13002. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1) Staying in Shape is Important
2) Threat to Your Eyesight
3) Don’t Ignore Warning Signs
4) Use Alternative Medicine
5) Fat People Are at Risk
6) Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea
7) Choose Proper Nutrition
Prevention Is Better Than Cure
A. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
B. Hey, couch potato! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows — use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risks.
C. Regular checkups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health. Taking proper care of your health at the right time can help avoid a lot of problems in the future. The main aim of a checkup is to detect illness at an early stage. It’s good to find out that you have a health problem before it is too late so appropriate tests should be done at the right time.
D. Do you mainly exercise for a few weeks in January before you forget your New Year’s resolution, and then again when you realise your summer holiday is around the corner? You’d not be alone, but keeping fit is something you should do all year round. You might not be particularly bothered about your appearance or your weight, but keeping fit is as much about what’s on the inside as it is what’s on the outside.
E. Pain is our body’s means to indicate that something is wrong and requires immediate attention. Pain for a short time can be taken care of by a painkiller but if the soreness is lingering for too long, then it requires proper medical expertise. Sometimes life menacing problems have back pain and joint pain as symptoms and can, if neglected, do permanent damage.
F. Think about your car — the higher the grade of the fuel you put in it, the better it runs. Your body works the same way. If you eat healthy foods, you’ll be healthier and feel better. Eating well is easy if you’re aware of what foods are best for you. But don’t worry! Eating healthy food doesn’t mean eliminating every single thing you love from your diet.
G. Do you spend more than 3 hours a day working or maybe playing on a computer? If so, you are at a higher risk than casual computer users. Researchers warn that watching a computer screen for six or more hours a day might be linked to a progressive eye disease. This does not mean, however, that people who work on a computer for less than 3 hours a day will not suffer eye complications due to computer use.
Задание №6429.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому
Установите соответствие между заголовками 1 — 8 и текстами A — G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. Don’t Ignore Warning Signs
2. Use Alternative Medicine
3. Staying in Shape is Important
4. Threat to Your Eyesight
5. Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea
6. Fat People Are at Risk
7. Prevention Is Better Than Cure
8. Choose Proper Nutrition
A. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
B. Hey, couch potato! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows — use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risks.
C. Regular checkups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health. Taking proper care of your health at the right time can help avoid a lot of problems in the future. The main aim of a checkup is to detect illness at an early stage. It’s good to find out that you have a health problem before it is too late so appropriate tests should be done at the right time.
D. Do you mainly exercise for a few weeks in January before you forget your New Year’s resolution, and then again when you realise your summer holiday is around the corner? You’d not be alone, but keeping fit is something you should do all year round. You might not be particularly bothered about your appearance or your weight, but keeping fit is as much about what’s on the inside as it is what’s on the outside.
E. Pain is our body’s means to indicate that something is wrong and requires immediate attention. Pain for a short time can be taken care of by a painkiller but if the soreness is lingering for too long, then it requires proper medical expertise. Sometimes life menacing problems have back pain and joint pain as symptoms and can, if neglected, do permanent damage.
F. Think about your car — the higher the grade of the fuel you put in it, the better it runs. Your body works the same way. If you eat healthy foods, you’ll be healthier and feel better. Eating well is easy if you’re aware of what foods are best for you. But don’t worry! Eating healthy food doesn’t mean eliminating every single thing you love from your diet.
G. Do you spend more than 3 hours a day working or maybe playing on a computer? If so, you are at a higher risk than casual computer users. Researchers warn that watching a computer screen for six or more hours a day might be linked to a progressive eye disease. This does not mean, however, that people who work on a computer for less than 3 hours a day will not suffer eye complications due to computer use.
Решение:
Заголовок 6 (Fat People Are at Risk. — Толстые люди в группе риска) соответствует содержанию текста A: «There are numerous problems associated with obesity (obesity — ожирение).»
Заголовок 5 (Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea. — Превратите дурную привычку в хорошую идею) соответствует содержанию текста B: «… use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories.»
Заголовок 7 (Prevention Is Better Than Cure. — Профилактика лучше лечения) соответствует содержанию текста C: «Regular checkups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health.»
Заголовок 3 (Staying in Shape is Important. — Оставаться в форме важно) соответствует содержанию текста D: «… keeping fit is something you should do all year round.»
Заголовок 1 (Don’t Ignore Warning Signs. — Не игнорируйте предупреждающие знаки) соответствует содержанию текста E: «… if the soreness (soreness — болезненность) is lingering for too long, then it requires proper medical expertise.»
Заголовок 8 (Choose Proper Nutrition. — Выберите правильное питание) соответствует содержанию текста F: «If you eat healthy foods, you’ll be healthier and feel better.»
Заголовок 4 (Threat to Your Eyesight. — Угроза вашему зрению) соответствует содержанию текста G: «… might be linked to a progressive eye disease.»
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Источник: ЕГЭ-2018, английский язык: 30 тренировочных вариантов для подготовки к ЕГЭ. Е. С. Музланова
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Тест с похожими заданиями
13002. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1) Staying in Shape is Important
2) Threat to Your Eyesight
3) Don’t Ignore Warning Signs
4) Use Alternative Medicine
5) Fat People Are at Risk
6) Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea
7) Choose Proper Nutrition
Prevention Is Better Than Cure
A. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
B. Hey, couch potato! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows — use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risks.
C. Regular checkups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health. Taking proper care of your health at the right time can help avoid a lot of problems in the future. The main aim of a checkup is to detect illness at an early stage. It’s good to find out that you have a health problem before it is too late so appropriate tests should be done at the right time.
D. Do you mainly exercise for a few weeks in January before you forget your New Year’s resolution, and then again when you realise your summer holiday is around the corner? You’d not be alone, but keeping fit is something you should do all year round. You might not be particularly bothered about your appearance or your weight, but keeping fit is as much about what’s on the inside as it is what’s on the outside.
E. Pain is our body’s means to indicate that something is wrong and requires immediate attention. Pain for a short time can be taken care of by a painkiller but if the soreness is lingering for too long, then it requires proper medical expertise. Sometimes life menacing problems have back pain and joint pain as symptoms and can, if neglected, do permanent damage.
F. Think about your car — the higher the grade of the fuel you put in it, the better it runs. Your body works the same way. If you eat healthy foods, you’ll be healthier and feel better. Eating well is easy if you’re aware of what foods are best for you. But don’t worry! Eating healthy food doesn’t mean eliminating every single thing you love from your diet.
G. Do you spend more than 3 hours a day working or maybe playing on a computer? If so, you are at a higher risk than casual computer users. Researchers warn that watching a computer screen for six or more hours a day might be linked to a progressive eye disease. This does not mean, however, that people who work on a computer for less than 3 hours a day will not suffer eye complications due to computer use.
Like the human population, obesity in pets is becoming an ever-bigger problem. Unfortunately there are numerous problems directly associated with pet obesity. This article will discuss some of the dangers associated with this condition.
Like the human population, obesity in pets is becoming an ever-bigger problem. Unfortunately there are numerous problems directly associated with pet obesity. This article will discuss some of the dangers associated with this condition.
Arthritis
One of the biggest dangers of pet obesity is arthritis. All of the excess weight will put unnecessary strain on your dogs joints, muscles, and bones. This can easily damage the tissue and lead to arthritis. The condition is painful in dogs just like it is in humans.
Diabetes
Another possible side effect of obesity in pets is diabetes mellitus. Thanks to the increase in the number of tissues, the pancreas will need to secrete more insulin. If it is unable to meet the demand, diabetes may develop.
Stamina
Pets that are overweight will also experience decreased stamina. It takes a lot more energy to carry all of the excess weight around. The respiratory system and heart will have to work that much harder. Therefore, your pet will likely have less energy.
Hypertension
Pet obesity can also lead to hypertension. In overweight pets, the heart is required to supply blood to extra tissues. The increased workload can easily cause high blood pressure, or hypertension. A more serious condition known as congestive heart failure can also develop.
Reproduction
It is common for pets that are obese to have trouble with reproduction. Females will likely experience problems while trying to give birth. They may be unable to do so naturally, which would require having a C-section.
Surgery
Some pets have to have surgery at some point in their lives for one reason or another. Anesthesia is particularly risky in overweight pets. Two common risks include poor blood circulation as well as cardiac arrest.
Breathing
Pet obesity can also cause the lungs to function improperly. Fat in the chest can prevent the lungs from expanding fully. Since they cannot expand fully, they will not be able to fully supply oxygen to all of the tissues that need it. This can lead to breathing problems.
There are many dangers associated with pet obesity. Arthritis can develop as well as diabetes mellitus. Overweight pets may also develop hypertension or have trouble breathing. If your pet needs surgery
, anesthesia may pose a significantly higher risk. Females may also have trouble giving birth naturally and may require a C-section. It is best for you prevent obesity by providing a proper diet and plenty of exercise. Keep your pet fit and trim for a long healthy life.
Source: Free Articles from ArticlesFactory.com
If you want your pet to have the healthiest and longest lives possible, call Lake Oswego Vet Vet Clinic at http://www.murrayhillvethospital.com/. They also offer pet boarding, show standard grooming services, convenient on-line pharmacy, and pet adoption program.
The health problems associated with obesity are numerous. Obesity is not just a cosmetic problem. It’s a health hazard. Someone who is 40% overweight is twice as likely to die prematurely as is a normal-weight person. Obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions, including:
· Heart disease and stroke.
· High blood pressure.
· Diabetes.
· Cancer.
· Gallbladder disease and gallstones.
· Osteoarthritis.
· Gout.
· Breathing problems, such as sleep apnea (when a person stops breathing for a short episodes during sleep) and asthma.
Doctors agree that the more overweight a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. People who are overweight or obese are at increased risk for chronic disease compared to normal-weight individuals People who are overweight or obese and can gain significant health benefits from losing weight. A person is considered obese if he or she weighs at least 20% more than the maximum healthy weight for his or her height. Those at greatest risks for overweight/obesity related conditions include:
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· Family history of certain chronic diseases. People with close relatives who have had heart disease or diabetes are more likely to develop these problems if they are obese.
· Pre-existing medical conditions. High blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, or high blood sugar levels are all warning signs of some obesity-associated diseases.
· “Apple” shape. People whose weight is concentrated around their stomachs may be at greater risk of developing heart disease, diabetes or cancer than people of the same weight who are “pear-shaped” (they carry their weight in their hips and buttocks).
Fortunately, even a modest weight loss of 10 to 20 pounds can bring significant health improvements, such as lowering one’s blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
How Is Obesity Linked to Heart Disease and Stroke?
Heart disease and stroke are the leading causes of death and disability for people in the U.S. Overweight people are more likely to have high blood pressure, a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke, than people who are not overweight. Very high blood levels of cholesterol can also increase risk of heart disease and often are linked to being overweight.
The good news is that losing a small amount of weight can reduce your chances of developing heart disease or a stroke. If you are overweight, reducing your weight by 5%-10% is proven to decrease your chance of developing heart disease.
How Is Obesity Linked to Diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes reduces your body’s ability to control blood sugar. It is a major cause of early death, heart disease, stroke, and blindness. Overweight people are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes compared to normal-weight people. Most cases of type 2 diabetes can be attributed to being overweight or obese. You can reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes by losing weight, eating a balanced diet, getting adequate sleep, and exercising more. If you have type 2 diabetes, losing weight and becoming more physically active can help control your blood sugar levels. Increasing your physical activity may also allow you to reduce the amount of diabetes medication you need.
How Is Obesity and Cancer Linked?
Several types of cancer are associated with being overweight. Being obese increases the risk of dying from cancer. Cancers of the colon, breast (postmenopausal), endometrium (the lining of the uterus), kidney, and esophagus are associated with obesity. Some studies have also reported links between obesity and cancers of the gallbladder, ovaries, and pancreas.
How Is Obesity Related to Gallbladder Disease?
Gallbladder disease and gallstones are more common if you are overweight. Your risk of disease increases as your weight increases. It is not clear how being overweight may cause gallbladder disease.
Ironically, weight loss itself, particularly rapid weight loss or loss of a large amount of weight, can actually increase your chances of developing gallstones. Modest, slow weight loss of about 1 pound a week is less likely to cause gallstones.
How Does Obesity Affect Osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is a common joint condition that most often affects the knee, hip, and back. Carrying extra pounds places extra pressure on these joints and wear away the cartilage (tissue that cushions the joints) that normally protects them.
Weight loss can decrease stress on the knees, hips, and lower back and may improve the symptoms of osteoarthritis.
How Is Obesity Linked to Gout?
Gout is a disease that affects the joints that is caused by excess levels of a substance called uric acid in the blood. The excess uric acid can form crystals that deposit in the joints. Gout is more common in overweight people and the risk of developing the disorder increases with higher body weights.
Over the short term, sudden weight changes may lead to an attack of gout. If you have a history of gout, check with your doctor for the best way to lose weight.
How Is Obesity Linked to Sleep Apnea?
Sleep apnea is a serious breathing condition that is associated with being overweight. Sleep apnea can cause a person to snore heavily and to stop breathing for short periods during sleep. Sleep apnea may cause daytime sleepiness and increase risk for heart disease and stroke. The risk for sleep apnea increases as body weight increases. Weight loss often improves sleep apnea.
Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health or physical fitness, is a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue and/or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon and other connective tissue. It can occur unintentionally due to an underlying disease or can arise from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state.
Unintentional weight loss
Unintentional weight loss occurs in many diseases and conditions, including some very serious diseases such as cancer, AIDS, and a variety of other diseases.
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Poor management of type 1 diabetes mellitus, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), leads to an excessive amount of glucose and an insufficient amount of insulin in the bloodstream. This triggers the release of triglycerides from adipose (fat) tissue and catabolism (breakdown) of amino acids in muscle tissue. This results in a loss of both fat and lean mass, leading to a significant reduction in total body weight. Untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus can produce weight loss. In addition to weight loss due to a reduction in fat and lean mass, fluid loss can be triggered by illnesses such as diabetes, certain medications, lack of fluid intake or other factors. Fluid loss in addition to reduction in fat and lean mass exacerbates the risk for cachexia.[1]
Infections such as HIV may alter metabolism, leading to weight loss.[2]
Hormonal disruptions, such as an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), may also exhibit as weight loss.[3]
One cutoff value of where unintentional weight loss is of significant concern is where there’s a weight loss of more than 5% in the past month, or at least 10% during the last 6 months.[4]
Causes of unintentional weight loss
Starvation, a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period.
Cancer, a very common and sometimes fatal cause of unexplained (idiopathic) weight loss. About one-third of unintentional weight loss cases are secondary to malignancy. Cancers to suspect in patients with unexplained weight loss include gastrointestinal, prostate, hepatobillary (hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer), ovarian, hematologic or lung malignancies.
AIDS can cause weight loss and should be suspected in high-risk individuals presenting with weight loss.
Gastrointestinal disorders are another common cause of unexplained weight loss – in fact they are the most common non-cancerous cause of idiopathic weight loss. Possible gastrointestinal etiologies of unexplained weight loss are celiac disease, peptic ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease (crohns disease and ulcerative colitis), pancreatitis, gastritis, diarrhea and many other GI conditions can cause weight loss.
Infection. Some infectious diseases can cause weight loss. These include fungal illness, endocarditis, many parasitic diseases, AIDS, and some other sub-acute or occult infections may cause weight loss.
Renal disease. Patients who have uremia often have poor or absent appetite, emesis and nausea. This can cause weight loss.
Cardiac disease. Cardiovascular disease, especially congestive heart failure, may cause unexplained weight loss.
Pulmonary disease.
Connective tissue disease
Neurologic disease, including dementia[5]
In some people, certain medications may cause weight loss as a side effect.
Stress can cause weight loss. However recent research (Jastebott, Potenza et al. 2010) shows a correlation between obesity and high levels of stress.[6]
Intentional weight loss
This section needs additional citations for verification. (August 2011)
Intentional weight loss refers to the loss of total body mass in an effort to improve fitness and health, and/or to change appearance.
Therapeutic weight loss, in individuals who are overweight or obese, can decrease the likelihood of developing diseases such as diabetes,[7]heart disease,[8] high blood pressure,[8]osteoarthritis,[9] and certain types of cancer.[8] While being overweight had been thought[8] to be linked to stroke there is no strong evidence to support that link.[10]
Attention to diet in particular can be beneficial in reducing the impact of diabetes and other health risks of an overweight or obese individual.
Weight loss occurs when an individual is in a state of negative thermodynamic flux: when the body is exerting more energy (i.e. in work and metabolism) than it is consuming (i.e. from food or other nutritional supplements), it will use stored reserves from fat or muscle, gradually leading to weight loss.
It is not uncommon for some people who are currently at their ideal body weight to seek additional weight loss in order to improve athletic performance, and/or meet required weight classification for participation in a sport. However, others may be driven by achieving a more attractive body image. Notably, being underweight is associated with health risks such as difficulty fighting off infection, osteoporosis, decreased muscle strength, trouble regulating body temperature and even increased risk of death.[11]
There are many diet plans and recipes that can be helpful for weight loss. While some are classified as unhealthy and potentially harmful to one’s general health, others are recommended by specialists. Diet plans are generally designed according to the recommended caloric intake but it is important to note that the most successful diets are those that simultaneously promote physical activity.[citation needed] There are many dietary programs that claim to be efficient in helping overweight individuals to lose weight with no effort. However, the long-term efficacy of these plans is questionable.[citation needed]
Intentional weight loss is, in most cases, achieved with the help of diets since dietary restriction is generally more manageable than making a significant change in one’s lifestyle (although weight loss is generally associated with some degree of change in lifestyle habits) or beginning to practice a sport.[citation needed] In that regard, a wide variety of dietary strategies have been designed to meet the needs of individuals seeking to lose excess weight. Calorie-restriction strategies are one of the most common dietary plans. Notably, daily calorie consumption for dietary purposes vary depending on a number of factors including, age, gender, weight loss goals, and many more. For instance, nutritionists suggest that a minimum of 1,200 daily calories should be consumed by women in order to maintain health. The daily calorie consumption by men, on the other hand, could approach 1,500.[12] It is important to note that these recommendations primarily target relatively healthy individuals who seek weight loss for a better body tonus. However, individuals whose obesity places them at an increased risk for diabetes, heart disease, or other conditions, may follow a stricter diet, but only under the close monitoring of a physician and/or specialist. In some cases, obese individuals may need to restrict their daily calorie intake to 800 or even 500.[12] According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), healthy individuals seeking to maintain their weight should consume 2,000 calories per day.[13]
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 Executive Summary, which was released on January 31, 2011, those that achieve and manage a healthy weight do so most successfully by being continuously vigilant in taking in only the amount of calories that meet their needs and with physical activity.
Low-calorie regimen diets are also referred to as balanced percentage diets. Due to their minimal detrimental effects, these types of diets are most commonly recommended by nutritionists. In addition to restricting calorie intake, a balanced diet also regulates macronutrient consumption. Therefore, from the total number of allotted daily calories, 55% should come from carbohydrates, 15% from protein, and 30% from fats with no more than 10% of total fat coming from saturated forms.[14] For instance, a 1,200 calorie diet would consist of no more than 660 calories from carbohydrates, 180 from protein, and 360 from fat. Although counting calories seems difficult altogether, the long term benefits of calorie restriction are many. After reaching the desired body weight, the amount of calories consumed per day may be increased gradually, without exceeding 2,000 net (i.e. derived by subtracting calories burned by physical activity from calories consumed). Combined with increased physical activity, low-calorie diets are thought to be most effective long term, unlike crash diets which can achieve short term results, at best. Physical activity could greatly enhance the efficiency of a diet. The healthiest weight loss regimen, therefore, is one that consists of a balanced diet and moderate physical activity.
The golden rule in weight loss is to avoid foods that are high in sugars,[citation needed] which contribute to increased body mass and are detrimental to the overall health. Further, weight gain has been associated with excessive alcohol consumption.[citation needed]Depression, stress or boredom may also contribute to weight increase,[citation needed] and in these cases, individuals are advised to seek medical help. A 2010 study found that dieters who got a full night’s sleep more than doubled the amount of fat loss compared to sleep-deprived dieters.[15][16]
Therapeutic weight loss techniques
See also: Management of obesity, Bariatrics, and Virtual gastric band
The least intrusive weight loss methods, and those most often recommended, are adjustments to eating patterns and increased physical activity, generally in the form of exercise. Physicians will usually recommend that their overweight patients combine a reduction of processed foods[17] and caloric content of the diet with an increase in physical activity.[18]
An increase in fiber intake is also recommended for regulating bowel movements.
Other methods of weight loss include use of drugs and supplements that decrease appetite, block fat absorption, or reduce stomach volume. Application of such medications, however, should only be performed under the strict supervision of a physician and/or specialist.
Finally, surgery (i.e. bariatric surgery) may be used in more severe cases to artificially reduce the size of the stomach, thus limiting the intake of food energy.
Dietary supplements, though widely used, are not considered a healthy option for weight loss. Even though a wide array of these products is available to the public, very few are effective long term.
Bariatric surgery is usually considered a last resort in treating severe obesity and it consists of two main procedures: gastric bypass and gastric banding.
Virtual gastric band uses hypnosis to make the brain think the stomach is smaller than it really is and hence lower the amount of food ingested. This brings as a consequence weight reduction. This method is complemented with psychological treatment for anxiety management and with hypnopedia. In 1996 a study revealed that hypnosis reinforced with cognitive-behavioral therapy was more effective than just CBT for weight reduction.[19]
Crash dieting
A crash diet refers to willful nutritional restriction (except water) for more than 12 waking hours. The desired result is to have the body burn fat for energy with the goal of losing a significant amount of weight in a short time. There is a possibility of muscle loss, depending on the approach used.[clarification needed] Crash dieting can be dangerous to health and this method of weight loss is not recommended by medical doctors.[20]
Crash dieting is not the same as intermittent fasting, in which the individual periodically abstains from food (e.g., every other day).
According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,[21] “If the diet or product sounds too good to be true, it probably is. There are no foods or pills that magically burn fat. No super foods will alter your genetic code. No products will miraculously melt fat while you watch TV or sleep. Some ingredients in supplements and herbal products can be dangerous and even deadly for some people” (2011). To feel healthier and live longer, the focus needs to be on making lifestyle changes to how a person eats.
There is a substantial market for products which promise to make weight loss easier, quicker, cheaper, more reliable, or less painful. These include books, DVDs, CDs, cremes, lotions, pills, rings and earrings, body wraps, body belts and other materials, not to mention fitness centers, personal coaches, weight loss groups, and food products and supplements. US residents in 1992 spent an estimated $30 billion a year on all types of diet programs and products, including diet foods and drinks.[22]
Between $33 billion and $55 billion is spent annually on weight loss products and services, including medical procedures and pharmaceuticals, with weight loss centers garnering between 6 percent and 12 percent of total annual expenditure. About 70 percent of Americans’ dieting attempts are of a self-help nature. Although often short-lived, these diet fads are a positive trend for this sector as Americans ultimately turn to professionals to help them meet their weight loss goals.[23
Рубрика – Решаем “Чтение – задание 1”
Уровень А2+
Источник – Музланова, 2017 – Вариант 10
ЕГЭ по английскому – Чтение – задание 1
Соотнести 8 заголовков с 7 текстами (один заголовок лишний).
Ответы писать в комментариях внизу.
- Don’t Ignore Warning Signs
- Use Alternative Medicine
- Staying in Shape is Important
- Threat to Your Eyesight
- Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea
- Fat People Are at Risk
- Prevention Is Better Than Cure
- Choose Proper Nutrition
А. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
B. Hey, couch potato! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows — use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risks.
C. Regular checkups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health. Taking proper care of your health at the right time can help avoid a lot of problems in the future. The main aim of a checkup is to detect illness at an early stage. It’s good to find out that you have a health problem before it is too late so appropriate tests should be done at the right time.
D. Do you mainly exercise for a few weeks in January before you forget your New Year’s resolution, and then again when you realise your summer holiday is around the corner? You’d not be alone, but keeping fit is something you should do all year round. You might not be particularly bothered about your appearance or your weight, but keeping fit is as much about what’s on the inside as it is what’s on the outside.
E. Pain is our body’s means to indicate that something is wrong and requires immediate attention. Pain for a short time can be taken care of by a painkiller but if the soreness is lingering for too long, then It requires proper medical expertise. Sometimes life menacing problems have back pain and joint pain as symptoms and can, if neglected, do permanent damage.
F. Think about your car — the higher the grade of the fuel you put in it, the better it runs. Your body works the same way. If you eat healthy foods, you’ll be healthier and feel better. Eating well is easy if you’re aware of what foods are best for you. But don’t worry! Eating healthy food doesn’t mean eliminating every single thing you love from your diet.
G. Do you spend more than 3 hours a day working or maybe playing on a computer? If so, you are at a higher risk than casual computer users. Researchers warn that watching a computer screen for six or more hours a day might be linked to a progressive eye disease. This does not mean, however, that people who work on a computer for less than 3 hours a day will not suffer eye complications due to computer use.
A-6 / B-5 / C-7 / D-3 / E-1/ F-8 / G-4
Раздел!.ЧТЕНИЕ
1.1. Подумайте и ответьте на вопросы:
> What good and bad health habits can people have?
> In what way do bad habits affect people?
> What are the main health risks young people face today?
> Is it important to eat healthy food? Why∕why not?
> What is your personal attitude towards health? Give your reasons.
1.2. Прочитайте советы экспертов о здоровом образе жизни. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В Задании Один Заголовок Лишний.
A. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
B. Hey, couch potatoes! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows — use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial
Break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risks.
C. Regular check-ups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health. Taking proper care of your health at the right time can help avoid a lot of problems in the future. The main aim of a check-up is to detect illness at an early stage. It’s good to find out that you have a health problem before it is too late so appropriate tests should be done at the right time.
D. Do you mainly exercise for a few weeks in January before you forget your New Year’s resolution, and then again when you realise your summer holiday is around the corner? You’d not be alone, but keeping fit is something you should do all year round. You might not be particularly bothered about your appearance or your weight, but keeping fit is as much about what’s on the inside as it is what’s on the outside.
E. Pain is our body’s means to indicate that something is wrong and requires immediate attention. Pain for a short time can be taken care of by a painkiller but if the soreness lingers for too long, then it requires proper medical expertise. Sometimes life menacing problems have back pain and joint pain as symptoms and can, if neglected, do permanent damage.
F. Think about your car — the higher the grade of the fuel you put in it, the better it runs. Your body works the same way. If you eat healthy foods, you’ll be healthier and feel better. Eating well is easy if you’re aware of what foods are best for you. But don’t worry! Eating healthy food doesn’t mean eliminating every single thing you love from your diet.
G. Do you spend more than 3 hours a day working or maybe playing on a computer? If so, you are at a higher risk than casual computer users. Researchers warn that watching a computer screen for six or more hours a day might be linked to a progressive eye disease. This does not mean, however, that people who work on a
6- Английский язык. ЕГЭ учебник
Computer for less than 3 hours a day will not suffer eye complications due to computer use.
|
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
1.3. Выпишите из текста синонимы к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
1. fatness 6. suitable
2. 
Danger
3. allowing yourself to watch
4. advertisements on television
5. an examination by a doctor
1.4. Выразите свое мнение:> Do you find everyday exercising useful? Why∕why not?
> What do you think is the best way to keep fit?
> Are computers really dangerous for our eyesight?
Why∕why not?
1.5. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F Частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Перенесите ответы в таблицу.
The health and fitness of the UK population is a regular topic on national news and many of us are strongly aware of the need to adopt a healthy lifestyle. From eating the right things including our five pieces of fruit or vegetables a day to getting enough exercise, A.
Those in the health professions make continuous pleas to us to ‘exercise more’ and ‘cook healthy, nutritious meals’. Yet the public replies that B. Work and family commitments take priority and if there’s any time ‘spare’ then going to a gym is often the last thing on people’s minds.
‘Health spa’ is a term that surely appeals greatly and with the rising popularity of spa amongst men and women it would seem that the industry has come up with a winning combination. Statistics reveal that the spa industry is growing faster C. It offers so much opportunity that many are diving in with both feet to make the most of this market.
But why is spa so popular? With today’s hectic lifestyles, the idea of retreating to a haven of peace and relaxation sounds like total luxury. Professional, friendly therapists are ready to greet you and listen to your needs D. Add to this our desire to hold back the years and look forever young, it’s no doubt we’re booking and staying at more spa resorts E.
Choosing what treatments to have during your spa visit can be a tricky choice. Like reading a menu in a 5-star restaurant you’ll find the choices staggering as words such as relaxing, revitalising, refreshing and moisturising jump out from all over the pages with promises of soothing away all aches, pains and wrinkles. Location is also an important consideration and many independent hotels have excellent spa facilities F.
1. that you can’t miss this opportunity
2. while also benefiting from superb positions
3. than ever before
4. there is no time within their already overloaded schedules
5. as you discuss the very tempting treatment menu
6. there are a whole host of things to do to keep us healthy
7. than the fitness industry
|
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
1.6. Выпишите из текста синонимы к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
|
1. |
To accept |
6. a refuge |
|
2. |
Appeals |
7. difficult |
|
3. |
Duties |
8. extremely surprising |
|
4. |
Attracts |
9. making something disappear |
|
5. |
Full of busy activity |
10. factor |
1.7. Выразите свое мнение:
> Is visiting a health spa the best way to relax and to keep fit? Why/ why not?
> Are health spas popular in your city? Why∕why not?
> Would you like to visit a health spa? Why∕why not?
Раздел 2.АУДИРОВАНИЕ
2.1. Подготовка к аудированию. Прочитайте утверждения A-G В задании 2.2 И подчеркните ключевые слова, определяющие различия между утверждениями.
S Полезный совет: <
I ≠ Перед каждым заданием по аудированию дается пауза, 5
I чтобы вы смогли ознакомиться с заданием. Используйте это 5 $ время продуктивно: постарайтесь не только проанализиро — S В вать различия между утверждениями, но и запомнить их. s
2.2. Вы услышите мнения 6 Людей об идеальном способе похудения. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1—6 и утверждениями, данными в списке A—G. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей буквой, только один раз. В задании одно утверждение лишнее. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
A. Starving is the most important aspect of losing weight.
B. Getting enough exercise is essential.
C. Divide your food intake.
D. If you want to lose weight, change your lifestyle.
E. Set small realistic goals.
F. Count the amount of calories you take in.
G. Drinking water will speed your weight loss.
|
Говорящий |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
|
Утверждение |
2.3. Обсудите свои ответы с партнером:
> What helped you choose your answers?
> What was the most difficult answer for you? Why?
> Whose opinion do you agree with?
Раздел 3.ГОВОРЕНИЕ
3.1. Разминка. Вспомните и выпишите слова, относящиеся к следующим тематическим рубрикам:
1. bad health habits — smoking, drinking alcohol, taking drugs, overeating…
2. health problems — illness, disease, headache, toothache, insomnia…
3. healthy food — fruit, vegetables, dairy products…
4. junk food — crisps, hamburgers, sweets…
5. doctors — a dentist, a surgeon, a general practitioner (GP) …
3.2. Сделайте аргументированное сообщение по теме GOOD HEALTH.
Не забудьте обсудить следующие вопросы:
> why it is important to think about your health when you are young
> whether we are healthier today than people were fifty years ago, why∕why not
> what people should∕should not do to be healthy
> why it is necessary to visit the dentist twice a year Время говорения 1,5—2 минуты.
3.3. Прочитайте вариант ответа учащегося. Выделите в каждом абзаце аргументы, которые учащийся использовал для обоснования своего ответа.
I believe it’s important to think about your health when you are young because this is the age when your body is being formed. So if you don’t care about your health, you are likely to have different diseases when you get older. Besides, the earlier you acquire good health habits, the better. For example, you should get used to cleaning your teeth and doing morning exercises from the very early age.
In my opinion, we are healthier today than people were fifty years ago because we are more health-conscious than they used to be. Everybody understands that good health is above wealth. Firstly, we have a better diet. People eat healthy food, which contains less fat and more fibre and is rich in vitamins. They eat more fruit and vegetables than people did fifty years ago. Secondly, doctors have learned how to cure serious diseases, so people nowadays live longer.
To be healthy, it is very important to do sports or at least morning exercises as well as to spend a lot of time in the open air. In addition, we ought to avoid different bad habits that can affect our health. As for me, I don’t smoke, because I don’t want to have unhealthy skin and teeth. Finally, if we want to stay healthy, we should eat only healthy food, and we should not skip meals or overeat. If we eat too much, we’ll become obese, and obesity leads to serious diseases.
Teeth are very important for our health so it’s necessary to visit the dentist at least twice a year to have a thorough check-up. Tooth decay generally doesn’t cause pain until it is in more advanced stages. Regular visits allow your dentist to find the signs of decay and treat problems at a manageable stage. Besides, if you don’t consult the dentist regularly, you’ll have lots of cavities, and the infection may get into your body. Finally, you’ll end up losing all your teeth. To avoid this, we should brush our teeth twice a day, eat healthy food and pay regular visits to the dentist.
3.4. Сделайте аргументированное сообщение по теме NUTRITION.
Не забудьте обсудить следующие вопросы:
> why it is important to eat healthy food
> whether eating habits have changed in recent years, why∕why not > whether it is good to follow a special diet, why∕why not > what your eating preferences are
Время говорения 1,5—2 минуты.
Вы можете воспользоваться аргументами, приведенными в таблице, или придумать свои собственные. Не забудьте логически связать свои аргументы вводными словами, а также употребить фразы-клише для выражения собственного мнения.
|
Why it is important to eat healthy food |
• Food is the main source of energy for our body. Healthy food contains the right balance of protein, fat and carbohydrates and is rich in vitamins. • Not all kinds of food are equally useful and junk food can even do harm to your health. For example, fast food makes you fat and fat is believed to be one of the major causes of obesity and heart disease. |
|
Whether eating habits have changed in recent years, why∕why not |
• In recent years eating habits have changed because people are now more health-conscious than they used to be. The fashion for healthy food is growing all the time. People are encouraged to eat less fat and more fibre. High fibre foods and low fat foods can now be found in all shops, and supermarkets. |
Окончание табл.
|
Whether eating habits have changed in recent years, why∕why not |
• Now we have an opportunity to eat healthy dishes from international cuisine. Dishes from China, for instance, use very little oil and are much healthier than the usual way of frying. Another example is spicy foods from India, which clean out the body’s system and help fight illnesses. |
|
Whether it is good to follow a special diet, why∕why not |
• It is good if you cut out snacks and desserts and cut down on fat. You’ll lose weight and improve your health. • It is believed that a vegetarian diet reduces the risk of cancer and vegetarians live longer than others. • Excessive dieting may be dangerous, because people cut out foods which are necessary for their health. For example, some people refuse to eat meat as they consider it harmful. However, meat is an excellent source of good nutrition. It’s wrong to put down a food simply because excessive amounts can cause health problems. |
|
What your eating preferences are |
• Γm not enthusiastic about strict dieting but I try to eat only low-fat food, fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins. • I don’t have a sweet tooth so Γm indifferent to chocolates and cakes. Besides, I want to have healthy teeth. • My favourite dish is fish and potatoes. Fish is very tasty and it is an excellent source of phosphorus. • I enjoy eating meat because I think that consumed in moderate amounts, it is perfectly good for our health. |
> .4. Дайте аргументированные ответы на следующие вопросы:
> Do you often go to McDonads? Why∕why not?
> Do you follow any healthy diet? Why∕why not?
> Do you think that following a diet is the only way to stay healthy? Why∕why not?
> What are the most popular ways to avoid gaining weight? Which one is the best? Why?
> What is a healthy way of life?
Раздел 4 ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА
ГРАММАТИКА
НАРЕЧИЯ
• Перед выполнением заданий изучите раздел
J НАРЕЧИЯ В ГРАММАТИЧЕСКОМ СПРАВОЧНИКЕ.
4.1. Напишите две степени сравнения следующих наречий:
|
1. |
Importantly |
9. badly |
|
2. |
Hard |
10. nicely |
|
3. |
Rapidly |
11. fast |
|
4. |
Happily |
12. urgently |
|
5. |
Well |
13. mildly |
|
6. |
Sincerely |
14. late |
|
7. |
Early |
15. little |
|
8. |
Loudly |
4.2. Употребите сравнительную или превосходную степень наречия в скобках.
1. You speak English (well) of all in our group.
2. Planes travel (fast) than trains.
3. This question is asked (often).
4. He came (regularly) Than 1 had expected.
5. Today trains are running 15 minutes (late) than yesterday.
6. Love is what these children need (much).
7. You need to push (hard) If you want to open this door.
8. John is the best swimmer in the class. He swims (fast) of all.
9. On Sundays Mum gets up even (early) Than on weekdays.
10. The children were too tired to walk any (far).
11. She spoke (quiet) Than usual.
12. The areas (badly) Hit by Monday’s heavy rain are Cheshire and Oxfordshire.
13. This machine will work (well) if you change the oil.
14. How did Jack know? And, (importantly), What did he know?
15. Spring is the time when farmers work (hard) Of all.
16. His leg seemed to be hurting (badly) Than ever.
17. Now my sister learns new words much (easily).
18. In the second half, they played even (successfully).
19. People are living (long) Nowadays.
20. His work was the thing he loved (little) Of all.
4.3. Прилагательное или наречие? Подчеркните нужное слово.
1. I’m going to tell you something very important, so please listen (careful∕carefully).
2. Why are you (angry∕angrily)? I Haven’t done anything.
3. Our teacher always explains the rules (clear∕clearly).
4. He was driving (dangerous∕dangerously).
5. Come on, Dave! Why are you so (slow∕slowly)?
6. Jane is studying (hard∕hardly) For her exam.
7. ‘Where is Tom?’ ‘He was here but he left (sudden/suddenly).’
8. Her ideas are very (useful∕usefuily).
9. He can understand people (easy∕easily).
10. Olga speaks English (perfect∕perfectly).
11. These jeans are very (expensive∕expensively).
12. Yesterday I came home very (late∕lately).
13. He always does his homework (good∕well).
14. We visit our relatives (regular∕regularly).
15. She always dresses (nice∕nicely).
4.4. Прилагательное или наречие? Подчеркните нужное слово.
1. The boys played (quiet∕quietly).
2. It was snowing (heavy∕heavily) The day before yesterday.
3. He gave it a (careful∕carefully) Look.
4. He speaks (perfect∕perfectly) English.
5. Have you seen your friend (recent∕recently)?
6. She’s a (slow∕slowly) Runner.
7. She draws (good∕well).
8. They bought a (nice∕nicely) car.
9. She likes sitting (near∕nearly) The fire.
10. She left too (late∕lately) To catch the bus.
11. Have you seen Ann (late∕lately)?
12. He tries very (hard∕hardly) To make his family happy.
13. She (hard∕hardly) Plays the piano.
14. Computers are (wide∕widely) Used in schools nowadays.
15. I think she’s a (pretty∕prettily) Good singer.
4.5. Прилагательное или наречие? Подчеркните нужное слово.
1. Use this chair if you want to sit (comfortable∕comfortabiy).
2. It’s not (easy∕easily) To play football.
3. These flowers smell so (strange∕strangely).
4. He talked so Polite∕politely and danced so (beautiful∕beautifully).
5. The apples taste (sweet∕sweetly). Help yourself!
6. I always feel (happy∕happily) When the sun is shining.
7. Let’s discuss this idea (serious∕seriously).
8. ‘How are you?’ ‘I am very (good∕well), Thank you.’
9. His English is Perfect∕perfectly. He always speaks (correct∕cor — rectly).
10. You look (upset∕upsetly). What’s the matter?
11. The driver was driving too (fast∕fastly).
12. ‘I feel like going to a disco tonight.’ ‘That sounds (great∕greatly)! Let’s go.’
13. It rained very (heavy∕heavily) In London last night.
14. (Quiet/Quietly) He opened the door.
15. Those oranges look (nice∕nicely). Can I have one?
4.6. Вставьте в предложения слова из рамки. Подумайте, что выбрать: прилагательное или наречие.
Bright(ly) nice(Iy) happy∕happily good∕well Smart(Iy)
quick(ly) great(ly) beautiful(ly)
Nervous(Iy) short(ly) quiet(ly) Complete(Iy) dif∏cult(ly)
1. Mary sangat the concert last night. She is a very
Singer.
2. Our holiday was too. The time passed very.
3. What flowers! They smell very too!
4. He asked me to ring back but I forgot about it.
5. The children played in the garden. We could hear them
Laughing.
6. You’re speaking very. I can’t hear you.
7. Linda likes wearing clothes. She always looks!
8. It is a warm day and the sun is shining.
9. The exam was very and I felt very.
10. This little boy can’t ride a bicycle very. He is just learning.
ЛЕКСИКА
СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ: НАРЕЧИЯ
4.7. Образуйте наречия от следующих прилагательных и разбейте их по группам в зависимости от способа образования:
Hard, probable, slow, happy, friendly, beautiful, fantastic, late, silly, possible, easy, bright, scientific, true, simple, historic, angry, additional, practical, terrible, fast, rare, energetic, early, lucky, chilly, surprising, comfortable, brotherly, fortunate, good, magic, guilty.
|
Суффикс |
+ly |
+ically |
E → У |
У → i +ly |
In А… way |
Исключения |
|
Наречия |
Hard |
4.8. Образуйте наречия от следующих прилагательных:
|
1. |
Quick |
9. fast |
|
2. |
Bad |
10. easy |
|
3. |
Late |
11. hard |
|
4. |
Angry |
12. terrible |
|
5. |
Good |
13. healthy |
|
■6. |
Careful |
14. early |
|
7. |
Tragic |
15. occasion |
|
8. |
Correct |
4.9. Прочитайте текст о здоровом образе жизни. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
Healthy Lifestyle
То be healthy we should avoid different bad habits that can affect our health. It’s common knowledge that smoking and drinking can shorten our lives (1). Smoking, for instance, can lead to serious lung diseases. (2)in recent years smoking has been banned in most public places and people smoke (3)nowadays.
There are other dangerous habits such as eating unhealthy food or even overeating. If you eat too much, you can (4) become obese. (5), being fat can cause real problems. It is harder for fat people to get a good job, or even to make friends. If you want to do (6), you must be thin. In recent years people are encouraged to eat (7)and to lose weight. That is why manufacturers are (8)producing special foods with fewer calories for slimmers. (9)I Believe that regular meals, a healthy diet and going in for sports are (10)A good way to live.
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ ‘CUT’ И ‘KEEP’
4.10. Вставьте слова из рамки в предложения и переведите их на русский язык.
At down off (x2) on out to up (x2)
1. If you want to lose weight, you should cut chocolate and
Sweets and cut on salt.
2. We had to hurry to keep with her.
3. The secret of dieting is to keep it.
4. John kept smoking despite the doctor’s advice to give it
Up.
5. Γm trying to keep fatty foods.
6. They cut electricity yesterday so I couldn’t cook anything.
7. Professional sportsmen keep a strict diet.
8. Now we’re going to peel and cut cucumbers for our
Salad.
БЛИЗКИЕ ПО ЗНАЧЕНИЮ СЛОВА
4.11. Вставьте слова из рамки в предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Поставьте, если необходимо, глаголы в правильную форму.
Prescription recipe human humane cure heal treat (x2)
1. My parents us all the same when we were kids.
2. A brain is much bigger than that of a chimpan
Zee.
3. Doctors have learned to many formerly fatal dis
Eases.
4. Could you give me a for your apple pie?
5. I don’t support the death penalty because it is not to
Kill people.
6. In this hospital patients are with a combination
Of medication and exercise.
7. The doctor gave me a for a new medicine.
8. My wound has already . .
ПРАКТИКА ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫХ ЗАДАНИЙ
4.12. Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски 1-7 Полученными словами.
The National Health Service in GB
The NHS (the national health service) in GB (1)Centrally and medical insurance is compulsory. There are a number of private medical insurance schemes in the country. These days such schemes (2)increasingly popular as being more convenient. The modern (3) Of the NHS are the same as those faced by equivalent systems in other countries. The number of old people needing medical care (4) Dramatically since 1998. But the country spends (5)Money per person on health care than any other country in the western world. One possible reason for this is the way that GPs (6). The money which they get from the government (7) On the number — NOT DEPEND Of consultations they perform, it depends on the number of registered patients.
4.13. Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 1—7. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 1—7, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.
I Полезный совет: г
Я JПри выборе ответа особое внимание надо обратить на 1
R слова, прилегающие к пропуску, так как очень часто имен — >
Я но они определяют правильный ответ. Выбор правильного $
$ слова из двух подходящих может, например, зависеть от |
S предлога, стоящего после пропуска. $
What is the Benefit of Eating Healthy?
There are some benefits of consuming healthy and nutritious food. The main advantage of eating healthily is that you can make your immune system strong and (1)of viral, bacterial and other health related issues like heart or blood pressure problems. Stronger immune system is the most basic requirement of any human body for efficient performance.
Besides, eating the right kind of food at the right time will definitely (2)you from getting obese. Obesity leads to other diseases, too. So if you are not obese yet, then it’s better to start taking care of your own body by eating healthy and nutritious food. This will ensure that your body weight is maintained according to your height and you will not have to look (3)weight loss diet plans or fitness centers.
What is more, eating healthy and nutritious food will make your entire day full of energy. You will feel energetic and fresh and will be able to work for more time, which will indirectly increase your performance at school or in the office.
However, in today’s advanced world you may not have enough time to follow a routine and you may (4)up eating food at irregular time. And (5)to this you may not get time to prepare yourself a healthy meal and eat at the right time.
As your work gets harder and tougher, your body needs healthy and nutritious food. No one else except you can (6)sure
That your body is getting healthy food. Last but not (7)we would like to mention is to do a regular workout. With healthy and nutritious food, it is essential that you do regular workout so that your weight is maintained and you are active and fit.
Раздел 5. ПИСЬМО
СОЧИНЕНИЕ-ВЫРАЖЕНИЕ СВОЕГО МНЕНИЯ
Перед выполнением заданий вспомните
РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ к составлению сочинения (см. СПРАВОЧНИК ПО ПИСЬМУ).
5.1. Прочитайте экзаменационное задание и ответ на него. Ответьте на вопросы и выполните задания после сочинения.
Comment on the following statement.
It is believed that young people today are not as healthy as they were fifty years ago.
What is your opinion?
Write 200 — 250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an introduction (state the problem)
— express your personal opinion and give reasons for it
— give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it
— draw a conclusion
We can often hear from our grandparents that the ‘ health of modern teenagers is much worse than that of their ‘ counterparts fifty years ago and I think they are right. (
In my opinion, young people today are not as healthy ι
As they used to be. To begin with, they eat lots of geneti- ι
Cally modified and junk food, which is definitely harmful. 1
Besides, modern teenagers often smoke, drink alcohol or 1
Even take drugs, which leads to serious diseases. More — J
Over, lots of teens play computer games or watch TV all day J
Long instead of walking and doing sports. As a result, many J
Young people are overweight and suffer from heart diseases. >
However, many people ignore these facts claiming that J
Teenagers’ health is steadily improving due to modern health )
Care and better nutrition. Of course, young people do not J
Die today of such diseases as pneumonia or tuberculosis. )
Yet I am sure that their health is definitely getting worse /
Because they breathe polluted air, drink polluted water /
And eat food with harmful additives. Additionally, teenag — /
Ers usually ignore their parents’ advice to eat healthy food and eat whatever they want or even skip meals. I should ( also add that today we are threatened by such incurable ( diseases as AIDS or hepatitis. (
In conclusion, I want to say that teenagers’ health is ( the basis of our future development and it is not as good as ( it may seem. I strongly believe that our society should pay ( more attention to the health of a younger generation. (
> How many paragraphs are there in the essay? What is the purpose of each paragraph?
> Find arguments in favour of the author’s opinion. How many have you found?
> Find arguments for the other point of view. Whose point of view is this?
> Is the language of the essay formal or informal? Give examples.
>Underline linking words used in the essay.
> What words can you use instead of IHoweveFrI
5.2. Прочитайте экзаменационное задание.
Comment on the following statement.
Fast food is very popular among teenagers. However, many experts consider fast food harmful to our health.
What kind of food do you prefer? Write 200—250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an introduction (state the problem)
— express your personal opinion and give reasons for it
— give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it
— draw a conclusion
You have 40 minutes to do this task.
5.3. Спланируйте свой ответ.
>Определите свою точку зрения и постарайтесь найти как можно больше аргументов в её поддержку.
>Какие аргументы можно придумать в защиту противоположной точки зрения?
>Как можно перефразировать тему сочинения? Постарайтесь найти синонимы к словам темы.
>Как вы закончите своё сочинение? Не забудьте учесть в выводе противоположную точку зрения.
>Подберите нужные слова-связки.
5.4. Теперь напишите сочинение.
Убедитесь, что вы:
≠ разбили сочинение на 4 абзаца
JИспользовали формальный язык
JИспользовали слова-связки как в начале, так и внутри абзацев
<во введении перефразировали тему сочинения
/ в 2 абзаце привели не менее двух развернутых аргументов в пользу своей точки зрения
JВ 3 абзаце сослались на мнение других людей и сказали, почему вы с ней не согласны
JВ заключении сделали общий вывод и окончательно сформулировали свою точку зрения
≠ проверили грамматику, орфографию и пунктуацию
JУложились в заданный объем 200—250 слов
5.5. Поменяйтесь сочинениями с партнером. Проверьте сочинения и поставьте друг другу баллы, используя схему и бланк оценивания сочинения (см. СПРАВОЧНИК ПО ПИСЬМУ).
Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение
«Гимназия №5»
КОНТРОЛЬНО-ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ
ПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ К РАБОЧЕЙ ПРОГРАММЕ
по английскому языку
(наименование учебного предмета /курса/)
Уровень образования: __основное общее_
Класс: 10
Срок реализации: __1 год_(2021-2022 учебный год)
Разработчик программы:
Дудко Мария Владимировна
(ФИО)
Учитель _английского языка__высшей_квалификационной категории
(предмет)
Муниципальное образование «Городской округ Дзержинский»
Год составления: 2021 г.
Декабрь 2021
Промежуточный контроль
10 класс
A. Установите соответствие между заголовками A- H и текстами 1-7 . Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. Don’t Ignore Warning Signs
B. Use Alternative Medicine
C. Staying in Shape is Important
D. Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea
E. Fat People Are at Risk
F. Prevention Is Better than Cure
G. Choose Proper Nutrition
1. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
2. Hey, couch potato! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows – use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risk.
3. Regular checkups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health. Taking proper care of your health at the right time can help avoid a lot of problems in the future. The main aim of a checkup is to detect illness at an early stage. It’s good to find out that you have a health problem before it is too late so appropriate tests should be done at the right time.
4. Do you mainly exercise for a few weeks in January before you forget your New Year’s resolution, and then again when you realize your summer holiday is around the corner? You’d not be alone, but keeping fit is something you should do all year round. You might not be particularly bothered about your appearance or your weight, but keeping fit is as much about what’s on the inside as it is what’s on the outside.
5. Pain is our body’s means to indicate that something is wrong and requires immediate attention. Pain for a short time can be taken care of by a painkiller but if the soreness is lingering for too long, then it requires proper medical expertise. Sometimes life menacing problems have back pain and joint pain as symptoms and can, if neglected, do permanent damage.
6. Think about your car- the higher the grade of the fuel you put in it, the better it runs. Your body works the same way. If you eat healthy food, you’ll be healthier and feel better. Eating well is easy if you aware of what foods are best for you. But don’t worry! Eating healthy food doesn’t mean eliminating every single thing you love from your diet.
B. Выберите правильную форму глагола.
1. The news (wasn’t/ weren’t) as bad as we expected.
2. Where (does/ do) your family live?
3. Four days (isn’t/ aren’t) long enough for a good holiday.
4. He can’t find his binoculars. Do you know where (it is/ they are)?
5. Do you think the people (is/ are) happy with the government?
6. The money she makes (is/ are) enough for her.
7. The police (is/ are) looking for the murderer.
8. His good looks (get/ gets) him what he wants.
9. The government (is/ are) passing new laws.
10. Her knowledge of English (is/ are) very good.
C.Прочитайте текст. Подставьте вместо пробелов слова, данные в конце каждой строки, преобразовав их.
Americans talk with________(1) of their government proud
and_________(2). They seem certain that they have institute
more________(3), better laws and stronger leaders. free
But even the most________(4) patriot
Americans have a few doubts.
________(5) is one problem area, and so is the law. There educate
are not enough clever teachers, and too many clever________(6). law
But Americans feel___________(7) that they can change confidence
things that don’t work. Americans want to be proud of their
President. They like him to be good-looking,_________(8), and a religion
good family man. They want him to be a good_________(9). talk
They expect him to keep the prices down at home and to keep the
country looking_____________(10)abroad. power
КЛЮЧИ:
Задание А- EDFCAG
Задание В- 1.wasn’t; 2. does/do; 3. isn’t; 4. they are; 5. are; 6. is; 7. are looking; 8. get; 9. is passing; 10. is
Задание С- pride, institutions, freedom, patriotic, education, lawyers, confident, religious, talker, powerful
|
Баллы – 26 баллов: №1 — 6б №2 — 10б №3 – 10б |
0-12 баллов = оценка 2 13-17 баллов = оценка 3 18-22 баллов = оценка 4 23-26 баллов = оценка 5 |
|
№ задания |
Проверяемые виды деятельности |
Код КТ |
Проверяемые виды деятельности |
Уровень сложности задания |
Максимальный балл за выполнение заданий |
|
1. |
Читать текст с выборочным пониманием нужной/интересующей информации (просмотровое/поисковое чтение) |
1.3.2 |
Развитие навыков чтения (изучающего, ознакомительного, просмотрового) и содержательной переработки прочитанного материала, в том числе умение выделять главную мысль текста, ключевые понятия. |
Б |
6 |
|
2. |
Распознавать и использовать в речи глаголы в наиболее употребительных временны́х формах действительного залога: Present Simple, Future Simple и Past Simple, Present и Past Continuous, Present и Past Perfect |
2.3.15 |
Формирование навыков проведения различных видов анализа слова (фонетического, морфемного, словообразовательного, лексического, морфологического), синтаксического анализа словосочетания и предложения, а также многоаспектного анализа текста. |
Б |
10 |
|
3. |
Знать/понимать основные способы словообразования (аффиксация, словосложение, конверсия) |
3.4.6 |
Формирование навыков проведения различных видов анализа слова (фонетического, морфемного, словообразовательного, лексического, морфологического. |
Б |
10 |
Декабрь 2021
Промежуточный контроль
10 Б класс
A. Установите соответствие между заголовками A- H и текстами 1-7 . Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. Don’t Ignore Warning Signs
B. Use Alternative Medicine
C. Staying in Shape is Important
D. Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea
E. Fat People Are at Risk
F. Prevention Is Better than Cure
G. Choose Proper Nutrition
1. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
2. Hey, couch potato! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows – use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risk.
3. Regular checkups are a valuable tool in maintaining good health. Taking proper care of your health at the right time can help avoid a lot of problems in the future. The main aim of a checkup is to detect illness at an early stage. It’s good to find out that you have a health problem before it is too late so appropriate tests should be done at the right time.
4. Do you mainly exercise for a few weeks in January before you forget your New Year’s resolution, and then again when you realize your summer holiday is around the corner? You’d not be alone, but keeping fit is something you should do all year round. You might not be particularly bothered about your appearance or your weight, but keeping fit is as much about what’s on the inside as it is what’s on the outside.
5. Pain is our body’s means to indicate that something is wrong and requires immediate attention. Pain for a short time can be taken care of by a painkiller but if the soreness is lingering for too long, then it requires proper medical expertise. Sometimes life menacing problems have back pain and joint pain as symptoms and can, if neglected, do permanent damage.
6. Think about your car- the higher the grade of the fuel you put in it, the better it runs. Your body works the same way. If you eat healthy food, you’ll be healthier and feel better. Eating well is easy if you aware of what foods are best for you. But don’t worry! Eating healthy food doesn’t mean eliminating every single thing you love from your diet.
B. Выберите правильную форму глагола.
1. The news (wasn’t/ weren’t) as bad as we expected.
2. Where (does/ do) your family live?
3. Four days (isn’t/ aren’t) long enough for a good holiday.
4. He can’t find his binoculars. Do you know where (it is/ they are)?
5. Do you think the people (is/ are) happy with the government?
6. The money she makes (is/ are) enough for her.
7. The police (is/ are) looking for the murderer.
8. His good looks (get/ gets) him what he wants.
9. The government (is/ are) passing new laws.
10. Her knowledge of English (is/ are) very good.
C.Прочитайте текст. Подставьте вместо пробелов слова, данные в конце каждой строки, преобразовав их.
Americans talk with________(1) of their government proud
and_________(2). They seem certain that they have institute
more________(3), better laws and stronger leaders. free
But even the most________(4) patriot
Americans have a few doubts.
________(5) is one problem area, and so is the law. There educate
are not enough clever teachers, and too many clever________(6). law
But Americans feel___________(7) that they can change confidence
things that don’t work. Americans want to be proud of their
President. They like him to be good-looking,_________(8), and a religion
good family man. They want him to be a good_________(9). talk
They expect him to keep the prices down at home and to keep the
country looking_____________(10)abroad. power
D You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Judy who writes:
…We’ve moved to Chicago. I love it here! Where would you like to live, if you could choose? Why do you think so many people move to big cities? Is it easy for young people in Russia to change where they live, why or why not?
By the way, my brother Mike got a new job!…
Write a letter to Judy.
In your letter
-answer her questions
-ask 3 questions about her brother’s new job.
Write 100–
140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
КЛЮЧИ:
Задание А- EDFCAG
Задание В- 1.wasn’t; 2. does/do; 3. isn’t; 4. they are; 5. are; 6. is; 7. are looking; 8. get; 9. is passing; 10. is
Задание С- pride, institutions, freedom, patriotic, education, lawyers, confident, religious, talker, powerful
|
Баллы – 36 баллов: №1 — 6б №2 — 10б №3 – 10б №4-10 б |
0-20 баллов = оценка 2 21-26 баллов = оценка 3 27-31 баллов = оценка 4 32-36 баллов = оценка 5 |
|
№ задания |
Проверяемые виды деятельности |
Код КТ |
Проверяемые виды деятельности |
Уровень сложности задания |
Максимальный балл за выполнение заданий |
|
1. |
Использовать просмотровое/поисковое чтение в целях извлечения необходимой/запрашиваемой информации из текста статьи, проспекта |
2.3.3 |
Развитие навыков чтения и содержательной переработки прочитанного материала, в том числе умение выделять главную мысль текста, ключевые понятия. |
Б |
6 |
|
2. |
Распознавать и использовать в речи глаголы в наиболее употребительных временны́х формах действительного залога: Present Simple, Future Simple и Past Simple, Present и Past Continuous, Present и Past Perfect |
3.3.15 |
Формирование навыков проведения различных видов анализа слова (фонетического, морфемного, словообразовательного, лексического, морфологического), синтаксического анализа словосочетания и предложения, а также многоаспектного анализа текста. |
Б |
10 |
|
3. |
Знать/понимать основные способы словообразования (аффиксация, словосложение, конверсия) |
3.4.6 |
Формирование навыков проведения различных видов анализа слова (фонетического, морфемного, словообразовательного, лексического, морфологического. |
Б |
10 |
|
4. |
Писать личное письмо в ответ на письмо -стимул |
1.4.3 |
Умение создавать различные текстовые высказывания в соответствии с поставленной целью и сферой общения (аргументированный ответ на вопрос, изложение, сочинение, аннотация, план (включая тезисный план), заявление, информационный запрос и др.) |
Б |
10 |
К сожалению, на данный момент у нас невозможно бесплатно скачать полный вариант книги.
Но вы можете попробовать скачать полный вариант, купив у наших партнеров электронную книгу здесь, если она у них есть наличии в данный момент.
Также можно купить бумажную версию книги здесь.
Английский язык, ЕГЭ, Экспресс-репетитор, Чтение, Музланова Е.С., 2010.
Пособие состоит из 3 частей, охватывающих все виды заданий по чтению, и содержит более 70 тестов. В каждом разделе даны рекомендации по выполнению задания. Сборник снабжен ключами ко всем тестам, что дает возможность использовать его для самостоятельной подготовки к экзамену. Пособие предназначено для подготовки учащихся 10—11 классов школ, гимназий и лицеев к единому государственному экзамену но английскому языку. Оно будет также полезно и учителям, которые найдут в нем необходимый материал для своей работы на уроках.
Примеры.
Установите соответствие между заголовками А—Н и текстами 1—7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. Don’t Ignore Warning Signs
B. Use Alternative Medicine
C. Staying in Shape is Important
D. Threat to Your Eyesight
E. Turn a Bad Habit into a Good Idea
F. Fat People Are at Risk
G. Prevention Is Better than Cure
H. Choose Proper Nutrition
1. There are numerous problems associated with obesity. It is not just a cosmetic problem but also a health hazard. Doctors generally agree that the more obese a person is, the more likely he or she is to have health problems. This is because obesity has been linked to several serious medical conditions. People who are overweight can gain significant health benefits from losing weight.
2. Hey. couch potato! Don’t feel guilty indulging in serials or reality shows — use the commercials as an excuse to burn calories. There is probably an average of 15 minutes of commercials in an hour-long program. If you exercised through each commercial break during just two hours of TV, you’d already have met the recommended amount of daily exercise necessary to reduce health risks.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Предисловие
Честь 1. Задание В2
Понимание основного содержания текста
Честь 2. Задание ВЗ
Понимание стуктурно-смысловых связей текста
Часть 3. Задания А15—А21
Полное и точное понимание информации в тексте
Ответы
Литература.
Купить
.
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Дата публикации: 10.03.2017 07:21 UTC
Теги:
ЕГЭ по английскому языку :: английский язык :: Музланова
Следующие учебники и книги:
- Английский язык, Экспресс-репетитор для подготовки к ЕГЭ, Грамматика и лексика, Музланова Е., Кисунько Е.
- Английский язык, ЕГЭ, Экспресс-репетитор, Говорение, Музланова Е., Кисунько Е., 2010
- Английский язык, ЕГЭ, Экспресс-репетитор, Грамматика и лексика, Музланова Е., Кисунько Е.
- Английский язык, ЕГЭ, Новый полный справочник, Музланова Е.С., 2017
Предыдущие статьи:
- ЕГЭ, 55+1 устных тем по английскому языку для подготовки к урокам в 5-11 классах, выпускным и вступительным экзаменам, Смирнов Ю.А., 2016
- ЕГЭ, Английский язык, Комплекс материалов для подготовки учащихся, Вербицкой М.В., 2016
- ЕГЭ по английскому языку, Russian State Exam, Tasks 39-40, Пособие для подготовки учащихся, Письмо, Хотунцева Е.А., 2015
- ЕГЭ 2015, Английский язык, Оптимальный банк заданий для подготовки к ЕГЭ, Вербицкая М.В., Нечаева Е.Н.
- Подробности
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| Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В4-В10 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения. TEST 20 (part 1) |
Traffic Problems
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B4 |
In January 2003, the Congestion Charge was introduced in London to help solve the city’s traffic problems. |
INTRODUCE |
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B5 |
However, London’s motorists still have traffic problems, crawling through the city’s streets. London is just as congested with cars as it was before the introduction of the traffic charging scheme. |
CRAWL |
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B6 |
‘Without the Congestion Charge the traffic problems in London would be much worse now,’ said the TfL’s Managing Director. |
BAD |
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B7 |
‘It has already proved successful in cutting traffic coming into London.’ |
PROVE |
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B8 |
However, on its own, the traffic charging scheme does not resolve the problem of congestion in the city. London streets remain clogged by road works and other measures designed to help pedestrians, buses and cyclists. |
NOT RESOLVE |
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B9 |
Mayor of London Boris Johnson says he now is working with TfL on a ‘comprehensive approach’ to ease the congestion problem. |
WORK |
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B10 |
He believes that the government soon will impose new measures to eliminate traffic congestion. |
IMPOSE |
