What do we learn about vanessa at the beginning of the interview ответы егэ

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Interviewer: Hello, everyone, this is your favourite weekly program «Writers». Today we are happy to have here Vanessa Silver, a famous writer who has won numerous awards for her short fiction. Her novels are described as extraordinary, lyrical, moving, yet funny. Hello, Vanessa.

Vanessa: Good afternoon, thank you for inviting me.

Interviewer: I’ve always wondered to know how people understand they were born to write books. You see, writer is not a common profession. When did you first start writing?

Vanessa: I started writing when I was still a child. I produced a newspaper at the age of six. The first edition was written in blue crayon. I wrote dreadful poetry when I was in my teens. I’ve still got it and it makes me giggle. I didn’t write much apart from comedy, skits and sketches until I started writing fiction properly in late 2002.

Interviewer: How did you go about starting your first novel?

Vanessa: I remember I was once shopping in Brighton during a thunderstorm. I dashed into a bookshop and I picked up a random book. I drove home, sat down with some tea in my wet trousers and I didn’t get up again until I had finished it. 400 pages! I have to thank that man so much! That’s when I turned from someone who had bought a book to someone who would become a writer. It pushed the switch, it unlocked the feeling of «I want to do this».

Interviewer: Apart from being a writer you are also a lecturer. How did you get into teaching?

Vanessa: I think I found a thing that I loved doing and I wanted to pass on the love of doing it. I’m a totally non-academic tutor, I’m very craft-based and I try to open up creativity in people, literally in every person.

Interviewer: Do you believe everybody has a story to tell?

Vanessa: I think that storytelling is almost innate in us. People sat round fires and caves in the stone age, telling each other stories. I don’t think they would have just said «I went off and got a mammoth today». We have an ability to hang on to the important parts and drip-feed people with the important bits. You don’t give it up all upfront. You make them wanna know the next bit. Keep them involved by creating the character that draws them in and putting that character in a situation they can empathise with. Make the reader want to find out how they resolve this thing.

Interviewer: What is your advice for writers who are just starting?

Vanessa: Read as much as you can, not just the things you’re told to read to parents, tutors and reviewers. Read anything, both good books and bad ones. Whatever genre you wanna work in, you’ve got to get a sense for when you’re improving. Write as much as you can and at some point you will find that the words take on a shape and rhythm of their own. It’s almost a physical thing to recognise what it feels like. That moment when you change from being a person in charge of the pen to someone not deliberately creating something. You’ll find the point when the character takes off and does their own thing. You need to recognise that and not refuse to let the character do what they want. Don’t use the character as the puppet, be a tool to the character, so you’re following along behind them. Listen to your own instincts as a writer and then edit. That may mean cutting a huge amount of words or cutting down a story by a third. I think a lot of writers don’t do enough, they leave it raw. There is no point in doing things by half.

Interviewer: Thank you, Vanessa, it has been very interesting talking to you.

Vanessa: Thank you.

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1. What do we learn about Peter Green at the beginning of the interview?
1) He has no experience of working in Hollywood.
2) His parents were quite rich people.
3) His childhood years weren’t easy.

2. How does Peter describe himself at the beginning of his TV career?
1) Uneducated.
2) Inexperienced.
3) Discouraged.

3. What helped Peter to get his first TV job?
1) Writing 25 scripts.
2 Meeting a TV boss.
3) Doing things his way.

4. What did Peter feel while working on his first project?
1) Confidence.
2) Enthusiasm.
3) Uncertainty.

5. How does Peter’s teaching experience help him be a producer?
1) He learnt teambuilding techniques at school.
2) He knows how to deal with different people.
3) He can be a strict mentor for his team now.

6. Which of the following is TRUE about Peter at work?
1) He is ready to build up his team.
2) He has a low opinion of TV in general.
3) He never invites any freelancers.

7. What does Peter dislike about his present job?
1) Having to travel to and from work.
2) Having too many colleagues.
3) Having to work very quickly.

1 – 3
2 – 2
3 – 3
4 – 2
5 – 2
6 – 1
7 – 1

Упр. 38 | 39 | 40

1 variant

1. A uniform makes
the school a better organized place.

2. Uniforms help
improve the discipline at schools.

3. Uniforms can
help prevent crimes at school.

4. Uniforms will
not make life at school better.

5. Uniforms can
teach students how to behave professionally.

6. Getting used to
uniforms is good for a future career.

7. Uniforms make
students focus more on their learning.

A. Jake succeeded
in his school-leaving exams.

B. Jake has an
elder brother.

C. Jake wants to
teach the subject Miss Clark teaches.

D. Miss Clark is
surprised with Jake’s career choice.

E. Jake doesn’t
believe in the abilities of every student.

F. Miss Clark
thinks Jake’s made the right choice.

G. Miss Clark
isn’t happy to hear Jake’s words.

A	B	C	D	E	F	G

3.  What do we
learn about Alice at the beginning of the interview?

1) She has an
Academy award already.

2) She’s 18 years
old.

3) She was born in
Brazil.

4. At present,
Nigel’s main ambition is to work on …

1) trans-Atlantic
flights.

2) popular
international flights.

3) local flights.

5. What is necessary
to understand one’s dreams?

1) Communicating
with people.

2) Deep
self-reflexion.

3) Analyzing
others’ plans.

6. The reason for
buying a plastic camera was that it

1) allowed him to
take original pictures.

2) was not very
expensive.

3) was light to
carry around.

7. “The Ecological
Calendar” is

1) completely
identical to “the Book of Days”.

2) absolutely
different from “the Book of Days”.

3) partly similar
to “the Book of Days”.

8. If Amy hadn’t
become an actress, her parents would have

1) understood and
supported her.

2) been displeased
with her.

3) insisted on her
joining the family business.

9. Chris thinks that
dancers are great to work with because they

1) are lively and
enthusiastic.

2) can cope with
any problem.

3) can work long
hours.

1. Reasons to be afraid 2. Fight your fear 3. A place of wonders 4. How to say thank you

5. Visiting for wild life and animals 6. Learn to be grateful 7. It’s never late to learn 8. Reading non-verbal language

A. Nowadays when
it’s all too easy to send an email or text, the best way to show that you are
grateful to somebody is to actually mail a hand-written card. The person who
gets it will know you took the extra time and thought to write a card and put
it in the mail with a nice stamp. That person will appreciate your efforts much
more. Plus, you’ll get the added bonus of feeling grateful a little longer than
usual as you write out each note and wait for it to arrive.

B. Music is a noble
passion, and people who can play a musical instrument have always been seen as
intelligent people. Learning how to play a musical instrument is far more
efficient if you do it in childhood. However, there are millions of adults who
learn to enjoy music throughout their lives. Moreover, they don’t focus on just
one instrument, but specialize in two or even more, if they have the time and
the necessary ambition.

C. Millions of
people avoid air travel each year because of their fear of flying. The fear of
accidents happening is probably the most common fear among air travellers. It
is an understandable fear, since there have been many aviation accidents
throughout history. Some people may have a fear that the plane has some type of
malfunction or breakdown, while others may have a fear that the weather or
turbulance will affect the plane.

D. Try to understand
that being scared is just an illusion that makes you limited and miserable.
Take control of your mind and don’t let your imagination create frightening
pictures in your head. If you cannot deal with it, you should make attempts to
leave your comfort zone. Choose things and activities you are afraid of and
meet your worries face to face, because it is impossible to run away from them.
Just face your troubles no matter how powerful they may seem.

E. When you get
chronically bored with something, your mind gets used to seeing the world
negatively. It is necessary to break the chain of negative thoughts and train
your mind to notice the best. Just write down 5 things you are thankful for.
This way, your mind will change for the better in a while. The thankfulness
will open your eyes to the beauty of the world around you and will help you to
focus on positive moments in your life.

F. If you go to Ireland,
go to isolated distant places in the country, talk to the locals and they will
tell you the stories about the mythical Irish place, called the Otherworld.
They believe that it is the land of paradise and happiness. In Irish poetry and
tales, it is described as a series of islands near Ireland where the various
fairytale creatures lived. Also the Otherworld seemed to be able to move from
one location to another.

G. Many people can
understand the nature of character without talking to the person they are
interested in. The gestures and postures usually reflect the mood and the level
of the person’s confidence. It’s easy to notice a highly confident person even
in a big group of people. They stand in one place without constant moving from
place to place, and they always make eye contact with the person they are
talking to.

Peter and Paul
Fortress

The
Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the
historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the
history of the fortress.

Since
1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the
lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the
Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was
founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French
engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known
A_______________________.

The
fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B_______________________.
The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C_____________________, has remained since
the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D_______________________
emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of
the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross,
E_______________________, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the
opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the
time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress
F_______________________ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress
has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its
existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress
has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.

1. as the day of
the birth of St. Petersburg

2. which was
designed by D. Trezzini

3. which was the
burial place of Russian

4. and reminding
of the rich history of the city

5. as the most protected
part of the city

6. which is
located on the spire of the cathedral

7. that are
located at the corners

Mind over mass media

New forms of media have always caused
moral panic: the printing press, newspapers, and television were all once
denounced as threats to their consumers’ brainpower and moral fiber. So too
with electronic technologies. PowerPoint, we’re told, is reducing discourse to
bullet points. Search engines lower our intelligence, encouraging us to skim on
the surface of knowledge rather than dive to its depths. Twitter is shrinking
our attention spans.

But such panic often fails basic reality
checks. When comic books were accused of turning juveniles into criminals in
the 1950s, crime was falling to record lows. The decades of television,
transistor radios and rock videos were also decades in which I.Q. scores rose
continuously.

For a reality check today, take the state
of science, which demands high levels of brainwork. These days scientists are
never far from their e-mail, rarely touch paper and cannot lecture without
PowerPoint. If electronic media were hazardous to intelligence, the quality of
science would be plummeting. Yet discoveries are multiplying like fruit flies,
and progress is dizzying.

Critics of new media sometimes use science
itself to press their case, citing research that shows how “experience can
change the brain”. But cognitive neuroscientists roll their eyes at such talk.
Experience does not remake the basic information-processing capacities of the
brain. Speed-reading programs have long claimed to do just that, but the
verdict was rendered by Woody Allen after he read “War and Peace” in one
sitting: “It was about Russia.”

Moreover, the effects of experience are
highly specific to the experiences themselves. If you train people to do one
thing, they get better at doing that thing, but almost nothing else. Music
doesn’t make you better at math. Accomplished people immerse themselves in
their fields. Novelists read lots of novels, scientists read lots of science.

The effects of consuming electronic media
are also likely to be far more limited than the panic implies. Media critics
write as if the brain takes on the qualities of whatever it consumes, the
informational equivalent of “you are what you eat”. As with primitive peoples
who believe that eating fierce animals will make them fierce, they assume that
reading Twitter postings turns your thoughts into Twitter postings.

Yes, the continual arrival of information
packets can be distracting or addictive. But distraction is not a new
phenomenon. The solution is to develop strategies of self-control. Turn off
Twitter when you work and put away your smart phone at dinner time.

And to encourage intellectual depth, don’t
rail at PowerPoint or Google. It’s not as if habits of deep reflection or
thorough research ever came naturally to people. They must be acquired in universities,
and maintained with constant analysis, criticism and debate. They are not
granted by propping a heavy encyclopedia on your lap, nor are they taken away
by efficient access to information on the Internet.

The new media have caught on for a reason.
Knowledge is increasing exponentially; human brainpower and waking hours are
not. Fortunately, the Internet and information technologies are helping us
manage and search our collective intellectual output at different scales, from
Twitter to e-books and online encyclopedias. Far from making us stupid, these
technologies are the only things that will keep us smart.

12. At the beginning
of the article the author reminds that the new media technologies …

1) turn our
attention off morals.

2) used to
frighten the majority of people.

3) improve human
brainpower.

4) could make
people less intelligent.

13. What has life
proved about electronic technologies according to the author?

1) Scientists
can’t do without them.

2) They could
increase the crime level.

3) They don’t
disrupt brainwork.

4) Television
influences intelligence.

14. According to the
author, the arguments of the critics of new media make neuroscientists feel …

1) annoyed.

2) amused.

3) surprised.

4) confused.

15. What does the example
of Woody Allen’s reading of “War and Peace” illustrate?

1) Scientific
research of brain supports critics of new media.

2) Technology
hardly influences the way brain deals with information.

3) Experience with
technology is significant for intellectual abilities.

4) Speed-reading
programs improve information-processing.

16. The phrasal verb
“takes on” in “Media critics write as if the brain takes on the qualities …”
(paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to …

1) adapts.

2) changes.

3) acquires.

4) rejects.

17.Which negative
effect of information flood does the author recognize?

1) Inefficient
access to data.

2) Lack of
self-control.

3) Continuous
distraction.

4) Shallow
mindedness.

18. What idea is
expressed in the last paragraph?

1) New media help
us keep up with life.

2) Human knowledge
is developing too fast.

3) New media are
the result of collective brainwork.

4) There are
different ways to manage knowledge.

Did
you know?

19	Here are some interesting facts about Australia. Canberra __________________ as the capital because Sydney and Melbourne could not stop arguing which city should be the capital of Australia.	CHOOSE
20	The sports capital of the world has 70 percent of __________________ total population participating at least once a week in a particular recreational activity or sport.	IT
21	80 % of Australians believe Australia has a strong culture and identity characterized by honesty, sports and multiculturalism based on research __________________ by the Australia Day Council of NSW in 2008.	ORGANISE

The
wolf and the goat

22	A hungry wolf was out searching for a meal. He __________________ a goat feeding on grass on top of a high cliff. The wolf wished to get the goat to climb down from the rock and into his grasp and he called out to her.	SEE
23	“Excuse me, dear Goat,” he said in a friendly voice, “It is very dangerous for you to be at such a height. Do come down before you injure yourself. Besides, the grass is much __________________ down here. Take my advice, and please come down from that high cliff.”	GREEN
24	But the goat knew too well of the wolf’s intent. “You __________________ if I eat good grass or bad.	NOT CARE
25	What you care about is __________________ me.”	EAT

Texas
Rodeo

26	The rodeo is a really exciting event. It is a thrilling ________________ between cowboys from all over the country.	COMPETE
27	It has a long tradition and even today there are rodeo schools which keep it alive and __________________.	PROFESSION
28	The rodeo is a spectacular sight. If a __________________ has a place in the first row of the arena, he or she may even be sprinkled with sand by the passing horses.	VISIT
29	The __________________ usually starts with an opening ceremony by horsemen dressed in bright colours and carrying flags.	PERFORM
30	All through the show the master of the ceremony __________________ jokes with special clowns.	CONSTANT
31	A rodeo in Texas is certainly an exciting experience which is practically __________________ for a tourist to forget.	POSSIBLE

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It
is not hard at all to 32 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss.
Exceptional leaders – those who are respected and 33 ______ by their team –
have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships –
both with your team and your partners – is crucial in leading a team. That
means your success depends greatly 34 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional
intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand,
and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a
part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 35 ______
goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top
factor for a leader’s success. 36 ______ to the research, managers with the
strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who
regularly 37 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what
they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-to-day work
has more purpose.

Great leaders 38 ______ sure their
daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always
follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning
they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful,
objective approach to problems or issues.

32. 1) speak     2)
talk     3) tell     4) say

33. 1) amazed     2)
impressed     3) enjoyed     4) admired

34. 1) in     2) on    
3) from     4) for

35. 1) worshiped     2)
admired     3) beloved     4) fancied

36. 1) Regarding     2)
Concerning     3) Including     4) According

37. 1) review     2)
revise     3) recall     4) remind

38. 1) hold     2)
make     3) take     4) keep

39. You have received
a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Molly who writes:

     I looked
after my little sister. Do you think babysitting is a hard work? Do you agree
to look after kids when parents ask you to do it? Would you like to be a single
child in the family? Why?

    Moreover, I’m
going to visit New York with my cousin soon and stay there for a week.

Write a letter to
Molly.

In your letter

— answer her
questions

— ask 3
questions about her visit to New York.

 Write 100–140
words.

Remember the rules
of letter writing.

40. Comment on the
following statement.

Space exploration was the greatest
achievement of the 20^th century.

What is your
opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Write 200–250
words.

Use the following
plan:

— make an
introduction (state the problem)

— express your
personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion

— express an
opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion

— explain why you
don’t agree with the opposing opinion

— make a
conclusion restating your position

41.

Imagine that you are preparing a project
with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation
and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the
text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than
1.5 minutes to read it.

42.

Study the advertisement.

 You are considering joining the
Chess Club and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are
to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:

1) activities

2) training
courses

3) membership fee

4) location

5) getting to the
place

You have 20
seconds to ask each question.

43.

These are photos from your photo album.
Choose one photo to describe to your friend.

 You will have to start
speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15
sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:

• where and when
the photo was taken

• what/who is in
the photo

• what is
happening

• why you keep the
photo in your album

• why you decided
to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk
continuously, starting with: «I’ve chosen photo number… «

44.

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes
be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

• give a brief
description of the photos (action, location)

• say what the
pictures have in common

• say in what way
the pictures are different

• say which of the
activities presented in the pictures you’d prefer

• explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes
(12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.

 

1.Speaker A
I honestly support school uniforms and let me explain why. I think one of the problems
our current generation is facing is that they are all influenced by gang culture.
It is the root cause of numerous evils at schools, and many people from my school
are members in the so-called school gangs. With uniforms, I believe, there are not
so many chances for conflicts and violence. Besides, it creates a healthy team
culture and harmony on campus.
Speaker B
I think when a person hears the word ‘school’, the first two things that come
to mind are discipline and rules. Everybody knows that we kids love to break
rules and it is hard to make us obey. Almost daily at schools, it is common to
spend some time making us obey certain rules and disciplining us. Making us
wear a uniform is a part of it but I don’t think there’s any point in trying to
do so because kids will be kids. They never obey.
Speaker C
My school has a dress code which is not exactly a uniform and some students
treat this too creatively. Every morning our teachers start to check our
clothes and so on. This happens during the first class so I think a lot of
valuable lesson time could be saved if we had a strict uniform policy at
school. People in charge would not have to worry about checking what each and
every student is wearing and whether it’s acceptable or not.
Speaker D
My school doesn’t have a uniform and I don’t like it. You may be surprised but look
– the best schools in the country do have uniforms and nobody there minds that!
I think a uniform creates a sense of belonging and a feeling of pride amongst students
towards their institution. I think students wearing a school uniform are more
likely to develop a sense of community spirit which can be later quite useful at
work with teambuilding and things like that.
Speaker E
I think school isn’t about studies now. It’s more about hanging out at the
canteen, and playing music but you rarely hear anyone having a good
conversation about a lecture. I wish we had a uniform to help us concentrate
more on our studies. When all students are wearing a similar outfit, they are
less concerned about what other people are wearing. They tend to bond nicely
with peers and can create an environment where they can learn in a group.
Speaker F
I support uniforms because I think they are useful for my future career. Dress codes
and uniforms are a part of practically every job now. Professionalism is very important
as we grow up and especially when we enter a corporate setup. Of course, I
understand that there are no uniforms in some offices but I believe professionalism
is what uniform-friendly children are better at than casually dressed kids. So
I don’t mind wearing a uniform to school.

A3 — they
(generation) are influenced by gang culture… it’s the root cause of numerous
evels at schools… with uniforms I believe there is not so many chances for
conflicts and violence.

B4 —
…disciplining us, making us wear a uniform is a part of it. There is no point
in trying to do so. Kids will be kids. They never obey.

C1 — A lot of
valuable lesson time could be saved if we had a strict uniform policy at
school. People in charge would not have to worry about checking what
each and every student is wearing and whether it is acceptable or not.

D6 — The best
schools in the country do have uniforms. A uniform creates a sense of
belonging, a feeling of pride among students towards their institution. I
think students wearing a uniform are more likely to develop a sense of
community spirit which can be later quite useful at work with team building
and things like that.

E7 — …school is
not about studies now… it’s about hanging out at the canteen… rarely hear a
good conversation about a lecture. I wish we had a uniform to help us
concentrate more on our studies.

F5 — I support uniforms because I think
they are useful for my future career. Professionalism is very important as
we grow up. Professionalism is something uniform friendly children are better
at than casually dressed kids.

Ответ: 341675

2. Расшифровка
записи
Teacher: Hello, Jake. You look great
today.
Jake: Good evening, Miss Clark. Thank you for the compliment.
Teacher: I hope you’ll enjoy the party. After all, your classmates and you have
certainly deserved it. You worked so hard during the academic year, and you passed
your exams with flying colours. My colleagues and I are so proud of you all.
Jake: Oh, Miss Clark, of course we did a good job, but we are very grateful to
our teachers. If not for you, our results wouldn’t be so good.
Teacher: It’s good to know that. Thank you. So, Jake, what are you going to do after
the prom? Are you going to have a gap year?
Jake: Most of my classmates are going to travel somewhere, but I won’t be able
to join them. I’m going straight to college.
Teacher: Why? Don’t you like to travel?
Jake: Of course, I do. Everybody likes to travel, don’t they? It’s just that
this summer isn’t a good time to do it because I’ll have to help my brother.
He’s just had surgery, you know.
Teacher: I hope your brother is doing fine. How did the operation go?
Jake: It all went fine, thank you. The full recovery will take some time, but
he’ll be absolutely fine in a couple of months.
Teacher: Oh, that’s excellent news. So, what college did you choose?
Jake: I’m going to Birmingham University. I want to be a teacher, like you.
Teacher: Really? I would never have thought you had chosen this career.
Jake: Well, I think it’s the most rewarding job in the world, so …
Teacher: It is, but mind you, not every student will succeed in your class. Sometimes,
when one of your students fails, you blame yourself for it.
Jake: I think that’s true about many jobs, like doctors, for instance. I
believe that
every student has the potential for success and it’ll be so exciting because
each
new academic year will present new challenges and new potential successes.
Teacher: Well, Jake, if you are able to look at it that way, teaching is
definitely
Jake: Thank you, Miss Clark. It’s you and your colleagues who have inspired me.
Teacher: Thank you. Now it’s high time for you to join your friends, and it’s
time
for me to wipe away the tears – your words are so touching.
Jake: Sorry if I’ve upset you.
Teacher: No, that’s fine. It’s always good to hear such things, you know. See
you
later, Jake.
Jake: See you.

A1 — Miss Clark: You passed your exams with
flying colours (фразеологизм, означает «прекрасно«).

B3 — Джейк будет помогать брату
после операции, то есть брат у него есть, но ничего не сказано о его возрасте.

С3 — I want to be a teacher like
you. Джейк
хочет стать учителем, но не сказано, того же предмета, что и мисс Кларк или
нет.

D1 — I would never have thought you
had chosen that career. (Учительница удивлена, говорит, что
никогда бы не подумала…)

E2 — Every student has a potential for
success. (Джейк
как раз верит в способности каждого).

F1 — Teaching is definitely your cup of
tea. (Фразеологизм,
означает «то, что подходит.»)

G2 — Your words are so touching. It’s
always good to hear such things. (Мисс Кларк тронута, ей приятно слышать
такие слова ученика.) 

Ответ: 1331212

10. A4
— the best way to show that you are grateful to somebody is to actually mail a
hand-written card.

B7 — However, there are millions of adults
who learn to enjoy music throughout their lives.

C1 — Some people may have a fear
that the plane has some type of malfunction or breakdown, while others may
have a fear that the weather or turbulance will affect the plane.

D2 — Take control of your mind and don’t
let your imagination create frightening pictures in your head.

E6 — write down 5 things you are thankful
for. This way, your mind will change for the better in a while.

F3 — the land of paradise and happiness…
where the various fairytale creatures lived.

G8 — Many people can understand the nature
of character without talking. he gestures and postures usually reflect the mood
and the level of the person’s confidence.

 11. A1
— Этот день хорошо известен «как день основания города»

B7 — bastions — множественное
число. Нужен фрагмент, согласующийся с существительным во множественном числе,
описывающий эти бастионы. that ARE located.

C2 — пропущенный отрывок —
non-defying clause, уточняющее придаточное, выделяется запятыми, может быть
убрано из предложения без потери смысла, дает дополнительную информацию.

D3 — после пропуска идет слово
emperors, императоры. Предыдущий фрагмент связан по смыслу и грамматике.

E6 — Weathervane — флюгер, может быть только на шпиле (spire of the
cathedral).

F5 — Пропущенный фрагмент
объясняет, почему монетный двор был переведен в крепость.

 Ответ:
172365

12. New forms of media have always caused
moral panic: the printing press, newspapers, and
television were all once denounced as threats to their consumers’ brainpower
and moral fiber.

Правильный ответ указан под номером
2.

13. The decades of
television, transistor radios and rock videos were also decades in which I.Q.
scores rose continuously. If electronic media were hazardous to
intelligence, the quality of science would be plummeting. Yet discoveries are
multiplying like fruit flies, and progress is dizzying.

14. «neuroscientists roll
their eyes at such talk.» Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English:To
roll one’s eyes means to show that you are really annoyed or think
something is silly. To roll one’s eyes — закатывать глаза,
показывая, что вас что-то раздражает или вы считаете услышанное глупостью.

Правильный ответ указан под номером
1.

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Аудирование

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ЕГЭ по английскому языку начинается с девяти заданий на аудирование. В сумме за них можно получить 20 баллов, а это достаточно много. Поэтому к выполнению подобных заданий нужно хорошо подготовиться – сложно получить высокие баллы, не имея привычки именно к формату ЕГЭ. Даже те люди, которые владеют английским языком на уровне B2-C1, но не готовились к этим заданиям с учетом их структуры, могут набрать неожиданно мало баллов – умение бегло воспринимать английскую речь на слух очень важно, но его может быть недостаточно.

Нужно хорошо укладываться в строго ограниченное время, быстро читать текст задания и знать его формат. Начинать подготовку к аудированию нужно заблаговременно, чтобы привыкнуть к такому формату заданий – в Интернете можно найти множество вариантов. А для дополнительной тренировки навыка понимания речи на слух хорошо подходят различные подкасты для всех уровней сложности, которых сейчас тоже немало.

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Первое задание

Первое задание может принести сразу 6 баллов. В задании приводится 7 утверждений, отражающих основную мысль текстов. Как правило, они все связаны общей темой –  например, это могут быть тексты об окружающей среде, об одежде, о личных страхах или о еде. Нужно прочитать и осмыслить их за 20 секунд, после чего на магнитофоне включаются идущие подряд 6 записей небольших высказываний. Их нужно соотнести с приведенными в задании утверждении, одно из которых окажется лишним. Запись повторится дважды. Давайте рассмотрим пример задания с приведенными скриптами аудиозаписи.

Вы услы­ши­те 6 высказываний. Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между вы­ска­зы­ва­ни­я­ми каж­до­го го­во­ря­ще­го A–F и утверждениями, дан­ны­ми в спис­ке 1–7. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дое утверждение, обо­зна­чен­ное со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей цифрой, толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии есть одно лиш­нее утверждение. Вы услыши­те за­пись дважды.

1. A uniform makes the school a better organized place.
2. Uniforms help improve the discipline at schools.
3. Uniforms can help prevent crimes at school.
4. Uniforms will not make life at school better.
5. Uniforms can teach students how to behave professionally.
6. Getting used to uniforms is good for a future career.
7. Uniforms make students focus more on their learning.

SpeakerA

I honestly support school uniforms and let me explain why. I think one of the problems our current generation is facing is that they are all influenced by gang culture. It is the root cause of numerous evils at schools, and many people from my school are members in the so-called school gangs. With uniforms, I believe, there are not so many chances for conflicts and violence. Besides, it creates a healthy team culture and harmony on campus.

SpeakerB

I think when a person hears the word ‘school’, the first two things that come to mind are discipline and rules. Everybody knows that we kids love to break rules and it is hard to make us obey. Almost daily at schools, it is common to spend some time making us obey certain rules and disciplining us. Making us wear a uniform is a part  of it but I don’t think there’s any point in trying to do so because kids will be kids. They never obey.

SpeakerC

My school has a dress code which is not exactly a uniform and some students treatthis too creatively. Every morning our teachers start to check our clothes and so on. This happens during the first class so I think a lot of valuable lesson time could be saved if we had a strict uniform policy at school. People in charge would not have
to worry about checking what each and every student is wearing and whether it’s acceptable or not.

SpeakerD

My school doesn’t have a uniform and I don’t like it. You may be surprised but look – the best schools in the country do have uniforms and nobody there minds that! I think a uniform creates a sense of belonging and a feeling of pride amongst students towards their institution. I think students wearing a school uniform are more likely to develop a sense of community spirit which can be later quite useful at work with teambuilding and things like that.

SpeakerE

I think school isn’t about studies now. It’s more about hanging out at the canteen, and playing music but you rarely hear anyone having a good conversation about a lecture. I wish we had a uniform to help us concentrate more on our studies. When all students are wearing a similar outfit, they are less concerned about what other
people are wearing. They tend to bond nicely with peers and can create an environment where they can learn in a group.

SpeakerF

I support uniforms because I think they are useful for my future career. Dress codes and uniforms are a part of practically every job now. Professionalism is very important as we grow up and especially when we enter a corporate setup. Of course, I understand that there are no uniforms in some offices but I believe professionalism is what uniform-friendly children are better at than casually dressed kids. So I don’t mind wearing a uniform to school.

Как мы видим, тема данного задания – школьная форма. Значит, во время второго прослушивания высказываний нужно фиксировать внимание на тех предложениях, где упоминается это слово. В первом высказывании человек сразу говорит, что поддерживает школьную форму, приводя аргумент ближе к концу монолога – With uniforms, I believe, there are not so many chances for conflicts and violence. Это лучше всего соотносится с третьей фразой – Uniforms can help prevent crimes at school. Во втором высказывании человек говорит, что попытки заставить детей соблюдать дисциплину в школе безрезультатны – следовательно, форма ничего здесь не изменит. Это соответствует четвертому утверждению.  Автор третьего высказывания говорит, что из-за отсутствия формы большая часть первых уроков тратится зря и считает, что форма помогает лучше организовать школьную деятельность и сохранить время – здесь подходит первое высказывание.

В четвертом высказывании говорится, что если в школе введена форма, у учеников развивается чувство сплоченности и умения работать в команде – с первого взгляда трудно понять, какое же утверждение тут подходит. Но, посмотрев на варианты, можно увидеть, что больше всего подходит шестое – ведь умение работать в команде и ощущение себя как части дружного коллектива станет отличным подспорьем во время работы. Автор пятого высказывания полагает, что форма помогает лучше сконцентрироваться на учебе, не отвлекаясь на одежду – I wish we had a uniform to help us concentrate more on our studies. Это отражено в седьмом утверждении. В последнем же высказывании человек, с одной стороны, говорит о карьере, что вроде бы вписывается в шестое утверждение, но больший упор он делает на слово professionalism: Professionalism is very important as we grow up. Professionalism is something uniform friendly children are better at than casually dressed kids. Это хорошо отражает суть пятого высказывания. Очень важно слушать задание внимательно и, даже услышав одно слово, подходящее под какой-то вариант, не расслабляться, а слушать дальше, чтобы не совершить ошибку.

Ответ:

Говорящий	A	B	C	D	E	F
Утверждение	3	4	1	6	7	5

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Второе задание

За верно выполненное второе задание можно получить 7 баллов. В нем нужно прослушать диалог и для семи приведенных утверждений написать, какое верно, какое неверно и о чем в тексте не упоминается.

Вы услы­ши­те диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утвер­жде­ний А–G со­от­вет­ству­ют со­дер­жанию тек­ста (1 – True), какие не со­от­вет­ству­ют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на ос­но­ва­нии текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни от­ри­ца­тель­но­го от­ве­та (3 – Not stated). За­не­сите номер вы­бран­но­го Вами ва­ри­ан­та от­ве­та в таблицу. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись дважды.

A. Jake succeeded in his school-leaving exams.

B. Jake has an elder brother.

C. Jake wants to teach the subject Miss Clark teaches.

D. Miss Clark is surprised with Jake’s career choice.

E. Jake doesn’t believe in the abilities of every student.

F. Miss Clark thinks Jake’s made the right choice.

G. Miss Clark isn’t happy to hear Jake’s words.

Teacher: Hello, Jake. You look great today.

Jake: Good evening, Miss Clark. Thank you for the compliment.

Teacher: I hope you’ll enjoy the party. After all, your classmates and you have certainly deserved it. You worked so hard during the academic year, and you passed your exams with flying colours. My colleagues and I are so proud of you all.

Jake: Oh, Miss Clark, of course we did a good job, but we are very grateful to our teachers. If not for you, our results wouldn’t be so good.

Teacher: It’s good to know that. Thank you. So, Jake, what are you going to do after the prom? Are you going to have a gap year?

Jake: Most of my classmates are going to travel somewhere, but I won’t be able to join them. I’m going straight to college.

Teacher: Why? Don’t you like to travel?

Jake: Of course, I do. Everybody likes to travel, don’t they? It’s just that this summer isn’t a good time to do it because I’ll have to help my brother. He’s just had surgery, you know.

Teacher: I hope your brother is doing fine. How did the operation go? Jake: It all went fine, thank you. The full recovery will take some time, but he’ll be absolutely fine in a couple of months.

Teacher: Oh, that’s excellent news. So, what college did you choose?

Jake: I’m going to Birmingham University. I want to be a teacher, like you.

Teacher: Really? I would never have thought you had chosen this career.

Jake: Well, I think it’s the most rewarding job in the world, so …

Teacher: It is, but mind you, not every student will succeed in your class. Sometimes, when one of your students fails, you blame yourself for it.

Jake: I think that’s true about many jobs, like doctors, for instance. I believe that every student has the potential for success and it’ll be so exciting because each new academic year will present new challenges and new potential successes.

Teacher: Well, Jake, if you are able to look at it that way, teaching is definitely your cup of tea.

Jake: Thank you, Miss Clark. It’s you and your colleagues who have inspired me.

Teacher: Thank you. Now it’s high time for you to join your friends, and it’s time for me to wipe away the tears – your words are so touching.

Jake: Sorry if I’ve upset you.

Teacher: No, that’s fine. It’s always good to hear such things, you know. See you later, Jake.

Jake: See you.

Про экзамены говорится во второй реплике учителя: you passed your exams with flying colours. Это – фразеологизм, который означает «прекрасно». Но даже если вы не знаете значения этой устойчивой фразы и не поняли, как именно сданы экзамены, не стоит переживать – сразу после этого учитель говорит «My colleagues and I are so proud of you all». Из этого следует, что мальчик сдал экзамены хорошо, ведь иначе им бы не стал гордиться весь преподавательский состав.

Про брата говорится чуть позднее – I’ll have to help my brother. He’s just had surgery, you know. Но о возрасте брата ничего не сказано – он может быть и младшим, и старшим, поэтому для второго высказывания выбираем цифру 3. Потом Джейк говорит, что хочет стать учителем, но не упоминает, какой именно предмет он хочет вести – ставим ту же цифру и для третьего утверждения. Мисс Кларк очень удивилась его выбору – Really? I would never have thought you had chosen this career, значит, четвертое высказывание верно. Далее они обсуждают эту профессию и учеников, и Джейк говорит – I believe that every student has the potential for success – он верит в то, что у каждого ученика есть способности, значит, утверждение Е неверно.

Мисс Кларк считает, что Джейку подходит эта профессия , употребляя в речи популярный фразеологизм – if you are able to look at it that way, teaching is definitely your cup of tea. И, конечно, ей было приятно слышать слова ученика о том, что она и ее коллеги вдохновили его на выбор профессии – она говорит, что добрые слова ее тронули:  it’s time for me to wipe away the tears – your words are so touching…. It’s always good to hear such things. Главное – вслушиваться в детали и обладать неплохим словарным запасом – иначе можно просто не понять, о чем идет речь.

Ответ:

A	B	C	D	E	F	G
1	3	3	1	2	1	2

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Задания с третьего по девятое

Последняя часть аудирования ЕГЭ по английскому – прослушивание интервью и выполнение 7 заданий, связанных с ним. Все задания идут по порядку, в соответствии с упоминанием их аспектов в записи.

Presenter: Today in our studio we have a Brazilian-born actress Alice Jones, who made her film debut at the age of 18 in the Oscar-nominated «City of God». Good afternoon, Alice!

Alice Jones: Good afternoon. It’s a pleasure to be here. Thank you for inviting me.

Presenter: Your biggest achievements are connected with Hollywood and even your surname now is English. Do you still have any connections in Brazil?

Alice Jones: Well, my roots certainly remain firmly in Brazil. I own a production company in São Paolo, the city in which I was raised. Many of my family members are in the film and television industry, and my aunt and mother are both actresses there and my sister is a producer.

Presenter: What inspired you to become an actress?

Alice Jones: I can’t say I’ve always been interested in stardom. Once as a teenager I saw a performance at a theatre, and I loved the play. For me, it changed my perspective on acting and theater. I was 14, and I was enchanted; I completely fell in love. Then I finished school in São Paolo and started attending a university for the performing arts. When I got the invitation to come to an audition, I remember exactly when they told me who was going to be in the film. These were the same actors as in that play. I thought it was written in the stars.

Presenter: Are you currently into any project?

Alice Jones: I am. It is based on a novel by a wonderful Spanish writer. I read the book eight years ago. A really good friend of mine gave me the book, and she said, “You need to read this book because it’s a beautiful, strong story about this woman. Maybe she’s a nice character for you to play, so just read it”. Years went by, and now they want to make a version of it in Spanish, and I was happy when they called me because I always thought it was such a beautiful character for a woman to play. When they called me, I couldn’t believe that eight years after I read the book and fell in love with the character, they came to me. It was very special.

Presenter: As far as I remember, it’s not the first time you’ve worked on a book you love.

Alice Jones: So true! One of my films, «Blindness», is also based on one of my favourite books, so when they invited me, I had the same feeling. For «Queen of the South», again, my main reason to sign up for it was the character and the book, because that was a role I really wanted to play. So right after I got cast, I went straight to the book and made notes, getting all the little details about what people say about her, who she is, what type of woman she is in the world that she’s born into, how she manages to survive – all that. I was just trying to honor the book and
have a better understanding of it.

Presenter: How do you prepare for your roles?

Alice Jones: I have an acting coach that helps me. He works with me on preparing – running lines and having ideas and developing different ways of approaching characters. When it’s a story, based on a book, I basically work off the book. The book is my main source of material.

Presenter: I think now you’ve worked more in English than in Portuguese. Is it still difficult for you to work in another language that’s not Portuguese?

Alice Jones: Even now, it’s still a challenge. Because I’m so close to my family and friends and I always speak Portuguese, my heart and mind go to Portuguese. Once I’m on the set, after three or four months doing the series working hard every day and only speaking English, it becomes easier. Your mindset is there and you’re dreaming in English. But it is hard; in a way you keep translating from one language to another.

Presenter: Thank you, Alice.

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What do we learn about Alice at the beginning of the interview?

1. She has an Academy award already.
2. She’s 18 years old.
3. She was born in Brazil.

В самом начале интервьюер говорит, что актриса была рождена в Бразилии – ее дебют в роли актрисы был в 18 лет, но не говорит, что ей все еще 18. В случае с цифрами на экзамене нужно быть особенно внимательными.

Ответ: 3.

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Which of the following is TRUE about Alice’s family?

1. She takes part in a business with her family.
2. All of her relatives live in São Paolo.
3. Many of her relatives work in show business.

Актриса говорит, что выросла в Сан-Паулу, но не упоминает, что ее родственники живут там. Зато она рассказывает, что они работают в кино- и телеиндустрии – Many of my family members are in the film and television industry, and my aunt and mother are both actresses there and my sister is a producer.

Ответ: 3.

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What made Alice want to become an actress?

1. A theatre play she once saw.
2. Her school in São Paolo.
3. Glossy magazines about stars.

Сразу после ведущий спрашивает, почему девушка решила стать актрисой, и она говорит, что в 14 лет увидела одну театральную постановку, которая глубоко ее впечатлила – I saw a performance at a theatre, and I loved the play. For me, it changed my perspective on acting and theater. I was 14, and I was enchanted; I completely fell in love.

Ответ: 1.

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Which is TRUE about Alice’s current project?

1. Her character is very beautiful.
2. Her part isn’t in English.
3. Her friend offered her the role.

Далее они разговаривают о текущем проекте, в котором участвует Алиса. Она говорит про друга, но он предложил ей не роль, а книгу. Также она упоминает, что режиссеры планируют создать испаноязычную постановку, но конкретно об ее роли не говорится ничего – этот вариант выбирать нельзя. Потом девушка говорит: I always thought it was such a beautiful character for a woman to play.

Верный вариант: 1.

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Why did Alice sign up for Queen of the South?

1. Because of the film director.
2. Because of the role she had to play.
3. Because she had written the book.

Следующее задание легкое. Алиса прямо говорит: For «Queen othe South», again, my main reason to sign up for it was the character and the book, because that was a role I really wanted to play.

Ответ: 2.

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What does Alice’s acting coach help her with?

1. Getting to know the character.
2. Memorizing the lines.
3. Suggesting ideas about costumes.

Алиса говорит: I have an acting coach that helps me. He works with me on preparing – running lines and having ideas and developing different ways of approaching characters. Учитель актерского мастерства не помогает ей запоминать роли и не предлагает идеи костюмов – он помогает разрабатывать идеи и лучше узнавать персонажа.

Ответ: 1.

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What does Alice say about having to act in English?

1. It’s easier when she spends a long time working on it.
2. It’s no problem for her anymore.
3. It makes her translate all the time.

Алиса говорит, что португальский язык ей намного ближе, но после нескольких месяцев частого использования английского использовать его в постановках становится легче – Once I’m on the set, after three or four months doing the series working hard everyday and only speaking English, it becomes easier. Your mindset is there and you’re dreaming in English. Она не говорит, что это удается ей совсем без проблем, но и переводить постоянно не приходится – хотя она и говорит «in a way you keep translating from one language to another», нужно помнить, что in a way значит «в некоторой степени», а не «все время», как в задании.

Хорошо сдать аудирование не так сложно, если заранее начать готовиться к этому виду заданий, приучать себя выполнять его в отведенное время и уделять большое внимание всем деталям, упоминаемым в высказываниях.

Даниил Романович | Просмотров: 4.9k