtues and excellence.

History

For most of the post-Roman period, Wales was divided into several smaller states. Prior to the Norman conquest of England, the most powerful Welsh ruler at any given time was generally known as King of the Britons. In the 12th century and the 13th century, this title evolved into that of Prince of Wales.Fact|date=October 2008 In Latin, the new title was «Princeps Wallie», while in Welsh it was «Tywysog Cymru». The literal translation of «Tywysog» is «Leader» (The verb «tywys» means «to lead», which shares a common root with the modern Irish for prime minister, the Taoiseach).

Only a handful of native princes had their claim to be Prince of Wales recognized by the English Crown. In 1218, Llywelyn the Great had the title bestowed upon him and his successors by his half-brother-in-law, the 11-year old Henry III. In 1240, the title was inherited by his son Dafydd ap Llywelyn and, in 1246, by his nephew Llywelyn the Last (or Llywelyn ap Gruffydd). In 1282, Llywelyn was ‘deposed’ by Edward I of England and the Prince of Wales title became dormant. Although Llywelyn ap Gruffydd was the last native Prince of Wales recognized by the English Crown, it is Owain Glyndŵr whom many Welsh people regard as being the last native Prince. On September 16, 1400, he was proclaimed Prince of Wales by his supporters and it was not until 1409 that his revolt in quest of Welsh independence was suppressed by Henry IV. The tradition of investing the heir of the monarch of Britain with the title of «Prince of Wales» began in 1301, when King Edward I of England, having completed the conquest of Wales, gave the title to his heir, Prince Edward (later King Edward II of England).

According to a famous legend, the king had promised the rebellious Welsh natives that he would name «a prince born in Wales, who did not speak a word of English» and then produced his infant son to their surprise (and presumable chagrin). However, the story may well be apocryphal, as it can only be traced to the 16th century, and, in the time of Edward I, the English aristocracy spoke Norman French, not English (some versions of the legend include lack of knowledge in «both» languages as a requirement). However, Edward II certainly «was» born at Caernarfon while his father was campaigning in Wales, and like all infants, could not at the time speak English.

Since 1301, the Prince of Wales has usually been the eldest living son of the King or Queen Regnant of England (subsequently of Great Britain, 1707, and of the United Kingdom, 1801). The word «living» is important. Following the death of Prince Arthur, the Prince of Wales, Henry VII invested his second son, the future Henry VIII, with the title—although only after it was clear that Arthur’s wife, Catherine of Aragon, was not pregnant. The title is not automatic; it merges into the Crown when a prince accedes to the throne, or lapses on his death leaving the sovereign free to re-grant it should another candidate qualify, such as an heir-apparent other than the eldest living son, such as that deceased eldest son’s eldest son (for example, George III).

The Principality of Wales, nowadays, is always conferred along with the Earldom of Chester. The convention began in 1399; all previous Princes of Wales also received the earldom, but separately from the Principality. Indeed, before 1272 a hereditary and not necessarily royal Earldom of Chester had already been created several times, eventually merging in the crown each time. The earldom was recreated, merging in the Crown in 1307 and again in 1327. Its creations since have been associated with the creations of the Principality of Wales.

Heraldic insignia

As heir apparent to the reigning sovereign, the Prince of Wales bears the Royal Arms differenced by a white label of three points. To represent Wales he bears the Coat of Arms of the Principality of Wales, crowned with the heir-apparent’s crown, on an inescutcheon-en-surtout. This was first used by the future King Edward VIII in 1910, and followed by the current Prince of Wales, Prince Charles. [ [http://www.britishflags.net/princeofwales.html britishflags.net- Prince of Wales] ]

He has a badge of three ostrich feathers (which can be seen on the reverse of all decimal British two pence coins dated up to 2008); it dates back to the Black Prince and is his as the English heir even before he is made Prince of Wales.

In addition to these symbols used most frequently, he has a special standard for use in Wales itself. Moreover, as Duke of Rothesay he has a special coat of arms for use in Scotland (and a corresponding standard); as Duke of Cornwall the like for use in the Duchy of Cornwall. Representations of all three may be found at List of British flags.

For theories about the origin of the ostrich feather badge and of the motto «Ich dien», see Prince of Wales’s feathers.

Other titles and investiture

The Principality of Wales and Earldom of Chester must be created, and are not automatically acquired like the Dukedom of Cornwall, which is the Heir Apparent’s title in England, and the Dukedom of Rothesay, Earldom of Carrick, and High Stewardship of Scotland, which are the Heir Apparent’s titles in Scotland. The dignities are not hereditary, but may be re-created if the Prince of Wales predeceases the King. For example, when Prince Frederick, Prince of Wales predeceased King George II, his eldest son, Prince George (the future George III) was created Prince of Wales. The heir apparent is only Duke of Cornwall if he is the sovereign’s eldest living son; hence the future George III, grandson of George II, did not receive this title. See Duke of Cornwall for more details.

If holder of the Dukedom of York, the traditional title for the monarch’s second son, becomes Heir Apparent on the death of an older brother, he is entitled to retain that title. Prince Henry (later Henry VIII), Prince Charles (later Charles I) and Prince George (later George V) were all second sons, and were therefore already Duke of York when they received the Principality of Wales.

Following the reversion to the Earldom of Chester to the crown, in 1254 Henry III passed the Lordship of Chester (but not the title of Earl) to his son Edward, who as Edward I bestowed the Earldom of Chester on his son Edward when he created him the first Prince of Wales in 1301. The Dukedom of Cornwall was first created by Edward III for his son Edward, the Black Prince in 1337.

The Earldom of Carrick merged into the crown of Scotland with the accession in 1306 of the Earl of Carrick, Robert the Bruce, who transferred the title to his son David in 1328 (the title became automatically subsidiary to the Dukedom of Rothesay in 1469); the High Stewardship merged into the crown with the accession of Robert, 7th High Steward of Scotland as Robert III in 1371; the Dukedom of Rothesay was created by Robert III of Scotland for his son David in 1398. All three of these titles merged with the Principality in the same person after the personal union of the Scottish and English crowns in 1603 with the accession of James VI of Scotland as James I of England, with the first Prince of Wales to receive them being his son Henry Frederick (subsequently an incorporating union created a single British crown in 1707).

Princes of Wales may be invested, but investiture is not necessary to be created Prince of Wales. Peers were also invested, but investitures for peers ceased in 1621, during a time when peerages were being created so frequently that the investiture ceremony became cumbersome. Most investitures for Princes of Wales were held in front of Parliament, but in 1911, the future Edward VIII was invested in Caernarvon Castle in Wales. The present Prince of Wales was also invested there, in 1969. During the reading of the letters patent creating the Prince, the Honours of the Principality of Wales are delivered to the Prince. The coronet of the heir-apparent bears four-crosses pattée alternating with four fleurs-de-lis, surmounted by a single arch (the Sovereign’s crowns are of the same design, but use two arches). A gold rod is also used in the insignia; gold rods were formally used in the investitures of dukes, but survive now in the investitures of Princes of Wales only. Also part of the insignia are a ring, a sword and a robe.

«Heir Apparent» vs. «Heir Presumptive»

The title Prince of Wales is given only to the heir apparent—that is, a male who cannot be displaced in the succession to the throne by any future birth. This would be the eldest son of the monarch, or, if he is deceased, «his» eldest son, and so on, or if the monarch’s son has died without issue, the monarch’s second eldest son, etc.

In countries that practice male primogeniture, a daughter or sibling of the sovereign who is currently next in line to the throne is not the «heir apparent» because they would be displaced in the succession by any future legitimate son of the sovereign: they are instead the «heir presumptive» and cannot therefore take the title of Prince (or Princess) of Wales in their own right. Hence there was no heir apparent during the reign of George VI, who had no sons: Princess Elizabeth was an heir presumptive, and was hence not eligible to be titled Princess of Wales (the option of bestowing that title on her was considered and rejected).

List of Princes of Wales

Prince of Wales as independent title

Modern princes of Wales

References

ee also

*List of rulers of Wales
*Kings of the Britons
*Princess of Wales
*Duke of Cornwall
*Duke of Rothesay
*List of heirs to the English and British thrones
*Princes of Wales’ Consent
*Prince of Wales tea blend
*Ships of the Royal Navy named HMS «Prince of Wales».
*»Prince of Wales», convict transport ship on First Fleet to Australia.
*Prince of Wales Bridge, Ontario, Canada
*Prince of Wales Secondary

External links

* [http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/ The Prince of Wales] (official website) which includes a [http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/personalprofiles/theprinceofwales/abouttheprince/previousprincesofwales/ list of and history of previous Princes of Wales] since Llewelyn ap Gruffydd (aka Llewelyn the Last).
* [http://www.monarchywales.org.uk Monarchy Wales — leading campaign organisation]
* [http://www.pch.gc.ca/special/royalvisit/english.htm The Prince’s Official Canadian Visit (2001)]
* [http://www.monarchist.ca/cmn/summer017.htm «Saskatchewan Honours Future King» (2001)]
* [http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a1_137b.html The Straight Dope: How can I become Prince of Wales?]
* [http://www.tree.familyhistory.uk.com/fproyal.php The Royal Family Tree of Europe]
* [http://www.david-griffiths.co.uk/index.php?f=data_gallery&a=0 Portrait of The Prince of Wales by David Griffiths]
* [http://www.paintingandpatronage.org.uk Painting & Patronage]

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1752

romanova    

Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами А22-А28 соответствующими формами слов. 

Prince of Wales

If you happen to be in Wales, be sure to visit Caernarvon, an ancient town, at least 2,000 years old. The Romans built a great fort there. But what overshadows everything else in Caernarvon is the castle. When Edward I, King of England, was trying to conquer Wales, he built a great line of castles, but Caernarvon was the most magnificent of all. After Edward I conquered Wales, the two Welsh leaders were killed, but the Welsh people, though they were A22 beaten, were rebellious. There were a number of chieftains who were A23 jealousof one another and did not want to A24 obeythe English king. Three or four of them came to see Edward, who with his wife Eleanor, was staying at Caernarvon Castle, to tell their complaints. They wanted, they said, to be ruled not by an English King, but by a Prince of Wales, born in Wales, of royal blood, and not speaking English or French. They wanted a prince whose life was good, and who hadn’t hurt any man. After a little thought Edward told them to ask all the chiefs and their followers to come to Caernarvon Castle in a week’s time and he would give them a Prince of Wales who fulfilled their conditions. The next week the great square outside the castle was A25 crowded with excited people, all wondering which of the chieftains Edward had chosen. The King appeared with his knight who was carrying Edward’s shield flat in his hands. There was a bundle covered with a blanket on the shield. Edward asked the Welsh if they would obey the prince who would A26 meet all their demands. The people promised to keep their A27 word. Then Edward turned to the knight, lifted the blanket and showed a small baby. He said: «Here is your prince. My son, a prince of royal blood, born a week ago in Wales, in Caernarvon Castle; he speaks no word of English, and he has not hurt no man alive. Edward, Prince of Wales!» The Welsh people were pleased A28 except chieftains and from that day to this, the eldest son of the King or the Queen of England has always been the Prince of Wales.

A22

1) beaten

Be beatenбыть побежденным

2) bit

Be bit (bitten)быть укушенным

3) won

Be wonбыть выигранным

4) struck

Be struck быть ударенным

A23

1) generous

2) furious

3) jealous

Be jealous of smthзавидовать; из 4-х слов только jealous употребляется с of smth

4) conscious

A24

1) comply

Comply WITH smbподчиняться, соответствовать (правилам, стандартам); только с with

2) obey

Obey smb подчиняться, повиноваться

3) submit

Submit TO smbподчиняться, покоряться кому-либо; только с to

4) conquer

Conquer smbзавоевать кого-либо (оружием)

A25

1) full

2) abundant

3) fill

4) crowded

Be crowded withбыть переполненным; из 4-х слов только crowded подходит грамматически: слово стоит в правильном времени и употребляется с with

A26

1) answer

2) meet

Meet one’s demandудовлетворять чей-либо спрос; устоявшееся выражение

3) require

4) please

A27

1) heart

2) anger

3) word

Keep one’s word сдержать свое слово; устоявшееся выражение

4) account

A28

1) though

хотя

2) besides

Кроме того

3) as

как

4) except

За исключением


Wales

Reading

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями
предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Ответы запишите в таблицу. Одна из
частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

Wales

Wales shares a great deal of its history
with the rest of Great Britain, but it has its own distinctive identity that is
closer to the Celtic regions of the British Isles, such as Ireland, Scotland
and Cornwall, and also to Brittany in northern France. These regions make up
the Celtic nations, A _______ .

Wales, like Scotland and England, is
considered to be a country within the country of the United Kingdom. This is
because the region is distinctly different from other regions in aspects like
history and culture,
В ________.

Although Wales is represented in the
United Kingdom’s House of Commons, the lower house of the UK’s parliament, it
is also partly self-governed. Some Welsh people wish for independence,
С _______ . Polls
show that around 80-90% of Welsh people do not favour separation from the UK.

Nearly everyone in Wales speaks English,
but Wales is officially a bilingual country, the other official language being
Welsh. Wales is known as Cymru in the Welsh language, pronounced ‘kum-ree’, and
the Welsh people are known as Cymry, D _______.

Indeed, the influence of the rest of the
UK on Wales has been strong and the use of English so widespread that the Welsh
language was feared to be dying out. A law passed in 1993 officially placed the
Welsh language on a par with English in the country. Court proceedings can be
carried out in Welsh or English, E_______.

Furthermore, there are different dialects
and forms of pronunciation of Welsh within the country. Differences are noted
between the northern and southern regions, and a combination of English and
Welsh, commonly known as ‘Wenglish’, has emerged F _______.

1. which is pronounced in the same way as
the country’s name
2. which mixes words, grammar and pronunciation from the two languages
3. of which Wales is an integral and influential part
4. and road signs and public documents are printed in both languages
5. although it doesn’t have embassies and is subject to most UK laws
6. of which a large number of Welsh people approve
7. although support for it is not particularly strong

A

B

C

D

E

F

Grammar

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 1–7, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
1–7. Слова

запишите в таблицу

The
birthplace of the First Prince of Wales

Caernarfon, an
ancient British fortress in North Wales, has great

historical
associations. It was built ______ off English might over         SHOW

Wales.

Edward I of
England was the fi rst king who set his sight on some

thing that no
English ruler __________ (ever) to do. Invading               MANAGE

Wales he wanted
the castle to become the centre of this conquest.

The castle, begun
in 1283, is the largest of the great Edwardian

Welsh defences. It
took thousands of craftsmen to build it.

Caernarfon
____________ the city for more than 700 years remind-     DOMINATE

ing of those past
times.

The castle
survived the _____________ rebellion in the history of        BLOODY

Wales.

In order to stop
it forever, as the legend says, Edward I promised

the Welsh that he
______________ ‘a prince born in Wales, who          NAME

spoke no word of
English’. But then, to their surprise, he produced

his infant son,
who had been born at the castle.

It was here that
Edward I __________ his son Prince of Wales in          PROCLAIM

1301.

This title has
passed by tradition to the eldest son of each monarch

since that time.
In 1969 Prince Charles _______________ Prince          CREATE

of Wales here
also.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Grammar and Vocabulary
Task 2. Complete the sentences using the appropriate forms from the words given in capitals. (1 point for each correct answer – 7 points max)
Gold
Gold, gold, gold… The Prince of Wales 1________________ a British royal tradition when, on 29 July, 1981, he gave his bride, Lady Diana Spencer, a wedding ring made of a piece of Welsh gold. For ages, gold 2______________ a special attraction, as its history tells us.
Gold 3________________ in large quantities in Australia, Africa, Siberia, and in North America, but the most exciting discovery 4________________ in the Klondike at the end of the 19th century. Thousands gold-diggers rushed there. They 5 ________________ of vast fortunes literally picked up from the earth. However, not everyone was lucky. About 100,000 men 6 ________________ through the region by 1900, and only a few of them actually found gold – a mere four per cent of those who survived the cold and the hunger. Even the lucky ones 7 ________________ any illusions they might have had, though they became rich.
FOLLOW
HAVE
FIND
MAKE
DREAM
PASS
LOSe

Ответ(ы) на вопрос:

Гость:

1 FOLLOWED, 2 HAS HAD, 3 IS FOUND, 4 WAS MADE, 5 DREMT/WERE DREAMING, 6 HAD PASSED, 7 LOST

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