The north pole is melting егэ ответы

Подробности

85479

verbitckaya2    
Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В4-В11 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения. TEST 10 (part 1)

Does it ever snow in Brazil?

B4

During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities known for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici.
(Participle II, “известные”, подходит по смысловому контексту)

 KNOW

B5

These cities are all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year.
(they — are)

 BE

B6

Brazil is thought to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed.
(present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. О Бразилии думают, а не Бразилия думает)

THINK

The North Pole is melting

B7

Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far quicker rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.
(степень сравнения)

 QUICK

B8

The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also less sea ice in the Arctic Ocean.
(степень сравнения)

 LITTLE

B9

It happens because ice floats/has floated into the Atlantic Ocean.
(present simple, лёд плывет в Атлантический океан – общее утверждение. 
present  perfect, автор хочет показать, что лёд плывет в Атлантический океан, и уже есть результат)

FLOAT

B10

Scientists say that the lack of ice represents clear proof that the planet is warming. Back in the past it could take three years to get through the waterway’s thick ice successfully, now — just a few weeks.
(present continuous, т.к. это изменение, развитие. Планета постепенно нагревается)

WARM

n01n02n03n04n05n06n07n08n09n10n11n12n13n14n15n16n17n18n19n2021

esse edit

Источник

1) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The North Pole has melted again

Two weeks of warm weather in the high Arctic have caused a lake to begin forming. To be clear, the water ___ (SURROUND) the pole is not sea water from the ocean.

2) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

It is ___ (MELT) ice water resting on a layer of ice below. “It’s a shallow lake. It’s a cold lake. But it is, actually, a lake,” writes William Wolfe of Canada.com.

3) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

That lake started to form on July 13 during a month of abnormally warm weather – temperatures were 1-3 degrees Celsius higher than average in the Arctic Ocean this month. In addition, the weather is likely to get ___ (BAD) over the coming week. An Arctic cyclone will bring strong winds and rain.

4) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Snow in Brazil

According to the National Meteorology Institute, 87 towns in all three of Brazil’s southern states saw snow and freezing rain last week. The temperature ___ (GO) below zero.

5) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

In some towns temperature as low as minus 7 degrees Celsius was registered. It was the ___ (ONE) time that it snowed in Florianopolis, and Curitiba, the capital of the state of Parana reported snow after 38 years.

6) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Snow is rare in Brazil. Last year it ___ (FALL) out only in a handful of towns in the mountainous areas.

7) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

This year because of heavy snowfalls and low temperature a state of emergency ___ (DECLARE) in several towns of the country.

8) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Don’t swim with ‘Dusty’

Dolphins are known for their gentle personality. But the celebrity dolphin, ‘Dusty’, one can see in Doolin Harbour, County Clare, Ireland is different.This female dolphin is well-known for her ___ (AGGRESSION) behaviour.

9) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

One day she was bathing next to a wall and stone steps of the harbour, with two ___ (SWIM) nearby.

10) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

She soon turned sinister as she began to bash her tail on the surface of the water in a sign of anger and ___ (IRRITATE), causing enormous splashes.

11) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

___ (SUDDEN) the dolphin surged through the water and hit a woman, leaving her screaming in pain.

12) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The ___ (FORTUNATE) womanbegan shouting for help. She was dragged onto the steps by a bystander, but Dusty soon came back and menacingly raised her head out of the water before swimming away.

13) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Dusty was first spotted in the waters as far back as 2000. At times she can seem ___ (FRIEND) and welcoming of the attention, but she can quickly turn nasty. Lifeguards in the area are now putting out red flags whenever Dusty is spotted in the area and have asked tourists not to swim with the dolphin.

14) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

My family

I don’t believe anyone could describe me as a snob. However, I do believe that the saying “There’s a place for everything, and everything has its place” ___ equally well to human beings.

1) concerns
2) applies
3) affects
4) influences

15) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

I was born in Yorkshire in Victorian times and I can safely ___ that during this period my family played a considerable role.

1) say
2) speak
3) tell
4) talk

16) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

My father, Sir Raymond Hardcastle, was not only an inventor and industrialist of great imagination and skill, but he also built up one of the nation’s most successful companies. At the same time he always ___ his workers as if they were all part of the family.

1) counted
2) dealt
3) judged
4) treated

17) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Indeed it was this example that he ___, whenever he dealt with those less fortunate than himself that has been the benchmark by which I have attempted to conduct my own life.

1) did
2) made
3) set
4) put

18) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

I have no brothers and just one elder sister, Amy. ___ there were only a couple of years between us, I cannot pretend that we were even particularly close, perhaps because I was an outgoing child, while she was shy and reserved.

1) however
2) although
3) therefore
4) nevertheless

19) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Her only interests in life were gardening, crochet work and the occasional visit to Scarborough festival. She never ___ an attempt to get out of the family circle.

1) made
2) did
3) took
4) held

20) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Gerald and I first met when I had been a houseguest at Lord Fanshaw’s country home in Norfolk. As it turned ___, we had much in common. We were married in July 1895 and our son Guy was born a year later. My father simply doted on Guy and left everything to him.

1) off
2) out
3) in
4) over

Источник

Введите ответ в поле ввода

Задание 403

The
North Pole is melting

Do you know how the global warming
affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology
shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far __________________ rate than
anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.

QUICK

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами B4 – B10, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

Решение:

quicker

Другие задачи на эту тему

Источник

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1

1

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в поле справа.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

1. It is important to teach pupils important elements of storytelling.

2. The compelling tone and atmosphere are important.

3. It is significant that students make their own choice.

4. Creative writing makes students nervous and bored.

5. Analyzing the development of characters improves writing.

6. The use of active verbs make stories alive.

7. These tasks are difficult for both students and teachers.

2

2

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений A—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Вы услышите запись дважды.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

A. Linda and Frank are going to the movies.

B. Mel Gibson’s character fights in the War of Independence.

C. Frank thinks the plot benefits from love stories.

D. Gibson’s character falls in love with a British girl.

E. Frank finds the film unrealistic in many ways.

F. Frank is sure costumes will be the main attraction for Linda in the film.

G. Linda plans to see the film that very night.

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3—9 выберите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

3

3

David has some work experience as …

1. a military pilot.

2. a pilot of regional airlines.

3. a British Airlines representative.

4

4

David’s present duties include …

1. helping his senior colleagues with their luggage and uniform.

2. paging important information to his senior colleagues.

3. replacing his senior colleagues when they are ill.

5

5

What is annoying to David in his current job?

1. The airline’s plans can go wrong.

2. It takes him too long to get to the airport.

3. Being paged interrupts his personal life.

6

6

Describing some difficulties in his current job, David says that …

1. it is a normal part of a reserve pilot’s career.

2. other pilots have more serious problems.

3. he expects his job to become more difficult in the future.

7

7

What is the biggest disadvantage of David’s current job?

1. Lack of free time.

2. Irregular working hours.

3. Low salary.

8

8

Speaking about his flat-mates. David says that …

1. they are not very friendly to him.

2. they always argue about who will cook the meals.

3. he doesn’t have the opportunity to see them very often.

9

9

What kind of training will David need in the future?

1. Training in flying A320.

2. Training for keeping up with changes.

3. Training in the company’s operations.

Раздел 2. Чтение

10

10

Установите соответствие тем 1 — 8 текстам A — G. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

1. Comparing insects

2. Some special features

3. Some dragonflies migrate

4. Excellent vision

5. Keeping them warm or cool

6. Masters of flight

7. Ancient insects

8. Risks of extinction

A. Long before the dinosaurs walked the Earth, dragonflies took to the air. If we could transport ourselves back 250 million years, we would immediately recognize the familiar sight of dragonflies flying in pursuit of prey. Ancient dragonflies may have been considerably larger than those we see today. A fossilized impression of a dragonfly wing, found in a coal mine in England, is the oldest known dragonfly specimen. This dragonfly lived 320 million years ago and had a wingspan of 8 inches.

B. Relative to other insects, dragonfly vision is extraordinarily good. The head consists almost entirely of two huge compound eyes, which gives the dragonfly nearly 360° vision. Each compound eye contains as many as 30,000 lenses, or ommatidia. A dragonfly uses about 80% of its brain to process all this visual information. They can see a wider spectrum of colours than humans. This remarkable vision helps them to detect the movement of other insects and avoid collisions in flight.

C. Dragonflies can move each of their four wings independently. In addition to flapping each wing up and down, they can rotate their wings forward and back on”an axis. This flexibility enables them to put on an aerial show like no other insect. Dragonflies can move straight up or down, fly backwards, stop and hover, and make hairpin turns, at full speed or in slow motion. A dragonfly can fly forward at a speed of 100 body lengths per second, or up to 30 miles per hour.

D. A number of dragonfly species are known to migrate. As with other organisms that migrate, dragonflies relocate to follow or find needed resources, or in response to environmental changes like cold weather. The globe skimmer is one of several species known to develop in temporary freshwater pools. Forced to follow the rains that replenish their breeding sites, the globe skimmer set a new insect world record when a biologist documented its 11,000 mile trip between India and Africa.

E. Fifty years ago there were twice as many ponds in Britain as there are today. The draining of agricultural land, «filling in and pollution have all contributed to the disappearance of most countryside ponds. Canals have also suffered from pollution, especially by chemicals used on farmland draining into water. The loss of suitable fresh water habitats has affected dragonflies enormously and they are becoming increasingly rare. Some of dragonflies which can be found living only in the Norfolk Broads, is on the list of British endangered species of insects.

F. A dragonfly has two large compound eyes which take up most of its head. Dragonflies have long, delicate, membranous wings which are transparent and some have light yellow colouring near the tips. Their bodies are long and slender and they have short antennae. Dragonflies are very colourful. Some are red like the Comet Darner and yellow like the Emerald Darner. They can beat each pairs of wings together or separately and their rear wings can be out of phase with the front wings. Their wing beat is around 50-90 beats per second.

G. Dragonflies and butterflies possess two pair of wings. The butterfly’s wings are made up of two large pairs of wings each possessing a forewing and a hindwing. Butterflies can’t fly if the temperature of their body falls below 8″5 degrees and therefore need to sun themselves in order to warm up. Butterflies also have a pair of antennae with small receptors attached for smelling. Dragonflies have two pairs of wings that are transparent, rigid, straight, and have few veins. Unlike butterflies, dragonflies are adept at flying.

11

11

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.

1. the realization of everyone’s right to education

2. one of its principal activities to achieve this aim

3. make education systems more effective

4. to respond to contemporary global challenges

5. stimulating teachers to work more effectively

6. to higher education, including vocational education

7. improving quality, and ensuring that education

Education for the 21st century

Since its creation in 1945, UNESCO’s mission has been to contribute to the building of peace, poverty eradication, lasting development and intercultural dialogue. Education is A ______ . The Organization is committed to a holistic and humanistic vision оf quality education worldwide, В ______ and the belief that education plays a fundamental role in human, social and economic development.

UNESCO’s educational objectives are to support the achievement of education for All (EFA), to provide global and regional leadership in education; to strengthen education systems worldwide from early childhood to the adult years; C ______ through education.

UNESCO’s work encompasses educational development from pre-school through D ______, non-formal education and literacy.

The Organization focuses on increasing access, E ______ develops knowledge and skills in areas such as sustainable development, human rights and gender equality. UNESCO works with governments and a wide range of partners to F ______ through policy change. It coordinates the Education for All movement, tracks education trends and raises the profile of educational needs on global development agendas.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.

The Maya civilization

The Maya civilization was one of the most advanced cultures in Mesoamerica, and their empire’s incredible reign (and mysterious collapse) is a source of fascination for all types of scholars. The culture is well-known for its long-count calendar, inscribed on a large stone, as well as its incredible architecture, and for having the first fully developed written language in the Americas. This is known due to the codices, or folding books, which have been found in various historical sites and are considered some of the era’s most important artifacts.

While many of these volumes were destroyed in the years during and after the Spanish conquest, three of the codices have been established as authentic beyond doubt. They are named after the cities in which they eventually came to reside: the Dresden, Madrid, and Paris codices. Other Maya books are extremely rare due to disintegration; many excavations of archaeological sites have unearthed lumps of plaster which are the remains of tomes where all organic matter has decomposed.

The Dresden Codex is one of the more well-known books, found in Chichen Itza. The last is believed to be the central city of the Maya civilization. The Dresden Codex is the oldest book written in the Western Hemisphere that’s ever been found, and consists of 39 double-sided sheets of amate paper. One of the most interest about the book is that it was written by different authors in a variety of colors, styles, and glyphs. The volume has an extraordinarily accurate astronomical table, including a chart that predicts the movement Venus in the sky. It’s believed that the Maya rulers would organise their wars to occur only when the planet had risen. We still can’t explain what made it possible for the Maya people to make such accurate astronomical observations without special equipment, so there are constant talks about possible contacts of Maya with other interspace civilizations.

The Madrid Codex is more varied than the Dresden, and is thought to have been written by only one person after the Spanish had already arrived in Mesoamerica. It may have been sent back to Spain by Herman Cortes himself, and it now resides in the Museo de America in Madrid. The source city for this book is believed to be Tayasal, which was conquered by conquistadors in 1697.

The Paris Codex was qcquired by France in 1832, and promptly disappeared for several years shortly after a few reproduction drawings had been made. It was rediscovered in 1859 in a basket of papers in the National Library, and is in poor condition as a result. The book contains prophecies relating of Maya long-count calendar as well as their zodiac. Many people still believe in the verity of Maya prophecies, or at least in our ability to decipher them.

While these three are the only authenticated Maya codices, there are a number of others which are believed to be forgeries; the rarity of this type of artifact naturally causes a spike in the price for a new one. The Grolier Codex surfaced in the 1970s, and consists of 11 pages, which were discovered in a cave. It is an extremely convincing artifact, but scholars are in serious disagreement over its legitimacy. While the paper is ancient enough, the pictures on it have many inconsistencies and errors, and no consensus has yet been reached.

12

12

Which of the following is, according to the author, NOT what the Maya civilization is famous for?

1. Knowledge.

2. Outstanding constructions.

3. Military victories.

4. Time-planning charts.

13

13

The Maya codices became so important for modem scholars because they

1. were found in different places.

2. are direct evidence of an ancient culture.

3. disclose ancient mysteries.

4. can still function as a calendar.

14

14

The Codices are named after several European cities because

1. they were found there.

2. they are kept there.

3. these cities are also very old.

4. these cities are the best research centres.

15

15

According to the author, in Maya culture the planet Venus movement was used to show …

1. when to change the ruler.

2. the accuracy of astronomical tables.

3. how to organize their civilization.

4. when to start a military action.

16

16

It can be implied that the Madrid Codex was …

1. a war trophy.

2. bought for the museum.

3. the reason of an ancient conflict.

4. discovered by chance.

17

17

The Paris Codex is in the poorest condition because it was …

1. not kept in a library.

2. poorly copied.

3. neglected for a period of time.

4. discovered too late.

18

18

The scholars are in doubt about the authenticity of the Grolier Codex because of …

1. its controversial content.

2. the qualities of its paper.

3. the text style.

4. its size.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные жирными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Перенесите полученный ответ в соответствующее поле справа. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19 — 25. Ответ пишите без пробелов и иных знаков.

19

19

The North Pole has melted again

SURROUND Two weeks of warm weather in the high Arctic have caused a lake to begin forming. To be clear, the water the pole is not sea water ______ from the ocean.

20

20

MELT It is ______ ice water resting on a layer of ice below. “It’s a shallow lake. It’s a cold lake. But it is, actually, a lake,” writes William Wolfe of Canada.com.

21

21

BAD That lake started to form on July 13 during a month of abnormally warm weather — temperatures were 1-3 degrees Celsius higher than average in the Arctic Ocean this month. In addition, the weather is likely to get ______ over the coming week. An Arctic cyclone will bring strong winds and rain.

22

22

Snow in Brazil

GO According to the National Meteorology Institute, 87 towns in all three of Brazil’s southern states saw snow and freezing rain last week. The temperature ______ below zero.

23

23

ONE In some towns temperature as low as minus 7 degrees Celsius was registered. It was the ______ time that it snowed in Florianopolis, and Curitiba, the capital of the state of Parana reported snow after 38 years.

24

24

FALLSnow is rare in Brazil. Last year it ______ out only in a handful of towns in the mountainous areas.

25

25

DECLARE This year because of heavy snowfalls and low temperature a state of emergency ________ in several towns of the country.

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные жирными буквам в конце строк 26—31, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните соответствующее поле справа полученными словами. Каждое поле соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

26

26

Don’t swim with ‘Dusty’

AGGRESSIONDolphins are known for their gentle personality. But the celebrity dolphin, ‘Dusty’, one can see in Doolin Harbour, County Clare, Ireland is different. This female dolphin is well-known for her_______ behaviour.

27

27

SWIM One day she was bathing next to a wall and stone steps of the harbour, with two ______ nearby.

28

28

IRRITATESShe soon turned sinister as she began to bash her tail on the surface of the water in a sign of anger and _______ causing enormous splashes.

29

29

SUDDEN________ the dolphin surged through the water and hit a woman, leaving her screaming in pain.

30

30

FORTUNATEThe _______ woman began shouting for help. She was dragged onto the steps by a bystander, but Dusty soon came back and menacingly raised her head out of the water before swimming away.

31

31

FRIEND Dusty was first spotted in the waters as far back as 2000. At times she can seem ______ and welcoming of the attention, but she can quickly turn nasty. Lifeguards in the area are now putting out red flags whenever Dusty is spotted in the area and have asked tourists not to swim with the dolphin.

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32 — 38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32 — 38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Му family

I don’t believe anyone could describe me as a snob. However, I do believe that the saying “There’s a place for everything, and everything has its place” 32 ______ equally well to human beings.

I was born in Yorkshire in Victorian times and I can safely 33 ______ that during this period my family played a considerable role. My father, Sir Raymond Hardcastle, was not only an inventor and industrialist of great imagination and skill, but he also built up one of the nation’s most successful companies. At the same time he always 34 ______ his workers as if they were all part of the family.

Indeed it was this example that he 35 ______ , whenever he dealt with those less fortunate than himself that has been the benchmark by which I have attempted to conduct my own life.

I have no brothers and just one elder sister, Amy. 36 ______ there were only a couple of years between us, I cannot pretend that we were even particularly close, perhaps because I was an outgoing child, while she was shy and reserved. Her only interests in life were gardening, crochet work and the occasional visit to Scarborough festival. She never 37 ______ an attempt to get out of the family circle.

Gerald and I first met when I had been a houseguest at Lord Fanshaw’s country home in Norfolk. As it turned 38 ______ we had much in common. We were married in July 1895 and our son Guy was born a year later. My father simply doted on Guy and left everything to him.

32

32

concerns

applies

affects

influences

34

34

counted

dealt

judged

treated

36

36

however

although

therefore

nevertheless

Раздел 4. Письмо

При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются.

39

You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Joan:

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: Welcome

… When I forget to take an umbrella in summer, it always rains. What’s the weather like in summer where you live? What do you usually do when it rains? How do you protect yourself from bad weather? I bought new shoes two days ago, but now I think I should take them back to the store …

Write an email to Joan.

In your message

— answer her questions

— ask 3 questions about her new shoes

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

40

40.1. Imagine that you are doing a project on what are the problems in rural areas in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below). Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

Вариант 14

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;

– select and report 2–3 main features;

– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant;

– outline a problem that can arise with rural areas and suggest the way of solving it;

– draw a conclusion giving your personal opinion on the problems in rural areas.

40.2. Imagine that you are doing a project on what celebration activities are popular among children in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject (see the diagram below). Comment on the data in the diagram and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

Вариант 14

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;

– select and report 2–3 main features;

– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant;

– outline a problem that can arise with celebration activities and suggest the way of solving it;

– draw a conclusion giving your personal opinion on the role of celebrations in our life.

Раздел 5. Говорение

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

41

Science is what we do to find out about the natural world. It is the total of physics, chemistry, biology, geology and astronomy. Science makes use of mathematics, and it makes observations and experiments. People who study and research science and try to find out everything about it are called scientists. Scientists study things by looking at them very carefully, by measuring them, and by doing experiments and tests. Scientists try to explain why things act the way they do, and predict what will happen.

Science is a way to get knowledge by discarding what is not true.Scientists must be very careful to make explanations that fit well with what they observe and measure. They compete to provide better explanations. An explanation might be interesting or pleasing, but if it does not agree with what other scientists really see and measure, they will try to find a better explanation.

42

Study the advertisement.

Вариант 14

You are considering visiting London transport museum and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following:

  • location of the museum
  • discounts for children
  • working hours
  • the most popular exhibit in the museum

You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.

Показать ответ

1. Where is the museum located?

2. Do you provide any discounts for children?

3. What are the working hours of the museum?

4. What is the most popular exhibit in the museum?

43

You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2−3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss ecology. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: What region of Russia do you live in? What is the state of ecology there?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What are the main sources of pollution?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: How do we reduce the amount of emissions that we output?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What kinds of dangers does global warming present to the world?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Who is more responsible for pollution – companies or individuals? Why?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.

Показать ответ

1. I live in Moscow region. I like this city and place where I live. The state of ecology is normal there. Air and water are clean in Moscow region.

2. The main sources of pollution are air, water, land pollution. Also the noise pollution is spread in big cities.

3. People should separate waste and throw garbage only in special containers. This will help to save nature.

4. Global warming leads to the melting of glaciers, to a decrease fresh drinking water, to a drought in nature and climate.

5. I think that equally companies or individuals are responsible for pollution. Each one should understand that people and industrial companies need to be more attentive with our planet and nature.

44

Imagine that you are doing a project «Cooperation in the workplace» together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:

  • give a brief description of the photos (2 features connected with the subject of the project in each photo minimum);
  • say in what way the pictures are different (2 features connected with the subject of the project minimum);
  • mention the advantages and disadvantages (1–2) of the two approaches to doing work;
  • express your opinion on the subject of the project – whether you would like to work by yourself or in a group

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2–3 sentences for every item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

Вариант 14

Вариант 14

Источник

Тест №01 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык (Ответ)

Honesty is the best policy

B4

To learn more about her students, my younger brother’s teacher sent home a lengthy questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. There were a lot of questions about this and that.
(past simple, были, мн.ч. oт was )

 BE

B5

She asked them about their likes and dislikes and about many other things.
(их)

 THEY

B6

She asked what they would think about their school in twenty years’ time.
(reported speech, при переходе из прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

THINK

B7

I was 6 years older than my brother but some questions seemed very difficult even to me.
(степень сравнения)

 OLD

B8

I couldn’t / could not answer them offhand.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

NOT CAN

B9

The worst question, in my opinion, was the one relating to their self-image: ‘When you look in a mirror, what do you see?’
(превосходная степень)

 BAD

B10

But my ten-year-old brother had no trouble with his answer: ‘Myself, and everything behind me.’
(за мной)

 I

Тест №02 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Where did the Olympic Games come from?

B4

There are many different stories about the beginning of the Olympics. One myth says that Zeus himself started the Games. Athletic games were held as an important part of many religious festivals in ancient Greek culture.
(past simple passive, игры проводились)

 HOLD

B5

Olympia was one of the oldest religious centers in the ancient Greek world.
(степень сравнения)

 OLD

B6

The most impressive sight at Olympia was the gold and ivory statue of Zeus.
(степень сравнения)

 IMPRESSIVE

B7

The statue was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This explains why Olympiawas chosen as the site for the most important athletic competition.
(past simple passive, Олимпия была выбрана)

 CHOOSE

B8

Some athletes travelled hundreds of miles, from colonies. These colonies were as far away as modern Spain, Egypt, Ukraine and Turkey. Any freeborn Greek (a man or a boy)could take part in the Olympics.

 CAN

B9

Women did not compete, they were also barred from attending the games, under penalty of death. Unmarried girls were allowed to attend.
(could–прошедшая форма от can)

 WOMAN

B10

Unlike the modern Olympics, judges did not come/ didn’t come from all over the world, but were drawn from Elis, the local region which included Olympia.
(past simple, действие происходило тогда, в далёком прошлом)

 NOT COME

Тест №03 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Albert Schweitzer, a Nobel Peace Prize Winner

B4

Albert Schweitzer is known throughout the world for his missionary work in Africa. He was born on January 14, 1875 in Alsace, which was part of Germany and later Part of France after World War I.
(степень сравнения)

 LATE

B5

He was a talented person. By the age of thirty, he was known as an author, a lecturer, and a musician.
(past simple passive, он был известен)

 KNOW

B6

It was at this time that he learned of the great need of medical doctors in Africa. He decided to become a doctor of medicine. In 1913, Doctor Schweitzer and his wife left for Africa.
(past simple, прошедшая форма от leave)

 LEAVE

B7

The morning after the Schweitzers arrived, they started to treat their patients in an old farmhouse. However, a new hospital buildingwas built with the help and the trust of African people.
(past simple passive, т.к. новая больница была построена, а не построила что-то сама)

BUILD

B8

Their work was interrupted by World War I Only in 1924, Dr. Schweitzer was finally able to return to Lambarene to rebuild the hospital. When Mrs. Schweitzer came back to Africa in 1929, the hospital was much larger.
(степень сравнения)

 LARGE

B9

There was a growing staff of doctors and nurses. In 1953 Dr. Schweitzer was given the Nobel Peace Prize.
(past simple passive, т.к. ему была дана премия, а не он дал  )

GIVE

B10

He was grateful, but said, ‘No man has the right to pretend that he has worked enough for the cause of peace or declare himself satisfied.’
(present perfect, обратите внимание, что это цитата. Тесты построены по принципу, что необходимо выбрать наиболее подходящий вариант. В подобных высказываниях делается акцент на результат. Человек  уже работает и будет еще работать)

WORK

Тест №04 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Gymnastics

B4

Modern world of sports knows many kinds of gymnastics. One of them, rhythmic gymnasticsgrew out of modern gymnastics and the Swedish system of free exercise in the 19-th century.
(past simple, действие произошло тогда, в прошлом. grow — grew)

 GROW

B5

It was called ‘aesthetic gymnastics’ as the students could express feelings and emotions through body movement. It combined elements of ballet, gymnastics, and theatrical dance.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 CAN

B6

Young women exercised to music, moving from simple calisthenics to more energetic activities. A growing number of men are participating in this kind of sport now.
(ед. — мн. число, woman – ед.ч. women-мн.ч.)

 WOMAN

B7

In the 1880s in Switzerland various exercises to music were created. They were designed to give grace of movement, and a much betterpose.
(степень сравнения)

 GOOD

B8

A degree of difficulty for each movement was developed by the European Sport Association after the World War I. So all the elements were graded accordingly.
(past simple passive, она была разработана, а не разработала что-то сама)

DEVELOP

B9

In 1906 rhythmic gymnastics was introduced to North America, but the sport didn’t gain /did not gain much popularity.
(past simple, событие произошло в опредёленное время в прошлом)

 NOT GAIN

B10

Ten European countries took part in the first world championship, held in 1973 in Budapest, Hungary. The United States did not begin competing in the biennial world championship until 1973.
(past simple, событие произошло в опредёленное время в прошлом)

 TAKE

Тест №05 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The History of Man

B4

How long has man been on earth? Let us travel 5,000 years into the past. We are in the days before man learned to write. Recorded historyhasn’t begun / has not begun yet.
(present perfect, т.к. мы перемещаемся в прошлое. Также перемещается и точка отсчета. Мы в 3000 году до нашей эры и запись истории еще не началась)

NOT BEGIN

B5

Yet there are people, about five million of them, living on all five continents.

(живущие)

 LIVE

B6

The earliest true human being, Homo sapiens, appeared in Europe more than 50,000 years ago.
(степень сравнения)

 EARLY

Greek myths: Daedalus

B7

Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor of  ancient Greece. He was so brilliant that King Minos of Grete kept him as a prisoner.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло тогда, в прошлом)

 KEEP

B8

The King didn’t want / did not want to let him go back to his home in Athens.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время, в прошлом)

NOT WANT

B9

Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even more powerful than they already were.
(степень сравнения)

 POWERFUL

B10

Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort, they longed to return home to Athens. Daedalus looked at the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they world not be able to sail far. One of King Minos’sseamen would spot and catch them very soon.
(seaman – ед.ч. seamen – мн.ч. )

 SEAMAN

Тест №06 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Pizza

B4

The evolution of pizza was quite long and many cultures contributed to it. Let us have a glimpse of its history.   
(позволим «нам»)    

 WE

B5

Women of ancient Egypt, Greece and later Rome had recipes  similar to modern ones.     
 (woman – ед.ч., women – мн.ч.)

 WOMAN

B6

The Egyptians had a tradition to celebrate the Pharaoh’s birthday with flat loaves lookingvery much like our modern pizza.      
(которые выглядят, выглядевшие)

 LOOK

B7

The word ‘pizza’ appeared in printing at the end of the 10th century for the first time.
(первый раз)

 ONE

B8

A remarkable event took place in June 1889. The Italian queen Margarita was staying in her summer palace in Naples. It was her birthday and the owner of a very popular pizzeria cooked a special kind of pizza for her. He named it ‘Margarita’. It was the best way to make this pizza famous all over the world.  
(good–better-the best)

 GOOD

B9

Now pizza is cooked with tomatoes. However, when tomatoes appeared in Europe they were grown as an ornamental plant.    
(present simple passive, общее утверждение)

 COOK

B10

For a long time people could not / couldn’tbelieve that tomatoes were edible.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

Тест №07 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The largest snowfall in decades

B4

This week’s snowfall in Brazil is one of the largest in decades. As snow on the ground is not a very common landscape in a so-called tropical country, everybody felt excited when they saw streets in snow.                         
(past simple, т.к. мы говорим об определённом времени в прошлом feel-felt)  

FEEL

B5

In the cities by the sea people are used to spending the summer sun bathing. They were surprised very much when they saw snow covering the city.
(past simple passive, т.к. они были убеждены, а не они убедили)

SURPRISE

B6

It was not / wasn’t long before social media became loaded with pictures of white fields and roads, and snowmen.
(past simple, т.к. этобыловпрошлом be-was/were-been)

 NOT BE

Flood in Santa Claus’ home

B7

The usual images of the North Pole are impressive ice sheets, but scenes from a webcam there reveal a different story. Meteorologists have reported that temperatures in early July were one to three degrees Celsius higher than the year’s average over most of the Arctic Ocean.
(степень сравнения)

 HIGH

B8

Thanks to rapidly melting ice, Santa Claus nowhas his own swimming pool. The North Pole is currently a lake, Canada.com reports.
(3-е лицо have-has)

 HAVE

B9

The lake is about a foot deep, consistingentirely of the melted ice itself. It shows a dramatic change is the Arctic climate.
(состоящая)

 CONSIST

B10

In fact, a pool of melted water has formed at the North Pole every year now since 2002. The mythical home of Santa Claus has been officially flooded!
(present perfect, т.к. он начал формироваться и до сих пор формируется)

FORM

Тест №08 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Why do the Chinese call the Yellow River in China “China’s Sorrow”?

B4

The Huang He, or Yellow River, in China is called “China’s Sorrow” by the Chinese themselves. Since long ago, flooding has beena serious problem.
(present perfect, т.к. с тех пор и до сих пор)

BE

B5

The worst, most sorrowful flood on record happened in 1931.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B6

The waters began to rise in July, and by November of that year, more than 40,000 square miles had been flooded, leaving 80 million people homeless.
(оставляя)

 LEAVE

 A rabbit and a tortoise

B7

Once there lived a rabbit and a tortoise. The rabbit challenged the tortoise to have a race with him. The tortoise agreed and they started the race.
(с ним)

 HE

B8

The rabbit ran faster than the tortoise, and in a few minutes he was near the crossing line. He couldn’t see the tortoise, so he decided to rest for a while till the tortoise arrived and then he would quickly cross the line.
(степень сравнения)

 FAST

B9

The rabbit lay down under a tree and soon he was asleep. When he awoke, he saw that the tortoise had crossed / was crossing the line.
(past perfect, он увидел, что черепаха пересекла линию до того, как он проснулся.
past continues, он увидел, что черепаха пересекала линию в тот момент, когда он просыпался)

CROSS

B10

The tortoise won the match, showing that it’s more important to be steady and active than to be fast.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

WIN

Тест №09 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

New Zealand: geography

B4

New Zealand consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands so scattered that they range from the tropical to the Antarctic. New Zealand is located about 2,012 km southeast of Australia.
(present simple passive)

 LOCATE

B5

The two main islands are the North Island and the South Island, separated by Cook Strait. The North Island is 829 km long and volcanic in its south-central part.
(разделённые)

 SEPARATE

B6

South Island has the Southern Alps along its west coast, with Mount Cook being thehighest point. Other inhabited islands include Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and Great Barrier Island.
(степень сравнения)

 HIGH

Enough is enough

B7

A woman came to President Abraham Lincoln and told him with a commanding air: “Mr. President, you must make my son a general. Sir, I demand it not as a favor, but as a right. My grandfather fought at Lexington.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время в прошлом.)

FIGHT

B8

My father was the only man who did not run /didn’t run away at Bladensburg.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время в прошлом.)

NOT RUN

B9

My husband was killed at Monterrey.”
(past simple passive, он был убит, а не убил)

KILL

B10

“I guess, madam,” said Lincoln, “your familyhas done / have done enough for the country. It is time to give somebody else a chance.”
(present perfect, т.к. цитата. Твоя семья сделала “уже” достаточно, есть результат)

DO

Тест №10 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Does it ever snow in Brazil?

B4

During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities known for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici.
(известные)

 KNOW

B5

These cities are all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year.
(they — are)

 BE

B6

Brazil is thought to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed.
(present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. О Бразилии думают, а не Бразилия думает)

THINK

The North Pole is melting

B7

Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far quicker rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.
(степень сравнения)

 QUICK

B8

The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also less sea ice in the Arctic Ocean.
(степень сравнения)

 LITTLE

B9

It happens because ice floats/has floatedinto the Atlantic Ocean.
(present simple, лёд плывет в Атлантический океан – общее утверждение. 
present  perfect, автор хочет показать, что лёд плывет в Атлантический океан, и уже есть результат)

FLOAT

B10

Scientists say that the lack of ice represents clear proof that the planet is warming. Back in the past it could take three years to get through the waterway’s thick ice successfully, now — just a few weeks.
(present continues, т.к. это изменение, развитие. Планета постепенно нагревается)

WARM

Тест №11 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Russian inventions: holography

B4

Do you know what holography is? It is a technique based on lasers, which enable 3-D (three-dimensional) images to be made.
(основанная на)

 BASE

B5

In 1962, Soviet physicist Yuri Denisyuk cameup with the first reflection hologram also known as the “Denisyuk hologram”.
(past simple, т.к. событие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом, в 1962.)

COME

B6

Now the technology is used in most holographic displays and it was the first to allow multi-color image reproduction in holograms.
(present simple passive, т.к. технология используется, а не использует)

 USE

Grey hair

B7

Johnny noticed a change in his mother’s appearance. “Mommy, some of your hairs are turning / have turned grey. Why?” the curious child asked.
(present continuous, т.к. говорящий хочет сосредоточиться на процессе, становятся седыми. 
present perfect,т.к. говорящий сосредотачивается на результате, уже стали седые.)

TURN

B8

The mother tried to use this occasion to teach her child: “It is because of you, dear. Every bad action of yours shows on my hair.
(твоё действие)

 YOU

B9

It turns one my hairs grey!”
(present simple, 3-е лицо)

 TURN

B10

The child replied innocently: “Now I know why my grandmother has only grey hair on her head.” Most children are smarter than adults think.
(степень сравнения)

 SMART

Тест №12 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A cup of coffee

B4

Once I was travelling in Italy. It was a lovely day. I wandered along the street until I came upon some parasol-shaded tables which seemed to me very nice. I settled and opened my book.
(мне)

 I

B5

It was taking a long time for the waiter to arrive, but I was in no hurry. I was sure that the waiter would come soon.
(reported speech, т.к. мы переходим из прошлого в будущее.)

COME

B6

But finally, becoming impatient, I turned to signal for service and saw the neon sign. That was the worst moment … I discovered that I was sitting outside a store selling garden furniture.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

The Great Wall of China

B7

The Great Wall of China runs for 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China. It is one of the greatest wonders of the world.
(степень сравнения

 GREAT

B8

The Great Wall was built in order to protect the country form different aggressors.
(past simple passive, т.к. стена была построена, а не сама построила что-то)

BUILD

B9

The construction of the Wall began in the 6thcentury BC and lasted until the 16th century AD.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

BEGIN

B10

Since then, the Great Wall of China has become a Symbol of wisdom and bravery of the Chinese people and a monument to Chinese nation for many hundreds of years.
(present perfect, т.к. действие началось в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор)

BECOME

Тест №13 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A phone call

B4

Among the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called him.
(ему)

 HE

B5

A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and would come home late in the evening.
(reported speech, при переходе из прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

COME

B6

The worst moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B7

Later, however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn’t missed the exam.
(степень сравнения)

 LATE

 March 8 in Russia

B8

In English-speaking countries they celebrate Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day. In Russia we celebrate the International Women’s Day. Though it is called ‘International’, it is observed only in Russia and some CIS countries.
(present simple passive, т.к. это называется, а не само называет)

CALL

B9

Boys and men bring flowers and small presents to girls and women they work or study with.
(man – ед.ч. men – мн.ч.)

 MAN

B10

It has become a tradition for husbands to do all house work on that day. There are many jokes about it being the only day of the year when they do this.
(present perfect, т.к. действие началось в прошлом, и продолжается до настоящего)

BECOME

Тест №14 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Singing in the car

B4

My elder brother likes all kinds of music. He prefers jazz but also listens to pop music and sometimes goes to classical music concerts. But when driving me in his car, he insists on listening to heavy-metal music.
(меня)

 I

B5

For a long time I couldn’t/could notunderstand why he was doing  it.
(can – настоящее время, could – прошедшее время)

 NOT CAN

B6

He knew very well that for me it was theworst kind of music.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B7

One day I decided to ask him why he always chose this type while driving. “Well, sister,” he reluctantly replied, “to be frank, it’s mainly so you can’t sing along.” He added that he would listen to anything else if only I promised not to sing along.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

LISTEN

St. Patrick’s Day, March 17

B8

St. Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. On March 17 there is a great celebration with the major parade in Dublin and smaller parades all over Ireland. In New York the first St.Patrick’s Day celebration took place in 1762.
(первый)

 ONE

B9

On March 15, 1992 St. Patrick’s Day was celebrated in Moscow. Thousands of delighted Muscovites gathered at Novy Arbat to watch the parade of marching bands, Cossack horsemen and floats of Russian and Irish companies.
(past simple passive, т.к. этот день празднуется, а не он сам что-то празднует)

CELEBRATE

B10

Since then, St. Patrick’s Day parades have been held in Moscow every year.
(present perfect passive, т.к. действие началось в прошлом и продолжается по сей день)

HOLD

Тест №15 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Excuses, excuses…

B4

For years my husband, Tom, and I had complained bitterly about the lack of sidewalks in our village. We didn’t have enough exercise but we couldn’t / could not jog because there were no sidewalks.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

B5

Tom had often told me, «If only we had sidewalks, we would jog or walk daily and become models of fitness».
(мне)

 I

B6

So we were thrilled when a community sidewalk project was announced, and watched eagerly as paving neared completion. Then theworst thing happened: wishful thinking and reality collided.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B7

«Well, dear,» Tom said. «What’ll we use as an excuse for not walking now?» I said I would think of some excuse.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

THINK

 Memorial Day

B8

In the USA, Memorial Day is the last Monday in May. Memorial Day was declared a national holiday in 1971.
(past simple passive, т.к. этот день был провозглашён, а не сам что-то провозгласил)

DECLARE

B9

But the tradition of honoring those who died in defense of their country goes back to the Civil War. The tradition to hold memorial services, visit the cemeteries, decorate the graves with flowers and wreaths originated in Waterloo, New York, in 1866.
(их)

 THEY

B10

Since then, the tradition has changed. Nowadays, on Memorial Day Americans honor not only soldiers who perished in wars but those loved ones who have died.
(present perfect, т.к. традиция изменилась и остается изменённой до сих пор)

CHANGE

Тест №16 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

As old as a brontosaurus

B4

As we walked around the Prehistoric Park in Calgary, I had my six- year-old son, Jordie, pose for a picture with a brontosaurus in the background. After I took the photo, I couldn’t/ could not help crying.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

B5

«What’s wrong, Моm?» Jordie asked. I explained that when I was his age, my parents had taken my picture standing in exactly the same spot, and I was feeling rather nostalgic. I added that perhaps one day he would takehis son’s picture here.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

TAKE

B6

Puzzled, he looked several times from the brontosaurus to me.
(мне)

 I

B7

And then came the worst moment of my life. My son said, «But … when you were a girl … it was alive then, right?»
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

 Victory Day

B8

On this day, Russia celebrates the victory over Nazi Germany and honours 20 million Soviet people who died in the war. May 9 was chosen, since on the night of the 8th/9th of 1945, the Nazi Germany surrendered to the Soviet Union and the Allies in Berlin.
(past simple passive, т.к. этот день был выбран, а не сам что-то выбрал)

CHOOSE

B9

In Russia, almost every family has at least one person who took part in the war.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

TAKE

B10

Older citizens who did not fight during the war worked in factories to make weapons, which was not easier than fighting. They, too, are honoured on Victory Day.
(степень сравнения)

 EASY

Тест №17 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A Smart Boy

B4

Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their wives were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited Mr. Brown to a small party.
(wife – ед.число, wives – мн.ч.)

 WIFE

B5

Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He was surprised very much by his telephone conversation.
(past simple passive, он был удивлён, а не он удивил кого-то)

SURPRISE

B6

When he came back Mr. Jones asked him, “Have you spoken to your wife already?” “No, she wasn’t/was not there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, “Is your mother there?” And he said, “She is somewhere outside”.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

NOT BE

B7

“Why is she outside?” I asked. “She is lookingfor me”, he answered.
(present continues, т.к. действие происходит в настоящий для говорящего момент)

LOOK

Maslenitsa

B8

Have you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the most popular festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring.
(степень сравнения)

 POPULAR

B9

Russian pancakes — blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini are eaten with jam, sour cream, and of course, lots of butter.
(present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. Также, блины едят, а не сами блины едят кого-то)

EAT

B10

Warm, round, and golden — blini are the symbol of the sun! Ancient Russians actually believed that when eating a pancake, theywere getting a part of the Sun’s life energy.
(past continues, т.к. это параллельное действие, когда они ели, они получали)

GET

Тест №18 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Natural Wonders: Meteor Crater

B4

Some of the natural wonders are known for their beauty. The Meteor Crater is not one of them. It looks like a big hole in the desert. Itwas caused by a meteorite hitting the earth thousands of years ago.
(past simple passive, т.к. метеоритный удар по земле послужил причиной, а не большая дыра в земле послужила причиной )

CAUSE

B5

The crater is 4,145 feet across, and 570 feet deep. It is the largest impact crater in the entire world.
(степень сравнения)

 LARGE

B6

When Europeans discovered it in 1871, theythought it was the top of a volcano.
(past simple, т.к. говорится об определенном событии в прошлом)

THINK

B7

Since then, scientists have explored/have been exploring the crater for many years, but there are still many secrets and mysteries hiding inside it.
(present perfect, т.к. говорящий хочет акцентировать внимание на результате. Исследование началось с какого-то момента в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор.

present perfect continues, т.к. говорящий хочет акцентировать внимание больше на процессе, который начался в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор. )

EXPLORE

 It was simple

B8

One day last summer my nine-year-old daughter went off to the camp. All her thingswere packed in a small bag.
(past simple passive, т.к. её вещи были упакованы, а не сами упаковали ч.л.)

PACK

B9

Two weeks later, Anna came back home and I unpacked her things. Everything was clean and well folded. “Camp sure has changed you. Your things look much better than usual.”
(степень сравнения)

 GOOD

B10

“It was simple, Mom,” she answered. “I didn’t unpack. Many children did the same.”
(child – ед.ч, children – мн.ч.)

 CHILD

Тест №19 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The Climate of Russia

B4

Russia has a varied climate. Almost all of Russia is situated in the North Temperature Zone.
(present simple passive, т.к. она находится, а не она расположила)

SITUATE

B5

The climate is continental; however, the fluctuations in temperature are greater than in other European countries.
(степень сравнения)

 GREAT

B6

The extreme north is a cold bare region — the tundra. For more than six months it is buriedin snow.
(present simple passive, т.к. она находится, а не она расположила)

BURY

B7

This region can be called the land offrozen rivers.
(замёрзший)

 FREEZE

B8

In May the temperature begins to rise. The gloomy night is succeeded by continuous daylight, when the sun does not sink/doesn’tsink below the horizon for several months.
(present simple, т.к. это общее утверждение. это происходит всегда, регулярно.)

NOT SINK

B9

The better part of Russia is not influenced by the warm winds of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. There are no mountains in the north to form a barrier against the cold windsblowing from the Arctic Ocean.
(дующий)

 BLOW

B10

The extreme west of Russia has a temperate climate. Thus, the summers in the Baltic are cool and the winters mild. If we go further/farther east, the climate will become more continental.
(степень сравнения)

 FAR

Тест №20 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Who really discovered America?

B4

Everybody knows that Christopher Columbus discovered America. Was he really the first to reach the continent? The great Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdal believed that ancient people were able to build boats that couldcross oceans.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 CAN

B5

То test his ideas, Heyerdal decided to build a copy of the ancient Egyptian boat and sail across the Atlantic. On May 25, 1969 the boat called Ra left a port in Morocco and headed across the widest part of the Atlantic.
(степень сравнения)

 WIDE

B6

On May 17, 1970 Ra successfully crossed the Atlantic, proving that ancient civilizations had enough skill to reach America long before Columbus.
(доказывая)

 PROVE

Greek myths: Apollo and Cassandra

B7

In ancient Greece there were many temples built for Apollo. He was the god of youth, beauty, music and poetry. Besides, Apollo had one very special skill — he could see the future. One day Apollo came to the temple in Troy. Among other women he saw Cassandra, a young and beautiful priestess, who worked at the temple.
(woman – ед.ч., women – мн.ч.)

 WOMAN

B8

Apollo was impressed by her grace.
(past simple passive, т.к. он был впечатлён, а не он впечатлил)

IMPRESS

B9

The minute Apollo saw Cassandra, he fell in love. It was love at first sight. Apollo offered her a deal. He would give Cassandra the gift of being able to see the future, if she gave him a kiss. Cassandra agreed.
(past simple, т.к. это случилось тогда, в определённый момент в прошлом, fall-fell-fallen)

FALL

B10

With a laugh, Apollo gave her the gift,dreaming about the reward. Instantly, Cassandra could see the future. She saw Apollo, in the future, helping to destroy Troy.
(мечтая)

 DREAM

Тест №21 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The Emperor’s Seed

B4

Once there lived an old emperor who had no children. He couldn’t /could not choose his successor for a long time.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

B5

Then he called all the young people in the kingdom together and said, «I’ll give each one of you a seed today. I want you to go home, plant it, water it and come back here one year from today with what you have grown from this one seed.» A boy named Ling also got a seed. He came home and told his mother that he would grow the best plant.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

GROW

B6

She helped him plant the seed. Every day he watered it but nothing grew.
(ему)

 HE

B7

A year passed and Ling took his empty pot to the palace while all the rest brought some beautiful plants. The emperor said, «Lying is the worst thing in the world. I gave you all spoilt seeds. Nothing grows from spoilt seeds.» So Ling became the new emperor.
(bad–worse-the worst)

 BAD

 Roald Dahl

 B8

Roald Dahl, a famous British writer, was Norwegian by birth. Dahl was named after the Polar explorer Roald Amundsen, a national hero in Norway at the time. During the Second World War Dahl served in the Royal Air Force as a fighter pilot.
(past simple passive, т.к. он был назван, а не он назвал к.л.)

NAME

B9

Dahl became well-known in 1940s with works for both children and adults.
(child – ед.число, children – мн.число)

 CHILD

B10

One of his highly popular tales was ‘Charlie and the Chocolate Factory’. Since 1945 his books have been published in almost 50 languages.
(present perfect passive, т.к. действие началось в прошлом, и не закончилось до сих пор.)

PUBLISH
Источник

1) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Does it ever snow in Brazil?

During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities ___ (KNOW) for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici.

2) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

These cities ___ (BE) all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year.

3) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Brazil ___ (THINK) to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed.

4) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The North Pole is melting

Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far ___ (QUICK) rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.

5) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also ___ (LITTLE) sea ice in the Arctic Ocean.

6) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

It happens because ice ___ (FLOAT) into the Atlantic Ocean.

7) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Scientists say that the lack of ice represents clear proof that the planet ___ (WARM). Back in the past it could take three years to get through the waterway’s thick ice successfully, now – just a few weeks.

8) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The most important liquid on Earth

Water is a vital element in each of our lives. Not only is it essential to our health, but we also use it for ___ (VARY) household tasks. Every day we use water for cooking, bathing, and cleaning, and drinking; but how often do we think about its source?

9) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

___ (CONSUME) receive their water from one of two sources: a private well, or a community water system.

10) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Approximately 15 percent of the U.S. population relies on ___ (INDIVIDUAL) owned and operated sources of drinking water, such as wells, cisterns, and springs. The majority of household wells are found in rural areas.

11) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Those who receive their water from a private well are solely ___ (RESPONSE) for the safety of the water.

12) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Private wells are not subject to different federal ___ (REGULATE), and are generally regulated on a very limited basis by states.

13) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Local health departments may assist well owners with ___ (PERIOD) testing for bacteria or nitrates, but the bulk of the responsibility for caring for the well falls on the well owner.

14) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

At the office

The following morning I visited our local newsagent Mr. Bales. He always seemed to know exactly what was going on in the neighbourhood and was only too happy to ___ his knowledge with anyone who wanted to pass the time of day.

1) divide
2) split
3) share
4) separate

15) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Then I ___ at the office of John D. Wood in Mount Street. I had to wait for some time, but eventually one of four assistants came over, introduced himself to me as Mr. Palmer and asked how he could help.

1) arrived
2) reached
3) achieved
4) completed

16) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

After a closer inspection of the young man, I doubted that he could help anyone. He must have been about seventeen and was so pale and thin he looked as if a gust of wind might blow him ___.

1) about
2) over
3) around
4) away

17) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

“I’d like to know some details concerning Number 147 Chelsea Terrace,” I said. “Would madam please excuse me?” he ___ and walked over to a filing cabinet.

1) spoke
2) said
3) talked
4) told

18) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

He ___ no attempt to invite me in or even to offer me a chair. He placed the single sheet on the countertop and studied it closely.

1) made
2) did
3) took
4) held

19) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

“A greengrocer’s shop,” he said. “Yes. What price is the owner asking for the property?” I asked. I was becoming more and more annoyed by being so obviously ignored. “One hundred and fifty guineas is being asked for the shop,” ___ the assistant, his eyes fixed on the bottom line of the schedule.

1) admitted
2) agreed
3) stated
4) expressed

20) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The shop turned out to be ridiculously expensive. I made my ___ back to Chelsea, only too aware that I had no intention of buying a shop in the neighbourhood.

1) track
2) road
3) path
4) way

Тест №01 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык (Ответ)

Honesty is the best policy

B4

To learn more about her students, my younger brother’s teacher sent home a lengthy questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. There were a lot of questions about this and that.
(past simple, были, мн.ч. oт was )

 BE

B5

She asked them about their likes and dislikes and about many other things.
(их)

 THEY

B6

She asked what they would think about their school in twenty years’ time.
(reported speech, при переходе из прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

THINK

B7

I was 6 years older than my brother but some questions seemed very difficult even to me.
(степень сравнения)

 OLD

B8

I couldn’t / could not answer them offhand.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

NOT CAN

B9

The worst question, in my opinion, was the one relating to their self-image: ‘When you look in a mirror, what do you see?’
(превосходная степень)

 BAD

B10

But my ten-year-old brother had no trouble with his answer: ‘Myself, and everything behind me.’
(за мной)

 I

Тест №02 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Where did the Olympic Games come from?

B4

There are many different stories about the beginning of the Olympics. One myth says that Zeus himself started the Games. Athletic games were held as an important part of many religious festivals in ancient Greek culture.
(past simple passive, игры проводились)

 HOLD

B5

Olympia was one of the oldest religious centers in the ancient Greek world.
(степень сравнения)

 OLD

B6

The most impressive sight at Olympia was the gold and ivory statue of Zeus.
(степень сравнения)

 IMPRESSIVE

B7

The statue was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This explains why Olympiawas chosen as the site for the most important athletic competition.
(past simple passive, Олимпия была выбрана)

 CHOOSE

B8

Some athletes travelled hundreds of miles, from colonies. These colonies were as far away as modern Spain, Egypt, Ukraine and Turkey. Any freeborn Greek (a man or a boy)could take part in the Olympics.

 CAN

B9

Women did not compete, they were also barred from attending the games, under penalty of death. Unmarried girls were allowed to attend.
(could–прошедшая форма от can)

 WOMAN

B10

Unlike the modern Olympics, judges did not come/ didn’t come from all over the world, but were drawn from Elis, the local region which included Olympia.
(past simple, действие происходило тогда, в далёком прошлом)

 NOT COME

Тест №03 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Albert Schweitzer, a Nobel Peace Prize Winner

B4

Albert Schweitzer is known throughout the world for his missionary work in Africa. He was born on January 14, 1875 in Alsace, which was part of Germany and later Part of France after World War I.
(степень сравнения)

 LATE

B5

He was a talented person. By the age of thirty, he was known as an author, a lecturer, and a musician.
(past simple passive, он был известен)

 KNOW

B6

It was at this time that he learned of the great need of medical doctors in Africa. He decided to become a doctor of medicine. In 1913, Doctor Schweitzer and his wife left for Africa.
(past simple, прошедшая форма от leave)

 LEAVE

B7

The morning after the Schweitzers arrived, they started to treat their patients in an old farmhouse. However, a new hospital buildingwas built with the help and the trust of African people.
(past simple passive, т.к. новая больница была построена, а не построила что-то сама)

BUILD

B8

Their work was interrupted by World War I Only in 1924, Dr. Schweitzer was finally able to return to Lambarene to rebuild the hospital. When Mrs. Schweitzer came back to Africa in 1929, the hospital was much larger.
(степень сравнения)

 LARGE

B9

There was a growing staff of doctors and nurses. In 1953 Dr. Schweitzer was given the Nobel Peace Prize.
(past simple passive, т.к. ему была дана премия, а не он дал  )

GIVE

B10

He was grateful, but said, ‘No man has the right to pretend that he has worked enough for the cause of peace or declare himself satisfied.’
(present perfect, обратите внимание, что это цитата. Тесты построены по принципу, что необходимо выбрать наиболее подходящий вариант. В подобных высказываниях делается акцент на результат. Человек  уже работает и будет еще работать)

WORK

Тест №04 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Gymnastics

B4

Modern world of sports knows many kinds of gymnastics. One of them, rhythmic gymnasticsgrew out of modern gymnastics and the Swedish system of free exercise in the 19-th century.
(past simple, действие произошло тогда, в прошлом. grow — grew)

 GROW

B5

It was called ‘aesthetic gymnastics’ as the students could express feelings and emotions through body movement. It combined elements of ballet, gymnastics, and theatrical dance.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 CAN

B6

Young women exercised to music, moving from simple calisthenics to more energetic activities. A growing number of men are participating in this kind of sport now.
(ед. — мн. число, woman – ед.ч. women-мн.ч.)

 WOMAN

B7

In the 1880s in Switzerland various exercises to music were created. They were designed to give grace of movement, and a much betterpose.
(степень сравнения)

 GOOD

B8

A degree of difficulty for each movement was developed by the European Sport Association after the World War I. So all the elements were graded accordingly.
(past simple passive, она была разработана, а не разработала что-то сама)

DEVELOP

B9

In 1906 rhythmic gymnastics was introduced to North America, but the sport didn’t gain /did not gain much popularity.
(past simple, событие произошло в опредёленное время в прошлом)

 NOT GAIN

B10

Ten European countries took part in the first world championship, held in 1973 in Budapest, Hungary. The United States did not begin competing in the biennial world championship until 1973.
(past simple, событие произошло в опредёленное время в прошлом)

 TAKE

Тест №05 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The History of Man

B4

How long has man been on earth? Let us travel 5,000 years into the past. We are in the days before man learned to write. Recorded historyhasn’t begun / has not begun yet.
(present perfect, т.к. мы перемещаемся в прошлое. Также перемещается и точка отсчета. Мы в 3000 году до нашей эры и запись истории еще не началась)

NOT BEGIN

B5

Yet there are people, about five million of them, living on all five continents.

(живущие)

 LIVE

B6

The earliest true human being, Homo sapiens, appeared in Europe more than 50,000 years ago.
(степень сравнения)

 EARLY

Greek myths: Daedalus

B7

Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor of  ancient Greece. He was so brilliant that King Minos of Grete kept him as a prisoner.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло тогда, в прошлом)

 KEEP

B8

The King didn’t want / did not want to let him go back to his home in Athens.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время, в прошлом)

NOT WANT

B9

Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even more powerful than they already were.
(степень сравнения)

 POWERFUL

B10

Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort, they longed to return home to Athens. Daedalus looked at the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they world not be able to sail far. One of King Minos’sseamen would spot and catch them very soon.
(seaman – ед.ч. seamen – мн.ч. )

 SEAMAN

Тест №06 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Pizza

B4

The evolution of pizza was quite long and many cultures contributed to it. Let us have a glimpse of its history.   
(позволим «нам»)    

 WE

B5

Women of ancient Egypt, Greece and later Rome had recipes  similar to modern ones.     
 (woman – ед.ч., women – мн.ч.)

 WOMAN

B6

The Egyptians had a tradition to celebrate the Pharaoh’s birthday with flat loaves lookingvery much like our modern pizza.      
(которые выглядят, выглядевшие)

 LOOK

B7

The word ‘pizza’ appeared in printing at the end of the 10th century for the first time.
(первый раз)

 ONE

B8

A remarkable event took place in June 1889. The Italian queen Margarita was staying in her summer palace in Naples. It was her birthday and the owner of a very popular pizzeria cooked a special kind of pizza for her. He named it ‘Margarita’. It was the best way to make this pizza famous all over the world.  
(good–better-the best)

 GOOD

B9

Now pizza is cooked with tomatoes. However, when tomatoes appeared in Europe they were grown as an ornamental plant.    
(present simple passive, общее утверждение)

 COOK

B10

For a long time people could not / couldn’tbelieve that tomatoes were edible.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

Тест №07 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The largest snowfall in decades

B4

This week’s snowfall in Brazil is one of the largest in decades. As snow on the ground is not a very common landscape in a so-called tropical country, everybody felt excited when they saw streets in snow.                         
(past simple, т.к. мы говорим об определённом времени в прошлом feel-felt)  

FEEL

B5

In the cities by the sea people are used to spending the summer sun bathing. They were surprised very much when they saw snow covering the city.
(past simple passive, т.к. они были убеждены, а не они убедили)

SURPRISE

B6

It was not / wasn’t long before social media became loaded with pictures of white fields and roads, and snowmen.
(past simple, т.к. этобыловпрошлом be-was/were-been)

 NOT BE

Flood in Santa Claus’ home

B7

The usual images of the North Pole are impressive ice sheets, but scenes from a webcam there reveal a different story. Meteorologists have reported that temperatures in early July were one to three degrees Celsius higher than the year’s average over most of the Arctic Ocean.
(степень сравнения)

 HIGH

B8

Thanks to rapidly melting ice, Santa Claus nowhas his own swimming pool. The North Pole is currently a lake, Canada.com reports.
(3-е лицо have-has)

 HAVE

B9

The lake is about a foot deep, consistingentirely of the melted ice itself. It shows a dramatic change is the Arctic climate.
(состоящая)

 CONSIST

B10

In fact, a pool of melted water has formed at the North Pole every year now since 2002. The mythical home of Santa Claus has been officially flooded!
(present perfect, т.к. он начал формироваться и до сих пор формируется)

FORM

Тест №08 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Why do the Chinese call the Yellow River in China “China’s Sorrow”?

B4

The Huang He, or Yellow River, in China is called “China’s Sorrow” by the Chinese themselves. Since long ago, flooding has beena serious problem.
(present perfect, т.к. с тех пор и до сих пор)

BE

B5

The worst, most sorrowful flood on record happened in 1931.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B6

The waters began to rise in July, and by November of that year, more than 40,000 square miles had been flooded, leaving 80 million people homeless.
(оставляя)

 LEAVE

 A rabbit and a tortoise

B7

Once there lived a rabbit and a tortoise. The rabbit challenged the tortoise to have a race with him. The tortoise agreed and they started the race.
(с ним)

 HE

B8

The rabbit ran faster than the tortoise, and in a few minutes he was near the crossing line. He couldn’t see the tortoise, so he decided to rest for a while till the tortoise arrived and then he would quickly cross the line.
(степень сравнения)

 FAST

B9

The rabbit lay down under a tree and soon he was asleep. When he awoke, he saw that the tortoise had crossed / was crossing the line.
(past perfect, он увидел, что черепаха пересекла линию до того, как он проснулся.
past continues, он увидел, что черепаха пересекала линию в тот момент, когда он просыпался)

CROSS

B10

The tortoise won the match, showing that it’s more important to be steady and active than to be fast.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

WIN

Тест №09 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

New Zealand: geography

B4

New Zealand consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands so scattered that they range from the tropical to the Antarctic. New Zealand is located about 2,012 km southeast of Australia.
(present simple passive)

 LOCATE

B5

The two main islands are the North Island and the South Island, separated by Cook Strait. The North Island is 829 km long and volcanic in its south-central part.
(разделённые)

 SEPARATE

B6

South Island has the Southern Alps along its west coast, with Mount Cook being thehighest point. Other inhabited islands include Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and Great Barrier Island.
(степень сравнения)

 HIGH

Enough is enough

B7

A woman came to President Abraham Lincoln and told him with a commanding air: “Mr. President, you must make my son a general. Sir, I demand it not as a favor, but as a right. My grandfather fought at Lexington.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время в прошлом.)

FIGHT

B8

My father was the only man who did not run /didn’t run away at Bladensburg.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время в прошлом.)

NOT RUN

B9

My husband was killed at Monterrey.”
(past simple passive, он был убит, а не убил)

KILL

B10

“I guess, madam,” said Lincoln, “your familyhas done / have done enough for the country. It is time to give somebody else a chance.”
(present perfect, т.к. цитата. Твоя семья сделала “уже” достаточно, есть результат)

DO

Тест №10 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Does it ever snow in Brazil?

B4

During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities known for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici.
(известные)

 KNOW

B5

These cities are all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year.
(they — are)

 BE

B6

Brazil is thought to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed.
(present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. О Бразилии думают, а не Бразилия думает)

THINK

The North Pole is melting

B7

Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far quicker rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.
(степень сравнения)

 QUICK

B8

The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also less sea ice in the Arctic Ocean.
(степень сравнения)

 LITTLE

B9

It happens because ice floats/has floatedinto the Atlantic Ocean.
(present simple, лёд плывет в Атлантический океан – общее утверждение. 
present  perfect, автор хочет показать, что лёд плывет в Атлантический океан, и уже есть результат)

FLOAT

B10

Scientists say that the lack of ice represents clear proof that the planet is warming. Back in the past it could take three years to get through the waterway’s thick ice successfully, now — just a few weeks.
(present continues, т.к. это изменение, развитие. Планета постепенно нагревается)

WARM

Тест №11 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Russian inventions: holography

B4

Do you know what holography is? It is a technique based on lasers, which enable 3-D (three-dimensional) images to be made.
(основанная на)

 BASE

B5

In 1962, Soviet physicist Yuri Denisyuk cameup with the first reflection hologram also known as the “Denisyuk hologram”.
(past simple, т.к. событие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом, в 1962.)

COME

B6

Now the technology is used in most holographic displays and it was the first to allow multi-color image reproduction in holograms.
(present simple passive, т.к. технология используется, а не использует)

 USE

Grey hair

B7

Johnny noticed a change in his mother’s appearance. “Mommy, some of your hairs are turning / have turned grey. Why?” the curious child asked.
(present continuous, т.к. говорящий хочет сосредоточиться на процессе, становятся седыми. 
present perfect,т.к. говорящий сосредотачивается на результате, уже стали седые.)

TURN

B8

The mother tried to use this occasion to teach her child: “It is because of you, dear. Every bad action of yours shows on my hair.
(твоё действие)

 YOU

B9

It turns one my hairs grey!”
(present simple, 3-е лицо)

 TURN

B10

The child replied innocently: “Now I know why my grandmother has only grey hair on her head.” Most children are smarter than adults think.
(степень сравнения)

 SMART

Тест №12 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A cup of coffee

B4

Once I was travelling in Italy. It was a lovely day. I wandered along the street until I came upon some parasol-shaded tables which seemed to me very nice. I settled and opened my book.
(мне)

 I

B5

It was taking a long time for the waiter to arrive, but I was in no hurry. I was sure that the waiter would come soon.
(reported speech, т.к. мы переходим из прошлого в будущее.)

COME

B6

But finally, becoming impatient, I turned to signal for service and saw the neon sign. That was the worst moment … I discovered that I was sitting outside a store selling garden furniture.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

The Great Wall of China

B7

The Great Wall of China runs for 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China. It is one of the greatest wonders of the world.
(степень сравнения

 GREAT

B8

The Great Wall was built in order to protect the country form different aggressors.
(past simple passive, т.к. стена была построена, а не сама построила что-то)

BUILD

B9

The construction of the Wall began in the 6thcentury BC and lasted until the 16th century AD.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

BEGIN

B10

Since then, the Great Wall of China has become a Symbol of wisdom and bravery of the Chinese people and a monument to Chinese nation for many hundreds of years.
(present perfect, т.к. действие началось в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор)

BECOME

Тест №13 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A phone call

B4

Among the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called him.
(ему)

 HE

B5

A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and would come home late in the evening.
(reported speech, при переходе из прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

COME

B6

The worst moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B7

Later, however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn’t missed the exam.
(степень сравнения)

 LATE

 March 8 in Russia

B8

In English-speaking countries they celebrate Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day. In Russia we celebrate the International Women’s Day. Though it is called ‘International’, it is observed only in Russia and some CIS countries.
(present simple passive, т.к. это называется, а не само называет)

CALL

B9

Boys and men bring flowers and small presents to girls and women they work or study with.
(man – ед.ч. men – мн.ч.)

 MAN

B10

It has become a tradition for husbands to do all house work on that day. There are many jokes about it being the only day of the year when they do this.
(present perfect, т.к. действие началось в прошлом, и продолжается до настоящего)

BECOME

Тест №14 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Singing in the car

B4

My elder brother likes all kinds of music. He prefers jazz but also listens to pop music and sometimes goes to classical music concerts. But when driving me in his car, he insists on listening to heavy-metal music.
(меня)

 I

B5

For a long time I couldn’t/could notunderstand why he was doing  it.
(can – настоящее время, could – прошедшее время)

 NOT CAN

B6

He knew very well that for me it was theworst kind of music.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B7

One day I decided to ask him why he always chose this type while driving. “Well, sister,” he reluctantly replied, “to be frank, it’s mainly so you can’t sing along.” He added that he would listen to anything else if only I promised not to sing along.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

LISTEN

St. Patrick’s Day, March 17

B8

St. Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. On March 17 there is a great celebration with the major parade in Dublin and smaller parades all over Ireland. In New York the first St.Patrick’s Day celebration took place in 1762.
(первый)

 ONE

B9

On March 15, 1992 St. Patrick’s Day was celebrated in Moscow. Thousands of delighted Muscovites gathered at Novy Arbat to watch the parade of marching bands, Cossack horsemen and floats of Russian and Irish companies.
(past simple passive, т.к. этот день празднуется, а не он сам что-то празднует)

CELEBRATE

B10

Since then, St. Patrick’s Day parades have been held in Moscow every year.
(present perfect passive, т.к. действие началось в прошлом и продолжается по сей день)

HOLD

Тест №15 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Excuses, excuses…

B4

For years my husband, Tom, and I had complained bitterly about the lack of sidewalks in our village. We didn’t have enough exercise but we couldn’t / could not jog because there were no sidewalks.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

B5

Tom had often told me, «If only we had sidewalks, we would jog or walk daily and become models of fitness».
(мне)

 I

B6

So we were thrilled when a community sidewalk project was announced, and watched eagerly as paving neared completion. Then theworst thing happened: wishful thinking and reality collided.
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

B7

«Well, dear,» Tom said. «What’ll we use as an excuse for not walking now?» I said I would think of some excuse.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

THINK

 Memorial Day

B8

In the USA, Memorial Day is the last Monday in May. Memorial Day was declared a national holiday in 1971.
(past simple passive, т.к. этот день был провозглашён, а не сам что-то провозгласил)

DECLARE

B9

But the tradition of honoring those who died in defense of their country goes back to the Civil War. The tradition to hold memorial services, visit the cemeteries, decorate the graves with flowers and wreaths originated in Waterloo, New York, in 1866.
(их)

 THEY

B10

Since then, the tradition has changed. Nowadays, on Memorial Day Americans honor not only soldiers who perished in wars but those loved ones who have died.
(present perfect, т.к. традиция изменилась и остается изменённой до сих пор)

CHANGE

Тест №16 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

As old as a brontosaurus

B4

As we walked around the Prehistoric Park in Calgary, I had my six- year-old son, Jordie, pose for a picture with a brontosaurus in the background. After I took the photo, I couldn’t/ could not help crying.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

B5

«What’s wrong, Моm?» Jordie asked. I explained that when I was his age, my parents had taken my picture standing in exactly the same spot, and I was feeling rather nostalgic. I added that perhaps one day he would takehis son’s picture here.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

TAKE

B6

Puzzled, he looked several times from the brontosaurus to me.
(мне)

 I

B7

And then came the worst moment of my life. My son said, «But … when you were a girl … it was alive then, right?»
(bad – worse — the worst)

 BAD

 Victory Day

B8

On this day, Russia celebrates the victory over Nazi Germany and honours 20 million Soviet people who died in the war. May 9 was chosen, since on the night of the 8th/9th of 1945, the Nazi Germany surrendered to the Soviet Union and the Allies in Berlin.
(past simple passive, т.к. этот день был выбран, а не сам что-то выбрал)

CHOOSE

B9

In Russia, almost every family has at least one person who took part in the war.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

TAKE

B10

Older citizens who did not fight during the war worked in factories to make weapons, which was not easier than fighting. They, too, are honoured on Victory Day.
(степень сравнения)

 EASY

Тест №17 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A Smart Boy

B4

Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their wives were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited Mr. Brown to a small party.
(wife – ед.число, wives – мн.ч.)

 WIFE

B5

Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He was surprised very much by his telephone conversation.
(past simple passive, он был удивлён, а не он удивил кого-то)

SURPRISE

B6

When he came back Mr. Jones asked him, “Have you spoken to your wife already?” “No, she wasn’t/was not there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, “Is your mother there?” And he said, “She is somewhere outside”.
(past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)

NOT BE

B7

“Why is she outside?” I asked. “She is lookingfor me”, he answered.
(present continues, т.к. действие происходит в настоящий для говорящего момент)

LOOK

Maslenitsa

B8

Have you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the most popular festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring.
(степень сравнения)

 POPULAR

B9

Russian pancakes — blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini are eaten with jam, sour cream, and of course, lots of butter.
(present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. Также, блины едят, а не сами блины едят кого-то)

EAT

B10

Warm, round, and golden — blini are the symbol of the sun! Ancient Russians actually believed that when eating a pancake, theywere getting a part of the Sun’s life energy.
(past continues, т.к. это параллельное действие, когда они ели, они получали)

GET

Тест №18 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Natural Wonders: Meteor Crater

B4

Some of the natural wonders are known for their beauty. The Meteor Crater is not one of them. It looks like a big hole in the desert. Itwas caused by a meteorite hitting the earth thousands of years ago.
(past simple passive, т.к. метеоритный удар по земле послужил причиной, а не большая дыра в земле послужила причиной )

CAUSE

B5

The crater is 4,145 feet across, and 570 feet deep. It is the largest impact crater in the entire world.
(степень сравнения)

 LARGE

B6

When Europeans discovered it in 1871, theythought it was the top of a volcano.
(past simple, т.к. говорится об определенном событии в прошлом)

THINK

B7

Since then, scientists have explored/have been exploring the crater for many years, but there are still many secrets and mysteries hiding inside it.
(present perfect, т.к. говорящий хочет акцентировать внимание на результате. Исследование началось с какого-то момента в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор.

present perfect continues, т.к. говорящий хочет акцентировать внимание больше на процессе, который начался в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор. )

EXPLORE

 It was simple

B8

One day last summer my nine-year-old daughter went off to the camp. All her thingswere packed in a small bag.
(past simple passive, т.к. её вещи были упакованы, а не сами упаковали ч.л.)

PACK

B9

Two weeks later, Anna came back home and I unpacked her things. Everything was clean and well folded. “Camp sure has changed you. Your things look much better than usual.”
(степень сравнения)

 GOOD

B10

“It was simple, Mom,” she answered. “I didn’t unpack. Many children did the same.”
(child – ед.ч, children – мн.ч.)

 CHILD

Тест №19 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The Climate of Russia

B4

Russia has a varied climate. Almost all of Russia is situated in the North Temperature Zone.
(present simple passive, т.к. она находится, а не она расположила)

SITUATE

B5

The climate is continental; however, the fluctuations in temperature are greater than in other European countries.
(степень сравнения)

 GREAT

B6

The extreme north is a cold bare region — the tundra. For more than six months it is buriedin snow.
(present simple passive, т.к. она находится, а не она расположила)

BURY

B7

This region can be called the land offrozen rivers.
(замёрзший)

 FREEZE

B8

In May the temperature begins to rise. The gloomy night is succeeded by continuous daylight, when the sun does not sink/doesn’tsink below the horizon for several months.
(present simple, т.к. это общее утверждение. это происходит всегда, регулярно.)

NOT SINK

B9

The better part of Russia is not influenced by the warm winds of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. There are no mountains in the north to form a barrier against the cold windsblowing from the Arctic Ocean.
(дующий)

 BLOW

B10

The extreme west of Russia has a temperate climate. Thus, the summers in the Baltic are cool and the winters mild. If we go further/farther east, the climate will become more continental.
(степень сравнения)

 FAR

Тест №20 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Who really discovered America?

B4

Everybody knows that Christopher Columbus discovered America. Was he really the first to reach the continent? The great Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdal believed that ancient people were able to build boats that couldcross oceans.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 CAN

B5

То test his ideas, Heyerdal decided to build a copy of the ancient Egyptian boat and sail across the Atlantic. On May 25, 1969 the boat called Ra left a port in Morocco and headed across the widest part of the Atlantic.
(степень сравнения)

 WIDE

B6

On May 17, 1970 Ra successfully crossed the Atlantic, proving that ancient civilizations had enough skill to reach America long before Columbus.
(доказывая)

 PROVE

Greek myths: Apollo and Cassandra

B7

In ancient Greece there were many temples built for Apollo. He was the god of youth, beauty, music and poetry. Besides, Apollo had one very special skill — he could see the future. One day Apollo came to the temple in Troy. Among other women he saw Cassandra, a young and beautiful priestess, who worked at the temple.
(woman – ед.ч., women – мн.ч.)

 WOMAN

B8

Apollo was impressed by her grace.
(past simple passive, т.к. он был впечатлён, а не он впечатлил)

IMPRESS

B9

The minute Apollo saw Cassandra, he fell in love. It was love at first sight. Apollo offered her a deal. He would give Cassandra the gift of being able to see the future, if she gave him a kiss. Cassandra agreed.
(past simple, т.к. это случилось тогда, в определённый момент в прошлом, fall-fell-fallen)

FALL

B10

With a laugh, Apollo gave her the gift,dreaming about the reward. Instantly, Cassandra could see the future. She saw Apollo, in the future, helping to destroy Troy.
(мечтая)

 DREAM

Тест №21 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The Emperor’s Seed

B4

Once there lived an old emperor who had no children. He couldn’t /could not choose his successor for a long time.
(could – прошедшая форма от can)

 NOT CAN

B5

Then he called all the young people in the kingdom together and said, «I’ll give each one of you a seed today. I want you to go home, plant it, water it and come back here one year from today with what you have grown from this one seed.» A boy named Ling also got a seed. He came home and told his mother that he would grow the best plant.
(reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)

GROW

B6

She helped him plant the seed. Every day he watered it but nothing grew.
(ему)

 HE

B7

A year passed and Ling took his empty pot to the palace while all the rest brought some beautiful plants. The emperor said, «Lying is the worst thing in the world. I gave you all spoilt seeds. Nothing grows from spoilt seeds.» So Ling became the new emperor.
(bad–worse-the worst)

 BAD

 Roald Dahl

 B8

Roald Dahl, a famous British writer, was Norwegian by birth. Dahl was named after the Polar explorer Roald Amundsen, a national hero in Norway at the time. During the Second World War Dahl served in the Royal Air Force as a fighter pilot.
(past simple passive, т.к. он был назван, а не он назвал к.л.)

NAME

B9

Dahl became well-known in 1940s with works for both children and adults.
(child – ед.число, children – мн.число)

 CHILD

B10

One of his highly popular tales was ‘Charlie and the Chocolate Factory’. Since 1945 his books have been published in almost 50 languages.
(present perfect passive, т.к. действие началось в прошлом, и не закончилось до сих пор.)

PUBLISH

Задание 403

The
North Pole is melting

Do you know how the global warming
affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology
shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far __________________ rate than
anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.

QUICK

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами B4 – B10, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

Решение:

quicker

Грант-на-вуз

Другие задачи на эту тему

2 Ïðîâåðüòå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèÿ â ñïèñêå ñëîâ. Êàê ìîãëè ýòè âåùè áûòü ñâÿçàíû ñ Àíòàðêòèäîé? Ïðî÷èòàéòå òåêñò, ÷òîáû óçíàòü.

• ïàðíèêîâûå ãàçû • ñæèãàíèå èñêîïàåìîãî òîïëèâà • ðîñò ìèðîâûõ òåìïåðàòóð • òàÿíèå ëüäà

• àâàíòþðíûå òóðèñòû • âûáðîñû óãëåêèñëîãî ãàçà • ãëîáàëüíîå ïîòåïëåíèå

Çîâ Àíòàðêòèäû. Ïîñëåäíÿÿ Âåëèêàÿ Ïóñòûíÿ íà Çåìëå

Ñòî ëåò íàçàä âåëèêèå èññëåäîâàòåëè Ñêîòò, Øåêëòîí è Àìóíäñåí ïåðâûìè äîñòèãëè Þæíîãî ïîëþñà. Ñåãîäíÿ ïåðåä ïðåêðàñíûì çàìîðîæåííûì êîíòèíåíòîì Àíòàðêòèäà ñòîèò íåñêîëüêî î÷åíü ðàçíûõ ïðîáëåì…

Ãëîáàëüíîå ïîòåïëåíèå

Ãëîáàëüíîå ïîòåïëåíèå íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷åì-òî íîâûì. Ìû âñå çíàåì, ÷òî ñæèãàíèå èñêîïàåìîãî òîïëèâà, âûáðîñîâ ïàðíèêîâûõ ãàçîâ è îáåçëåñåíèå (deforestation) 1) âûçûâàþò ïîâûøåíèå òåìïåðàòóðû â ìèðå. Íî 2) çà ïîñëåäíèå 50 ëåò òåìïåðàòóðà Àíòàðêòèäû óâåëè÷èëàñü ïðèìåðíî íà 3 ãðàäóñà, ïðèìåðíî â 10 ðàç áîëüøå, ÷åì â îñòàëüíûõ ÷àñòÿõ ìèðà!  ðåçóëüòàòå, ëåäíèêè è ìîðñêèå ëüäû òàþò, à øåëüôîâûå ëåäíèêè ñðûâàþòñÿ â ìîðå, ÷òî ÿâëÿåòñÿ î÷åíü ïëîõîé íîâîñòüþ! Åñëè Àíòàðêòè÷åñêèé ïëîòíûé ïîëÿðíûé (polar) ëåäíèêîâûé ïîêðîâ, 3) äåéñòâèòåëüíî, ðàñòàåò, òî îæèäàåòñÿ íå òîëüêî íàãðåâ ïî âñåìó ìèðó, íî è íà ãëîáàëüíîì óðîâíå ìîðå ìîæåò ïîäíÿòüñÿ íà 6 ìåòðîâ, çàòîïèâ (flooding) ìíîãèå ïðèáðåæíûå ðàéîíû. Ýòî î÷åíü áåñïîêîèò, òàê êàê ïî÷òè âñå ãîðîäà ñ áîëåå ÷åì 10 ìèëëèîíîâ ÷åëîâåê 4) íàõîäÿòñÿ íà ïîáåðåæüå!

Åùå îäíîé ïðîáëåìîé ÿâëÿåòñÿ òî, ÷òî òàÿíèå ëüäîâ ôîðìèðóåò îáëàêà, êîòîðûå 5) ïðèâîäÿò ê ñèëüíûì ñíåãîïàäàì. Ýòî ìîæåò ñäåëàòü æèçíü î÷åíü òðóäíîé äëÿ íåêîòîðûõ äèêèõ æèâîòíûõ â Àíòàðêòèêå, íàïðèìåð, ïèíãâèíîâ, ÷üè ÿéöà ìîãóò èñïîðòèòüñÿ â ãëóáîêîì ñíåãó. Ó÷åíûå òàêæå áåñïîêîÿòñÿ î ïîâûøåíèè òåìïåðàòóðû ìîðÿ. Ìîðå ñåé÷àñ âñåãî íà 2 ãðàäóñà òåïëåå, à ìîëëþñêè íå ìîãóò ïîãðóæàòüñÿ (bury) íà ìîðñêîå äíî, Ìîëëþñêè-êîëïà÷êè íå ìîãóò ïåðåâåðíóòüñÿ, à Ñêàëîïû (îäèí èç âèäîâ äâóñòâîð÷àòûõ ìîëëþñêîâ) íå ìîãóò ïëàâàòü. Ýòèõ ñóùåñòâ õèùíèêàì (predators) òåïåðü ïîéìàòü ëåã÷å, 6) à èìåííî îò íèõ çàâèñèò âñÿ ïèùåâàÿ öåïü. Ýòî íå áóäåò äîëãî ïðîäîëæàòüñÿ, ïîêà âñ¸ áîëüøå ïòèö è æèâîòíûõ, òàêèõ êàê êèòû, òþëåíè è ìîðñêèõ ëüâîâ íàõîäÿòñÿ ïîä óãðîçîé èñ÷åçíîâåíèÿ, åñëè òåìïåðàòóðà ìîðÿ ïðîäîëæèò ðàñòè!

Âëèÿíèå ÷åëîâåêà

Àíòàðêòèäà íàçûâàåòñÿ «Ïîñëåäíåé Âåëèêîé Ïóñòûíåé (wilderness) íà Çåìëå» íå áåç 7) ïðè÷èí! Íè îäíà ñòðàíà åé íå âëàäååò, è òàì íå æèâóò íèêàêèå êîðåííûå æèòåëè. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ÷èñòûé âîçäóõ, âîäà è ëåä äåëàåò åãî èäåàëüíûì ìåñòîì äëÿ ó÷åíûõ 8) äëÿ ïðîâåäåíèÿ èññëåäîâàíèé. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, Àíòàðêòèäà ñòàëà êðóïíåéøåé â ìèðå ëàáîðàòîðèåé! Ìíîãèå ñòðàíû 9) ñîçäàëè òàì íàó÷íûå áàçû, ýòî îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî íàñåëåíèå â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ êîëåáëåòñÿ (rangers) îò îêîëî 1000 çèìîé è îêîëî 4000 ëåòîì. Êðîìå òîãî, 30 000 àâàíòþðíûõ òóðèñòîâ òåïåðü ïîñåùàþò Àíòàðêòèäó êàæäûé ãîä. Êàçàëîñü áû, êàêàÿ õîðîøàÿ èäåÿ ïîñåòèòü ñîâåðøåííî íåòðîíóòûå ìåñòà, ïîëíûå óäèâèòåëüíûõ ïåéçàæåé (scenery), äèêîé ïðèðîäû, ëåäíèêîâ è àéñáåðãîâ, íî âåçäå, ãäå åñòü ëþäè, åñòü âîçäåéñòâèå (impact) íà îêðóæàþùóþ ñðåäó, òàêèå êàê ìóñîð, âûáðîñû óãëåêèñëîãî ãàçà â ðåçóëüòàòå ñæèãàíèÿ òîïëèâà è çàãðÿçíåíèÿ îêðóæàþùåé ñðåäû ñ ñóäîâ. Åñëè ìû íå áóäåì îñòîðîæíû, êàê ó÷åíûå, òàê è òóðèñòû, ýòî ìîæåò 10) ïðèâåñòè ê ïîâðåæäåíèþ îñîáåííîñòåé (qualities), êîòîðûå òàê ïðèâëåêàþò (draw) ëþäåé â Àíòàðêòèäó!

Ðåøåíèå #

greenhouse gases: a cause of global warming that is destroying the Antarctica (ïàðíèêîâûå ãàçû: ïðè÷èíà ãëîáàëüíîãî ïîòåïëåíèÿ, êîòîðîå ðàçðóøàåò Àíòàðêòèäó)

burning fossil fuels: another cause of global warming that is destroying Antarctica (ñæèãàíèå èñêîïàåìîãî òîïëèâà: äðóãàÿ ïðè÷èíà ãëîáàëüíîãî ïîòåïëåíèÿ, êîòîðîå ðàçðóøàåò Àíòàðêòèäó)

rising world temperatures: the rise of world temperatures is causing the ice to melt in Antarctica and destroying the habit of many animals there (ïîâûøåíèå ìèðîâîé òåìïåðàòóðû: ïîäíÿòèå ìèðîâîé òåìïåðàòóðû âûçûâàåò òàÿíèå ëüäîâ â Àíòàðêòèäå è ðàçðóøàåò ìåñòà îáèòàíèÿ ìíîãèõ æèâîòíûõ òàì)

melting ice: the problem of melting ice of Antarctica is causing the sea levels to rise.(òàÿíèå ëåäíèêîâ: ïðîáëåìà òàÿíèÿ ëüäà â Àíòàðêòèäå âûçûâàåò ïîâûøåíèå óðîâíÿ ìîðÿ)

adventurous tourist: tourist go on tours of the Antarctica (àâàíòþðíûå òóðèñòû: òóðèñòû, èñïîëüçóþùèå òóðû íà Àíòàðêòèäó)

C02 emissions: pollution such as C02 emissions is threatening the Antarctica (âûáðîñû óãëåêèñëîãî ãàçà: çàãðÿçíåíèå, òàêîå êàê âûáðîñû óãëåêèñëîãî ãàçà, óãðîæàåò Àíòàðêòèäå)

global warming: is destroying the Antarctica and the animals that live there (ãëîáàëüíîå ïîòåïëåíèå: ðàçðóøàåò Àíòàðêòèäó è æèâîòíûõ, êîòîðûå îáèòàþò òàì)

Ïðèâåäåì âûäåðæêó èç çàäàíèÿ èç ó÷åáíèêà Þëèÿ Âàóëèíà, Äæóííè Äóëè 9 êëàññ, Ïðîñâåùåíèå:

2 Check the collocations in the Word List. How could these things be related to Antarctica? Read the text to find out.

• greenhouse gases • burning fossil fuels • rising world temperatures • melting ice

• adventurous tourists

• C02 emissions • global warming

A hundred years ago. the great explorers Scott, Shackleton and Amundsen were racing to be the first to reach the South Pole. Today, the beautiful frozen continent of Antarctica is facing some very different challenges …

Global warming

Global warming is nothing new. We all know that burning fossil fuels, greenhouse gases and deforestation are 1 ……..world temperatures to rise. But 2 ……..the past 50 years, Antarctica’s temperatures have increased by about 3 C, around 10 times more than the rest of the world! As a result, glaciers and sea ice are melting and ice shelves are breaking off into the sea, which is very bad news! If Antarctica’s thick. polar ice sheet 3 ……..melts, not only will the world heat up generally, but global sea levels could rise by about 6 metres, flooding many coastal areas. This is extremely worrying, as almost every city with over 10 million people is 4 ……..the coast!

Another problem is that melting ice forms clouds, which 5 ……..to more snowfall. This can make life very difficult for some of the wildlife in Antarctica, such as penguins, whose eggs rot in the snow.

Scientists are also worrying about rising sea temperatures. In seas just 2 Ñ warmer, mollusks cannot bury themselves in the seabed, limpets cannot turn over and scallops can’t swim. These creatures are then caught more easily by predators and the 6 ……..food chain is affected. It won’t be long, therefore, before larger birds and animals such as whales, seals and sealions are endangered if sea temperatures continue to rise!

Human Impact

Antarctica isn’t called ‘the Earth’s last great wilderness’ for no 7 ……..! No country owns it and no native people live there. Therefore, its clean air, water and ice make it the perfect place for scientists to 8 ……..out research. Therefore. Antarctica has become the world’s largest laboratory! Many countries have 9 ……..scientific bases there, which means that the population now ranges from about 1.000 in winter to about 4,000 in summer. Also, 30,000 adventurous tourists now visit Antarctica each year. It might seem like a nice idea to visit a totally unspoilt place full of amazing scenery, wildlife, glaciers and icebergs, but wherever there are humans, there is impact on the environment such as rubbish. C02 emissions from burning fuel and pollution from boats. If we are not careful, both scientists and tourists may 10 ……..the very qualities that draw them to Antarctica!

*Öèòèðèðîâàíèå ÷àñòè çàäàíèÿ ñî ññûëêîé íà ó÷åáíèê ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî â ó÷åáíûõ öåëÿõ äëÿ ëó÷øåãî ïîíèìàíèÿ ðàçáîðà ðåøåíèÿ çàäàíèÿ.

Подробности
74418
verbitckaya2    
Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В4-В11 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения. TEST 10 (part 1)

Does it ever snow in Brazil?

B4

During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities known for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici.
(Participle II, “известные”, подходит по смысловому контексту)

 KNOW

B5

These cities are all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year.
(they — are)

 BE

B6

Brazil is thought to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed.
(present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. О Бразилии думают, а не Бразилия думает)

THINK

The North Pole is melting

B7

Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far quicker rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.
(степень сравнения)

 QUICK

B8

The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also less sea ice in the Arctic Ocean.
(степень сравнения)

 LITTLE

B9

It happens because ice floats/has floated into the Atlantic Ocean.
(present simple, лёд плывет в Атлантический океан – общее утверждение. 
present  perfect, автор хочет показать, что лёд плывет в Атлантический океан, и уже есть результат)

FLOAT

B10

Scientists say that the lack of ice represents clear proof that the planet is warming. Back in the past it could take three years to get through the waterway’s thick ice successfully, now — just a few weeks.
(present continuous, т.к. это изменение, развитие. Планета постепенно нагревается)

WARM

n01n02n03n04n05n06n07n08n09n10n11n12n13n14n15n16n17n18n19n2021

Источник

Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами А–G и заголовками 1–8. В ответ запишите цифры, в порядке, соответствующем буквам. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

1.  Residents of the North Pole

2.  Born to live in cold weather

3.  Life is getting harder

4.  Sometimes they are similar to us

5.  Hunting strategies

6.  Home upbringing for bears

7.  Changes in population

8.  Good food is important

A. Polar bears started to evolve from brown bears about 5 million years ago. Unlike bears living on land, they are white in colour and their fur is very thick. It helps them to survive on sea ice and swim in cold waters. Polar bears are really big  — adult males normally weigh from 350 to 550 kg. Females are smaller. The bears’ large paws distribute their weight when they move on thin ice, and their tails are short to conserve heat.

B. Polar bears occupy one of the planet’s coldest environments, the Arctic. They prefer northern areas like Canada, Greenland, Alaska, Russia and Norway. Scientists have identified 19 populations of polar bears spread across four different regions of the Arctic. Although many children’s books show polar bears and penguins together, the two are found at different poles.

C. These Arctic giants have no natural enemies. Their diet is based on seals. Other sources of food for polar bears are Arctic plants, and also geese, bird eggs and fish. They can eat a wide range of foods but only marine mammals, like seals and beluga whales, are able to provide them with all the necessary proteins and vitamins to survive in the icy environment.

D. Bears catch seals from ice platforms. They usually wait for seals near their breathing holes  — the openings in the ice the seals use to breathe. In autumn, seals cut out breathing holes in the ice and keep them through the winter and polar bears locate the holes with their powerful sense of smell. Polar bears can also attack seals sleeping on the ice.

E. Polar bears spend lots of time hunting seals on sea ice or from large drifting blocks of ice. However, due to global warming sea ice is melting. As a result, bears have to hunt in the water, which is less successful and very risky. Polar bears are good swimmers but they cannot swim long distances and often drown. They don’t have enough food to gain enough fat and their newborn cubs are weaker than they used to be.

F. Normally, a female bear builds a den (a tunnel in the ice with two rooms) where she gives birth to two cubs. They are born very small, only about half a kilo, but they grow quickly on their mother’s rich milk. For about two years, cubs depend totally on their mothers for food and for survival skills  — the mothers teach them how to hunt and survive in the harsh realities of life.

G. Native people, who have lived side by side with polar bears for centuries, say that in many ways bears are like humans. When they are not busy hunting, they play, mock fight or chase each other. Their nose-to-nose greeting usually means some request, for example, a request for food. Some scientists claim they have watched polar bears sharing their food and even performing some eating rituals like greeting their host and saying thank you after a meal.

Текст A B C D E F G
Заголовок                                                        
Источник

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