When men first flew in space they were amazed to discover егэ ответы

Тренировочные задания в формате егэ по английскому языку

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РАЗДЕЛ 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ

Во время выполнения теста по аудированию перед каждым заданием дана пауза с тем, чтобы вы смогли просмотреть воп­росы к заданию, а также паузы после первичного и повторного предъявления аудиотекста для внесения ответов. По окончании выполнения всего раздела «Аудирование» перенесите свои отве­ты в бланк ответов.

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1—6 и ут­верждениями, данными в списке A—G. Используйте каж­дое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей буквой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утвержде­ние. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

A. The speaker can study long hours,

B. The speaker is helped by others.

C. The speaker pays attention to what his teachers say.

D. The speaker reads extra materials.

E. The speaker studies only what is important.

F. The speaker has a good memory.

G. The speaker is well organized.

Вы услышите интервью со знаменитым фотографом. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А1—А7 соответствуют содер­жанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы ус­лышите запись дважды.

I А1 |

Ella thinks travelling is an unpleasant part of her job.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

А2 |

Ella’s problems are often caused by insensitive editors.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A3 |

In Mauritius, Ella had no time to take all the planned photos.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A4 I

A problem at the airport prevented the plane from landing at Nairobi.

1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A5 |

After the landing in Uganda some of the luggage was lost.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A6 |

The experience at Nairobi made Ella change some of her opinions.

1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A7 |

At present, Ella is thinking about whether to change jobs.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

Вы услышите рассказ инструктора по глубоководному погружению о своей карьере. В заданиях А8—А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или J, со­ответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

А8 |

The narrator considered a full-time career as a diving instructor because

1. he had always liked teaching.
2. his trainees were pleased with him.
3. it was a chance to earn more money.

A9 I

The narrator says instructors must

1. understand weather conditions.
2. know the best diving areas.
3. be patient with their trainees.

A10

The narrator becomes nervous

1. when students become aggressive.
2. when his students leave the group.
3. when other divers get close to his group.

3- Английский язык
I All |

What mistake did the girl called Elaine make?

1. She did not get on well with her group.
2. She went off alone.
3. She mistook the narrator for somebody else.

A12

A13

A14

After the conversation with Mr and Mrs Jones the narrator felt
1) embarrassed. 2) upset. 3) impatient.

The narrator finds it boring

1. to allow students time for photos.
2. to repeat instructions for students.
3. to follow the same routine.

In the future the narrator would like to be

1) a photographer. 2) a secretary. 3) a manager.

В2

Установите соответствие между заголовками А—Н и текстами 1—7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Исполь­зуйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один за­головок лишний.

can be seen when orbiting the earth are the fires of African desert people and the lights of fishing boats off Japan.

1. The term ‘Mayday’ is an internationally recognized radio signal which is only used when a ship is in great danger and needs help immedi­ately. The signal is transmitted on a wavelength of 2.182 kHz, which is permanently monitored by rescue services on the shore. The use of this expression has a very straightforward explanation. It came from the French phrase ‘m’aidez’, which means ‘help me’.
2. In 1700, Henri Misson, a Frenchman visiting Britain, asked villag­ers why they had horseshoes nailed above their doors. They said it was to keep witches away. Horseshoes are made of iron and the strength of the iron was thought to protect from evil. Still today they are thought to bring good luck and many brides carry silver ones at their weddings. The position of the horseshoe is very important. It must point upwards like a cup so that the luck cannot fall out.
3. Women generally live about six years longer than men. Evidence suggests that boys are the weaker sex at birth, which means that more die in infancy. Also women do not have as much heart disease as men. In terms of lifestyle, men smoke more than women and thus more die of smoking-related diseases. Also, they generally have more dangerous occupations, such as building work.
4. Scientists say that rats can help look for earthquake survivors buried in the ruined buildings. Dogs are already used to search for people, but rats can be even more useful. Like dogs they’ve got a great sense of smell, but scientists still need to train rats to sniff out people and to carry special radio transmitters to let them know when the survivor is found. Rats may also be trained to find bombs or explosives.
5. Dinosaurs roared for about 150 million years before they disappeared. We humans have only been around for about 2 million years. But cock­roaches are 350 million years old and still going strong! Cockroaches can survive in extreme conditions. They can be frozen, then thawed, and walk away as if nothing had happened. They can go for incredibly long time’ without eating anything. And that is the secret of their success!
6. Founded in 1980, BASE jumping grew out of skydiving. But BASE jumping is much more dangerous than skydiving that is why it is banned in many countries. Legal jumps now happen on specific days and from approved structures. However, like other extreme sports, it’s the risk of disaster that makes BASE jumping so exciting.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1—6 частями предложений, обозначенными буквами A—G. Одна из час­тей в списке A—G лишняя. Перенесите ответы в таблицу.

On 25 October, 1881 a little boy was born in Malaga, Spain. It was a difficult birth and to help him breathe, cigar smoke was blown into his nose! But despite being the youngest ever smoker, this baby grew up to be one of the 20th century’s greatest painters — Pablo Picasso.

Picasso showed his truly exceptional talent from a very young age. His first word was lapiz (Spanish for pencil) and he learned to draw before he could talk.

He was the only son in the family and very good-looking,
1 . He hated school and often refused to go unless his do­
ting parents allowed him to take one of his father’s pet pigeons with him!

Apart from pigeons, his great love was art, and when in 1891 his father, who was an amateur artist, got a job as a drawing teacher at a college, Pablo went with him to the college. He often watched his father paint and sometimes was allowed to help. One evening his

father was painting a picture of their pigeons 2 .

He returned to find that Pablo had completed the picture, and it was so amazingly beautiful and lifelike that he gave his son his own palette and brushes and never painted again. Pablo was just 13.

From then onwards there was no stopping him. Many people rea­
lized that he was a genius but he disappointed those 3 .

He was always breaking the rules of artistic tradition and shocked the public with his strange and powerful pictures. He is probably best

known for his ‘Cubist’ pictures, 4 . His

paintings of people were often made up of triangles and squares with their features in the wrong place. His work changed our ideas about

art 5 . Guernica, which he painted in 1937, records

the bombing of that little Basque town during the Spanish Civil War, and is undisputedly one of the masterpieces of modern painting.

Picasso died of heart failure during an attack of influenza in 1973.
The artist created over 6,000 paintings, drawings and sculptures.
Today a ‘Picasso’ costs several million pounds, 6 .

A. which used only simple geometric shapes.

B. so he was thoroughly spoilt.

C. which is not surprising.

D. that is why he was very hard-working.

E. when he had to leave the room.

F. who wanted him to become a traditional painter.

G. that is why to millions of people modern art means the
work of Picasso.

Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания А15—А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбран­ному вами варианту ответа,

Most children at the tender age of six or so are full of most imprac­tical scheme for becoming policemen, firemen or train drivers when they grow up. But when I was that age, I could not be bothered with such mundane ambitions. I knew exactly what I wanted to do, 1 was going to have my own zoo. At the time, this did not seem to me, and still does not seem, a very unreasonable idea. My friends and relatives, who had long found me strange because I showed little interest in anything that did not have fur or feathers, accepted this as just another manifestation of my strangeness. They felt that, if they ignored my often-repeated re­marks about owning my own zoo, I would eventually grow out of it.

As the years passed, however, to the bewilderment of those friends and relatives, my resolve to have my own zoo grew greater and greater and eventually, after going on a number of exhibitions to bring back animals for other zoos, I felt the time was ripe to acquire my own.

From my latest trip to West Africa, I had brought back a consid­erable collection of animals which were living, temporarily I assured her, in my sister’s suburban garden in Bournemouth. But after a number of unsuccessful attempts to convince local councils in various areas to support my plans, I began to investigate the possibility of starting my zoo on the island of Jersey in the English Channel.

I was given an introduction to a man named Hugh Fraser who, I was told, was a broad-minded, kindly soul. He would show me around the island and point out suitable sites. So, I flew to Jersey and was met by Hugh Fraser who drove us to his family home, probably one of the most beautiful old houses on the island. There was a huge walled garden with lots of outbuildings all built in the beautiful local stone which was the colour of autumn leaves glowing in the sunshine. Turning to my wife, I said: ‘What a marvellous place for a zoo.’

If my host had promptly fainted on the spot, I could not have blamed him. The thought of creating the average person’s idea of a zoo, with all the grey cement and iron bars, in such a lovely spot was horrible. To my astonishment, however, Hugh Fraser did not faint, but merely cocked an enquiring eyebrow at me and asked whether I really meant what I said. Slightly embarrassed, I replied that I had meant it, but added hastily that I realised that it was impossible. Hugh said he did not think it was as impossible as all that.

He went on to explain that the house and grounds were too big for him to keep up as a private individual, and so he wanted to move to a smaller place in England. Would I care to consider renting the property for the purpose of establishing my zoo? I could not imagine more attractive surroundings for my purpose, and by the time lunch was over, the bargain had been sealed.

The alarm displayed by all who knew me when this was announced can be imagined. The only exception to the general chorus of disap­proval was my sister. Although she thought it a mad scheme, at least it would rid her back garden of the assorted jungle creatures that were be­ginning to put a great strain on her relationship with her neighbours.

A15

A16

A17

A18

A19

A20

A21

The writer’s friends and family

1. encouraged him in his childhood ambition.
2. took no notice of his childhood ambition.
3. tried to talk him out of his childhood ambition.
4. tried to interest him in other things.

In paragraph 2 the word ‘bewilderment’ means that the writer’s friends and relatives

1. were pleasantly surprised by him.
2. became increasingly angry with him.
3. were shown to be right about his ideas.
4. didn’t really understand his ambitions.

The writer didn’t start a zoo in England because

1. nobody wanted to help him.
2. he’ had too many animals.
3. his sister was against it.
4. he couldn’t get permission.

The writer was introduced to Hugh Fraser because

1. Hugh knew a lot about zoos.
2. Hugh owned a number of houses.
3. Hugh knew the island very well.
4. Hugh had offered land for rent.

When the writer made a comment about the walled garden, Hugh

1. was horrified at the prospect.
2. was surprised by the suggestion.
3. was too embarrassed to reply.
4. was interested in the idea.

The writer particularly liked the place he chose for the zoo because of

1. its size. 3) its setting.
2. its price. 4) its facilities.

When the writer’s sister learned about the establishment of the zoo in Jersey, she felt

1. alarmed. 3) supportive.
2. relieved. 4) disappointed.

РАЗДЕЛ 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необ­ходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В4—В10 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полу­ченными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному за­данию из группы В4—В10.

The Bald Eagle

В4

In 1782, soon after the United States won

its independence, the bald eagle

as the national bird of the new country. American leaders wanted the eagle to be a symbol of their country because it is one of the strongest birds.

CHOOSE

В5

Today the bald eagle almost from the country.

DISAPPEAR

pop- DECREASE

NOT HATCH

TRY

REMAIN
В6

В7

В8

В9

В10

In 1972 there
only 3,000 bald BE

eagles in the entire United States. The reason for the bird’s

ulation was pollution of rivers by pesticides.

Pesticides poison the fish. Eagles eat these
fish and then the eggs eagles lay have very
thin shells and .

Today, the American government and the
American people to pro­
tect the bald eagle.

We are sure that the American national bird

a symbol of strength and

courage for many years to come.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необ­ходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В11—В16, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11—В16.

New York — the ‘Big Apple’

INHABIT
Bll

B12

Our
in New York was ARRIVE

spectacular. Its skyscrapers and the Statue of Liberty make a beautiful sight.

New York has a population of over seven million and it is probably the world’s

most famous city. The of

the ‘Big Apple’ come from many different countries.

SPECIAL

WONDER

ENTHUSIASM
B13

B14

B15

B16

There are more
in New NATION

York than in any other place on earth.

It also has more tourists than any other

city except London,

in the summer.

Visitors come from all over the world and
have a time.

There are so many sights for them to get

about — whether it’s

some of the best museums in the world or the charming little streets of Greenwich Village.

objections to it during this time and

grounds. Did it cause eye-strain? Was the screen bombarding us with radioactivity?

Did the advertisements messages, persuading us to buy more? Did children turn to violence through watching it, either because so many programmes taught them how to shoot, rob, and kill, or because they had to do something to

counteract the hours they had

A24

glued to the tiny screen?

Or did it simply create a vast passive audience, drugged by glamorous

serials and inane situation A25

On the other hand, did it increase anxiety by sensationalising the news and filling our living rooms with war and political unrest? All in all, television proved to be the all-purpose scapegoat for the second

half of the century,

| A261

for everything, but above all,

eagerly watched. For no

A27

how much we despised it,

were bored by it, or felt that it took us away from the old paradise of family conversation and hobbies such as collecting stamps, we never

A28

staring at the screen, aware that our

own tiny reflection was in it if we looked carefully.
turned it off. We

1) comedies 2) programmes 3) perhaps

A26| l) accused 2) looking
A22| l) with 2) over

1) contain 2) of 1) almost 2) spent

All

1) one

2) matter

3) difference 4) reason

A28

l) refused 2) received 3) turned 4) kept

Установите соответствие между заголовками A-H И текстами 1—7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A. Necessary Components

B. Important Conclusion

C. Useful Advice

D. Significant Difference

E. Health Risks

F. Moderation Is the Key!

G. Diet and Exercise

H. Benefits of Good Nutrition

I. Developing healthy eating habits is simpler and easier than you might think. You will look and feel better if you make a habit of eating healthfully. You will have more energy and your immune system will be stronger. When you eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables you are lowering your risk of heart dis­ease, cancers and many other serious health ailments. Healthy eating habits are your ticket to a healthier body and mind.

J. A Four-week clinical trial that tested the new regimen found that overweight adults who consumed a high-protein, entirely vegan diet were able to lose about the same amount

Of weight as a comparison group of dieters on a high-carbo — hydrate, low-fat vegetarian dairy diet. But while those on the high-carbohydrate dairy diet experienced drops of 12 percent in their cholesterol, those on the high-protein vegan diet saw cholesterol reductions of 20 percent.

K. ‘The idea preyed on me for a long time. If the Atkins Diet looks good, and it’s got so much saturated fat and cho­lesterol in it, suppose we took that out and put vegetarian protein sources in, which may lower cholesterol,’ Dr. Jen­kins said. ‘We know that nuts lower cholesterol and prevent heart disease, and soy is eaten in the Far East, where they don’t get much heart disease. So we put these foods togeth­er as protein and fat sources.’

L. The first official warning about the dangers of the Atkins diet was issued by the government amid concern about the rising number of people opting for the high-fat, high-protein diet. Cutting out starchy foods can be bad for your health be­cause you could be missing out on a range of nutrients. Low — Carbohydrate diets tend to be high in fat, and this could in­crease your chances of developing coronary heart disease.

S. Earlier this year, a large study that compared different kinds of diets — including low-fat and Iow-Carbohydrate plans — found that the method didn’t matter as long as people cut calories. That study also found that after two years, most people had regained at least some of the weight they had lost. Dr. Tuttle said that while different weight loss plans offer people different ‘tricks’ and strategies, ultimately, ‘It really comes down to calories in and calories out.’

T. When you think about nutrition, be aware of serving sizes. Many people will eat everything on their plate, regardless of how hungry they actually are. If you know you tend to clean your plate, make an effort to reduce your serving size. If you’re eating out or dining at a friend’s house, don’t be shy about asking for smaller portion sizes. Too much of any one food is a bad thing. There are no bad foods, just bad eating habits.

U. Your body has to stay well hydrated to perform at its best and to properly process all the nutrients in the food you eat. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising. If you are trying to lose weight, add plenty of ice to each glass of water. Your body will bum energy to warm the water up to body temperature.

Задание 1.17

Установите соответствие между заголовками A-H И текстами 1—7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A. Staying in Contact

B. Internet Security

C. Digital Divide

D. Obvious Benefits

E. Floating City

F. Contrary to Popular Belief

G. Unknown Sailor

H. Varied Community

I. When the Oasis of the Seas sets sail later this year, it will claim the record for the biggest passenger ship, with space for 6,300 passengers, 2,000 more than any other ship. But it will also claim the most rooms with balconies, the biggest onboard swimming pool, and the first at-sea, tree-filled, outdoor park. Those features were possible because of the ship’s unique design.

J. More and more people are getting broadband, and high speed net is available almost everywhere, but there are still a significant number of people who refuse to take the first step. As the cost of getting online is going down and Inter­net speeds are increasing, the gap between those who use the Internet and those without access continues to widen. That means these people will get left behind and miss out on many opportunities, especially in their careers.

K. There are more than 40 research projects being carried out at Davis Station in Antarctica. It is home to physicists, biologists, weather observers, mechanics, communication technicians, electricians, carpenters, plumbers, a doctor and A chef. There is also a station leader whose job is to keep everyone happy and productive and to look after all the pa­perwork. They have good food, comfortable buildings, tele­phone, entertainment, the internet, but for many months at a time no chance ofleaving.

L. The term ‘bird brain* has long been a common means of expressing doubts about a person’s intelligence. In reality, birds may actually be a great deal, more intelligent than hu­mans have given them credit for. Now scientists understand that birds actually use a different part of their brain for in­telligence. Observations of different Species af birds, both in the wild and in captivity, have shown a great deal of evi­dence of high Ievek of avian intelligence.

S. Today cyber cafds are part of the cultural scene in the same way that cinemas and supermarkets are. Home com­puters are no good if you are out and about or happen to be on holiday somewhere. The cyber cafd is the obvious place to go if you want to keep in touch with friends and family. These cafds are also popular with foreign students studying abroad. These students feel it’s important to keep in touch with everyone At home and e-mail is cheaper than the telephone. —

T. When computers and the Internet entered the world of education, it has truly experienced a profound revolution. The information found on books remains static but the available information on the Internet is updated all the time. Plus, children are very much drawn to electronic. gadgets and are learning the medium at a pretty fast pace. The use of computers in addition to books as a learning resource definitely boosts learning»

U. Ellen MacArthur became front page news when, in 2001, she came second in the Vendee Globe round-the-world yacht race, Up until that point most people had never heard of her, even though at one stage during^ the race it looked as if she might win. EUen MacAtthur spent three months at sea on her own and succeeded where many others, far older and more experienced, had failed.

Задаяне 1.18

Установите, соответствие между заголовками A—Hu ТекстамиJ—Z Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задания один заголовок лшнкнй.

A. Health Probtem

В; Significant Difference

C1FasltionsteFood

-~ D. New Weapon

1. The Price of Success

2. Holiday Regalatioes

3. Strong Competitor

4. Psychological Barrier

5. Nowadays, potatoes are the ‘in’ thing so fax ’as health is concerned. In the 60s and 70s wc were told to avoid them at all costs for fear of getting fat, but now they have been reinvented by the dieticians as a source of fibre and vita­mins. Sensible people, like you and me, have always eaten them because they taste so good.

6. Organizing a holiday isn’t the easiest task in the world; there are so many things to think about. Let’s keep it simple’ by assuming that there’s no overseas travel to arrange. That doesn’t mean that you can also forget about injections and other health precautions entirely. What about sun blocker? What about regular medication prescribed by your doctor? My point, quite frankly, is that planning a holiday can be a real pain although a well-planned holiday can more titan re­ward the pains you go to before you’set out.

7. Symantec, McAfee and Trend Micro have the US market for anti-virus software sewed up between them. But here comes Russia’s Kasperskyr Lab trying to gain a foothold. The Moscow-based company opened a sales office outside of Boston in February and has signed up about 40 resellers. Kaspersky reacts quicker than the giants to new viruses and other forms of malware, and gets fixes out fast.

8. Sitting in the office armchairs all-day long has become the norm for many of us. Stress and rush make us forget about regular food and stuff our stomachs with cheesebur-

2* ‘ . ‘ .’ 35
Gers and sodas, which don’t do any good to our bodies. As a result, we rarely find time for exercises, gyms or balanced nutrition and it’s one of the reasons why a lot of people are overweight nowadays. However, it is possible to change your lifestyle and lose your weight if you are willing to.

9. The Internet is a very effective medium for spreading ideas or news. It eliminates geographical boundaries, and Green­peace is aware of it, and benefits from it. For instance, in 1995, Greenpeace utilised its site to publicise a route that the French use to send nuclear shipments to Japan. They also in­cluded the fax number of the French Embassy and of the newspaper Le Monde so that letters of protest could be sent.

10. The biggest problem most people face in learning a new language is their own fear, like Stage Fear. They worry that they won’t say things correctly or that they will look stupid so they don’t talk at all. Don’t do this. Actually, the fastest way to Ieam anything is to do it — again and again until you get it right. Like anything, learning English requires practice. Don’t let your fear stop you from getting what you want.

11.

Fuel cells are similar to a battery except unlike batteries, they don’t need to be recharged. Fuel causes air pollution and noise, while fuel cells do not cause either. Fuel cells don’t cause pollution because they don’t create waste like fuel. Fuel cells are also very efficient, so efficient that fuel cells have been providing energy on spacecrafts for a very long time.

Установите соответствие между заголовками A-H И текстами 1—7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A. Circles on the Water

B. Ancient Ancestor

C. Different Explanations

D. Unexpected Invention

36 I

1

1. Sohitioa to Ae Problem

2. Hidden Menace

3. Artificial Eye —

4. Signfficaat Beaefits

5. Chocolate chip cookies were actually a mistake! One day in 1903, Ruth WakefieM, while baking a batch of cookies, noticed she was out of bakers’ chocolate! As a substitute she broke some semi-sweetened chocolate into small pieces and put them in the dough. She thought that the chocolate would melt in the dough and the dough would absorb it. When she opened up the oven, she realized she had invent­ed the tasty treat called chocolate chip cookies!

6. Computers originally began as calculators. The first cal­culator was madeby Blaise Pascal. It only had eight but­tons, and it could only do addition and subtraction. There was a set of wheels, and all of the wheels had the numbers zero through nine on them. The wheels were connected by gears and each turn of one wheel wouM turn the next wheel one-tenth of a turn. This machine Was completed in 1642 when Blaise was twenty-one years old.

7. A helicopter has a big advantage over an airplane, espe­cially when people might be trapped in’a tight place like on a mountain, where there is not much space to land, or Од the water. They are also used for rescuing people from burning buildings or from trees when there are floods. With­out the helicopter as a rescue vehicle, many people would lose their lives because the rescuers would be unable to reach them if they were in a difficult area.

8. Cars have always caused air pollution. In the past, there was. a lot more air pollution created by cars than there is today. In die future, there will probably be even less. Two good ways fof pursuing the dream of less air pollution are cars that run on solar energy and cars that run on fuel cells. Solar energy and fuel cells don’t cause pollution because they do not give off any exhaust.

9. Reporter: Rob Spence is planning to have a camera em­bedded in his eye socket and become a tbionic reporter’. Spence, who lost one of his eyes when he was young, says he has a prototype in development and that one day the Replacement of even healthy eyes with bionic ones may be­come commonplace. ‘It seems shocking now, but it will be­come more and more normal,’ he said.

10. Crop circles have been appearing in fields all over the world for the past 30 years. There have been suggestions that they are made by flying saucers landing and flattening the crops, or even that they are messages left by visiting aliens. Others think they are created by microwave beams from sat­ellites orbiting the Earth. Other more rational suggestions are that crop circles are man-made hoaxes, attempting to con­vince the public of extra-terrestrial life on Earth.

11. The Egyptian Pyramids have always been surrounded by mystery. When Egyptologists began to open the tombs of the pharaohs, rumours abounded that anyone who raided them would be cursed. Many think a curse was to blame for the death of Lx>rd Carnarvon, who funded the expedition to open King Tutankhamen’s tomb in 1923. He died of pneu­monia after being bitten by a mosquito a few weeks after the tomb was opened.

Задание 1.20

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A. Unsolved Mystery

B. Meteorological Phenomenon

C. Curious Conclusion

D. Group Builders

E. Clever Camouflage

F. Friendly but Dangerous

G. Animal Diseases

H. Feeding to Death

1. Tree squirrels are quite used to humans and many will come close to people hoping they will be fed. However, squirrels deserve our respectful distance. They have very Shaιp teeth ‘and sharp claws and defend themselves by biting and scratching if they, are startled. However, they are fun to observe. So treat them with gentle respect… and they can be wonderful ‘wild friends’.

2. Elephants display ‘right-handedness’, not in their limbs, but in the tusks. Close examination of an elephant’s tusks will reveal that one tusk has a blunter tip and is thicker than its less favoured counterpart. The reason for this differ­ence is that in their natural habitat elephants use their tusks for gathering food, and digging for water. Conseciuently the tusk on their favourite side becomes more developed, but blunter, √

3. In October 1987, an attempt to find a famous Loch Ness monster was made with 20 cruisers that swept the loch using sonar equipment, electronically recording all contacts. While the cruisers caught enough salmon to feed an army, there was no sign of Nessie. Most scientists would bet that there is no monster, yet they do seem to hedge themselves and keep an open mind as they await conclusive proof in the form of skeletal evidence or the capture of the monster.

4. Birds used for the production of Foie Gras are trapped in tiny cages, where they hardly have any place to move or flap their wings. Miechanized feeders come at regular inter­vals to feed them and metal pipes are forced’ down their gullets several times a day. The over-fed birds have difficulty breathing and acquire a range of diseases. Once these birds have reached a point of near-death, they are. slaughtered, and their livers end up in restaurants! :

5. Animals adapt over time to their environments, some so much so that they begin to look Uke their Surroundings — a helpful evolutionary advantage in the face of potential pred­ators (or while stalking prey). There are octσpi that blend in perfectly with sandy ocean floors, insects that Iook just like leaves and fish that resemble oceanic plants. There is even an octopus that can mimic nearly twenty other oceanic spe­cies to scare off.

6. Humans work together all the time to build incredible structures we could never have dreamed up, let alone con­struct, on our own — but some animal architecture is argu­ably even more impressive. There is a spider web built by a

Variety of species working together that spans much of a public park, an ant colony that extendsfor thousands of miles and birds nests built by entire flocks living together Underonethatchedroof,

7. Raining animals … it sounds ridiculous, right? Nonethe­less, it happens — although rarely. Fisħ> frogs and birds are the most common forms of animal rain. Sometimes the creatures land relatively unscathed but in other cases they are frozen or shredded to pieces. Theories vary in their de­tails but generally, it is assumed, that certain kinds of strong winds lift up the animals with a volume of water (fish and frogs from ponds, for example) or sweep them out of the sky in the case of buds and then deposit them, often right before a major storm.

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A. Behind the Wbed

B. PessinBstic Predictioas

C. IatelIigent House

D. New Possibilities for Business..

E. Permanent People

F1GreeabouseEffiect

1. Easy Shopping

2. Futnre Entertainment

3. The smart fridge will be connected to the Internet as part of a home network that runs your domestic life, interacting with the barcodes on your food, and re-ordering them on­line as you Use them. Virtually all domestic appliances will be linked by computer, so that the fridge can communicate with the cooker and rubbish bin, coordinating complex tasks SuchascookingameaL,

4. Children of the future will never be able to complain that there’s no one to play with. Equipped with virtual reality headsets, they will be taking part in global games, for example, in medieval jousting tournaments. Their opponents, selected by the computer, will probably live on the other side of the world.

5. Caris of the future will take much of the strain out of driv­ing. The intelligent navigation system will be able to choose the best route for you by monitoring an online traffic data­base for hold-ups, while. the cruise control keeps a constant distance from the car in front. And if you exceed the speed limit, the speedometer will give apolitewarningto you.

6. Holographic conferencing and virtual reality meetings will allow people to interact with colleagues and clients via com­puter, without needing to leave the comfort of their own homes. This will also mean that a lot more people will either work freelance from home, or on flexible short-term contracts. The old concept ‘jobs for life’ will be a thing of the past.

7. In the future it will become harder to tell the difference between the human and the machine. All body parts will be replaceable. A computer will function like the human brain with the ability to recognize feelings and respond in a feel­ing way. We will then be able to create a machine duplicate of ourselves and transfer our spirit so we will be able to live for as long as we want.

8. There will be great changes to the environment particu­larly because of the rising sea levels. Global wanning is ex­pected to cause oceans to rise by one meter, which will in­crease the risk of flooding. It will happen regardless of any future actions to curb greenhouse gases. Projected climate change will also tend to degrade water quality through high­er water temperatures.’

9. We will not rely so much on cash as we do now. .It will mainly be digital money, the inevitable medium Of exchange for an increasingly wired world. We will no longer need to carry a wad of bills or fumble for exact change. Supermar­kets will have iris recognition systems so the money for. our groceries will automatically be transferred from our bank ac­counts as we’re standing at the checkout.

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A. Struggle for Survival

B. Ancient Wonder

C. Great Beginning

D. Important Event

E. Tourist Boom

F. Agriculture Success

G. Practical Invention

H. Living Longer

I. Computers have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.

J. Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neii Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement, ‘That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ However, progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into research as in the 1960s.

K. Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and hap­piness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! Lots of people have benefited from the aspirin and lots of lives have been saved by penicillin. Suigeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average life expectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years.

L. In the past, a holiday used to mean simply a day when you did not work. Now millions of holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists in their countries, but we must admit that a phe­nomenon which sees the population of Greece treble is a wonder of the world.

S. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercial­ized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship. We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.

T. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, ‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of com grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians.’ In Europe farmers have done it andwe produce enough food to feed the world. Ifonly politicians could find a way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.

U. The greatest wonder of the modem world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we try our best not to use them. Because of peo­ple’s effort no government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the IOOth anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise awareness of the is­sues of war and peace.

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A. Future Rescuers

B. Origiu Of the Superstitiou

C. Rfcky Sport

D. OMest Creatures «

E. Discredited Myth

F. Distress Call

G. Visible Obstacle

H. Significant Difference

1. ‘When men first flew in space, they were amazed to dis­cover that the only men-made object visible from orbit was the Great Wall of China.’ This is a nice idea, but it’s not true. The Great Wall is mostly grey stone in a grey land­scape and, in fact, is very difficult to see even from an aeroplane flying at a mere 15 kilometres above. What can be seen when orbiting the earth are the fires of African desert people and the lights of fishing boats off Japan.

2. The term ‘Mayday’ is an internationally recognized radio signal which is only used when a ship is in great danger and needs help immediately. The signal is transmitted on a wavelength of 2.182 kHz, which is permanently monitored by rescue services on the shore. The use of this expression has a very straightforward explanation. It came from the French phrase ‘m’aidez’, which means ‘help me’.

3. In 1700, Henri Misson, a Frenchman visiting Britain, asked villagers why they had horseshoes nailed above their doors. They said it was to keep witches away. Horseshoes are made of iron and the strength of the iron was thought to pro­tect from evil. Still today they are thought to bring good luck and many brides carry silver ones at their weddings. The po­sition of the horseshoe is very important. It must point up­wards like a cup so that the luck cannot fall out.

4. Women generally live about six years longer than men. Evidence suggests that boys are the weaker sex at birth, which means that more die in infancy. Also women do not have as much heart disease as men. In terms of lifestyle, men smoke more than women and thus more die of smok­ing-related diseases. Also, they generally have more danger­ous occupations, such as building work.

5. Scientists say that rats can help look for earthquake sur­vivors buried in the ruined buildings. Dogs are already used to search for people, but rats can be even more useful. Like dogs they’ve got a great sense of smell, but scientists still need to train rats to sniff out people and to carry special radio transmitters to let them know when the survivor is found. Rats may also be trained to find bombs or explosives.

6. Dinosaurs roared for about 150 million years before they disappeared. We humans have only been around for about 2 million years. But cockroaches are 350 million years old And still going strong! Cockroacties can survive in extreme conditions. They can be frozen, then thawed, and walk away as if nothing had happened. They can go for incredi­bly k>nβ time without eating anything. And that is the secret Oftheirsuccesst

7. Founded in 1980, BASE jumping grew out of skydiving. But BASE jumping is much more dangerous titan skydiving that is why it is banned in many countries. Legal jumps now happen on specific days and from approved structures. However, like other extreme sports, it’s the risk Of disaster that’ makes BASE jumping so exciting.

Задание 1.24

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A Exotic Ptts

8. Going Back to Tinre

9. SmaH Screes Addiction

10. Body Language

11. Massive Destntctioa

12. Buried Treasure

13. Reasoa For Extinction

14. IateOigent Eaemies

Would have led to strongly acidic tain tailing all over the world. Ibis idea is fascinating but it would mean the dino­saurs would all have died within a very short time.

3. In 1948, a British farmer discovered an interesting lump of metal while ploughing his field. At first he thought the metal bits were parts of an old bed. Then more ‘parts of old beds’ turned up and the farmer took them to the local museum. ‘But these bits are priceless!’ exclaimed the keeper of the mu­seum. ‘They are Iron Age jewellery and coins!’ Over the next 40 years, more and more Itemswere found in the same field.

4. Rats may have had a bit of a hard time over the years but these days lots of people are forgetting about guinea-pigs and hamsters and are buying rats instead. Domestic rats aren’t the same as the ones that run around rubbish bins — they’re actually quite cute. Thfcy are very intelligent and can be trained like dogs. They come in different colours and — a big bonus — they will eat anything!. ■

5. In Western cultures, people look each other in the eye during a ConyersatitHi to show interest and trust, but in many Asaan countries^ it’s rude to look people in die eye, especially a superior such as a teacher, One of die most basic and pow­erful signals is when a person crosses his or her arms across the chest. Thia can indicate’that a person is putting up an UnconsciousbarrierbetweenthemaeIvesandothers.

4. Earthquakes happen all the time in all parts of the world but we don’t notice most of them because they are small However, big earthquakes are really dangerous. They can make buildings fell down, set off landslides and do other deadly things. The highest death toll caused by an earthquake was in China in 1556, when at least 830,000 people died.

7. According to scientists, Americans watch more TV on av­erage than any other nationality. In fact, many people, par­ticularly children, sit for 35 hours or more per week glued to die box. What’s wrong with watching all that TV? Studies have finked it to everything from obesity to aggression in children not to mention that it puts your mind into a sort of sedated state. Habitual television watching, over long periods of time, has been known to cause depression, and anger.

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A. Space Research

B. A Touch of Magkr

C. Great Expectations

D. M-Learniug RevoIotioa

E. Wey Birds

F. ViaMe Alternative

G. OW Custom : HZAttractiveDestinatfoa

1. The Hebrides, a group of islands off the Scottish coast, of­fers tourists a diversity of wildlife and scenery with few equals in the UK. And in the waters around them you can find not only dolphins but whales and the mighty sea eagle as well. In places it is possible to see such marine animals from the shore, but to have the best views you need to be on a boat

2. Mostly it’s about hot air — for without that, balloons are just big empty bags with baskets on the bottom. The Mont­golfier brothers had great hopes when they made the first manned fright. They thought balloons Would take off as a viable means of commercial flight. Instead, they have re­mained the province of sport, adventure and enjoyment. Yet they still retain the essential characteristics which make them so attractive.

3. Many people still think that to. get the chance to go to space you have got to tty to become an astronaut Unfortu­nately, the Chances of succeeding are tiny, simply because there are so few astronauts and there is no prospect of a lot more being employed. However, you need not despair be­cause you will be able to go as a visitor. But the first thing you should do is to save up because the demand is expected to be strong and prices wfll be high.

4. The natural cautiousness is usual in. herons. They prefer to spend the day in areas where they can hunt for fish in peace. They seldom allow close approach and are quick to Take to the air when they sense humans are about. Such nervousness is understandable, given that they have suffered from persecution from fish farmers.

5. Crop circles are large circular patterns which have been turning up mysteriously in cornfields all over southern En­gland, and in other parts of the world, since the 1980s. Many people believe they could not have been done by hu­man beings — they say only visitors from outer space could have created such circles. Although scientists are trying to solve this mystery, the scientific explanation has not been found yet.

6. Teachers are used to asking students to turn off their mo­bile phones but soon they could be a major classroom aid for teaching and learning. Three schools in the Richmond area are taking part in an innovative project in which stu­dents will use their mobile phones. Students can use the phones to get access to learning materials as more phones nowadays have links to the Internet.

7. Every year, large crowds of people gather at Cooper’s Hill to watch the Cheese Rolling Championship. A group of brave people roll a Iaige cheese down the hill, and then run down after it. In theory, competitors must catch the cheese, but as it can reach speeds up to 70 miles an hour, this rarely happens. Cheese Rolling has been going on for hundreds of years and nobody knows for sure when it first started.

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