Virtual high school егэ ответы

Objective To experimentally compare the effects of eating or skipping breakfast on energy expenditure, activity levels and dietary habits.Design A randomised cross-over trial, lasting 2 weeks. Participants were provided breakfast during one week and were required to fast until mid-day during the other week.Setting University campus.Subjects Forty-nine participants (twenty-six female and twenty-three male participants) were recruited. Food intake was monitored using food diaries, and energy expenditure was assessed using pedometers and heart rate monitors. Morningness–eveningness, physical activity and health were assessed using validated questionnaires.Results Across all participants, daily energy expenditure did not differ between the two experimental conditions. Total energy intake over 24 h did not vary with condition (male participants: 8134 (sd 447) kJ/d and 7514 (sd 368) kJ/d; female participants: 7778 (sd 410) kJ/d and 7531 (sd 535) kJ/d, for the breakfast and no-breakfast conditions, respectively). However, when comparing habitual breakfast eaters with those with irregular or breakfast-skipping habits, it was found that male non-habitual breakfast eaters consumed significantly (P = 0·029) more energy during the breakfast condition. Furthermore, female participants who were habitual breakfast eaters were found to eat significantly (P = 0·005) more and later in the day under the no-breakfast condition.Conclusions Although the suggestion that breakfast is a behavioural marker for appropriate dietary and physical activity patterns is not refuted by the present findings, our data suggest that the effect of breakfast may vary as a function of gender and morning eating habits, and thus there may be other mechanisms that link BMI and breakfast consumption behaviour.(Received December 23 2010)(Accepted April 01 2011)(Online publication June 23 2011)

1. Women doing men’s jobs

2. Holidays — the best time to visit

3. Ideal to grow a man

4. A costume for a mythic sea creature

5. The best profession for a lady

6. A festival to a season

7. Words for all times

8. Best clothes for burial

A. Mary is a professional dress-maker specializing in exotic costumes. She devotes many hours to crafting mermaid tails and hand-made tops. Her professional mermaid costume includes a tail and a top. A tail is made of the finest silicone that bends naturally with movement and looks beautifully on film and in print. Out of the depths of the water her costume shines with hundreds ot pearls, crystals, and gemstones.

B. Today’s well-educated person uses about 18,000 words. Shakespeare, whose plays written for a small theatre are now performed in more countries than ever before, used over 34,000 different words, thousands of which he made up. For example: accessible, roadway, schoolboy, and watchdog. Many of his phrases have fallen into everyday use in our language today, including, “A horse, a horse! My kingdom for a horse!’’ by Richard III.

C. The Celtic division of the year was into two parts. The winter half was considered the beginning of the year, and the summer half the second part. There were two further subdivisions. so the year was finally divided into the standard four seasons. At each of these four stages, a Fire Festival was celebrated. It involved religious ceremonies, music, storytelling, and poetry. These great festivals were regarded to be the best time.

D. As symbols of respect and courage, knights turned out to be an intriguing mix of all the things that made males the best, as their education included the most effective sorts of exercises for the brain and the human body. Knight tournaments were a good way for the knights to try out the actual travails of fighting and never having to go through the pain and troubles of having to look after themselves, and of their kingdoms.

E. Were there any women pirates in Renaissance England? They were in the minority, but they were never the less there and very able. Lady Mary was a daughter of a pirate and married to a pirate. When her husband died, she recruited her castle staff and went to sea herself. Her luck ran out when she captured a German captain, who was a friend of Queen Elizabeth. So Lady Mary quit piracy … and started selling stolen goods.

F. Russia is an amazing holiday destination. It should be visited during the festival season, as it reveals the rich cultural tradition and fascinating customs of its people. While the festivals come from the Christian legacy Russia shares with Europe and America, the manner of celebration is unique. Enthusiastic travelers suggest planning a Russian holiday during the festival time and to be sure that the memories will last a lifetime!

G. Normally very fine textiles are found in graves. Obviously, the quality of clothing worn in the Middle Ages would reduce with lower ranks, but even the slaves did not wear cloth as rough as people thought in the past and some still do today. Slaves would probably wear their master’s clothes, which may have been very thin in places and not decorated. They would usually receive the underclothes to be worn as overclothes.

2

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A Mary’s new job takes up a lot of time and energy.

B Mary has no time to go to parties.

C Peter felt his salary in the company was too low.

D Peter left his job because he had no promotion prospects.

E Peter sent out his resume to nearly twenty companies.

F Peter wouldn’t mind working in another city.

G Mary advises Peter to speak to people with the same problems.

Вы услышите рассказ писателя о своём увлечении музыкой. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3

The narrator says that his musical career
1) changed its direction at the age of 11.
2) started roughly 30 years ago.
3) began after he had sung a song with his father.
Ответ: .

4

When the narrator was almost 40,
1) he was already performing in public.
2) he had learned to sing the parts of ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’.
3) he felt a desire to start playing music.
Ответ: .

5

When the narrator got a mandolin, he

Ответ: .

6

The narrator enjoyed playing the mandolin because
1) he was able to master difficult chords.
2) he was composing music.
3) he was able to relax after his everyday work.
Ответ: .

7

The narrator went to the jam camp because
1) he wanted to perform in public.
2) he would like to speak to Dr. Banjo.
3) he was offered the easiest way to improve his skills.
Ответ: .

8

In the camp the narrator learned that
1) to play songs he should know forty basic chords.
2) to grow as a musician he should possess certain qualities and abilities.
3) he could become a perfect mandolin player if he practises a lot.
Ответ: .

9

When the narrator came back home last week, he was pleased because
1) Ruth had started taking music lessons.
2) his friends and relatives showed their interest in music.
3) Los Angeles was a different place.
Ответ: .

Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ

10

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A. The first thing that a good speaker does is looks at the audience and takes a pause before beginning his speech. This helps to create a good impression on the audience. Throughout the speech, the speaker should maintain eye contact with the listeners, otherwise they will feel that they are being ignored and it is quite likely that they also ignore whatever he is trying to convey.

B. Proper variation in emotion and tempo of the voice improves the quality of performance. Accurate pronunciation of words with due stresses wherever required must be done. One more important thing while communicating is that your voice must be clear and loud enough for the audience to hear it. A loud voice can be a strong point for being an effective speaker.

C. Concentrate on your ideas and do not get distracted by the activities performed by the audience, for example, smiling or whispering. To make your communication successful get the clue about the listeners and their interests. Think over the age, sex and background of the people. See whether the audience is patient enough to handle you for hours. Check out if they are friendly or hostile.

D. Facial expressions reveal what thoughts are running through a person’s mind. So while communicating, make sure that your facial expressions reveal your interest for the subject on which you are communicating. The body movements while speaking must coordinate with your convincing power. They must add to the things which are more effectively caught visually than verbally.

E. If you are trying to improve your own communication, concentrate on ways to make your nonverbal signals match the level of formality necessitated by the situation. Some situations require more formal behaviour that might be interpreted very differently in any other setting. So when you are communicating with others, always take into account the situation in which the communication occurs.

F. Don’t be afraid to pause and breathe. Listeners need time to reflect on what you are saying. Just like we need ‘white space’ and punctuation on the written page, we need pauses when we speak. Talking non-stop is a huge drawback. Having the confidence to pause for a few seconds in between sentences commands attention rather than diverts it.

G. The appearance plays an important role in presenting ourselves to society. The people who wear clothes suitable to their body structure look attractive. A person’s physical appearance creates a definite impact on the communication process. Our clothes should not be too modern for the people whom we are interacting with. However, they should be able to create a positive impression on them.

11

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

Ever wonder A ____________? There’s actually quite a bit of science going on behind the scenes, with several components working together to bring you that digital-quality signal.

Your channel selection begins with the programming sources themselves. Companies like Showtime, HBO or Cinemax create their programming. Channel providers then purchase rights to this programming B ____________. Once a provider has their programming in place, they turn their attention to the broadcast centre to compress and convert the programming for satellite broadcast.

Your Dish Network Programming originally arrives as a digital stream of video, which is then compressed and converted through an encoder, typically using the MPEG2 format. This format reduces the overall size of the video, C ____________.

Once encoded, the video is then encrypted D ____________. After the video has been encrypted, it is sent to the provider’s satellite, strategically positioned in the sky.

The satellite itself uses a dish similar to your own satellite dish, to receive the video and send it back down to Earth. When the satellite sends the signal back down to Earth, it is picked up by your satellite dish, a small round antenna that receives the satellite’s broadcast and sends the video on to your satellite TV receiver.

The satellite TV receiver is that little black box that sits inside your home and allows you to choose E ____________. The receiver actually performs several important functions in the satellite viewing process, including the decryption of the signal itself. If you remember, the satellite signal was scrambled by the provider to protect it from un-paying consumers. Your receiver ‘de-scrambles’ that signal and converts the signal into a format F ____________. Together these amazing components create a vividly clear digital picture for over 200 satellite channels.

1. which channel you want to watch
2. including a power source and a computer system
3. so that the broadcast can only be viewed by paying subscribers
4. so that they can broadcast the shows via satellite
5. how your satellite TV system works
6. making it possible for a satellite to broadcast hundreds of channels at the same time
7. that your television can handle

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Jonte faced playtime with mixed feelings. When the bell rang, the others would rush into the open air, laughing and chattering. He felt left out. Yet these were also times he enjoyed. He could daydream about how things might have been.

Sometimes, though, he would watch the play not directly, that would have been impossible but on the big screen in one of the classrooms. Cheering on his friends made him feel part of the action. Even through the screens, however, watching for long often made his eyes hurt. Sunlight reflected strongly off the silvery turf, and even more from the trees around the ground. Players in motion trailed flashes of light which left black spots in his vision.

It was during a tense game that the summons came through. The shelter Principal, no less, wanted him at once in his office. Jonte uttered a mild swearword, though realising that he had already been watching too long — his head was aching. He made his way to the admin sector, signalled his arrival and went in. The Principal was behind his desk directly opposite the door. He was a small man, with metallic black hair cut short, silver-grey hands in constant fidgety motion and an expression of perpetual irritation. He waved in the direction of a chair placed in front of the desk.

But to Jonte’s surprise, there were several other people in the office. It was difficult at first to see them all clearly: not only had the effects of watching the match still to wear off, but the lighting was poor. Perhaps the Principal had only remembered at the last minute to close the heavy shutters and switch on a lamp.

As his vision returned, Jonte’s surprise grew. The six men and two women, who sat in a half circle to one side, judging by their job tags, were senior… very senior. Four were from the administration. The two women and the other two men seemed to be scientists from different research bodies.

Jonte was used to the fact that other people were inscrutable. He would have been able to tell from gazing in a mirror into his own eyes, with their blue irises surrounding dark pupils, how he was feeling, even if he hadn’t known yet. But other people’s eyes were silver discs, giving away nothing. He could sometimes see from the rest of their faces whether they were happy or sad, smiling or frowning; but their skin reflected the light, so that he could never be quite sure. From the way they were sitting, he thought, the visitors seemed anxious.

‘Jonte’, the Principal said, ‘these people have a favour to ask, and I hope you can help them. Please sit down.’ Jonte’s surprise grew. What possible favour could these people want from someone like him? ‘I’ll help if I can’, he said.

‘You know,’ the Principal went on, ‘that you have had to grow up here because going outside would be dangerous. Your body wouldn’t be able to withstand the radiation, even at night-time. Ordinary people are born with protection; but in your case…’

‘So you see’, one of the women interjected quickly, ‘you are really a very interesting young man. We want you to let us get to know you better.’

‘The people here,’ the Principal resumed, ‘are from the government’s science and research council. They would like to take you to one of their centres in the south, where the facilities are supposed to be better than we can provide. ’

‘But I’m quite happy here,’ Jonte felt he should say. ‘My friends…’

‘… and in any case,’ the Principal insisted a trifle sourly, ‘you wouldn’t be able to stay much longer. The shelter is being closed down.’

Jonte took this in. ‘So when do I have to go?’ he asked.

‘If you can pack your things together quickly,’ one of the men replied, ‘we should like to move you this evening … say in an hour. Is that all right?’

An hour! The suddenness of it all puzzled Jonte. His condition had been known from the moment he had been born when his parents so he had been told had handed him over for special care. But it also excited him. Apart from a short journey when he had been much younger to a medical centre, he could not remember ever having left the shelter. He didn’t really have much to pack anyway.

(Adapted from ‘Fear No More’ by George Anthony)

12

When his friends rushed into the open air during playtime, Jonte felt

Ответ: .

13

When the summons came through, Jonte was
1) glad that he was able to have a rest.
2) annoyed that he had to stop watching the game.
3) eager to know what had happened.
4) in a hurry.
Ответ: .

14

The people in the Principal’s office were all

Ответ: .

15

In paragraph 6 the word ‘inscrutable’ means

Ответ: .

16

Jonte had to grow up in the shelter because
1) he was an orphan.
2) the world outside the shelter was dangerous.
3) his body was unable to withstand high temperature.
4) he would not manage to survive in the open air.
Ответ: .

17

The people offered to take Jonte to one of their centres because
1) Jonte was not quite happy here.
2) it was well equipped.
3) the Principal didn’t want Jonte to stay in the shelter.
4) the shelter could not provide good education for Jonte.
Ответ: .

18

Jonte was surprised because

Ответ: .

Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.

Обратите внимание, что по правилам ЕГЭ ответы нужно писать без пробелов и других знаков, например, правильный ответ ‘have done’ нужно будет записать как ‘havedone’, иначе ваш ответ не засчитается.

Choosing a Career

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

Edinburgh

Edinburgh is one of the most written-about cities on earth. Built on ancient volcanoes and first established because of its secure and

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The Archipelago

In the remote southern seas there is a cluster of islands. Each island is inhabited by a different race of people. Although physically they look alike, you can tell them 32____ by their styles of dress and their distinctive dialects. Each island has its own unique form of architecture. The only similarity between them is that each race builds in a manner that is 33____ odds with the environment. On rocky hillsides there are wooden huts and in wooded valleys you can see towns of brick. Arid uplands are irrigated and planted with leafy gardens, whereas, on fertile plains, the parks are paved with stone. 34____ their differences, the islanders coexist peacefully. There is rivalry over certain fishing waters but it rarely 35____ to more than a few heated exchanges.

At the centre of the archipelago, perhaps in the most favoured spot of all, lies an island that has been deserted for many generations. It looks very different from the rest: darker, taller, silent. There is no obvious reason 36____ its abandonment as it has good soil and plenty of freshwater.

Long ago, it was inhabited by farmers and fishermen much like everywhere else in the archipelago, but everything changed when they started building the first wall. As soon as it was finished a second circle of battlements began to rise from the centre, slightly narrower than the one before, so that from faraway the island 37____ an enormous wedding cake.

Nobody can explain why the wall was started but there are many theories as to why it was never finished. Some say that so many had perished during its construction, that no one dared halt the work and thereby admit that it had all been in vain. Others claim that the builders simply 38____ out of materials. But one thing is certain, the predicted threat never arrived and the people at the centre of the archipelago had, quite simply, bricked themselves in.

32

Ответ: .

33

Ответ: .

34

Ответ: .

35

Ответ: .

36

Ответ: .

37

Ответ: .

38

Ответ: .

Ваш результат: пока 0.

Мы опубликовали для вас уже более 10 разборов заданий 32-38 с сайта ФИПИ. О чем мы только не рассказывали: и том, как можно не пользуясь переводом, выполнить задание правильно и о том, как работать с синонимичными рядами. И, конечно же, мы поделились с вами лайфхаками и идиомами, которые встречаются чаще всего. А поскольку экзамены уже совсем скоро, мы продолжаем делиться с вами полезной информацией и предлагаем новую статью «St.Paul’s School ЕГЭ: детальный разбор и ответы».

Читайте, берите на заметку и делитесь со своими друзьями. Приступим! 

St.Paul’s School ЕГЭ: детальный разбор и ответы

В тексте «St. Paul’s School», который представлен на сайте ФИПИ, используется старая нумерация A22-A28, как вы можете видеть на изображении. При разборе мы заменили ее на новую A32-A38.

A32. Чтобы подобрать правильный ответ к этому заданию, необходимо проанализировать грамматические особенности предложения. Зачастую это необходимо делать именно при выборе глагола, так как среди глаголов, есть такие, которые имеют предложные управления или требуют to+инфинитив или V-ing после себя. Давайте посмотрим, что стоит после пропуска.

I also A32 _______ going to St. Paul’s School at the age of eleven.

Ответ:

• review
• remind
• remember
• repeat

А там как раз V-ing: going, что говорит о том, что среди предложенных вариантов есть такой глагол, после которого употребляется такая форма.

Давайте посмотрим, как ведет себя каждый из глаголов:

review: после этого глагола должно идти беспредложное дополнение review smth — рассматривать что-то

remind: может использоваться следующим образом

• remind smb about smth — напоминать о чем-то
• remind smb to do smth — напоминать кому-то сделать что-то

remember: есть два варианта использования этого глагола.

• remember + to + инфинитив — не забыть что-то сделать
• remember + V-ing — помнить о чем-то, что уже было сделано

repeat: после этого глагола идет беспредложное дополнение repeat smth – повторять что-то

Из всех предложенных вариантов с точки зрения грамматики подходит remember. Он и является правильным ответом.

Кстати, узнать подробнее о remember, remind и других глаголах и о разнице между ними можно из нашей статьи, а если хотите проверить свои знания, то пройдите тест. Приятного прочтения!

Ответ: remember

А33. Перейдем к следующему заданию, и оно посвящено словам-связкам в английском языке.

At my prep school I was top in almost every subject without having to do much more than any other child, and A33 _______ I was called “swot” or “swotty”, it never worried me.

Ответ:

• however
• although
• therefore
• nevertheless

На заметку: когда вам встречаются подобные задания, первое, на что стоит обратить внимание, — это пунктуация. Наличие или отсутствие запятой позволит исключить несколько несоответствующих вариантов на начальном этапе работы с этим заданием. А далее уже предстоит подставлять оставшиеся коннекторы в предложение с пропуском и смотреть, что подходит по смыслу.

Приступим к анализу вариантов. Среди них есть три вводных слова: however, therefore, nevertheless, а это значит, что после них должна обязательно стоять запятая. Посмотрим, есть ли запятая в предложении с пропуском. Ее нет, следовательно, можно исключить все три варианта и, таким образом, остается союз although «хотя».

Смотрите, вот так просто, быстро и даже без перевода можно выполнять задания 32-38. Ведь порой достаточно знать пунктуационные или грамматические особенности, как в случае с A32, чтобы выполнить задание правильно.

Более подробно о всех нюансах, связанных со словами-связками, мы рассказываем в серии наших статей. Переходите по ссылкам и расширяйте свои знания по этой теме (linking words: 1 тип, 2 тип (1 часть, 2 часть, 3 часть), 3 тип). Убедиться, насколько хорошо вы разбираетесь в этой теме, поможет тест.

Ответ: although

А34. Время от времени в тренировочных тестовых заданиях встречается задание на фразовые глаголы с turn. И среди их множества чаще остальных проверяется turn out. Это связано с тем, что после него идет to + инфинитив, который придает ему новое значение «оказаться». Поэтому если вам достался такой глагол, первым делом проверьте, нет ли после него to+инфинитив, это сэкономит вам время. Ведь если он стоит после пропуска, значит turn out и есть правильный вариант ответа.

Давайте проверим, что стоит после пропуска в данном тексте, чтобы понять, оставлять ли этот вариант и скорее вписывать его в бланк ответов как правильный или продолжать искать дальше, основываясь на переводе каждого линкера.

At St. Paul’s there turned A24 _______ to be several boys who were clever, but none of them could touch me when it came to maths.

Ответ:

• over
• off
• in
• out

После пропуска стоит to be, значит, что значит, out и есть правильный ответ.

Ответ: out

А35. Начнем с того, что посмотрим на предложенные варианты ответов.

I couldn’t wait for the next algebraic equation, a further geometric puzzle or the challenge of solving an arithmetic test in my head while others in the form sucked their pencils as they A35 _______ pages of figures.

Ответ:

• reflected
• thought
• considered
• judged

Поскольку перед нами не синонимичный ряд, где нужно разбираться в особенностях значений, здесь просто нужно перевести каждый глагол и подставить его в пропуск.

reflect (reflected)– отражать
think (thought) – думать
consider (considered) – размышлять
judge (judged) — судить

I couldn’t wait for the next algebraic equation, a further geometric puzzle or the challenge of solving an arithmetic test in my head while others in the form sucked their pencils as they A35 _______ pages of figures. — Я с нетерпением ждал следующего алгебраического уравнения, геометрической задачи или сложного теста по математике, который я бы решал в голове, в то время как другие в классе грызли карандаши, когда отражали/думали/размышляли/судили над страницами с цифрами.

Как видим, по переводу подходят 2 варианта: thought и considered. Однако у одного из них, а именно think, есть особенности при построении предложения в значении «думать над»: think of/about smth. А так как после пропуска ни того ни другого предлога нет, правильным ответом будет considered.

Ответ: considered

А36. Задание с данным синонимичным рядом мы уже не раз разбирали, поэтому дадим сразу ответ — said.

…but my form master A36 _______ none of this was important because I was obviously going to be a mathematician for the rest of my life.

Ответ:

• spoke
• said
• talked
• told

Более подробно о разнице между say, tell, speak, talk мы рассказываем здесь. Кроме того, у вас есть прекрасная возможность проверить свои знания на эту тему, выполнив тест.

Ответ: said

A37. При выполнении данного задания стоит перевести каждое слово и подставить в пропуск.

Mum had gone to London University, but she A37 _______ had to work to keep Dad “in the style to which he’d become accustomed.”

Ответ:

• still
• even
• just
• so

still — все еще
even — даже
just — лишь, только что
so — так, поэтому

Mum had gone to London University, but she A37 _______ had to work to keep Dad “in the style to which he’d become accustomed.” — Мама поступила в Лондонский университет, но она все еще/даже/лишь, только что/ так, поэтому вынуждена была работать, чтобы отец мог вести тот образ жизни, к которому он привык.

Подставив все варианты, мы видим, что подходит still.

Ответ: still

A38. Такое задание тоже уже встречалось. Просто напомним вам, что если среди вариантов есть used, начните проверку именно с него, так как в отличие от всех остальных он требует to + инфинитив, который как раз мы и видим после пропуска. Следовательно, это и будет правильным вариантом ответа.

Or that’s what I A38 _______ to hear Mum telling him at breakfast from time to time.

Ответ:

• held
• used
• kept
• made

Ответ: used

Множество тематических тестовых заданий из раздела 32-38 вы можете найти в нашей рубрике «Задания 32-38». А еще больше подобных разборов ищите в нашей новой рубрике «ФИПИ ответы».

Разбор следующего текста «After the war» уже совсем скоро. Следите за обновлениями и совершенствуйте свой английский вместе с ABC.